1
|
Do Nascimento Amorim MS, Rates ERD, Isabela Vitoria DAC, Silva Diniz Filho JF, dos Santos CC, Santos-Oliveira R, Simões Gaspar R, Rodrigues Sanches J, Araújo Serra Pinto B, de Andrade Paes AM, Alencar LMR. Diabetes and Cognitive Decline: An Innovative Approach to Analyzing the Biophysical and Vibrational Properties of the Hippocampus. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:40870-40881. [PMID: 39371966 PMCID: PMC11447714 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by high blood glucose levels, known as hyperglycemia. Diabetes represents a risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases worldwide, which leads to progressive mental, behavioral, and functional decline, affecting many brain structures, especially the hippocampus. Here, we aim to characterize the ultrastructural, nanomechanical, and vibrational changes in hyperglycemic hippocampal tissue using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. DM was induced in rats by streptozotocin injection (type 1) or dietary intervention (type 2). Cryosections of the hippocampus were prepared and analyzed on an MM8 AFM (Bruker) in Peak Force Quantitative Nanomechanics mode, performing 25 μm2 scans in 9 regions of 3 samples from each group. Ultrastructural and nanomechanical data such as surface roughness, area, volume, Young's modulus, and adhesion were evaluated. The hippocampal samples were also analyzed on a T64000 Spectrometer (Horiba), using a laser λ = 632.8 nm, and for each sample, four spectra were obtained in different regions. AFM analyses show changes on the ultrastructural scale since diabetic animals had hippocampal tissue with greater roughness and volume. Meanwhile, diabetic tissues had decreased adhesion and Young's modulus compared to control tissues. These were corroboratedby Raman data that shows changes in the molecular composition of diabetic tissues. The individual spectra show that the most significant changes are in the amide, cholesterol, and lipid bands. Overall, the data presented here show that hyperglycemia induces biophysical alterations in the hippocampal tissue of diabetic rats, providing novel biophysical and vibrational cues on the relationship between hyperglycemia and dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria
Do Socorro Do Nascimento Amorim
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
- Federal
University of Maranhão, University
School, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Erick Rafael Dias Rates
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - de Araujo Costa
Melo Isabela Vitoria
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Joel Félix Silva Diniz Filho
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Clenilton Costa dos Santos
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian
Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering
Institute, Rio de
Janeiro 21941906, Brazil
- Rio
de Janeiro State University, Laboratory
of Nanoradiopharmacy, Rio de Janeiro 23070200, Brazil
| | - Renato Simões Gaspar
- Campinas
State University, Translational Medicine
Department, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083888, Brazil
| | - Jonas Rodrigues Sanches
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental
Physiology, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Bruno Araújo Serra Pinto
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental
Physiology, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental
Physiology, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Luciana Magalhães Rebelo Alencar
- Federal
University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Olver DJ, Azam I, Benson JD. HepG2 cells undergo regulatory volume decrease by mechanically induced efflux of water and solutes. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024; 23:1781-1799. [PMID: 39012455 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-024-01868-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
This study challenges the conventional belief that animal cell membranes lack a significant hydrostatic gradient, particularly under anisotonic conditions, as demonstrated in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. The Boyle van't Hoff (BvH) relation describes volumetric equilibration to anisotonic conditions for many cells. However, the BvH relation is simple and does not include many cellular components such as the cytoskeleton and actin cortex, mechanosensitive channels, and ion pumps. Here we present alternative models that account for mechanical resistance to volumetric expansion, solute leakage, and active ion pumping. We found the BvH relation works well to describe hypertonic volume equilibration but not hypotonic volume equilibration. After anisotonic exposure and return isotonic conditions cell volumes were smaller than their initial isotonic volume, indicating solutes had leaked out of the cell during swelling. Finally, we observed HepG2 cells undergo regulatory volume decrease at both 20 °C and 4 °C, indicating regulatory volume decrease to be a relatively passive phenomenon and not driven by ion pumps. We determined the turgor-leak model, which accounts for mechanical resistance and solute leakage, best fits the observations found in the suite of experiments performed, while other models were rejected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic J Olver
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Iqra Azam
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - James D Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Olver DJ, Benson JD. Meta-analysis of the Boyle van 't Hoff relation: Turgor and leak models explain non-ideal volume equilibrium. Cryobiology 2023; 113:104581. [PMID: 37661046 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
There has been much recent attention paid to the interaction of cell volume, its regulation, and the molecular biology of the cell. Cells are generally assumed to behave as linear osmometers, with their water volume linearly proportionate to the inverse of osmotic pressure as described by the Boyle van 't Hoff (BvH) relation. This study evaluates the generality of this and other long-standing assumptions about cell responses to anisotonic conditions. We present alternative models that account for osmoregulation including mechanical resistance to volumetric expansion (the turgor model) and ion-osmolyte leakage (the leak model). To evaluate the generality of the BvH relation and determine the suitability of alternative models, we performed a comprehensive survey of the literature and a careful analysis of the resulting data, and then we used these data to compare among models. We identified 137 articles published from 1964 to 2019 spanning 14 animal species and 26 cell types and determined the BvH relation is not an appropriate general model but is adequate when restricted to the hypertonic region. In contrast, models that account for either mechanical resistance or ion-osmolyte leakage fit well to almost all collected data. The leak model has fitted parameters that are in the same range as the current literature estimate, while the turgor model typically requires an elastic modulus value of one or multiple orders of magnitude larger than literature values. However, confirmation of the underlying mechanism of osmotic regulation is required at the cell-specific level and cannot be assumed a priori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic J Olver
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - James D Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zdarta A, Kaczorek E. Nanomechanical changes in probiotic bacteria under antibiotics exposure: Implications on Lactobacillus biofilm formation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119533. [PMID: 37414100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of the microbial cell's surface constituents' biophysical properties is an important research topic, allowing a better understanding of the cell's behaviour under different conditions. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed in this study to analyse the basis of the nanomechanical changes in probiotic bacteria under nitrofurantoin, furazolidone, and nitrofurazone exposure. Recorded significant changes in the two Lactobacillus strains cells morphology, topography, and adhesion parameters resulted in the increase of the cells' longitude (up to 2.58 μm), profile height (by around 0.50 μm), and decrease in the adhesion force (up to 13.58 nN). Young's modulus and adhesion energy decreased within 96 h, however with no negative effect on the cells' morphology or loss of structural integrity. Observed modifications present the mode of action of the 5-nitrofuran derivative antibiotics on probiotic biofilm formation and suggest activation of the multilevel adaptation mechanisms to counteract unfavorable environments. A visual change in bacterial morphology such as an increased surface-to-volume ratio might be a link between molecular-level events and outcomes in individual cells and biofilms. This paper for the first time shows, that these antibiotics affect the properties of non-target microorganisms as lactobacilli, and might impair biofilm formation. However, the degree of such transformations depends on the delivered active substance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Savin N, Erofeev A, Gorelkin P. Analytical Models for Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Yeast. Cells 2023; 12:1946. [PMID: 37566025 PMCID: PMC10417110 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of yeast play an important role in many biological processes, such as cell division and growth, maintenance of internal pressure, and biofilm formation. In addition, the mechanical properties of cells can indicate the degree of damage caused by antifungal drugs, as the mechanical parameters of healthy and damaged cells are different. Over the past decades, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and micromanipulation have become the most widely used methods for evaluating the mechanical characteristics of microorganisms. In this case, the reliability of such an estimate depends on the choice of mathematical model. This review presents various analytical models developed in recent years for studying the mechanical properties of both cells and their individual structures. The main provisions of the applied approaches are described along with their limitations and advantages. Attention is paid to the innovative method of low-invasive nanomechanical mapping with scanning ion-conductance microscopy (SICM), which is currently starting to be successfully used in the discovery of novel drugs acting on the yeast cell wall and plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Savin
- Research Laboratory of Biophysics, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia;
| | - Alexander Erofeev
- Research Laboratory of Biophysics, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia;
