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Atila C, Refardt J, Christ-Crain M. Arginine vasopressin deficiency: diagnosis, management and the relevance of oxytocin deficiency. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:487-500. [PMID: 38693275 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Polyuria-polydipsia syndrome can be caused by central diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus or primary polydipsia. To avoid confusion with diabetes mellitus, the name 'central diabetes insipidus' was changed in 2022 to arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency and 'nephrogenic diabetes insipidus' was renamed as AVP resistance. To differentiate the three entities, various osmotic and non-osmotic copeptin-based stimulation tests have been introduced in the past decade. The hypertonic saline test plus plasma copeptin measurement emerged as the test with highest diagnostic accuracy, replacing the water deprivation test as the gold standard in differential diagnosis of the polyuria-polydipsia syndrome. The mainstay of treatment for AVP deficiency is AVP replacement with desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of AVP specific for AVP receptor 2 (AVPR2), which usually leads to rapid improvements in polyuria and polydipsia. The main adverse effect of desmopressin is dilutional hyponatraemia, which can be reduced by regularly performing the so-called desmopressin escape method. Evidence from the past few years suggests an additional oxytocin deficiency in patients with AVP deficiency. This potential deficiency should be further evaluated in future studies, including feasible provocation tests for clinical practice and interventional trials with oxytocin substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Atila
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research University of Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julie Refardt
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research University of Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Christ-Crain
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Clinical Research University of Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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2
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Roof E, Deal CL, McCandless SE, Cowan RL, Miller JL, Hamilton JK, Roeder ER, McCormack SE, Roshan Lal TR, Abdul-Latif HD, Haqq AM, Obrynba KS, Torchen LC, Vidmar AP, Viskochil DH, Chanoine JP, Lam CKL, Pierce MJ, Williams LL, Bird LM, Butler MG, Jensen DE, Myers SE, Oatman OJ, Baskaran C, Chalmers LJ, Fu C, Alos N, McLean SD, Shah A, Whitman BY, Blumenstein BA, Leonard SF, Ernest JP, Cormier JW, Cotter SP, Ryman DC. Intranasal Carbetocin Reduces Hyperphagia, Anxiousness, and Distress in Prader-Willi Syndrome: CARE-PWS Phase 3 Trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1696-1708. [PMID: 36633570 PMCID: PMC10271225 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by endocrine and neuropsychiatric problems including hyperphagia, anxiousness, and distress. Intranasal carbetocin, an oxytocin analog, was investigated as a selective oxytocin replacement therapy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate safety and efficacy of intranasal carbetocin in PWS. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial with long-term follow-up. SETTING Twenty-four ambulatory clinics at academic medical centers. PARTICIPANTS A total of 130 participants with PWS aged 7 to 18 years. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to 9.6 mg/dose carbetocin, 3.2 mg/dose carbetocin, or placebo 3 times daily during an 8-week placebo-controlled period (PCP). During a subsequent 56-week long-term follow-up period, placebo participants were randomly assigned to 9.6 mg or 3.2 mg carbetocin, with carbetocin participants continuing at their previous dose. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary endpoints assessed change in hyperphagia (Hyperphagia Questionnaire for Clinical Trials [HQ-CT]) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale [CY-BOCS]) during the PCP for 9.6 mg vs placebo, and the first secondary endpoints assessed these same outcomes for 3.2 mg vs placebo. Additional secondary endpoints included assessments of anxiousness and distress behaviors (PWS Anxiousness and Distress Behaviors Questionnaire [PADQ]) and clinical global impression of change (CGI-C). RESULTS Because of onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, enrollment was stopped prematurely. The primary endpoints showed numeric improvements in both HQ-CT and CY-BOCS which were not statistically significant; however, the 3.2-mg arm showed nominally significant improvements in HQ-CT, PADQ, and CGI-C scores vs placebo. Improvements were sustained in the long-term follow-up period. The most common adverse event during the PCP was mild to moderate flushing. CONCLUSIONS Carbetocin was well tolerated, and the 3.2-mg dose was associated with clinically meaningful improvements in hyperphagia and anxiousness and distress behaviors in participants with PWS. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03649477.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheri L Deal
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Shawn E McCandless
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80309, USA
| | - Ronald L Cowan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jennifer L Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jill K Hamilton
- Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Elizabeth R Roeder
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shana E McCormack
- Neuroendocrine Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tamanna R Roshan Lal
- Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Hussein D Abdul-Latif
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Andrea M Haqq
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Kathryn S Obrynba
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Laura C Torchen
- Division of Endocrinology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208, USA
| | - Alaina P Vidmar
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - David H Viskochil
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Chanoine
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Carol K L Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Melinda J Pierce
- Diabetes & Endocrinology, Children's Minnesota—St Paul, St Paul, MN 55404, USA
| | - Laurel L Williams
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lynne M Bird
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Merlin G Butler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Diane E Jensen
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
- Centre for Children's Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Susan E Myers
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Oliver J Oatman
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Charumathi Baskaran
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Laura J Chalmers
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 73117, USA
| | - Cary Fu
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Nathalie Alos
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Scott D McLean
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
| | - Ajay Shah
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Barbara Y Whitman
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
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Kozlakidis Z, Shi P, Abarbanel G, Klein C, Sfera A. Recent Developments in Protein Lactylation in PTSD and CVD: Novel Strategies and Targets. BIOTECH 2023; 12:38. [PMID: 37218755 PMCID: PMC10204439 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1938, Corneille Heymans received the Nobel Prize in physiology for discovering that oxygen sensing in the aortic arch and carotid sinus was mediated by the nervous system. The genetics of this process remained unclear until 1991 when Gregg Semenza while studying erythropoietin, came upon hypoxia-inducible factor 1, for which he obtained the Nobel Prize in 2019. The same year, Yingming Zhao found protein lactylation, a posttranslational modification that can alter the function of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, the master regulator of cellular senescence, a pathology implicated in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The genetic correlation between PTSD and CVD has been demonstrated by many studies, of which the most recent one utilizes large-scale genetics to estimate the risk factors for these conditions. This study focuses on the role of hypertension and dysfunctional interleukin 7 in PTSD and CVD, the former caused by stress-induced sympathetic arousal and elevated angiotensin II, while the latter links stress to premature endothelial cell senescence and early vascular aging. This review summarizes the recent developments and highlights several novel PTSD and CVD pharmacological targets. They include lactylation of histone and non-histone proteins, along with the related biomolecular actors such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, erythropoietin, acid-sensing ion channels, basigin, and Interleukin 7, as well as strategies to delay premature cellular senescence by telomere lengthening and resetting the epigenetic clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Ganna Abarbanel
- Patton State Hospital, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Ohmura N, Okuma L, Truzzi A, Esposito G, Kuroda KO. Maternal physiological calming responses to infant suckling at the breast. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:3. [PMID: 36918820 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00860-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The mother-infant relation is key to infant physical, cognitive and social development. Mutual regulation and cooperation are required to maintain the dyadic system, but the biological foundation of these responses remains to be clarified. In this study, we report the maternal calming responses to infant suckling during breastfeeding. Using behavioral measures and a Holter electrocardiogram as a readout of the maternal autonomic nervous system, the maternal activities during resting, sitting with her infant on her lap, and breastfeeding were assessed. We found that during breastfeeding, mothers talked less and maternal heart rate was lower than during sitting with the infant without breastfeeding. Congruently, maternal heart rate variability measurements indicated a higher parasympathetic activity during breastfeeding. Time-locked analyses suggested that this maternal calming response was initiated by the tactile stimulation at the breast by the infant face or mouth latch, which preceded the perceived milk ejection. These findings suggest that somatosensory stimuli of breastfeeding activate parasympathetic activity in mothers. Just as how the infant Transport Response facilitates the carrying of infants, the maternal calming responses during breastfeeding may promote efficient milk intake by inhibiting spontaneous maternal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Ohmura
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Lana Okuma
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory for Human Cognition and Learning, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Anna Truzzi
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, TN, Italy.,School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Kumi O Kuroda
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.
