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Seddighi NS, Beheshti F, Masoudi M, Tabrizi AMA, Asl AAH, Ahmadi-Soleimani SM, Azizi O. Oral administration of bacterial probiotics improves Helicobacter pylori-induced memory impairment in rats: Insights from behavioral and biochemical investigations. Behav Brain Res 2024; 463:114903. [PMID: 38341103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
There are numerous evidence supporting the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the occurrence of cognitive deficits in humans. In this regard, treatment of H. pylori infection has been suggested as an effective strategy to decelerate the neurodegenerative processes of memory deficits in AD patients. Numerous studies support the beneficial effects of probiotics on various pathological conditions, particularly cognitive deficits, however, this concern has not been addressed in relation to the memory impairment induced by H. pylori infection. In the present study, we aimed to reveal whether oral administration of two bacterial probiotics (including Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus plantarum), could ameliorate H. pylori-induced memory deficits at behavioral level in rats. Besides, cellular mechanisms were investigated by biochemical methods to find out how probiotic effects are mediated in hippocampal circuitry. Male Wistar rats were infected by H. pylori for 3 consecutive days, then probiotic treatment was done for the next 3 days and after a drug-free period (12 days), animals were assessed by Morris Water Maze and Novel Object Recognition tests. Finally, rats were euthanized by CO2 and hippocampal tissues were excised for biochemical measurements. Results indicated that H. pylori infection markedly impairs memory function in rats which is associated with alterations of oxidative, inflammatory, neurotrophic, and cholinergic markers. Interestingly, treatment with either of the probiotics alone or in combination, significantly improved the H. pylori-induced memory deficits and this was associated with restoration of balance in biochemical factors within the hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Maha Masoudi
- Vice Chancellery for Education and Research, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Ali Tabrizi
- Imam Hossein Educational Hospital, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | | | - S Mohammad Ahmadi-Soleimani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Omid Azizi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.
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Sana T, Khan M, Siddiqui BS, Baig TA, Jabeen A, Begum S, Hadda TB, Shah L. Anti-inflammatory and urease inhibitory iridoid glycosides from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117368. [PMID: 38380570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. has been used by Ayruvedic physicians for the cure of different diseases including ulcers, gastric and inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To isolate and identify compounds from this source and investigate their therapeutic potential for the treatment of gastric ulcer and related disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS The ethanol extract of fresh aerial parts of N. arbor-tristis was used in the present studies which was subjected to a bio-assay guided fractionation followed by chromatographic separations. The structures of pure compounds were elucidated using various spectroscopic techniques. The inhibition of urease enzyme was evaluated by weatherburn indophenol method. Molecular docking studies were determined by using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) version 2020.0901 version. The intracellular ROS production from phagocytes was determined by chemiluminescence assay and NO generation was detected by Griess method. The proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α was quantified by ELISA. Cytotoxic activity was assessed by MTT assay. RESULTS One previously undescribed iridoid glycoside arborside F (1) and four known iridoid glycosides arborside A (2), arborside C (3), loganin (4) and 7-O-trans-cinnamoyl-6β-hydroxyloganin (5) were isolated and characterized in the present studies and their urease inhibitory activity was determined. Among these, 2 and 5 showed strong urease inhibition (IC50 = 12.1 ± 1.74 and 14.1 ± 0.59 μM respectively) (standard acetohydroxamic acid IC50 = 20.3 ± 0.42 μM), whereas rest of compounds showed moderate to low inhibition. Kinetic studies revealed that compounds 2 and 5 possess competitive type of inhibition. Molecular docking showed polar and non-polar interactions of compounds 2 and 5 with urease enzyme residues. Compounds 2 and 3 showed inhibition of ROS from whole blood (IC50 = 1.6 ± 0.3 and 2.5 ± 0.09 μg/mL respectively) and PMNs (IC50 = 1.5 ± 0.03 and 1.4 ± 0.0 μg/mL respectively). Compound 2 significantly inhibited nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α (IC50 = 18.2 ± 3.0 and 73.8 ± 6.6 μg/mL respectively). Compounds 1, 4 and 5 were inactive on ROS. All isolated compounds were non-toxic on normal mouse fibroblasts (NIH-3T3) cells. CONCLUSIONS The ethno pharmacological repute of N. arbor-tristis in treating gastric and anti-inflammatory ailments is supported by present studies which resulted in isolation of a potent urease inhibitory and anti-inflammatory agent arborside A (2) a potential anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory drug lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talea Sana
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Majid Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Bina S Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Pakistan Academy of Sciences, 3-Constitution Avenue, G-5/2, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Tariq Ahmad Baig
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Almas Jabeen
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sabira Begum
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Taibi B Hadda
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux, Facultédes Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Luqman Shah
- Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
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Wang C, Yao M, Zhong H, Meena SS, Shu F, Nie S, Xie M. Natural foods resources and dietary ingredients for the amelioration of Helicobacter pylori infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1324473. [PMID: 38131043 PMCID: PMC10734694 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1324473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gastric-persistent pathogen that can cause peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This pathogen is commonly treated with antibiotic-based triple or quadruple therapy. However, antibiotic therapy could result in the bacterial resistance, imbalance of gut microbiota, and damage to the liver and kidneys, etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Interestingly, natural food resources, like vegetables, fruits, spices, and edible herbs, have potent inhibitory effects on H. pylori. In this review, we systematically summarized these foods with supporting evidence from both animal and clinical studies. The results have indicated that natural foods may possess temporary inhibition effect on H. pylori rather than durable eradication, and may help to reduce H. pylori colonization, enhance the effect of antibiotics and modulate the host's immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meixiang Yao
- Jiangzhong Dietary Therapy Technology Co. Ltd, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongguang Zhong
- Jiangzhong Dietary Therapy Technology Co. Ltd, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Stephene S. Meena
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fuxing Shu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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You N, Chen Y, Yan X, Gu B, Wang J, Zhang J. Persistent Helicobacter pylori infection leads to elevated fasting plasma glucose level: A retrospective cohort study based on a nondiabetes Chinese population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1942-1948. [PMID: 37403267 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and fast plasma glucose (FPG) on nondiabetes populations is still inconclusive. Nowadays, not only the high infection rate of H. pylori but also the high FPG level is threatening the Chinese people. METHODS A retrospective cohort study has been established to analyze the relationship between H. pylori infection and FPG level, 18 164 individuals performed healthy examination in Taizhou Hospital Health Examination Center from 2017 to 2022 were included, and hematological indicators, body parameters, and H. pylori detection by 13 C-urea breath test were collected from patients. The follow-up intervals were greater than 12 months. RESULTS H. pylori infection was regarded as an independent risk factor for elevated FPG after multivariate logistic regression. Additionally, the average interval time were 33.6 ± 13.3 months. Mean changed FPG values in the persistent infection group were higher than in the subgroup of persistent negative (P = 0.029) as well as eradication infection (P = 0.007). The aforementioned changes began to appear after 2 years of follow-up. Similarly, when compared with the subgroup of persistent infection, mean changed triglyceride/high density lipoprotein (TG/HDL) values were much lower in the subgroup of persistent negative (P = 0.008) and eradication infection (P = 0.018), but the differences appeared after 3 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for elevated FPG in non-diabetes mellitus (DM) individuals. Persistent H. pylori infection causes an increase in FPG level and TG/HDL, which may be a risk factor for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning You
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodan Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binbin Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinshun Zhang
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Zarezadeh M, Mahmoudinezhad M, Hosseini B, Khorraminezhad L, Razaghi M, Alvandi E, Saedisomeolia A. Dietary pattern in autism increases the need for probiotic supplementation: A comprehensive narrative and systematic review on oxidative stress hypothesis. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1330-1358. [PMID: 37418842 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are associated with specific dietary habits, including limited food selection and gastrointestinal problems, resulting in an altered gut microbiota. Autistic patients have an elevated abundance of certain gut bacteria associated with increased oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract. Probiotic supplementation has been shown to decrease oxidative stress in a simulated gut model, but the antioxidant effects of probiotics on the oxidative stress of the gut in autistic patients have not been directly studied. However, it is speculated that probiotic supplementation may help decrease oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of autistic patients due to their specific dietary habits altering the microbiota. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases and Google Scholar were searched up to May 2023. This systematic-narrative review aims to present the latest evidence regarding the changes in eating habits of autistic children which may further increase the gut microbiota induced oxidative stress. Additionally, this review will assess the available literature on the effects of probiotic supplementation on oxidative stress parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Banafshe Hosseini
- Clinical Research and Knowledge Transfer Unit on Childhood Asthma, Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Leila Khorraminezhad
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Maryam Razaghi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ehsan Alvandi
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmad Saedisomeolia
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada.
