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Sayed NH, Hammad M, Abdelrahman SA, Abdelgawad HM. Association of long non-coding RNAs and ABO blood groups with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Egyptian children. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:307-317. [PMID: 38505304 PMCID: PMC10945145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevailing cancer among children. Despite extensive studies, ALL etiology is still an unsolved puzzle. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) emerged as key mediators in cancer etiology. Several lncRNAs are dysregulated in ALL, leading to oncogenic or tumor-suppressive activities. Additionally, a relation between ABO blood groups and hematological malignancies was proposed. The current study intended to explore the association of lncRNAs, ANRIL and LINC-PINT, and their downstream targets, CDKN2A and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), with the incidence of ALL and treatment response, and to determine the distribution of blood groups across different childhood ALL phenotypes. Blood samples were taken from 66 ALL patients (at diagnosis and at the end of remission induction phase) and 39 healthy children. Whole blood was used for blood group typing. Expression of ANRIL, LINC-PINT and CDKN2A was analyzed in plasma by qRT-PCR. Serum HMOX1 was measured using ELISA. ANRIL and CDKN2A were upregulated, while LINC-PINT and HMOX1 were downregulated in newly diagnosed patients. All of which showed remarkable diagnostic performance, where HMOX1 was superior. HMOX1 was independent predictor of ALL as well. LINC-PINT and HMOX1 were significantly upregulated after treatment. Notably, ANRIL and LINC-PINT were associated with poor outcome. No significant difference in the distribution of ABO blood groups was observed between patients and controls. In conclusion, our results suggested an association of ANRIL and LINC-PINT with childhood ALL predisposition, at least in part, through altering CDKN2A and HMOX1 production. Furthermore, the impact of remission induction treatment was newly revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha H. Sayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hammad
- Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
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2
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Yao B, Xu Q, Zhang X, Han Y. Genetic variations underlying Gilbert syndrome and HBV infection outcomes: a cross-sectional study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1265268. [PMID: 38028601 PMCID: PMC10657892 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1265268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Constant cellular damage causes a poor prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Accumulating evidence indicates the cytoprotective properties of bilirubin. Here, we investigated the association of UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 (UGT1A1), the genetic cause of Gilbert syndrome (GS), a common condition of mild unconjugated bilirubinemia, with HBV infection outcomes. Methods: Patients (n = 2,792) with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were screened for HBV infection and host UGT1A1 variations in Ruijin Hospital from January 2015 to May 2023, and those with confirmed HBV exposure were included. The promoter/exons/adjacent intronic regions of UGT1A1 were sequenced. HBV infection outcomes were compared between hosts with wild-type and variant-type UGT1A1. The effect magnitudes of UGT1A1 variations were evaluated using three classification approaches. Results: In total, 175 patients with confirmed HBV exposure were recruited for final analysis. Age, gender, level of HBV serological markers, and antiviral treatment were comparable between UGT1A1 wild-type and disease-causing variation groups. Five known disease-causing mutations (UGT1A1*28, UGT1A1*6, UGT1A1*27, UGT1A1*63, and UGT1A1*7) were detected. The incidence of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (LC/HCC) was significantly lower in UGT1A1 variant hosts than in UGT1A1 wild-type hosts (13.14% vs. 78.95%, p < 0.0001). The rarer the UGT1A1 variation a patient possessed, the higher the age at which LC/HCC was diagnosed (R = 0.34, p < 0.05). In contrast, patients without cirrhosis achieving HBsAg clearance were identified only in the UGT1A1 variant group (12.32% vs. 0%). Conclusion: The findings of this study provide insights into the association between preexisting genetically mild bilirubin elevation and viral infection outcome. We showed that the accumulation of UGT1A1 variants or the rarity of the variation is associated with a better prognosis, and the effect magnitude correlates with UGT1A1 deficiency. This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of host UGT1A1 variations underlying GS against HBV infection outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilian Yao
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Sino-French Research Centre for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Sino-French Research Centre for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Wan X, Zhang H, Tian J, Hao P, Liu L, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Song X, Ge C. The Chains of Ferroptosis Interact in the Whole Progression of Atherosclerosis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4575-4592. [PMID: 37868832 PMCID: PMC10588755 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s430885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a category of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that can cause other more severe disabilities, increasingly jeopardizes human health. Owing to its imperceptible and chronic symptoms, it is hard to determine the pathogenesis and precise therapeutics for AS. A novel type of programmed cell death called ferroptosis was discovered in recent years that is distinctively different from other traditional cell death pathways in morphological and biochemical aspects. Characterized by iron overload, redox disequilibrium, and accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides (L-OOH), ferroptosis influences endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and macrophages, as well as inflammation, partaking in the pathology of many cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure. The mechanisms behind ferroptosis are so sophisticated and interwoven that many molecules involved in this procedure are unknown. This review systematically depicts the initiation and modulation of ferroptosis and summarizes the contribution of ferroptosis to AS, which may open a feasible approach for target treatment in the alleviation of AS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiantao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changjiang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Darbinyan LV, Simonyan KV, Hambardzumyan LE, Simonyan MA, Simonyan RM, Manukyan LP. Membrane-stabilizing and protective effects of curcumin in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson disease. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2457-2464. [PMID: 37247135 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by both motor and non-motor features. Numerous risk factors (oxidative stress, free radical formation, and several environmental toxins) have been associated with PD. The experimental studies were carried out under in vivo conditions. Biochemical data analysis indicated that compared with the parameters of control (C) rats, rotenone-induced PD rats showed a significant decrease in the specific content of the total fraction of isoforms of O2--producing, heat-stable, NADPH-containing associates (NLP-Nox) from membrane formations of tissues (brain, liver, lung, and small intestine). Compared with the C group indices, in the PD and PD + curcumin (PD + CU) groups there is some change in the shape of the optical absorption spectra of isoforms associated with a change in the amount of Nox in the isoform composition of the total fraction of the NLP-Nox associate. Thus, daily administration of CU (200 mg/kg, i.p.) to PD rats for 63 days had a regulatory effect, bringing the specific content and O2--producing activity of the total fraction of NLP-Nox isoforms closer to the norm. CU has membrane-stabilizing effects in rotenone-induced PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Darbinyan
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, 0028, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K V Simonyan
- Neuroendocrine Relationships Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, 0028, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - L E Hambardzumyan
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, 0028, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M A Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, 0014, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R M Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, 0014, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - L P Manukyan
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, 0028, Yerevan, Armenia
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Arbuzova S. Common pathogenesis of early and late preeclampsia: evidence from recurrences and review of the literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023:10.1007/s00404-023-07217-z. [PMID: 37740793 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether there is an association between the gestational age at the onset of preeclampsia in recurrent cases and the gestational age at the onset of preeclampsia in previous pregnancies. METHODS This retrospective nested case-control study was designed to investigate whether gestational age at diagnosis and at delivery in recurrent cases of preeclampsia correlates with gestational age at diagnosis and delivery in the previous cases of preeclampsia in the same individuals. The database of a Ukrainian research network was used to find patients with the diagnosis of preeclampsia between 2019 and 2021. The database was further queried to identify those with a history of preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy. The comparison was made using the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS One hundred and three patients who were diagnosed with preeclampsia were identified. Of those, 15 had recurrent preeclampsia, 2 of whom had preeclampsia in 2 previous pregnancies. There was no statistically significant correlation: based on gestational age at delivery R = - 0.28 (P = 0.30; 95% confidence interval (- 0.69 to 0.28) and based on gestational age at the time of diagnosis R = - 0.14 (P = 0.62; - 0.60 to 0.41). CONCLUSION Our data do not find an association between the gestational age of recurrent preeclampsia and preeclampsia diagnosed in a previous pregnancy. This supports the idea that there is single pathogenesis for preeclampsia regardless of the gestational age. It suggests that there are variations in the course of preeclampsia that may be determined by the capacity of the compensatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Arbuzova
- Eastern-Ukrainian Center for Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Mariupol, Kiev, Ukraine.
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Studio 3.4, Block M, Birks Hall, New North Road, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4GH, England, UK.
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Grigorov I, Pejić S, Todorović A, Drakulić D, Veljković F, Vukajlović JM, Bobić K, Soldatović I, Đurašević S, Jasnić N, Stanković S, Glumac S, Mihailović-Vučinić V, Milenković B. Serum High-Mobility Group Box 1 and Heme Oxygenase-1 as Biomarkers in COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13164. [PMID: 37685970 PMCID: PMC10488018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The careful monitoring of patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 is of particular importance because of the rapid progression of complications associated with COVID-19. For prognostic reasons and for the economic management of health care resources, additional biomarkers need to be identified, and their monitoring can conceivably be performed in the early stages of the disease. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we found that serum concentrations of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), at the time of hospital admission, could be useful biomarkers for COVID-19 management. The study included 160 randomly selected recovered patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 on admission. Compared with healthy controls, serum HMGB1 and HO-1 levels increased by 487.6 pg/mL versus 43.1 pg/mL and 1497.7 pg/mL versus 756.1 pg/mL, respectively. Serum HO-1 correlated significantly with serum HMGB1, oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), the phosphatidylcholine/lysophosphatidylcholine ratio (PC/LPC), the ratio of reduced and oxidative glutathione (GSH/GSSG)), and anti-inflammatory acute phase proteins (ferritin, haptoglobin). Increased heme catabolism/hemolysis were not detected. We hypothesize that the increase in HO-1 in the early phase of COVID-19 disease is likely to have a survival benefit by providing protection against oxidative stress and inflammation, whereas the level of HMGB1 increase reflects the activity of the innate immune system and represents levels within which the disease can be kept under control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilijana Grigorov
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Pejić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.P.); (A.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.); (J.M.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Ana Todorović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.P.); (A.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.); (J.M.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Dunja Drakulić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.P.); (A.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.); (J.M.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Filip Veljković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.P.); (A.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.); (J.M.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Jadranka Miletić Vukajlović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.P.); (A.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.); (J.M.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Katarina Bobić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.P.); (A.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.); (J.M.V.); (K.B.)
| | - Ivan Soldatović
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Siniša Đurašević
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Đ.); (N.J.)
| | - Nebojša Jasnić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.Đ.); (N.J.)
| | - Sanja Stanković
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Sofija Glumac
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.G.); (V.M.-V.); (B.M.)
| | - Violeta Mihailović-Vučinić
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.G.); (V.M.-V.); (B.M.)
- Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branislava Milenković
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.G.); (V.M.-V.); (B.M.)
- Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Jirásková A, Škrha J, Vítek L. Association of Low Serum Bilirubin Concentrations and Promoter Variations in the UGT1A1 and HMOX1 Genes with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Czech Population. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10614. [PMID: 37445792 PMCID: PMC10342136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin has potent biological beneficial effects, protecting against atherosclerosis, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess serum bilirubin concentrations and (TA)n and (GT)n microsatellite variations in the promoter regions of the UGT1A1 and HMOX1 genes, respectively, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study was carried out in 220 patients with T2DM and 231 healthy control subjects, in whom standard biochemical tests were performed. The (TA)n and (GT)n dinucleotide variations were determined by means of fragment (size-based) analysis using an automated capillary DNA sequencer. Compared to controls, both male and female patients with T2DM had lower serum bilirubin concentrations (9.9 vs. 12.9 μmol/L, and 9.0 vs. 10.6 μmol/L, in men and women, respectively, p < 0.001). Phenotypic Gilbert syndrome was much less prevalent in T2DM patients, as was the frequency of the (TA)7/7UGT1A1 genotype in male T2DM patients. (GT)nHMOX1 genetic variations did not differ between diabetic patients and controls. Our results demonstrate that the manifestation of T2DM is associated with lower serum bilirubin concentrations. Consumption of bilirubin due to increased oxidative stress associated with T2DM seems to be the main explanation, although (TA)n repeat variations in UGT1A1 partially contribute to this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Jirásková
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, Katerinska 32, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Škrha
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, Katerinska 32, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Libor Vítek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, Katerinska 32, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic;
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, Katerinska 32, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic
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8
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Wang G, Qiao L, Tang Z, Zhou S, Min J, Li M. Association between bilirubin levels and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e064433. [PMID: 37164466 PMCID: PMC10174027 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between bilirubin levels and stroke risk. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis, reported in accordance with Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases were searched from inception up to 27 February 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Cohort studies assessing the dose-response relationship between bilirubin levels and risk of stroke were eligible for inclusion. There were no language restrictions. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS All data from eligible studies were collected and assessed by two independent investigators. We generated pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs. We used a restricted cubic spline model for the dose-response analyses. Subsequent subgroup analyses were conducted according to stroke outcomes, follow-up duration, geographical area and size of the cohort. RESULTS Nine articles including results from 11 cohort studies with 7835 cases of stroke and 263 596 participants met the inclusion criteria. The summarised RR of stroke comparing the highest and lowest bilirubin level was 0.85 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.99). The dose-response analysis indicated that a 15 µmol/L increment of bilirubin level was associated with an 18% lower risk of stroke (RR=0.82, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.99). For ischaemic stroke, the RR was 0.76 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.99). Significant publication bias was not detected. CONCLUSIONS Elevated bilirubin levels were associated with a decreased risk of stroke among adults. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017071497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Luyao Qiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Min
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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9
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Horii S, Mori S, Ogata R, Nukaga S, Nishida R, Kishi S, Sasaki R, Ikemoto A, Owari T, Maesaka F, Honoki K, Miyake M, Tanaka Y, Fujimoto K, Fujiwara-Tani R, Kuniyasu H. 5-Aminolevrinic Acid Exhibits Dual Effects on Stemness in Human Sarcoma Cell Lines under Dark Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076189. [PMID: 37047157 PMCID: PMC10094087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is used for tumor-targeting phototherapy because it is converted to protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) upon excitation and induces phototoxicity. However, the effect of ALA on malignant cells under unexcited conditions is unclear. This information is essential when administering ALA systemically. We used sarcoma cell lines that usually arise deep in the body and are rarely exposed to light to examine the effects of ALA treatment under light (daylight lamp irradiation) and dark (dark room) conditions. ALA-treated human SW872 liposarcoma cells and human MG63 osteosarcoma cells cultured under light exhibited growth suppression and increased oxidative stress, while cells cultured in the dark showed no change. However, sphere-forming ability increased in the dark, and the expression of stem-cell-related genes was induced in dark, but not light, conditions. ALA administration increased heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression in both cell types; when carbon monoxide (CO), a metabolite of HO-1, was administered to sarcoma cells via carbon-monoxide-releasing molecule 2 (CORM2), it enhanced sphere-forming ability. We also compared the concentration of biliverdin (BVD) (a co-product of HO-1 activity alongside CO) with sphere-forming ability when HO-1 activity was inhibited using ZnPPIX in the dark. Both cell types showed a peak in sphere-forming ability at 60–80 μM BVD. Furthermore, a cell death inhibitor assay revealed that the HO-1-induced suppression of sphere formation was rescued by apoptosis or ferroptosis inhibitors. These findings suggest that in the absence of excitation, ALA promotes HO-1 expression and enhances the stemness of sarcoma cells, although excessive HO-1 upregulation induces apoptosis and ferroptosis. Our data indicate that systemic ALA administration induces both enhanced stemness and cell death in malignant cells located in dark environments deep in the body and highlight the need to pay attention to drug delivery and ALA concentrations during phototherapy.
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10
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Perez-Ortiz G, Sidda JD, Peate J, Ciccarelli D, Ding Y, Barry SM. Production of copropophyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin by the rufomycin producer, Streptomyces atratus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1092166. [PMID: 37007481 PMCID: PMC10060970 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1092166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme is best known for its role as a versatile prosthetic group in prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins with diverse biological functions including gas and electron transport, as well as a wide array of redox chemistry. However, free heme and related tetrapyrroles also have important roles in the cell. In several bacterial strains, heme biosynthetic precursors and degradation products have been proposed to function as signaling molecules, ion chelators, antioxidants and photoprotectants. While the uptake and degradation of heme by bacterial pathogens is well studied, less is understood about the physiological role of these processes and their products in non-pathogenic bacteria. Streptomyces are slow growing soil bacteria known for their extraordinary capacity to produce complex secondary metabolites, particularly many clinically used antibiotics. Here we report the unambiguous identification of three tetrapyrrole metabolites from heme metabolism, coproporphyrin III, biliverdin and bilirubin, in culture extracts of the rufomycin antibiotic producing Streptomyces atratus DSM41673. We propose that biliverdin and bilirubin may combat oxidative stress induced by nitric oxide production during rufomycin biosynthesis, and indicate the genes involved in their production. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of the production of all three of these tetrapyrroles by a Streptomycete.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sarah M. Barry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Sadeghi M, Fathi M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Mohammadi H, Yousefi M, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Namdar A, Movasaghpour Akbari AA, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The prognostic and therapeutic potential of HO-1 in leukemia and MDS. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:57. [PMID: 36915102 PMCID: PMC10009952 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a heme-degrading enzyme, is proven to have anti-apoptotic effects in several malignancies. In addition, HO-1 is reported to cause chemoresistance and increase cell survival. Growing evidence indicates that HO-1 contributes to the course of hematological malignancies as well. Here, the expression pattern, prognostic value, and the effect of HO-1 targeting in HMs are discussed. MAIN BODY According to the recent literature, it was discovered that HO-1 is overexpressed in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells and is associated with high-risk disease. Furthermore, in addition to HO-1 expression by leukemic and MDS cells, CML, AML, and ALL leukemic stem cells express this protein as well, making it a potential target for eliminating minimal residual disease (MRD). Moreover, it was concluded that HO-1 induces tumor progression and prevents apoptosis through various pathways. CONCLUSION HO-1 has great potential in determining the prognosis of leukemia and MDS patients. HO-1 induces resistance to several chemotherapeutic agents as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and following its inhibition, chemo-sensitivity increases. Moreover, the exact role of HO-1 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is yet unknown. While findings illustrate that MDS and other leukemic patients could benefit from HO-1 targeting. Future studies can help broaden our knowledge regarding the role of HO-1 in MDS and leukemia. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadeghi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Xu H, Wen Q, Xu X, Yu D, Liu Z, Zhang C, Zhang X, Ma J, Zhao H, Song L. Heme oxygenase-1 protects against PM2.5 induced endothelial dysfunction through inhibition of HIF1α. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:104024. [PMID: 36427673 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 has been accepted as a strong risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been proved to be a key factor in triggering vascular endothelial dysfunction upon PM2.5 exposure in our previous reports. In the current study, we observed the concurrent induction of hemoxygenase (HO)- 1 and RAS components (ANGII and AT1R) expression both in the vascular endothelial cell lines and in rat lung tissue after PM2.5 exposure. Furthermore, HO-1 inhibited RAS activation by suppressing the expression and activity of HIF1α, the upstream transcriptional activator of ANGII and AT1R. In addition, HO-1 blocked significantly increased the release of cell adhesion molecules and chemokines (VCAM-1, E-Selectin, P-Selectin, IL-8, MCP-1) that drive monocyte-endothelium adhesion, along with the enhanced the generation of oxidative stress response mediators in the vascular endothelium. These data together indicate that PM2.5 induced HO-1 upregulation functions as a self-defense response to antagonize endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting HIF1α-mediated RAS activation. Targeting endogenous protective pathway might be helpful to protect from PM2.5-induced cardiovascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Qing Wen
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Xiuduan Xu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Dengjun Yu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; School of Pharmacy,Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, PR China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 473007, PR China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, 357 Ximen Road, Kaifeng 475004, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 473007, PR China
| | - Junguo Ma
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 473007, PR China
| | - Hong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy,Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, PR China
| | - Lun Song
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, PR China; School of Pharmacy,Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, PR China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 473007, PR China.
