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Zhang F, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang X, Li Y, Wang W. Small dense low density lipoprotein predominance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using Mendelian randomization. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298070. [PMID: 38330008 PMCID: PMC10852223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with T2DM often suffer from CVD-related complications, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality rates. The upsurge in CVD prevalence among them is partly linked to sd LDL particles. Understanding the mechanisms behind elevated sd LDL levels is critical for preventing and managing cardiovascular complications in diabetes. METHODS MR was employed to identify instrumental variables and establish causality, exploring underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Notably, T2DM itself, insulin resistance, and fasting glucose seemingly do not directly impact sd LDL levels. Instead, the presence of T2DM or insulin resistance, leading to reduced HDL cholesterol or elevated TG levels, directly contributes to subsequent sd LDL increases, indicating a comprehensive mediating effect. While LDL cholesterol levels correlate positively with sd LDL, they appear unaffected by T2DM or insulin resistance. Importantly, hypertension induced by T2DM or insulin resistance exhibits a positive effect on sd LDL reversal. Unlike T2DM or insulin resistance, blood glucose levels show no significant impact on all processes. CONCLUSIONS It is hoped that these insights might influence the treatment of patients with diabetes and the management of blood parameters in clinical practice. Examining the effect of T2DM or insulin resistance on sd LDL within HDL cholesterol and triglycerides pathways might provide valuable insights for targeted cardiovascular treatments. Additionally, the study's exploration of the potential positive effects of elevated blood pressure on sd LDL reversal may introduce novel considerations for blood pressure management in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujie Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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Anti-Diabetic Effects of Ethanol Extract from Sanghuangporous vaninii in High-Fat/Sucrose Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota. Foods 2022; 11:foods11070974. [PMID: 35407061 PMCID: PMC8997417 DOI: 10.3390/foods11070974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may lead to abnormally elevated blood glucose, lipid metabolism disorder, and low-grade inflammation. Besides, the development of T2DM is always accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic dysfunction. In this study, the T2DM mice model was established by feeding a high-fat/sucrose diet combined with injecting a low dose of streptozotocin. Additionally, the effects of oral administration of ethanol extract from Sanghuangporous vaninii (SVE) on T2DM and its complications (including hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis) were investigated. The results showed SVE could improve body weight, glycolipid metabolism, and inflammation-related parameters. Besides, SVE intervention effectively ameliorated the diabetes-induced pancreas and jejunum injury. Furthermore, SVE intervention significantly increased the relative abundances of Akkermansia, Dubosiella, Bacteroides, and Parabacteroides, and decreased the levels of Lactobacillus, Flavonifractor, Odoribacter, and Desulfovibrio compared to the model group (LDA > 3.0, p < 0.05). Metabolic function prediction of the intestinal microbiota by PICRUSt revealed that glycerolipid metabolism, insulin signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and fatty acid degradation were enriched in the diabetic mice treated with SVE. Moreover, the integrative analysis indicated that the key intestinal microbial phylotypes in response to SVE intervention were strongly correlated with glucose and lipid metabolism-associated biochemical parameters. These findings demonstrated that SVE has the potential to alleviate T2DM and its complications by modulating the gut microbiota imbalance.
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Yang Z, Yu GL, Zhu X, Peng TH, Lv YC. Critical roles of FTO-mediated mRNA m6A demethylation in regulating adipogenesis and lipid metabolism: Implications in lipid metabolic disorders. Genes Dis 2022; 9:51-61. [PMID: 35005107 PMCID: PMC8720706 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal this review is to clarify the effects of the fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) in lipid metabolism regulation and related underlying mechanisms through the FTO-mediated demethylation of m6A modification. FTO catalyzes the demethylation of m6A to alter the processing, maturation and translation of the mRNAs of lipid-related genes. FTO overexpression in the liver promotes lipogenesis and lipid droplet (LD) enlargement and suppresses CPT-1–mediated fatty acid oxidation via the SREBP1c pathway, promoting excessive lipid storage and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). FTO enhances preadipocyte differentiation through the C/EBPβ pathway, and facilitates adipogenesis and fat deposition by altering the alternative splicing of RUNX1T1, the expression of PPARγ and ANGPTL4, and the phosphorylation of PLIN1, whereas it inhibits lipolysis by inhibiting IRX3 expression and the leptin pathway, causing the occurrence and development of obesity. Suppression of the PPARβ/δ and AMPK pathways by FTO-mediated m6A demethylation damages lipid utilization in skeletal muscles, leading to the occurrence of diabetic hyperlipidemia. m6A demethylation by FTO inhibits macrophage lipid influx by downregulating PPARγ protein expression and accelerates cholesterol efflux by phosphorylating AMPK, thereby impeding foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development. In summary, FTO-mediated m6A demethylation modulates the expression of lipid-related genes to regulate lipid metabolism and lipid disorder diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Guang-Li Yu