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Doğan Z, Kekilli M. Can neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio be a non-invasive indicator of the presence of duodenal ulcer related Helicobacter pylori in dyspeptic patients? Pract Lab Med 2023; 36:e00319. [PMID: 37649546 PMCID: PMC10462661 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2023.e00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a novel inflammatory marker, has been shown to increase in various systemic inflammatory conditions. In this way, we want to evaluate the relationship between the presence of H. pylori, duodenal ulcer related H. pylori and NLR in dyspeptic patients. Material and methods The patients were divided into three groups after evaluating of the EGD and histopathology results. The groups were determined as follow; Group A: H. pylori positive and DU negative, Group B: H. pylori positive and DU positive, Group C: H. pylori negative and DU negative. Then, groups were compared with each other for demographic features, laboratory tests and NLR. Results There were significant differences between groups for NLR when groups compared with each other. Significantly high NLR was seen in group A (H. pylori positive, DU negative) and group B (H. pylori positive, DU positive) when compared with group C (H. pylori negative, DU negative) (respectively p < 0.042, p < 0.001). Significantly higher NLR was determined in the group B when compared with group A and group C (respectively p < 0.021, p < 0.001). The cut-off value for NLR was 2,17 with a specificity of 61% and sensitivity of 66% for group B comparing with Group C (AUC:0,66). Conclusions Significantly higher NLR was determined in patients with H. pylori and DU. As a result, NLR may be used as a non-invasive test for documenting the presence of H. pylori and H. pylori related DU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynal Doğan
- Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Kekilli
- Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara, Turkey
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Zeng J, An M, Tian W, Wang K, Du B, Li P. Sacha inchi albumin delays skin-aging by alleviating inflammation, oxidative stress and regulating gut microbiota in d-galactose induced-aging mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4470-4480. [PMID: 36919865 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacha inchi albumin exhibits considerable functional activity with notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidation properties, which could delay skin aging. However, its underlying mechanisms for delaying skin aging have not been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-skin-aging effect of sacha inchi albumin (SIA) in d-galactose induced-aging mice. RESULTS Sacha inchi albumin improved moisture content, collagen level, and the state of aged skin in rats. Sacha inchi albumin intervention markedly increased the skin antioxidant enzymatic activities including those of glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, but decreased the malondialdehyde content. It also regulated inflammation by reducing the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and increasing the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Administration of SIA also increased the expression level of collagen I and III, increased the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-1, and decreased the expression of metalloproteinases. Sacha inchi albumin can also activate the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathway. Meanwhile, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that SIA treatment altered the composition of microbiota, and increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, but decreased the relative abundance of Alloprevotella and Helicobacter, etc. Helicobacter was positively associated with malondialdehyde (MDA) content and was negatively related to IL-6. CONCLUSION Sacha inchi albumin exhibits excellent anti-skin-aging effect, which provide a new insight for the development of functional sacha inchi albumin. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zeng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Miaoqing An
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wenni Tian
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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8
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Biagioni A, Peri S, Versienti G, Fiorillo C, Becatti M, Magnelli L, Papucci L. Gastric Cancer Vascularization and the Contribution of Reactive Oxygen Species. Biomolecules 2023; 13:886. [PMID: 37371466 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are the most important way for cancer cells to survive and diffuse in the body, metastasizing distant organs. During the process of tumor expansion, the neoplastic mass progressively induces modifications in the microenvironment due to its uncontrolled growth, generating a hypoxic and low pH milieu with high fluid pressure and low nutrients concentration. In such a particular condition, reactive oxygen species play a fundamental role, enhancing tumor proliferation and migration, inducing a glycolytic phenotype and promoting angiogenesis. Indeed, to reach new sources of oxygen and metabolites, highly aggressive cancer cells might produce a new abnormal network of vessels independently from endothelial cells, a process called vasculogenic mimicry. Even though many molecular markers and mechanisms, especially in gastric cancer, are still unclear, the formation of such intricate, leaky and abnormal vessel networks is closely associated with patients' poor prognosis, and therefore finding new pharmaceutical solutions to be applied along with canonical chemotherapies in order to control and normalize the formation of such networks is urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Peri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Versienti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Magnelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Yin X, Lai Y, Du Y, Zhang T, Gao J, Li Z. Metal-Based Nanoparticles: A Prospective Strategy for Helicobacter pylori Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2413-2429. [PMID: 37192898 PMCID: PMC10182771 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s405052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an infectious pathogen and the leading cause of gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric adenocarcinoma. Currently, bismuth quadruple therapy is the recommended first-line treatment, and it is reported to be highly effective, with >90% eradication rates on a consistent basis. However, the overuse of antibiotics causes H. pylori to become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, making its eradication unlikely in the foreseeable future. Besides, the effect of antibiotic treatments on the gut microbiota also needs to be considered. Therefore, effective, selective, antibiotic-free antibacterial strategies are urgently required. Due to their unique physiochemical properties, such as the release of metal ions, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and photothermal/photodynamic effects, metal-based nanoparticles have attracted a great deal of interest. In this article, we review recent advances in the design, antimicrobial mechanisms and applications of metal-based nanoparticles for the eradication of H. pylori. Additionally, we discuss current challenges in this field and future perspectives that may be used in anti-H. pylori strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongkang Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiqi Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tinglin Zhang
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
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Piazza S, Martinelli G, Fumagalli M, Pozzoli C, Maranta N, Giavarini F, Colombo L, Nicotra G, Vicentini SF, Genova F, De Fabiani E, Sangiovanni E, Dell'Agli M. Ellagitannins from Castanea sativa Mill. Leaf Extracts Impair H. pylori Viability and Infection-Induced Inflammation in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061504. [PMID: 36986236 PMCID: PMC10056456 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an etiologic factor of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Virulent strains of H. pylori are correlated with the severity of gastritis, due to NF-κB activation and IL-8 expression at the epithelial level. Ellagitannins have been documented for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, thus suggesting their potential use in gastritis. Recently, several authors, including our group, demonstrated that tannin-rich extracts from chestnut byproducts, at present considered agricultural waste, display promising biological activities. In this work, we detected high levels of polyphenols in hydroalcoholic extracts from chestnut leaves (Castanea sativa L.). Among polyphenols, the ellagitannin isomers castalagin and vescalagin (about 1% w/w of dry extract) were identified as potential bioactive compounds. In GES-1 cells infected by H. pylori, leaf extract and pure ellagitannins inhibited IL-8 release (IC50 ≈ 28 µg/mL and 11 µM, respectively). Mechanistically, the anti-inflammatory activity was partly due to attenuation of NF-κB signaling. Moreover, the extract and pure ellagitannins reduced bacterial growth and cell adhesion. A simulation of the gastric digestion suggested that the bioactivity might be maintained after oral administration. At the transcriptional level, castalagin downregulated genes involved in inflammatory pathways (NF-κB and AP-1) and cell migration (Rho GTPase). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation in which ellagitannins from plant extracts have demonstrated a potential role in the interaction among H. pylori and human gastric epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Martinelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Carola Pozzoli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Maranta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Giavarini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Colombo
- Consorzio Castanicoltori di Brinzio, Orino e Castello Cabiaglio, Società Cooperativa Agricola-Varese, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Genova
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Emma De Fabiani
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Di Fermo P, Di Lodovico S, Di Campli E, D'Arcangelo S, Diban F, D'Ercole S, Di Giulio M, Cellini L. Helicobacter pylori Dormant States Are Affected by Vitamin C. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065776. [PMID: 36982855 PMCID: PMC10057322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonizes human gastric mucosa, overcoming stressful conditions and entering in a dormant state. This study evaluated: (i) H. pylori's physiological changes from active to viable-but-non-culturable (VBNC) and persister (AP) states, establishing times/conditions; (ii) the ability of vitamin C to interfere with dormancy generation/resuscitation. A dormant state was induced in clinical MDR H. pylori 10A/13 by: nutrient starvation (for VBNC generation), incubating in an unenriched medium (Brucella broth) or saline solution (SS), and (for AP generation) treatment with 10xMIC amoxicillin (AMX). The samples were monitored after 24, 48, and 72 h, 8-14 days by OD600, CFUs/mL, Live/Dead staining, and an MTT viability test. Afterwards, vitamin C was added to the H. pylori suspension before/after the generation of dormant states, and monitoring took place at 24, 48, and 72 h. The VBNC state was generated after 8 days in SS, and the AP state in AMX for 48 h. Vitamin C reduced its entry into a VBNC state. In AP cells, Vitamin C delayed entry, decreasing viable coccal cells and increasing bacillary/U-shaped bacteria. Vitamin C increased resuscitation (60%) in the VBNC state and reduced the aggregates of the AP state. Vitamin C reduced the incidence of dormant states, promoting the resuscitation rate. Pretreatment with Vitamin C could favor the selection of microbial vegetative forms that are more susceptible to H. pylori therapeutical schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Fermo
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Lodovico
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Emanuela Di Campli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara D'Arcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Firas Diban
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simonetta D'Ercole
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mara Di Giulio
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigina Cellini
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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12
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Wang Z, Shao SL, Xu XH, Zhao X, Wang MY, Chen A, Cong HY. Helicobacter pylori and gastric microbiota homeostasis: progress and prospects. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:137-157. [PMID: 36688318 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative microaerobic bacteria belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria, can colonize in the stomach and duodenum, and cause a series of gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis, gastric ulcer and even gastric cancer. At present, the high diversity of the microorganisms in the stomach has been confirmed with culture-independent methods; some researchers have also studied the stomach microbiota composition at different stages of H. pylori carcinogenesis. Here, we mainly review the possible role of H. pylori-mediated microbiota changes in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer to provide new ideas for preventing H. pylori infection and regulating microecological imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Li Shao
