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Baranauskiene N, Wang J, Eimantas N, Solianik R, Brazaitis M. Age-related differences in the neuromuscular performance of fatigue-provoking exercise under severe whole-body hyperthermia conditions. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1621-1637. [PMID: 37218443 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine if aging would lead to greater decline in neuromuscular function during a fatiguing task under severe whole-body hyperthermia conditions. METHODS Twelve young (aged 19-21 years) and 11 older (aged 65-80 years) males were enrolled in the study, which comprised a randomized control trial under a thermoneutral condition at an ambient temperature of 23°C (CON) and an experimental trial with passive lower body heating in 43°C water (HWI-43°C). Changes in neuromuscular function and fatigability, and physical performance-influencing factors such as psychological, thermoregulatory, neuroendocrine, and immune responses to whole-body hyperthermia were measured. RESULTS A slower increase in rectal temperature, and a lower heart rate, thermal sensation, and sweating rate were observed in older males than young males in response to HWI-43°C trial (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, prolactin increased more in response to hyperthermia in young males, while interleukin-6 and cortisol levels increased more in older males (p < 0.05). Peripheral dopamine levels decreased in older males and increased in young males in response to hyperthermia (p < 0.05). Surprisingly, older males demonstrated greater neuromuscular fatigability resistance and faster maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque recovery after a 2-min sustained isometric MVC task under thermoneutral and severe hyperthermic conditions (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Neuromuscular performance during fatigue-provoking sustained isometric exercise under severe whole-body hyperthermia conditions appears to decline in both age groups, but a lower relative decline in torque production for older males may relate to lower psychological and thermophysiological strain along with a diminished dopamine response and prolactin release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neringa Baranauskiene
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Junli Wang
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nerijus Eimantas
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rima Solianik
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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2
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Maas SL, Donners MMPC, van der Vorst EPC. ADAM10 and ADAM17, Major Regulators of Chronic Kidney Disease Induced Atherosclerosis? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087309. [PMID: 37108478 PMCID: PMC10139114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem, affecting millions of people worldwide, in particular hypertensive and diabetic patients. CKD patients suffer from significantly increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, mainly due to accelerated atherosclerosis development. Indeed, CKD not only affects the kidneys, in which injury and maladaptive repair processes lead to local inflammation and fibrosis, but also causes systemic inflammation and altered mineral bone metabolism leading to vascular dysfunction, calcification, and thus, accelerated atherosclerosis. Although CKD and CVD individually have been extensively studied, relatively little research has studied the link between both diseases. This narrative review focuses on the role of a disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAM) 10 and ADAM17 in CKD and CVD and will for the first time shed light on their role in CKD-induced CVD. By cleaving cell surface molecules, these enzymes regulate not only cellular sensitivity to their micro-environment (in case of receptor cleavage), but also release soluble ectodomains that can exert agonistic or antagonistic functions, both locally and systemically. Although the cell-specific roles of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in CVD, and to a lesser extent in CKD, have been explored, their impact on CKD-induced CVD is likely, yet remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L Maas
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marjo M P C Donners
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany
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de Almeida LGN, Thode H, Eslambolchi Y, Chopra S, Young D, Gill S, Devel L, Dufour A. Matrix Metalloproteinases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:712-768. [PMID: 35738680 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) was discovered in 1962 from the tail of a tadpole by its ability to degrade collagen. As their name suggests, matrix metalloproteinases are proteases capable of remodeling the extracellular matrix. More recently, MMPs have been demonstrated to play numerous additional biologic roles in cell signaling, immune regulation, and transcriptional control, all of which are unrelated to the degradation of the extracellular matrix. In this review, we will present milestones and major discoveries of MMP research, including various clinical trials for the use of MMP inhibitors. We will discuss the reasons behind the failures of most MMP inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. There are still misconceptions about the pathophysiological roles of MMPs and the best strategies to inhibit their detrimental functions. This review aims to discuss MMPs in preclinical models and human pathologies. We will discuss new biochemical tools to track their proteolytic activity in vivo and ex vivo, in addition to future pharmacological alternatives to inhibit their detrimental functions in diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in most inflammatory, autoimmune, cancers, and pathogen-mediated diseases. Initially overlooked, MMP contributions can be both beneficial and detrimental in disease progression and resolution. Thousands of MMP substrates have been suggested, and a few hundred have been validated. After more than 60 years of MMP research, there remain intriguing enigmas to solve regarding their biological functions in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz G N de Almeida
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Hayley Thode
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Yekta Eslambolchi
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Sameeksha Chopra
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Daniel Young
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Sean Gill
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Laurent Devel
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (L.G.N.d.A., Y.E., S.C., D.Y., A.D.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.G., H.T.); and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (L.D.)
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Small Vessel Disease: Ancient Description, Novel Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073508. [PMID: 35408867 PMCID: PMC8998274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Small vessel disease (SVD) is one of the most frequent pathological conditions which lead to dementia. Biochemical and neuroimaging might help correctly identify the clinical diagnosis of this relevant brain disease. The microvascular alterations which underlie SVD have common origins, similar cognitive outcomes, and common vascular risk factors. Nevertheless, the arteriolosclerosis process, which underlines SVD development, is based on different mechanisms, not all completely understood, which start from a chronic hypoperfusion state and pass through a chronic brain inflammatory condition, inducing a significant endothelium activation and a consequent tissue remodeling action. In a recent review, we focused on the pathophysiology of SVD, which is complex, involving genetic conditions and different co-morbidities (i.e., diabetes, chronic hypoxia condition, and obesity). Currently, many points still remain unclear and discordant. In this paper, we wanted to focus on new biomarkers, which can be the expression of the endothelial dysfunction, or of the oxidative damage, which could be employed as markers of disease progression or for future targets of therapies. Therefore, we described the altered response to the endothelium-derived nitric oxide-vasodilators (ENOV), prostacyclin, C-reactive proteins, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHF). At the same time, due to the concomitant endothelial activation and chronic neuroinflammatory status, we described hypoxia-endothelial-related markers, such as HIF 1 alpha, VEGFR2, and neuroglobin, and MMPs. We also described blood–brain barrier disruption biomarkers and imaging techniques, which can also describe perivascular spaces enlargement and dysfunction. More studies should be necessary, in order to implement these results and give them a clinical benefit.