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hakim Khalili M, Zhang R, Wilson S, Goel S, Impey SA, Aria AI. Additive Manufacturing and Physicomechanical Characteristics of PEGDA Hydrogels: Recent Advances and Perspective for Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2341. [PMID: 37242919 PMCID: PMC10221499 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this brief review, we discuss the recent advancements in using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. PEGDA hydrogels are highly attractive in biomedical and biotechnology fields due to their soft and hydrated properties that can replicate living tissues. These hydrogels can be manipulated using light, heat, and cross-linkers to achieve desirable functionalities. Unlike previous reviews that focused solely on material design and fabrication of bioactive hydrogels and their cell viability and interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM), we compare the traditional bulk photo-crosslinking method with the latest three-dimensional (3D) printing of PEGDA hydrogels. We present detailed evidence combining the physical, chemical, bulk, and localized mechanical characteristics, including their composition, fabrication methods, experimental conditions, and reported mechanical properties of bulk and 3D printed PEGDA hydrogels. Furthermore, we highlight the current state of biomedical applications of 3D PEGDA hydrogels in tissue engineering and organ-on-chip devices over the last 20 years. Finally, we delve into the current obstacles and future possibilities in the field of engineering 3D layer-by-layer (LbL) PEGDA hydrogels for tissue engineering and organ-on-chip devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hakim Khalili
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (M.H.K.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Rujing Zhang
- Sophion Bioscience A/S, Baltorpvej 154, 2750 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Sandra Wilson
- Sophion Bioscience A/S, Baltorpvej 154, 2750 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Saurav Goel
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Susan A. Impey
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (M.H.K.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Adrianus Indrat Aria
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (M.H.K.); (S.A.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Torres-Mansilla A, Hincke M, Voltes A, López-Ruiz E, Baldión PA, Marchal JA, Álvarez-Lloret P, Gómez-Morales J. Eggshell Membrane as a Biomaterial for Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061342. [PMID: 36987123 PMCID: PMC10057008 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical features of the avian eggshell membrane play an essential role in the process of calcium carbonate deposition during shell mineralization, giving rise to a porous mineralized tissue with remarkable mechanical properties and biological functions. The membrane could be useful by itself or as a bi-dimensional scaffold to build future bone-regenerative materials. This review focuses on the biological, physical, and mechanical properties of the eggshell membrane that could be useful for that purpose. Due to its low cost and wide availability as a waste byproduct of the egg processing industry, repurposing the eggshell membrane for bone bio-material manufacturing fulfills the principles of a circular economy. In addition, eggshell membrane particles have has the potential to be used as bio-ink for 3D printing of tailored implantable scaffolds. Herein, a literature review was conducted to ascertain the degree to which the properties of the eggshell membrane satisfy the requirements for the development of bone scaffolds. In principle, it is biocompatible and non-cytotoxic, and induces proliferation and differentiation of different cell types. Moreover, when implanted in animal models, it elicits a mild inflammatory response and displays characteristics of stability and biodegradability. Furthermore, the eggshell membrane possesses a mechanical viscoelastic behavior comparable to other collagen-based systems. Overall, the biological, physical, and mechanical features of the eggshell membrane, which can be further tuned and improved, make this natural polymer suitable as a basic component for developing new bone graft materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxwell Hincke
- Department of Innovation in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Ana Voltes
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, University Hospitals of Granada–University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab–Biofabrication and 3D (bio)Printing Singular Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
| | - Elena López-Ruiz
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, University Hospitals of Granada–University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab–Biofabrication and 3D (bio)Printing Singular Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Campus de las Lagunillas S/N, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Paula Alejandra Baldión
- Departamento de Salud Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, University Hospitals of Granada–University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab–Biofabrication and 3D (bio)Printing Singular Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro Álvarez-Lloret
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33005 Asturias, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.Á.-L.); (J.G.-M.)
| | - Jaime Gómez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalográficos IACT–CSIC–UGR, Avda. Las Palmeras, No. 4, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.Á.-L.); (J.G.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Benech JC, Romanelli G. Atomic force microscopy indentation for nanomechanical characterization of live pathological cardiovascular/heart tissue and cells. Micron 2022; 158:103287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2022.103287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
Shilova NF, Anisimova NS, Livny E, Malyugin BE. Effect of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Graft Storage Time on Graft Elasticity. Cornea 2022; 41:478-483. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
10
|
Turnbull IC, Zhu W, Stillitano F, Chien CC, Gaitas A. A micromachined force sensing apparatus and method for human engineered cardiac tissue and induced pluripotent stem cell characterization. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. A, PHYSICAL 2021; 331:112874. [PMID: 34305317 PMCID: PMC8294102 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2021.112874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell derived-cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) have great potential for cell therapy, drug assessment, and for understanding the pathophysiology and genetic underpinnings of cardiac diseases. Contraction forces are one of the most important characteristics of cardiac function and are predictors of healthy and diseased states. Cantilever techniques, such as atomic force microscopy, measure the vertical force of a single cell, while systems designed to more closely resemble the physical heart function, such as engineered cardiac tissue held by end-posts, measure the axial force. One important question is how do these two force measurements correlate? By establishing a correlation of the axial and vertical force, we will be one step closer in being able to use single cell iPSC-CMs as models. A novel micromachined sensor for measuring force contractions of engineered tissue has been developed. Using this novel sensor, a correlation between axial force and vertical force is experimentally established. This finding supports the use of vertical measurements as an alternative to tissue measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Weibin Zhu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | | | - Chen-Chi Chien
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Angelo Gaitas
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Agarwala PK, Aneja R, Kapoor S. Lipidomic landscape in cancer: Actionable insights for membrane-based therapy and diagnoses. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:983-1018. [PMID: 34719798 DOI: 10.1002/med.21868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells display altered cellular lipid metabolism, including disruption in endogenous lipid synthesis, storage, and exogenous uptake for membrane biogenesis and functions. Altered lipid metabolism and, consequently, lipid composition impacts cellular function by affecting membrane structure and properties, such as fluidity, rigidity, membrane dynamics, and lateral organization. Herein, we provide an overview of lipid membranes and how their properties affect cellular functions. We also detail how the rewiring of lipid metabolism impacts the lipidomic landscape of cancer cell membranes and influences the characteristics of cancer cells. Furthermore, we discuss how the altered cancer lipidome provides cues for developing lipid-inspired innovative therapeutic and diagnostic strategies while improving our limited understanding of the role of lipids in cancer initiation and progression. We also present the arcade of membrane characterization techniques to cement their relevance in cancer diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prema K Agarwala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.,Depertment of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sohrabi Kashani A, Packirisamy M. Cancer-Nano-Interaction: From Cellular Uptake to Mechanobiological Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9587. [PMID: 34502495 PMCID: PMC8431109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advancement of nanotechnology, the nano-bio-interaction field has emerged. It is essential to enhance our understanding of nano-bio-interaction in different aspects to design nanomedicines and improve their efficacy for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Many researchers have extensively studied the toxicological responses of cancer cells to nano-bio-interaction, while their mechanobiological responses have been less investigated. The mechanobiological properties of cells such as elasticity and adhesion play vital roles in cellular functions and cancer progression. Many studies have noticed the impacts of cellular uptake on the structural organization of cells and, in return, the mechanobiology of human cells. Mechanobiological changes induced by the interactions of nanomaterials and cells could alter cellular functions and influence cancer progression. Hence, in addition to biological responses, the possible mechanobiological responses of treated cells should be monitored as a standard methodology to evaluate the efficiency of nanomedicines. Studying the cancer-nano-interaction in the context of cell mechanics takes our knowledge one step closer to designing safe and intelligent nanomedicines. In this review, we briefly discuss how the characteristic properties of nanoparticles influence cellular uptake. Then, we provide insight into the mechanobiological responses that may occur during the nano-bio-interactions, and finally, the important measurement techniques for the mechanobiological characterizations of cells are summarized and compared. Understanding the unknown mechanobiological responses to nano-bio-interaction will help with developing the application of nanoparticles to modulate cell mechanics for controlling cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muthukumaran Packirisamy