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Hsu PWC, Liao PC, Kao YH, Lin XY, Chien RN, Yeh CT, Lai CC, Shyu YC, Lin CL. The Mutation Hotspots at UGT1A Locus May Be Associated with Gilbert's Syndrome Affecting the Taiwanese Population. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012709. [PMID: 36293566 PMCID: PMC9603874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gilbert's syndrome is mainly diagnosed through genetic analysis and is primarily detected through a mutation in the promoter region of the UGT1A1 gene. However, most of the research has been conducted on Caucasian populations. In this study, we studied the Han population in Taiwan to investigate the possibility of other mutations that could cause Gilbert's syndrome. This study comprised a test group of 45 Taiwanese individuals with Gilbert's syndrome and 180 healthy Taiwanese individuals as a control group. We extracted DNA from the blood samples and then used Axiom Genome-Wide TWB 2.0 array plates for genotyping. Out of 302,771 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 225 subjects, we detected 57 SNPs with the most significant shift in allele frequency; 27 SNPs among them were located in the UGT1A region. Most of the detected SNPs highly correlated with each other and are located near the first exon of UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6, and UGT1A7. We used these SNPs as an input for the machine learning algorithms and developed prediction models. Our study reveals a good association between the 27 SNPs detected and Gilbert's syndrome. Hence, this study provides a reference for diagnosing Gilbert's syndrome in the Taiwanese population in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Wei-Che Hsu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Liao
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Yu Lin
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 259, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.S.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Chih-Lang Lin
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Liver Research Unit, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.S.); (C.-L.L.)
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Ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor based on molecular imprinted polymer and ferromagnetic nanocomposite for bilirubin analysis in the saliva and serum of newborns. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Expanding the armory for treating lymphoma: Targeting redox cellular status through thioredoxin reductase inhibition. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Petrtýl J, Dvořák K, Stříteský J, Leníček M, Jirásková A, Šmíd V, Haluzík M, Brůha R, Vítek L. Association of Serum Bilirubin and Functional Variants of Heme Oxygenase 1 and Bilirubin UDP-Glucuronosyl Transferase Genes in Czech Adult Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10122000. [PMID: 34943103 PMCID: PMC8698489 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disorder worldwide. The aim of our study was to assess the role of bilirubin, and the heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT1A1) promoter gene variants, which are involved in bilirubin homeostasis, in the NAFLD development in adult patients. The study was performed on 84 patients with NAFLD and 103 age/sex-matched controls. Routine biochemistry, inflammatory markers, adipokines, and the fibrosis/steatohepatitis stage were determined in the NAFLD patients. The (GT)n/(TA)n dinucleotide variations in HMOX1/UGT1A1 gene promoters, respectively, were analyzed by fragment analysis. Compared to controls, serum bilirubin concentrations in NAFLD patients tended to be decreased, while the prevalence of phenotypic Gilbert syndrome was significantly low. Genetic variations in HMOX1 and UGT1A1 gene promoters did not differ between NAFLD patients and controls, and no relationship was found in the NAFLD patients between these gene variants and any of the laboratory or histological parameters. In conclusion, metabolism of bilirubin is dysregulated in NAFLD patients, most likely due to increased oxidative stress, since frequencies of the major functional variants in the HMOX1 or UGT1A1 gene promoters did not have any effect on development of NAFLD in adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromír Petrtýl
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (K.D.); (V.Š.)
| | - Karel Dvořák
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (K.D.); (V.Š.)
| | - Jan Stříteský
- Institute of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Martin Leníček
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.L.); (A.J.); (M.H.)
| | - Alena Jirásková
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.L.); (A.J.); (M.H.)
| | - Václav Šmíd
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (K.D.); (V.Š.)
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.L.); (A.J.); (M.H.)
| | - Martin Haluzík
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.L.); (A.J.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radan Brůha
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (K.D.); (V.Š.)
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (L.V.); Tel.: +420-224-962-506 (R.B.); +420-224-964-203 (L.V.)
| | - Libor Vítek
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (K.D.); (V.Š.)
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.L.); (A.J.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (L.V.); Tel.: +420-224-962-506 (R.B.); +420-224-964-203 (L.V.)
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Abstract
Significance: As the central metabolic organ, the liver is exposed to a variety of potentially cytotoxic, proinflammatory, profibrotic, and carcinogenic stimuli. To protect the organism from these deleterious effects, the liver has evolved a number of defense systems, which include antioxidant substrates and enzymes, anti-inflammatory tools, enzymatic biotransformation systems, and metabolic pathways. Recent Advances: One of the pivotal systems that evolved during phylogenesis was the heme catabolic pathway. Comprising the important enzymes heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase, this complex pathway has a number of key functions including enzymatic activities, but also cell signaling, and DNA transcription. It further generates two important bile pigments, biliverdin and bilirubin, as well as the gaseous molecule carbon monoxide. These heme degradation products have potent antioxidant, immunosuppressive, and cytoprotective effects. Recent data suggest that the pathway participates in the regulation of metabolic and hormonal processes implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic and other diseases. Critical Issues: This review discusses the impact of the heme catabolic pathway on major liver diseases, with particular focus on the involvement of cellular targeting and signaling in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Future Directions: To utilize the biological consequences of the heme catabolic pathway, several unique therapeutic strategies have been developed. Research indicates that pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and lifestyle modifications positively affect the pathway, delivering potentially long-term clinical benefits. However, further well-designed studies are needed to confirm the clinical benefits of these approaches. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 734-752.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vítek
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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18
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Low Albumin, Low Bilirubin, and High Alfa-Fetoprotein Are Associated with a Rapid Renal Function Decline in a Large Population Follow-Up Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11080781. [PMID: 34442425 PMCID: PMC8400287 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid decline in renal function is associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and therefore it is important to identify those at high-risk of rapid renal function decline. The relationship between liver function and renal function is unclear. Therefore, in this longitudinal study, we aimed to investigate associations between liver function and rapid renal function decline. A total of 27,116 participants were enrolled from the Taiwan Biobank and followed for 3.8 years. A rapid decline in renal function was defined as a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥25%. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associations between liver function parameters (glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, albumin, α-fetoprotein [AFP], total bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) and eGFR decline ≥ 25%. The rate of eGFR decline of ≥25% was 4.7%. Multivariable analysis showed that low albumin (odds ratio [OR], 0.173; p < 0.001), high AFP (OR, 1.006; p = 0.010), and low total bilirubin (OR, 0.588; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with eGFR decline ≥ 25% in all study participants. After excluding abnormal liver function, low albumin (OR, 0.189; p < 0.001), high AFP (OR, 1.007; p = 0.011), and low total bilirubin (OR, 0.569; p = 0.001) were still significantly associated with an eGFR decline of ≥25%. The results of this large population-based cohort study showed associations between low albumin, low bilirubin, and high AFP with a rapid renal function decline. A greater understanding of potential risk factors for a rapid decline in renal function may help to reduce the burden of renal failure in this high-risk population.
