1
|
Hossen F, Sun GY, Lee JC. Oligomeric Tau-induced oxidative damage and functional alterations in cerebral endothelial cells: Role of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:261-272. [PMID: 38815773 PMCID: PMC11184584 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite of yet unknown mechanism, microvascular deposition of oligomeric Tau (oTau) has been implicated in alteration of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. In this study, we employed an in vitro BBB model using primary mouse cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) to investigate the mechanism underlying the effects of oTau on BBB function. We found that exposing CECs to oTau induced oxidative stress through NADPH oxidase, increased oxidative damage to proteins, decreased proteasome activity, and expressions of tight junction (TJ) proteins including occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and claudin-5. These effects were suppressed by the pretreatment with Fasudil, a RhoA/ROCK signaling inhibitor. Consistent with the biochemical alterations, we found that exposing the basolateral side of CECs to oTau in the BBB model disrupted the integrity of the BBB, as indicated by an increase in FITC-dextran transport across the model, and a decrease in trans endothelial electrical resistance (TEER). oTau also increased the transmigration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the BBB model. These functional alterations in the BBB induced by oTau were also suppressed by Fasudil. Taken together, our findings suggest that targeting the RhoA/ROCK pathway can be a potential therapeutic strategy to maintain BBB function in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Hossen
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Grace Y Sun
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - James C Lee
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Chen Y, Fukui K. α-Tocotrienol Protects Neurons by Preventing Tau Hyperphosphorylation via Inhibiting Microtubule Affinity-Regulating Kinase Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8428. [PMID: 39125998 PMCID: PMC11313320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the pathological process of Alzheimer's disease, neuronal cell death is closely related to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Our previous studies have found that oxidative stress can activate microtubule affinity-regulating kinases, resulting in elevated phosphorylation levels of tau protein specifically at the Ser262 residue in N1E-115 cells that have been subjected to exposure to hydrogen peroxide. This process may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble, naturally occurring antioxidant that plays a crucial role in biological systems. This study aimed to examine the probable processes that contribute to the inhibiting effect on the abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein and the neuroprotective activity of a particular type of vitamin E, α-tocotrienol. The experimental analysis revealed that α-tocotrienol showed significant neuroprotective effects in the N1E-115 cell line. Our data further suggest that one of the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of α-tocotrienol may be through the inhibition of microtubule affinity-regulated kinase activation, which significantly reduces the oxidative stress-induced aberrant elevation of p-Tau (Ser262) levels. These results indicate that α-tocotrienol may represent an intriguing strategy for treating or preventing Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Liu
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan;
| | - Yunxi Chen
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Systems Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan;
| | - Koji Fukui
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Functional Control Systems, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan;
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Systems Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fatima Qadri A, Shaikh S, Chan Hwang Y, Ahmad K, Choi I, Ju Lee E. Effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis crude water extract on the expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 gene during myogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34747. [PMID: 39149015 PMCID: PMC11324967 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a traditional herbal medicine with significant bioactivity. This study investigated the effect of G. uralensis crude water extract (GU-CWE) on nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) expression during myogenesis. GU-CWE treatment increased myoblast differentiation by downregulating NOS2 and upregulating myogenic regulatory factors (MYOD, MYOG, and MYH). Notably, this effect was supported by an observed decrease in NOS2 expression in the gastrocnemius tissues of mice treated with GU-CWE. In addition, GU-CWE treatment and NOS2 knockdown were associated with reductions in reactive oxygen species levels. We further elucidate the role of the NOS2 gene in myoblast differentiation, demonstrating that its role was expression dependent, being beneficial at low expression but detrimental at high expression. High NOS2 gene expression induced oxidative stress, whereas its low expression impaired myotube formation. These findings highlight that the modulation of NOS2 expression by G. uralensis can potentially be use for managing muscle wasting disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afsha Fatima Qadri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Ye Chan Hwang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang XX, Chen WZ, Li C, Xu RS. Current potential pathogenic mechanisms of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:549-563. [PMID: 38381656 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease which damages upper and lower motor neurons (UMN and LMN) innervating the muscles of the trunk, extremities, head, neck and face in cerebrum, brain stem and spinal cord, which results in the progressive weakness, atrophy and fasciculation of muscle innervated by the related UMN and LMN, accompanying with the pathological signs leaded by the cortical spinal lateral tract lesion. The pathogenesis about ALS is not fully understood, and no specific drugs are available to cure and prevent the progression of this disease at present. In this review, we reviewed the structure and associated functions of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), discuss why SOD1 is crucial to the pathogenesis of ALS, and outline the pathogenic mechanisms of SOD1 in ALS that have been identified at recent years, including glutamate-related excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, axonal transport disruption, prion-like propagation, and the non-cytologic toxicity of glial cells. This review will help us to deeply understand the current progression in this field of SOD1 pathogenic mechanisms in ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ren-Shi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marrone G, Urciuoli S, Di Lauro M, Cornali K, Montalto G, Masci C, Vanni G, Tesauro M, Vignolini P, Noce A. Saffron ( Crocus sativus L.) and Its By-Products: Healthy Effects in Internal Medicine. Nutrients 2024; 16:2319. [PMID: 39064764 PMCID: PMC11279474 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Crocus sativus L., commonly known as saffron, is a precious spice coming from Asia, in particular from Iran, the country leader in its production. The spice is derived exclusively from dried stigmas and it is the most expensive one in the world. The areas of application of saffron are multiple, in fact ranging across the food, drinks, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics sectors. As is the case with other phytochemicals, not only the final product but also saffron by-products are considered a valuable source of bioactive natural compounds. In fact, its healthy effects, especially as antioxidants and anti-inflammatories (via reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines), are well-recognized in internal medicine. In particular, its healthy effects are related to counteracting degenerative maculopathy, depression and anxiety, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancer and chronic kidney disease, by promoting glucose metabolism. In this review, we summarize the most important papers in which saffron has turned out to be a valuable ally in the prevention and treatment of these pathologies. Moreover, we would like to promote the use of saffron by-products as part of a bio-circular economy system, aimed at reducing wastes, at maximizing the use of resources and at promoting environmental and economic sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marrone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- PHYTOLAB Laboratory (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications “Giuseppe Parenti” (DiSIA), University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (S.U.); (P.V.)
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Kevin Cornali
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Giulia Montalto
- School of Specialization in Nephrology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudia Masci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Vanni
- Breast Unit Policlinico Tor Vergata, Department of Surgical Science, Tor Vergata University, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Pamela Vignolini
- PHYTOLAB Laboratory (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis), Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications “Giuseppe Parenti” (DiSIA), University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (S.U.); (P.V.)