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5
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Larkey LK, James T, Han S, James DL. Pilot study of Qigong/Tai Chi Easy acute effects of meditative movement, breath focus and "flow" on blood pressure, mood and oxytocin in older adults. Complement Ther Med 2023; 72:102918. [PMID: 36626941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are increasingly lonely and at risk for hypertension. Endogenous oxytocin levels are associated with lowering blood pressure (BP), suggesting value in increasing oxytocin. Regular practice of Tai Chi improves BP and mood; we explored a single session of Tai Chi Easy (TCE) with older adults and feasibility of measuring oxytocin as a key biomarker. METHOD In a single-arm pre-post design pilot study, 21 older adults (age 55-80) with mild-moderate hypertension practiced a single session (50-min) TCE. BP, psychosocial measures, and saliva samples were collected pre/post to examine feasibility of acute measures of oxytocin and explore effect sizes of outcomes. Participants (N = 21; 19 % Latinx, 76.2 % female, mean age 66.76). RESULTS BP systolic: 138.43-134.86; diastolic 78.48-78.00 (p > .05; Cohen's d -0.23; -0.08 respectively). Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) and Connection (CN) improved [TMD mean pre 41.891 (SD=19.60) to post 35.00 (SD=10.21), p = .01; Cohen's d - 0.67); CN mean 7.85 (SD=2.01) to post 9.05 (SD=1.00), p = .01; Cohen's d 0.70]. Baseline oxytocin was positively correlated with baseline loneliness (N = 14, r = .599); pre/post oxytocin changes were negatively correlated with baseline loneliness (N = 14, r = -.585). BP decrease was associated with characteristics of the intervention: "flow" (coef=.=0.58N = 17) and meditative/breath focus (coef=-1.78; N = 17). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Medium to large effect sizes indicating change in mood and connection were found for this single session intervention. Knowing that Tai Chi improves BP when practiced over time, this TCE intervention shows promise for planning a fully powered, randomized controlled study of BP, mood and perceptions of connection in hypertensive older adults. Feasibility of assessing acute salivary oxytocin is less promising. Increase in oxytocin levels occurred for those less lonely, but declined for lonelier participants. With different responses based on baseline loneliness scores, no mean change in oxytocin levels was found. Seemingly unstable levels (possibly related to interaction with study staff) suggests the need for further testing in more controlled study designs. Finally, BP associations with meditative/breath focus and flow could be further explored in future study designs addressing mediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Larkey
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500N 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Taylor James
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - SeungYong Han
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Dara L James
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500N 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; College of Nursing, University of South Alabama, 5721 USA Drive North, Mobile, AL 36688, USA.
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Marcet-Rius M, Bienboire-Frosini C, Lezama-García K, Domínguez-Oliva A, Olmos-Hernández A, Mora-Medina P, Hernández-Ávalos I, Casas-Alvarado A, Gazzano A. Clinical Experiences and Mechanism of Action with the Use of Oxytocin Injection at Parturition in Domestic Animals: Effect on the Myometrium and Fetuses. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040768. [PMID: 36830555 PMCID: PMC9952595 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a key hormone for parturition and maternal traits in animals. During the peripartum period, the levels of endogenous oxytocin dictate physiological events such as myometrial contractions, prostaglandin production with the subsequent increase in oxytocin receptors, and the promotion of lactation when administered immediately after birth. While this hormone has some benefits regarding these aspects, the exogenous administration of oxytocin has been shown to have detrimental effects on the fetus, such as asphyxia, meconium staining, ruptured umbilical cords, and more dystocia cases in females. This review aims to analyze the main effects of oxytocin on myometrial activity during parturition, and its potential favorable and negative administration effects reflected in the fetus health of domestic animals. In conclusion, it is convenient to know oxytocin's different effects as well as the adequate doses and the proper moment to administrate it, as it can reduce labor duration, but it can also increase dystocia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Míriam Marcet-Rius
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare Department, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology (IRSEA), 84400 Apt, France
- Correspondence: (M.M.-R.); (A.D.-O.)
| | - Cécile Bienboire-Frosini
- Department of Molecular Biology and Chemical Communication, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology (IRSEA), 84400 Apt, France
| | - Karina Lezama-García
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco Campus, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Oliva
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco Campus, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.M.-R.); (A.D.-O.)
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology—Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Tlalpan, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Patricia Mora-Medina
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Cuautitlán 54714, Mexico
| | - Ismael Hernández-Ávalos
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Cuautitlán 54714, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Casas-Alvarado
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco Campus, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Angelo Gazzano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Anderson CM, Tschann M, Whitehouse K, Soon R, Fontanilla T, Kaneshiro B. Oxytocin and Hypotension During Dilation and Evacuation Procedures at 18-24 Weeks Gestation. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF HEALTH & SOCIAL WELFARE 2022; 81:328-332. [PMID: 36504503 PMCID: PMC9727702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neurohormone that is routinely administered to patients during dilation and evacuation procedures (D&E) to control bleeding despite minimal evidence in support of this common practice. In this study, the authors sought to evaluate patients with hypotension after receiving oxytocin during D&E procedures. The secondary data from a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 112 patients who underwent a D&E at 18-24 weeks gestation and prophylactically received an intravenous bolus of either 30 units of oxytocin in 500 mL of normal saline or 500 mL of saline alone at the start of the procedure were analyzed. Anesthesia providers measured blood pressure before, at the time of, and after study medication administration in 5-minute increments until the end of the procedure. No differences in demographic characteristics or mean blood pressure between the 2 groups were observed. The proportion of hypotensive patients was not statistically different at 5 minutes following fluid bolus (oxytocin 25% versus placebo 13%, P=.09). The proportion of hypotensive patients was similar by 10 minutes (oxytocin 20% versus placebo 16%, P=.62). A sample size of 112 provided the ability to detect a 23% difference in the proportion of patients who experienced hypotension (2-sided 95% CI, power of 80%). These findings suggest that oxytocin may have a transient hypotensive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare-Marie Anderson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, HI
| | - Mary Tschann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, HI
| | - Katherine Whitehouse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, HI
| | - Reni Soon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, HI
| | - Tiana Fontanilla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, HI
| | - Bliss Kaneshiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, HI
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Tsingotjidou AS. Oxytocin: A Multi-Functional Biomolecule with Potential Actions in Dysfunctional Conditions; From Animal Studies and Beyond. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1603. [PMID: 36358953 PMCID: PMC9687803 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a hormone secreted from definite neuroendocrine neurons located in specific nuclei in the hypothalamus (mainly from paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei), and its main known function is the contraction of uterine and/or mammary gland cells responsible for parturition and breastfeeding. Among the actions of the peripherally secreted oxytocin is the prevention of different degenerative disorders. These actions have been proven in cell culture and in animal models or have been tested in humans based on hypotheses from previous studies. This review presents the knowledge gained from the previous studies, displays the results from oxytocin intervention and/or treatment and proposes that the well described actions of oxytocin might be connected to other numerous, diverse actions of the biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Tsingotjidou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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9
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Manjila SB, Betty R, Kim Y. Missing pieces in decoding the brain oxytocin puzzle: Functional insights from mouse brain wiring diagrams. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1044736. [PMID: 36389241 PMCID: PMC9643707 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1044736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide, oxytocin (Oxt), has been the focus of research for decades due to its effects on body physiology, neural circuits, and various behaviors. Oxt elicits a multitude of actions mainly through its receptor, the Oxt receptor (OxtR). Despite past research to understand the central projections of Oxt neurons and OxtR- coupled signaling pathways in different brain areas, it remains unclear how this nonapeptide exhibits such pleiotropic effects while integrating external and internal information. Most reviews in the field either focus on neuroanatomy of the Oxt-OxtR system, or on the functional effects of Oxt in specific brain areas. Here, we provide a review by integrating brain wide connectivity of Oxt neurons and their downstream circuits with OxtR expression in mice. We categorize Oxt connected brain regions into three functional modules that regulate the internal state, somatic visceral, and cognitive response. Each module contains three neural circuits that process distinct behavioral effects. Broad innervations on functional circuits (e.g., basal ganglia for motor behavior) enable Oxt signaling to exert coordinated modulation in functionally inter-connected circuits. Moreover, Oxt acts as a neuromodulator of neuromodulations to broadly control the overall state of the brain. Lastly, we discuss the mismatch between Oxt projections and OxtR expression across various regions of the mouse brain. In summary, this review brings forth functional circuit-based analysis of Oxt connectivity across the whole brain in light of Oxt release and OxtR expression and provides a perspective guide to future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yongsoo Kim
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
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10
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Pati D, Krause EG, Frazier CJ. Intrahypothalamic effects of oxytocin on PVN CRH neurons in response to acute stress. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2022; 26:100382. [PMID: 36618014 PMCID: PMC9815561 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2022.100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Much of the centrally available oxytocin (OT) is synthesized in magnocellular neurons located in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. This same area is home to parvocellular corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) synthesizing neurons that regulate activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. A large body of data indicates that complex interactions between these systems inextricably link central OT signaling with the neuroendocrine response to stress. This review focuses on a small but diverse set of cellular and synaptic mechanisms that have been proposed to underlie intrahypothalamic OT/CRF interactions during the response to acute stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipa Pati
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida
| | - Eric G. Krause
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida
| | - Charles J. Frazier
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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11
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The effects of moderate-intensity step-aerobics, spinning, and educational game exercise programs on plasma dopamine and oxytocin levels in women in the menopausal transition period. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.7435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Menopausal transition (MT) is defined as the transition from reproductive to post-reproductive life. Oxytocin has beneficial effects on health problems, such as sexual activity disorder, vaginal atrophy, cardiovascular system diseases and acceleration in bone mass loss, which may develop due to changes in reproductive hormone levels during the MT period. During exercise, which can be used as adjuvant therapy for most of these health problems, a temporary increase in catecholamine levels is required for response to exercise-induced stress. However, the effects of exercise programs applied during the MT period on plasma dopamine (pDA) and plasma oxytocin (pOT) levels are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three different types of exercise on plasma dopamine (pDA) and plasma oxytocin (pOT) levels in sedentary women in the MT period.
