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Fedala A, Adjroud O, Bennoune O, Abid-Essefi S, Foughalia A, Timoumi R. Nephroprotective Efficacy of Selenium and Zinc Against Potassium Dichromate-Induced Renal Toxicity in Pregnant Wistar Albino Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4782-4794. [PMID: 35066750 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) compounds are potent toxicants commonly used in numerous industries. Thus, potential toxic effects and health hazards are of high relevance. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are known for their antioxidant and chemoprotective properties. However, little is known about their protective effects against CrVI-induced renal damage during pregnancy. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the protective efficacy of these two essential elements against potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity in pregnant Wistar Albino rats. Female rats were divided into control and four treated groups of six each receiving subcutaneously on the 3rd day of pregnancy, K2Cr2O7 (10 mg/kg, s.c. single dose) alone, or in association with Se (0.3 mg/kg, s.c. single dose), ZnCl2 (20 mg/kg, s.c. single dose) or both of them simultaneously. The nephrotoxic effects were monitored by the evaluation of plasma renal parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA damage, and renal Cr content. The obtained results showed that K2Cr2O7 disturbed renal biochemical markers, induced oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation in kidney tissues, and altered renal histoarchitecture. The co-administration of Se and/or ZnCl2 has exhibited pronounced chelative, antioxidant, and genoprotective effects against K2Cr2O7-induced renal damage and attenuated partially the histopathological alterations. These results suggest that Se and Zn can be used as efficient nephroprotective agents against K2Cr2O7-induced toxicity in pregnant Wistar Albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfal Fedala
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physio-Toxicology-Pathology and Biomolecules, Faculty of Science of Nature and Life, Department of Biology of Organisms, University of Batna 2, 5000, Batna, Algeria.
| | - Ounassa Adjroud
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physio-Toxicology-Pathology and Biomolecules, Faculty of Science of Nature and Life, Department of Biology of Organisms, University of Batna 2, 5000, Batna, Algeria
| | - Omar Bennoune
- Institute of Veterinary and Agronomic Sciences, Laboratory of Environment, Health and Animal Production (LEHAP), University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research On Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abdelhamid Foughalia
- Scientific and Technical Research Center On Arid Regions (CRSTRA), University Campus Mohamed Khider, BP 1682 R.P, Biskra-07000, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Rim Timoumi
- Laboratory for Research On Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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Lin H, Wang X. The effects of gasotransmitters on bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 873:172983. [PMID: 32017936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which remains a major clinical problem for preterm infants, is caused mainly by hyperoxia, mechanical ventilation and inflammation. Many approaches have been developed with the aim of decreasing the incidence of or alleviating BPD, but effective methods are still lacking. Gasotransmitters, a type of small gas molecule that can be generated endogenously, exert a protective effect against BPD-associated lung injury; nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are three such gasotransmitters. The protective effects of NO have been extensively studied in animal models of BPD, but the results of these studies are inconsistent with those of clinical trials. NO inhalation seems to have no effect on BPD, although side effects have been reported. NO inhalation is not recommended for BPD treatment in preterm infants, except those with severe pulmonary hypertension. Both CO and H2S decreased lung injury in BPD rodent models in preclinical studies. Another small gas molecule, hydrogen, exerts a protective effect against BPD. The nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) axis seems to play a central role in the protective effect of these gasotransmitters on BPD. Gasotransmitters play important roles in mammals, but further clinical trials are needed to explore their effects on BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinbao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
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Sulforaphane prevents maleic acid-induced nephropathy by modulating renal hemodynamics, mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:185-197. [PMID: 29548851 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Maleic acid (MA)-induced nephropathy that is characterized by proteinuria, glycosuria, phosphaturia and a deficient urinary acidification and concentration. Sulforaphane (SF) is an indirect antioxidant that shows nephroprotective effects. The aim of the present work was to test the pre-treatment with SF against the MA-induced nephropathy. Wistar rats (230-260 g) were separated in the following groups: control, MA (which received 400 mg/kg of MA), SF + MA (which received MA and 1 mg/kg of SF each day for four days) and SF (which only received SF). MA induced proteinuria, an increase in urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, and a decrease in plasma glutathione peroxidase activity, renal blood flow, and oxygenation and perfusion of renal cortex. All these impairments correlated with higher levels of oxidative damage markers and exacerbated superoxide anion production on renal cortex. Moreover, MA impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics associated to complex I, mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory control index and increased the mitochondrial production of hydrogen peroxide. Further it disrupted mitochondrial morphology. SF prevented all the above-described alterations. In conclusion, the protective effect of SF against MA-induced nephropathy is associated with preservation of mitochondrial bioenergetics, amelioration of oxidative stress and improvement of renal hemodynamics and renal cortex oxygenation.
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Liver and kidney toxicity induced by Afzal smokeless tobacco product in Oman. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:307-314. [PMID: 28238347 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Afzal, the common smokeless tobacco product (STP) in Oman, is believed to contain toxins that may impair the function of some organs such as liver and kidney. An aqueous extract from Afzal was added to drinking water to be administrated orally to Wistar albino rats (n=72) young and adult from both genders weighing between 60-80g and 150-240g respectively for 8 weeks. Animals were divided into three groups: control (distilled water instead of Afzal extract), low-dose (3mgnicotine/kgbodyweight/day) and high-dose (6mgnicotine/kgbodyweight/day). The animals were euthanized and their blood, liver and kidney were collected for biochemical and histopathological investigations. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were assayed for the liver function, while blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRT) were assayed for the kidney function. The results showed a significant increase in the ALT, AST, BUN and CRT levels (P<0.05) in both Afzal-treated groups (low and high doses) compared with the control. Histopathological findings revealed the initial but seem to be serious degenerative alterations of periportal fibrosis in liver and edematous and calcified changes in renal glomerulus among Afzal-treated groups. Additionally, the weight gain of the Afzal-treated groups was lower than the control group. Our findings show that the exposure of Wistar rats to the Afzal extract has the potentials of causing decreased weight gain and dose-dependent functional and structural damage to the biochemical and histological profiles of liver and kidney as well as serious biochemical effects.