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital. Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Han Xu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yi Wang
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital. Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Chen
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China.,Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital. Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Cong
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China.,Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital. Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
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13
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Murad H, Ahmed O, Alqurashi T, Hussien M. Olmesartan medoxomil self-microemulsifying drug delivery system reverses apoptosis and improves cell adhesion in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2017-2028. [PMID: 35766160 PMCID: PMC9246205 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2086939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Olmesartan medoxomil (OM) is an angiotensin receptor blocker. This study aimed to investigate the effects of OM self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (OMS) in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced acute colitis in rats. Besides two control groups, five TNBS-colitic-treated groups (n = 8) were given orally sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg/day), low and high doses of OM (3.0 and 10.0 mg/kg/day) (OML and OMH) and of OMS (OMSL and OMSH) for seven days. A colitis activity score was calculated. The colon was examined macroscopically. Colonic levels of myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde, and reduced glutathione were measured. Plasma and colonic olmesartan levels were measured. Colonic sections were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining for E-cadherin, caspase-3, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Protein expression of E-cadherin, Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and cleaved caspase-3 by Western blot was done. TNBS-colitic rats showed increased colonic myeloperoxidase, TNF-α, IL-6, and malondialdehyde, decreased colonic glutathione, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and protein expression alterations. OMS, compared with OM, dose-dependently achieved higher colonic free olmesartan concentration, showed better anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects, improved intestinal barrier, and decreased mucolytic activity. OMS more effectively up-regulated the reduced Bcl-2, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and E-cadherin expression, and down-regulated the overexpressed Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and MMP-9. OMSL exerted effects comparable to OMH. Sulfasalazine exerted maximal colonic protective effects and almost completely reversed colonic damage, and OMSH showed nearly similar effects with non-significant differences in-between or compared with the normal control group. In conclusion, OMS could be a potential additive treatment for Crohn's disease colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Alqurashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Martha Orendu Oche A, Tamunotonye Watson J, Sani Hyedima G, Sadiya Ufeli B. Leptadenia hastata Leaf Extract ameliorates oxidative stress and serum biochemical parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced diabetes in Wistar rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:1273-1281. [PMID: 36404850 PMCID: PMC9672294 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction : Diabetes Mellitus is a major health problem characterized by hyperglycemia and disturbances in metabolism and implicated in causing oxidative stress. Treatment includes administration of oral hypoglycaemic agents with lifestyle modifications, these offer glycemic control, however, present limitations about availability, affordability and side effects. Traditional anti-diabetic plants are becoming popular in management of diabetes mellitus. This study was carried out to determine the efficacy of Leptadenaia hastata in treatment of diabetes. Materials and methods Diabetes mellitus was induced in using a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg kg- 1 i.p.). The rats were divided into four groups of 5 rats each. Groups 3-6 received olive oil, 100 mg kg- 1 extract, 200 mg.kg- 1 extract and insulin (6IU kg- 1), respectively. 10 non-diabetic rats were grouped into two group receiving olive oil and 200 mg kg- 1 extract for 28 days. All groups were sacrificed by injecting with ketamine hydrochloride, blood was collected by cardiac puncture and centrifuged. The serum was analyzed for biochemical parameters. The liver was removed and homogenized with the supernatant of the resultant homogenate collected and used for analysis of oxidative stress enzymes. Results The extract significantly decreased serum AST (p < 0.05), ALP (p < 0.001), ALT (p < 0.05), TG (p < 0.01), TC (p < 0.001), creatinine (p < 0.001). It had no effect on SOD and CAT levels but it significantly increased (p < 0.001) GSH levels and reduced (p < 0.05) MDA level. Conclusions The n-hexane extract of Leptadenia hastata significantly decreased the levels of hepatic and renal serum biomarkers proving that it was beneficial in ameliorating diabetic related complications. The extract significantly increased GSH levels and reduced MDA level. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01017-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attah Martha Orendu Oche
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Garba Sani Hyedima
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria
| | - Balogun Sadiya Ufeli
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State Nigeria
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15
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Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) seeds compounds affect Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma cells growth. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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16
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Zhang X, Soutto M, Chen Z, Bhat N, Zhu S, Eissmann MF, Ernst M, Lu H, Peng D, Xu Z, El-Rifai W. Induction of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 by Helicobacter pylori via Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 With a Feedforward Activation Loop Involving SRC Signaling in Gastric Cancer. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:620-636.e9. [PMID: 35588797 PMCID: PMC9629135 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is the main risk factor for gastric cancer. The role of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGRFs) in H pylori-mediated gastric tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. This study investigated the molecular and mechanistic links between H pylori, inflammation, and FGFR4 in gastric cancer. METHODS Cell lines, human and mouse gastric tissue samples, and gastric organoids models were implemented. Infection with H pylori was performed using in vitro and in vivo models. Western blot, real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays were used for molecular, mechanistic, and functional studies. RESULTS Analysis of FGFR family members using The Cancer Genome Atlas data, followed by validation, indicated that FGFR4 messenger (m)RNA was the most significantly overexpressed member in human gastric cancer tissue samples (P < .001). We also detected high levels of Fgfr4 mRNA and protein in gastric dysplasia and adenocarcinoma lesions in mouse models. Infection with J166, 7.13, and PMSS1 cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)+ H pylori strains induced FGFR4 mRNA and protein expression in in vitro and in vivo models. This was associated with a concordant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Analysis of the FGFR4 promoter suggested several putative binding sites for STAT3. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and an FGFR-promoter luciferase reporter containing putative STAT3 binding sites and their mutants, we confirmed a direct functional binding of STAT3 on the FGFR4 promoter. Mechanistically, we also discovered a feedforward activation loop between FGFR4 and STAT3 where the fibroblast growth factor 19–FGFR4 axis played an essential role in activating STAT3 in a SRC proto-oncogene non-receptor tyrosine kinase dependent manner. Functionally, we found that FGFR4 protected against H pylori-induced DNA damage and cell death. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated a link between infection, inflammation, and FGFR4 activation, where a feedforward activation loop between FGFR4 and STAT3 is established via SRC proto-oncogene non-receptor tyrosine kinase in response to H pylori infection. Given the relevance of FGFR4 to the etiology and biology of gastric cancer, we propose FGFR4 as a druggable molecular vulnerability that can be tested in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nadeem Bhat
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Moritz F Eissmann
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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17
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Fakharian F, Asgari B, Nabavi-Rad A, Sadeghi A, Soleimani N, Yadegar A, Zali MR. The interplay between Helicobacter pylori and the gut microbiota: An emerging driver influencing the immune system homeostasis and gastric carcinogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:953718. [PMID: 36046747 PMCID: PMC9423097 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.953718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota are critical for preserving the health status because they are required for digestion and nutrient acquisition, the development of the immune system, and energy metabolism. The gut microbial composition is greatly influenced by the colonization of the recalcitrant pathogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and the conventional antibiotic regimens that follow. H. pylori is considered to be the main microorganism in gastric carcinogenesis, and it appears to be required for the early stages of the process. However, a non-H. pylori microbiota profile is also suggested, primarily in the later stages of tumorigenesis. On the other hand, specific groups of gut microbes may produce beneficial byproducts such as short-chain fatty acids (acetate, butyrate, and propionate) that can modulate inflammation and tumorigenesis pathways. In this review, we aim to present how H. pylori influences the population of the gut microbiota to modify the host immunity and trigger the development of gastric carcinogenesis. We will also highlight the effect of the gut microbiota on immunotherapeutic approaches such as immune checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment to present a perspective for further development of innovative therapeutic paradigms to prevent the progression of H. pylori-induced stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Fakharian
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoush Asgari
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nabavi-Rad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Soleimani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Abbas Yadegar, ;
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Callicarpa nudiflora Extract on H. Pylori-Infected GES-1 Cells through the Inhibition of ROS/NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β Signaling Axis. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 2022:5469236. [PMID: 35873363 PMCID: PMC9307406 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5469236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main pathogenic factor of gastric cancer, chronic gastritis, and other gastric diseases. It has been found that Callicarpa nudiflora (CN) as an air-dried leaf extract has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect. This study aims to examine the effect of CN on H. pylori-infected GES-1 cells in vitro and elucidate its underlying mechanism by extracting active ingredients from air-dried leaves. GES-1 cells were cocultured with HPSS1 at MOI = 100 : 1 and treated with different concentrations of CN (100 and 200 μg/ml). Results showed that CN can significantly reduce cellular LDH leakage and attenuate H. pylori-induced cell apoptosis and ROS production in GSE-1 cells, so as to protect gastric epithelial cells from damage by H. pylori. CN can also inhibit the secretion of inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. After CN treatment, the expression levels of active caspase-1, PYCARD, and NLRP3 were remarkably decreased in the treatment groups compared with the model group. To sum up, CN is highly protective against H. pylori-induced cell damage and apoptosis; CN can depress NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ROS production via the ROS/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling axis to suppress H. pylori-triggered inflammatory response and pyroptosis.