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Poh XY, Loh FK, Friedland JS, Ong CWM. Neutrophil-Mediated Immunopathology and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Central Nervous System - Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:788976. [PMID: 35095865 PMCID: PMC8789671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.788976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious killers in the world, infecting approximately a quarter of the world’s population with the causative organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) is the most severe form of TB, with high mortality and residual neurological sequelae even with effective TB treatment. In CNS-TB, recruited neutrophils infiltrate into the brain to carry out its antimicrobial functions of degranulation, phagocytosis and NETosis. However, neutrophils also mediate inflammation, tissue destruction and immunopathology in the CNS. Neutrophils release key mediators including matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) which degrade brain extracellular matrix (ECM), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α which may drive inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) that drive cellular necrosis and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), interacting with platelets to form thrombi that may lead to ischemic stroke. Host-directed therapies (HDTs) targeting these key mediators are potentially exciting, but currently remain of unproven effectiveness. This article reviews the key role of neutrophils and neutrophil-derived mediators in driving CNS-TB immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ying Poh
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fei Kean Loh
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jon S Friedland
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine W M Ong
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 2 (NDRG2) Function as a Positive Regulator of Apoptosis: A New Insight into NDRG2 as a Tumor Suppressor. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102649. [PMID: 34685629 PMCID: PMC8534062 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a tumor suppressor gene that increases tumor sensitivity to anticancer drugs, slows tumor progression, and inhibits metastasis. NDRG2 is suppressed in various aggressive tumor positions, whereas NDRG2 expression is associated with patient prognosis, such as an improved survival rate. In this review, we summarize the tumor suppressor mechanism of NDRG2 and provide information on the function of NDRG2 concerning the susceptibility of cells to apoptosis. NDRG2 increases the susceptibility to apoptosis in various physiological environments of cells, such as development, hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and cancer drug treatment. Although the molecular and cell biological mechanisms of NDRG2 have not been fully elucidated, we provide information on the mechanisms of NDRG2 in relation to apoptosis in various environments. This review can assist the design of research regarding NDRG2 function and suggests the potential of NDRG2 as a molecular target for cancer patients.
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7
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Broekaart DW, Bertran A, Jia S, Korotkov A, Senkov O, Bongaarts A, Mills JD, Anink JJ, Seco J, Baayen JC, Idema S, Chabrol E, Becker AJ, Wadman WJ, Tarragó T, Gorter JA, Aronica E, Prades R, Dityatev A, van Vliet EA. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor IPR-179 has antiseizure and antiepileptogenic effects. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:138332. [PMID: 33141761 DOI: 10.1172/jci138332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are synthesized by neurons and glia and released into the extracellular space, where they act as modulators of neuroplasticity and neuroinflammatory agents. Development of epilepsy (epileptogenesis) is associated with increased expression of MMPs, and therefore, they may represent potential therapeutic drug targets. Using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry, we studied the expression of MMPs and their endogenous inhibitors tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in patients with status epilepticus (SE) or temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and in a rat TLE model. Furthermore, we tested the MMP2/9 inhibitor IPR-179 in the rapid-kindling rat model and in the intrahippocampal kainic acid mouse model. In both human and experimental epilepsy, MMP and TIMP expression were persistently dysregulated in the hippocampus compared with in controls. IPR-179 treatment reduced seizure severity in the rapid-kindling model and reduced the number of spontaneous seizures in the kainic acid model (during and up to 7 weeks after delivery) without side effects while improving cognitive behavior. Moreover, our data suggest that IPR-179 prevented an MMP2/9-dependent switch-off normally restraining network excitability during the activity period. Since increased MMP expression is a prominent hallmark of the human epileptogenic brain and the MMP inhibitor IPR-179 exhibits antiseizure and antiepileptogenic effects in rodent epilepsy models and attenuates seizure-induced cognitive decline, it deserves further investigation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diede Wm Broekaart
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Shaobo Jia
- Molecular Neuroplasticity Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anatoly Korotkov
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oleg Senkov
- Molecular Neuroplasticity Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anika Bongaarts
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - James D Mills
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jasper J Anink
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jesús Seco
- Accure Therapeutics S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johannes C Baayen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander Idema
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elodie Chabrol
- UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Albert J Becker
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wytse J Wadman
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Jan A Gorter
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands
| | | | - Alexander Dityatev
- Molecular Neuroplasticity Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Erwin A van Vliet
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Blood-brain barrier dysfunction as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:487-498. [PMID: 34028650 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is composed of specific tight junction proteins and transporters expressed on the lining of endothelial cells of the vasculature in the brain. The structural and functional integrity of the BBB is one of the most critical factors for maintaining brain homeostasis and is mainly regulated by complex interactions between various cell types, such as endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, which are shaped by their differential responses to changes in microenvironments. Alterations in these cellular components have been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. Although it has long been considered that BBB dysfunction is a mere ramification of pathological phenomena, emerging evidence supports its critical role in the pathogenesis of various disorders. In epilepsy, heightened BBB permeability has been found to be associated with increased occurrence of spontaneous seizures. Additionally, exaggerated inflammatory responses significantly correlate with increased BBB permeability during healthy aging. Furthermore, it has been previously reported that BBB disruption can be an early marker for predicting cognitive impairment in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. We herein review a potential role of the major cellular components of the BBB, with a focus on the contribution of BBB disruption, in neurodegenerative disease progression.
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Chauhan P, Kakkar AK, Singh H, Gautam CS. Minocycline for the management of multiple sclerosis: repositioning potential, opportunities, and challenges. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 21:35-43. [PMID: 33059513 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1838276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating inflammatory disorder with variable clinical and pathologic characteristics reflecting multiple underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Repositioning of existing drugs for the new indications offers several advantages including significant reduction in the cost and time of drug development and exemption from early phase clinical trials. Minocycline has been reported to exhibit immunomodulation in several pre-clinical and clinical studies through suppression of migratory inflammatory cells, modulation of peripheral immune response, and inhibition of microglial activation within the CNS. AREAS COVERED Here, the authors review the repositioning potential of minocycline for the treatment of MS along with appraisal of the evidence obtained from preclinical and clinical research. The authors also discuss the advantages and potential safety concerns related to the use of minocycline for the management of MS. EXPERT OPINION Minocycline offers several distinct advantages in terms of well-known safety profile, lower cost of therapy, widespread availability, and being available as an oral formulation. The authors call upon the public and private funders to facilitate well designed and adequately powered randomized clinical trials that can provide conclusive evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of minocycline in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Kakkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh, India
| | - Harmanjit Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital , Chandigarh, India
| | - C S Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital , Chandigarh, India
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10
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Oraby MI, Hussein M, Abd Elkareem R, Elfar E. The emerging role of serum zinc in motor disability and radiological findings in patients with multiple sclerosis. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-019-0107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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11
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Muri L, Leppert D, Grandgirard D, Leib SL. MMPs and ADAMs in neurological infectious diseases and multiple sclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3097-3116. [PMID: 31172218 PMCID: PMC7079810 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases-such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs)-are involved in various diseases of the nervous system but also contribute to nervous system development, synaptic plasticity and neuroregeneration upon injury. MMPs and ADAMs proteolytically cleave many substrates including extracellular matrix components but also signaling molecules and receptors. During neuroinfectious disease with associated neuroinflammation, MMPs and ADAMs regulate blood-brain barrier breakdown, bacterial invasion, neutrophil infiltration and cytokine signaling. Specific and broad-spectrum inhibitors for MMPs and ADAMs have experimentally been shown to decrease neuroinflammation and brain damage in diseases with excessive neuroinflammation as a common denominator, such as pneumococcal meningitis and multiple sclerosis, thereby improving the disease outcome. Timing of metalloproteinase inhibition appears to be critical to effectively target the cascade of pathophysiological processes leading to brain damage without inhibiting the neuroregenerative effects of metalloproteinases. As the critical role of metalloproteinases in neuronal repair mechanisms and regeneration was only lately recognized, the original idea of chronic MMP inhibition needs to be conceptually revised. Recently accumulated research urges for a second chance of metalloproteinase inhibitors, which-when correctly applied and dosed-harbor the potential to improve the outcome of different neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Muri
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB), University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Leppert
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Denis Grandgirard
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephen L Leib
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.