Methods: Twenty-six sedentary healthy participants in the MT period whose fitness levels in the standard maximal exercise treadmill test were at a level that would complement the exercise programs in our study, were included in the study. Participants with the following conditions were excluded from the study: physical disability that would not allow exercise, systemic disease, unilateral oophorectomy, or history of smoking. In addition, participants who could not complete any of the exercise programs for any reason were excluded from the study. Three different exercise programs at moderate intensity [maximum heart rate (HR) = 50%-60%] of 60 minutes duration were performed by the participants at one-week intervals: (i) step-aerobics (SA), (ii) spinning (SP) and (iii) station work in the form of recreational educational games (EG). pOT and pDA levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in venous blood samples taken from participants before the exercise and during the last five minutes of the exercise. pOT and pDA levels measured before the exercise and in the last five minutes of the exercise were compared.
Results: The median age was 45 (41-45) and the body mass index (BMI) was 29 (27-34). There was a significant increase in mean pDA levels during exercise compared to pre-exercise in all three activities of moderate-intensity, SA, SP, and EG (P = 0.008, P = 0.001 and P = 0.030, respectively). The mean pOT level increased significantly during moderate-intensity SA and EG (P = 0.003 and P = 0.001, respectively). When the relationships between pDA and pOT levels and the variables of age, BMI, pulse rate, and maximum HR during all three exercises were evaluated, there was a significant positive correlation between pOT levels and maximum HR only during EG (r = 0.439, P = 0.028).
Conclusions: This study showed that SA and EG applied in women in the MT period increased both pDA and pOT levels, while SP only increased the pDA level significantly. Therefore, SA and EG exercises can contribute positively to the quality of life of women with health problems due to low pOT levels during the MT period.
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12
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Grassi D, Marraudino M, Garcia-Segura LM, Panzica GC. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus as a central hub for the estrogenic modulation of neuroendocrine function and behavior. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 65:100974. [PMID: 34995643 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) help coordinate reproduction with body physiology, growth and metabolism. PVN integrates hormonal and neural signals originating in the periphery, generating an output mediated both by its long-distance neuronal projections, and by a variety of neurohormones produced by its magnocellular and parvocellular neurosecretory cells. Here we review the cyto-and chemo-architecture, the connectivity and function of PVN and the sex-specific regulation exerted by estradiol on PVN neurons and on the expression of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, neuropeptides and neurohormones in PVN. Classical and non-classical estrogen receptors (ERs) are expressed in neuronal afferents to PVN and in specific PVN interneurons, projecting neurons, neurosecretory neurons and glial cells that are involved in the input-output integration and coordination of neurohormonal signals. Indeed, PVN ERs are known to modulate body homeostatic processes such as autonomic functions, stress response, reproduction, and metabolic control. Finally, the functional implications of the estrogenic modulation of the PVN for body homeostasis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grassi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Marraudino
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - L M Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - G C Panzica
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Torino, Italy; Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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13
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Martins D, Brodmann K, Veronese M, Dipasquale O, Mazibuko N, Schuschnig U, Zelaya F, Fotopoulou A, Paloyelis Y. "Less is more": a dose-response account of intranasal oxytocin pharmacodynamics in the human brain. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 211:102239. [PMID: 35122880 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal oxytocin is attracting attention as a potential treatment for several brain disorders due to promising preclinical results. However, translating findings to humans has been hampered by remaining uncertainties about its pharmacodynamics and the methods used to probe its effects in the human brain. Using a dose-response design (9, 18 and 36 IU), we demonstrate that intranasal oxytocin-induced changes in local regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the amygdala at rest, and in the covariance between rCBF in the amygdala and other key hubs of the brain oxytocin system, follow a dose-response curve with maximal effects for lower doses. Yet, the effects on local rCBF might vary by amygdala subdivision, highlighting the need to qualify dose-response curves within subregion. We further link physiological changes with the density of the oxytocin receptor gene mRNA across brain regions, strengthening our confidence in intranasal oxytocin as a valid approach to engage central targets. Finally, we demonstrate that intranasal oxytocin does not disrupt cerebrovascular reactivity, which corroborates the validity of haemodynamic neuroimaging to probe the effects of intranasal oxytocin in the human brain. DATA AVAILABILITY: Participants did not consent for open sharing of the data. Therefore, data can only be accessed from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martins
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Katja Brodmann
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ottavia Dipasquale
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ndaba Mazibuko
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | | | - Fernando Zelaya
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Aikaterini Fotopoulou
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yannis Paloyelis
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
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14
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Leithead AB, Tasker JG, Harony‐Nicolas H. The interplay between glutamatergic circuits and oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamus and its relevance to neurodevelopmental disorders. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13061. [PMID: 34786775 PMCID: PMC8951898 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) neurons of the hypothalamus are at the center of several physiological functions, including milk ejection, uterus contraction, and maternal and social behavior. In lactating females, OXT neurons show a pattern of burst firing and inter-neuron synchronization during suckling that leads to pulsatile release of surges of OXT into the bloodstream to stimulate milk ejection. This pattern of firing and population synchronization may be facilitated in part by hypothalamic glutamatergic circuits, as has been observed in vitro using brain slices obtained from male rats and neonates. However, it remains unknown how hypothalamic glutamatergic circuits influence OXT cell activity outside the context of lactation. In this review, we summarize the in vivo and in vitro studies that describe the synchronized burst firing pattern of OXT neurons and the implication of hypothalamic glutamate in this pattern of firing. We also make note of the few studies that have traced glutamatergic afferents to the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Finally, we discuss the genetic findings implicating several glutamatergic genes in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, thus underscoring the need for future studies to investigate the impact of these mutations on hypothalamic glutamatergic circuits and the OXT system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B. Leithead
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and TreatmentNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Friedman Brain Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Jeffrey G. Tasker
- Neurobiology DivisionDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA
| | - Hala Harony‐Nicolas
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and TreatmentNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Friedman Brain Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
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15
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Winterton A, Bettella F, de Lange AMG, Haram M, Steen NE, Westlye LT, Andreassen OA, Quintana DS. Oxytocin-pathway polygenic scores for severe mental disorders and metabolic phenotypes in the UK Biobank. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:599. [PMID: 34824196 PMCID: PMC8616952 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neuromodulator and hormone that is typically associated with social cognition and behavior. In light of its purported effects on social cognition and behavior, research has investigated its potential as a treatment for psychiatric illnesses characterized by social dysfunction, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. While the results of these trials have been mixed, more recent evidence suggests that the oxytocin system is also linked with cardiometabolic conditions for which individuals with severe mental disorders are at a higher risk for developing. To investigate whether the oxytocin system has a pleiotropic effect on the etiology of severe mental illness and cardiometabolic conditions, we explored oxytocin's role in the shared genetic liability of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, type-2 diabetes, and several phenotypes linked with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk using a polygenic pathway-specific approach. Analysis of a large sample with about 480,000 individuals (UK Biobank) revealed statistically significant associations across the range of phenotypes analyzed. By comparing these effects to those of polygenic scores calculated from 100 random gene sets, we also demonstrated the specificity of many of these significant results. Altogether, our results suggest that the shared effect of oxytocin-system dysfunction could help partially explain the co-occurrence of social and cardiometabolic dysfunction in severe mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Winterton
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G de Lange
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marit Haram
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel S Quintana
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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16
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Niu J, Tong J, Blevins JE. Oxytocin as an Anti-obesity Treatment. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:743546. [PMID: 34720864 PMCID: PMC8549820 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.743546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health concern, as it increases risk for heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cancer, COVID-19 related hospitalizations and mortality. However, current weight loss therapies are often associated with psychiatric or cardiovascular side effects or poor tolerability that limit their long-term use. The hypothalamic neuropeptide, oxytocin (OT), mediates a wide range of physiologic actions, which include reproductive behavior, formation of prosocial behaviors and control of body weight. We and others have shown that OT circumvents leptin resistance and elicits weight loss in diet-induced obese rodents and non-human primates by reducing both food intake and increasing energy expenditure (EE). Chronic intranasal OT also elicits promising effects on weight loss in obese humans. This review evaluates the potential use of OT as a therapeutic strategy to treat obesity in rodents, non-human primates, and humans, and identifies potential mechanisms that mediate this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- JingJing Niu