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Ávila RID, Mattos Alvarenga CB, Ávila PHMD, Moreira RC, Arruda AF, Fernandes TDO, Rodrigues BDS, Andrade WM, Batista AC, Paula JRD, Valadares MC. Eugenia dysenterica DC. (Myrtaceae) exerts chemopreventive effects against hexavalent chromium-induced damage in vitro and in vivo. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2652-2663. [PMID: 27241623 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1178306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Eugenia dysenterica DC. (Myrtaceae) has been widely used in the folk medicine and it presents phytochemicals constituents associated to antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of E. dysenterica leaf hydroalcoholic extract (EDE) in vitro and in vivo using AMJ2-C11 cells and Swiss mice exposed to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS AMJ2-C11 cells were pretreated with EDE and exposed to Cr(VI) to evaluate cytotoxicity and the pathways involved in the chemopreventive effects of the extract. Mice were daily pretreated with EDE and then exposed to Cr(VI). Survival analysis, histopathological examination and determination of Cr levels in biological tissues were carried out. RESULTS In vitro studies showed that pretreatment of the AMJ2-C11 cells with EDE protected against the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by Cr(VI). Consequently, the pretreatment with EDE reduced reactive oxygen species and apoptosis triggered by Cr(VI), probably by a marked antioxidant and chelating activities demonstrated by EDE. Regarding in vivo studies, pretreatment for 10 days with EDE increased survival of the mice exposed to Cr(VI). In addition, EDE prevented liver and kidney pathological damages, in parallel with reduction in chromium levels found in these organs and plasma. EDE also showed a marked antioxidant potential associated with the presence of polyphenols, especially flavonoids and tannins, as confirmed by HPLC-PDA. CONCLUSION The study showed that EDE protects against Cr(VI)-induced damage in vitro and in vivo supporting further studies for the development of therapeutic products applied to prevent the damage induced by toxic metals, especially Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Ivan de Ávila
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Cátia Belo Mattos Alvarenga
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Marcelino de Ávila
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Roger Cardoso Moreira
- b Laboratório de Espectroanalítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Andréa Fernandes Arruda
- b Laboratório de Espectroanalítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Thaís de Oliveira Fernandes
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Bruna Dos Santos Rodrigues
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Wanessa Machado Andrade
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho Batista
- c Laboratório de Patologia Bucal, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - José Realino de Paula
- d Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais - LPPN, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- a Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular - FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO , Brazil
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Liao W, Chen L, Ma X, Jiao R, Li X, Wang Y. Protective effects of kaempferol against reactive oxygen species-induced hemolysis and its antiproliferative activity on human cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 114:24-32. [PMID: 26974372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of kaempferol against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced hemolysis and its antiproliferative activity on human cancer cells were evaluated in this study. Kaempferol exhibited strong cellular antioxidant ability (CAA) with a CAA value of 59.80 ± 0.379 μM of quercetin (QE)/100 μM (EC50 = 7.74 ± 0.049 μM). Pretreatment with kaempferol significantly attenuated the ROS-induced hemolysis of human erythrocyte (87.4% hemolysis suppressed at 100 μg/mL) and reduced the accumulation of toxic lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA). The anti-hemolytic activity of kaempferol was mainly through scavenging excessive ROS and preserving the intrinsic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; and glutathione peroxidase, GPx) activities in normal levels. Additionally, kaempferol showed significant antiproliferative activity on a panel of human cancer cell lines including human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells, human stomach carcinoma (SGC-7901) cells, human cervical carcinoma (Hela) cells and human lung carcinoma (A549) cells. Kaemperol induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells accompanied with nuclear condensation and mitochondria dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West, Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China; College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Luying Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Rui Jiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West, Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West, Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West, Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Sahu BD, Koneru M, Bijargi SR, Kota A, Sistla R. Chromium-induced nephrotoxicity and ameliorative effect of carvedilol in rats: Involvement of oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 223:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rashid Khan M, Ahsan H, Siddiqui S, Siddiqui WA. Tocotrienols have a nephroprotective action against lipid-induced chronic renal dysfunction in rats. Ren Fail 2014; 37:136-43. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.959433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tight junction proteins and oxidative stress in heavy metals-induced nephrotoxicity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:730789. [PMID: 23710457 PMCID: PMC3654622 DOI: 10.1155/2013/730789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kidney is a target organ for heavy metals. They accumulate in several segments of the nephron and cause profound alterations in morphology and function. Acute intoxication frequently causes acute renal failure. The effects of chronic exposure have not been fully disclosed. In recent years increasing awareness of the consequences of their presence in the kidney has evolved. In this review we focus on the alterations induced by heavy metals on the intercellular junctions of the kidney. We describe that in addition to the proximal tubule, which has been recognized as the main site of accumulation and injury, other segments of the nephron, such as glomeruli, vessels, and distal nephron, show also deleterious effects. We also emphasize the participation of oxidative stress as a relevant component of the renal damage induced by heavy metals and the beneficial effect that some antioxidant drugs, such as vitamin A (all-trans-retinoic acid) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol), depict on the morphological and functional alterations induced by heavy metals.
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Unexpected Nephrotoxicity in Male Ablactated Rats Induced by Cordyceps militaris: The Involvement of Oxidative Changes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:786528. [PMID: 23533520 PMCID: PMC3595709 DOI: 10.1155/2013/786528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently, many nutraceutical products containing the powdered or extracted parts of C. militaris have become available for health care. Due to the increased morbidity and mortality, poisonings associated with the use of herbs have raised the universal attention. Herein, we carried out the 28-day repeated toxicity test in male and female ablactated rats (three weeks old) given C. militaris powder orally at 0 (control), 1, 2, and 3 g/kg per day. Noticeable increments of serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (ALT and AST) levels were observed for both sexes, suggestive of weak hepatic toxicity. Nephrotoxicity characterized by tubular epithelium degeneration and necrosis was observed at the high dose, and the male rats were more susceptible to renal toxicity than female rats. In addition, the genes and protein expressions of novel markers of kidney toxicity, such as kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were enlarged in the renal cortex and the urine. Moreover, C. militaris treatment significantly decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. However, the ratio of glutathione oxidized form (GSSG)/glutathione reduced form (GSH) was increased by C. militaris treatment. We conclude that dietary contamination with C. militaris may have renal toxicity potentials, at least in part by causing oxidative damage to the kidney.