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12
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Chan KL, Cathomas F, Russo SJ. Central and Peripheral Inflammation Link Metabolic Syndrome and Major Depressive Disorder. Physiology (Bethesda) 2019; 34:123-133. [PMID: 30724127 PMCID: PMC6586832 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00047.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome and major depression are two of the most common and debilitating disorders worldwide, occurring with significant rates of comorbidity. Recent studies have uncovered that each of these conditions is associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation. This is characterized by increased circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, altered leukocyte population frequencies in blood, accumulation of immune cells in tissues including the brain, and activation of these immune cells. Cytokines that become elevated during obesity can contribute to the progression of metabolic syndrome by directly causing insulin resistance. During chronic stress, there is evidence that these cytokines promote depression-like behavior by disrupting neurotransmitter synthesis and signal transduction. Animal models of obesity and depression have revealed a bi-directional relationship whereby high-fat feeding and chronic stress synergize and exacerbate metabolic dysregulation and behavioral abnormalities. Although far from conclusive, emerging evidence suggests that inflammation in the central and peripheral immune system may link metabolic syndrome to major depressive disorder. In this review, we will synthesize available data supporting this view and identify critical areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny L Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Affective Neuroscience, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York
| | - Flurin Cathomas
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Affective Neuroscience, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York
| | - Scott J Russo
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Affective Neuroscience, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York
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Zheng D, Chang X, Liu Y, Xu J, Gou W, Li Z, Zuo D, Zhang W, Wu Y. 2-Methoxy-5((3,4,5-trimethosyphenyl)seleninyl) phenol reverses EGF-induced cell migration and invasion through down-regulation of MDM2 in breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 20:513-523. [PMID: 30514153 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1537578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Methoxy-5((3,4,5-trimethosyphenyl)seleninyl) phenol (SQ), a novel synthesized combretastatin A-4
(CA-4) analogue, is identified as a microtubule inhibitor and has been shown to exert anticancer activity in breast cancer cells. Here, we found that SQ reversed epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced motility and invasion in breast cancer cell lines by the in vitro Wound healing and Transwell assay. Further studies showed that SQ treatment resulted in inhibitory alteration of EGF-stimulated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and MMP-2 activity. What is more, SQ significantly inhibited the EGF-induced mouse double minute 2- (MDM2) expression and transcription factor Twist1 expression. In addition, compared with the control cells, MDM2 overexpression up-regulated Twist1 expression and dramatically promoted cell migration and invasion, MDM2 under-expression also down-regulated Twist1 expression and suppressed cell motility and invasion. Taken together, our findings suggest that the inhibitory effects of SQ on migration and invasion were related to the suppression of MDM2 and Twist1 signal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Zheng
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Xing Chang
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Yang Liu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Wenfeng Gou
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Weige Zhang
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
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14
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The associations between serum vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 4 with the markers of blood-brain barrier breakdown in patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 126:149-158. [PMID: 30374596 PMCID: PMC6373237 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1950-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a critical step in paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) development. Several cytokines have been implicated in BBB breakdown. However, the exact step-by-step mechanism in which PNS develops is unknown, and the relationship between a systemic neoplasm and BBB is multilevel. The aim of the present study was to examine serum markers of BBB breakdown (S100B protein, neuron-specific enolase, NSE) and concentrations of proinflammatory (TNF-alpha, VEGF) and anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines (IL-4), and to establish their interrelationship in patients with PNS. We analyzed 84 patients seropositive for onconeural antibodies that originated from a cohort of 250 cases with suspected PNS. Onconeural antibodies were estimated with indirect immunofluorescence and confirmed with Western blotting. Serum S-100B was estimated using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. NSE, VEGF, TNF-alpha and IL-4 were analyzed with ELISA. We found that S-100B protein and NSE serum concentrations were elevated in PNS patients without diagnosed malignancy, and S-100B additionally in patients with peripheral nervous system manifestation of PNS. Serum VEGF levels showed several abnormalities, including a decrease in anti-Hu positive patients and increase in PNS patients with typical manifestation and/or central nervous system involvement. Increase in TNF-alpha was observed in patients with undetermined antibodies. To conclude, the presence of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome in seropositive patients does not affect serum markers of BBB breakdown, with the exception of the group without clinically demonstrated malignancy and patients with peripheral manifestation of PNS. S-100B and NSE might increase during early phase of PNS. VEGF may be involved in typical PNS pathophysiology.
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15
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Herman S, Khoonsari PE, Tolf A, Steinmetz J, Zetterberg H, Åkerfeldt T, Jakobsson PJ, Larsson A, Spjuth O, Burman J, Kultima K. Integration of magnetic resonance imaging and protein and metabolite CSF measurements to enable early diagnosis of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Theranostics 2018; 8:4477-4490. [PMID: 30214633 PMCID: PMC6134925 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular networks in neurological diseases are complex. Despite this fact, contemporary biomarkers are in most cases interpreted in isolation, leading to a significant loss of information and power. We present an analytical approach to scrutinize and combine information from biomarkers originating from multiple sources with the aim of discovering a condensed set of biomarkers that in combination could distinguish the progressive degenerative phenotype of multiple sclerosis (SPMS) from the relapsing-remitting phenotype (RRMS). Methods: Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were integrated with data from protein and metabolite measurements of cerebrospinal fluid, and a method was developed to sift through all the variables to establish a small set of highly informative measurements. This prospective study included 16 SPMS patients, 30 RRMS patients and 10 controls. Protein concentrations were quantitated with multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassays and ELISA. The metabolome was recorded using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clinical follow-up data of the SPMS patients were used to assess disease progression and development of disability. Results: Eleven variables were in combination able to distinguish SPMS from RRMS patients with high confidence superior to any single measurement. The identified variables consisted of three MRI variables: the size of the spinal cord and the third ventricle and the total number of T1 hypointense lesions; six proteins: galectin-9, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), soluble CD40L (sCD40L) and platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA); and two metabolites: 20β-dihydrocortisol (20β-DHF) and indolepyruvate. The proteins myelin basic protein (MBP) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), as well as the metabolites 20β-DHF and 5,6-dihydroxyprostaglandin F1a (5,6-DH-PGF1), were identified as potential biomarkers of disability progression. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates, in a limited but well-defined and data-rich cohort, the importance and value of combining multiple biomarkers to aid diagnostics and track disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Herman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | - Andreas Tolf
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Julia Steinmetz
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Torbjörn Åkerfeldt
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Ola Spjuth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | - Kim Kultima
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
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16
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Association of MMP-2 (⁻1306 C/T) Gene Polymorphism with Predisposition to Optic Neuritis and Optic Neuritis Together with Multiple Sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54020029. [PMID: 30344260 PMCID: PMC6037261 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective: Optic neuritis (ON) is characterized by painful, usually monocular vision loss with decreased visual acuity and defects of the visual field and color vision. The etiology and pathophysiology of ON is not completely clear. It is thought that a matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) gene plays an essential role in this autoimmune inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the MMP-2 (-1306 C/T)rs243865 gene polymorphism and ON, and that of ON with multiple sclerosis. Materials and methods: Patients with ON/ON and multiple sclerosis and a control group of healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. The genotyping test of the MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) was carried out using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Analysis revealed that T allele at the MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) was less frequent in the ON group compared to the control group (14.5% vs. 23.3%, p = 0.031), and was associated with decreased likelihood of ON development (OR = 0.566; 95% CI: 0.333-0.962; p = 0.036). No significant associations were revealed while comparing the subgroups of ON patients with and without multiple sclerosis. Conclusion: The MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) gene polymorphism was found to be associated with ON development.