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Jia Z, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Ding J, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Li Z. The prognostic value of serum bilirubin in colorectal cancer patients with surgical resection. Int J Biol Markers 2021; 36:17246008211036128. [PMID: 34374580 DOI: 10.1177/17246008211036128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Serum bilirubin plays an important role in antioxidant and anticancer processes. The inverse association between serum bilirubin and cancer risk have been widely reported in multiple cancers. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the prognostic impact of serum bilirubin in colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgical resection. METHODS The value of serum bilirubin including total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin were tested at pre-operatively in 330 colorectal cancer patients. The optimal cut-off values for these three biomarkers were determined by X-tile program. The relationship between serum bilirubin and outcomes were examined using Kaplan-Meier curves log-rank test, univariate and multivariate cox regression. Moreover, a number of risk factors were used to form a nomogram for evaluating risk of survival. RESULTS The optimal cut-off points of serum total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin were 19.5 μmol/L, 5.0 μmol/L and 8.1 μmol/L, respectively. Elevated total bilirubin and direct bilirubin were significantly associated with overall survival in surgical colorectal cancer patients. Additionally, predictive nomogram including total bilirubin and direct bilirubin for overall survival was established for predicting overall survival in surgical colorectal cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that preoperative elevated total bilirubin and direct bilirubin could be considered as independent prognostic biomarkers for poor overall survival of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjun Jia
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & 26481Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, PR China
| | - Zeyu Zhu
- Huaian Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, 223200, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & 26481Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, PR China
| | - Jing Ding
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & 26481Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, PR China
| | - Zhenzhong Lin
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & 26481Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & 26481Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & 26481Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, PR China
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Patients with Gilbert syndrome and type 2 diabetes have lower prevalence of microvascular complications. Metabol Open 2021; 11:100114. [PMID: 34386764 PMCID: PMC8346683 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Accumulating clinical evidence indicates an inverse relationship between oxidative stress and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of diabetes microvascular complications in patients with Gilbert syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Methods A total of 1200 electronic records with T2D were reviewed. From them, 50 patients with Gilbert syndrome (cases [indirect bilirubin ≥1.2 mg/dl without evidence of hemolysis or liver disease]) and 50 controls (T2D without hyperbilirubinemia) were included. Linear and logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the independent association between indirect hyperbilirubinemia with microvascular complications related with T2D. Results Both case and control group had the same proportion of gender (female = 20 [40 %]) and diabetes duration (14.0 ± 6.5 years) and similar mean of age (60 ± 9.6 and 60 ± 9.2 years, respectively, p = 0.91). The median of unconjugated bilirubin of case and control group was 1.4 (1.2–1.6) vs. 0.4 (0.2–0.6) mg/dl (p < 0.001), respectively. Patients with elevated unconjugated bilirubin had less urine albumin-creatinine ratio compared with control group (8.5 [4.3–23] vs. 80 [8–408] mg/g, p < 0.001), and lower rate of diabetes microvascular complications and metabolic syndrome. After adjustment for BMI, age, HbA1c, blood pressure, triglycerides, and the metabolic syndrome, the lineal regression analysis showed that unconjugated bilirubin protects against microalbuminuria in T2D patients (β = −414.11, 95 % CI [-747.9, −80.3], p = 0.006. Also, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia was independently associated with a better glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (β = 9.87, 95 % CI [1.5, 18.3], P = 0.02). Conclusions Patients with Gilbert syndrome and T2D had a lower prevalence of diabetes microvascular complications.
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Ríos-Arrabal S, Puentes-Pardo JD, Moreno-SanJuan S, Szuba Á, Casado J, García-Costela M, Escudero-Feliu J, Verbeni M, Cano C, González-Puga C, Martín-Lagos Maldonado A, Carazo Á, León J. Endothelin-1 as a Mediator of Heme Oxygenase-1-Induced Stemness in Colorectal Cancer: Influence of p53. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060509. [PMID: 34199777 PMCID: PMC8227293 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an antioxidant protein implicated in tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Elevated HO-1 expression is associated with stemness in several types of cancer, although this aspect has not yet been studied in colorectal cancer (CRC). Using an in vitro model, we demonstrated that HO-1 overexpression regulates stemness and resistance to 5-FU treatment, regardless of p53. In samples from CRC patients, HO-1 and endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) expression correlated significantly, and p53 had no influence on this result. Carbon monoxide (CO) activated the ECE-1/endothelin-1 (ET-1) pathway, which could account for the protumoral effects of HO-1 in p53 wild-type cells, as demonstrated after treatment with bosentan (an antagonist of both ETRA and ETRB endothelin-1 receptors). Surprisingly, in cells with a non-active p53 or a mutated p53 with gain-of-function, ECE-1-produced ET-1 acted as a protective molecule, since treatment with bosentan led to increased efficiency for spheres formation and percentage of cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers. In these cells, HO-1 could activate or inactivate certain unknown routes that could induce these contrary responses after treatment with bosentan in our cell model. However more research is warranted to confirm these results. Patients carrying tumors with a high expression of both HO-1 and ECE-1 and a non-wild-type p53 should be considered for HO-1 based-therapies instead of ET-1 antagonists-based ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ríos-Arrabal
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
| | - Jose D. Puentes-Pardo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Moreno-SanJuan
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
- Cytometry and Microscopy Research Service, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Ágata Szuba
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, Spain;
| | - Jorge Casado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
| | - María García-Costela
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
| | - Julia Escudero-Feliu
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
| | - Michela Verbeni
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación e Inteligencia Artificial, E.T.S. de Ingenierías Informática y de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain; (M.V.); (C.C.)
| | - Carlos Cano
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación e Inteligencia Artificial, E.T.S. de Ingenierías Informática y de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain; (M.V.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristina González-Puga
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Alicia Martín-Lagos Maldonado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel Carazo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
| | - Josefa León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; (S.R.-A.); (J.D.P.-P.); (S.M.-S.); (J.C.); (M.G.-C.); (J.E.-F.); (C.G.-P.); (A.M.-L.M.); (Á.C.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958023199
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Pavlovic Markovic A, Stojkovic Lalosevic M, Mijac DD, Milovanovic T, Dragasevic S, Sokic Milutinovic A, Krstic MN. Jaundice as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Problem: A General Practitioner's Approach. Dig Dis 2021; 40:362-369. [PMID: 34015787 DOI: 10.1159/000517301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jaundice is a common clinical finding in clinical practice of hepatologists and general practitioners. It occurs when serum bilirubin levels exceed 3 mg/dL. SUMMARY In this review, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanism of jaundice, clinical approach to the patient with jaundice, and laboratory and imaging techniques. Clinical presentation of jaundice manifests through yellow skin and sclera coloration. Evaluation of every patient includes detailed medical history and examination. In the laboratory, evaluation of enzymes of hepatic inflammation as well as cholestatic enzymes with serum bilirubin must be included. Additional laboratory analysis and imaging modalities are needed in order to differentiate jaundice etiology. Moreover, imaging is available and needed in further evaluation, and treatment is dependent on the underlying cause. KEY MESSAGES In this review, we will outline the pathophysiological mechanism of jaundice, clinical approach to the patient with jaundice, and diagnostic and treatment approach to these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pavlovic Markovic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Stojkovic Lalosevic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Dragana Danilo Mijac
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Milovanovic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Dragasevic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Sokic Milutinovic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miodrag N Krstic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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23
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He X, Yao Q, Fan D, Duan L, You Y, Liang W, Zhou Z, Teng S, Liang Z, Hall DD, Song LS, Chen B. Cephalosporin antibiotics specifically and selectively target nasopharyngeal carcinoma through HMOX1-induced ferroptosis. Life Sci 2021; 277:119457. [PMID: 33831425 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Many antibiotics derived from mold metabolites have been found to possess anticarcinogenic properties. We aimed to investigate whether they may elicit anticancer activity, especially against nasopharyngeal carcinoma. MAIN METHODS The response of nasopharyngeal and other carcinoma cell lines to cephalosporin antibiotics was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. MTT and clonogenic colony formation assays assessed the viability and proliferation of cultured cells. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell cycle parameters and apoptotic markers. Tumor growth was determined using a xenograft model in vivo. Microarray and RT-qPCR expression analyses investigate differential gene expression. Mechanistic assessment of HMOX1 in cefotaxime-mediated ferroptosis was tested with Protoporphyrin IX zinc. KEY FINDINGS Cephalosporin antibiotics showed highly specific and selective anticancer activity on nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells both in vitro and vivo with minimal toxicity. Cefotaxime sodium significantly regulated 11 anticancer relevant genes in CNE2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Pathway analyses indicate apoptotic and the ErbB-MAPK-p53 signaling pathways are significantly enriched. HMOX1 represents the top one ranked upregulated gene by COS and overlaps with 16 of 42 enriched apoptotic signaling pathways. Inhibition of HMOX1 significantly reduced the anticancer efficacy of cefotaxime in CNE2 cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our discovery is the first to highlight the off-label potential of cephalosporin antibiotics as a specific and selective anticancer drug for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We mechanistically show that induction of ferroptosis through HMOX1 induction mediates cefotaxime anticancer activity. Our findings provide an alternative treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma by showing that existing cephalosporin antibiotics are specific and selective anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong He
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Qian Yao
- Institute of Yunnan Cancer, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dan Fan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling Duan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yutong You
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenjing Liang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhangping Zhou
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Song Teng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Liang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Duane D Hall
- Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Biyi Chen
- Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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24
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Hou L, Li H, Si S, Yu Y, Sun X, Liu X, Yan R, Yu Y, Wang C, Yang F, Wang Q, Xue F. Exploring the causal pathway from bilirubin to CVD and diabetes in the UK biobank cohort study: Observational findings and Mendelian randomization studies. Atherosclerosis 2020; 320:112-121. [PMID: 33485635 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Some studies reported that mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels were associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. Whether these are causal relationships remains unclear. This study aims to examine the causal effects of bilirubin on CVD, diabetes and their subtypes. METHODS The data we used in this study includes individual data from the UK Biobank cohort with 331,002 white British participants, and summary data from published genome wide associations studies (GWAS) findings. We used individual data to perform logistic regression for the observational study and two-stage least squares method for the Mendelian randomization (MR) study. We also performed several traditional MR methods and MR-TRYX by summary data. RESULTS The observational study supported the association relationships between bilirubin and CVD and diabetes and their subtypes. Results of MR showed strong evidence for negative causal associations of loge total bilirubin with CVD [OR 0.92, 95%CI 0.88-0.95, p-value 2.15 × 10-6], coronary heart disease [OR 0.90, 95%CI 0.85-0.96, p-value 1.54 × 10-3] and hypertensive diseases [OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.88-0.95, p-value 5.89 × 10-6], but no evidence for diabetes [OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.86-1.02, p-value 0.14] and its subtypes. We also obtained similar results for direct bilirubin. We found that blood pressure, cholesterol, C-reactive protein, alcohol and white blood cell count played important roles in the causal pathway from bilirubin to CVD. Two sample MR and sensitivity analyses showed consistent results with one sample MR. CONCLUSIONS Genetically determined bilirubin was negatively associated with the risk of CVD but had no evident causal association with diabetes in the UK Biobank cohort of white British.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hou
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongkai Li
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shucheng Si
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoru Sun
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Yan
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Hahn D, Shin SH, Bae JS. Natural Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds in Foodstuff or Medicinal Herbs Inducing Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1191. [PMID: 33260980 PMCID: PMC7761319 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes heme group degradation. Decreased level of HO-1 is correlated with disease progression, and HO-1 induction suppresses development of metabolic and neurological disorders. Natural compounds with antioxidant activities have emerged as a rich source of HO-1 inducers with marginal toxicity. Here we discuss the therapeutic role of HO-1 in obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease and hepatic fibrosis, and present important signaling pathway components that lead to HO-1 expression. We provide an updated, comprehensive list of natural HO-1 inducers in foodstuff and medicinal herbs categorized by their chemical structures. Based on the continued research in HO-1 signaling pathways and rapid development of their natural inducers, HO-1 may serve as a preventive and therapeutic target for metabolic and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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26
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Jayanti S, Vítek L, Tiribelli C, Gazzin S. The Role of Bilirubin and the Other "Yellow Players" in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E900. [PMID: 32971784 PMCID: PMC7555389 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin is a yellow endogenous derivate of the heme catabolism. Since the 1980s, it has been recognized as one of the most potent antioxidants in nature, able to counteract 10,000× higher intracellular concentrations of H2O2. In the recent years, not only bilirubin, but also its precursor biliverdin, and the enzymes involved in their productions (namely heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase; altogether the "yellow players"-YPs) have been recognized playing a protective role in diseases characterized by a chronic prooxidant status. Based on that, there is an ongoing effort in inducing their activity as a therapeutic option. Nevertheless, the understanding of their specific contributions to pathological conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) and their role in these diseases are limited. In this review, we will focus on the most recent evidence linking the role of the YPs specifically to neurodegenerative and neurological conditions. Both the protective, as well as potentially worsening effects of the YP's activity will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Jayanti
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.J.); (C.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
- Molecular Biomedicine Ph.D. Program, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Libor Vítek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, and 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.J.); (C.T.)