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Zeng LN, Ma ZJ, Zhao YL, Zhang LD, Li RS, Wang JB, Zhang P, Yan D, Li Q, Jiang BQ, Pu SB, Lü Y, Xiao XH. The protective and toxic effects of rhubarb tannins and anthraquinones in treating hexavalent chromium-injured rats: the Yin/Yang actions of rhubarb. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 246-247:1-9. [PMID: 23276788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chromium nephrotoxicity (CrNT) is thought to occur through the oxidant lesion mechanism. There is still a lack of specific remedies against CrNT. We primarily screened Chinese herbal medicines with a potential protective effect against CrNT, e.g., rhubarb (Rheum palmatum L.). However, the active constituents in rhubarb and its mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the total rhubarb extract (TR) was successively separated into three parts: total anthraquinone extract (TA), total tannin extract (TT) and remaining component extract (RC). The effects of each extract on the potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7))-induced nephrotoxicity in rats were comparatively assessed. The results showed that only the administration of TT protected the kidney function in K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-injured rats. Besides, TT showed significant activity to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, which is considered to be the dominant lesion product generated by hexavalent chromium. TT also showed a reduced ability to transform toxic high valence chromium ions into non-toxic low valence ions. And TT was able to further precipitate chromium ions. These results suggested that rhubarb tannins treat CrNT as a free radical scavenger, reductant, and metal precipitant. The multiple protective routes of the plant tannins reveal a superior option for development into a promising natural remedy against CrNT. In addition, the opposite effects of rhubarb anthraquinones in treating CrNT were observed compared to rhubarb tannins, which suggested the duo-directional effects (Yin and Yang) of herbal medicines should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-na Zeng
- .; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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Colín-González A, Orozco-Ibarra M, Chánez-Cárdenas M, Rangel-López E, Santamaría A, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Barrera-Oviedo D, Maldonado P. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) upregulation delays morphological and oxidative damage induced in an excitotoxic/pro-oxidant model in the rat striatum. Neuroscience 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Barrera-Oviedo D, Carranza-Pérez MG, Candelario-Mota MT, Mendoza-Patiño N, Maldonado PD, Pedraza-Chaverrí J. Protective Effect of SnCl2on K2Cr2O7-Induced Toxicity in LLC-PK1 Cells. Ren Fail 2012; 35:132-7. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2012.736071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Vargas-Olvera CY, Sánchez-González DJ, Solano JD, Aguilar-Alonso FA, Montalvo-Muñoz F, Martínez-Martínez CM, Medina-Campos ON, Ibarra-Rubio ME. Characterization of N-diethylnitrosamine-initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate-promoted renal cell carcinoma experimental model and effect of a tamarind seed extract against acute nephrotoxicity and carcinogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 369:105-17. [PMID: 22761015 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the commonest malignancy in adult kidney, lacks of early signs, resulting often in metastasis at first diagnosis. N-Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate (FeNTA)-promoted RCC may be a useful experimental model, but it is not well characterized. In this study, histological alterations and oxidative stress markers were analyzed at different times throughout RCC development, histological subtype was re-evaluated in the light of current classification, and a tamarind seed extract (TSE) effect was examined. Male Wistar rats experimental groups were control, TSE, DEN, DEN+FeNTA, and TSE+DEN+FeNTA. TSE was given 2 weeks before DEN administration (200 mg/kg) and throughout the experiment. Fourteen days after DEN treatment, two FeNTA doses (9 mg Fe/kg) for acute nephrotoxicity study, and increasing FeNTA doses (3-9 mg Fe/kg) twice a week for 16 weeks for carcinogenesis protocol, were administered. In acute study, necrosis and renal failure were observed and TSE ameliorated them. Throughout carcinogenesis protocol, preneoplastic lesions were observed since 1 month of FeNTA treatment, which were more evident at 2 months, when also renal cysts and RCC were already detected. RCC tumors were obtained without changes in renal function, and clear cell histological subtype was identified in all cases. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal and 3-nitro-L: -tyrosine levels increased progressively throughout protocol. TSE decreased both oxidative stress markers and, although there was no statistical difference, it delayed RCC progress and decreased its incidence (21 %). This study brings an insight of the time course events in this carcinogenesis model, identifies clear cell subtype and establishes TSE renoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chabetty Y Vargas-Olvera
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
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Rojo AI, Medina-Campos ON, Rada P, Zúñiga-Toalá A, López-Gazcón A, Espada S, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Cuadrado A. Signaling pathways activated by the phytochemical nordihydroguaiaretic acid contribute to a Keap1-independent regulation of Nrf2 stability: Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:473-87. [PMID: 22142471 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Defense against oxidative stress is executed by an antioxidant program that is tightly controlled by the transcription factor Nrf2. The stability of Nrf2 involves the interaction of two degradation domains, designated Neh2 and Neh6, with the E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptors, Keap1 and β-TrCP, respectively. The regulation of Nrf2 through the Neh6 degron remains largely unexplored but requires GSK-3 to form a phosphodegron. In this study, the cancer-chemopreventive agent nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) increased the level of Nrf2 protein and expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in kidney-derived LLC-PK1 and HEK293T cells and in wild-type mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). However, NDGA did not induce HO-1 in Nrf2(-/-) MEFs, indicating that Nrf2 is required for induction. The relevance of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis to antioxidant protection was further demonstrated by the finding that the HO-1 inhibitor stannous-mesoporphyrin abolished protection against hydrogen peroxide conferred by NDGA. NDGA increased Nrf2 and HO-1 protein levels in Keap1(-/-) MEFs, implying that Keap1-independent mechanisms regulate Nrf2 stability. Mutants of the Neh2 or Nrh6 domain and chimeric proteins comprising cyan fluorescent protein fused to Neh2 and green fluorescent protein fused to Neh6 exhibited longer half-lives in the presence of NDGA, demonstrating that NDGA targets both the Neh2 and the Neh6 degrons. In common with other chemopreventive agents, NDGA activated the ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and PI3K pathways. By using selective kinase inhibitors we found that PI3K, JNK, and p38 were responsible for the stabilization of Nrf2 and induction of HO-1 by NDGA. To explain how NDGA might up-regulate Nrf2 in a Keap1-independent manner we explored the participation of GSK-3β because it controls the Neh6 phosphodegron. Importantly, NDGA caused inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK-3β at Ser9 and at Thr390, and this was associated with a substantial reduction in Neh6 phosphorylation. Our study demonstrates that NDGA activates Nrf2 through multiple signaling cascades and identifies GSK-3β as an integrator of these signaling pathways and a gatekeeper of Nrf2 stability at the level of the Neh6 phosphodegron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Rojo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC, Centro de Investigación en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz, Madrid 28029, Spain