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17
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Developmental Pathways Pervade Stem Cell Responses to Evolving Extracellular Matrices of 3D Bioprinted Microenvironments. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4809673. [PMID: 29765414 PMCID: PMC5896227 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4809673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental studies and 3D in vitro model systems show that the production and engagement of extracellular matrix (ECM) often precede stem cell differentiation. Yet, unclear is how the ECM triggers signaling events in sequence to accommodate multistep process characteristic of differentiation. Here, we employ transcriptome profiling and advanced imaging to delineate the specificity of ECM engagement to particular differentiation pathways and to determine whether specificity in this context is a function of long-term ECM remodeling. To this end, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured in 3D bioprinted prisms created from ECM proteins and associated controls. We found that exogenous ECM provided in 3D microenvironments at early time points impacts on the composition of microenvironments at later time points and that each evolving 3D microenvironment is uniquely poised to promote stem cell differentiation. Moreover, 2D cultures undergo minimal ECM remodeling and are ill-equipped to stimulate pathways associated with development.
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18
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Liu L, Yang C, Shen J, Huang L, Lin W, Tang H, Liang W, Shao W, Zhang H, He J. GABRA3 promotes lymphatic metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma by mediating upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32341-50. [PMID: 27081042 PMCID: PMC5078017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the main reason for the poor prognosis of lung cancer patients. The GABAA receptor subunit GABRA3 is reportedly upregulated in lung cancer. Herein, we show that high GABRA3 protein expression in lung adenocarcinoma correlated positively with disease stage, lymphatic metastasis status and poor patient survival. In addition, GABRA3 induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression through activation of the JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway, which enhanced lymphatic metastasis by lung adenocarcinoma both in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that GABRA3 promotes lymph node metastasis and may thus be an effective therapeutic target for anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liu
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Yang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyan Huang
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixuan Lin
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailing Tang
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Medicine and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianxing He
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Zhu Z, Lou C, Zheng Z, Zhu R, Tian S, Xie C, Zhao H. ZFP403, a novel tumor suppressor, inhibits the proliferation and metastasis in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 147:418-425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Yang M, Chen BL, Huang JB, Meng YN, Duan XJ, Chen L, Li LR, Chen YP. Angiogenesis-related genes may be a more important factor than matrix metalloproteinases in bronchopulmonary dysplasia development. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18670-18679. [PMID: 28103583 PMCID: PMC5386638 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterized the expression profile of angiogenesis-related genes (ARG) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes in preterm infants, with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We reanalyzed a gene expression dataset for preterm infants from the Gene Expression Omnibus database using the Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Information platform. A total of 1,652 genes were differentially (1.2-fold change) expressed: 811 were highly expressed in infants with BPD, and 841 were highly expressed in those without BPD. Twenty-eight and 11 ARGs were upregulated in infants with and without BPD, respectively. Among 27 detected MMPs and TIMPs, MMP8, MMP9, MMP25, TIMP2 and TIMP3 were differently expressed. Levels of THBS1, MMP8, MMP9, MMP25, TIMP2 and TIMP3 increased as severity of BPD and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) increased, whereas ETS1, LEF1 and SPOCK2 exhibited the opposite trend. Expression of ETS1 and LEF1 had a fitting rate of R2 = 0.849 and P < 0.001. ELISAs showed a positive correlation between THBS1 and CD36 (receptor of THBS1) levels in serum samples from preterm infants. Our study indicates that the upregulation of THBS1 and downregulation of ETS1, LEF1 promotes BPD in preterm infants by disrupting blood vessel formation rather than by dysregulation of MMPs and TIMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Respiratory Department 2, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo-Lin Chen
- Thoracic Medicine Department 2, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian-Bao Huang
- Respiratory Department 2, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Ni Meng
- Respiratory Department 2, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Duan
- Respiratory Department 2, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Respiratory Department 2, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin-Rui Li
- Respiratory Department 2, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Ping Chen
- Respiratory Department 2, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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21
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Ghassemi Nejad S, Kobezda T, Tar I, Szekanecz Z. Development of temporomandibular joint arthritis: The use of animal models. Joint Bone Spine 2017; 84:145-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Martinez-Fierro ML, Perez-Favila A, Garza-Veloz I, Espinoza-Juarez MA, Avila-Carrasco L, Delgado-Enciso I, Ortiz-Castro Y, Cardenas-Vargas E, Cid-Baez MA, Ramirez-Santoyo RM, Cervantes-Kardasch VH, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Badillo-Almaraz JI, Castañeda-Miranda R, Solis-Sanchez LO, Ortiz-Rodriguez JM. Matrix metalloproteinase multiplex screening identifies increased MMP-2 urine concentrations in women predicted to develop preeclampsia. Biomarkers 2017; 23:18-24. [PMID: 28055277 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2017.1279214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia, a pregnancy disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, represents the leading cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The identification of novel and accurate biomarkers that are predictive of preeclampsia is necessary to improve the prognosis of patients with preeclampsia. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of nine urinary metalloproteinases to predict the risk of preeclampsia development. METHODS MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12 and MMP-13 were analyzed in urine (early-pregnancy) from 17 women predicted to develop preeclampsia and 48 controls using the Bio-Plex Pro-Human MMP panel (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). RESULTS Urinary MMP-2 showed differences between groups which allowed us to calculate an increased risk for PE development of up to 20 times among the study population. CONCLUSION Increased urinary concentration of MMP-2 at 12 and 16 weeks of gestation predicted an increased risk of developing preeclampsia in the study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita L Martinez-Fierro
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.,b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.,c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Aurelio Perez-Favila
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.,b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.,c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Marcela A Espinoza-Juarez
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Lorena Avila-Carrasco
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Ivan Delgado-Enciso
- d School of Medicine, University of Colima , Colima , Mexico.,e Instituto Estatal de Cancerologia, Servicios de Salud del Estado de Colima , Colima , Mexico
| | - Yolanda Ortiz-Castro
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Edith Cardenas-Vargas
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Miguel A Cid-Baez
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Rosa M Ramirez-Santoyo
- f Unidad Academica de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | | | - Iram P Rodriguez-Sanchez
- g Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León , Monterrey , Nuevo León , México
| | - Jose I Badillo-Almaraz
- a Molecular Medicine Laboratory , Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Castañeda-Miranda
- b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.,c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Luis O Solis-Sanchez
- b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.,c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico
| | - Jose M Ortiz-Rodriguez
- b Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Industrial, Unidad Academica de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas , Zacatecas , Mexico.,c Grupo de Investigacion Regional Emergente (GIRE) , Zacatecas , Mexico
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23