| | - Annalisa Noce
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Siekiera J, Jankowiak Ł, Siekiera A, Ostaszewska M, Jerzak L, Kasprzak M, Ciepliński M, Kamiński P, Frątczak M, Tryjanowski P. Relationships between pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, blood parameters and oxidative stress of white stork Ciconia ciconia chicks in Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:43996-44004. [PMID: 38922474 PMCID: PMC11252220 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The white stork Ciconia ciconia is a bird species located at the top of the trophic pyramid in grassland and wetland ecosystems. This charismatic species is susceptible to pesticides and their environmental residues. In 2016, we collected blood samples from 114 white stork chicks across Western and Southern Poland. Chicks were sexed by molecular analysis and aged by development pattern. We studied the relationship between the concentration of pesticides (beta-HCH, heptachlor, aldrin, endrin, 4.4'-DDD, 4.4'-DDE and 4.4'-DDT) and of PCB in the chicks' blood with blood morphology and biochemistry parameters in the blood. The mean (± SD) values of concentrations of above detection level pesticides were: for (1) beta-HCH 4.139 ± 19.205; (2) 4.4'-DDE 9.254 ± 91.491 and additionally (3) PCB 16.135 ± 44.777 ppb. We found negative relationships between beta-HCH and oxidative stress enzyme activity in the blood, between beta-HCH and leukocyte concentration and between 4.4'-DDE and catalase activity. We also found a positive relationship between the concentration of pesticides in blood and the age of chicks. Interestingly, we found a higher concentration of PCB in the blood of male stork chicks than in female stork chicks. We provide more evidence that the presence of pesticides in the environment can be a strong stress factor, shaping the health status of birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Siekiera
- Analytical Research and Development Laboratory, Chespa Sp. Z O.O, Pr. Fr. Dusza St. 5, 47-303, Krapkowice, PL, Poland
| | - Łukasz Jankowiak
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71415, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Artur Siekiera
- Analytical Research and Development Laboratory, Chespa Sp. Z O.O, Pr. Fr. Dusza St. 5, 47-303, Krapkowice, PL, Poland
| | - Monika Ostaszewska
- Analytical Research and Development Laboratory, Chespa Sp. Z O.O, Pr. Fr. Dusza St. 5, 47-303, Krapkowice, PL, Poland
| | - Leszek Jerzak
- Department of Nature Protection, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, PL, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kasprzak
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, PL, Poland
| | - Mateusz Ciepliński
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, PL, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamiński
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry and Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, PL, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, PL, Poland
| | - Martyna Frątczak
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Tryjanowski
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Berköz M, Yalın S, Türkmen Ö. Protective roles of some natural and synthetic aromatase inhibitors in testicular insufficiency caused by Bisphenol A exposure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38825800 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2362810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
In our study, the protective role of synthetic aromatase inhibitors anastrozole (ANS), letrozole (LTZ) and exemestane (EXM) and natural aromatase inhibitors resveratrol (RSV) and apigenin (APG) against testicular failure caused by exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) was investigated. The epididymal sperm concentration, sperm motility and sperm morphology were determined. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response parameters were examined and histological examinations were performed in testicular tissues. Our results revealed that BPA exposure decreased serum testosterone and estrogen levels, increased FSH and LH levels (p < 0.05). BPA has been found to increase oxidative stress and inflammatory response and disrupt the histological structure. Also, BPA exposure decreased testicular weight, epididymal sperm concentration and motility, and increased abnormal sperm rate (p < 0.05). These results show that ANS, LTZ and RSV treatments reduce the BPA-induced testicular damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Berköz
- Department of Biochemistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Serap Yalın
- Department of Biochemistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ömer Türkmen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nicolson GL, Ferreira de Mattos G. Membrane Lipid Replacement for reconstituting mitochondrial function and moderating cancer-related fatigue, pain and other symptoms while counteracting the adverse effects of cancer cytotoxic therapy. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024; 41:199-217. [PMID: 38879842 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-024-10290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue, pain, gastrointestinal and other symptoms are among the most familiar complaints in practically every type and stage of cancer, especially metastatic cancers. Such symptoms are also related to cancer oxidative stress and the damage instigated by cancer cytotoxic therapies to cellular membranes, especially mitochondrial membranes. Cancer cytotoxic therapies (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) often cause adverse symptoms and induce patients to terminate their anti-neoplastic regimens. Cancer-related fatigue, pain and other symptoms and the adverse effects of cancer cytotoxic therapies can be safely moderated with oral Membrane Lipid Replacement (MLR) glycerolphospholipids and mitochondrial cofactors, such as coenzyme Q10. MLR provides essential membrane lipids and precursors to maintain mitochondrial and other cellular membrane functions and reduces fatigue, pain, gastrointestinal, inflammation and other symptoms. In addition, patients with a variety of chronic symptoms benefit from MLR supplements, and MLR also has the ability to enhance the bioavailability of nutrients and slowly remove toxic, hydrophobic molecules from cells and tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garth L Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA, 92647, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 9355, S. Laguna Beach, CA, 92652, USA.
| | - Gonzalo Ferreira de Mattos
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Department of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang Q, Ying J, Yu W, Dong Y, Xiong H, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang X, Hua F. P2X7 Receptor: an Emerging Target in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2866-2880. [PMID: 37940779 PMCID: PMC11043177 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of age-related dementia, which is becoming a global health crisis. However, the pathogenesis and etiology of AD are still not fully understood. And there are no valid treatment methods or precise diagnostic tools for AD. There is increasing evidence that P2X7R expression is upregulated in AD and is involved in multiple related pathological processes such as Aβ plaques, neurogenic fiber tangles, oxidative stress, and chronic neuroinflammation. This suggests that P2X7R may be a key player in the development of AD. P2X7R is a member of the ligand-gated purinergic receptor (P2X) family. It has received attention in neuroscience due to its role in a wide range of aging and age-related neurological disorders. In this review, we summarize current information on the roles of P2X7R in AD and suggest potential pharmacological interventions to slow down AD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xifeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17# Yongwai Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1# Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang T, Chu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Ji X, Zhang G, Shi G, Cui R, Kang Y. Testosterone deficiency worsens mitochondrial dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1390915. [PMID: 38752208 PMCID: PMC11094339 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1390915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies show testosterone (T) deficiency worsens cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction, as an early event of AD, is becoming critical hallmark of AD pathogenesis. However, currently, whether T deficiency exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction of men with AD remains unclear. Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of T deficiency on mitochondrial dysfunction of male AD mouse models and its potential mechanisms. Methods Alzheimer's disease animal model with T deficiency was performed by castration to 3-month-old male APP/PS1 mice. Hippocampal mitochondrial function of mice was analyzed by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry. The gene expression levels related to mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics were determined through quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot analysis. SH-SY5Y cells treated with flutamide, T and/or H2O2 were processed for analyzing the potential mechanisms of T on mitochondrial dysfunction. Results Testosterone deficiency significantly aggravated the cognitive deficits and hippocampal pathologic damage of male APP/PS1 mice. These effects were consistent with exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction by gonadectomy to male APP/PS1 mice, reflected by further increase in oxidative damage and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, complex IV activity and ATP levels. More importantly, T deficiency induced the exacerbation of compromised mitochondrial homeostasis in male APP/PS1 mice by exerting detrimental effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics at mRNA and protein level, leading to more defective mitochondria accumulated in the hippocampus. In vitro studies using SH-SY5Y cells validated T's protective effects on the H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial biogenesis impairment, and mitochondrial dynamics imbalance. Administering androgen receptor (AR) antagonist flutamide weakened the beneficial effects of T pretreatment on H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells, demonstrating a critical role of classical AR pathway in maintaining mitochondrial function. Conclusion Testosterone deficiency exacerbates hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction of male APP/PS1 mice by accumulating more defective mitochondria. Thus, appropriate T levels in the early stage of AD might be beneficial in delaying AD pathology by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Zhang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun Chu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinyang Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Geming Shi
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Cui
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunxiao Kang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferreira A, Harter A, Afreen S, Kanai K, Batori S, Redei EE. The WMI Rat of Premature Cognitive Aging Presents Intrinsic Vulnerability to Oxidative Stress in Primary Neurons and Astrocytes Compared to Its Nearly Isogenic WLI Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1692. [PMID: 38338968 PMCID: PMC10855588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary neuronal and astrocyte culture described here is from the stress-hyperreactive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) More Immobile (WMI) rat with premature aging-related memory deficit, and its nearly isogenic control, the Less Immobile (WLI) strain. Primary WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes are significantly more sensitive to oxidative stress (OS) generated by administration of H2O2 compared to WLI cells as measured by the trypan blue cell viability assay. Intrinsic genetic vulnerability is also suggested by the decreased gene expression in WMI neurons of catalase (Cat), and in WMI cortical astrocytes of insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2), synuclein gamma (Sncg) and glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2) compared to WLI. The expressions of several mitochondrial genes are dramatically increased in response to H2O2 treatment in WLI, but not in WMI cortical astrocytes. We propose that the vulnerability of WMI neurons to OS is due to the genetic differences between the WLI and WMI. Furthermore, the upregulation of mitochondrial genes may be a compensatory response to the generation of free radicals by OS in the WLIs, and this mechanism is disturbed in the WMIs. Thus, this pilot study suggests intrinsic vulnerabilities in the WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes, and affirm the efficacy of this bimodal in vitro screening system for finding novel drug targets to prevent oxidative damage in illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ferreira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Aspen Harter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Sana Afreen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Karoly Kanai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Batori