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jenny Tong
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - James E Blevins
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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17
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Grinevich V, Ludwig M. The multiple faces of the oxytocin and vasopressin systems in the brain. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13004. [PMID: 34218479 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Classically, hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells that synthesise oxytocin and vasopressin were categorised in two major cell types: the magnocellular and parvocellular neurones. It was assumed that magnocellular neurones project exclusively to the pituitary gland where they release oxytocin and vasopressin into the systemic circulation. The parvocellular neurones, on the other hand, project within the brain to regulate discrete brain circuitries and behaviours. Within the last few years, it has become evident that the classical view of these projections is outdated. It is now clear that oxytocin and vasopressin in the brain are released extrasynaptically from dendrites and from varicosities in distant axons. The peptides act principally to modulate information transfer through conventional synapses (such as glutamate synapses) by actions at respective receptors that may be preferentially localised to synaptic regions (on either side of the synapse) to alter the 'gain' of conventional synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mike Ludwig
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Immunology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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18
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Friuli M, Eramo B, Valenza M, Scuderi C, Provensi G, Romano A. Targeting the Oxytocinergic System: A Possible Pharmacological Strategy for the Treatment of Inflammation Occurring in Different Chronic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10250. [PMID: 34638587 PMCID: PMC8508899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unresolved inflammation represents a central feature of different human pathologies including neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. The epidemiologic relevance of such disorders justifies the increasing interest in further understanding the mechanisms underpinning the inflammatory process occurring in such chronic diseases to provide potential novel pharmacological approaches. The most common and effective therapies for controlling inflammation are glucocorticoids; however, a variety of other molecules have been demonstrated to have an anti-inflammatory potential, including neuropeptides. In recent years, the oxytocinergic system has seen an explosion of scientific studies, demonstrating its potential to contribute to a variety of physiological processes including inflammation. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to understand the role of oxytocin in the modulation of inflammation occurring in different chronic diseases. The criterion we used to select the diseases was based on the emerging literature showing a putative involvement of the oxytocinergic system in inflammatory processes in a variety of pathologies including neurological, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders, diabetes and obesity. The evidence reviewed here supports a beneficial role of oxytocin in the control of both peripheral and central inflammatory response happening in the aforementioned pathologies. Although future studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanistic details underlying such regulation, this review supports the idea that the modulation of the endogenous oxytocinergic system might represent a new potential pharmacological approach for the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Friuli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (B.E.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Barbara Eramo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (B.E.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Marta Valenza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (B.E.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (B.E.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Gustavo Provensi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology of Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (B.E.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
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19
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Aikins AO, Nguyen DH, Paundralingga O, Farmer GE, Shimoura CG, Brock C, Cunningham JT. Cardiovascular Neuroendocrinology: Emerging Role for Neurohypophyseal Hormones in Pathophysiology. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6247962. [PMID: 33891015 PMCID: PMC8234498 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXY) are released by magnocellular neurosecretory cells that project to the posterior pituitary. While AVP and OXY currently receive more attention for their contributions to affiliative behavior, this mini-review discusses their roles in cardiovascular function broadly defined to include indirect effects that influence cardiovascular function. The traditional view is that neither AVP nor OXY contributes to basal cardiovascular function, although some recent studies suggest that this position might be re-evaluated. More evidence indicates that adaptations and neuroplasticity of AVP and OXY neurons contribute to cardiovascular pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ato O Aikins
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Dianna H Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Obed Paundralingga
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - George E Farmer
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Caroline Gusson Shimoura
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Courtney Brock
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - J Thomas Cunningham
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Correspondence: J. Thomas Cunningham Department of Physiology & Anatomy CBH 338 UNT Health Science Center 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
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20
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Adam I, Rayis DA, ALhabardi NA, Ahmed ABA, Sharif ME, Elbashir MI. Association between breastfeeding and preeclampsia in parous women: a case -control study. Int Breastfeed J 2021; 16:48. [PMID: 34187508 PMCID: PMC8243720 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-021-00391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is a global health problem and it is the main cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Breastfeeding has been reported to be associated with lower postpartum blood pressure in women with gestational hypertension. However, there is no published data on the role that breastfeeding might play in preventing preeclampsia. The aim of the current study was to investigate if breastfeeding was associated with preeclampsia in parous women. Method A case-control study was conducted in Saad Abualila Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan, from May to December 2019. The cases (n = 116) were parous women with preeclampsia. Two consecutive healthy pregnant women served as controls for each case (n = 232). The sociodemographic, medical, and obstetric histories were gathered using a questionnaire. Breastfeeding practices and duration were assessed. Results A total of 98 (84.5%) women with preeclampsia and 216 (93.1%) women in the control group had breastfed their previous children. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of preeclampsia (no breastfeeding vs breastfeeding) was 3.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64,7.70 and p value = 0.001 based on these numbers. After adjusting for age, parity, education level, occupation, history of preeclampsia, history of miscarriage, body mass index groups the adjusted OR was 3.19, 95% CI 1.49, 6.82 (p value = 0.006). Conclusion Breastfeeding might reduce the risk for preeclampsia. Further larger studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishag Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duria A Rayis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, P.O Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Nadiah A ALhabardi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel B A Ahmed
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal E Sharif
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa I Elbashir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, P.O Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan
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21
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Wirobski G, Schaebs FS, Range F, Marshall-Pescini S, Deschner T. Analytical and physiological validation of an enzyme immunoassay to measure oxytocin in dog, wolf, and human urine samples. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12793. [PMID: 34140610 PMCID: PMC8211859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) promotes pro-sociality, bonding, and cooperation in a variety of species. Measuring oxytocin metabolite (OTM) concentrations in urine or saliva provides intriguing opportunities to study human and animal behaviour with minimal disturbance. However, a thorough validation of analytical methods and an assessment of the physiological significance of these measures are essential. We conducted an analytical validation of a commercial Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA; Arbor OT assay kit) to measure OTM concentrations in dog, wolf, and human urine samples. To test the assay's ability to detect changes in OTM concentrations, we administered oxytocin intranasally to 14 dogs. Assay performance with regard to parallelism was acceptable. Assay accuracy and extraction efficiency for dog and wolf samples were comparable to a previously validated assay (Enzo OT assay kit) but variation was smaller for human samples. Binding sensitivity and antibody specificity were better in the Arbor assay. Average OTM concentrations were more than twice as high as in comparable samples measured with the Enzo assay, highlighting a lack of comparability of absolute values between different assays. Changes in OTM concentrations after intranasal treatment were detected reliably. The Arbor assay met requirements of a "fit-for-purpose" validation with improvement of several parameters compared to the Enzo assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wirobski
- Domestication Lab, Wolf Science Center, Konrad-Lorenz-Institute for Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - F S Schaebs
- University of Leipzig, ZLS, Prager Str. 34, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - F Range
- Domestication Lab, Wolf Science Center, Konrad-Lorenz-Institute for Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Marshall-Pescini
- Domestication Lab, Wolf Science Center, Konrad-Lorenz-Institute for Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Deschner
- Interim Group Primatology, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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22