- Optical Bio-Microsystem Lab, Micro-Nano-Bio-Integration Centre, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. W., Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bergman E, Goldbart R, Traitel T, Amar‐Lewis E, Zorea J, Yegodayev K, Alon I, Rankovic S, Krieger Y, Rousso I, Elkabets M, Kost J. Cell stiffness predicts cancer cell sensitivity to ultrasound as a selective superficial cancer therapy. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10226. [PMID: 34589601 PMCID: PMC8459597 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesize that the biomechanical properties of cells can predict their viability, with Young's modulus representing the former and cell sensitivity to ultrasound representing the latter. Using atomic force microscopy, we show that the Young's modulus stiffness measure is significantly lower for superficial cancer cells (squamous cell carcinomas and melanoma) compared with noncancerous keratinocyte cells. In vitro findings reveal a significant difference between cancerous and noncancerous cell viability at the four ultrasound energy levels evaluated, with different cell lines exhibiting different sensitivities to the same ultrasound intensity. Young's modulus correlates with cell viability (R 2 = 0.93), indicating that this single biomechanical property can predict cell sensitivity to ultrasound treatment. In mice, repeated ultrasound treatment inhibits tumor growth without damaging healthy skin tissue. Histopathological tumor analysis indicates ultrasound-induced focal necrosis at the treatment site. Our findings provide a strong rationale for developing ultrasound as a noninvasive selective treatment for superficial cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eden Bergman
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Riki Goldbart
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Tamar Traitel
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Eliz Amar‐Lewis
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Jonathan Zorea
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Ksenia Yegodayev
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Irit Alon
- Institute of PathologyBarzilai University Medical CenterAshkelonIsrael
- Department of Pathology, School of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShebaIsrael
| | - Sanela Rankovic
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Yuval Krieger
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit, Faculty of Health SciencesSoroka University Medical Center, Ben‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Itay Rousso
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Joseph Kost
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Han SJ, Noh M, Jang J, Lee JB, Kim KS. Electric fields regulate cellular elasticity through intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7450-7463. [PMID: 33993476 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cellular elasticity is a key factor related to a broad range of physiological and pathological processes. The elasticity of a single cell has thus emerged as a potential biomarker to characterize the cellular state. Both internal and external stimuli affect cellular elasticity, and changes in elasticity can cause alterations in cellular characteristics or function. The application of electric fields (EFs) is a promising method that can be used to change cellular elasticity; however, the mechanisms underlying its effect remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate EFs-induced elasticity changes in human dermal fibroblasts and discuss the underlying mechanism related to actin polymerization. Cellular elasticity increases after EF (50 mV/mm) stimulation, reaching a maximum at 30 min before decreasing between 30 and 120 min. The cellular elasticity under EF stimulation, regardless of stimulation time, is higher than that of the control. F-actin regulates the elasticity of cells through gelsolin activation. We show changes in intracellular Ca2+ caused by EFs, which induced gelsolin activation and F-actin content changes. This result demonstrates a series of processes in which external electrical stimulation conditions regulate cellular elasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se Jik Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjoo Noh
- Innovation Lab, Department of Innovation, Cosmax R&I Center, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Jihui Jang
- Innovation Lab, Department of Innovation, Cosmax R&I Center, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Jun Bae Lee
- Innovation Lab, Department of Innovation, Cosmax R&I Center, Gyeonggi do, Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kasas S, Malovichko A, Villalba MI, Vela ME, Yantorno O, Willaert RG. Nanomotion Detection-Based Rapid Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:287. [PMID: 33801939 PMCID: PMC7999052 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) could play a major role in fighting multidrug-resistant bacteria. Recently, it was discovered that all living organisms oscillate in the range of nanometers and that these oscillations, referred to as nanomotion, stop as soon the organism dies. This finding led to the development of rapid AST techniques based on the monitoring of these oscillations upon exposure to antibiotics. In this review, we explain the working principle of this novel technique, compare the method with current ASTs, explore its application and give some advice about its implementation. As an illustrative example, we present the application of the technique to the slowly growing and pathogenic Bordetella pertussis bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandor Kasas
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.M.); (M.I.V.)
- Unité Facultaire d’Anatomie et de Morphologie (UFAM), CUMRL, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL NanoBiotechnology and NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Anton Malovichko
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.M.); (M.I.V.)
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL NanoBiotechnology and NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Maria Ines Villalba
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.M.); (M.I.V.)
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL NanoBiotechnology and NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - María Elena Vela
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, and CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina;
| | - Osvaldo Yantorno
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI-CONICET-CCT La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina;
| | - Ronnie G. Willaert
- International Joint Research Group VUB-EPFL NanoBiotechnology and NanoMedicine (NANO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Research Group Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McCreery KP, Xu X, Scott AK, Fajrial AK, Calve S, Ding X, Neu CP. Nuclear Stiffness Decreases with Disruption of the Extracellular Matrix in Living Tissues. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006699. [PMID: 33470544 PMCID: PMC7891867 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between the cell nucleus and the extracellular matrix lead to macroscale tissue phenotype changes. However, little is known about how the extracellular matrix environment affects gene expression and cellular phenotype in the native tissue environment. Here, it is hypothesized that enzymatic disruption of the tissue matrix results in a softer tissue, affecting the stiffness of embedded cell and nuclear structures. The aim is to directly measure nuclear mechanics without perturbing the native tissue structure to better understand nuclear interplay with the cell and tissue microenvironments. To accomplish this, an atomic force microscopy needle-tip probe technique that probes nuclear stiffness in cultured cells to measure the nuclear envelope and cell membrane stiffness within native tissue is expanded. This technique is validated by imaging needle penetration and subsequent repair of the plasma and nuclear membranes of HeLa cells stably expressing the membrane repair protein CHMP4B-GFP. In the native tissue environment ex vivo, it is found that while enzymatic degradation of viable cartilage tissues with collagenase 3 (MMP-13) and aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS-4) decreased tissue matrix stiffness, cell and nuclear membrane stiffness is also decreased. Finally, the capability for cell and nucleus elastography using the AFM needle-tip technique is demonstrated. These results demonstrate disruption of the native tissue environment that propagates to the plasma membrane and interior nuclear envelope structures of viable cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin P. McCreery
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Adrienne K. Scott
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Apresio K. Fajrial
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Sarah Calve
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Corey P. Neu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Address correspondence to
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Molla MS, Katti DR, Katti KS. Mechanobiological evaluation of prostate cancer metastasis to bone using an in vitro prostate cancer testbed. J Biomech 2021; 114:110142. [PMID: 33290947 PMCID: PMC8281967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer exhibits a propensity to metastasize to the bone, which often leads to fatality. Bone metastasis is characterized by complex biochemical, morphological, pathophysiological, and genetic changes to cancer cells as they colonize at bone sites. In this study, we report the evaluation of MDA PCa2b prostate cancer cells' nanomechanical properties during the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) and during disease progression at the metastatic site. Bone-mimetic tissue-engineered 3D nanoclay scaffolds have been used to create in vitro metastatic site for prostate cancer. A significant softening of the prostate cancer cells during MET and further softening as disease progression occurs at metastasis is also reported. The significant reduction in elastic modulus of prostate cancer cells during MET was attributed to actin reorganization and depolymerization. This study provides input towards direct nanomechanical measurements to evaluate the time evolution of cells' mechanical behavior in tumors at bone metastasis site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahjahan Molla
- Center for Engineered Cancer Testbeds, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States; Biomedical Engineering, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States; Materials and Nanotechnology, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States.
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer Testbeds, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States; Biomedical Engineering, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States; Materials and Nanotechnology, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States.