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva E. Redei
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao J, Han Z, Ding L, Wang P, He X, Lin L. The molecular mechanism of aging and the role in neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24751. [PMID: 38312598 PMCID: PMC10835255 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex and inevitable biological process affected by a combination of external environmental and genetic factors. Humans are currently living longer than ever before, accompanied with aging-related alterations such as diminished autophagy, decreased immunological function, mitochondrial malfunction, stem cell failure, accumulation of somatic and mitochondrial DNA mutations, loss of telomere, and altered nutrient metabolism. Aging leads to a decline in body functions and age-related diseases, for example, Alzheimer's disease, which adversely affects human health and longevity. The quality of life of the elderly is greatly diminished by the increase in their life expectancy rather than healthy life expectancy. With the rise in the age of the global population, aging and related diseases have become the focus of attention worldwide. In this review, we discuss several major mechanisms of aging, including DNA damage and repair, free radical oxidation, telomeres and telomerase, mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and their role in neurodegenerative diseases to provide a reference for the prevention of aging and its related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanli Zhao
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhenjie Han
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hubei Research Institute of Geriatrics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xiutang He
- Center for Monitoring and Evaluation of Teaching Quality, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, 448000, China
| | - Li Lin
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rosenfeld MA, Yurina LV, Gavrilina ES, Vasilyeva AD. Post-Translational Oxidative Modifications of Hemostasis Proteins: Structure, Function, and Regulation. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:S14-S33. [PMID: 38621742 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924140025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly generated in a living organism. An imbalance between the amount of generated reactive species in the body and their destruction leads to the development of oxidative stress. Proteins are extremely vulnerable targets for ROS molecules, which can cause oxidative modifications of amino acid residues, thus altering structure and function of intra- and extracellular proteins. The current review considers the effect of oxidation on the structural rearrangements and functional activity of hemostasis proteins: coagulation system proteins such as fibrinogen, prothrombin/thrombin, factor VII/VIIa; anticoagulant proteins - thrombomodulin and protein C; proteins of the fibrinolytic system such as plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Structure and function of the proteins, oxidative modifications, and their detrimental consequences resulting from the induced oxidation or oxidative stress in vivo are described. Possible effects of oxidative modifications of proteins in vitro and in vivo leading to disruption of the coagulation and fibrinolysis processes are summarized and systematized, and the possibility of a compensatory mechanism in maintaining hemostasis under oxidative stress is analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Rosenfeld
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
| | - Lyubov V Yurina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Elizaveta S Gavrilina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Alexandra D Vasilyeva
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Perluigi M, Di Domenico F, Butterfield DA. Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:103-197. [PMID: 37843394 PMCID: PMC11281823 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. The present review highlights the "OS hypothesis of AD," including amyloid beta-peptide-associated mechanisms, the role of lipid and protein oxidation unraveled by redox proteomics, and the antioxidant strategies that have been investigated to modulate the progression of AD. Collected studies from our groups and others have contributed to unraveling the close relationships between perturbation of redox homeostasis in the brain and AD neuropathology by elucidating redox-regulated events potentially involved in both the pathogenesis and progression of AD. However, the complexity of AD pathological mechanisms requires an in-depth understanding of several major intracellular pathways affecting redox homeostasis and relevant for brain functions. This understanding is crucial to developing pharmacological strategies targeting OS-mediated toxicity that may potentially contribute to slow AD progression as well as improve the quality of life of persons with this severe dementing disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zeng L, Zhang X, Xia M, Ye H, Li H, Gao Z. Heme and Cu 2+-induced vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) tyrosine nitration: A possible molecular mechanism for the attenuated anti-inflammatory effect of VIP in inflammatory diseases. Biochimie 2023; 214:176-187. [PMID: 37481062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide that play an important role in immunoregulation and anti-inflammation. Numerous inflammatory/autoimmune disorders are associated with decreased VIP binding ability to receptors and diminished VIP activation of cAMP generation in immune cells. However, the mechanisms linking oxidative/nitrative stress to VIP immune dysfunction remain unknown. It has been reported that the elevated heme or Cu2+ in inflammatory diseases can cause oxidative and nitrative damage to nearby biological targets under high oxidative stress conditions, which affects the structure and activity of linked peptides or proteins. Thus, the VIP down-regulated immune response may be interfered by redox metal catalyzed VIP tyrosine nitration. To explore this, we systematically investigated the possibility of heme or Cu2+ to catalyze VIP tyrosine nitration. The results showed that Tyr10 and Tyr22 of VIP can both be nitrated in heme/H2O2/NO2- system as well as in Cu2+/H2O2/NO2- system. Then, we used synthetic mutant VIPs with tyrosine residues substituted by 3-nitrotyrosine to study the impact of tyrosine nitration on VIP activity in SHSY-5Y cells. Our findings demonstrated that VIP nitration dramatically decreased the content of its α-helix and random coil, suggesting that VIP nitration might reduce its affinity to the receptor. This was further confirmed in the cAMP assay. The results showed that 10 nM of these tyrosine nitrated VIPs could significantly (p < 0.01) decrease cAMP secretion compared to the wild type VIP. Our data reveal that the attenuation of the neuroprotective effect of VIP in inflammation-related diseases might be attributed to metal-catalyzed VIP tyrosine nitration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Mengyang Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Huixian Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, 343009, PR China.
| | - Hailing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Zhonghong Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Echavarria R, Cardona-Muñoz EG, Ortiz-Lazareno P, Andrade-Sierra J, Gómez-Hermosillo LF, Casillas-Moreno J, Campos-Bayardo TI, Román-Rojas D, García-Sánchez A, Miranda-Díaz AG. The Role of the Oxidative State and Innate Immunity Mediated by TLR7 and TLR9 in Lupus Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15234. [PMID: 37894915 PMCID: PMC10607473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is considered one of the leading causes of mortality. Multiple immunological pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, which makes it imperative to deepen our knowledge about this disease's immune-pathological complexity and explore new therapeutic targets. Since an altered redox state contributes to immune system dysregulation, this document briefly addresses the roles of oxidative stress (OS), oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial function, and mitophagy in SLE and LN. Although adaptive immunity's participation in the development of autoimmunity is undeniable, increasing data emphasize the importance of innate immunity elements, particularly the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize nucleic acid ligands, in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the intriguing roles of TLR7 and TLR9 in developing SLE and LN. Also included are the essential characteristics of conventional treatments and some other novel and little-explored alternatives that offer options to improve renal function in LN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Echavarria
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.E.); (P.O.-L.)
- Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Germán Cardona-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Pablo Ortiz-Lazareno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.E.); (P.O.-L.)
| | - Jorge Andrade-Sierra
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Luis Francisco Gómez-Hermosillo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Jorge Casillas-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Tannia Isabel Campos-Bayardo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Daniel Román-Rojas
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Andrés García-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Directo D, Lee SR. Cancer Cachexia: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Interventions. Metabolites 2023; 13:1024. [PMID: 37755304 PMCID: PMC10538050 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia, a multifactorial metabolic syndrome developed during malignant tumor growth, is characterized by an accelerated loss of body weight accompanied by the depletion of skeletal muscle mass. This debilitating condition is associated with muscle degradation, impaired immune function, reduced functional capacity, compromised quality of life, and diminished survival in cancer patients. Despite the lack of the known capability of fully reversing or ameliorating this condition, ongoing research is shedding light on promising preclinical approaches that target the disrupted mechanisms in the pathophysiology of cancer cachexia. This comprehensive review delves into critical aspects of cancer cachexia, including its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, preclinical models for studying the progression of cancer cachexia, methods for clinical assessment, relevant biomarkers, and potential therapeutic strategies. These discussions collectively aim to contribute to the evolving foundation for effective, multifaceted counteractive strategies against this challenging condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang-Rok Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gęgotek A, Zarkovic N, Orehovec B, Jaganjac M, Sunjic SB, Skrzydlewska E. Short Survey on the Protein Modifications in Plasma during SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14109. [PMID: 37762413 PMCID: PMC10531908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has ended, it is important to understand the pathology of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with respiratory failure and high mortality. The plasma proteome, including protein modification by lipid peroxidation products in COVID-19 survivors (COVID-19; n = 10) and deceased individuals (CovDeath; n = 10) was compared in samples collected upon admission to the hospital, when there was no difference in their status, with that of healthy individuals (Ctr; n = 10). The obtained results show that COVID-19 development strongly alters the expression of proteins involved in the regulation of exocytosis and platelet degranulation (top 20 altered proteins indicated by analysis of variance; p-value (False Discovery Rate) cutoff at 5%). These changes were most pronounced in the CovDeath group. In addition, the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) adducts increased 2- and 3-fold, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) adducts increased 7- and 2.5-fold, respectively, in COVID-19 and CovDeath groups. Kinases and proinflammatory proteins were particularly affected by these modifications. Protein adducts with 15-deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) were increased 2.5-fold in COVID-19 patients, including modifications of proteins such as p53 and STAT3, whereas CovDeath showed a decrease of approximately 60% compared with Ctr. This study for the first time demonstrates the formation of lipid metabolism products-protein adducts in plasma from survived and deceased COVID-19 patients, significantly distinguishing them, which may be a predictor of the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-069 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Ruder Boskovic Institute, Div. Molecular Medicine Laboratory for Oxidative Stress Bijenicka 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.Z.); (M.J.); (S.B.S.)