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Molina-Jijón E, Zarco-Márquez G, Medina-Campos ON, Zataraín-Barrón ZL, Hernández-Pando R, Pinzón E, Zavaleta RM, Tapia E, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Deferoxamine pretreatment prevents Cr(VI)-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidant stress: Role of Cr(VI) chelation. Toxicology 2012; 291:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Molina-Jijón E, Tapia E, Zazueta C, El Hafidi M, Zatarain-Barrón ZL, Hernández-Pando R, Medina-Campos ON, Zarco-Márquez G, Torres I, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Curcumin prevents Cr(VI)-induced renal oxidant damage by a mitochondrial pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:1543-57. [PMID: 21839166 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the role of mitochondria in the protective effects of curcumin, a well-known direct and indirect antioxidant, against the renal oxidant damage induced by the hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compound potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7)) in rats. Curcumin was given daily by gavage using three different schemes: (1) complete treatment (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw 10 days before and 2 days after K(2)Cr(2)O(7) injection), (2) pretreatment (400 mg/kg bw for 10 days before K(2)Cr(2)O(7) injection), and (3) posttreatment (400 mg/kg bw 2 days after K(2)Cr(2)O(7) injection). Rats were sacrificed 48 h later after a single K(2)Cr(2)O(7) injection (15 mg/kg, sc) to evaluate renal and mitochondrial function and oxidant stress. Curcumin treatment (schemes 1 and 2) attenuated K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced renal dysfunction, histological damage, oxidant stress, and the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity both in kidney tissue and in mitochondria. Curcumin pretreatment attenuated K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction (alterations in oxygen consumption, ATP content, calcium retention, and mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased activity of complexes I, II, II-III, and V) but was unable to modify renal and mitochondrial Cr(VI) content or to chelate chromium. Curcumin posttreatment was unable to prevent K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced renal dysfunction. In further experiments performed in curcumin (400 mg/kg)-pretreated rats it was found that this antioxidant accumulated in kidney and activated Nrf2 at the time when K(2)Cr(2)O(7) was injected, suggesting that both direct and indirect antioxidant effects are involved in the protective effects of curcumin. These findings suggest that the preservation of mitochondrial function plays a key role in the protective effects of curcumin pretreatment against K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced renal oxidant damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Molina-Jijón
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510 University City, DF, Mexico
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Yu JB, Yao SL. Effect of heme oxygenase–endogenous carbon monoxide on mortality during septic shock in rats. Ir J Med Sci 2011; 178:491-6. [PMID: 19052841 PMCID: PMC2777231 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-008-0260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the effect of HO–CO on mortality during septic shock in rats. Method Eighty rats were randomly divided into group-control, group ZnPP-IX, group SS, and group LZ. Results Death was significantly lower in group SS than in group LZ (P < 0.05). The MAP was significantly higher in the group LZ than in the group SS (P < 0.05). ALT, AST, Cr and BUN, MDA, and the lung EB contents, were significantly lower in the group SS than that in the group LZ (all P < 0.05). And CO and SOD activities were significantly higher in group SS than that in the group LZ (all P < 0.05). HO-1 mRNA, and HO-1 protein were significantly lower in the group LZ than in the group SS (P < 0.05), whereas HO-2 mRNA, and HO-2 protein were not significantly different among four groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusion The increased oxidative stress and end-organ damage is related to mortality during septic shock; while the hypotension partly contributing to HO-1 protein and CO has no obvious relation with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-b Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, China.
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Curcumin Protects from Cardiac Reperfusion Damage by Attenuation of Oxidant Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2011; 11:357-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-011-9128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gaona-Gaona L, Molina-Jijón E, Tapia E, Zazueta C, Hernández-Pando R, Calderón-Oliver M, Zarco-Márquez G, Pinzón E, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Protective effect of sulforaphane pretreatment against cisplatin-induced liver and mitochondrial oxidant damage in rats. Toxicology 2011; 286:20-7. [PMID: 21575670 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present work was analyzed whether sulforaphane (SFN) may protect against cisplatin (CIS)-induced hepatic damage, oxidant stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Four groups of male Wistar rats were studied: control, CIS, CIS+SFN and SFN. SFN was given i.p. (500 μg/kg/d × 3 days) before CIS administration (single i.p. injection, 10mg/kg). Rats were sacrificed 3 days after CIS injection to evaluate hepatic damage (histological analysis, liver/body weight ratio and serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase), oxidant stress (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl and glutathione content), antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase) in liver homogenates and isolated mitochondria and mitochondrial function (oxygen consumption using either malate/glutamate or succinate as substrates and the activity of mitochondrial complex I, II, II-III, IV and V). Furthermore it was evaluated if SFN is able to scavenge some reactive oxygen species in vitro. It was found that SFN prevents CIS-induced (a) hepatic damage, (b) oxidant stress and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver and mitochondria and (c) mitochondrial alterations in oxygen consumption and decreased activity of mitochondrial complex I. It was also found that the scavenging ability of SFN for peroxynitrite anion, superoxide anion, singlet oxygen, peroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals was very low or negligible. The hepatoprotective effect of SFN was associated to the preservation of mitochondrial function, antioxidant enzymes and prevention of liver and mitochondrial oxidant stress.