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.J.); (C.T.)
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27
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Akhter F, Womack E, Vidal JE, Le Breton Y, McIver KS, Pawar S, Eichenbaum Z. Hemoglobin stimulates vigorous growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae and shapes the pathogen's global transcriptome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15202. [PMID: 32938947 PMCID: PMC7494912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) must acquire iron from the host to establish infection. We examined the impact of hemoglobin, the largest iron reservoir in the body, on pneumococcal physiology. Supplementation with hemoglobin allowed Spn to resume growth in an iron-deplete medium. Pneumococcal growth with hemoglobin was unusually robust, exhibiting a prolonged logarithmic growth, higher biomass, and extended viability in both iron-deplete and standard medium. We observed the hemoglobin-dependent response in multiple serotypes, but not with other host proteins, free iron, or heme. Remarkably, hemoglobin induced a sizable transcriptome remodeling, effecting virulence and metabolism in particular genes facilitating host glycoconjugates use. Accordingly, Spn was more adapted to grow on the human α − 1 acid glycoprotein as a sugar source with hemoglobin. A mutant in the hemoglobin/heme-binding protein Spbhp-37 was impaired for growth on heme and hemoglobin iron. The mutant exhibited reduced growth and iron content when grown in THYB and hemoglobin. In summary, the data show that hemoglobin is highly beneficial for Spn cultivation in vitro and suggest that hemoglobin might drive the pathogen adaptation in vivo. The hemoglobin receptor, Spbhp-37, plays a role in mediating the positive influence of hemoglobin. These novel findings provide intriguing insights into pneumococcal interactions with its obligate human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmina Akhter
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edroyal Womack
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jorge E Vidal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yoann Le Breton
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP), College Park, MD, USA.,Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kevin S McIver
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP), College Park, MD, USA
| | - Shrikant Pawar
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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28
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Hansen TWR, Wong RJ, Stevenson DK. Molecular Physiology and Pathophysiology of Bilirubin Handling by the Blood, Liver, Intestine, and Brain in the Newborn. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1291-1346. [PMID: 32401177 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00004.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin is the end product of heme catabolism formed during a process that involves oxidation-reduction reactions and conserves iron body stores. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is common in newborn infants, but rare later in life. The basic physiology of bilirubin metabolism, such as production, transport, and excretion, has been well described. However, in the neonate, numerous variables related to nutrition, ethnicity, and genetic variants at several metabolic steps may be superimposed on the normal physiological hyperbilirubinemia that occurs in the first week of life and results in bilirubin levels that may be toxic to the brain. Bilirubin exists in several isomeric forms that differ in their polarities and is considered a physiologically important antioxidant. Here we review the chemistry of the bilirubin molecule and its metabolism in the body with a particular focus on the processes that impact the newborn infant, and how differences relative to older children and adults contribute to the risk of developing both acute and long-term neurological sequelae in the newborn infant. The final section deals with the interplay between the brain and bilirubin and its entry, clearance, and accumulation. We conclude with a discussion of the current state of knowledge regarding the mechanism(s) of bilirubin neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thor W R Hansen
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ronald J Wong
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - David K Stevenson
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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29
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Vítek L. Bilirubin as a signaling molecule. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1335-1351. [PMID: 32017160 DOI: 10.1002/med.21660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
For long time bilirubin was only considered as a potentially dangerous sign of liver diseases, but it now appears clear that it is also a powerful signaling molecule. Together with potent antioxidant activities that were only reported in the last few decades, many other biological effects have now been clearly described. These include especially profound inhibitory effects on almost all effectors of the immune system, with their clinical consequences in the bilirubin-mediated protection against autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Separate from these, bilirubin activates various nuclear and cytoplasmic receptors, resembling the endocrine activities of actual hormonal substances. This is true for the "classical" hepatic nuclear receptors, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, or the constitutive androstane receptor; and also for some lesser-explored receptors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ; Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor; or other signaling molecules including fatty acid binding protein 1, apolipoprotein D, or reactive oxygen species. All of these targets have broad metabolic effects, which in turn may offer protection against obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other metabolic diseases. The (mostly experimental) data are also supported by clinical evidence. In fact, data from the last three decades have convincingly demonstrated the protective effects of mildly elevated serum bilirubin concentrations against various "diseases of civilization." Additionally, even tiny, micromolar changes of serum bilirubin concentrations have been associated with substantial alteration in the risks of these diseases. It is highly likely that all of the biological activities of bilirubin have yet to be exhaustively explored, and thus we can expect further clinical discoveries about this evolutionarily old molecule into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vítek
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General Faculty Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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30
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Circulating total bilirubin and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the PREVEND study: observational findings and a Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Epidemiol 2019; 35:123-137. [PMID: 31773475 PMCID: PMC7125247 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-019-00589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between circulating total bilirubin and incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is uncertain. We aimed to assess the association of total bilirubin with the risk of new-onset NAFLD and investigate any causal relevance to the association using a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Plasma total bilirubin levels were measured at baseline in the PREVEND prospective study of 3824 participants (aged 28–75 years) without pre-existing cardiovascular disease or NAFLD. Incident NAFLD was estimated using the biomarker-based algorithms, fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI). Odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals) for NAFLD were assessed. The genetic variant rs6742078 located in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1) locus was used as an instrumental variable. Participants were followed up for a mean duration of 4.2 years. The multivariable adjusted OR (95% CIs) for NAFLD as estimated by FLI (434 cases) was 0.82 (0.73–0.92; p = 0.001) per 1 standard deviation (SD) change in loge total bilirubin. The corresponding adjusted OR (95% CIs) for NAFLD as estimated by HSI (452 cases) was 0.87 (0.78–0.97; p = 0.012). The rs6742078 variant explained 20% of bilirubin variation. The ORs (95% CIs) for a 1 SD genetically elevated total bilirubin level was 0.98 (0.69–1.38; p = 0.900) for FLI and 1.14 (0.81–1.59; p = 0.451) for HSI. Elevated levels of total bilirubin were not causally associated with decreased risk of NAFLD based on MR analysis. The observational association may be driven by biases such as unmeasured confounding and/or reverse causation. However, due to low statistical power, larger-scale investigations are necessary to draw definitive conclusions.