| | | | - Morana Jaganjac
- Ruder Boskovic Institute, Div. Molecular Medicine Laboratory for Oxidative Stress Bijenicka 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.Z.); (M.J.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Suzana Borovic Sunjic
- Ruder Boskovic Institute, Div. Molecular Medicine Laboratory for Oxidative Stress Bijenicka 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.Z.); (M.J.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-069 Bialystok, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang T, Jia J, Chen C, Zhang Y, Yu B. BiGRUD-SA: Protein S-sulfenylation sites prediction based on BiGRU and self-attention. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107145. [PMID: 37336062 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
S-sulfenylation is a vital post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins, which is an intermediate in other redox reactions and has implications for signal transduction and protein function regulation. However, there are many restrictions on the experimental identification of S-sulfenylation sites. Therefore, predicting S-sulfoylation sites by computational methods is fundamental to studying protein function and related biological mechanisms. In this paper, we propose a method named BiGRUD-SA based on bi-directional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) and self-attention mechanism to predict protein S-sulfenylation sites. We first use AAC, BLOSUM62, AAindex, EAAC and GAAC to extract features, and do feature fusion to obtain original feature space. Next, we use SMOTE-Tomek method to handle data imbalance. Then, we input the processed data to the BiGRU and use self-attention mechanism to do further feature extraction. Finally, we input the data obtained to the deep neural networks (DNN) to identify S-sulfenylation sites. The accuracies of training set and independent test set are 96.66% and 95.91% respectively, which indicates that our method is conducive to identifying S-sulfenylation sites. Furthermore, we use a data set of S-sulfenylation sites in Arabidopsis thaliana to effectively verify the generalization ability of BiGRUD-SA method, and obtain better prediction results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; College of Information Science and Technology, School of Data Science, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Jihua Jia
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yaqun Zhang
- College of Mathematics and Big Data, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Information Science and Technology, School of Data Science, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China; School of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Y, Kiryu H. Identification of oxidative stress-related genes differentially expressed in Alzheimer's disease and construction of a hub gene-based diagnostic model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6817. [PMID: 37100862 PMCID: PMC10133299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent dementia disorder globally, and there are still no effective interventions for slowing or stopping the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. There is strong evidence implicating neural oxidative stress (OS) and ensuing neuroinflammation in the progressive neurodegeneration observed in the AD brain both during and prior to symptom emergence. Thus, OS-related biomarkers may be valuable for prognosis and provide clues to therapeutic targets during the early presymptomatic phase. In the current study, we gathered brain RNA-seq data of AD patients and matched controls from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify differentially expressed OS-related genes (OSRGs). These OSRGs were analyzed for cellular functions using the Gene Ontology (GO) database and used to construct a weighted gene co-expression network (WGCN) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then constructed to identify network hub genes. A diagnostic model was established based on these hub genes using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and ROC analyses. Immune-related functions were examined by assessing correlations between hub gene expression and immune cell brain infiltration scores. Further, target drugs were predicted using the Drug-Gene Interaction database, while regulatory miRNAs and transcription factors were predicted using miRNet. In total, 156 candidate genes were identified among 11046 differentially expressed genes, 7098 genes in WGCN modules, and 446 OSRGs, and 5 hub genes (MAPK9, FOXO1, BCL2, ETS1, and SP1) were identified by ROC curve analyses. These hub genes were enriched in GO annotations "Alzheimer's disease pathway," "Parkinson's Disease," "Ribosome," and "Chronic myeloid leukemia." In addition, 78 drugs were predicted to target FOXO1, SP1, MAPK9, and BCL2, including fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and epirubicin. A hub gene-miRNA regulatory network with 43 miRNAs and hub gene-transcription factor (TF) network with 36 TFs were also generated. These hub genes may serve as biomarkers for AD diagnosis and provide clues to novel potential treatment targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Hisanori Kiryu
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xie D, Deng T, Zhai Z, Qin T, Song C, Xu Y, Sun T. Moschus exerted protective activity against H 2O 2-induced cell injury in PC12 cells through regulating Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114290. [PMID: 36708701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The pivotal characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are irreversible memory loss and progressive cognitive decline, eventually causing death from brain failure. In the various proposed hypotheses of AD, oxidative stress is also regarded as a symbolic pathophysiologic cascade contributing to brain diseases. Using Chinese herbal medicine may be beneficial for treating and preventing AD. As a rare and valuable animal medicine, Moschus possesses antioxidant and antiapoptotic efficacy and is extensively applied for treating unconsciousness, stroke, coma, and cerebrovascular diseases. We aim to evaluate whether Moschus protects PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cellular injury. The chemical constituents of Moschus are analyzed by GC-MS assay. The cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels, oxidative stress-related indicators, and apoptotic proteins are determined. Through GC-MS analysis, nineteen active contents were identified. The cell viability loss, lactate dehydrogenase releases, MMP levels, ROS productions, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) activities decreased, and BAX, Caspase-3, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 expression also significantly down-regulated and heme oxygenase 1, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and quinine oxidoreductase 1 expression upregulated after pretreatment of Moschus. The result indicated Moschus has neuroprotective activity in relieving H2O2-induced cellular damage, and the potential mechanism might be associated with regulating the Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathway. A more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of Moschus in the pathogenesis of AD will provide a fundamental basis for in vivo AD animal model research, which may be able to provide further insights and new targets for AD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Ting Deng
- Jintang Second People' s Hospital, Chengdu 610404, China.
| | - Zhenwei Zhai
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Tao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Caiyou Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Medical Information Engineering, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ahmad F, Sachdeva P, Sarkar J, Izhaar R. Circadian dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease - An updated review. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:71-81. [PMID: 36911088 PMCID: PMC10000289 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered to be the most typical form of dementia that provokes irreversible cognitive impairment. Along with cognitive impairment, circadian rhythm dysfunction is a fundamental factor in aggravating AD. A link among circadian rhythms, sleep, and AD has been well-documented. The etiopathogenesis of circadian system disruptions and AD serves some general characteristics that also open up the possibility of viewing them as a mutually reliant path. In this review, we have focused on different factors that are related to circadian rhythm dysfunction. The various pathogenic factors, such as amyloid-beta, neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and circadian rhythm dysfunction may all contribute to AD. In this review, we also tried to focus on melatonin which is produced from the pineal gland and can be used to treat circadian dysfunction in AD. Aside from amyloid beta, tau pathology may have a notable influence on sleep. Conclusively, the center of this review is primarily based on the principal mechanistic complexities associated with circadian rhythm disruption, sleep deprivation, and AD, and it also emphasizes the potential therapeutic strategies to treat and prevent the progression of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Elementology and ToxicologyJamia Hamdard UniversityDelhiIndia
| | - Punya Sachdeva
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and NeurosciencesAmity UniversityNoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Jasmine Sarkar
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and NeurosciencesAmity UniversityNoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Canet G, Zussy C, Hernandez C, Maurice T, Desrumaux C, Givalois L. The pathomimetic oAβ25–35 model of Alzheimer's disease: Potential for screening of new therapeutic agents. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108398. [PMID: 37001735 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, currently affecting more than 40 million people worldwide. The two main histopathological hallmarks of AD were identified in the 1980s: senile plaques (composed of aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides) and neurofibrillary tangles (composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein). In the human brain, both Aβ and tau show aggregation into soluble and insoluble oligomers. Soluble oligomers of Aβ include their most predominant forms - Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 - as well as shorter peptides such as Aβ25-35 or Aβ25-35/40. Most animal models of AD have been developed using transgenesis, based on identified human mutations. However, these familial forms of AD represent less than 1% of AD cases. In this context, the idea emerged in the 1990s to directly inject the Aβ25-35 fragment into the rodent brain to develop an acute model of AD that could mimic the disease's sporadic forms (99% of all cases). This review aims to: (1) summarize the biological activity of Aβ25-35, focusing on its impact on the main structural and functional alterations observed in AD (cognitive deficits, APP misprocessing, tau system dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, cholinergic and glutamatergic alterations, HPA axis dysregulation, synaptic deficits and cell death); and (2) confirm the interest of this pathomimetic model in AD research, as it has helped identify and characterize many molecules (marketed, in clinical development, and in preclinical testing), and to the development of alternative approaches for AD prevention and therapy. Today, the Aβ25-35 model appears as a first-intent choice model to rapidly screen the symptomatic or neuroprotective potencies of new compounds, chemical series, or innovative therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