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Soudani N, Sefi M, Bouaziz H, Chtourou Y, Boudawara T, Zeghal N. Nephrotoxicity induced by chromium (VI) in adult rats and their progeny. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:1233-45. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110387454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To assess kidney damages in pregnant and lactating rats and in their suckling pups, Wistar female rats were given, through drinking water, 700 parts per million (ppm) of K2Cr2O7 from the 14th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery. Toxicity was objectified by a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in kidney of chromium-treated mothers and their suckling pups. Moreover, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was increased in kidney and decreased in plasma of K2Cr2O7-treated rats. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were increased in dams and decreased in their pups. Interestingly, these biochemical modifications were accompanied by higher plasma and lower urinary levels of creatinine, a specific indicator of glomerular function, and of urea than those of controls. Significant increase in creatinine clearance was also found in treated mothers and in their progeny. Histological studies showed an infiltration of mononuclear cells, necrosis and vascular congestion in kidney of pups and dams. Based on the present findings, K2Cr2O7 administrated to female rats during late pregnancy and early postnatal periods provoked kidney damages in dams and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejla Soudani
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mediha Sefi
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hanen Bouaziz
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yassine Chtourou
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahia Boudawara
- Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najiba Zeghal
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
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Khan MR, Siddiqui S, Parveen K, Javed S, Diwakar S, Siddiqui WA. Nephroprotective action of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil against potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced acute renal injury in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 186:228-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Soudani N, Sefi M, Ben Amara I, Boudawara T, Zeghal N. Protective effects of Selenium (Se) on Chromium (VI) induced nephrotoxicity in adult rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:671-678. [PMID: 19913299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chromium is a toxic metal implicated in human diseases. This study was focused on investigating the possible protective effect of Se against K(2)Cr(2)O(7). Female Wistar rats, used in this study, were divided into four groups of six animals each: group I served as control which received standard diet; group II received orally only K(2)Cr(2)O(7) (700 ppm equivalent to 67 mg/kgbw); group III received both K(2)Cr(2)O(7) and Se (0.5 mg/kg of diet); group IV received Se (0.5mg Na(2)SeO(3)/kg of diet). The exposure of rats to K(2)Cr(2)O(7) for 21 days provoked renal damages with a significant increase in kidney malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, plasma creatinine, and uric acid levels, while catalase, glutathione peroxidase, non-protein thiol, Metallothionein and plasma urea levels decreased. Coadministration of Se in the diet of chromium-treated group improved malondialdehyde, renal biomarkers levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. Kidney histological studies confirmed biochemical parameters and the beneficial role of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejla Soudani
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Life Sciences Department, UR/08-73 Sfax Faculty of Sciences, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
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Parveen K, Khan MR, Siddiqui WA. Pycnogenol prevents potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7-induced oxidative damage and nephrotoxicity in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 181:343-50. [PMID: 19665454 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Revised: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 08/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium compounds, especially hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], is widely recognized as a potential nephrotoxic in humans and animals. Its toxicity is associated with overproduction of free radicals, which induces oxidative damage. Recent evidence indicates that Pycnogenol (PYC), French maritime pine bark extract, exhibits antioxidant potential and protects against various oxidative stressors. The aim of the present study was to examine the modulating impacts of PYC on potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7-induced oxidative damage and nephrotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. The first group was control, the second group was control plus pre-treated with PYC (10 mg/kg, body weight; in saline; intraperitoneally; once daily for 3 weeks) as drug control and the third group was saline pre-treated plus treated with a single injection of K2Cr2O7 (15 mg/kg, body weight; in saline; intraperitoneally) as toxicant group. The fourth group was PYC pre-treated plus K2Cr2O7 injected. Forty-eight hours after K2Cr2O7-treatment, blood was drawn for estimation of renal injury markers in serum. Rats were then sacrificed, and their kidneys were dissected for biochemical and histopathological assays. K2Cr2O7-treated rats showed significant increases in markers of renal injury in serum, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by PYC pre-treatment. Moreover, prophylactic pre-treatment of rats with PYC significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated increased thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), malonaldehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC), and decreased levels of glutathione (GSH) and catalase activity in the kidney homogenate of K2Cr2O7-treated rats. These results were also supported and confirmed with histopathological findings. The study suggests that PYC is effective in preventing K2Cr2O7-induced oxidative mediated nephrotoxicity, but more studies are needed to confirm the effects of PYC as a nephroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehkashan Parveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
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25
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Induction of heme oxygenase-1 protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions. Kidney Int 2009; 76:838-48. [PMID: 19657327 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2009.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an anti-oxidant enzyme normally upregulated in response to oxidant injury. Here we determined the role of HO-1 in podocyte apoptosis in glomeruli of streptozotocin-treated rats and in immortalized mouse podocytes cultured in media containing normal or high glucose. HO-1 expression, its activity, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein, and active caspase-3 fragments were all significantly higher in isolated glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose-treated podocytes. These increases were inhibited by zinc protoporphyrin treatment of the rats or by HO-1 siRNA treatment of the podocytes in culture. The number of apoptotic cells was also significantly increased in the glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose-treated podocytes. Inhibition of HO-1 accentuated the increase in apoptotic cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that HO-1 expression protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions.
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Becerra-Torres SL, Rodríguez-Vázquez ML, Medina-Ramírez IE, Jaramillo-Juárez F. Potassium dichromate-induced changes on urinary-specific activities of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alanine aminopeptidase enzymes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2009; 32:21-5. [PMID: 19514935 DOI: 10.1080/01480540802416190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity is evidenced by diminution in creatinine clearance, increase in urinary protein, and structural damage to the proximal tubules. Damage to tissue often leads to the release of enzymes from the injured cells into the extracellular fluids. The aim of this study was to establish whether potassium dichromate induces changes in the urinary-specific activities of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alanine aminopeptidase enzymes. Our results show that the administration of a single intraperitoneal dose of potassium dichromate decreased the activity of such enzymes in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lucio Becerra-Torres
- Departamentos de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.