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31
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Zhong P, Sun D, Wu D, Liu X. Total bilirubin is negatively related to diabetes mellitus in Chinese elderly: a community study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:474. [PMID: 31700910 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Serum total bilirubin (TB) was used as a predictor of diabetes mellitus (DM) and this study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum TB and DM. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 3,867 subjects older than 65 years were recruited from East China. The anthropometric data, lifestyle and past history were collected. The fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), TB and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were detected. The prevalence of DM was calculated for every serum TB quartile. Logistic regression analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between serum TB and DM. Results Serum TB was significantly higher in non-DM than DM patients (P=0.001). Serum TB was negatively related to the prevalence of DM (P=0.004). Logistic regression analysis revealed that serum TB was an independent prognostic factor of DM [odds ratio (OR): 0.876, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.807-0.951]. Conclusions Our results showed serum TB in physiological range is an independent risk factor of DM in old people; the prevalence of DM in old people has a linear relationship with serum TB quartiles; the prevalence of DM reduces with the increasing of serum TB within physiological range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Dongmei Sun
- Puxing Community Health Service Centers, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200129, China
| | - Danhong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xueyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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Andreas M, Oeser C, Kainz FM, Shabanian S, Aref T, Bilban M, Messner B, Heidtmann J, Laufer G, Kocher A, Wolzt M. Intravenous Heme Arginate Induces HO-1 (Heme Oxygenase-1) in the Human Heart. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2755-2762. [PMID: 30354231 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) induction may prevent or reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury. We previously evaluated its in vivo induction after a single systemic administration of heme arginate in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The current trial was designed to assess the pharmacological tissue induction of HO-1 in the human heart with heme arginate in vivo. Approach and Results- Patients planned for conventional aortic valve replacement received placebo (n=8), 1 mg/kg (n=7) or 3 mg/kg (n=9) heme arginate infused intravenously 24 hours before surgery. A biopsy of the right ventricle was performed directly before aortic cross-clamping and after cross-clamp release. In addition, the right atrial appendage was partially removed for analysis. HO-1 protein and mRNA concentrations were measured in tissue samples and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells before to and up to 72 hours after surgery. No study medication-related adverse events occurred. A strong, dose-dependent effect on myocardial HO-1 mRNA levels was observed (right ventricle: 7.9±5.0 versus 88.6±49.1 versus 203.6±148.7; P=0.002 and right atrium: 10.8±8.8 versus 229.8±173.1 versus 392.7±195.7; P=0.001). This was paralleled by a profound increase of HO-1 protein concentration in atrial tissue (8401±3889 versus 28 585±10 692 versus 29 022±8583; P<0.001). Surgery and heme arginate infusion significantly increased HO-1 mRNA concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( P<0.001). HO-1 induction led to a significant increase of postoperative carboxyhemoglobin (1.7% versus 1.4%; P=0.041). No effect on plasma HO-1 protein levels could be detected. Conclusions- Myocardial HO-1 mRNA and protein can be dose-dependently induced by heme arginate. Protective effects of this therapeutic strategy should be evaluated in upcoming clinical trials. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02314780.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Andreas
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Oeser
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Frieda-Maria Kainz
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Shiva Shabanian
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Tandis Aref
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (M.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (M.B., M.W.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Messner
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Heidtmann
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Guenther Laufer
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Kocher
- From the Department of Cardiac Surgery (M.A., C.O., F.-M.K., S.S., T.A., B.M., J.H., G.L., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Wolzt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology (M.B., M.W.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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The Relationship between Serum Bilirubin and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:5256460. [PMID: 31148945 PMCID: PMC6501121 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5256460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The associations between serum total bilirubin (sTB) levels, inflammatory marker levels, and disease activity are not well understood in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The present study investigated the association between sTB levels and disease activity in patients with IBD. We conducted a retrospective study with a total of 242 consecutive patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 211 consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score was used to assess disease activity in patients with CD and the Mayo score of patients with UC. 255 clinically healthy subjects comprised the control group, which come from the same geographic area as the IBD group. We retrieved the clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with IBD from the medical records. Patients with IBD displayed significantly lower sTB levels than controls. sTB levels were negatively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), fecal calprotectin (FC), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in patients with IBD. Additionally, there was a negative association between sTB levels and the CDAI score of patients with CD. sTB levels were also negatively associated with the Mayo score of patients with UC. IBD patients had lower sTB levels when compared with controls, and there was a negative correlation between sTB levels and disease activity in patients with IBD. Increased reactive oxygen species production in IBD is likely to be responsible for increased consumption of bilirubin in patients with IBD, leading to further intestinal injury. Reducing oxidative stress may be therapeutic for these patients.
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Meech R, Hu DG, McKinnon RA, Mubarokah SN, Haines AZ, Nair PC, Rowland A, Mackenzie PI. The UDP-Glycosyltransferase (UGT) Superfamily: New Members, New Functions, and Novel Paradigms. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:1153-1222. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00058.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the covalent addition of sugars to a broad range of lipophilic molecules. This biotransformation plays a critical role in elimination of a broad range of exogenous chemicals and by-products of endogenous metabolism, and also controls the levels and distribution of many endogenous signaling molecules. In mammals, the superfamily comprises four families: UGT1, UGT2, UGT3, and UGT8. UGT1 and UGT2 enzymes have important roles in pharmacology and toxicology including contributing to interindividual differences in drug disposition as well as to cancer risk. These UGTs are highly expressed in organs of detoxification (e.g., liver, kidney, intestine) and can be induced by pathways that sense demand for detoxification and for modulation of endobiotic signaling molecules. The functions of the UGT3 and UGT8 family enzymes have only been characterized relatively recently; these enzymes show different UDP-sugar preferences to that of UGT1 and UGT2 enzymes, and to date, their contributions to drug metabolism appear to be relatively minor. This review summarizes and provides critical analysis of the current state of research into all four families of UGT enzymes. Key areas discussed include the roles of UGTs in drug metabolism, cancer risk, and regulation of signaling, as well as the transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of UGT expression and function. The latter part of this review provides an in-depth analysis of the known and predicted functions of UGT3 and UGT8 enzymes, focused on their likely roles in modulation of levels of endogenous signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dong Gui Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ross A. McKinnon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Siti Nurul Mubarokah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alex Z. Haines
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Pramod C. Nair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Rowland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter I. Mackenzie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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Nandi S, Biswas S. A recyclable post-synthetically modified Al(iii) based metal–organic framework for fast and selective fluorogenic recognition of bilirubin in human biofluids. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9266-9275. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01180c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ultra-fast, highly sensitive and selective sensing features of bilirubin in human biofluids by a post-synthetically modified Al(iii) MOF are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soutick Nandi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
| | - Shyam Biswas
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
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A Dual Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010039. [PMID: 30583467 PMCID: PMC6337503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is known to metabolize heme into biliverdin/bilirubin, carbon monoxide, and ferrous iron, and it has been suggested to demonstrate cytoprotective effects against various stress-related conditions. HO-1 is commonly regarded as a survival molecule, exerting an important role in cancer progression and its inhibition is considered beneficial in a number of cancers. However, increasing studies have shown a dark side of HO-1, in which HO-1 acts as a critical mediator in ferroptosis induction and plays a causative factor for the progression of several diseases. Ferroptosis is a newly identified iron- and lipid peroxidation-dependent cell death. The critical role of HO-1 in heme metabolism makes it an important candidate to mediate protective or detrimental effects via ferroptosis induction. This review summarizes the current understanding on the regulatory mechanisms of HO-1 in ferroptosis. The amount of cellular iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the determinative momentum for the role of HO-1, in which excessive cellular iron and ROS tend to enforce HO-1 from a protective role to a perpetrator. Despite the dark side that is related to cell death, there is a prospective application of HO-1 to mediate ferroptosis for cancer therapy as a chemotherapeutic strategy against tumors.
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Shan H, Li T, Zhang L, Yang R, Li Y, Zhang M, Dong Y, Zhou Y, Xu C, Yang B, Liang H, Gao X, Shan H. Heme oxygenase-1 prevents heart against myocardial infarction by attenuating ischemic injury-induced cardiomyocytes senescence. EBioMedicine 2018; 39:59-68. [PMID: 30527623 PMCID: PMC6355645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cellular senescence is a stable cell-cycle arrest induced by telomere shortening and various types of cellular stress including oxidative stress, oncogene activation, DNA damage etc. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible stress-response protein that plays antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of HO-1 in cellular senescence in heart are largely unknown. Methods Echocardiography was employed to detect the effect of HO-1 on heart function in adult mice with myocardial infarction (MI) and aged mice. The senescence markers, p53, p16 and LaminB, were analyzed by western blot. The immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were applied to analyze the expression level of p16. SA-β-Gal staining showed the level of cardiomyocyte senescence. Findings We found that hemin significantly induced the expression of HO-1, which notably suppressed cardiomyocyte senescence containing the secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Further studies showed that systemic HO-1 transgenic overexpression improved heart function by inhibiting aging-induced extracellular matrix deposition and fibrogenesis. More importantly, treatment of hemin improved heart function in MI mice. Furthermore, forced expression of HO-1 blunted cardiomyocyte senescence in natural aged mice and in primary cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. Interpretation Our study revealed that HO-1 improved heart function and attenuated cardiomyocyte senescence triggered by ischemic injury and aging. In addition, HO-1 induction alleviated H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte senescence. Finally, our study suggested a novel mechanism of HO-1 to play cardioprotective effect. Fund This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81770284 to Hongli Shan); and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673425, 81872863 to Yuhong Zhou). The National Natural Science Foundation of China (81473213 to Chaoqian Xu). National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC1307403 to Baofeng Yang), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81730012 to Baofeng Yang).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitong Shan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Lijia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Yuechao Dong
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Xu Gao
- Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research of Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Hongli Shan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
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Kwon YJ, Lee YJ, Park BJ, Hong KW, Jung DH. Total serum bilirubin and 8-year incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2018; 44:346-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Farzaei MH, Zobeiri M, Parvizi F, El-Senduny FF, Marmouzi I, Coy-Barrera E, Naseri R, Nabavi SM, Rahimi R, Abdollahi M. Curcumin in Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review of the Cellular Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress and Clinical Perspective. Nutrients 2018; 10:E855. [PMID: 29966389 PMCID: PMC6073929 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been considered a key causing factor of liver damage induced by a variety of agents, including alcohol, drugs, viral infections, environmental pollutants and dietary components, which in turn results in progression of liver injury, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, non-alcoholic liver disease, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. During the past 30 years and even after the major progress in the liver disease management, millions of people worldwide still suffer from an acute or chronic liver condition. Curcumin is one of the most commonly used indigenous molecules endowed by various shielding functionalities that protects the liver. The aim of the present study is to comprehensively review pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms, as well as clinical evidence, of curcumin as a lead compound in the prevention and treatment of oxidative associated liver diseases. For this purpose, electronic databases including “Scopus,” “PubMed,” “Science Direct” and “Cochrane library” were extensively searched with the keywords “curcumin or curcuminoids” and “hepatoprotective or hepatotoxicity or liver” along with “oxidative or oxidant.” Results showed that curcumin exerts remarkable protective and therapeutic effects of oxidative associated liver diseases through various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Those mechanisms include suppressing the proinflammatory cytokines, lipid perodixation products, PI3K/Akt and hepatic stellate cells activation, as well as ameliorating cellular responses to oxidative stress such as the expression of Nrf2, SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx and GR. Taking together, curcumin itself acts as a free radical scavenger over the activity of different kinds of ROS via its phenolic, β-diketone and methoxy group. Further clinical studies are still needed in order to recognize the structure-activity relationships and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in oxidative associated liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Zobeiri
- Internal Medicine Department, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Parvizi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Fardous F El-Senduny
- Biochemistry division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ilias Marmouzi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco.