24
|
Butein Inhibits the Glycation of α-Crystallin: An Approach in Prevention of Retinopathy. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03147-w. [PMID: 36648626 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of lens proteins induced by glycation is one of the key drivers of diabetic retinopathy and development of diabetic cataracts. Moreover, glycation also causes numerous alterations not only to the tertiary structure of lens proteins but also to serum proteins. There are also evidences of covalent crosslinking among lens crystallins resulting in development of cataract. In this article, the inhibitory potential of butein was tested against the glucose induced glycation and the aggregation α-crystallin (α-cry). The results showed that there was inhibition of advanced glycation products (78.28%) and early glycation products (86.30%) following the treatment of butein. Additionally, the presence of butein caused a significant improvement in the tested biochemical markers of glycation. The treatment with butein reduced the free lysine modification to 23.67%. The secondary and tertiary structural distortions of α-cry were also protected. The mechanism of inhibition further investigated at the molecular level using biophysical and computational techniques. The interaction data showed the butein exhibited strong affinity towards the α-cry. The binding event was entropically driven and energetically favourable. The Gibb's free energy of the interaction was found to be -5.99 to -7.17 kcal mol-1. The binding site of butein in α-cry was deciphered by molecular docking and the dynamics was studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulation data showed that butein formed stable complex with α-cry under physiological conditions. Most of the tested parameters from molecular simulations, such as secondary structure, was found to be stable. The data clearly show the potential of butein in inhibiting the glycation induced aggregation of α-cry and hence can be developed as useful inhibitor in the management of diabetic cataract and retinopathy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Bakr AA, Ali M, Ibrahim K. Garlic and allopurinol alleviate the apoptotic pathway in rats' brain following exposure to fipronil insecticide. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2022; 37:e2022037-0. [PMID: 36916050 PMCID: PMC10014746 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2022037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fipronil can cause oxidative tissue damage and apoptosis. Our goal is to evaluate the antiapoptotic impact of garlic or allopurinol against fipronil neurotoxicity. Thirty-six mature male albino rats were separated into control, garlic aqueous extract (500 mg/kg), allopurinol (150 mg/L in their drinking water), fipronil (13.277 mg/kg), garlic+fipronil, and allopurinol+fipronil. Our results revealed that fipronil induced a significant increase in brain malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl levels as well as enzymatic antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and xanthine oxidase), but glutathione-S-transferase recorded a significant decrease as compared to the control. In addition, fipronil significantly up-regulated the brain pro-apoptotic (Bax) and caspase -3 mRNA gene expression and induced DNA fragmentation but caused down-regulation in anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) mRNA genes expression. Interestingly, co-administration with garlic or allopurinol improved the lipid peroxidation, antioxidant disturbance, and apoptosis induced by fipronil in the brain tissues. In conclusion, garlic or allopurinol reduced fipronil-induced apoptosis and reduced oxidative tissue damage, most likely through enhancing the tissue antioxidant defense system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira Abo Bakr
- Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Khairy Ibrahim
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122345. [PMID: 36552553 PMCID: PMC9774434 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the cell. ROS have important roles in a wide range of physiological processes; however, high ROS levels are associated with oxidative stress and disease progression. Oxidative stress has been implicated in nearly all major human diseases, from neurogenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Antioxidant defence systems have evolved as a means of protection against oxidative stress, with the transcription factor Nrf2 as the key regulator. Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress and has been extensively studied in the disease contexts. This review aims to provide the reader with a general overview of oxidative stress and Nrf2, including basic mechanisms of Nrf2 activation and regulation, and implications in various major human diseases.
Collapse
|
27
|
Geng SL, Li HY, Zhang XS, Wang T, Zhou SP, Xu WH. CBR1 decreases protein carbonyl levels via the ROS/Akt/CREB pathway to extend lifespan in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. FEBS J 2022; 290:2127-2145. [PMID: 36421037 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered a major cause of ageing and ageing-related diseases through protein carbonylation. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that confer protection against ROS. Here, we observed that, compared with nondiapause-destined pupae, high protein carbonyl levels are present in the brains of diapause-destined pupae, which is a 'non-ageing' phase in the moth Helicoverpa armigera. Protein carbonyl levels respond to ROS and decrease metabolic activity to induce diapause in order to extend lifespan. However, protein carbonylation in the brains of diapause-destined pupae still occurs at a physiological level compared to young adult brains. We find that ROS activate Akt, and Akt then phosphorylates the transcription factor CREB to facilitate its nuclear import. CREB binds to the promoter of carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) and regulates its expression. High CBR1 levels reduce protein carbonyl levels to maintain physiological levels. This is the first report showing that the moth brain can naturally control protein carbonyl levels through a distinct ROS-Akt-CREB-CBR1 pathway to extend lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Lei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Pei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lu LP, Chang WH, Huang JJ, Tan P, Tsai GE. Lithium Benzoate Exerts Neuroprotective Effect by Improving Mitochondrial Function, Attenuating Reactive Oxygen Species, and Protecting Cognition and Memory in an Animal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:557-575. [PMID: 36275418 PMCID: PMC9535606 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease affecting many cellular pathways, including protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress (OS), and neuroinflammation. Currently, no effective treatment for AD exists. Objective: We aim to determine the effect of lithium benzoate (LiBen) in protecting neurons from amyloid-β (Aβ) or other neurotoxin insults. Methods: Primary rat cortical neurons co-treated with neurotoxins and LiBen were used to examine its effect in cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, and mitochondrial functions by MTT, CellRox fluorescence staining, and seahorse assay. Then, Barnes maze and prepulse inhibition test were performed in APP/PS1 mice that received chronic LiBen treatment to assess its effect on cognitive protection. Oral bioavailability of LiBen was also assessed by pharmacokinetic study in rat plasma. Results: In this study, we discovered that LiBen can attenuate cellular ROS level, improve mitochondrial function, increase cell viability against multiple different insults of mitochondrial dysfunction, Aβ accumulation, and neuroinflammation, and promote neurogenesis. We demonstrated that LiBen has advantages over lithium or sodium benzoate alone as LiBen displays superior neuroprotective efficacy and oral bioavailability than the other two agents when being applied either alone or in combination. Furthermore, chronic administration of LiBen showed protection for cognition as well as spatial memory and reduced the senile plaque deposition in brains of AD animal models. Conclusion: LiBen stands as a promising therapeutic agent for improving cognition and delaying the progression of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ping Lu
- Department of Research and Development, SyneuRx International (Taiwan) Corp., New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hua Chang
- Department of Research and Development, SyneuRx International (Taiwan) Corp., New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jia Huang
- Department of Research and Development, SyneuRx International (Taiwan) Corp., New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peng Tan
- Department of Research and Development, SyneuRx International (Taiwan) Corp., New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guochuan Emil Tsai
- Department of Research and Development, SyneuRx International (Taiwan) Corp., New Taipei, Taiwan
- UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Strope TA, Birky CJ, Wilkins HM. The Role of Bioenergetics in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9212. [PMID: 36012480 PMCID: PMC9409169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioenergetic and mitochondrial dysfunction are common hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Decades of research describe how genetic and environmental factors initiate changes in mitochondria and bioenergetics across Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mitochondria control many cellular processes, including proteostasis, inflammation, and cell survival/death. These cellular processes and pathologies are common across neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence suggests that mitochondria and bioenergetic disruption may drive pathological changes, placing mitochondria as an upstream causative factor in neurodegenerative disease onset and progression. Here, we discuss evidence of mitochondrial and bioenergetic dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and address how mitochondria can drive common pathological features of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A. Strope
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Cole J. Birky
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA
| | - Heather M. Wilkins