| | - Kalpana S Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer Testbeds, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States; Biomedical Engineering, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States; Materials and Nanotechnology, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58104, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sone Y, Nogawa M, Asayama S. Designing a Bioinert Surface by Simple Coating with Cholesterol End-Modified Poly(ethylene glycol). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12045-12052. [PMID: 33002363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A bioinert surface has been designed by simple coating with cholesterol end-modified poly(ethylene glycol), Chol-U-Pr-mPEG, using a cholesterol anchor. A poly(propylene) (PP) surface was immersed into the Chol-U-Pr-mPEG aqueous solution, where control mPEGs without cholesterol were not suitable for the design of bioinert surfaces. The resulting surfaces coated with Chol-U-Pr-mPEG above and below its critical micelle concentration were swollen and less swollen, respectively. Chol-U-Pr-mPEG with a molecular weight of 2000, Chol-U-Pr-mPEG (2k), formed a swollen layer with a thickness of 10-15 nm and adhered to the PP surface with an estimated Kd value of 4.4×10-7 M. The resulting Chol-U-Pr-mPEG (2k)-coated surface with the swollen layer suppressed the adsorption of γ-globulin proteins and the adhesion of platelets in plasma. Although the PP surface coated with Chol-U-Pr-mPEG with a molecular weight of 5000, Chol-U-Pr-mPEG (5k), also suppressed the adsorption of γ-globulin proteins, the Chol-U-Pr-mPEG (5k)-coated PP surface did not suppress the adhesion of the platelets in plasma despite the existence of a swollen layer with a thickness of 20-25 nm. These results suggest that the Chol-U-Pr-mPEG-coated PP surface with an optimized swollen layer has been established as a bioinert surface by a facile method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sone
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nogawa
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, 2-1-67 Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Asayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ouyang M, Qian Z, Bu B, Jin Y, Wang J, Zhu Y, Liu L, Pan Y, Deng L. Sensing Traction Force on the Matrix Induces Cell-Cell Distant Mechanical Communications for Self-Assembly. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5833-5848. [PMID: 33320570 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The long-range biomechanical force propagating across a large scale may reserve the capability to trigger coordinative responses within cell population such as during angiogenesis, epithelial tubulogenesis, and cancer metastasis. How cells communicate in a distant manner within the group for self-assembly remains largely unknown. Here, we found that airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) rapidly self-assembled into a well-constructed network on 3D Matrigel containing type I collagen (COL), which relied on long-range biomechanical force across the matrix to direct cell-cell distant interactions. Similar results happened by HUVEC cells to mimic angiogenesis. Interestingly, single ASMCs initiated multiple extended protrusions precisely pointing to neighboring cells in distance (100-300 μm away or 5-10 folds of the diameter of a round single cell), depending on traction force sensing. Individual ASMCs mechanosensed each other to move directionally on both nonfibrous Matrigel only and Matrigel containing fibrous COL but lost mutual sensing on the cross-linked gel or coated glass due to no long-range force transmission. The bead tracking assay demonstrated distant transmission of traction force (up to 400 μm) during the matrix deformation, and finite element method modeling confirmed the consistency between maximum strain distribution on the matrix and cell directional movements in experiments. Furthermore, ASMCs recruited COL from the hydrogel to build a fibrous network to mechanically stabilize the cell network. Our results revealed principally that cells can sense traction force transmitted through the matrix to initiate cell-cell distant mechanical communications, resulting in cell directional migration and coordinated cell and COL self-assembly with active matrix remodeling. As an interesting phenomenon, cells seem to be able to "make a phone call" via long-range biomechanics, which implicates physiological importance such as for tissue pattern formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Ouyang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Zhili Qian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Bing Bu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| | - Linhong Deng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 213164, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kwon S, Yang W, Moon D, Kim KS. Comparison of Cancer Cell Elasticity by Cell Type. J Cancer 2020; 11:5403-5412. [PMID: 32742487 PMCID: PMC7391204 DOI: 10.7150/jca.45897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower cellular elasticity is a distinguishing feature of cancer cells compared with normal cells. To determine whether cellular elasticity differs based on cancer cell type, cells were selected from three different cancer types including breast, cervix, and lung. For each cancer type, one counterpart normal cell and three types of cancer cells were selected, and their elasticity was measured using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The elasticity of normal cells was in the order of MCF10A > WI-38 ≥ Ect1/E6E7 which corresponds to the counterpart normal breast, lung, and cervical cancer cells, respectively. All cancer cells exhibited lower elasticity than their counterpart normal cells. Compared with the counterpart normal cells, the difference in cellular elasticity was the greatest in cervical cancer cells, followed by lung and breast cancer cells. This result indicates lower elasticity is a unique property of cancer cells; however, the reduction in elasticity may depend on the histological origin of the cells. The F-actin cytoskeleton of cancer cells was different in structure and content from normal cells. The F-actin is mainly distributed at the periphery of cancer cells and its content was mostly lower than that seen in normal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochul Yang
- Department of Physics, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggerami Moon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-710, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ochbaum G, Chetrit E, Berkovich R, Bitton R. Effect of the C-terminal amino acid of the peptide on the structure and mechanical properties of alginate-peptide hydrogels across length-scales. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6155-6162. [PMID: 32555880 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00329h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is a natural anionic polysaccharide that exhibits excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Alginate hydrogels have many different applications in the field of regenerative medicine especially when peptides are conjugated to the alginate backbone. Here, we systematically investigate the effect of six arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-containing peptides, G6KRGDY/S, A6KRGDY/S and V6KRGDY/S, on the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties and spatial organization of alginate-peptides hydrogels. Using rheology, small angle X-ray scattering and nanoindentation measurements we show a strong correlation between the macroscopic-bulk properties and the microscopic-local properties of the alginate-peptide hydrogels. Furthermore, our results indicate that the identity of the amino acid at the C-terminal of the peptide plays a major role in determining the structure and mechanical properties of the hydrogel across length-scales, where the presence of tyrosine (Y) terminated peptides introduce more junction-zones and consequently larger stiffness than those terminated with serine (S).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Ochbaum
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel.
| | - Einat Chetrit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel.
| | - Ronen Berkovich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel. and Ilze Kats Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel. and Ilze Kats Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Han SJ, Moon D, Park MY, Kwon S, Noh M, Jang J, Lee JB, Kim KS. Electric field-induced changes in biomechanical properties in human dermal fibroblasts and a human skin equivalent. Skin Res Technol 2020; 26:914-922. [PMID: 32594564 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE An electric field (EF) can be used to change the mechanical properties of cells and skin tissues. We demonstrate EF-induced elasticity changes in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and a human skin equivalent and identify the underlying principles related to the changes. METHODS HDFs and human skin equivalent were stimulated with electric fields of 1.0 V/cm. Change in cellular elasticity was determined by using atomic force microscopy. Effects of EF on the biomechanical and chemical properties of a human skin equivalent were analyzed. In cells and tissues, the effects of EF on biomarkers of cellular elasticity were investigated at the gene and protein levels. RESULTS In HDFs, the cellular elasticity was increased and the expression of biomarkers of cellular elasticity was regulated by the EF. Expression of the collagen protein in the human skin equivalent was changed by EF stimulation; however, changes in density and microstructure of the collagen fibrils were not significant. The viscoelasticity of the human skin equivalent increased in response to EF stimulation, but molecular changes were not observed in collagen. CONCLUSIONS Elasticity of cells and human skin equivalent can be regulated by electrical stimulation. Especially, the change in cellular elasticity was dependent on cell age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se Jik Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donggerami Moon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon Young Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minjoo Noh
- Department of Innovation, Innovation Lab, Cosmax R&I Center, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jihui Jang
- Department of Innovation, Innovation Lab, Cosmax R&I Center, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jun Bae Lee
- Department of Innovation, Innovation Lab, Cosmax R&I Center, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Buchroithner B, Hartmann D, Mayr S, Oh YJ, Sivun D, Karner A, Buchegger B, Griesser T, Hinterdorfer P, Klar TA, Jacak J. 3D multiphoton lithography using biocompatible polymers with specific mechanical properties. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2422-2428. [PMID: 36133392 PMCID: PMC9418552 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00154f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of two- and three-dimensional scaffolds mimicking the extracellular matrix and providing cell stimulation is of high importance in biology and material science. We show two new, biocompatible polymers, which can be 3D structured via multiphoton lithography, and determine their mechanical properties. Atomic force microscopy analysis of structures with sub-micron feature sizes reveals Young's modulus values in the 100 MPa range. Assessment of biocompatibility of the new resins was done by cultivating human umbilical vein endothelial cells on two-dimensionally structured substrates for four days. The cell density and presence of apoptotic cells has been quantified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Buchroithner
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences Garnison Str. 21 4020 Linz Austria
| | - Delara Hartmann
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet Leoben Otto-Glöckel Str. 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Sandra Mayr
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences Garnison Str. 21 4020 Linz Austria
| | - Yoo Jin Oh
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz Gruberstr. 40 4020 Linz Austria
| | - Dmitry Sivun
- Institute of Applied Physics and Linz Institute of Technology LIT, Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Andreas Karner
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences Garnison Str. 21 4020 Linz Austria
| | - Bianca Buchegger
- Institute of Applied Physics and Linz Institute of Technology LIT, Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Thomas Griesser
- Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet Leoben Otto-Glöckel Str. 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Peter Hinterdorfer
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz Gruberstr. 40 4020 Linz Austria
| | - Thomas A Klar
- Institute of Applied Physics and Linz Institute of Technology LIT, Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Jaroslaw Jacak