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Heme oxygenase-1 prevents hyperthyroidism induced hepatic damage via an antioxidant and antiapoptotic pathway. J Surg Res 2009; 164:266-75. [PMID: 19665148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact pathogenesis of hepatic dysfunction in hyperthyroidism is still unknown. We aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of liver dysfunction caused by hyperthyroidism through inducing heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, which has antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. METHODS Rats were divided into six groups: untreated (group 1), treated with zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) (group 2), treated with hemin (group 3), treated with tri-iodothyronine (T3) (group 4), treated with T3 and ZnPP (group 5), and treated with T3 and hemin (group 6). After 22 d, oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes and the expression of HO-1, mitochondrial permeability transition, cytochrome c, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-3 activity, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay were examined. RESULTS Hyperthyroidism induced oxidative stress of liver tissue was ameliorated by HO-1 induction. Administration of hemin (HO-1 inducer) increased Bcl-2 expression. Decreased expression of cytochrome c was accompanied by a decrease in caspase-3, caspase-8, Bax expression, and caspase-3 activity. The apoptotic activity and oxidative damage were found to be increased by the administration of ZnPP (HO-1 inhibitor). Immunohistochemistry findings supported these results. CONCLUSION HO-1 induction plays a protective role in the pathogenesis of the liver dysfunction in hyperthyroidism. This effect is dependent on modulation of the antiapoptotic and antioxidative pathways by HO-1 expression.
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Manna P, Sinha M, Sil PC. Taurine plays a beneficial role against cadmium-induced oxidative renal dysfunction. Amino Acids 2009; 36:417-28. [PMID: 18414974 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study has been carried out to investigate the role of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a conditionally essential amino acid, in ameliorating cadmium-induced renal dysfunctions in mice. Cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) has been selected as the source of cadmium. Intraperitoneal administration of CdCl(2 )(at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight for 3 days) caused significant accumulation of cadmium in renal tissues and lessened kidney weight to body weight ratio. Cadmium administration reduced intracellular ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) of renal tissues. Levels of serum marker enzymes related to renal damage, creatinine and urea nitrogen (UN) have been elevated due to cadmium toxicity. Cadmium exposure diminished the activities of enzymatic antioxidants, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) as well as non-enzymatic antioxidant, reduced glutathione (GSH) and total thiols. On the other hand, the levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA fragmentation, concentration of superoxide radicals and activities of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP P450s) have been found to increase due to cadmium intoxication. Treatment with taurine (at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight for 5 days) before cadmium intoxication prevented the toxin-induced oxidative impairments in renal tissues. The beneficial role of taurine against cadmium-induced renal damage was supported from histological examination of renal segments. Vitamin C, a well-established antioxidant was used as the positive control in the study. Experimental evidence suggests that both taurine and vitamin C provide antioxidant defense against cadmium-induced renal oxidative injury. Combining all, results suggest that taurine protects murine kidneys against cadmium-induced oxidative impairments, probably via its antioxidative property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, 93/1, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
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Matos RC, Vieira C, Morais S, Pereira MDL, Pedrosa J. Nephrotoxicity effects of the wood preservative chromium copper arsenate on mice: histopathological and quantitative approaches. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2009; 23:224-30. [PMID: 19486832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chromium copper arsenate (CCA) was used for the protection of wood building materials until the restriction by EPA in 2002. During a short period of time 14-24h, a comparative nephrotoxicity study was performed regarding the effects of CCA and its compounds per se. Histopathological and histochemical features were correlated with the concentration of the total arsenic and chromium in mice kidney. Animals were subcutaneously injected with CCA (7.2mg/kg arsenic and 10.2mg/kg chromium per body weight), CrO3 (10.2mg/kg), As2O5 (7.2 mg/kg) and NaCl (0.9%) per se. The histopathological examination of the renal sections evidenced acute tubular necrosis in the groups of animals exposed to CCA (in both periods of time). Although the same contents of pentavalent arsenic and hexavalent chromium were injected in treated animals with CCA and with the prepared solutions of As2O5 and CrO3, the arsenic concentration on kidneys of CCA-exposed animals was much higher than those in animals exposed to As2O5 (32- and 28-fold higher at 14 and 24h, respectively). However, the elimination of chromium seems to occur similarly in the kidneys of animals treated with CCA and CrO(3)per se. Interactions among the components of CCA result in a marked decrease of the ability of kidney to eliminate simultaneously both analytes. The nephrotoxicity of CCA was higher than its components per se, evidencing a possible synergetic effect.