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Anupama KP, Antony A, Shilpa O, Raghu SV, Gurushankara HP. Jatamansinol from Nardostachys jatamansi Ameliorates Tau-Induced Neurotoxicity in Drosophila Alzheimer's Disease Model. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6091-6106. [PMID: 35864434 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nardostachys jatamansi has long been used to prepare Medhya Rasayana in traditional Indian Ayurveda medicine to treat neurological disorders and enhance memory. Jatamansinol from the N. jatamansi against Alzheimer's disease (AD) showed that it could be a multitargeted drug against AD. Drosophila is an ideal model organism for studying a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disease such as AD since its neuronal organizations and functioning are highly similar to that of humans. The current study investigates the neuroprotective properties of jatamansinol against Tau-induced neurotoxicity in the AD Drosophila model. Results indicate jatamansinol is not an antifeedant for larva and adult Drosophila. Lifespan, locomotor activity, learning and memory, Tau protein expression level, eye degeneration, oxidative stress level, and cholinesterase activities were analyzed in 10, 20, and 30-day-old control (wild type), and tauopathy flies reared on jatamansinol supplemented food or regular food without jatamansinol supplementation. Jatamansinol treatment significantly extends the lifespan, improves locomotor activity, enhances learning and memory, and reduces Tau protein levels in tauopathy flies. It boosts the antioxidant enzyme activities, prevents Tau-induced oxidative stress, ameliorates eye degeneration, and inhibits cholinesterase activities in Tau-induced AD model. This study provides the first evidence that jatamansinol protects against Tau's neurotoxic effect in the AD Drosophila model, and it can be a potential therapeutic drug candidate for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kizhakke Purayil Anupama
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Thejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, Kerala, India
| | - Anet Antony
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Thejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, Kerala, India
| | - Olakkaran Shilpa
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Thejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, Kerala, India
| | - Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574 199, Karnataka, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Thomas C, Wurzer L, Malle E, Ristow M, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT. Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis as a Pleiotropic Effect of Commonly Used Drugs. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:905261. [PMID: 35821802 PMCID: PMC9261327 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.905261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated diseases represent a growing burden for global health systems in our aging society. Consequently, we urgently need innovative strategies to counteract these pathological disturbances. Overwhelming generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with age-related damage, leading to cellular dysfunction and, ultimately, diseases. However, low-dose ROS act as crucial signaling molecules and inducers of a vaccination-like response to boost antioxidant defense mechanisms, known as mitohormesis. Consequently, modulation of ROS homeostasis by nutrition, exercise, or pharmacological interventions is critical in aging. Numerous nutrients and approved drugs exhibit pleiotropic effects on ROS homeostasis. In the current review, we provide an overview of drugs affecting ROS generation and ROS detoxification and evaluate the potential of these effects to counteract the development and progression of age-related diseases. In case of inflammation-related dysfunctions, cardiovascular- and neurodegenerative diseases, it might be essential to strengthen antioxidant defense mechanisms in advance by low ROS level rises to boost the individual ROS defense mechanisms. In contrast, induction of overwhelming ROS production might be helpful to fight pathogens and kill cancer cells. While we outline the potential of ROS manipulation to counteract age-related dysfunction and diseases, we also raise the question about the proper intervention time and dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Thomas
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism Institute of Translational Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Lia Wurzer
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Malle
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Ristow
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism Institute of Translational Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Beigi T, Safi A, Satvati M, Kalantari-Hesari A, Ahmadi R, Meshkibaf MH. Protective role of ellagic acid and taurine against fluoxetine induced hepatotoxic effects on biochemical and oxidative stress parameters, histopathological changes, and gene expressions of IL-1β, NF-κB, and TNF-α in male Wistar rats. Life Sci 2022; 304:120679. [PMID: 35662648 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES Hepatic bioactivation of fluoxetine (FXN) could increase free radicals' generation provoking hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the protective effects of ellagic acid (EA) and taurine (TAU) treatments against fluoxetine-induced liver damage in rats were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups (n = 8). Group (1) Control, group (2) FXN, group (3) FXN + EA, group (4) FXN + TAU, group (5) FXN + EA + TAU, group (6) EA, group (7) TAU, and group (8) EA + TAU. Then, the serum and tissue parameters of the oxidative stress were examined. KEY FINDINGS FXN significantly raised serum MDA, protein carbonyl, lipid profile, ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, serum IL-1β; and gene expressions of IL-1β, NF-κB, and TNF-α. Moreover, it significantly decreased HDL-C, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), catalase activity, vitamin C, and SOD activity in the liver compared to group 1. When compared to group 2, EA and TAU treatment dramatically increased antioxidant capacity and lowered hepatotoxic biochemical markers and cellular inflammation. Results also showed a protective effect of treatment against oxidative damage caused by hepatocytes' cytoarchitecture. SIGNIFICANCE Our study concluded the beneficial effects of EA and TAU on FXN-induced hepatotoxicity. These effects were derived from free radical scavenging properties and the anti-inflammatory effects related to IL-1β, NF-κB, and TNF-α gene expression inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Beigi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Amir Safi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahdi Satvati
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Kalantari-Hesari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Córdova A, Caballero-García A, Noriega-González D, Bello HJ, Pons A, Roche E. Nitric-Oxide-Inducing Factors on Vitamin D Changes in Older People Susceptible to Suffer from Sarcopenia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105938. [PMID: 35627475 PMCID: PMC9141722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium and magnesium, together with vitamin D and the hormones testosterone and cortisol, are key elements in muscle function, to maintain physical fitness. This study aims to analyze if supplementation with NO precursors (L-arginine, L-citrulline and beetroot extract) modulates the circulating levels of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and steroid hormones in elders. Sixty-one volunteers (65.1 years old, 164.6 cm of height and 71.2 kg of weight) susceptible to develop sarcopenia participated in a physical activity program for 6 weeks. Participants were divided into four groups: one placebo and three taking one of the indicated supplements. Physical capacity was assessed through the following tests: (a) distance covered in 6 min by walking (endurance indicator); (b) hand grip (upper-body strength indicator); (c) time to cover 4 m by walking (speed indicator); and (d) time to perform five full squats (lower-body strength indicator). We concluded that there is a disparity in the association of steroid hormones, vitamin D levels and physical fitness. However, a significant inverse correlation between speed and endurance indicators was observed. Higher circulating vitamin D levels were observed in the L-arginine- and beetroot-supplemented groups. In conclusion, vasodilators increase vitamin D circulating levels that, in the long term, could maintain mineral homeostasis, improving muscular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Córdova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, 42004 Soria, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (E.R.)
| | - Alberto Caballero-García
- Department of Anatomy and Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Los Pajaritos, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - David Noriega-González
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Hugo J. Bello
- Department of Mathematics, Escuela de Ingeniería de la Industria Forestal, Agronómica y de la Bioenergía, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Los Pajaritos, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (E.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Antony A, Olakkaran S, Purayil AK, Shekh S, Gowd KH, Gurushankara HP. Antitumor activity of Tigerinin-1: Necroptosis mediates toxicity in A549 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
35
|
Ameliorative effect of pioglitazone on glucose induced glycation of α-crystallin: Management of complications associated with diabetic retinopathy. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:107-116. [PMID: 35378163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The glycation and aggregation of lens proteins significantly contribute to the onset of diabetic cataracts as well as the retinopathy. The glycation exerts numerous alterations in the tertiary structural of proteins. Moreover, the covalent crosslinking of lens crystallins also contribute to the cataract formation. In this article, the effect of pioglitazone on glucose induced glycation and aggregation α-crystallin was examined. A remarkable inhibition of early glycation products (~80%) and advanced glycation products (~75%) was recorded by the treatment of pioglitazone. There was >75% recovery in biochemical marker (carbonyl content). The presence of 150 μM of pioglitazone reduced the free lysine modifications to 35%. Treatment of pioglitazone also protected the secondary structural alterations induced by glycation and inhibited the formation of protein aggregates. The interaction studies showed that pioglitazone interacted with α-crystallin via moderate binding affinity. The interaction between pioglitazone interacted and α-crystallin was energetically and entropically favourable. The complex of pioglitazone with studied protein stable in which RMSF, Rg, SASA, RMSD, and the secondary structural components was not affected. The findings show antiglycation activity of pioglitazone along with its mechanism of action highlighting the ability of drug to be possibly developed novel as glycation inhibitor.