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19
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Protective effect of bovine lactoferrin against Cronobacter sakazakii in human intestinal Caco-2/TC7 cells. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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20
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McGowan EM, Lin Y, Chen S. Targeting Chronic Inflammation of the Digestive System in Cancer Prevention: Modulators of the Bioactive Sphingolipid Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030535. [PMID: 35158806 PMCID: PMC8833440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is increasing, and late-stage diagnosis makes these cancers difficult to treat. Chronic and low-grade inflammation are recognized risks for most GI cancers. The GI mucosal immune system maintains healthy homeostasis and signalling molecules made from saturated fats, bioactive sphingolipids, play essential roles in healthy GI immunity. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid, is a key mediator in a balanced GI immune response. Disruption in the S1P pathway underlies systemic chronic metabolic inflammatory disorders, including diabetes and GI cancers, providing a strong rationale for using modulators of the S1P pathway to treat pathological inflammation. Here, we discuss the effects of bioactive sphingolipids in immune homeostasis with a focus on S1P in chronic low-grade inflammation associated with increased risk of GI carcinogenesis. Contemporary information on S1P signalling involvement in cancers of the digestive system, from top to bottom, is reviewed. Further, we discuss the use of novel S1P receptor modulators currently in clinical trials and their potential as first-line drugs in the clinic for chronic inflammatory diseases. Recently, ozanimod (ZeposiaTM) and etrasimod have been approved for clinical use to treat ulcerative colitis and eosinophilic oesophagitis, respectively, which may have longer term benefits in reducing risk of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M. McGowan
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-614-0581-4048
| | - Yiguang Lin
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Size Chen
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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21
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Öztekin M, Yılmaz B, Ağagündüz D, Capasso R. Overview of Helicobacter pylori Infection: Clinical Features, Treatment, and Nutritional Aspects. Diseases 2021; 9:66. [PMID: 34698140 PMCID: PMC8544542 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a 0.5-1 µm wide, 2-4 µm long, short helical, S-shaped Gram-negative microorganism. It is mostly found in the pyloric region of the stomach and causes chronic gastric infection. It is estimated that these bacteria infect more than half of the world's population. The mode of transmission and infection of H. pylori is still not known exactly, but the faecal-oral and oral-oral routes via water or food consumption are thought to be a very common cause. In the last three decades, research interest has increased regarding the pathogenicity, microbial activity, genetic predisposition, and clinical treatments to understand the severity of gastric atrophy and gastric cancer caused by H. pylori. Studies have suggested a relationship between H. pylori infection and malabsorption of essential micronutrients, and noted that H. pylori infection may affect the prevalence of malnutrition in some risk groups. On the other hand, dietary factors may play a considerably important role in H. pylori infection, and it has been reported that an adequate and balanced diet, especially high fruit and vegetable consumption and low processed salty food consumption, has a protective effect against the outcomes of H. pylori infection. The present review provides an overview of all aspects of H. pylori infection, such as clinical features, treatment, and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Öztekin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara 06490, Turkey; (M.Ö.); (B.Y.)
| | - Birsen Yılmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara 06490, Turkey; (M.Ö.); (B.Y.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çukurova University, Sarıçam, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara 06490, Turkey; (M.Ö.); (B.Y.)
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
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22
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Hayashi T, Shibata T, Nakamura M, Sakurai N, Takano H, Ota M, Nomura-Horita T, Hayashi R, Shimasaki T, Ostuka T, Tahara T, Arisawa T. MAFK Polymorphisms Located in 3'-UTR are Associated with Severity of Atrophy and CDKN2A Methylation Status in the Gastric Mucosa. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:255-262. [PMID: 33877894 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to clarify the association of MAFK polymorphisms (rs4268033, rs3735656, and rs10226620) with the degree of gastric mucosal atrophy and CDKN2A CpG methylation status. Methods: A total of 491 subjects were enrolled in this study. Genotypes and methylation status were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-stranded conformation polymorphism and methylation-specific PCR (Fujita Health University, HM18-094). Methods: A total of 491 subjects were enrolled in this study. Genotypes and methylation status were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-stranded conformation polymorphism and methylation-specific PCR (Fujita Health University, HM18-094). Results: Either rs3735656 or rs10226620, located in the 3'-UTR of MAFK, was significantly associated with the severity of gastric mucosal atrophy using a dominant genetic model (odds ratio [OR], 2.10; p = 0.0012, and OR, 1.98; p = 0.0027, respectively). However, using a recessive genetic model, no significant association was found between three polymorphisms and gastric mucosal atrophy. The serum pepsinogen I/II ratio was significantly lower in subjects with minor alleles of rs3735656 and rs10226620 than in subjects with the wild homozygous allele (p = 0.018 and 0.013, respectively). In a subgroup including 400 of the 491 subjects, the CpG of p14ARF and p16 INK4a were methylated in 132 and 112 subjects, respectively. Fifty subjects had both CpG methylations and 206 subjects had neither methylation. When comparing the groups with both and neither methylations, there were no significant associations between three polymorphisms and CDKN2A methylation using a dominant genetic model. However, all polymorphisms investigated in this study (rs4268033, rs3735656, and rs10226620) were significantly associated with CDKN2A methylation in a recessive genetic model (OR, 3.58; p = 0.0071, OR, 4.49; p = 0.0004, and OR, 3.45; p = 0.0027, respectively). Conclusions: Our results indicate that carrying the minor allele of the MAFK polymorphisms, particularly when they are located in the 3'-UTR, has a high risk for the severity of gastric mucosal atrophy; furthermore, CDKN2A CpG methylation may develop in subjects with homozygous minor allele of these polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shibata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujita Health University, Kutsukake-cho, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Naoko Sakurai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Hikaru Takano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ota
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Tomoe Nomura-Horita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Ranji Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Takeo Shimasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Toshimi Ostuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Tahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Tomiyasu Arisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
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Sepehrinezhad A, Rezaeitalab F, Shahbazi A, Sahab-Negah S. A Computational-Based Drug Repurposing Method Targeting SARS-CoV-2 and its Neurological Manifestations Genes and Signaling Pathways. Bioinform Biol Insights 2021; 15:11779322211026728. [PMID: 34211268 PMCID: PMC8216348 DOI: 10.1177/11779322211026728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a global concern involves infections in multiple organs. Much of the research up to now has been descriptive on neurological manifestations followed by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite considerable efforts on effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, novel therapeutic options for COVID-19 comorbidities are warranted. One of the fast ways to introduce possible effective drugs for clinical trials is bioinformatics methods. We have conducted a comprehensive enrichment analysis of genes involved in SARS-CoV-2 and neurological disorders associated with COVID-19. For this purpose, gene sets were extracted from the GeneWeaver database. To find out some significant enriched findings for common genes between SARS-CoV-2 and its neurological disorders, several practical databases were used. Finally, to repurpose an efficient drug, DrugBank databases were used. Overall, we detected 139 common genes concerning SARS-CoV-2 and their neurological disorders. Interestingly, our study predicted around 6 existing drugs (ie, carvedilol, andrographolide, 2-methoxyestradiol, etanercept, polaprezinc, and arsenic trioxide) that can be used for repurposing. We found that polaprezinc (zinc l-carnosine) drug is not investigated in the context of COVID-19 till now and it could be used for the treatment of COVID-19 and its neurological manifestations. To summarize, enrichment and network data get us a coherent picture to predict drug repurposing to speed up clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sepehrinezhad