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Biurrun Manresa JA, Schliessbach J, Vuilleumier PH, Müller M, Musshoff F, Stamer U, Stüber F, Arendt-Nielsen L, Curatolo M. Anti-nociceptive effects of oxytocin receptor modulation in healthy volunteers-A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Eur J Pain 2021; 25:1723-1738. [PMID: 33884702 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence for oxytocin as a neurotransmitter in spinal nociceptive processes. Hypothalamic oxytocinergic neurons project to the spinal dorsal horn, where they activate GABA-ergic inhibitory interneurons. The present study tested whether the long-acting oxytocin-analogue carbetocin has anti-nociceptive effects in multi-modal experimental pain in humans. METHODS Twenty-five male volunteers received carbetocin 100 mcg and placebo (0.9% NaCl) on two different sessions in a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over design. Multi-modal quantitative sensory testing (QST) including a model of capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia were performed at baseline and at 10, 60 and 120 min after drug administration. QST data were analysed using mixed linear and logistic regression models. Carbetocin plasma concentrations and oxytocin receptor genotypes were quantified and assessed in an exploratory fashion. RESULTS An anti-nociceptive effect of carbetocin was observed on intramuscular electrical temporal summation (estimated difference: 1.26 mA, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.56 mA, p = .04) and single-stimulus electrical pain thresholds (estimated difference: 1.21 mA, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.47 mA, p = .05). Furthermore, the area of capsaicin-induced allodynia was reduced after carbetocin compared to placebo (estimated difference: -6.5 cm2 , 95% CI -9.8 to -3.2 cm2 , p < .001). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of an anti-nociceptive effect of carbetocin on experimental pain in humans. SIGNIFICANCE This study provides evidence of the anti-nociceptive effect of intravenous administration of the oxytocin agonist carbetocin in healthy male volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Biurrun Manresa
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería y Bioinformática (IBB), CONICET-UNER, Oro Verde, Argentina
| | - Jürg Schliessbach
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal H Vuilleumier
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Clinic of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Hirslandenklinik St. Anna, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Monika Müller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ulrike Stamer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frank Stüber
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Michele Curatolo
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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23
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Hong SM, Ko JK, Moon JJ, Kim YR. Oxytocin: A Potential Therapeutic for Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:115-123. [PMID: 33820878 PMCID: PMC8277591 DOI: 10.7570/jomes20098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neuropeptide involved in the homeostasis of food consumption and energy; it affects hedonic eating. Studies in obese or binge-eating patients reported the hypophagic effect of oxytocin, which reduced caloric intake after administration. Several studies have demonstrated the effect of oxytocin’s increasing energy intake, decreasing food consumption, and contributing to weight loss. Oxytocin’s effects on food intake and metabolism suggest its therapeutic potential for treating obesity and binge eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Kyung Ko
- Institute of Eating Disorders and Mental Health, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Youl-Ri Kim
- Institute of Eating Disorders and Mental Health, Inje University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Oxytocin Downregulates the Ca V1.2 L-Type Ca 2+ Channel via Gi/cAMP/PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway in Cardiomyocytes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11040234. [PMID: 33806201 PMCID: PMC8066716 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) and its receptor (OTR) are expressed in the heart and are involved in the physiological cardiovascular functional system. Although it is known that OT/OTR signaling is cardioprotective by reducing the inflammatory response and improving cardiovascular function, the role of OT in the cardiac electrical excitation modulation has not been clarified. This study investigates the molecular mechanism of the action of OT on cardiomyocyte membrane excitation focusing on the L-type Ca2+ channel. Our methodology uses molecular biological methods and a patch-clamp technique on rat cardiomyocytes with OT, combined with several signal inhibitors and/or activators. Our results show that long-term treatment of OT significantly decreases the expression of Cav1.2 mRNA, and reduces the L-type Ca2+ channel current (ICa.L) in cardiomyocytes. OT downregulates the phosphorylated component of a transcription factor adenosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB), whose action is blocked by OTR antagonist and pertussis toxin, a specific inhibitor of the inhibitory GTP-binding regulators of adenylate cyclase, Gi. On the other hand, the upregulation of Cav1.2 mRNA expression by isoproterenol is halted by OT. Furthermore, inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) was without effect on the OT action to downregulate Cav1.2 mRNA—which suggests a signal pathway of Gi/protein kinase A (PKA)/CREB mediated by OT/OTR. These findings indicate novel signaling pathways of OT contributing to a downregulation of the Cav1.2-L-type Ca2+ channel in cardiomyocytes.
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25
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Drew T, Carvalho JCA. Pharmacologic Prevention and Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-021-00444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Iovino M, Messana T, Tortora A, Giusti C, Lisco G, Giagulli VA, Guastamacchia E, De Pergola G, Triggiani V. Oxytocin Signaling Pathway: From Cell Biology to Clinical Implications. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:91-110. [PMID: 32433011 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200520093730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the well-known role played in lactation and parturition, Oxytocin (OT) and OT receptor (OTR) are involved in many other aspects such as the control of maternal and social behavior, the regulation of the growth of the neocortex, the maintenance of blood supply to the cortex, the stimulation of limbic olfactory area to mother-infant recognition bond, and the modulation of the autonomic nervous system via the vagal pathway. Moreover, OT and OTR show antiinflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-pain, anti-diabetic, anti-dyslipidemic and anti-atherogenic effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the main data coming from the literature dealing with the role of OT and OTR in physiology and pathologic conditions focusing on the most relevant aspects. METHODS Appropriate keywords and MeSH terms were identified and searched in Pubmed. Finally, references of original articles and reviews were examined. RESULTS We report the most significant and updated data on the role played by OT and OTR in physiology and different clinical contexts. CONCLUSION Emerging evidence indicates the involvement of OT system in several pathophysiological mechanisms influencing brain anatomy, cognition, language, sense of safety and trust and maternal behavior, with the possible use of exogenous administered OT in the treatment of specific neuropsychiatric conditions. Furthermore, it modulates pancreatic β-cell responsiveness and lipid metabolism leading to possible therapeutic use in diabetic and dyslipidemic patients and for limiting and even reversing atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Iovino
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Tullio Messana
- Infantile Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Tortora
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Consuelo Giusti
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lisco
- Hospital Unit of Endocrinology, Perrino Hospital, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Vito Angelo Giagulli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Edoardo Guastamacchia
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
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27
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Althammer F, Eliava M, Grinevich V. Central and peripheral release of oxytocin: Relevance of neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter actions for physiology and behavior. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 180:25-44. [PMID: 34225933 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820107-7.00003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is critically involved in the modulation of socio-emotional behavior, sexual competence, and pain perception and anticipation. While intracellular signaling of OT and its receptor (OTR), as well as the functional connectivity of hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic OT projections, have been recently explored, it remains elusive how one single molecule has pleotropic effects from cell proliferation all the way to modulation of complex cognitive processes. Moreover, there are astonishing species-dependent differences in the way OT regulates various sensory modalities such as touch, olfaction, and vision, which can be explained by differences in OTR expression in brain regions processing sensory information. Recent research highlights a small subpopulation of OT-synthesizing cells, namely, parvocellular cells, which merely constitute 1% of the total number of OT cells but act as "master cells' that regulate the activity of the entire OT system. In this chapter, we summarize the latest advances in the field of OT research with a particular focus on differences between rodents, monkeys and humans and highlight the main differences between OT and its "sister" peptide arginine-vasopressin, which often exerts opposite effects on physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Althammer
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Marina Eliava
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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28
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Lewis EM, Stein-O'Brien GL, Patino AV, Nardou R, Grossman CD, Brown M, Bangamwabo B, Ndiaye N, Giovinazzo D, Dardani I, Jiang C, Goff LA, Dölen G. Parallel Social Information Processing Circuits Are Differentially Impacted in Autism. Neuron 2020; 108:659-675.e6. [PMID: 33113347 PMCID: PMC8033501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parallel processing circuits are thought to dramatically expand the network capabilities of the nervous system. Magnocellular and parvocellular oxytocin neurons have been proposed to subserve two parallel streams of social information processing, which allow a single molecule to encode a diverse array of ethologically distinct behaviors. Here we provide the first comprehensive characterization of magnocellular and parvocellular oxytocin neurons in male mice, validated across anatomical, projection target, electrophysiological, and transcriptional criteria. We next use novel multiple feature selection tools in Fmr1-KO mice to provide direct evidence that normal functioning of the parvocellular but not magnocellular oxytocin pathway is required for autism-relevant social reward behavior. Finally, we demonstrate that autism risk genes are enriched in parvocellular compared with magnocellular oxytocin neurons. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence that oxytocin-pathway-specific pathogenic mechanisms account for social impairments across a broad range of autism etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eastman M Lewis
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Wendy Klag Institute for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Genevieve L Stein-O'Brien
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Oncology, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Alejandra V Patino
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Wendy Klag Institute for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Romain Nardou
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Wendy Klag Institute for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cooper D Grossman
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Matthew Brown
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bidii Bangamwabo
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ndeye Ndiaye
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Daniel Giovinazzo
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ian Dardani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Connie Jiang
- Cell and Molecular Biology Group, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Loyal A Goff
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Gül Dölen