Collapse
|
36
|
Molecular mechanism of ethanol fermentation inhibition via protein tyrosine nitration of pyruvate decarboxylase by reactive nitrogen species in yeast. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4664. [PMID: 35304512 PMCID: PMC8933545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08568-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine nitration (PTN), in which tyrosine (Tyr) residues on proteins are converted into 3-nitrotyrosine (NT), is one of the post-translational modifications mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Many recent studies have reported that PTN contributed to signaling systems by altering the structures and/or functions of proteins. This study aimed to investigate connections between PTN and the inhibitory effect of nitrite-derived RNS on fermentation ability using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results indicated that RNS inhibited the ethanol production of yeast cells with increased intracellular pyruvate content. We also found that RNS decreased the activities of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) as a critical enzyme involved in ethanol production. Our proteomic analysis revealed that the main PDC isozyme Pdc1 underwent the PTN modification at Tyr38, Tyr157, and Tyr344. The biochemical analysis using the recombinant purified Pdc1 enzyme indicated that PTN at Tyr157 or Tyr344 significantly reduced the Pdc1 activity. Interestingly, the substitution of Tyr157 or Tyr344 to phenylalanine, which is no longer converted into NT, recovered the ethanol production under the RNS treatment conditions. These findings suggest that nitrite impairs the fermentation ability of yeast by inhibiting the Pdc1 activity via its PTN modification at Tyr157 and Tyr344 of Pdc1.
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as regulators of key processes supporting neuronal growth, function, and plasticity across lifespan. At normal physiological levels, ROS perform important roles as secondary messengers in diverse molecular processes such as regulating neuronal differentiation, polarization, synapse maturation, and neurotransmission. In contrast, high levels of ROS are toxic and can ultimately lead to cell death. Excitable cells, such as neurons, often require high levels of metabolic activity to perform their functions. As a consequence, these cells are more likely to produce high levels of ROS, potentially enhancing their susceptibility to oxidative damage. In addition, because neurons are generally post-mitotic, they may be subject to accumulating oxidative damage. Thus, maintaining tight control over ROS concentration in the nervous system is essential for proper neuronal development and function. We are developing a more complete understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms for control of ROS in these processes. This review focuses on ROS regulation of the developmental and functional properties of neurons, highlighting recent in vivo studies. We also discuss the current evidence linking oxidative damage to pathological conditions associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
|
38
|
Pisareva EI, Tomova AA, Petrova VY. Saccharomyces cerevisiae quiescent cells: cadmium resistance and adaptive response. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1980106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emiliya Ivanova Pisareva
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,”Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Atanasova Tomova
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,”Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ventsislava Yankova Petrova
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,”Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hyun SH, Bhilare KD, In G, Park CK, Kim JH. Effects of Panax ginseng and ginsenosides on oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases: pharmacological and therapeutic roles. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:33-38. [PMID: 35058725 PMCID: PMC8753520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Asian ginseng or Korean ginseng, Panax ginseng has long been used in Korea and China to treat various diseases. The main active components of Panax ginseng is ginsenoside, which is known to have various pharmacological treatment effects such as antioxidant, vascular easing, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, and anticancer. Most reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause chronic diseases such as myocardial symptoms and cause fatal oxidative damage to cell membrane lipids and proteins. Therefore, many studies that inhibit the production of oxidative stress have been conducted in various fields of physiology, pathophysiology, medicine and health, and disease. Recently, ginseng or ginsenosides have been known to act as antioxidants in vitro and in vivo results, which have a beneficial effect on preventing cardiovascular disease. The current review aims to provide mechanisms and inform precious information on the effects of ginseng and ginsenosides on the prevention of oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in animals and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Hyun
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiran D. Bhilare
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyo In
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Kyu Park
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34128, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Olayinka JN, Eduviere A, Adeoluwa O, Akinluyi E, Obisesan A, Akawa O, Adebanjo A. Quercetin mitigates scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction: impact on oxidative stress and cholinergic mechanisms. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:265-277. [PMID: 34751893 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the promising neuroprotective activities of quercetin (QT), its' effect on cholinergic neurotransmission needs further elucidation. In this study, we explored the impact of QT on oxidative stress and cholinergic neurotransmission with emphasis on the possible involvement of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) as a potential mechanism of QT on memory function at the hippocampal sub-regions and prefrontal cortex of mice brains. Mice were administered orally with QT (12.5 and 25 mg/kg) alone or in combination with SC (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) once daily for seven consecutive days. Thirty minutes after the last treatment, memory function was assessed using the Y-maze test. Levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were determined using a microplate reader. ChAT activity was determined by immunohistochemistry. QT pretreatment enhanced memory performance and reversed scopolamine (SC)-induced memory impairment in the Y-maze test. QT also reduced malondialdehyde and nitrite levels in mice brains. Glutathione levels were increased in mice brains as a result of QT administration. Levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were significantly increased in the mice brains, but AChE activity was reduced by QT. The activity of ChAT was significantly enhanced by QT in the hippocampal sub-regions and the prefrontal cortex of the mice brains. This study has shown that QT mitigated SC-induced memory dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress and AChE activity. Also, QT enhanced ChAT activity, particularly in the hippocampal sub-regions and the prefrontal cortex. These mechanisms, may be possible means through which QT improves memory performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliet N Olayinka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Anthony Eduviere
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun Adeoluwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Akinluyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Abiola Obisesan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwole Akawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe- Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Adeshina Adebanjo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mazumdar R, Mondal B, Saha S, Samanta B, Mondal B. Reaction of a {Co(NO)} 8 complex with superoxide: Formation of a six coordinated [Co II(NO)(O 2-)] species followed by peroxynitrite intermediate. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 228:111698. [PMID: 34999424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A nitrosyl complex of cobalt(II) porphyrinate, [Co(F20TPP2-)(NO)], (F20TPPH2 = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin) having {Co(NO)}8 configuration was synthesized and characterized by means of spectroscopic and structural analyses. Single crystal X-ray structure of the complex revealed the square pyramidal geometry around the cobalt center with a bent nitrosyl group. It reacts with superoxide (O2-) ion in CH2Cl2 at -40 °C to result in the corresponding nitrite (NO2-) complex. Involvement of a cobalt(II)-peroxynitrite intermediate is proposed in the course of the reaction. Moreover, spectroscopic studies suggested the formation of a transient six-coordinated [CoII(NO)(O2-)] species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Mazumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Baishakhi Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Shankhadeep Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Bapan Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Biplab Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Smolič T, Zorec R, Vardjan N. Pathophysiology of Lipid Droplets in Neuroglia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:22. [PMID: 35052526 PMCID: PMC8773017 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing evidence regarding the functional importance of lipid droplets (LDs), cytoplasmic storage organelles in the central nervous system (CNS), has emerged. Although not abundantly present in the CNS under normal conditions in adulthood, LDs accumulate in the CNS during development and aging, as well as in some neurologic disorders. LDs are actively involved in cellular lipid turnover and stress response. By regulating the storage of excess fatty acids, cholesterol, and ceramides in addition to their subsequent release in response to cell needs and/or environmental stressors, LDs are involved in energy production, in the synthesis of membranes and signaling molecules, and in the protection of cells against lipotoxicity and free radicals. Accumulation of LDs in the CNS appears predominantly in neuroglia (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells), which provide trophic, metabolic, and immune support to neuronal networks. Here we review the most recent findings on the characteristics and functions of LDs in neuroglia, focusing on astrocytes, the key homeostasis-providing cells in the CNS. We discuss the molecular mechanisms affecting LD turnover in neuroglia under stress and how this may protect neural cell function. We also highlight the role (and potential contribution) of neuroglial LDs in aging and in neurologic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Smolič
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rehman S, Song J, Faisal M, Alatar AA, Akhter F, Ahmad S, Hu B. The Neoepitopes on Methylglyoxal- (MG-) Glycated Fibrinogen Generate Autoimmune Response: Its Role in Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, and Diabetic Atherosclerosis Subjects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6621568. [PMID: 34970417 PMCID: PMC8714332 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6621568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia-mediated nonenzymatic glycosylation of fibrinogen protein plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular complications especially atherosclerosis via the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Methylglyoxal (MG) induces glycation of fibrinogen, resulting in structural alterations that lead to autoimmune response via the generation of neoepitopes on protein molecules. The present study was designed to probe the prevalence of autoantibodies against MG-glycated fibrinogen (MG-Fib) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerosis (ATH), and diabetic atherosclerosis (T2DM-ATH) patients. Design and Methods. The binding affinity of autoantibodies in patients' sera (T2DM, n = 100; ATH, n = 100; and T2DM-ATH, n = 100) and isolated immunoglobulin G (IgG) against native fibrinogen (N-Fib) and MG-Fib to healthy subjects (HS, n = 50) was accessed by direct binding ELISA. The results of direct binding were further validated by competitive/inhibition ELISA. Moreover, AGE detection, ketoamines, protein carbonyls, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and carboxymethyllysine (CML) concentrations in patients' sera were also determined. Furthermore, free lysine and free arginine residues were also estimated. RESULTS The high binding affinity was observed in 54% of T2DM, 33% of ATH, and 65% of T2DM-ATH patients' samples with respect to healthy subjects against MG-Fib antigen in comparison to N-Fib (p < 0.05 to p < 0.0001). HS sera showed nonsignificant binding (p > 0.05) with N-Fib and MG-Fib. Other biochemical parameters were also found to be significant (p < 0.05) in the patient groups with respect to the HS group. CONCLUSIONS These findings in the future might pave a way to authenticate fibrinogen as a biomarker for the early detection of diabetes-associated micro- and macrovascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry, Sir Syed Faculty of Science, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, U.P., India