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
| | - Tian-Hong Peng
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Yun-Cheng Lv
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, PR China
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4
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Esteve M. Mechanisms Underlying Biological Effects of Cruciferous Glucosinolate-Derived Isothiocyanates/Indoles: A Focus on Metabolic Syndrome. Front Nutr 2020; 7:111. [PMID: 32984393 PMCID: PMC7492599 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An inverse correlation between vegetable consumption and the incidence of cancer has long been described. This protective effect is stronger when cruciferous vegetables are specifically consumed. The beneficial properties of vegetables are attributed to their bioactive components like fiber, antioxidants vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, and phenolic compounds. Cruciferous vegetables contain all these molecules; however, what makes them different are their sulfurous components, called glucosinolates, responsible for their special smell and taste. Glucosinolates are inactive biologically in the organism but are hydrolyzed by the enzyme myrosinase released as a result of chewing, leading to the formation of active derivatives such as isothiocyanates and indoles. A considerable number of in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that isothiocyanates and indoles elicit chemopreventive potency through multiple mechanisms that include modulation of phases I and II detoxification pathway enzymes, regulation of cell cycle arrest, and control of cell growth, induction of apoptosis, antioxidant activity, anti-angiogenic effects, and epigenetic regulation. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) are key and central regulators in all these processes with a main role in oxidative stress and inflammation control. It has been described that isothiocyanates and indoles regulate their activity directly and indirectly. Today, the metabolic syndrome (central obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) is responsible for a majority of deaths worldwide. All components of metabolic syndrome are characterized by chronic inflammation with deregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK/EKR/JNK, Nrf2, and NF-κB signaling pathways. The effects of GLSs derivatives controlling these pathways have been widely described in relation to cancer. Changes in food consumption patterns observed in the last decades to higher consumption of ultra-processed foods, with elevation in simple sugar and saturated fat contents and lower consumption of vegetables and fruits have been directly correlated with metabolic syndrome prevalence. In this review, it is summarized the knowledge regarding the mechanisms by which cruciferous glucosinolate derivatives (isothiocyanates and indoles) directly and indirectly regulate these pathways. However, the review places a special focus on the knowledge of the effects of glucosinolates derivatives in metabolic syndrome, since this has not been reviewed before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Esteve
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Luoma PV, Savolainen MJ, Sotaniemi EA, Pelkonen RO, Arranto AJ, Ehnholm C. Plasma high-density lipoproteins and liver lipids and proteins in man. Relation to hepatic histology and microsomal enzyme induction. ACTA MEDICA SCANDINAVICA 2009; 214:103-9. [PMID: 6624542 DOI: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb08580.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The association of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma with liver lipids and proteins was investigated in 28 subjects with diagnostic liver biopsy. Lipids and proteins were evaluated in relation to hepatic histology and microsomal enzyme induction, assessed by liver cytochrome P-450. Moderate-severe hepatic parenchymal changes were associated with low liver phospholipids, protein and cytochrome P-450, low plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and high hepatic triglycerides. Liver microsomal induction accompanying anticonvulsant therapy was associated with high liver phospholipids and protein, high plasma HDL-C, apoproteins A-I and A-II, and high HDL-C/total cholesterol (T-C) ratio. HDL-C, A-I and the HDL-C/T-C ratio were directly proportional to liver phospholipids, protein and cytochrome P-450, inversely related to hepatic triglycerides. Increases in hepatic phospholipids and protein, characteristic of microsomal induction, may lead to the elevation of plasma HDL apoprotein and HDL-C levels and HDL-C/T-C ratios, and thus reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.