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Lou C, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Zhu R, Zhao H. Arctigenin, a lignan from Arctium lappa L., inhibits metastasis of human breast cancer cells through the downregulation of MMP-2/-9 and heparanase in MDA-MB-231 cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:179-184. [PMID: 27878294 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin is a bioactive lignan isolated from the seeds of Arctium lappa L. which has been widely used as a diuretic and a diaphoretic in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In the present study, the authors investigated the effects of arctigenin on tumor migration and invasion in aggressive human breast cancer cells. The MTT assay results showed that arctigenin did not show a significant cytotoxic effect on the cell viability of MDA-MB-231 cells. However, wound healing migration and Boyden chamber invasion assays demonstrated that arctigenin significantly inhibited in vitro migration and invasion of the MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, gelatin zymography results showed that arctigenin reduced the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Western blot analysis results demonstrated that the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and heparanase proteins was significantly downregulated following the treatment of arctigenin. Finally, the antiangiogenic activity of arctigenin was also examined by the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Arctigenin treatment significantly inhibited angiogenesis in the CAM. In conclusion, the results revealed that arctigenin significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells by downregulating MMP-2, MMP-9 and heparanase expression. However, further studies are still necessary to investigate the exact mechanisms involved and to explore signal transduction pathways to better understand the biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Lou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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24
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Emerging role of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) in cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:209-23. [PMID: 26506239 PMCID: PMC4807993 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a tumor suppressor and cell stress-related gene. NDRG2 is associated with tumor incidence, progression, and metastasis. NDRG2 regulates tumor-associated genes and is regulated by multiple conditions, treatments, and protein/RNA entities, including hyperthermia, trichostatin A and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, which are promising potential cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the expression as well as the clinical and pathological significance of NDRG2 in cancer. The pathological processes and molecular pathways regulated by NDRG2 are also summarized. Moreover, mechanisms for increasing NDRG2 expression in tumors and the potential directions of future NDRG2 research are discussed. The information reviewed here should assist in experimental design and increase the potential of NDRG2 as a therapeutic target for cancer.
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25
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Rempe RG, Hartz AMS, Bauer B. Matrix metalloproteinases in the brain and blood-brain barrier: Versatile breakers and makers. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2016; 36:1481-507. [PMID: 27323783 PMCID: PMC5012524 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16655551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases are versatile endopeptidases with many different functions in the body in health and disease. In the brain, matrix metalloproteinases are critical for tissue formation, neuronal network remodeling, and blood-brain barrier integrity. Many reviews have been published on matrix metalloproteinases before, most of which focus on the two best studied matrix metalloproteinases, the gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, and their role in one or two diseases. In this review, we provide a broad overview of the role various matrix metalloproteinases play in brain disorders. We summarize and review current knowledge and understanding of matrix metalloproteinases in the brain and at the blood-brain barrier in neuroinflammation, multiple sclerosis, cerebral aneurysms, stroke, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and brain cancer. We discuss the detrimental effects matrix metalloproteinases can have in these conditions, contributing to blood-brain barrier leakage, neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, demyelination, tumor angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis. We also discuss the beneficial role matrix metalloproteinases can play in neuroprotection and anti-inflammation. Finally, we address matrix metalloproteinases as potential therapeutic targets. Together, in this comprehensive review, we summarize current understanding and knowledge of matrix metalloproteinases in the brain and at the blood-brain barrier in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf G Rempe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Anika M S Hartz
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Björn Bauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Sawyer EB, Edgeworth JA, Thomas C, Collinge J, Jackson GS. Preclinical detection of infectivity and disease-specific PrP in blood throughout the incubation period of prion disease. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17742. [PMID: 26631638 PMCID: PMC4668555 DOI: 10.1038/srep17742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterised by accumulation of pathological isoforms of the prion protein, PrP. Although cases of clinical vCJD are rare, there is evidence there may be tens of thousands of infectious carriers in the United Kingdom alone. This raises concern about the potential for perpetuation of infection via medical procedures, in particular transfusion of contaminated blood products. Accurate biochemical detection of prion infection is crucial to mitigate risk and we have previously reported a blood assay for vCJD. This assay is sensitive for abnormal PrP conformers at the earliest stages of preclinical prion disease in mice and precedes the maximum infectious titre in blood. Not only does this support the possibility of screening asymptomatic individuals, it will also facilitate the elucidation of the complex relationship that exists between the ensemble of abnormal PrP conformers present in blood and the relationship to infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Sawyer
- MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Julie Ann Edgeworth
- MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Claire Thomas
- MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John Collinge
- MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Graham S Jackson
- MRC Prion Unit, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 and 9 in the Pathogenesis of Acute Neuroinflammation. Implications for Disease Modifying Therapy. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 56:840-847. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0521-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Fan MJ, Wang IC, Hsiao YT, Lin HY, Tang NY, Hung TC, Quan C, Lien JC, Chung JG. Anthocyanins from black rice (Oryza sativa L.) demonstrate antimetastatic properties by reducing MMPs and NF-κB expressions in human oral cancer CAL 27 cells. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:327-38. [PMID: 25658905 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.990576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aside from the commonly known white rice lines, colored varieties also exist. These varieties have historically been used in Chinese medicine. Anthocyanins, a large group of natural polyphenols existing in a variety of daily fruits and vegetables, have been widely recognized as cancer chemopreventive agents. The primary objective of cancer treatment strategies has traditionally focused on preventing the occurrence of metastasis. In this research the antimetastatic mechanism of anthocyanins on the invasion/migration of human oral CAL 27 cells was performed using a transwell to quantify the migratory potential of CAL 27 cells and the results show that anthocyanins can inhibit the in vitro migration and invasion of CAL 27 cancer cells. In addition, the gelatin zymography assay indicated that anthocyanins inhibited the activity of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2). Western blotting assay also demonstrated that anthocyanins inhibited the associated protein expression of migration/invasion of CAL 27 cell. Immunofluorescence staining proved that anthocyanins inhibited nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) expressions. These results demonstrated that anthocyanins from a species of black rice (selected purple glutinous indica rice cultivated at Asia University) could suppress CAL 27 cell metastasis by reduction of MMP-2, MMP-9, and NF-κB p65 expression through the suppression of PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibition of NF-κB levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jen Fan
- a Department of Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan , and Department of Medical Research , China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
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Nischwitz S, Wolf C, Andlauer TFM, Czamara D, Zettl UK, Rieckmann P, Buck D, Ising M, Bettecken T, Mueller-Myhsok B, Weber F. MS susceptibility is not affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MMP9 gene. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 279:46-9. [PMID: 25670000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of genetic variants affecting MMP9 on MS susceptibility is still in debate. We could not detect an association of MMP9 SNPs with MS on a genome-wide significance level by SNP genotyping, followed by imputation of SNPs within a region stretching 2Mbp up- and down-stream of MMP9. Rs6073751, located within WFDC2, was found associated with MS most strongly. Rs3918242, associated with MS according to previous reports, showed nominal significance only. Meta-analysis of our own and published data did not confirm this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nischwitz
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | - C Wolf
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - T F M Andlauer
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - D Czamara
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - U K Zettl
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - P Rieckmann
- Department of Neurology, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Buger Straße 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - D Buck
- Department of Neurology, TU München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 München, Germany
| | - M Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - T Bettecken
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - B Mueller-Myhsok
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - F Weber
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