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Wendy Klag Institute for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Dyavanapalli J. Novel approaches to restore parasympathetic activity to the heart in cardiorespiratory diseases. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H1153-H1161. [PMID: 33035444 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00398.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neural control of the heart is regulated by sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system, both opposing each other to maintain cardiac homeostasis via regulating heart rate, conduction velocity, force of contraction, and coronary blood flow. Sympathetic hyperactivity and diminished parasympathetic activity are the characteristic features of many cardiovascular disease states including hypertension, myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmias that result in heart failure. Restoring parasympathetic activity to the heart has recently been identified as the promising approach to treat such conditions. However, approaches that used vagal nerve stimulation have been shown to be unsuccessful in heart failure. This review focuses on novel chemogenetic approaches used to identify the cardioprotective nature of activating neural points along the vagal pathway (both central and peripheral) while being selectively therapeutic in heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhansi Dyavanapalli
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
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30
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McKay EC, Counts SE. Oxytocin Receptor Signaling in Vascular Function and Stroke. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:574499. [PMID: 33071746 PMCID: PMC7544744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.574499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is a G protein-coupled receptor with a diverse repertoire of intracellular signaling pathways, which are activated in response to binding oxytocin (OXT) and a similar nonapeptide, vasopressin. This review summarizes the cell and molecular biology of the OXTR and its downstream signaling cascades, particularly focusing on the vasoactive functions of OXTR signaling in humans and animal models, as well as the clinical applications of OXTR targeting cerebrovascular accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C McKay
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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31
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Jankowski M, Broderick TL, Gutkowska J. The Role of Oxytocin in Cardiovascular Protection. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2139. [PMID: 32982875 PMCID: PMC7477297 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of oxytocin on infarct size and functional recovery of the ischemic reperfused heart are well documented. The mechanisms for this cardioprotection are not well defined. Evidence indicates that oxytocin treatment improves cardiac work, reduces apoptosis and inflammation, and increases scar vascularization. Oxytocin-mediated cytoprotection involves the production of cGMP stimulated by local release of atrial natriuretic peptide and synthesis of nitric oxide. Treatment with oxytocin reduces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and reduces immune cell infiltration. Oxytocin also stimulates differentiation stem cells to cardiomyocyte lineages as well as generation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells, promoting angiogenesis. The beneficial actions of oxytocin may include the increase in glucose uptake by cardiomyocytes, reduction in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, decrease in oxidative stress, and mitochondrial protection of several cell types. In cardiac and cellular models of ischemia and reperfusion, acute administration of oxytocin at the onset of reperfusion enhances cardiomyocyte viability and function by activating Pi3K and Akt phosphorylation and downstream cellular signaling. Reperfusion injury salvage kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins cardioprotective pathways are involved. Oxytocin is cardioprotective by reducing the inflammatory response and improving cardiovascular and metabolic function. Because of its pleiotropic nature, this peptide demonstrates a clear potential for the treatment of cardiovascular pathologies. In this review, we discuss the possible cellular mechanisms of action of oxytocin involved in cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Jankowski
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Montreal Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tom L Broderick
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Department of Physiology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Jolanta Gutkowska
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Montreal Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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32
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Kwon K, Kim D, Jo H, Park JE, Kim KO. Hemodynamic effects of carbetocin administered as an intravenous bolus or infusion during cesarean delivery. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2020; 15:167-172. [PMID: 33329809 PMCID: PMC7713823 DOI: 10.17085/apm.2020.15.2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality. Oxytocin being the most popular uterotonic agent, has been routinely administered after both vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Carbetocin is a newer uterotonic agent and provides the benefit of a longer duration of action without additional administration post-delivery. Methods We recruited 34 women undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. All patient was received spinal anesthesia using 0.5% hyperbaric Marcaine 8–10 mg in conjugation with fentanyl 20 μg in the left lateral decubitus position. Hartmann’s solution 10–15 ml/kg was administered before carbetocin. The operation started as soon as sensory block at level T4–T6 was confirmed. A non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring cuff (Finometer®) was attached to the patient’s finger soon after the induction of spinal anesthesia. Using the Finometer, we recorded the heart rate and mean arterial pressure at every 15 s, starting from 15 s before the administration of carbetocin to 5 min after. After the removal of the placenta, the bolus group was administered intravenous bolus injection of carbetocin 100 μg and the infusion group was administered carbetocin 100 μg diluted in 50 ml normal saline, over 5 min using an infusion pump. Results The demographic data showed no significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore, there were no significant hemodynamic differences between the two groups. Conclusions The method of administration of carbetocin does not influence its hemodynamic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyug Kwon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Dohyung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyunmin Jo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kyung Ok Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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Lawson EA, Olszewski PK, Weller A, Blevins JE. The role of oxytocin in regulation of appetitive behaviour, body weight and glucose homeostasis. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12805. [PMID: 31657509 PMCID: PMC7186135 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and its associated complications have reached epidemic proportions in the USA and also worldwide, highlighting the need for new and more effective treatments. Although the neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) is well recognised for its peripheral effects on reproductive behaviour, the release of OXT from somatodendrites and axonal terminals within the central nervous system (CNS) is also implicated in the control of energy balance. In this review, we summarise historical data highlighting the effects of exogenous OXT as a short-term regulator of food intake in a context-specific manner and the receptor populations that may mediate these effects. We also describe what is known about the physiological role of endogenous OXT in the control of energy balance and whether serum and brain levels of OXT relate to obesity on a consistent basis across animal models and humans with obesity. We describe recent data on the effectiveness of chronic CNS administration of OXT to decrease food intake and weight gain or to elicit weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) and genetically obese mice and rats. Of clinical importance is the finding that chronic central and peripheral OXT treatments both evoke weight loss in obese animal models with impaired leptin signalling at doses that are not associated with visceral illness, tachyphylaxis or adverse cardiovascular effects. Moreover, these results have been largely recapitulated following chronic s.c. or intranasal treatment in DIO non-human primates (rhesus monkeys) and obese humans, respectively. We also identify plausible mechanisms that contribute to the effects of OXT on body weight and glucose homeostasis in rodents, non-human primates and humans. We conclude by describing the ongoing challenges that remain before OXT-based therapeutics can be used as a long-term strategy to treat obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pawel K Olszewski
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Aron Weller
- Psychology Department and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - James E Blevins
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Giribaldi J, Ragnarsson L, Pujante T, Enjalbal C, Wilson D, Daly NL, Lewis RJ, Dutertre S. Synthesis, Pharmacological and Structural Characterization of Novel Conopressins from Conus miliaris. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E150. [PMID: 32155768 PMCID: PMC7143535 DOI: 10.3390/md18030150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cone snails produce a fast-acting and often paralyzing venom, largely dominated by disulfide-rich conotoxins targeting ion channels. Although disulfide-poor conopeptides are usually minor components of cone snail venoms, their ability to target key membrane receptors such as GPCRs make them highly valuable as drug lead compounds. From the venom gland transcriptome of Conus miliaris, we report here on the discovery and characterization of two conopressins, which are nonapeptide ligands of the vasopressin/oxytocin receptor family. These novel sequence variants show unusual features, including a charge inversion at the critical position 8, with an aspartate instead of a highly conserved lysine or arginine residue. Both the amidated and acid C-terminal analogues were synthesized, followed by pharmacological characterization on human and zebrafish receptors and structural investigation by NMR. Whereas conopressin-M1 showed weak and only partial agonist activity at hV1bR (amidated form only) and ZFV1a1R (both amidated and acid form), both conopressin-M2 analogues acted as full agonists at the ZFV2 receptor with low micromolar affinity. Together with the NMR structures of amidated conopressins-M1, -M2 and -G, this study provides novel structure-activity relationship information that may help in the design of more selective ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Giribaldi
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier-CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France; (J.G.); (T.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Lotten Ragnarsson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; (L.R.); (R.J.L.)
| | - Tom Pujante
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier-CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France; (J.G.); (T.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Christine Enjalbal
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier-CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France; (J.G.); (T.P.); (C.E.)
| | - David Wilson
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (D.W.); (N.L.D.)
| | - Norelle L. Daly
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (D.W.); (N.L.D.)
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; (L.R.); (R.J.L.)
| | - Sebastien Dutertre
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier-CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France; (J.G.); (T.P.); (C.E.)