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. VO, . SB, . FP, . HM. Blood Lipids and Electrolyte Profiles of Male and Female Diabetics in Plateau State Nigeria. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2004. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2004.221.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Whitney MS, Boon GD, Rebar AH, Story JA, Bottoms GD. Ultracentrifugal and electrophoretic characteristics of the plasma lipoproteins of miniature schnauzer dogs with idiopathic hyperlipoproteinemia. Vet Med (Auckl) 1993; 7:253-60. [PMID: 8246216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1993.tb01016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
To better characterize the idiopathic hyperlipoproteinemia of Miniature Schnauzer dogs, the plasma lipoproteins of 20 Miniature Schnauzers (MS) and 11 dogs of other breeds (DOB) were evaluated by ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, and biochemical tests. Seventeen MS were healthy; 3 had diabetes mellitus. Plasma from 6 of 17 healthy and all 3 diabetic MS was visibly lipemic. Lipemia was slight to marked in healthy lipemic MS, and marked in diabetic ones. All DOB had clear plasma; 8 were healthy and 3 had diabetes. All healthy lipemic MS and diabetic lipemic MS had hypertriglyceridemia associated with excess very low density lipoproteins. Chylomicronemia was present in 4 of 6 healthy lipemic MS and all 3 diabetic lipemic MS. Lipoproteins with ultracentrifugal and electrophoretic characteristics of normal low density lipoprotein were lacking in 4 of 6 healthy lipemic MS. The lipoprotein patterns of 4 of 11 healthy nonlipemic MS were characterized by mild hypertriglyceridemia associated with increased very low density lipoproteins and a lack of lipoproteins with characteristics of normal low density lipoproteins. Lipoprotein patterns of diabetic DOB closely resembled those of healthy DOB; those of diabetic lipemic MS resembled those of markedly lipemic healthy lipemic MS. In conclusion, the hyperlipoproteinemia of Miniature Schnauzers is characterized by increased very low density lipoproteins with or without accompanying chylomicronemia; some affected dogs may have decreased low density lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Whitney
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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8
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Freestone JF, Wolfsheimer KJ, Ford RB, Church G, Bessin R. Triglyceride, insulin, and cortisol responses of ponies to fasting and dexamethasone administration. J Vet Intern Med 1991; 5:15-22. [PMID: 2020012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1991.tb00925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ponies were evaluated for their response to feed withholding and exogenous administration of corticosteroids (dexamethasone 0.04 mg/kg intramuscular [IM]) in an attempt to reproduce the hyperlipemia syndrome. Because insulin resistance has been associated with hyperlipemia, all ponies were initially evaluated for insulin response to an oral glucose load and normal dexamethasone suppression of serum cortisol. Four ponies were identified as hyperinsulinemic reflecting insulin resistance. All ponies had suppressed cortisol concentrations following dexamethasone administration. Feed withdrawal resulted in hypertriglyceridemia by 48 hours in all ponies. Very low density lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL) fraction was primarily elevated. The administration of dexamethasone failed to increase the degree of triglyceridemia. Although insulin resistance has been proposed as the likely cause of the hypertriglyceridemia in ponies, in this study four of eight ponies were considered to have normal insulin responses and yet still developed hypertriglyceridemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Freestone
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803
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9
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Lind L, Jakobsson S, Lithell H, Wengle B, Ljunghall S. Relation of serum calcium concentration to metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. BMJ (CLINICAL RESEARCH ED.) 1988; 297:960-3. [PMID: 3142567 PMCID: PMC1834646 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.297.6654.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Data from a health screening survey with over 18,000 adult participants were used to determine the relations between serum calcium concentration and the cardiovascular risk factors hypertension, hyperglycaemia, and hyperlipidaemia. Blood pressure and serum glucose and cholesterol concentrations were all positively related to each other independent of age, sex, kidney function, and obesity. Similar relations between the risk factors were found in subjects with hypertension or hyperglycaemia independent of the degree of overweight. These results suggested that there might be a metabolic syndrome of cardiovascular risk factors. Serum calcium concentration was positively related to systolic and diastolic blood pressures and serum glucose and cholesterol concentrations. Thus a common feature in the syndrome is an increased serum calcium concentration. The relations between serum calcium concentrations and the cardiovascular risk factors were not limited to the upper parts of the distribution, being seen over a wide range. Changes in calcium metabolism seem to be related to a metabolic syndrome of hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lind
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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Kasiske BL, O'Donnell MP, Cleary MP, Keane WF. Treatment of hyperlipidemia reduces glomerular injury in obese Zucker rats. Kidney Int 1988; 33:667-72. [PMID: 3367557 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1988.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemic obese Zucker rats develop albuminuria and spontaneous focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS) at an early age, despite normal glomerular capillary pressures and nephron plasma flows. To investigate the role of abnormal lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of FGS, pharmacologic agents were used to reduce serum lipids in male, obese Zucker rats. Eight rats were treated from 8 to 40 weeks of age with the cholesterol synthesis inhibitor, mevinolin (group I). A separate group of seven obese rats was treated with the structurally-unrelated lipid lowering agent, clofibric acid (group II). Results from these two groups were compared to controls injected with vehicle only (group III). Body weight and food intake were similar in all three groups. Mevinolin reduced both serum cholesterol and fasting triglyceride levels while clofibric acid lowered only serum cholesterol. Urine albumin excretion was reduced in groups I and II compared to group III. Mesangial matrix expansion and cellularity were both reduced by mevinolin and clofibric acid. In addition, the percent of glomeruli with focal glomerulosclerosis was much less in groups I (0.4 +/- 0.1%) and II (1.3 +/- 0.7%) compared to group III (4.6 +/- 0.7%, P less than 0.05). Micropuncture studies, carried out in separate groups of obese rats, demonstrated that mevinolin and clofibric acid did not affect glomerular hemodynamic function. Although the precise mechanism remains to be defined, these results suggest that abnormal lipid metabolism may be important in the pathogenesis of FGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Kasiske