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences Garnison Str. 21 4020 Linz Austria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shi Y, Cai M, Zhou L, Wang H. Measurement of mechanical properties of naked cell membranes using atomic force microscope puncture test. Talanta 2020; 210:120637. [PMID: 31987211 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell membrane defines the physical boundary of the cell, maintains their shape and volume, and meanwhile dominates the cells response to mechanical force. There are many limitations in the mechanical analysis of naked cell membrane, such as cell condition, the supporting of cytoskeleton and cytoplasm. To reduce these influences, non-supported membrane was prepared on high-ordered pore array silicon substrate. Rupture forces and Young's modulus of three non-supported membranes, red blood cell membrane, somatic cell (MDCK) membrane and phospholipids membrane, are obtained quantitatively using AFM puncture tests. Results indicate that the sequence of both rupture forces and Young's modulus of the three membranes is MDCK cell membrane > red blood cell membrane > phospholipids membrane. The determinant of naked cell membrane's mechanical properties is the constituent of membrane itself, including the quantity and distribution of membrane proteins. Focused on the distribution of membrane proteins, two proposed models of cell membrane-the semi-mosaic model of red blood cell membrane and the Protein Layer-Lipid-Protein Island (PLLPI) model of nucleated mammalian cell membrane can be used to explain the different mechanical properties of naked cell membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Mingjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Lulu Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Korayem MH, Heidary K, Rastegar Z. The head and neck cancer (HN-5) cell line properties extraction by AFM. J Biol Eng 2020; 14:10. [PMID: 32206087 PMCID: PMC7079545 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-020-00233-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This work incorporates experimental methods based on Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in order to extract the physical and mechanical characteristics of the head and neck cancer (HN-5) cell line such as cell topography, modulus of elasticity and viscoelastic properties. The initial parameters to determine the mechanical properties are obtained by extracting information from cantilever's force-displacement curve and vertical and horizontal displacement. Next, the changes in elasticity modulus at different points in the cell are attained using the experimental results, followed by studying the differences of these properties at various spots of the cell. Furthermore, cellular folding factor is calculated as a significant property in diagnosing the extent of cancer progression. Moreover, parameters such as adhesion and intermolecular forces are measured which are involved in the first phase of manipulation and during the application of the cantilever force to the particle. Finally, after calculating the indentation depth and contact radius using contact theories, critical manipulation time and force are obtained. Through modeling the cell, the creep function, the spring constant and the damping coefficient corresponding to the cell, are also extracted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Korayem
- 1Robotic Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and Dynamics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 16846 Iran
| | - K Heidary
- 2Department of Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Sciences & Research Branch, Hesarak, Tehran, 1477893855 Iran
| | - Z Rastegar
- 3School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 16846 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kiio TM, Park S. Nano-scientific Application of Atomic Force Microscopy in Pathology: from Molecules to Tissues. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:844-858. [PMID: 32308537 PMCID: PMC7163363 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.41805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The advantages of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in biological research are its high imaging resolution, sensitivity, and ability to operate in physiological conditions. Over the past decades, rigorous studies have been performed to determine the potential applications of AFM techniques in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Many pathological conditions are accompanied by alterations in the morphology, adhesion properties, mechanical compliances, and molecular composition of cells and tissues. The accurate determination of such alterations can be utilized as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. Alteration in cell morphology represents changes in cell structure and membrane proteins induced by pathologic progression of diseases. Mechanical compliances are also modulated by the active rearrangements of cytoskeleton or extracellular matrix triggered by disease pathogenesis. In addition, adhesion is a critical step in the progression of many diseases including infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent advances in AFM techniques have demonstrated their ability to obtain molecular composition as well as topographic information. The quantitative characterization of molecular alteration in biological specimens in terms of disease progression provides a new avenue to understand the underlying mechanisms of disease onset and progression. In this review, we have highlighted the application of diverse AFM techniques in pathological investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Soyeun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pleskova S, Kryukov R, Boryakov A, Gorshkova E. Neodymium-containing contrast induces mummification of neutrophil granulocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113664. [PMID: 31841762 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, chemical compounds containing lanthanides were used in various fields of biology and medicine. It has been described that such compounds can be applied in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to increase the contrast and simplify the sample preparation process due to the process of replacing calcium with lanthanides in cell. However cell death by different mechanisms under influence of lanthanides seems possible. Here, we described that mummification process is a cell death physiologically realized in time: some time after lanthanide contrasting, the cell remains metabolically active and is able to biochemically transform neodymium-containing contrast, oxidize it and form large agglomerates. A distinctive feature of mummification induced by neodymium-containing contrast (NCC) is the formation of a high-rigid oxygen-containing "shield" on the surface of a neutrophil granulocyte.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Pleskova
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; Alexeev Technical State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, 24 Minina St., Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Ruslan Kryukov
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Boryakov
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Gorshkova
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, 23 Gagarin Ave., Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Job Opening for Nucleosome Mechanic: Flexibility Required. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030580. [PMID: 32121488 PMCID: PMC7140402 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus has been studied for well over 100 years, and chromatin has been the intense focus of experiments for decades. In this review, we focus on an understudied aspect of chromatin biology, namely the chromatin fiber polymer’s mechanical properties. In recent years, innovative work deploying interdisciplinary approaches including computational modeling, in vitro manipulations of purified and native chromatin have resulted in deep mechanistic insights into how the mechanics of chromatin might contribute to its function. The picture that emerges is one of a nucleus that is shaped as much by external forces pressing down upon it, as internal forces pushing outwards from the chromatin. These properties may have evolved to afford the cell a dynamic and reversible force-induced communication highway which allows rapid coordination between external cues and internal genomic function.
Collapse
|
29
|
Galván-Hernández A, Kobayashi N, Hernández-Cobos J, Antillón A, Nakabayashi S, Ortega-Blake I. Morphology and dynamics of domains in ergosterol or cholesterol containing membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
30
|
Visser MJ, Pretorius E. Atomic Force Microscopy: The Characterisation of Amyloid Protein Structure in Pathology. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2958-2973. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191121143240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
:
Proteins are versatile macromolecules that perform a variety of functions and participate in
virtually all cellular processes. The functionality of a protein greatly depends on its structure and alterations
may result in the development of diseases. Most well-known of these are protein misfolding disorders,
which include Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus, where
soluble proteins transition into insoluble amyloid fibrils. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is capable of
providing a topographical map of the protein and/or its aggregates, as well as probing the nanomechanical
properties of a sample. Moreover, AFM requires relatively simple sample preparation, which presents
the possibility of combining this technique with other research modalities, such as confocal laser
scanning microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and stimulated emission depletion microscopy. In this review,
the basic principles of AFM are discussed, followed by a brief overview of how it has been applied
in biological research. Finally, we focus specifically on its use as a characterisation method to
study protein structure at the nanoscale in pathophysiological conditions, considering both molecules
implicated in disease pathogenesis and the plasma protein fibrinogen. In conclusion, AFM is a userfriendly
tool that supplies multi-parametric data, rendering it a most valuable technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J.E. Visser
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Offroy M, Razafitianamaharavo A, Beaussart A, Pagnout C, Duval JFL. Fast automated processing of AFM PeakForce curves to evaluate spatially resolved Young modulus and stiffness of turgescent cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19258-19275. [PMID: 35515432 PMCID: PMC9054095 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00669f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique for the measurement of mechanical properties of individual cells in two (x × y) or three (x × y × time) dimensions. The instrumental progress makes it currently possible to generate a large amount of data in a relatively short time, which is particularly true for AFM operating in so-called PeakForce tapping mode (Bruker corporation). The latter corresponds to an AFM probe that periodically hits the sample surface while the pico-newton level interaction force is recorded from cantilever deflection. The method provides unprecedented high-resolution (a few tens of nm) imaging of the mechanical features of soft biological samples (e.g. bacteria, yeasts) and of hard abiotic surfaces (e.g. minerals). The rapid conversion of up to several tens of thousands spatially resolved force curves typically collected in AFM PeakForce tapping mode over a given cell surface area into comprehensive nanomechanical information requires the development of robust data analysis methodologies and dedicated numerical tools. In this work, we report an automated algorithm for (i) a rapid and unambiguous detection of the indentation regimes corresponding to non-linear and linear deformations of bacterial surfaces upon compression by the AFM probe, (ii) the subsequent evaluation of the Young modulus and cell surface stiffness, and (iii) the generation of spatial mappings of relevant nanomechanical properties at the single cell level. The procedure involves consistent evaluation of the contact point between the AFM probe and sample biosurface and that of the threshold indentation value marking the transition between non-linear and linear deformation regimes. For comparison purposes, the former regime is here analyzed on the basis of Hertz and Sneddon models corrected or not for effects of finite sample thickness. Analysis of AFM measurements performed on a selected Escherichia coli strain is detailed to demonstrate the feasibility, rapidity and robustness of the here-proposed PeakForce data treatment process. The flexibility of the algorithm allows consideration of force curve parameterizations other than that detailed here, which may be desired for investigation of e.g. eukaryotes nanomechanics. The performance of the adopted Hertz-based and Sneddon-based contact mechanics formalisms in recovering experimental data and in identifying nanomechanical heterogeneities at the bacterium scale is further thoroughly discussed. A numerical method is proposed for the modeling of AFM PeakForce curves and the automated extraction of relevant spatially-resolved nanomechanical properties of turgescent cells.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Offroy