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariborz Rezaeitalab
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Sahab-Negah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Iranian Chapter, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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24
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Tsugawa H, Suzuki H. Oxidative stress in stomach cancer. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Nwakiban APA, Fumagalli M, Piazza S, Magnavacca A, Martinelli G, Beretta G, Magni P, Tchamgoue AD, Agbor GA, Kuiaté JR, Dell’Agli M, Sangiovanni E. Dietary Cameroonian Plants Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123787. [PMID: 33321889 PMCID: PMC7763248 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In Cameroon, local plants are traditionally used as remedies for a variety of ailments. In this regard, several papers report health benefits of Cameroonian spices, which include antioxidant and anti-microbial properties, whereas gastric anti-inflammatory activities have never been previously considered. The present study investigates the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of hydro-alcoholic extracts of eleven Cameroonian spices in gastric epithelial cells (AGS and GES-1 cells). The extracts showed antioxidant properties in a cell-free system and reduced H2O2-induced ROS generation in gastric epithelial cells. After preliminary screening on TNFα-induced NF-κB driven transcription, six extracts from Xylopia parviflora, Xylopia aethiopica, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Dichrostachys glomerata, Aframomum melegueta, and Aframomum citratum were selected for further studies focusing on the anti-inflammatory activity. The extracts reduced the expression of some NF-κB-dependent pro-inflammatory mediators strictly involved in the gastric inflammatory process, such as IL-8, IL-6, and enzymes such as PTGS2 (COX-2), without affecting PTGS1 (COX-1). In conclusion, the selected extracts decreased pro-inflammatory markers by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling in gastric cells, justifying, in part, the traditional use of these spices. Other molecular mechanisms cannot be excluded, and further studies are needed to better clarify their biological activities at the gastric level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Parfait Atchan Nwakiban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96 Dschang, Cameroon; or (J.-R.K.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Andrea Magnavacca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Giulia Martinelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paolo Magni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Via Milanese, 300, Sesto San Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Armelle Deutou Tchamgoue
- Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, 4124 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (A.D.T.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Gabriel Agbor Agbor
- Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, 4124 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (A.D.T.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Jules-Roger Kuiaté
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96 Dschang, Cameroon; or (J.-R.K.)
| | - Mario Dell’Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250-318-398
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (P.M.); (E.S.)
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Cao L, Li X, Xu R, Yao K, Yang W, Zhu H, Wang G, Zhang J. DUOX2, a common modulator in preventive effects of monoamine-based antidepressants on water immersion restraint stress- and indomethacin- induced gastric mucosal damage. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 876:173058. [PMID: 32131022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple kinds of monoamine-based antidepressants have been shown prophylactic effects in experimentally induced gastric ulcer. The loss of redox homeostasis plays a principle role in the development of peptic mucosal damage. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases are one of the most important sources of reactive oxygen species within the gastrointestinal tract. It is unclear whether there are some common NADPH oxidases modulated by monoamine-based antidepressants in different gastric mucosal damage models. We explored the effects of selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) duloxetine on the reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant capacity in the gastric mucosa of water immersion restraint (WIRS) or indomethacin treated rats, and examined the role of NADPH oxidases in the protective effects. Pretreated duloxetine prevented the increase of gastric mucosal NADPH oxidase activity and NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin dose-dependently protected gastric mucosa from damage by the two factors. Furthermore, dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and NADPH oxidase4 (NOX4) are involved in the protective effects of duloxetine in both models. We then examined NADPH oxidases expression modulated by the other monoamine-based antidepressants including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) fluoxetine, tricyclic agent (TCAs) amitriptyline and monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOs) moclobemide in the two models, and all the three antidepressants reduced the DUOX2 expression in the gastric mucosa. So DUOX2 was a common modulator in the preventive effects of all the monoamine-based antidepressants on WIRS- and indomethacin-induced gastric lesion. Our work provided a peripheral joint molecular target for monoamine modulatory antidepressants, which may be helpful to reveal the mechanisms of this kind of drugs more than monoamine regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xulin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ruiming Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Kaiyun Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wanqi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongliang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Helicobacter pylori severely reduces expression of DNA repair proteins PMS2 and ERCC1 in gastritis and gastric cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 89:102836. [PMID: 32143126 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancers are the third leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. Helicobacter pylori causes over 60 % of all stomach cancers. Colonization of the gastric mucosa by H. pylori results in increased DNA damage. Repair of DNA damage may also be reduced by H. pylori infection. Reduced DNA repair in combination with increased DNA damage can cause carcinogenic mutations. During progression to gastric cancer, gastric epithelium goes through stages of increasing pathology. Determining the levels of DNA repair enzymes during progression to gastric cancer could illuminate treatment approaches. Our aim is to determine the level of gastric expression of DNA repair proteins ERCC1 (a nucleotide excision repair enzyme) and PMS2 (a mismatch repair enzyme) in the presence of H. pylori infection at successive stages of gastric pathology and in gastric cancers. We analyzed gastric tissues of 300 individuals, including 30 without dyspepsia, 200 with dyspepsia and 70 with gastric cancers. The presence of H. pylori, gastric pathology and expression of DNA repair proteins ERCC1 and PMS2 were evaluated. Infection by H. pylori carrying the common cagA gene reduced median nuclear expression of ERCC1 and PMS2 to less than 20 % and 15 % of normal, respectively, in all pathologic stages preceding cancer. ERCC1 and PMS2 nuclear expression was 0-5 % of normal in gastric cancers. H. pylori can cause deficiency of ERCC1 and PMS2 protein expression. These deficiencies are associated with gastric pathology and cancer. This reduction in DNA repair likely causes carcinogenic mutations. Substantially reduced ERCC1 and PMS2 expression appears to be an early step in progression to H. pylori-induced gastric cancer.