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Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Wsol A. The role of oxytocin and vasopressin in the pathophysiology of heart failure in pregnancy and in fetal and neonatal life. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H639-H651. [PMID: 32056469 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00484.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy and early life create specific psychosomatic challenges for the mother and child, such as changes in hemodynamics, resetting of the water-electrolyte balance, hypoxia, pain, and stress, that all play an important role in the regulation of the release of oxytocin and vasopressin. Both of these hormones regulate the water-electrolyte balance and cardiovascular functions, maturation of the cardiovascular system, and cardiovascular responses to stress. These aspects may be of particular importance in a state of emergency, such as hypertension in the mother or severe heart failure in the child. In this review, we draw attention to a broad spectrum of actions exerted by oxytocin and vasopressin in the pregnant mother and the offspring during early life. To this end, we discuss the following topics: 1) regulation of the secretion of oxytocin and vasopressin and expression of their receptors in the pregnant mother and child, 2) direct and indirect effects of oxytocin and vasopressin on the cardiovascular system in the healthy mother and fetus, and 3) positive and negative consequences of altered secretion of oxytocin and vasopressin in the mother with cardiovascular pathology and in the progeny with heart failure. The present survey provides evidence that moderate stimulation of the oxytocin and vasopressin receptors plays a beneficial role in the healthy pregnant mother and fetus; however, under pathophysiological conditions the inappropriate action of these hormones exerts several negative effects on the cardiovascular system of the mother and progeny and may potentially contribute to the pathophysiology of heart failure in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Szczepanska-Sadowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Wsol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Wsol A, Wojno O, Puchalska L, Wrzesien R, Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A. Impaired hypotensive effects of centrally acting oxytocin in SHR and WKY rats exposed to chronic mild stress. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R160-R172. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00050.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the role of centrally acting oxytocin (OT) in the regulation of blood pressure during chronic mild stress (CMS) in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR; n = 36) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY; n = 38) rats. The rats were implanted with osmotic minipumps for intracerebroventricular infusions of 0.9% NaCl, OT, and oxytocin receptor antagonist (OTANT) and divided into two groups: SHR and WKY 1) exposed to 4-wk CMS and 2) not exposed to stress (controls). After 4 wk, hemodynamic parameters were recorded at rest and after an application of acute stressor [air-jet stress (AJS)]. Resting mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was significantly lower in CMS-exposed SHR and WKY infused with OT than in the corresponding groups receiving saline. Exposure to CMS exaggerated the AJS-dependent pressor response in WKY receiving saline but not in the corresponding group of SHR. OT infusion reduced the AJS-dependent pressor response in both CMS-exposed and not exposed SHR and in CMS-exposed WKY. Intracerebroventricular infusion of OTANT potentiated the AJS-dependent pressor response in both stressed and not stressed WKY rats but not in SHR. The results show that centrally delivered OT decreases resting MAP during CMS in both SHR and WKY rats and that in SHR it reduces pressor responses to AJS under control and CMS conditions, whereas in WKY this effect is significant only after CMS exposure. The study indicates that endogenous centrally acting OT may play an essential role in buffering pressor responses to AJS in CMS-exposed and not exposed WKY rats and that this function is significantly impaired in SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Wsol
- Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - O. Wojno
- Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L. Puchalska
- Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R. Wrzesien
- Department of Animal Breeding, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E. Szczepanska-Sadowska
- Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A. Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Burmester V, Gibson EL, Butler G, Bailey A, Terry P. Oxytocin reduces post-stress sweet snack intake in women without attenuating salivary cortisol. Physiol Behav 2019; 212:112704. [PMID: 31628930 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal oxytocin produces anorectic effects on snack intake in men when tested in the absence of deprivation-induced hunger, but its effects on food intake in women without eating disorders have not been reported. Oxytocin may reduce food intake by reducing stress eating, since it inhibits ACTH release. The present study adopted a double-blind, repeated measures and fully concealed crossover protocol in which 38 women self-administered 24 IU of oxytocin or placebo intranasally, ate lunch, and underwent two consecutive stress tests. Snack intake was assessed 15-20 min after lunch, via a sham taste test. Salivary cortisol was measured throughout the test period every 15 min. Oxytocin significantly reduced sweet fatty snack intake independently of any effect on salivary cortisol, which declined over time at a similar rate after either drug or placebo. Ratings of sweet taste were slightly reduced by oxytocin, but only in self-reported stress eaters. These results differ from previous studies with men that found an effect of oxytocin on postprandial cortisol levels. However, previous research assayed the less active form of plasma cortisol and did not control for protein intake, which can drive elevated cortisol. The finding that oxytocin reduces snack intake in females after acute stress has important implications for appetite regulation and its treatment in obese people and in those with eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Burmester
- Department of Psychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
| | - E L Gibson
- Department of Psychology, Whitelands College, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - G Butler
- Department of Psychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
| | - A Bailey
- Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - P Terry
- Department of Psychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK.
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Protective effect of oxytocin on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2836. [PMID: 30808956 PMCID: PMC6391417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT), a neurohypophyseal hormone synthesized in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus, has been reported to have an anti- inflammatory effect. However, its role in acute lung injury (ALI) has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism action of OT on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Mice were treated with OT 30 min before the intraperitoneal injection of LPS. After 2 h, the effects of OT on lung histopathological changes, lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, levels of inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and expression of inflammation proteins were detected. The results showed that OT significantly reduced LPS-induced pathological injury, W/D ratio, MPO activity, and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18 and IL-6. Further, OT also inhibited LPS-induced Toll-like receptor 4 expression and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome activation. OT receptor antagonist (L-368,899) was given 90 min before injecting OT to further demonstrate the role of OT in LPS-induced ALI. The results showed OT could not alleviate the aforementioned inflammatory reactions after administering L-368,899. In conclusion, the present results indicated that OT could reduce inflammatory responses of LPS-induced ALI.
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Lin YT, Hsu KS. Oxytocin receptor signaling in the hippocampus: Role in regulating neuronal excitability, network oscillatory activity, synaptic plasticity and social memory. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 171:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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Althammer F, Jirikowski G, Grinevich V. The oxytocin system of mice and men-Similarities and discrepancies of oxytocinergic modulation in rodents and primates. Peptides 2018; 109:1-8. [PMID: 30261208 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Nonapeptides and their respective receptors have been conserved throughout evolution and display astonishing similarities among the animal kingdom. They can be found in worms, birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles and mammals, including rodents, non-human primates and humans. In particular, the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has attracted the attention of scientists due to its profound effects on social behavior. However, although both the neuropeptide and its receptor are identical in rodents and primates, the effects of OT vary greatly in the two species. Here, we provide a brief overview about OT's role in the evolution of mammals and provide reasons for the manifold effects of OT within the brain with a particular focus on the discrepancy of OT's effects in rodents and primates. In addition, we suggest new approaches towards improvement of translatability of scientific studies and highlight the most recent advances in animal models for autism spectrum disorder, a disease, in which the normal function of the OT system seems to be impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Althammer
- Schaller Research Group on Neuropeptides at German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Cell Network Cluster of Excellence at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | - Valery Grinevich
- Schaller Research Group on Neuropeptides at German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Cell Network Cluster of Excellence at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Central Institute of Mental Health (ZI), Mannheim, Germany
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Boll S, Almeida de Minas A, Raftogianni A, Herpertz S, Grinevich V. Oxytocin and Pain Perception: From Animal Models to Human Research. Neuroscience 2018; 387:149-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Park S, Choi NK. Breastfeeding and Maternal Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2018; 31:615-621. [PMID: 29390101 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the relationship between breastfeeding and hypertension. We performed this study to identify whether breastfeeding itself influenced maternal hypertension and whether degree of obesity or insulin sensitivity would contribute to the relationship between breastfeeding and hypertension in postmenopausal women. METHODS Our study population comprised 3,119 nonsmoking postmenopausal women aged 50 years or above in the 2010-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We performed logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between breastfeeding and hypertension and mediation analyses to examine the contributions of obesity and insulin sensitivity to the breastfeeding-hypertension relationship. RESULTS The odds ratios, with 95% confidence intervals, for hypertension among the highest quintile of number of breastfed children (5-11) and the highest quintile of duration of breastfeeding (96-324 months) were 0.49 (0.31-0.75) and 0.55 (0.37-0.82), respectively, compared to each of lowest quintile groups. The population attributable fractions of hypertension caused by breastfeeding 3 or fewer children and breastfeeding for 56 months or less were 10.2% (P < 0.001) and 6.5% (P = 0.017), respectively. In the mediation analysis, unexpectedly, increased insulin resistance significantly attenuated the protective effect on hypertension of having breastfed more children; additionally, greater obesity and insulin resistance significantly attenuated the protective effects on hypertension of having breastfed for longer. CONCLUSIONS More children breastfed and longer duration of breastfeeding were associated with lower risk of hypertension in postmenopausal women, and degree of obesity and insulin resistance moderated the breastfeeding-hypertension association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangshin Park
- Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Nam-Kyong Choi