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Yam-Canul P, Chirino YI, Sánchez-González DJ, Martínez-Martínez CM, Cruz C, Pedraza-Chaverri J. PJ34, a Poly Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose Polymerase Inhibitor, Attenuates Chromate-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008; 102:483-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00224.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Piao XL, Cho EJ, Jang MH. Cytoprotective effect of baicalein against peroxynitrite-induced toxicity in LLC-PK1 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:1576-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2007] [Revised: 11/21/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sinha M, Manna P, Sil PC. Arjunolic acid attenuates arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 15:147-56. [PMID: 18434106 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2008.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2007] [Revised: 03/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is highly toxic naturally occurring element that affects numerous organ systems in humans. Present study was designed to investigate the preventive role of a triterpenoid saponin, arjunolic acid (AA) against arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity in mouse model. For this study, NaAsO(2) was chosen as the source of arsenic. Oral administration of NaAsO(2) at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight for 2 days caused significant accumulation of arsenic in renal tissues as well as altered the activities of serum markers, urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine, antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), level of cellular metabolites, reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and total thiols, level of lipid peroxidation end products and protein carbonyl content. Treatment with AA at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight for 4 days almost normalized above indices. Histological studies also indicated preventive role of AA against NaAsO(2)-induced nephrotoxicity. The radical scavenging activity and in vivo antioxidant power of AA were determined from its DPPH radical scavenging ability and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), respectively. A well-known antioxidant, vitamin C was used as positive control throughout the study. Combining all, results suggest that arsenic could cause kidney damage by inducing oxidative stress in mice and that could be prevented by AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahua Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, 93/1, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
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Yam-Canul P, Chirino YI, Sánchez-González DJ, Martínez-Martínez CM, Cruz C, Villanueva C, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid attenuates potassium dichromate-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:1089-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2007] [Revised: 10/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Fatima S, Mahmood R. Vitamin C attenuates potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity and alterations in renal brush border membrane enzymes and phosphate transport in rats. Clin Chim Acta 2007; 386:94-9. [PMID: 17822687 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2007.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Revised: 08/08/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to chromium compounds can result in nephrotoxicity. The administration of potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7)), a hexavalent chromium compound, results in impairment in functions of renal brush border membrane (BBM). METHODS The effect of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) on K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced nephrotoxicity, changes in BBM enzymes, Pi transport and the anti-oxidant status of rat kidney were studied. Animals were divided into 4 groups and were intraperitoneally given saline (control), vitamin C alone, K(2)Cr(2)O(7) alone and vitamin C plus K(2)Cr(2)O(7). Nephrotoxicity was evaluated by urea and creatinine levels in the serum. Anti-oxidant status was evaluated in kidney homogenates. RESULTS A single dose of K(2)Cr(2)O(7) (15 mg/kg body weight) resulted in an increase of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, increase in lipid peroxidation and decrease in total sulfhydryl groups. However, prior treatment with a single dose of vitamin C (250 mg/kg body weight) protected the kidney from the damaging effects of K(2)Cr(2)O(7). It greatly ameliorated the K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced nephrotoxicity and reduction in Pi transport, activities of catalase, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and BBM enzymes. This was accompanied by decrease in lipid peroxidation and recovery of sulfhydryl content of renal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin C is an effective chemoprotectant against K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced acute renal failure and dysfunction of the renal BBM in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
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Zhou Y, Vaidya VS, Brown RP, Zhang J, Rosenzweig BA, Thompson KL, Miller TJ, Bonventre JV, Goering PL. Comparison of kidney injury molecule-1 and other nephrotoxicity biomarkers in urine and kidney following acute exposure to gentamicin, mercury, and chromium. Toxicol Sci 2007; 101:159-70. [PMID: 17934191 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfm260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensitive biomarkers are needed to detect kidney injury at the earliest stages. The objective of this study was to determine whether the appearance of kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) protein ectodomain in urine and kidney injury molecule-1/hepatitis A viral cellular receptor-1 (Kim-1/Havcr1) gene expression in kidney tissue may be more predictive of renal injury after exposure to nephrotoxicants when compared to traditionally used biomarkers. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with a range of doses of gentamicin, mercury (Hg; HgCl2), or chromium (Cr; K2Cr2O7). The results showed that increases in urinary Kim-1 and kidney Kim-1/Havcr1 gene expression paralleled the degree of severity of renal histopathology and were detected at lower doses of nephrotoxicants when compared to blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). In a time course study, urinary Kim-1 was elevated within 24 h after exposure to gentamicin (100 mg/kg), Hg (0.25 mg/kg), or Cr (5 mg/kg) and remained elevated through 72 h. NAG responses were nephrotoxicant dependent with elevations occurring early (gentamicin), late (Cr), or no change (Hg). At 72 h, after treatment with any of the three nephrotoxicants, there was increased Kim-1 immunoreactivity and necrosis involving approximately 50% of the proximal tubules; however, only urinary Kim-1 was significantly increased, while BUN, serum creatinine, and NAG were not different from controls. In rats treated with the hepatotoxicant galactosamine (1.1 mg/kg), serum alanine aminotransferase was increased, but no increase in urinary Kim-1 was observed. Urinary Kim-1 and kidney Kim-1/Havcr1 expression appear to be sensitive and tissue-specific biomarkers that will improve detection of early acute kidney injury following exposure to nephrotoxic chemicals and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhao Zhou