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28
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Ribera-Fonseca A, Jiménez D, Leal P, Riquelme I, Roa JC, Alberdi M, Peek RM, Reyes-Díaz M. The Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Invasive Effect of Leaf Extracts of Blueberry Plants Treated with Methyl Jasmonate on Human Gastric Cancer In Vitro Is Related to Their Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010045. [PMID: 31948009 PMCID: PMC7023271 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third main cause of cancerous tumors in humans in Chile. It is well-accepted that a diet rich in antioxidant plants could help in fighting cancer. Blueberry is a fruit crop with a high content of antioxidants. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a phytohormone involved in plant defenses under stress conditions. The exogenous application of MeJA can improve the antioxidant properties in plants. We studied in vitro and in vivo anticancer action on human gastric cancer (cell line AGS) and the antioxidant properties of extracts from blueberry plants untreated and treated with MeJA. The results demonstrated that leaf extracts displayed a higher inhibition of cancer cell viability as well as greater antioxidant properties compared to fruit extracts. Besides, MeJA applications to plants improved the antioxidant properties of leaf extracts (mainly anthocyanins), increasing their inhibition levels on cell viability and migration. It is noteworthy that leaf extract from MeJA-treated plants significantly decreased cancer cell migration and expression of gastric cancer-related proteins, mainly related to the mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Interestingly, in all cases the anticancer and antioxidant properties of leaf extracts were strongly related. Despite highlighted outcomes, in vivo results did not indicate significant differences in Helicobacter pylori colonization nor inflammation levels in Mongolian gerbils unfed and fed with blueberry leaf extract. Our findings demonstrated that MeJA increased antioxidant compounds, mainly anthocyanins, and decreased the viability and migration capacity of AGS cells. In addition, leaf extracts from MeJA-treated plants were also able to decrease the expression of gastric cancer-related proteins. Our outcomes also revealed that the anthocyanin-rich fraction of blueberry leaf extracts showed higher in vitro antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects than the crude leaf extracts. However, it is still uncertain whether the leaf extracts rich in anthocyanins of blueberry plants are capable of exerting a chemopreventive or chemoprotective effect against gastric cancer on an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Ribera-Fonseca
- Centro de Fruticultura, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Danae Jiménez
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Pamela Leal
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Biomedicine and Translational Research Laboratory, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Alemania 0458, 4th Floor, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4810296, Chile;
| | - Ismael Riquelme
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4180101, Chile;
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, UC Centre for Investigational Oncology (CITO), Advanced Centre for Chronic Diseases (ACCDis), The Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile;
| | - Miren Alberdi
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Richard M. Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA
| | - Marjorie Reyes-Díaz
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (D.J.); (M.A.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-45-2325421
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Qian S, Golubnitschaja O, Zhan X. Chronic inflammation: key player and biomarker-set to predict and prevent cancer development and progression based on individualized patient profiles. EPMA J 2019; 10:365-381. [PMID: 31832112 PMCID: PMC6882964 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-019-00194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A strong relationship exists between tumor and inflammation, which is the hot point in cancer research. Inflammation can promote the occurrence and development of cancer by promoting blood vessel growth, cancer cell proliferation, and tumor invasiveness, negatively regulating immune response, and changing the efficacy of certain anti-tumor drugs. It has been demonstrated that there are a large number of inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment, and tumor-promoting immunity and anti-tumor immunity exist simultaneously in the tumor microenvironment. The typical relationship between chronic inflammation and tumor has been presented by the relationships between Helicobacter pylori, chronic gastritis, and gastric cancer; between smoking, development of chronic pneumonia, and lung cancer; and between hepatitis virus (mainly hepatitis virus B and C), development of chronic hepatitis, and liver cancer. The prevention of chronic inflammation is a factor that can prevent cancer, so it effectively inhibits or blocks the occurrence, development, and progression of the chronic inflammation process playing important roles in the prevention of cancer. Monitoring of the causes and inflammatory factors in chronic inflammation processes is a useful way to predict cancer and assess the efficiency of cancer prevention. Chronic inflammation-based biomarkers are useful tools to predict and prevent cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehua Qian
- 1Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
- 2Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
- 3State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- 4Radiological Clinic, UKB, Excellence Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
- 5Breast Cancer Research Centre, UKB, Excellence Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- 6Centre for Integrated Oncology, Cologne-Bonn, Excellence Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- 1Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
- 2Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
- 3State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
- 7Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
- 8National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People's Republic of China
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Kyung S, Lim JW, Kim H. α-Lipoic Acid Inhibits IL-8 Expression by Activating Nrf2 Signaling in Helicobacter pylori-infected Gastric Epithelial Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102524. [PMID: 31635029 PMCID: PMC6835494 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes gastritis and gastric cancers. Oxidative stress is involved in the pathological mechanism of H. pylori-induced gastritis and gastric cancer induction. Therefore, reducing oxidative stress may be beneficial for preventing the development of H. pylori-associated gastric diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial regulator for the expression of antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which protects cells from oxidative injury. α-Lipoic acid (α-LA), a naturally occurring dithiol, shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in various cells. In the present study, we examined the mechanism by which α-LA activates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukine-8 (IL-8), and reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H. pylori-infected AGS cells. α-LA increased the level of phosphorylated and nuclear-translocated Nrf2 by decreasing the amount of Nrf2 sequestered in the cytoplasm by complex formation with Kelch-like ECH1-associated protein 1 (KEAP 1). By using exogenous inhibitors targeting Nrf2 and HO-1, we showed that up-regulation of activated Nrf2 and of HO-1 results in the α-LA-induced suppression of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and ROS. Consumption of α-LA-rich foods may prevent the development of H. pylori-associated gastric diseases by decreasing ROS-mediated IL-8 expression in gastric epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyeon Kyung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Joo Weon Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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Abstract
Gastric environment has long been considered sterile, but the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) changed such concept in 1982. Over the past few decades, modern techniques have provided insight into microbial communities in the stomach and the interactions between communities, ranging from methods that rely on bacterial culture to the application of macrogenomics and high-throughput sequencing techniques. H. pylori is an important risk factor for gastric disease, but there may be other bacteria involved in the occurrence of gastric disease. This review summarizes the current progress in the understanding of the relationship between gastric microflora and gastric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tian Liang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Su Bai
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Tibet University for Nationalities, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Long-Li Kang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
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Minich DM, Brown BI. A Review of Dietary (Phyto)Nutrients for Glutathione Support. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2073. [PMID: 31484368 PMCID: PMC6770193 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione is a tripeptide that plays a pivotal role in critical physiological processes resulting in effects relevant to diverse disease pathophysiology such as maintenance of redox balance, reduction of oxidative stress, enhancement of metabolic detoxification, and regulation of immune system function. The diverse roles of glutathione in physiology are relevant to a considerable body of evidence suggesting that glutathione status may be an important biomarker and treatment target in various chronic, age-related diseases. Yet, proper personalized balance in the individual is key as well as a better understanding of antioxidants and redox balance. Optimizing glutathione levels has been proposed as a strategy for health promotion and disease prevention, although clear, causal relationships between glutathione status and disease risk or treatment remain to be clarified. Nonetheless, human clinical research suggests that nutritional interventions, including amino acids, vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and foods can have important effects on circulating glutathione which may translate to clinical benefit. Importantly, genetic variation is a modifier of glutathione status and influences response to nutritional factors that impact glutathione levels. This narrative review explores clinical evidence for nutritional strategies that could be used to improve glutathione status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M Minich
- Human Nutrition and Functional Medicine Graduate Program, University of Western States, 2900 NE 132nd Ave, Portland, OR 97230, USA.
| | - Benjamin I Brown
- BCNH College of Nutrition and Health, 116-118 Finchley Road, London NW3 5HT, UK
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Garcia-Castillo V, Marín-Vega AM, Ilabaca A, Albarracín L, Marcial G, Kitazawa H, Garcia-Cancino A, Villena J. Characterization of the immunomodulatory and anti- Helicobacter pylori properties of the human gastric isolate Lactobacillus rhamnosus UCO-25A. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:922-937. [PMID: 31646895 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1675153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability to form biofilms and the potential immunomodulatory properties of the human gastric isolate Lactobacillus rhamnosus UCO-25A were characterized in vitro. It was demonstrated that L. rhamnosus UCO-25A is able to form biofilms on abiotic and cell surfaces, and to modulate the inflammatory response triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric epithelial cells and THP-1 macrophages. L. rhamnosus UCO-25A exhibited a substantial anti-inflammatory effect in both cell lines and improved IL-10 levels produced by challenged macrophages. Additionally, UCO-25A protected AGS cells against H. pylori infection with a higher pathogen inhibition when a biofilm was formed. Given the importance of inflammation in H. pylori-mediated diseases, the differential modulation of the inflammatory response in the gastric mucosa by an autochthonous strain is an attractive alternative for improving H. pylori eradication and reducing the severity of the diseases that arise from the resulting chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Garcia-Castillo
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman, Argentina
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ana María Marín-Vega
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Alejandra Ilabaca
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Leonardo Albarracín
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman, Argentina
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Laboratory of Computing Science, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Tucuman University, Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Marcial
- Laboratory of Technology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Apolinaria Garcia-Cancino
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Julio Villena
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman, Argentina
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Yoon PH, An SJ, Jeong SH, Yang YJ, Hong YP. Association between Peptic Ulcer Disease and Osteoporosis: The Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study in Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2777. [PMID: 31382574 PMCID: PMC6696469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and osteoporosis remains unclear. We investigated the association between PUD and osteoporosis by classifying individuals based on gender in a prospective study on 10,030 adults in Korea at a 12-year follow-up examination. DESIGN AND SETTING The baseline survey of the Ansung-Ansan cohort studies was conducted from May 2001 to February 2003, and 10,030 participants (5018 from the Ansung study and 5012 from the Ansan study) completed the examination. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The risk of developing osteoporosis was higher in both men and women in the PUD group than in the control group. RESULTS At the 12-year follow-up, osteoporosis had developed in 11.1% (21/189) and 29.9% (56/187) of men and women in the PUD group, respectively. Meanwhile, in the control group, 4.8% (70/1464) and 16.5% (271/1639) of men and women, respectively, were presented with osteoporosis. The incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 20.5% and 68.5% in men and women in the PUD group and 11.2% and 42.3% of men and women in the control group, respectively. The risk of developing osteoporosis was higher in both men and women in the PUD group than in the control group (men: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-2.92; women: HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.20-2.18). CONCLUSION The risk of developing osteoporosis was significantly higher in both men and women in the PUD group than in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phill Hoon Yoon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea
| | - Sang Joon An
- Department of Neurology, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea
| | - Seok-Hoo Jeong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea.
| | - Yun-Jung Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea.