- Université de Lorraine
- CNRS
- LIEC
- F-54000 Nancy
- France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bartolozzi A, Viti F, De Stefano S, Sbrana F, Petecchia L, Gavazzo P, Vassalli M. Development of label-free biophysical markers in osteogenic maturation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103581. [PMID: 32090910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The spatial and temporal changes of morphological and mechanical properties of living cells reflect complex functionally-associated processes. Monitoring these modifications could provide a direct information on the cellular functional state. Here we present an integrated biophysical approach to the quantification of the morphological and mechanical phenotype of single cells along a maturation pathway. Specifically, quantitative phase microscopy and single cell biomechanical testing were applied to the characterization of the maturation of human foetal osteoblasts, demonstrating the ability to identify effective label-free biomarkers along this fundamental biological process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Bartolozzi
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Genoa, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Federica Viti
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Silvia De Stefano
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Sbrana
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Genoa, Italy; Schaefer South-East Europe Srl, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Loredana Petecchia
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Gavazzo
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Vassalli
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Melters DP, Pitman M, Rakshit T, Dimitriadis EK, Bui M, Papoian GA, Dalal Y. Intrinsic elasticity of nucleosomes is encoded by histone variants and calibrated by their binding partners. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:24066-24074. [PMID: 31712435 PMCID: PMC6883791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911880116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone variants fine-tune transcription, replication, DNA damage repair, and faithful chromosome segregation. Whether and how nucleosome variants encode unique mechanical properties to their cognate chromatin structures remains elusive. Here, using in silico and in vitro nanoindentation methods, extending to in vivo dissections, we report that histone variant nucleosomes are intrinsically more elastic than their canonical counterparts. Furthermore, binding proteins, which discriminate between histone variant nucleosomes, suppress this innate elasticity and also compact chromatin. Interestingly, when we overexpress the binding proteins in vivo, we also observe increased compaction of chromatin enriched for histone variant nucleosomes, correlating with diminished access. Taken together, these data suggest a plausible link between innate mechanical properties possessed by histone variant nucleosomes, the adaptability of chromatin states in vivo, and the epigenetic plasticity of the underlying locus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniël P Melters
- Laboratory Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Mary Pitman
- Laboratory Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Tatini Rakshit
- Laboratory Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Emilios K Dimitriadis
- Scanning Probe Microscopy Unit, Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Minh Bui
- Laboratory Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Garegin A Papoian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
| | - Yamini Dalal
- Laboratory Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892;
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Basavalingappa V, Bera S, Xue B, Azuri I, Tang Y, Tao K, Shimon LJW, Sawaya MR, Kolusheva S, Eisenberg DS, Kronik L, Cao Y, Wei G, Gazit E. Mechanically rigid supramolecular assemblies formed from an Fmoc-guanine conjugated peptide nucleic acid. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5256. [PMID: 31748568 PMCID: PMC6868146 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13250-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The variety and complexity of DNA-based structures make them attractive candidates for nanotechnology, yet insufficient stability and mechanical rigidity, compared to polyamide-based molecules, limit their application. Here, we combine the advantages of polyamide materials and the structural patterns inspired by nucleic-acids to generate a mechanically rigid fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-guanine peptide nucleic acid (PNA) conjugate with diverse morphology and photoluminescent properties. The assembly possesses a unique atomic structure, with each guanine head of one molecule hydrogen bonded to the Fmoc carbonyl tail of another molecule, generating a non-planar cyclic quartet arrangement. This structure exhibits an average stiffness of 69.6 ± 6.8 N m-1 and Young's modulus of 17.8 ± 2.5 GPa, higher than any previously reported nucleic acid derived structure. This data suggests that the unique cation-free "basket" formed by the Fmoc-G-PNA conjugate can serve as an attractive component for the design of new materials based on PNA self-assembly for nanotechnology applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasantha Basavalingappa
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Santu Bera
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bin Xue
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ido Azuri
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovoth, Israel
| | - Yiming Tang
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Tao
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Linda J W Shimon
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovoth, Israel
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA-DOE Institute, Departments of Biological Chemistry and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sofiya Kolusheva
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA-DOE Institute, Departments of Biological Chemistry and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovoth, Israel
| | - Yi Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghong Wei
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Horvath AN, Holenstein CN, Silvan U, Snedeker JG. The Protein Mat(ters)-Revealing the Biologically Relevant Mechanical Contribution of Collagen- and Fibronectin-Coated Micropatterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:41791-41798. [PMID: 31589401 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding cell-material interactions requires accurate characterization of the substrate mechanics, which are generally measured by indentation-type atomic force microscopy. To facilitate cell-substrate interaction, model extracellular matrix coatings are used although their tensile mechanical properties are generally unknown. In this study, beyond standard compressive stiffness estimation, we performed a novel tensile mechanical characterization of collagen- and fibronectin-micropatterned polyacrylamide hydrogels. We further demonstrate the impact of the protein mat on the tensile stiffness characterization of adherent cells. To our knowledge, our study is the first to uncover direction-dependent mechanical behavior of the protein coatings and to demonstrate that it affects cellular response relative to substrate mechanics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aron N Horvath
- Biomechanics Laboratory , University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
- Institute for Biomechanics , ETH Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Claude N Holenstein
- Biomechanics Laboratory , University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
- Institute for Biomechanics , ETH Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Unai Silvan
- Biomechanics Laboratory , University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
- Institute for Biomechanics , ETH Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Jess G Snedeker
- Biomechanics Laboratory , University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
- Institute for Biomechanics , ETH Zurich , 8008 Zurich , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abdallah M, Martin M, El Tahchi MR, Balme S, Faour WH, Varga B, Cloitre T, Páll O, Cuisinier FJG, Gergely C, Bassil MJ, Bechelany M. Influence of Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Stiffness on Podocyte Morphology, Phenotype, and Mechanical Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32623-32632. [PMID: 31424195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is characterized by a gradual decline in renal function that progresses toward end-stage renal disease. Podocytes are highly specialized glomerular epithelial cells which form with the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and capillary endothelium the glomerular filtration barrier. GBM is an extracellular matrix (ECM) that acts as a mechanical support and provides biophysical signals that control normal podocytes behavior in the process of glomerular filtration. Thus, the ECM stiffness represents an essential characteristic that controls podocyte function. Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels are smart polyelectrolyte materials. Their biophysical properties can be tuned as desired to mimic the natural ECM. Therefore, these hydrogels are investigated as new ECM-like constructs to engineer a podocyte-like basement membrane that forms with cultured human podocytes a functional glomerular-like filtration barrier. Such ECM-like PAAm hydrogel construct will provide unique opportunity to reveal podocyte cell biological responses in an in vivo-like setting by controlling the physical properties of the PAAm membranes. In this work, Hydrolyzed PAAm scaffolds having different stiffness ranging between 0.6-44 kPa are prepared. The correlation between the hydrogel structural and mechanical properties and Podocyte morphology, elasticity, cytoskeleton reorganization, and podocin expression is evaluated. Results show that hydrolyzed PAAm hydrogels promote good cell adhesion and growth and are suitable materials for the development of future 3D smart scaffolds. In addition, the hydrogel properties can be easily modulated over a wide physiological range by controlling the cross-linker concentration. Finally, tuning the hydrogel properties is an effective strategy to control the cells function. This work addressed the complexity of podocytes behavior which will further enhance our knowledge to develop a kidney-on-chip model much needed in kidney function studies in both healthy and diseased states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Abdallah
- Institut Européen des Membranes, ENSCM, CNRS , Université de Montpellier , Montpellier 34090 , France
- Biomaterials and Intelligent Materials Research Laboratory (LBMI) , Lebanese University , Faculty of Sciences 2, Physic Department , Jdeidet 90656 , Lebanon
| | - Marta Martin
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb , Université de Montpellier , CNRS , Montpellier 34095 , France
| | - Mario R El Tahchi
- Biomaterials and Intelligent Materials Research Laboratory (LBMI) , Lebanese University , Faculty of Sciences 2, Physic Department , Jdeidet 90656 , Lebanon
| | - Sebastien Balme
- Institut Européen des Membranes, ENSCM, CNRS , Université de Montpellier , Montpellier 34090 , France
| | - Wissam H Faour
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine , Lebanese American University , P.O. Box 36 , Byblos , Lebanon
| | - Béla Varga
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb , Université de Montpellier , CNRS , Montpellier 34095 , France
| | - Thierry Cloitre
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb , Université de Montpellier , CNRS , Montpellier 34095 , France
| | - Orsolya Páll
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanosciences , Université de Montpellier , Montpellier 34090 , France
| | - Frédéric J G Cuisinier
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanosciences , Université de Montpellier , Montpellier 34090 , France
| | - Csilla Gergely
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb , Université de Montpellier , CNRS , Montpellier 34095 , France
| | - Maria J Bassil
- Biomaterials and Intelligent Materials Research Laboratory (LBMI) , Lebanese University , Faculty of Sciences 2, Physic Department , Jdeidet 90656 , Lebanon