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Colafella KMM, Denton KM. Sex-specific differences in hypertension and associated cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2018; 14:185-201. [PMID: 29380817 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although intrinsic mechanisms that regulate arterial blood pressure (BP) are similar in men and women, marked variations exist at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels. These physiological disparities between the sexes likely contribute to differences in disease onset, susceptibility, prevalence and treatment responses. Key systems that are important in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), including the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the immune system, are differentially activated in males and females. Biological age also contributes to sexual dimorphism, as premenopausal women experience a higher degree of cardioprotection than men of similar age. Furthermore, sex hormones such as oestrogen and testosterone as well as sex chromosome complement likely contribute to sex differences in BP and CVD. At the cellular level, differences in cell senescence pathways may contribute to increased longevity in women and may also limit organ damage caused by hypertension. In addition, many lifestyle and environmental factors - such as smoking, alcohol consumption and diet - may influence BP and CVD in a sex-specific manner. Evidence suggests that cardioprotection in women is lost under conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Treatment strategies for hypertension and CVD that are tailored according to sex could lead to improved outcomes for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Mirabito Colafella
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Monash University, 26 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kate M Denton
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Monash University, 26 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Althammer F, Grinevich V. Diversity of oxytocin neurons: beyond magno- and parvocellular cell types? J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 30. [PMID: 29024187 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT), which is evolutionarily conserved among different species throughout the animal kingdom, is a key modulator of a variety of socio-emotional behaviors such as fear, trust and empathy. OT cells in the mammalian hypothalamus have been traditionally divided into two distinct types - magnocellular (magnOT) and parvocellular (parvOT) or preautonomic neurons. This distinction is based on OT cell sizes and shapes, projections, electrophysiological activity and functions. Indeed, while neuroendocrine magnOT neurons are known to primarily project their axons to the posterior pituitary and to a number of forebrain regions, non-neuroendocrine parvOT neurons have been seen as the main source of OT innervation of the brainstem and spinal cord to control autonomic functions and pain perception. However, very recent findings demonstrated distinct genetic profiles in OT neurons, allowing discrimination of at least four types of cells expressing OT. Furthermore, unexpected axonal projections of parvOT neurons to the forebrain and magnOT neurons to the midbrain have been newly reported. In this review, we focus on the detailed analysis of methods of distinction between OT cell types, in- and output sites, morphology as well as on the direct connectivity between OT neurons and its physiological significance. At the end, we propose a hypothesis that the central OT system is composed of more than just two OT cell types, which should be further verified by the application of available genetic and anatomical techniques. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Althammer
- Schaller Research Group on Neuropeptides at German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Schaller Research Group on Neuropeptides at German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- CellNetworks Cluster of Excellence at the, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, 68159, Germany
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Bytautiene Prewit E, Kechichian T, Okunade D, Yin H, Stuebe AM. Effect of Normal Pregnancy Followed by Lactation on Long-Term Maternal Health in a Mouse Model. Reprod Sci 2017; 25:1186-1196. [PMID: 29017419 DOI: 10.1177/1933719117734316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although it has been widely accepted that pregnancies with complications are associated with increased maternal cardiovascular risk later in life, there is no consensus if noncomplicated pregnancy followed by lactation plays a protective role or is a risk factor. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of normal pregnancy and lactation on long-term maternal health in a mouse model. CD-1 mice were allocated to breeding (primigravid [PG]) and nonbreeding (nulligravid [NG]) groups. The PG group proceeded through normal pregnancy and delivery. Using a telemetry system, blood pressure (BP) was analyzed in the PG group at 6 months postpartum and in age-matched NG mice. Serum analytes, gene expressions, and protein levels were determined using appropriate analysis methods. Primigravid mice had significantly lower systolic and diastolic BP and fasting glucose levels. Circulating oxytocin (OXT) levels were significantly higher in PG mice. Oxt gene expression was significantly higher in the heart and aorta and lower in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from PG mice. The oxytocin receptor ( Oxtr) gene expression was significantly higher in the heart, aorta, and VAT from PG animals. The level of Oxtr DNA hypermethylation and the expression of mmu-miR-29a were significantly lower in the hearts of PG mice. In PG VAT, glucose transporter-4 expression was significantly higher. Our study demonstrates that a history of normal pregnancy followed by lactation was associated with lower maternal cardiovascular risk factors later in life in female mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Bytautiene Prewit
- 1 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Talar Kechichian
- 1 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Okunade
- 2 Summer Undergraduate Research Program, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Huaizhi Yin
- 1 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alison M Stuebe
- 3 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Effect of oxytocin on the survival of random skin flaps. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92955-92965. [PMID: 29190969 PMCID: PMC5696235 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Random flap transplantation is widely used to repair and rebuild skin soft tissue. However, such flaps exhibit poor survival. Plastic surgeons seek to improve flap survival. We explored whether oxytocin improved skin flap survival. Overlength random skin flaps (9 × 3 cm) were established on backs of 80 healthy male SD rats randomly divided into two groups. One group was injected daily with oxytocin (1 mg/kg; test group) and the other with normal saline (control group). On postoperative day 2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured. On postoperative day 7, the flap survival area was measured using transparent graph paper. Microvessel numbers were evaluated histologically by hematoxylin and eosin staining. VEGF expression was assessed immunohistochemically. Angiogenesis was evaluated via lead oxide–gelatin angiography and blood flow via laser Doppler flowmetry. In the test group compared with the control group, the flap survival rate and SOD activity were increased markedly, the MDA level was decreased, and according to hematoxylin and eosin staining, inflammation was significantly attenuated. In addition, the test group exhibited higher levels of VEGF and skin flap angiogenesis. Oxytocin improved flap survival rate by increasing microcirculation and angiogenesis and attenuating ischemia–reperfusion injury.
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Peripheral oxytocin receptors inhibit the nociceptive input signal to spinal dorsal horn wide-dynamic-range neurons. Pain 2017; 158:2117-2128. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rash JA, Toivonen K, Robert M, Nasr-Esfahani M, Jarrell JF, Campbell TS. Protocol for a placebo-controlled, within-participants crossover trial evaluating the efficacy of intranasal oxytocin to improve pain and function among women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e014909. [PMID: 28416501 PMCID: PMC5775465 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This protocol presents the rationale and design for a trial evaluating the efficacy of intranasal oxytocin in improving pain and function among women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. Oxytocin is a neuropeptide traditionally recognised for involvement in labour, delivery and lactation. Novel evidence suggests that oxytocin decreases pain sensitivity in humans. While oxytocin administration has been reported to lower pain sensitivity among patients experiencing chronic back pain, headache, constipation and colon pain, no research has evaluated the association between intranasal oxytocin and chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. The association between oxytocin and pain may differ in women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain relative to other chronic pain conditions because of the abundance of oxytocin receptors in the uterus. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, within-participants crossover trial. 50 women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain will be recruited through a local chronic pain centre and gynaecology clinics. Women will complete baseline measures and be randomised to an experimental or control condition that involve 2 weeks of self-administering twice-daily doses of 24 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo, respectively. Women will then undergo a 2-week washout period before crossing over to receive the condition that they had not yet received. The primary outcome will be pain and function measured using the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form. Secondary outcomes include emotional function, sleep disturbance and global impression of change. This trial will provide data on the 14-day safety and side-effect profile of intranasal oxytocin self-administered as an adjuvant treatment for chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This trial was granted approval from Health Canada and the University of Calgary Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board, and is registered online at ClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT02888574). Results will be disseminated to healthcare professionals through peer-reviewed publications and to the general public through press releases. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02888574; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Rash
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Kirsti Toivonen
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Magali Robert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maryam Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - John F Jarrell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tavis S Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Wilson DN, Schacht SE, Al-Nakkash L, Babu JR, Broderick TL. Resveratrol prevents pulmonary trunk remodeling but not right ventricular hypertrophy in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2016; 23:243-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Busnelli M, Dagani J, de Girolamo G, Balestrieri M, Pini S, Saviotti FM, Scocco P, Sisti D, Rocchi M, Chini B. Unaltered Oxytocin and Vasopressin Plasma Levels in Patients with Schizophrenia After 4 Months of Daily Treatment with Intranasal Oxytocin. J Neuroendocrinol 2016; 28. [PMID: 26715485 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) has been proposed as a treatment for a number of neuropsychiatric disorders characterised by impaired social behaviour, including schizophrenia. Although several studies have reported the chronic administration of OXT to be safe and tolerable, its effects on circulating levels of OXT, as well as the related neuropeptide arginine vasopressin (AVP), have not been assessed. In the present study, in a within-subjects cross-over, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, we assayed the plasma levels of OXT and AVP in 31 patients with schizophrenia who were treated daily for 4 months with 40 IU of intranasal OXT or placebo. Our data indicate a mean ± SD baseline OXT concentration of 1.62 ± 0.68 pg/ml, as determined by radioimmunoassay, which did not display any significant variation after chronic treatment with OXT or placebo. Similarly, the mean ± SD baseline AVP value of 2.40 ± 1.26 pg/ml remained unchanged. The present study also assessed cardiovascular and body fluid indicators (osmolality, plasma sodium concentration and systolic blood pressure), as well as a parameter for food intake (body mass index), with all observed to remain stable. By reporting that daily treatment with 40 IU of intranasal OXT or placebo for 4 months does not impact on OXT and AVP plasma levels, nor on cardiovascular, body fluids and food intake parameters, the present study represents an important step towards developing OXT as a safe treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Busnelli
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - J Dagani
- IRCCS Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - G de Girolamo
- IRCCS Saint John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Balestrieri
- Psychiatric Clinic, DISM, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - S Pini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Sector, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F M Saviotti
- Department of Mental Health, AO Desenzano del Garda, Italy
| | - P Scocco
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda ULSS 16, Padua, Italy
| | - D Sisti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - M Rocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - B Chini
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
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