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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Affiliation(s)
- I Penn
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio
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12
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Weinberg RB. Lipoprotein metabolism: hormonal regulation. HOSPITAL PRACTICE (OFFICE ED.) 1987; 22:223-7, 230, 233-4 passin. [PMID: 3108291 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.1987.11703257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kasiske BL, O'Donnell MP, Keane WF. The obese Zucker rat model of glomerular injury in type II diabetes. THE JOURNAL OF DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS 1987; 1:26-9. [PMID: 2968993 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-6632(87)80022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B L Kasiske
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis 55414
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Odigwe CO, McCulloch AJ, Williams DO, Tunbridge WM. A trial of the calcium antagonist nisoldipine in hypertensive non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Diabet Med 1986; 3:463-7. [PMID: 2951198 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1986.tb00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The antihypertensive and metabolic effects of a new calcium antagonist nisoldipine (10 to 20 mg at night) were investigated in 14 mild to moderately hypertensive non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (median age 62, range 50-70 years). In a 12-week placebo controlled single blind study, sitting and standing blood pressure were significantly lowered (p less than 0.001). Heart rate was unchanged as were blood urea, creatinine, bilirubin, mmol/l (mean +/- SEM) and uric acid concentrations. Plasma sodium levels fell during active therapy (142 +/- 0.5 mmol/l (mean +/- SEM) versus 139 +/- 0.5 (p less than 0.001) and remained lower during the washout period. Plasma calcium concentrations increased during nisoldipine therapy (2.41 +/- 0.02 versus 2.51 +/- 0.03 mmol/l, p less than 0.001) and returned towards baseline during the washout period. Plasma ionized calcium concentrations showed similar changes but plasma sodium and calcium remained within the normal laboratory ranges in all patients at all times. Serum triglyceride concentrations fell (placebo 1.9 +/- 0.02 mmol/l vs nisoldipine 1.6 +/- 0.2, p less than 0.05), but fasting cholesterol was unchanged. Fasting blood glucose, and the blood glucose response to oral glucose challenge (75 g) showed no differences though HbA1 concentrations fell (10.6 +/- 0.7 versus 9.2 +/- 0.05%, p less than 0.05) and tended to rise when the drug was withdrawn. Haemoglobin concentrations also fell during active therapy (14.7 +/- 0.4 vs 14 +/- 0.32 g/dl p less than 0.001) and also remained lower after the washout period (13.9 +/- 0.03 g/dl).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Cowan LD, Wilcosky T, Criqui MH, Barrett-Connor E, Suchindran CM, Wallace R, Laskarzewski P, Walden C. Demographic, behavioral, biochemical, and dietary correlates of plasma triglycerides. Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS (DALLAS, TEX.) 1985; 5:466-80. [PMID: 4038160 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.5.5.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have simultaneously examined the relationship of triglyceride levels with a wide variety of potential covariates. Thus, the present study was designed to assess in a large, free-living population the association of fasting plasma triglyceride values with selected demographic, behavioral, biochemical, and dietary measures. These analyses were done using data obtained from 5189 white men and women aged 20 to 69 years who participated in the Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study. Of the eight nondietary factors examined, age, Quetelet Index, fasting plasma glucose, and cigarette smoking were strongly, positively associated (p less than 0.0001) with triglycerides in men and in women not using gonadal hormones. Among women using oral contraceptives or estrogens, only Quetelet Index (p less than 0.01) and cigarette smoking (p = 0.01) were significantly related to triglyceride values. Physical activity was inversely associated (p less than 0.0001) and use of diuretic medications was positively related (p less than 0.01) to triglycerides only in men. Results of analyses of triglycerides and six selected dietary measures varied by age, sex, and hormone-use subgroups. Although none of the dietary variables showed consistent associations with triglycerides across all of the subgroups, triglycerides tended to be inversely associated with total calories per kilogram of body weight and the percentage of calories as dietary fat.
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Bishop N, Schorah CJ, Wales JK. The effect of vitamin C supplementation on diabetic hyperlipidaemia: a double blind, crossover study. Diabet Med 1985; 2:121-4. [PMID: 2952396 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1985.tb00614.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fifty diabetic patients took part in a four-month, double-blind crossover study comparing 500 mg of vitamin C daily with placebo. No significant difference was observed between vitamin C and placebo therapy in fasting whole blood glucose, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and glycosylated haemoglobin levels.
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Karjalainen S, Nuutinen J, Kärjä J, Vartiainen E. Lack of utility of metabolic screening in Ménière's disease. Clin Otolaryngol 1984; 9:15-20. [PMID: 6723095 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.1984.tb01467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of disturbances of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were studied in two groups of patients; one group with Ménière's disease, the other with otosclerosis. Our observations do not support the notion that metabolic disturbances are the principal causes of the symptom complex in Ménière's disease. Results of thyroid function tests were also normal in all Ménière's patients tested.
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