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, ENSCM, CNRS , Université de Montpellier , Montpellier 34090 , France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Spronck B, Humphrey JD. Arterial Stiffness: Different Metrics, Different Meanings. J Biomech Eng 2019; 141:091004. [PMID: 30985880 PMCID: PMC6808013 DOI: 10.1115/1.4043486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Findings from basic science and clinical studies agree that arterial stiffness is fundamental to both the mechanobiology and the biomechanics that dictate vascular health and disease. There is, therefore, an appropriately growing literature on arterial stiffness. Perusal of the literature reveals, however, that many different methods and metrics are used to quantify arterial stiffness, and reported values often differ by orders of magnitude and have different meanings. Without clear definitions and an understanding of possible inter-relations therein, it is increasingly difficult to integrate results from the literature to glean true understanding. In this paper, we briefly review methods that are used to infer values of arterial stiffness that span studies on isolated cells, excised intact vessels, and clinical assessments. We highlight similarities and differences and identify a single theoretical approach that can be used across scales and applications and thus could help to unify future results. We conclude by emphasizing the need to move toward a synthesis of many disparate reports, for only in this way will we be able to move from our current fragmented understanding to a true appreciation of how vascular cells maintain, remodel, or repair the arteries that are fundamental to cardiovascular properties and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Yale University,
New Haven, CT 06520
| | - J. D. Humphrey
- Fellow ASME
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Yale University,
New Haven, CT 06520;
Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program,
Yale School of Medicine,
New Haven, CT 06520
e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rusaczonek M, Zapotoczny B, Szymonski M, Konior J. Application of a layered model for determination of the elasticity of biological systems. Micron 2019; 124:102705. [PMID: 31252332 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2019.102705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Elasticity of biological systems is considered to be an important property that might be related to functional or pathological changes. Therefore, careful study and detailed understanding of cell and tissue elasticity is crucial for correct description of their functioning. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique, which allows for determination of the physical properties, such as elasticity, of soft-matter systems in nano-scale. An important step in AFM elasticity studies is a proper interpretation of experimental data. Two most frequently used theoretical schemes applied to determine elasticity are due to Hertz and Sneddon, which are effectively one-parameter models. In this work, we go beyond this approach. Firstly, as elasticity is a local property, we extract from the slope of experimental force-indentation curve an elasticity parameter, which varies with indentation depth. Then secondly, we find best approximation of this parameter by applying the two-layer model with four effective parameters, as proposed by Kovalev. This method is employed to the experimental data taken on murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease model. The obtained results show additional effects, not seen within the traditional, simplified scheme. Namely, the elasticity of the first layer does not change its value in the model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but the increase of stiffness is noticed in second layer. The second goal of this article is to reveal and discuss the differences between traditional approaches and the one being presented. The deviations from the original assumptions are analysed and the corresponding restrictions on utility of theoretical models are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Rusaczonek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Department of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
| | - B Zapotoczny
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Department of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - M Szymonski
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Department of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - J Konior
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Department of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gunnoo M, Cazade PA, Orlowski A, Chwastyk M, Liu H, Ta DT, Cieplak M, Nash M, Thompson D. Steered molecular dynamics simulations reveal the role of Ca 2+ in regulating mechanostability of cellulose-binding proteins. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 20:22674-22680. [PMID: 30132772 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00925b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of cellulosic biomass into biofuels requires degradation of the biomass into fermentable sugars. The most efficient natural cellulase system for carrying out this conversion is an extracellular multi-enzymatic complex named the cellulosome. In addition to temperature and pH stability, mechanical stability is important for functioning of cellulosome domains, and experimental techniques such as Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy (SMFS) have been used to measure the mechanical strength of several cellulosomal proteins. Molecular dynamics computer simulations provide complementary atomic-resolution quantitative maps of domain mechanical stability for identification of experimental leads for protein stabilization. In this study, we used multi-scale steered molecular dynamics computer simulations, benchmarked against new SMFS measurements, to measure the intermolecular contacts that confer high mechanical stability to a family 3 Carbohydrate Binding Module protein (CBM3) derived from the archetypal Clostridium thermocellum cellulosome. Our data predicts that electrostatic interactions in the calcium binding pocket modulate the mechanostability of the cellulose-binding module, which provides an additional design rule for the rational re-engineering of designer cellulosomes for biotechnology. Our data offers new molecular insights into the origins of mechanostability in cellulose binding domains and gives leads for synthesis of more robust cellulose-binding protein modules. On the other hand, simulations predict that insertion of a flexible strand can promote alternative unfolding pathways and dramatically reduce the mechanostability of the carbohydrate binding module, which gives routes to rational design of tailormade fingerprint complexes for force spectroscopy experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissabye Gunnoo
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang S, Wang Y, Wu X, Sheng S, Wang T, Zan X. Multifunctional Tannic Acid (TA) and Lysozyme (Lys) Films Built Layer by Layer for Potential Application on Implant Coating. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3582-3594. [PMID: 33405740 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A multifunctional (TA/Lys)n film, featuring good antioxidant property, fast cell attachment at the initial stage, enhanced osteogenesis, and broad-spectrum antibacterial property, was constructed by the layer-by-layer (LBL) method. The building process was monitored by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D); the physical properties, such as topography, stiffness in dry and liquid state, and conformation of Lys in the film, were thoroughly characterized. These physical properties were modulated by varying the salt concentration at which the film was constructed. The film not only allows for favorable cell attachment and proliferation of preosteoblasts Mc3t3-E1 but also provides antibacterial property against Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus and M. lysodeikticus, and Gram-negative bacteria, E. coli. It also displays good antioxidant property, which plays a critical role on fast cell attachment at the initial stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuoshuo Yang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China.,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, PR China.,Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu Uniersity, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Sunren Sheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, PR China.,Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, PR China
| | - Xingjie Zan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, PR China.,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, PR China.,Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Öhlinger K, Kolesnik T, Meindl C, Gallé B, Absenger-Novak M, Kolb-Lenz D, Fröhlich E. Air-liquid interface culture changes surface properties of A549 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 60:369-382. [PMID: 31233786 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A549 cells are common models in the assessment of respiratory cytotoxicity. To provide physiologically more representative exposure conditions and increase the differentiation state, respiratory cells, for instance Calu-3 bronchial epithelial cells, are cultured at an air-liquid interface (ALI). There are indications that A549 cells also change their phenotype upon culture in ALI. The influence of culture in two variations of transwell cultures compared to conventional culture in plastic wells on the phenotype of A549 cells was studied. Cells were characterized by morphology, proliferation and transepithelial electrical resistance, whole genome transcription analysis, Western blot and immunocytochemical detection of pro-surfactant proteins. Furthermore, lipid staining, surface morphology, cell elasticity, surface tension and reaction to quartz particles were performed. Relatively small changes were noted in the expression of differentiation markers for alveolar cells but A549 cells cultured in ALI showed marked differences in lipid staining and surface morphology, surface tension and cytotoxicity of quartz particles. Data show that changes in physiological reactions of A549 cells in ALI culture were rather caused by change of surface properties than by increased expression of surfactant proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Öhlinger
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tatjana Kolesnik
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Claudia Meindl
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Gallé
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Absenger-Novak
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb-Lenz
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sardelli L, Pacheco DP, Zorzetto L, Rinoldi C, Święszkowski W, Petrini P. Engineering biological gradients. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2019; 17:2280800019829023. [PMID: 30803308 DOI: 10.1177/2280800019829023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological gradients profoundly influence many cellular activities, such as adhesion, migration, and differentiation, which are the key to biological processes, such as inflammation, remodeling, and tissue regeneration. Thus, engineered structures containing bioinspired gradients can not only support a better understanding of these phenomena, but also guide and improve the current limits of regenerative medicine. In this review, we outline the challenges behind the engineering of devices containing chemical-physical and biomolecular gradients, classifying them according to gradient-making methods and the finalities of the systems. Different manufacturing processes can generate gradients in either in-vitro systems or scaffolds, which are suitable tools for the study of cellular behavior and for regenerative medicine; within these, rapid prototyping techniques may have a huge impact on the controlled production of gradients. The parallel need to develop characterization techniques is addressed, underlining advantages and weaknesses in the analysis of both chemical and physical gradients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Sardelli
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - D P Pacheco
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - L Zorzetto
- 2 Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - C Rinoldi
- 3 Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
| | - W Święszkowski
- 3 Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
| | - P Petrini