| | - Ericsson Coy-Barrera
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Campus Nueva Granada, Cajicá 250247, Colombia.
| | - Rozita Naseri
- Internal Medicine Department, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baghyatollah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran.
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Persian Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416663361, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
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Kolgiri V, Nagar V, Patil V. Association of serum total bilirubin and plasma 8-OHdG in HIV/AIDS patients. Interv Med Appl Sci 2018; 10:76-82. [PMID: 30363337 PMCID: PMC6167622 DOI: 10.1556/1646.10.2018.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major contributor in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) and DNA damage in HIV/AIDS patients. Bilirubin has been shown to have antioxidant effects. In this case-control study, 600 subjects were included. We determined serum total bilirubin and IR in all subjects. We measured 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine with 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. IR and oxidative DNA damage were significantly higher in HIV-positive patients with second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) and first-line ART than ART-naive patients. However, average serum total bilirubin was higher in ART-naive patients than the HIV-positive patients with second-line ART and first-line ART. In a logistic regression analysis, serum total bilirubin was negatively associated with the IR [odds ratio (OR): 0.0127, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.023–0.070, p = 0.0000] and DNA damage (OR: 0.525, 95% CI: 0.351–0.783, p = 0.0016). We found that prevalence of IR and DNA damage was less in ART-naive patients compared with ART first-line and ART second-line HIV-positive patients. Larger studies are warranted to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in the negative association of serum bilirubin and DNA damage in ART naive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Kolgiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, Grant Government Medical College, Sir J J Groups of Hospitals, Mumbai, India
| | - Vidya Nagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, Grant Government Medical College, Sir J J Groups of Hospitals, Mumbai, India
| | - Vinayak Patil
- Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, Grant Government Medical College, Sir J J Groups of Hospitals, Mumbai, India
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Hu H, Wang A, Huang L, Zou Y, Gu Y, Chen X, Zhao Y, Yang Y. Monitoring cellular redox state under hypoxia using a fluorescent sensor based on eel fluorescent protein. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:255-265. [PMID: 29580984 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Genetically encoded fluorescent sensors are widely used to visualize secondary messengers, metabolites and dynamic events in living cells. However, almost all of these sensors are based on Aequorea GFPs or GFP-like proteins, which do not correctly maturate and fluoresce under hypoxia or anoxic conditions, greatly limiting their application in biomedical research. Herein, we provide a novel strategy for design of sensors and report a series of thiol redox-sensitive sensor based on a recently discovered oxygen-independent fluorescent protein UnaG from Japanese eel. These redox sensors have large dynamic range, rapid responsiveness, a flexible "switch", and pH-independence, are particularly compatible with hypoxia conditions, and therefore represent a substantial improvement for live-cell redox measurement. We further demonstrated the versatility of these redox sensors, by simultaneously monitoring redox changes and hypoxia state in living cells, thereby proving its capability as a powerful and flexible tool for indexing multidimensional metabolism data in the context of physiological stressors and pathological states. These redox sensors are not only the first case of UnaG-based functional sensors, but also the first case of functional sensors based on non GFP-like proteins. Based on this strategy, more oxygen-independent biosensors could be developed, hence, provide new opportunities for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyang Hu
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li Huang
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yejun Zou
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanfang Gu
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xianjun Chen
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Chmielewski P, Strzelec B, Chmielowiec J, Chmielowiec K, Borysławski K. Association of serum bilirubin with longevity: Evidence from a retrospective longitudinal study and cross-sectional data. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/anre-2017-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Bilirubin is a potent antioxidant and an important anti-inflammatory factor. Therefore, there has been an increasing focus on serum bilirubin as a negative risk factor of cardiovascular mortality in men and an indicator of improved survival in both sexes, but the direct mechanisms of these links and the causes of sex differences are not well understood. Moreover, the evidence from longitudinal studies on effects of bilirubin on longevity is limited. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed two groups of older adults to explore age-dependent changes in serum bilirubin levels and their associations with long-term survival in both sexes. Longitudinal data from 142 individuals (68 men and 74 women) aged 45 to 70 years were compared with cross-sectional data from 225 individuals (113 men and 112 women). The latter group was divided into four categories of survival, i.e. 53, 63, 68, and 76+ based on data on lifespan. ANOVA, t-test, and regression analysis were run. The analysis of the longitudinal data showed an increase in serum total bilirubin levels in men (0.3038e0.093x, R2 = 0.667) and women (0.1838e0.0187x, R2 = 0.950), while the analysis of cross-sectional data revealed a U-shaped pattern of age-related changes in men (0.001x2 - 0.1263x + 4.4524, R2 = 0.999) but an inverted U-shaped pattern in women (0.0006x2 + 0.072x - 1.6924, R2 = 0.195). On balance, these results suggest that elevated but normal bilirubin levels might confer a survival advantage in older men but not women. Alternatively, the positive relationship between serum total bilirubin and lifespan was not causal but coincidental. Further studies are needed to elucidate the direct mechanisms of the association between serum bilirubin levels and longevity in elderly people of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Chmielewski
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Strzelec
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
- Department and Clinic of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Jolanta Chmielowiec
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Zielona Gora , Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Borysławski
- Department of Anthropology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
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Kunutsor SK, Kieneker LM, Burgess S, Bakker SJL, Dullaart RPF. Circulating Total Bilirubin and Future Risk of Hypertension in the General Population: The Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) Prospective Study and a Mendelian Randomization Approach. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e006503. [PMID: 29133521 PMCID: PMC5721749 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating total bilirubin is known to be inversely and independently associated with future risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship of circulating total bilirubin with incident hypertension is uncertain. We aimed to assess the association of total bilirubin with future hypertension risk and supplemented this with a Mendelian randomization approach to investigate any causal relevance to the association. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma total bilirubin levels were measured at baseline in the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease) prospective study of 3989 men and women without hypertension. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of total bilirubin with incident hypertension were assessed. New-onset hypertension was recorded in 1206 participants during a median follow-up of 10.7 years. Baseline total bilirubin was approximately log-linearly associated with hypertension risk. Age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio for hypertension per 1-SD increase in loge total bilirubin was 0.86 (0.81-0.92; P<0.001), which was attenuated to 0.94 (0.88-0.99; P=0.040) after further adjustment for established risk factors and other potential confounders. The association was marginally significant on further adjustment for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (0.94; 0.88-1.00; P=0.067). A genetic variant at the UGT1A1*28 locus consistently shown to be strongly associated with circulating bilirubin levels-rs6742078-was not significantly associated with blood pressure or hypertension (P>0.05 for all), arguing against a strong causal association of circulating bilirubin with blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS The weak and inverse association of circulating total bilirubin with future hypertension risk may be driven by biases such as unmeasured confounding and/or reverse causation. Further evaluation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setor K Kunutsor
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lyanne M Kieneker
- Department of Nephrology Medicine, University of Groningen and University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Nephrology Medicine, University of Groningen and University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Serum Bilirubin Levels and Promoter Variations in HMOX1 and UGT1A1 Genes in Patients with Fabry Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9478946. [PMID: 28951772 PMCID: PMC5603749 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9478946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess the possible relationships among heme oxygenase (HMOX), bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT1A1) promoter gene variations, serum bilirubin levels, and Fabry disease (FD). The study included 56 patients with FD (M : F ratio = 0.65) and 185 healthy individuals. Complete standard laboratory and clinical work-up was performed on all subjects, together with the determination of total peroxyl radical-scavenging capacity. The (GT)n and (TA)n dinucleotide variations in the HMOX1 and UGT1A1 gene promoters, respectively, were determined by DNA fragment analysis. Compared to controls, patients with FD had substantially lower serum bilirubin levels (12.0 versus 8.85 μmol/L, p = 0.003) and also total antioxidant capacity (p < 0.05), which showed a close positive relationship with serum bilirubin levels (p = 0.067) and the use of enzyme replacement therapy (p = 0.036). There was no association between HMOX1 gene promoter polymorphism and manifestation of FD. However, the presence of the TA7 allele UGT1A1 gene promoter, responsible for higher systemic bilirubin levels, was associated with a twofold lower risk of manifestation of FD (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.27-0.97, p = 0.038). Markedly lower serum bilirubin levels in FD patients seem to be due to bilirubin consumption during increased oxidative stress, although UGT1A1 promoter gene polymorphism may modify the manifestation of FD as well.