| | - Jiantao Song
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Mohammad Faisal
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Alatar
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firoz Akhter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Harraz OF, Jensen LJ. Vascular calcium signalling and ageing. J Physiol 2021; 599:5361-5377. [PMID: 34705288 PMCID: PMC9002240 DOI: 10.1113/jp280950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in cellular Ca2+ levels have major influences on vascular function and blood pressure regulation. Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) orchestrate vascular activity in distinct ways, often involving highly specific fluctuations in Ca2+ signalling. Ageing is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but the impact of ageing per se on vascular Ca2+ signalling has received insufficient attention. We reviewed the literature for age-related changes in Ca2+ signalling in relation to vascular structure and function. Vascular tone dysregulation in several vascular beds has been linked to abnormal expression or activity of SMC voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ -activated K+ channels or TRPC6 channels. Some of these effects were linked to altered caveolae density, microRNA expression or 20-HETE abundance. Intracellular store Ca2+ handling was suppressed in ageing mainly via reduced expression of intracellular Ca2+ release channels, and Ca2+ reuptake or efflux pumps. An increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, leading to oxidative stress, could also play a role in SMC hypercontractility and structural remodelling in ageing. In ECs, ageing entailed diverse effects on spontaneous and evoked Ca2+ transients, as well as structural changes at the EC-SMC interface. The concerted effects of altered Ca2+ signalling on myogenic tone, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, and vascular structure are likely to contribute to blood pressure dysregulation and blood flow distribution deficits in critical organs. With the increase in the world's ageing population, future studies should be directed at solving specific ageing-induced Ca2+ signalling deficits to combat the imminent accelerated vascular ageing and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama F. Harraz
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA,Vermont Center for Cardiovascular and Brain Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Lars Jørn Jensen
- Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Butterfield DA. Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L-1 in brain: Focus on its oxidative/nitrosative modification and role in brains of subjects with Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:278-286. [PMID: 34737037 PMCID: PMC8684818 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurons must remove aggregated, damaged proteins in order to survive. Among the ways of facilitating this protein quality control is the ubiquitin-proteasomal system (UPS). Aggregated, damaged proteins are targeted for destruction by the UPS by acquiring a polymer of ubiquitin residues that serves as a signal for transport to the UPS. However, before this protein degradation can occur, the polyubiquitin chain must be removed, one residue at a time, a reaction facilitated by the enzyme, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH-L1). In Alzheimer disease brain, this normally abundant protein is both of lower levels and oxidatively and nitrosatively modified than in control brain. This causes diminished function of the pleiotropic UCH-L1 enzyme with consequent pathological alterations in AD brain, and the author asserts the oxidative and nitrosative alterations of UCH-L1 are major contributors to mechanisms of neuronal death in this devastating dementing disorder and its earlier stage, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This review paper outlines these findings in AD and MCI brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Khan MS, Rehman MT, Ismael MA, AlAjmi MF, Alruwaished GI, Alokail MS, Khan MR. Bioflavonoid (Hesperidin) Restrains Protein Oxidation and Advanced Glycation End Product Formation by Targeting AGEs and Glycolytic Enzymes. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:833-844. [PMID: 34110566 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00997-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-amylase (α-amylase) not long ago has acquire recognition as a possible drug target for the management of diabetes. Here, we have investigated the binding and enzyme activity of α-amylase by hesperidin; a naturally occurring flavanone having wide therapeutic potential. Hesperidin exerted an inhibitory influence on α-amylase activity with an IC50 value of 16.6 µM. Hesperidin shows a significant binding toward α-amylase with a binding constant (Ka) of the order of 104 M-1. The evaluation of thermodynamic parameters (∆H and ∆S) suggested that van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding drive seemingly specific hesperidin-α-amylase complex formation. Glycation and oxidation studies were performed using human serum albumin (HSA) as ideal protein. Hesperidin inhibited fructosamine content ≈40% at 50 µM and inhibited advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation by 71.2% at the same concentration. Moreover, significant recovery was evident in free -SH groups and carbonyl content of HSA. Additionally, molecular docking also entrenched in vitro observations and provided an insight into the important residues (Trp58, Gln63, His101, Glu233, Asp300, and His305) at the heart of hesperidin-α-amylase interaction. This study delineates mechanistic insight of hesperidin-α-amylase interaction and provides a platform for use of hesperidin to treat AGEs directed diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Ismael
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida I Alruwaished
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Cosmetic Department, National Drug and Cosmetic Control Laboratory, Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh, 11561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Alokail
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Oxidative stress in rat heart mitochondria under a rotenone model of Parkinson’ disease: a corrective effect of capicor treatment. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj93.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
48
|
Bioactive Compounds from Ephedra fragilis: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant and AntiGlycation Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195998. [PMID: 34641538 PMCID: PMC8512229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction of bioactive compounds from Ephedra fragilis. The results suggested that extraction with 61.93% ethanol at 44.43 °C for 15.84 h was the best solution for this combination of variables. The crude ethanol extract (CEE) obtained under optimum extraction conditions was sequentially fractionated with solvents of increasing polarity. The content of total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) as well as the antioxidant and antiglycation activities were measured. The phytochemical fingerprint profile of the fraction with the highest activity was characterized by using RP-HPLC. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) had the highest TP and TF contents and exhibited the most potent antioxidant and antiglycation activities. The Pearson correlation analysis results showed that TP and TF contents were highly significantly correlated with the antioxidant and antiglycation activities. Totally, six compounds were identified in the EAF of E. fragilis, including four phenolic acids and two flavonoids. Additionally, molecular docking analysis also showed the possible connection between identified bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action. Our results suggest new evidence on the antioxidant and antiglycation activities of E. fragilis bioactive compounds that may be applied in the treatment and prevention of aging and glycation-associated complications.
Collapse
|
49
|
He L, Sun Y. The potential role of Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes-related Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1469-1479. [PMID: 34129198 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Kelch-like ECH associated-protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is thought to be the key regulatory process defensing oxidative stress in multiple organs. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both serious global health problems with high prevalence. A growing number of literatures have suggested a possible link between Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and the pathological changes of T2DM, AD as well as T2DM-related AD. The current review mainly discusses how the damaged Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway leads to dysregulated redox molecular signaling, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD and T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction, as well as some compounds targeting this pathway. The further exploration of the mechanisms of this pathway could provide novel therapeutic strategies to improve cognitive function, through restoration of expression or translocation of Nrf2 and scavenging excessive free radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mani S, Sevanan M, Krishnamoorthy A, Sekar S. A systematic review of molecular approaches that link mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:4459-4469. [PMID: 34480241 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects 1% of the population worldwide. Etiology of PD is likely to be multi-factorial such as protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation that contributes to the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD), numerous studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a key role in the dopaminergic neuronal loss. In multiple ways, the two most important are the activation of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, while mitochondrial dysfunction could cause neuroinflammation and vice versa. Thus, the mitochondrial proteins are the highly promising target for the development of PD. However, the limited amount of dopaminergic neurons prevented the detailed investigation of Parkinson's disease with regard to mitochondrial dysfunction. Both genetic and environmental factors are also associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and PD pathogenesis. The induction of PD by neurotoxins that inhibit mitochondrial complex I provide direct evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction to PD. A decrease of mitochondrial complex I activity is observed in PD brain and in neurotoxin- or genetic factor-induced in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, PINK1, Parkin, DJ-1 and LRRK2 mitochondrial PD gene products have important roles in mitophagy, a cellular process that clear damaged mitochondria. This review paper would discuss the evidence for the mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sugumar Mani
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Murugan Sevanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641114, India.
| | | | - Sathiya Sekar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr.M.G.R Educational Research Institute, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|