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Senapati S, Poma AB, Cieplak M, Filipek S, Park PSH. Differentiating between Inactive and Active States of Rhodopsin by Atomic Force Microscopy in Native Membranes. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7226-7235. [PMID: 31074606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane proteins, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), present a challenge in studying their structural properties under physiological conditions. Moreover, to better understand the activity of proteins requires examination of single molecule behaviors rather than ensemble averaged behaviors. Force-distance curve-based AFM (FD-AFM) was utilized to directly probe and localize the conformational states of a GPCR within the membrane at nanoscale resolution based on the mechanical properties of the receptor. FD-AFM was applied to rhodopsin, the light receptor and a prototypical GPCR, embedded in native rod outer segment disc membranes from photoreceptor cells of the retina in mice. Both FD-AFM and computational studies on coarse-grained models of rhodopsin revealed that the active state of the receptor has a higher Young's modulus compared to the inactive state of the receptor. Thus, the inactive and active states of rhodopsin could be differentiated based on the stiffness of the receptor. Differentiating the states based on the Young's modulus allowed for the mapping of the different states within the membrane. Quantifying the active states present in the membrane containing the constitutively active G90D rhodopsin mutant or apoprotein opsin revealed that most receptors adopt an active state. Traditionally, constitutive activity of GPCRs has been described in terms of two-state models where the receptor can achieve only a single active state. FD-AFM data are inconsistent with a two-state model but instead require models that incorporate multiple active states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Senapati
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Adolfo B Poma
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research , Polish Academy of Sciences , Pawińskiego 5B , 02-106 Warsaw , Poland.,Institute of Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Aleja Lotników 32/46 , 02-668 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Marek Cieplak
- Institute of Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , Aleja Lotników 32/46 , 02-668 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Sławomir Filipek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre , University of Warsaw , 02-093 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Paul S H Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cárdenas-Pérez S, Chanona-Pérez JJ, Méndez-Méndez JV, Arzate-Vázquez I, Hernández-Varela JD, Vera NG. Recent advances in atomic force microscopy for assessing the nanomechanical properties of food materials. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
45
|
Dagro AM, Ramesh KT. Nonlinear contact mechanics for the indentation of hyperelastic cylindrical bodies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42558-019-0006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
46
|
Nikolajević Starčević J, Janić M, Šabovič M. Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Diastolic Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051197. [PMID: 30857271 PMCID: PMC6429211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In diabetic patients, cardiomyopathy is an important cause of heart failure, but its pathophysiology has not been completely understood thus far. Myocardial hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction have been considered the hallmarks of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), while systolic function is affected in the latter stages of the disease. In this article we propose the potential pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for myocardial hypertrophy and increased myocardial stiffness leading to diastolic dysfunction in this specific entity. According to our model, increased myocardial stiffness results from both cellular and extracellular matrix stiffness as well as cell–matrix interactions. Increased intrinsic cardiomyocyte stiffness is probably the most important contributor to myocardial stiffness. It results from the impairment in cardiomyocyte cytoskeleton. Several other mechanisms, specifically affected by diabetes, seem to also be significantly involved in myocardial stiffening, i.e., impairment in the myocardial nitric oxide (NO) pathway, coronary microvascular dysfunction, increased inflammation and oxidative stress, and myocardial sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2)-mediated effects. Better understanding of the complex pathophysiology of DCM suggests the possible value of drugs targeting the listed mechanisms. Antidiabetic drugs, NO-stimulating agents, anti-inflammatory agents, and SGLT-2 inhibitors are emerging as potential treatment options for DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Nikolajević Starčević
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7; SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Miodrag Janić
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7; SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mišo Šabovič
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7; SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Shen T, Benet E, Sridhar SL, Abadie J, Piat E, Vernerey FJ. Separating the contributions of zona pellucida and cytoplasm in the viscoelastic response of human oocytes. Acta Biomater 2019; 85:253-262. [PMID: 30593888 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The successful characterization of the mechanical properties of human oocytes and young embryos is of crucial relevance to reduce the risk of pregnancy arrest in in-vitro fertilization processes. Unfortunately, current study has been hindered by the lack of accuracy in describing the mechanical contributions of each structure (zona pellucida, cytoplasm) due to its high heterogeneity. In this work, we present a novel approach to model the oocyte response taking into account the effect of both zona and cytoplasm, as well as different loading conditions. The model is then applied to develop an experimental protocol capable of accurately separating the viscoelastic contribution of zona and cytoplasm by simply varying the loading condition. This new protocol has the potential to open the door to improving our understanding the mechanical properties of oocytes at different stages, and provide a quantitative predictive ability to the evaluation of oocyte quality. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization, often rely on identifying high quality oocytes or female egg cells. The viscoelastic properties of these cells, such as stiffness and stress relaxation time, have been identified as potential objective indicators of cell quality. However, their characterization has proven difficult due to the structural heterogeneity of the cell and inconsistent loading conditions. This paper presents a new model that, although simple, addresses the above difficulties to provide accurate estimations of the cell's mechanical properties. Learning from this model, we then propose a novel non-invasive testing protocol to allow oocyte characterization with increased accuracy. We believe this effort would improve consistency in measurements and enhance our knowledge on the mechanics of oocytes.
Collapse
|
48
|
Nandi S, Sproul EP, Nellenbach K, Erb M, Gaffney L, Freytes DO, Brown AC. Platelet-like particles dynamically stiffen fibrin matrices and improve wound healing outcomes. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:669-682. [PMID: 30608063 PMCID: PMC6385160 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01201f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Native platelets perform several critical functions within the context of wound healing, including participating in initial hemostasis and interacting with fibrin at the wound site to induce clot retraction. Platelet depletion or dysfunction due to trauma or disease can inhibit robust wound healing responses. There has been a focus recently on developing synthetic, non-immunogenic platelet mimetic technologies for the purpose of augmenting hemostatic responses in cases of deficient native platelet functionality. Here we describe the application of synthetic platelet-like particles (PLPs), capable of recapitulating the deformable platelet body and fibrin specificity found in native platelets, to enhance healing outcomes. We first demonstrate PLPs mimic activated platelet morphology and induce fibrin clot retraction. During clot retraction, native platelets generate forces within a fibrin network to stiffen the fibrin matrix; therefore, we hypothesized that our PLPs will likewise be able to stiffen provisional fibrin matrices. Due to previous studies indicating that increased matrix stiffness is linked to increased cellular migration, we further hypothesize that PLP-mediated fibrin stiffening will enhance cell migration and improve healing outcomes within in vitro and in vivo models of wound healing. PLPs were found to enhance fibroblast migration in in vitro models of early wound healing and enhance healing outcomes in an in vivo murine model of wound healing. These studies demonstrate the utility of PLPs for enhancing wound repair and also provide insight into the role of native platelet-mediated clot retraction in wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Nandi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Poma AB, Guzman HV, Li MS, Theodorakis PE. Mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Aβ 42, Aβ 40, and α-synuclein fibrils: a coarse-grained method to complement experimental studies. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:500-513. [PMID: 30873322 PMCID: PMC6404408 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We perform molecular dynamics simulation on several relevant biological fibrils associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Aβ40, Aβ42, and α-synuclein systems to obtain a molecular understanding and interpretation of nanomechanical characterization experiments. The computational method is versatile and addresses a new subarea within the mechanical characterization of heterogeneous soft materials. We investigate both the elastic and thermodynamic properties of the biological fibrils in order to substantiate experimental nanomechanical characterization techniques that are quickly developing and reaching dynamic imaging with video rate capabilities. The computational method qualitatively reproduces results of experiments with biological fibrils, validating its use in extrapolation to macroscopic material properties. Our computational techniques can be used for the co-design of new experiments aiming to unveil nanomechanical properties of biological fibrils from a point of view of molecular understanding. Our approach allows a comparison of diverse elastic properties based on different deformations , i.e., tensile (Y L), shear (S), and indentation (Y T) deformation. From our analysis, we find a significant elastic anisotropy between axial and transverse directions (i.e., Y T > Y L) for all systems. Interestingly, our results indicate a higher mechanostability of Aβ42 fibrils compared to Aβ40, suggesting a significant correlation between mechanical stability and aggregation propensity (rate) in amyloid systems. That is, the higher the mechanical stability the faster the fibril formation. Finally, we find that α-synuclein fibrils are thermally less stable than β-amyloid fibrils. We anticipate that our molecular-level analysis of the mechanical response under different deformation conditions for the range of fibrils considered here will provide significant insights for the experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo B Poma
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Horacio V Guzman
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Stylianou A, Lekka M, Stylianopoulos T. AFM assessing of nanomechanical fingerprints for cancer early diagnosis and classification: from single cell to tissue level. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:20930-20945. [PMID: 30406223 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06146g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cancer development and progression are closely associated with changes both in the mechano-cellular phenotype of cancer and stromal cells and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure, composition, and mechanics. In this paper, we review the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a tool for assessing the nanomechanical fingerprints of solid tumors, so as to be potentially used as a diagnostic biomarker for more accurate identification and early cancer grading/classification. The development of such a methodology is expected to provide new insights and a novel approach for cancer diagnosis. We propose that AFM measurements could be employed to complement standard biopsy procedures, offering an objective, novel and quantitative diagnostic approach with the properties of a blind assay, allowing unbiased evaluation of the sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stylianou
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Cyprus.
| | - Malgorzata Lekka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Cyprus.
| |
Collapse
|