| | - Yeon-Pyo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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Zhang S, Shi D, Li M, Li Y, Wang X, Li W. The relationship between gastric microbiota and gastric disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:391-396. [PMID: 30945954 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1591499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, the stomach was believed to be a sterile organ unsuitable for microbiota growth. However, the discovery of H. pylori subverted this conception. With the development of molecular techniques, an abundance of microbiota of great diversity was found in the stomach. In addition, various lines of evidence suggest that the gastric microbiota plays a critical role in the development and progression of the gastric disease.The gastrointestinal microbiome plays an important role in various physiologic and pathologic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Zhang
- a Endoscopy Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center , Tianjin , China
| | - Dan Shi
- b Tianjin Medical University Graduate School , Tianjin , China
| | - Muran Li
- c Department of gastroenterology , Tianjin Union Medical Center , Tianjin , China
| | - Yanru Li
- a Endoscopy Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center , Tianjin , China
| | - Ximo Wang
- d Tianjin Clinical Medicine Research Centre for ITCWM Acute abdomen Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Wen Li
- a Endoscopy Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center , Tianjin , China.,b Tianjin Medical University Graduate School , Tianjin , China
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Minor cereals exhibit superior antioxidant effects on human epithelial cells compared to common wheat cultivars. J Cereal Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Lian DW, Xu YF, Ren WK, Fu LJ, Chen FJ, Tang LY, Zhuang HL, Cao HY, Huang P. Unraveling the Novel Protective Effect of Patchouli Alcohol Against Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastritis: Insights Into the Molecular Mechanism in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1347. [PMID: 30524287 PMCID: PMC6262355 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patchouli alcohol (PA), a natural tricyclic sesquiterpene extracted from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (Labiatae), has been found to exhibit anti-Helicobacter pylori and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of PA against H. pylori-induced gastritis in vitro and in vivo, and determined the underlying mechanism. In the in vivo experiment, a C57BL/6 mouse model of gastritis was established using H. pylori SS1, and treatments with standard triple therapy or 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg PA were performed for 2 weeks. Results indicated that PA effectively attenuated oxidative stress by decreasing contents of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and increasing levels of non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH), catalase and glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulphide (GSSG). Additionally, treatment with PA significantly attenuated the secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), keratinocyte chemoattractant and interleukin 6 (IL-6). PA (20 mg/kg) significantly protected the gastric mucosa from H. pylori-induced damage. In the in vitro experiment, GES-1 cells were cocultured with H. pylori NCTC11637 at MOI = 100:1 and treated with different doses of PA (5, 10, and 20 μg/ml). Results indicated that PA not only significantly increased the cell viability and decreased cellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, but also markedly elevated the mitochondrial membrane potential and remarkably attenuated GES-1 cellular apoptosis, thereby protecting gastric epithelial cells against injuries caused by H. pylori. PA also inhibited the secretions of pro-inflammatory factors, such as monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6. Furthermore, after PA treatment, the combination of NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and cysteine-aspartic proteases 1 (CASPASE-1), the expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins, such as thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), pro-CASPASE-1, cle-CASPASE-1, and NLRP3 and genes (NLRP3 and CASPASE1) were significantly decreased as compared to the model group. In conclusion, treatment with PA for 2 weeks exhibited highly efficient protective effect against H. pylori-induced gastritis and related damages. The underlying mechanism might involve antioxidant activity, inhibition of pro-inflammatory factor and regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome function. PA exerted anti-H. pylori and anti-gastritis effects and thus had the potential to be a promising candidate for treatment of H. pylori-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Lian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fei Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Kang Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jun Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Jun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Yao Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Ling Zhuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ying Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Dongguan & Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Cooperative Academy of Mathematical Engineering for Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Kidane D. Molecular Mechanisms of H. pylori-Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102891. [PMID: 30249046 PMCID: PMC6213211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections contribute to carcinogenesis through inflammation-related mechanisms. H. pylori infection is a significant risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism by which H. pylori infection contributes to carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated. H. pylori-associated chronic inflammation is linked to genomic instability via reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). In this article, we summarize the current knowledge of H. pylori-induced double strand breaks (DSBs). Furthermore, we provide mechanistic insight into how processing of oxidative DNA damage via base excision repair (BER) leads to DSBs. We review recent studies on how H. pylori infection triggers NF-κB/inducible NO synthase (iNOS) versus NF-κB/nucleotide excision repair (NER) axis-mediated DSBs to drive genomic instability. This review discusses current research findings that are related to mechanisms of DSBs and repair during H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit Kidane
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd. R1800, Austin, TX 78723, USA.
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Liu Q, Meng X, Li Y, Zhao CN, Tang GY, Li S, Gan RY, Li HB. Natural Products for the Prevention and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:937-952. [PMID: 33350111 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the main pathogen that induces chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, atrophic gastritis, and other gastric disorders, and it is classified as a group I carcinogen. To eradicate H. pylori infection, triple therapy consisting of two antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor is the most widely recommended first-line therapeutic strategy. Antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics contained in triple therapy could lead to therapeutic regimen failures. Recent studies showed that many natural products, including fruits, vegetables, spices, and medicinal plants, possess inhibitory effects on H. pylori, indicating their potential to be alternatives to prevent and manage H. pylori infection. This review summarizes the effects of natural products on H. pylori infection and highlights the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Dept. of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510080, China.,South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Shapla UM, Raihan J, Islam A, Alam F, Solayman N, Gan SH, Hossen S, Khalil I. Propolis: The future therapy against Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastrointestinal diseases. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Johnson KS, Ottemann KM. Colonization, localization, and inflammation: the roles of H. pylori chemotaxis in vivo. Curr Opin Microbiol 2017; 41:51-57. [PMID: 29202336 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects half of the world's population, causing gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. To establish chronic stomach infection, H. pylori utilizes chemotaxis, driven by a conserved signal transduction system. Chemotaxis allows H. pylori to sense an array of environmental and bacterial signals within the stomach, guiding its motility towards its preferred niche within the gastric mucosa and glands. Fine-tuned localization, regulated by the chemotaxis system, enables robust colonization during the acute stage of infection. During chronic infection, chemotaxis helps maintain bacterial populations and modulates the host immune response. Given its importance in host colonization and disease, chemotaxis is an attractive target for future treatments against H. pylori infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Karen M Ottemann
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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Associations of Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic atrophic gastritis with accelerated epigenetic ageing in older adults. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1211-1214. [PMID: 28898235 PMCID: PMC5674108 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) have shown strong associations with the development of gastric cancer. This study aimed to examine whether both risk factors are associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing, as determined by the ‘DNA methylation age’, in a population-based study of older adults (n=1477). Methods: Serological measurements of HP antibodies and pepsinogen I and II for CAG definition were obtained by ELISA kits. Whole blood DNA methylation profiles were measured by Illumina Human Methylation450K Beadchip. DNA methylation ages were calculated by two algorithms proposed by Horvath and Hannum et al. Results: After adjusting for potential covariates in linear regression models, we found that HP infection, infection with virulent HP strains (CagA+) and severe CAG were significantly associated with an increase in DNA methylation age by ∼0.4, 0.6 and 1 year (all P-values <0.05), respectively. Conclusions: Our study indicates that both CagA+ HP infection and CAG go along with accelerated epigenetic ageing.
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Prevention of Gastric Cancer: Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081699. [PMID: 28771198 PMCID: PMC5578089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although its prevalence is declining, gastric cancer remains a significant public health issue. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is known to colonize the human stomach and induce chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. Results using a Mongolian gerbil model revealed that H. pylori infection increased the incidence of carcinogen-induced adenocarcinoma, whereas curative treatment of H. pylori significantly lowered cancer incidence. Furthermore, some epidemiological studies have shown that eradication of H. pylori reduces the development of metachronous cancer in humans. However, other reports have warned that human cases of atrophic metaplastic gastritis are already at risk for gastric cancer development, even after eradication of these bacteria. In this article, we discuss the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication and the morphological changes that occur in gastric dysplasia/cancer lesions. We further assess the control of gastric cancer using various chemopreventive agents.
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important cause of human gastric cancer worldwide. Gastric cancer develops over a long time after H. pylori infection via stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations and positive selection of cells with growth advantages. H. pylori itself and the resultant chronic inflammation lead to the emergence of genetic alterations in gastric epithelial cells via increased susceptibility of these cells to DNA damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in inflammatory and gastric epithelial cells, as well as the expression of cytidine deaminase in gastric epithelial cells, may link H. pylori-related inflammation and DNA damage. Recent comprehensive analyses of gastric cancer genomes provide clues for the possible molecular mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis. In this chapter, we describe how genetic alterations emerge during gastric carcinogenesis related to H. pylori infection.