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Kittaka S, Hasegawa S, Ito Y, Ohbuchi N, Suzuki E, Kawano S, Aoki Y, Nakatsuka K, Kudo K, Wakiguchi H, Kajimoto M, Matsushige T, Ichiyama T. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in human herpesvirus-6–infected infants with or without febrile seizures. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:716-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kim YJ, Kwon SU. Recurrent steroid-responsive cerebral vasogenic edema in status migrainosus and persistent aura. Cephalalgia 2014; 35:728-34. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102414553820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Status migrainosus (SM) and persistent aura (PA) without infarction are complications of migraine. Although several patients have been reported to have reversible brain lesions associated with complications of migraine, their nature and pathophysiology remain unclear. Case We report on a 38-year-old male who presented with nine episodes of SM and PA over eight years. Serial neuroimaging studies including brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood flow single photon emission tomography (SPECT),18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and11 C-flumazenil PET (FMZ-PET) demonstrated cerebral vasogenic edema (CVE) with hypoperfusion and hypometabolism in the area, anatomically corresponding to the area with PA. SM and PA were effectively controlled by corticosteroid therapy. Follow-up MRI revealed complete reversibility of the CVE, which was supported by normal FMZ-PET and FDG-PET findings. Conclusion We have described a patient with transient brain lesions associated with complications of migraine who was diagnosed with fully reversible and steroid responsive CVE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Jung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun U Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
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Ong CWM, Elkington PT, Friedland JS. Tuberculosis, pulmonary cavitation, and matrix metalloproteinases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:9-18. [PMID: 24713029 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201311-2106pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic infectious disease of global importance, is facing the emergence of drug-resistant strains with few new drugs to treat the infection. Pulmonary cavitation, the hallmark of established disease, is associated with very high bacillary burden. Cavitation may lead to delayed sputum culture conversion, emergence of drug resistance, and transmission of the infection. The host immunological reaction to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is implicated in driving the development of TB cavities. TB is characterized by a matrix-degrading phenotype in which the activity of proteolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is relatively unopposed by the specific tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. Proteases, in particular MMPs, secreted from monocyte-derived cells, neutrophils, and stromal cells, are involved in both cell recruitment and tissue damage and may cause cavitation. MMP activity is augmented by proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines, is tightly regulated by complex signaling paths, and causes matrix destruction. MMP concentrations are elevated in human TB and are closely associated with clinical and radiological markers of lung tissue destruction. Immunomodulatory therapies targeting MMPs in preclinical and clinical trials are potential adjuncts to TB treatment. Strategies targeting patients with cavitary TB have the potential to improve cure rates and reduce disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine W M Ong
- 1 Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Sudheimer KD, O'Hara R, Spiegel D, Powers B, Kraemer HC, Neri E, Weiner M, Hardan A, Hallmayer J, Dhabhar FS. Cortisol, cytokines, and hippocampal volume interactions in the elderly. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:153. [PMID: 25071562 PMCID: PMC4079951 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Separate bodies of literature report that elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and cortisol negatively affect hippocampal structure and cognitive functioning, particularly in older adults. Although interactions between cytokines and cortisol occur through a variety of known mechanisms, few studies consider how their interactions affect brain structure. In this preliminary study, we assess the impact of interactions between circulating levels of IL-1Beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-alpha, and waking cortisol on hippocampal volume. Twenty-eight community-dwelling older adults underwent blood draws for quantification of circulating cytokines and saliva collections to quantify the cortisol awakening response. Hippocampal volume measurements were made using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Elevated levels of waking cortisol in conjunction with higher concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were associated with smaller hippocampal volumes. In addition, independent of cortisol, higher levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were also associated with smaller hippocampal volumes. These data provide preliminary evidence that higher cortisol, in conjunction with higher IL-6 and TNF-alpha, are associated with smaller hippocampal volume in older adults. We suggest that the dynamic balance between the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis and inflammation processes may explain hippocampal volume reductions in older adults better than either set of measures do in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith D Sudheimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ruth O'Hara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Spiegel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bevin Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Helena C Kraemer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric Neri
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael Weiner
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA ; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Hardan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joachim Hallmayer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Firdaus S Dhabhar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA ; Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA
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Kim YS, Joh TH. Matrix metalloproteinases, new insights into the understanding of neurodegenerative disorders. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 20:133-43. [PMID: 24116286 PMCID: PMC3792209 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2012.20.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a subfamily of zinc-dependent proteases that are responsible for degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix proteins. The activity of MMPs is tightly regulated at several levels including cleavage of prodomain, allosteric activation, compartmentalization and complex formation with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). In the central nervous system (CNS), MMPs play a wide variety of roles ranging from brain development, synaptic plasticity and repair after injury to the pathogenesis of various brain disorders. Following general discussion on the domain structure and the regulation of activity of MMPs, we emphasize their implication in various brain disorder conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, ischemia/reperfusion and Parkinson’s disease. We further highlight accumulating evidence that MMPs might be the culprit in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Among them, MMP-3 appears to be involved in a range of pathogenesis processes in PD including neuroinflammation, apoptosis and degradation of α-synuclein and DJ-1. MMP inhibitors could represent potential novel therapeutic strategies for treatments of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Seong Kim
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827
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35
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Ogura Y, Tajrishi MM, Sato S, Hindi SM, Kumar A. Therapeutic potential of matrix metalloproteinases in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2014; 2:11. [PMID: 25364719 PMCID: PMC4207008 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2014.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are secreted proteinases that have physiologic roles in degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) in almost all tissues. However, their excessive production in disease conditions leads to many pathological features including tissue breakdown, inflammation, cell death, and fibrosis. Duchenne Muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating genetic muscle disorder caused by partial or complete loss of cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. Progressive muscle wasting in DMD is accompanied by myofiber necrosis followed by cycles of regeneration and degeneration and inflammation that eventually result in replacement of myofiber by connective and adipose tissues. Emerging evidence suggests that gene expression and the activity of various MMPs are aberrantly regulated in muscle biopsies from DMD patients and in skeletal muscle of animal models of DMD. Moreover, a few studies employing genetic mouse models have revealed that different MMPs play distinct roles in disease progression in DMD. Modulation of the activity of MMPs improves myofiber regeneration and enhances the efficacy of transplantation and engraftment of muscle progenitor cells in dystrophic muscle in mouse models of DMD. Furthermore, recent reports also suggest that some MMPs especially MMP-9 can serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of DMD. In this article, we provide a succinct overview of the regulation of various MMPs and their therapeutic importance in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ogura
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Marjan M Tajrishi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shuichi Sato
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Sajedah M Hindi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, KY, USA