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De Mattia E, Cecchin E, Polesel J, Lupo F, Tiribelli C, Crovatto M, Buonadonna A, Toffoli G. UGT1A polymorphisms as genetic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma risk in Caucasian population. Liver Int 2017; 37:1345-1353. [PMID: 28294511 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The definition of new biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk, especially in high-risk HBV/HCV-positive population, is urgently needed to improve HCC clinical management. This study focused on variants of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1A) enzymes that catalyse the reaction of glucuronidation, one of the most important chemical defence pathway of the body. The aim of this study was to elucidate the contribution of UGT1A polymorphisms in predicting HCC susceptibility in Caucasians. METHODS In this retrospective case-control analysis, 192 HCC liver transplanted patients represent the study group. Two age/sex-matched groups were used as control, one composed of 167 HBV- and/or HCV-infected individuals, and the other of 192 healthy subjects. All the cases were characterized for a panel of UGT1A1, UGT1A7 and UGT1A9 variants. The study end-point was the association between UGT1A markers and HCC onset. RESULTS UGT1A7*3 allele emerged as a protective marker for HCC development among both high-risk HBV/HCV-positive patients (OR=0.64, P=.0026), and healthy subjects (OR=0.47, P=.0051). UGT1A1*28 (OR=0.61, P=.0013) and UGT1A9*22 (OR=2.18, P=.0003) alleles were also associated to HCC occurrence, especially among healthy subjects. UGT1A haplotype, summarizing the UGT1A genetic alterations, confirmed the protective role against HCC development emerged for low-activity alleles. The observed associations could probably be linked to an increase of serum levels of health-beneficial molecules including free bilirubin. CONCLUSION A predictive effect of UGT1A polymorphisms on HCC risk was identified. If confirmed, these findings could contribute to improve the HCC surveillance, treatment tailoring and patients care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Mattia
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, CRO-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, CRO-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Francesco Lupo
- General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplantation Center, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA science Park, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marina Crovatto
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Angela Buonadonna
- Medical Oncology Unit, CRO-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, CRO-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
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Abstract
Bilirubin is the final product of heme catabolism in the systemic circulation. For decades, increased serum/plasma bilirubin levels were considered an ominous sign of an underlying liver disease. However, data from recent years convincingly suggest that mildly elevated bilirubin concentrations are associated with protection against various oxidative stress-mediated diseases, atherosclerotic conditions being the most clinically relevant. Although scarce data on beneficial effects of bilirubin had been published also in the past, it took until 1994 when the first clinical study demonstrated an increased risk of coronary heart disease in subjects with low serum bilirubin levels, and bilirubin was found to be a risk factor for atherosclerotic diseases independent of standard risk factors. Consistent with these results, we proved in our own studies, that subjects with mild elevation of serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin (benign hyperbilirubinemia, Gilbert syndrome) have much lower prevalence/incidence of coronary heart as well as peripheral vascular disease. We have also demonstrated that this association is even more general, with serum bilirubin being a biomarker of numerous other diseases, often associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis. In addition, very recent data have demonstrated biological pathways modulated by bilirubin, which are responsible for observed strong clinical associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vítek
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Peng YF, Deng YB. Serum Bilirubin Concentrations in Patients With Takayasu Arteritis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017; 141:846-850. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0362-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Context.—
Bilirubin has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress action. Progression of inflammation involving arteries is a crucial activator in pathogenesis of Takayasu arteritis (TA).
Objective.—
To investigate the relationship between serum bilirubin and TA.
Design.—
Our study involved 115 consecutive TA patients. Patients with active-phase disease were followed and received prednisone therapy.
Results.—
Lower concentrations of serum bilirubin were detected in TA patients compared with healthy subjects (0.6 ± 0.31 versus 0.7 ± 0.22 mg/dL, P = .02). Serum bilirubin concentrations in active TA patients were lower than those in inactive patients (0.5 ± 0.20 versus 0.8 ± 0.32 mg/dL, P < .001). In all patients with TA, serum bilirubin correlated positively with total protein (r = 0.193, P = .04) and negatively with C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = −0.213, P = .03, and r = −0.532, P < .001, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that each decrease of 1 mg/dL in serum bilirubin was associated with a 1.10 times increase in the odds for TA compared with the controls (odds ratio = 0.913, 95% CI, 0.856–0.974; P = .006). Serum bilirubin was correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (β = −0.170, P < .001) in multiple linear regression analysis. The area under the curve for serum bilirubin in predicting active TA patients was 0.802. Serum bilirubin levels were found to be significantly increased after prednisone treatment (0.5 ± 0.20 versus 0.7 ± 0.15 mg/dL, P = .002).
Conclusions.—
Lower serum bilirubin levels are associated with TA, and serum bilirubin may be influenced by prednisone therapy in active TA patients. Serum bilirubin levels in TA patients correlate negatively with erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi-Bin Deng
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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Peng YF, Wang JL, Pan GG. The correlation of serum bilirubin levels with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 469:187-190. [PMID: 28410854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the relationship between serum bilirubin and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We included a total of 173 consecutive RA patients without steroid treatment and 346 healthy subjects; the disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) was used to assess disease activity in patients with RA. RESULTS Serum bilirubin concentrations were significantly lower in RA patients than in controls. Serum bilirubin was found to be negatively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r=-0.165, P=0.030; r=-192, P=0.012) in patients with RA. There was a negative correlation between the serum bilirubin and DAS28 score (r=-0.331, P<0.001). Serum bilirubin was independently associated with the DAS28 score (b=-0.225, P=0.001) in the multiple linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Serum bilirubin concentrations are lower in patients with RA compared to controls and correlate with disease activity in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Fan Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China.
| | - Jun-Li Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Guo-Gang Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
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Characteristics of the heme catabolic pathway in mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and their associations with inflammation and disease prevention. Sci Rep 2017; 7:755. [PMID: 28389660 PMCID: PMC5429724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme catabolism exerts physiological functions that impact health through depressing inflammation. Upon reactive pathway progression, as in Gilbert’s Syndrome (GS; UGT1A1*28 polymorphism), aggravated health effects have been determined. Based on lower inflammation and improved metabolic health reported for GS, inter-group differences in heme catabolism were explored. Therefore, a case-control study including 120 fasted, healthy, age- and gender matched subjects with/without GS, was conducted. Genetic expressions of HMOX-1 and BLVRA were measured. Additionally participants were genotyped for those polymorphisms that are known (UGT1A1*28) or likely (HMOX-1 microsatellites) to impact bilirubinemia. Intracellular interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα), circulatory C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hpt) were analysed as inflammatory markers. To assess intracellular heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) isolated PBMCs were used. In GS vs. C, inflammation markers were significantly decreased. This was supported by an altered heme catabolism, indirectly reflecting in elevated unconjugated bilirubin (UCB; main phenotypic feature of GS) and iron, decreased hemopexin (Hpx) and Hpt and in up-regulated biliverdin reductase (BLVRA) gene expressions. Moreover, HMOX (GT)n short alleles were non-significantly more prominent in female GS individuals. Herewith, we propose a concept to elucidate why GS individuals encounter lower inflammation, and are thus less prone to oxidative-stress mediated diseases.
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Karuppannasamy D, Venkatesan R, Thankappan L, Andavar R, Devisundaram S. Inverse Association between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:NC09-NC12. [PMID: 28384901 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/24259.9452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and serum bilirubin has been shown to have antioxidant properties. AIM To investigate the association between serum bilirubin concentration and DR in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a hospital based, cross- sectional study where in 86 patients with Type 2 DM and 30 controls were recruited. The study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Southern India between January 2014 and December 2014. The presence and the severity of DR were determined by fundus examination and grading of colour fundus photographs using the international clinical disease severity scale for DR. Serum total, direct and indirect bilirubin levels were determined in all subjects and the association between bilirubin levels and severity of DR was studied. RESULTS Among the 86 diabetics, 24 had no retinopathy and 62 had DR of varying grades. The mean total bilirubin level among diabetic subjects (0.52±0.17) and controls (0.51±0.19) were found to be similar. The mean total as well as direct bilirubin levels were found to be lower in patients with retinopathy as compared to no retinopathy group (p<0.001). The severity of DR was inversely proportional to the serum bilirubin levels (p=0.010). Serum total bilirubin was found to have a negative association with glycosylated haemoglobin and served as an independent determinant of DR even after adjusting for risk factors known to be associated with DR (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Low serum bilirubin levels are significantly associated with increased risk of DR independent of classic risk factors. Serum bilirubin can serve as a useful biomarker in identifying patients at risk for developing proliferative DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Karuppannasamy
- Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research , Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raghuram Venkatesan
- Medical Officer, Department of Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospitals , Theni, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Lekha Thankappan
- Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research , Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raghuram Andavar
- Consultant Vitreoretinal Surgeon, Department of Ophthalmology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research , Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sundar Devisundaram
- Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research , Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
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