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Aviello G, Knaus UG. ROS in gastrointestinal inflammation: Rescue Or Sabotage? Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1704-1718. [PMID: 26758851 PMCID: PMC5446568 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestine is composed of many distinct cell types that respond to commensal microbiota or pathogens with immune tolerance and proinflammatory signals respectively. ROS produced by mucosa-resident cells or by newly recruited innate immune cells are essential for antimicrobial responses and regulation of signalling pathways including processes involved in wound healing. Impaired ROS production due to inactivating patient variants in genes encoding NADPH oxidases as ROS source has been associated with Crohn's disease and pancolitis, whereas overproduction of ROS due to up-regulation of oxidases or altered mitochondrial function was linked to ileitis and ulcerative colitis. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how maintaining a redox balance is crucial to preserve gut homeostasis. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Aviello
- National Children's Research CentreOur Lady's Children's HospitalDublinIreland
| | - UG Knaus
- National Children's Research CentreOur Lady's Children's HospitalDublinIreland
- Conway Institute, School of MedicineUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
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TRPM2 ion channels regulate macrophage polarization and gastric inflammation during Helicobacter pylori infection. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:493-507. [PMID: 27435104 PMCID: PMC5250617 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling in phagocytes is essential for cellular activation, migration, and the potential resolution of infection or inflammation. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via activation of NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)-oxidase activity in macrophages has been linked to altered intracellular calcium concentrations. Because of its role as an oxidative stress sensor in phagocytes, we investigated the function of the cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) in macrophages during oxidative stress responses induced by Helicobacter pylori infection. We show that Trpm2-/- mice, when chronically infected with H. pylori, exhibit increased gastric inflammation and decreased bacterial colonization compared with wild-type (WT) mice. The absence of TRPM2 triggers greater macrophage production of inflammatory mediators and promotes classically activated macrophage M1 polarization in response to H. pylori. TRPM2-deficient macrophages upon H. pylori stimulation are unable to control intracellular calcium levels, which results in calcium overloading. Furthermore, increased intracellular calcium in TRPM2-/- macrophages enhanced mitogen-activated protein kinase and NADPH-oxidase activities, compared with WT macrophages. Our data suggest that augmented production of ROS and inflammatory cytokines with TRPM2 deletion regulates oxidative stress in macrophages and consequently decreases H. pylori gastric colonization while increasing inflammation in the gastric mucosa.
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Pérez S, Taléns-Visconti R, Rius-Pérez S, Finamor I, Sastre J. Redox signaling in the gastrointestinal tract. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 104:75-103. [PMID: 28062361 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Redox signaling regulates physiological self-renewal, proliferation, migration and differentiation in gastrointestinal epithelium by modulating Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways mainly through NADPH oxidases (NOXs). In the intestine, intracellular and extracellular thiol redox status modulates the proliferative potential of epithelial cells. Furthermore, commensal bacteria contribute to intestine epithelial homeostasis through NOX1- and dual oxidase 2-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). The loss of redox homeostasis is involved in the pathogenesis and development of a wide diversity of gastrointestinal disorders, such as Barrett's esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, ischemic intestinal injury, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. The overproduction of superoxide anion together with inactivation of superoxide dismutase are involved in the pathogenesis of Barrett's esophagus and its transformation to adenocarcinoma. In Helicobacter pylori-induced peptic ulcer, oxidative stress derived from the leukocyte infiltrate and NOX1 aggravates mucosal damage, especially in HspB+ strains that downregulate Nrf2. In celiac disease, oxidative stress mediates most of the cytotoxic effects induced by gluten peptides and increases transglutaminase levels, whereas nitrosative stress contributes to the impairment of tight junctions. Progression of inflammatory bowel disease relies on the balance between pro-inflammatory redox-sensitive pathways, such as NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB, and the adaptive up-regulation of Mn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase 2. In colorectal cancer, redox signaling exhibits two Janus faces: On the one hand, NOX1 up-regulation and derived hydrogen peroxide enhance Wnt/β-catenin and Notch proliferating pathways; on the other hand, ROS may disrupt tumor progression through different pro-apoptotic mechanisms. In conclusion, redox signaling plays a critical role in the physiology and pathophysiology of gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Taléns-Visconti
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Rius-Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabela Finamor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sastre
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
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Hayakawa Y, Fox JG, Wang TC. The Origins of Gastric Cancer From Gastric Stem Cells: Lessons From Mouse Models. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 3:331-338. [PMID: 28462375 PMCID: PMC5404024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cellular origin of digestive cancers has been a long-standing question in the cancer field. Mouse models have identified long-lived stem cells in most organ systems, including the luminal gastrointestinal tract, and numerous studies have pointed to tissue resident stem cells as the main cellular origin of cancer. During gastric carcinogenesis, chronic inflammation induces genetic and epigenetic alterations in long-lived stem cells, along with expansion of stem cell niches, eventually leading to invasive cancer. The gastric corpus and antrum have distinct stem cells and stem cell niches, suggesting differential regulation of cancer initiation at the 2 sites. In this short review, we discuss recent experimental models and human studies, which provide important insights into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoku Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy C. Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Timothy C. Wang, MD, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, 1130 St Nicholas Avenue, Room 925, New York, New York 10032-3802. fax: (212) 851-4590.Division of Digestive and Liver DiseasesDepartment of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research CenterColumbia University Medical Center1130 St Nicholas AvenueRoom 925New YorkNew York 10032-3802
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Butcher LD, den Hartog G, Ernst PB, Crowe SE. Oxidative Stress Resulting From Helicobacter pylori Infection Contributes to Gastric Carcinogenesis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 3:316-322. [PMID: 28462373 PMCID: PMC5404027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that infects the stomach and can lead to, among other disorders, the development of gastric cancer. The inability of the host to clear the infection results in a chronic inflammatory state with continued oxidative stress within the tissue. Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species produced by the immune and epithelial cells damage the host cells and can result in DNA damage. H pylori has evolved to evoke this damaging response while blunting the host's efforts to kill the bacteria. This long-lasting state with inflammation and oxidative stress can result in gastric carcinogenesis. Continued efforts to better understand the bacterium and the host response will serve to prevent or provide improved early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Key Words
- AP Endonuclease
- APE1, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1
- BabA, blood group antigen binding adhesion
- CagA, cytotoxin-associated gene A
- DNA Damage
- Gastric Cancer
- H pylori
- IL, interleukin
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- NapA, neutrophil activating factor A
- Nox, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase
- O2-, superoxide
- OH, hydroxyl radical
- Oxidative Stress
- RNS, reactive nitrogen species
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- VacA, vacuolating cytotoxin A
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay D. Butcher
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Gerco den Hartog
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Peter B. Ernst
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sheila E. Crowe
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Sheila E. Crowe, MD, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0063. fax: (858) 246-1788.Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCalifornia 92093-0063
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Nishizawa T, Suzuki H, Fujimoto A, Kinoshita H, Yoshida S, Isomura Y, Toyoshima A, Kanai T, Yahagi N, Toyoshima O. Effects of patient age and choice of antisecretory agent on success of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 60:208-210. [PMID: 28584402 PMCID: PMC5453023 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of patient age on the efficacy of eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) remain unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether age affects eradication therapy involving vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB). We reviewed the cases of 3,261 patients who were administered first-line and second-line H. pylori eradication therapy at Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic. The first-line treatment was clarithromycin and amoxicillin combined with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or a PCAB. The second-line treatment was metronidazole and amoxicillin combined with a PPI or PCAB. The patients were divided into a young to middle-aged group (age ≤50 years) and an older group (age >50 years) as well as into PPI and PCAB groups. The PPI-clarithromycin-amoxicillin regimen demonstrated a significantly lower H. pylori eradication rate than the PCAB-clarithromycin-amoxicillin regimen (p<0.001). With the PPI-clarithromycin-amoxicillin regimen, the eradication rate in the young to middle-aged group was significantly lower than that in the older group (p<0.001). Lastly, age had no impact on the eradication rate of PCAB-based therapy or metronidazole-based therapy. In conclusion, with clarithromycin-based triple therapy, PCAB is a better choice of antisecretory agent compared to PPIs, especially in young to middle-aged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Nishizawa
- Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan.,Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Medical Education Center, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ai Fujimoto
- Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan.,Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kinoshita
- Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Yoshida
- Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Isomura
- Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Central Hospital, Tokyo 158-8531, Japan
| | - Akira Toyoshima
- Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Japanse Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo 150-8935, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Naohisa Yahagi
- Division of Research and Development for Minimally Invasive Treatment, Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Osamu Toyoshima
- Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan
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