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Sinha D, Dutta K, Ganguly KK, Biswas J, Bishayee A. A novel synthetic oleanane triterpenoid suppresses adhesion, migration, and invasion of highly metastatic melanoma cells by modulating gelatinase signaling axis. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:654-67. [PMID: 24510625 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A methyl derivative natural triterpenoid amooranin (methyl-25-hydroxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oate, AMR-Me) has been found to possess antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and antiinflammatory effects against established tumor cells. Large-scale synthesis of pure AMR-Me has eliminated the need of the natural phytochemical for further development of AMR-Me as an anticancer drug. Metastatic melanoma is a fatal form of cutaneous malignancy with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. It was hypothesized that antitumor pharmacological effect of AMR-Me could be linked to AMR-Me-mediated suppression of the metastatic potential of B16F10 murine melanoma. AMR-Me was assessed for its antimetastatic efficacy by cell adhesion, migration, and invasion assays in B16F10 cells. The signaling crosstalk was explored by gelatin zymography, Western blot, ELISA, and immunocytochemistry. The results elicited that AMR-Me was successful in restricting the adhesion, migration, and invasion of highly metastatic cells. The antimetastatic potential of this compound may be attributed to the reduced expression of membrane type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). AMR-Me was found to downregulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/phosphorylated forms of focal adhesion kinase (pFAK397 )/Jun N-terminus kinase (pJNK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK). This, in turn, inhibited transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and transactivation of MMPs. Moreover, the activation of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) might have influenced the downmodulation of MT1-MMP, MMP-2, and MMP-9. AMR-Me suppresses the activity of MT1-MMP, MMP-2, and MMP-9 by downregulation of VEGF/pFAK397 /pJNK/pERK/NF-κB and activation of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in metastatic melanoma cell line, B16F10. AMR-Me has the potential as an effective anticancer drug for metastatic melanoma which is a dismal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Sinha
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaustav Dutta
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kirat K Ganguly
- Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jaydip Biswas
- Translational and Clinical Research, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, American University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill, California
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Mirshafiey A, Asghari B, Ghalamfarsa G, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Azizi G. The significance of matrix metalloproteinases in the immunopathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2014; 14:e13-25. [PMID: 24516744 DOI: 10.12816/0003332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The major pathological outcomes of the disease are the loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and the development of reactive astrogliosis and MS plaque. For the disease to occur, the non-resident cells must enter into the immune-privileged CNS through a breach in the relatively impermeable BBB. It has been demonstrated that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of MS, in part through the disruption of the BBB and the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the CNS. Moreover, MMPs can also enhance the cleavage of myelin basic protein (MBP) and the demyelination process. Regarding the growing data on the roles of MMPs and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in the pathogenesis of MS, this review discusses the role of different types of MMPs, including MMP-2, -3, -7, -9, -12 and -25, in the immunopathogenesis and treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Mirshafiey
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Asghari
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Imam Hassan Mojtaba Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Gupta VK. CSD, BBB and MMP-9 elevations: animal experiments versus clinical phenomena in migraine. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 9:1595-614. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Scaini G, Morais MOS, Galant LS, Vuolo F, Dall’Igna DM, Pasquali MAB, Ramos VM, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF, Schuck PF, Ferreira GC, Soriano FG, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL. Coadministration of Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Lipopolysaccharide Causes Matrix Metalloproteinase Activation and Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 50:358-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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40
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Protein markers of cerebrovascular disruption of neurovascular unit: immunohistochemical and imaging approaches. Rev Neurosci 2014; 25:481-507. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2013-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hartung HP, Aktas O, Menge T, Kieseier BC. Immune regulation of multiple sclerosis. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2014; 122:3-14. [PMID: 24507511 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-52001-2.00001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered a prototype inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). The etiology of this disease remains unknown, but an interplay between as yet unidentified environmental factors and susceptibility genes appears most likely. In consequence, these factors trigger a cascade, involving an inflammatory response within the CNS that results in demyelination, oligodendrocyte death, axonal damage, gliosis, and neurodegeneration. How these complex traits translate into the clinical presentation of the disease is a focus of ongoing research. The central hypothesis is that T lymphocytes with receptors for CNS myelin components are driving the disease. The initial activation of autoreactive lymphocytes is thought to take place in the systemic lymphoid organs, most likely through molecular mimickry or nonspecifically through bystander activation. These autoreactive lymphocytes can migrate to the CNS where they become reactivated upon encountering their target antigen, initiating an autoimmune inflammatory attack. This ultimately leads to demyelination and axonal damage. This chapter focuses on the role of T and B lymphocytes in the immunopathogenesis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Til Menge
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd C Kieseier
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Javaid MA, Abdallah MN, Ahmed AS, Sheikh Z. Matrix metalloproteinases and their pathological upregulation in multiple sclerosis: an overview. Acta Neurol Belg 2013; 113:381-90. [PMID: 24002649 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-013-0239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of extracellular proteases associated with extracellular matrix remodeling. They are involved in many physiological and reparative processes. MMPs can break down all extracellular constituents; therefore, their expression is very tightly regulated and their abnormal activity or over production has been linked to many diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS) which is a leading cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults in North America. Recently many studies, both in animals and humans, have been conducted to better elucidate the underlying causes, mechanisms and pathophysiology of MS. In this review, we discuss the potential role of pathological upregulation of MMPs in MS and future challenges which if properly addressed might help in development of potential cure for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Javaid
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C7, Canada,
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Kuznik BI, Linkova NS, Tarnovskaya SI, Khavinson VK. Cytokinis and regulatory peptides: Age-related changes, atherosclerosis, and thrombotic diseases. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057013040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Palei ACT, Granger JP, Tanus-Santos JE. Matrix metalloproteinases as drug targets in preeclampsia. Curr Drug Targets 2013; 14:325-34. [PMID: 23316964 DOI: 10.2174/1389450111314030004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is an important syndrome complicating pregnancy. While the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is not entirely known, poor placental perfusion leading to widespread maternal endothelial dysfunction is accepted as a major mechanism. It has been suggested that altered placental expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may cause shallow cytotrophoblastic invasion and incomplete remodeling of the spiral arteries. MMPs are also thought to link placental ischemia to the cardiovascular alterations of preeclampsia. In fact, MMPs may promote vasoconstriction and surface receptors cleavage affecting the vasculature. Therefore, the overall goal of this review article is to provide an overview of the pathophisiology of preeclampsia, more specifically regarding the role of MMPs in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and the potential of MMP inhibitors as therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C T Palei
- aDepartment of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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The role of microglia and matrix metalloproteinases involvement in neuroinflammation and gliomas. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:914104. [PMID: 24023566 PMCID: PMC3759277 DOI: 10.1155/2013/914104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases (such as multiple sclerosis) as well as in the expansion of malignant gliomas because they facilitate penetration of anatomical barriers (such as the glia limitans) and migration within the neuropil. This review elucidates pathomechanisms and summarizes the current knowledge of the involvement of MMPs in neuroinflammation and glioma, invasion highlighting microglia as major sources of MMPs. The induction of expression, suppression, and multiple pathways of function of MMPs in these scenarios will also be discussed. Understanding the induction and action of MMPs might provide valuable information and reveal attractive targets for future therapeutic strategies.
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Khoi PN, Park JS, Kim JH, Xia Y, Kim NH, Kim KK, Jung YD. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate blocks nicotine-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and invasiveness via suppression of NF-κB and AP-1 in endothelial cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:868-76. [PMID: 23835612 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke, specifically the nicotine contained within, has been shown to correlate closely with cell invasion and strategies to downregulate their expression may ultimately be of clinical utility. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is critically involved in the cell invasion and metastasis processes. Since nicotine plays a crucial role in the regulation of MMP-9 expression, the investigation of plant-derived compounds capable of modulating nicotine-induced signaling is an issue of concern. In this study, the effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major green tea catechin, on nicotine-induced cell invasion and MMP-9 activity in ECV304 human endothelial cells were examined. EGCG treatment was found to reduce the MMP-9 expression and transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner. EGCG inhibited nicotine-activated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are known as important signaling molecules to activate MMP-9. To further study the mechanisms for the EGCG-mediated regulation of MMP-9, the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 activities were examined. EGCG suppressed the nicotine-induced NF-κB and AP-1 activation. Studies with expression vectors encoding mutated NF-κB signaling molecules and AP-1 decoy confirmed that NF-κB and AP-1 were essential for the nicotine-stimulated MMP-9 expression. EGCG also abrogated the nicotine-induced activation of AP-1 subunits c-fos and c-jun. The above studies demonstrate that EGCG may exert at least part of its anti-invasive effect in ECV304 human endothelial cells by controlling MMP-9 expression through the suppression of ROS, NF-κB and AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Ngoc Khoi
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
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Agrawal SM, Williamson J, Sharma R, Kebir H, Patel K, Prat A, Yong VW. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer shows active perivascular cuffs in multiple sclerosis. Brain 2013; 136:1760-77. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shin J, Tajrishi MM, Ogura Y, Kumar A. Wasting mechanisms in muscular dystrophy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2266-79. [PMID: 23669245 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is a group of more than 30 different clinical genetic disorders that are characterized by progressive skeletal muscle wasting and degeneration. Primary deficiency of specific extracellular matrix, sarcoplasmic, cytoskeletal, or nuclear membrane protein results in several secondary changes such as sarcolemmal instability, calcium influx, fiber necrosis, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, breakdown of extracellular matrix, and eventually fibrosis which leads to loss of ambulance and cardiac and respiratory failure. A number of molecular processes have now been identified which hasten disease progression in human patients and animal models of muscular dystrophy. Accumulating evidence further suggests that aberrant activation of several signaling pathways aggravate pathological cascades in dystrophic muscle. Although replacement of defective gene with wild-type is paramount to cure, management of secondary pathological changes has enormous potential to improving the quality of life and extending lifespan of muscular dystrophy patients. In this article, we have reviewed major cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to muscle wasting in muscular dystrophy. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Molecular basis of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyun Shin
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Natalizumab treatment reduces fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Results from the TYNERGY trial; a study in the real life setting. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58643. [PMID: 23555589 PMCID: PMC3605436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is a significant symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. First-generation disease modifying therapies (DMTs) are at best moderately effective to improve fatigue. Observations from small cohorts have indicated that natalizumab, an antibody targeting VLA-4, may reduce MS-related fatigue. The TYNERGY study aimed to further evaluate the effects of natalizumab treatment on MS-related fatigue. In this one-armed clinical trial including 195 MS patients, natalizumab was prescribed in a real-life setting, and a validated questionnaire, the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive functions (FSMC), was used both before and after 12 months of treatment to evaluate a possible change in the fatigue experienced by the patients. In the treated cohort all measured variables, that is, fatigue score, quality of life, sleepiness, depression, cognition, and disability progression were improved from baseline (all p values<0.0001). Walking speed as measured by the six-minute walk-test also increased at month 12 (p = 0.0016). All patients were aware of the nature of the treatment agent, and of the study outcomes.
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Cox MB, Bowden NA, Scott RJ, Lechner-Scott J. Altered expression of the plasminogen activation pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in multiple sclerosis: possible pathomechanism of matrix metalloproteinase activation. Mult Scler 2013; 19:1268-74. [PMID: 23401127 DOI: 10.1177/1352458513475493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder where a breakdown in the integrity of the blood-brain barrier is thought to allow lymphocytes to enter the central nervous system. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine gene expression profiles between MS patients and healthy controls to identify genes intimately involved in the pathobiology of MS. METHODS Whole-genome gene expression analysis was performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 39 healthy controls and 37 MS patients, 24 MS patients receiving no disease modifying therapy and 13 MS patients receiving interferon-beta (IFN-beta). Pathway analysis was performed to identify pathways dysregulated in MS. RESULTS Gene expression profiling of MS identified a signature of predominately immune associated genes. The plasminogen activation pathway contained an over-representation of significantly differentially expressed genes, including matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9). Treatment with IFN-beta ameliorated the over-expression of MMP9, however the expression of two genes, plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) and serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 2 (SERPINB2), forming part of the plasminogen activation pathway were not affected by IFN-beta therapy. CONCLUSIONS High expression levels of MMP9 have been associated with MS and the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, while IFN-beta therapy decreases MMP9 expression. We confirm altered MMP9 expression in MS, and identify dysregulation within the plasminogen activation cascade, a pathway involved in the activation of MMP9.
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