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak Life Sciences Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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Medina-Campos ON, Barrera D, Segoviano-Murillo S, Rocha D, Maldonado PD, Mendoza-Patiño N, Pedraza-Chaverri J. S-allylcysteine scavenges singlet oxygen and hypochlorous acid and protects LLC-PK1 cells of potassium dichromate-induced toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:2030-9. [PMID: 17576034 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Revised: 04/04/2007] [Accepted: 05/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been found that S-allylcysteine (SAC), a garlic-derived compound, has in vivo and in vitro antioxidant properties. In addition, it is known that SAC is able to scavenge different reactive oxygen or nitrogen species including superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), hydroxyl radical (OH()), and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO(-)) although the IC(5O) values for each reactive species has not been calculated and the potential ability of SAC to scavenge singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) has not been explored. The purposes of this work was (a) to explore the potential ability of SAC to scavenge (1)O(2) and HOCl, (b) to further characterize the O(2)(-), H(2)O(2), OH(), and ONOO(-) scavenging ability of SAC by measuring the IC(50) values using in vitro assays, and (c) to explore the potential ability of SAC to ameliorate the potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7))-induced cytotoxicity in LLC-PK1 cells in which oxidative stress is involved. The scavenging activity was compared against the following reference compounds: N-acetylcysteine for O(2)(-), sodium pyruvate for H(2)O(2), dimethylthiourea for OH(), lipoic acid and glutathione for (1)O(2), lipoic acid for HOCl, and penicillamine for ONOO(-). It was found that SAC was able to scavenge concentration-dependently all the species assayed with the following IC(5O) (mean+/-SEM, mM): O(2)(-) (14.49+/-1.67), H(2)O(2) (68+/-1.92), OH() (0.68+/-0.06), (1)O(2) (1.93+/-0.27), HOCl (2.86+/-0.15), and ONOO(-) (0.80+/-0.05). When the ability of SAC to scavenge these species was compared to those of the reference compounds it was found that the efficacy of SAC (a) to scavenge O(2)(-), H(2)O(2), OH(), and ONOO(-) was lower, (b) to scavenge HOCl was similar, and (c) to scavenge (1)O(2) was higher. In addition, it was found that SAC was able to prevent K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced toxicity in LLC-PK1 cells in culture. It was showed for the first time that SAC is able to scavenge (1)O(2) and HOCl and to ameliorate the K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio F, Sequndo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, D.F., Mexico
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Pedraza-Chaverri J, Yam-Canul P, Chirino YI, Sánchez-González DJ, Martínez-Martínez CM, Cruz C, Medina-Campos ON. Protective effects of garlic powder against potassium dichromate-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 46:619-27. [PMID: 17950512 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2007] [Revised: 09/08/2007] [Accepted: 09/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7))-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress. In the present work the effect of garlic powder, a recognized antioxidant, on K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress was studied. Rats were fed a 2% garlic powder diet for 1 month. A single injection of K(2)Cr(2)O(7) (15 mg/kg) to rats induced tubule interstitial damage and an increase in the following markers of renal injury 2 days later: blood urea nitrogen (4.6-fold), serum creatinine (9.7-fold), proteinuria (35.9-fold), urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (12.9-fold) and glutathione-S-transferase (2.3-fold) and a decrease of 65% in serum glutathione peroxidase activity. In addition, K(2)Cr(2)O(7) injection increased the following nitrosative and oxidative stress markers in kidney: 3-nitrotyrosine (1.9-fold), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (2.1-fold), malondialdehyde (1.8-fold) and protein carbonyl content (1.7-fold). It was found that garlic powder feeding was able to prevent by 44-71% the alterations in the markers of renal injury studied, by 55% the histological damage, and by 47-100% the increase in markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress. It is concluded that the ability of garlic powder to ameliorate K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced renal injury is associated with its antioxidant properties. Our data support the use of garlic powder as a renoprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio F, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 D.F., Mexico.
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Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Medina-Campos ON, Segoviano-Murillo S. Effect of heating on peroxynitrite scavenging capacity of garlic. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:622-7. [PMID: 17126976 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2006] [Revised: 10/16/2006] [Accepted: 10/18/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to scavenge peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) was studied in the following aqueous garlic extracts: (a) unheated extract of garlic powder (GP), (b) heated extract of garlic powder (HGP), (c) unheated extract of raw garlic (RG), (d) heated extract of raw garlic (HRG), (e) extract of boiled garlic cloves (BG), (f) extract of microwave-treated garlic cloves (MG), and (g) extract of pickled garlic (PG). All the extracts scavenged ONOO(-) in a concentration-dependent way. IC(50) (mg/mL) values for each extract were 0.30+/-0.02 and 0.35+/-0.04 for GP and HGP, respectively; and 0.84+/-0.08, 0.59+/-0.04, 0.76+/-0.09, 1.71+/-0.19, and 1.45+/-0.07 for RG, HRG, BG, MG, and PG, respectively. The ONOO(-) scavenging capacity (IC(50) values) was not decreased in HGP (vs. GP, p>0.05) and in HRG and BG (p>0.05 vs. RG). In contrast, the ONOO(-) scavenging capacity decreased in MG and PG (vs. RG, p<0.001). The IC(50) values for the reference compounds nordihydroguiaretic acid and penicillamine were 1.1 and 4.5mug/mL. The heating before or after garlic cutting was unable to eliminate the capacity of the extracts to scavenge ONOO(-); this capacity was significantly decreased in PG and MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Edificio F, Segundo Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510 México DF, Mexico.
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Orozco-Ibarra M, Medina-Campos ON, Sánchez-González DJ, Martínez-Martínez CM, Floriano-Sánchez E, Santamaría A, Ramirez V, Bobadilla NA, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Evaluation of oxidative stress in d-serine induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 2007; 229:123-35. [PMID: 17110013 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2006] [Revised: 10/06/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that oxidative stress is involved in d-serine-induced nephrotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to assess if oxidative stress is involved in this experimental model using several approaches including (a) the determination of several markers of oxidative stress and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes in kidney and (b) the use of compounds with antioxidant or prooxidant effects. Rats were sacrificed at several periods of time (from 3 to 24h) after a single i.p. injection of d-serine (400mg/kg). Control rats were injected with l-serine (400mg/kg) and sacrificed 24h after. The following markers were used to assess the temporal aspects of renal damage: (a) urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in blood serum, (b) kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) mRNA levels, and (c) tubular necrotic damage. In addition, creatinine clearance, proteinuria, and urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) were measured 24h after d-serine injection. Protein carbonyl content, malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), fluorescent products of lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) content, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression were measured as markers of oxidative stress in the kidney. Additional experiments were performed using the following compounds with antioxidant or pro-oxidant effects before d-serine injection: (a) alpha-phenyl-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN), a spin trapping agent; (b) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato iron(III) (FeTPPS), a soluble complex able to metabolize peroxynitrite; (c) aminotriazole (ATZ), a catalase (CAT) inhibitor; (d) stannous chloride (SnCl(2)), an HO-1 inductor; (e) tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP), an HO inhibitor. In the time-course study, serum creatinine and BUN increased significantly on 15-24 and 20-24h, respectively, and KIM-1 mRNA levels increased significantly on 6-24h. Histological analyses revealed tubular necrosis at 12h. The activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase remained unchanged at all times studied. Protein carbonyl content, MDA, 4-HNE, and ROS remained unchanged at all time-points studied. GSH content decreased transiently on 9 and 12h. Interestingly, fluorescent products of lipid peroxidation decreased significantly on 3-24h. HO-1 expression was undetectable by Western blot and the immunohistochemistry studies revealed that the intensity of HO-1 staining was weak. The administration of PBN, FeTPPS, ATZ, SnCl(2), and SnMP did not prevent or enhance renal damage induced by d-serine. Our data taken as a whole suggest that oxidative stress is not involved in the early phase of the nephrotoxicity induced by d-serine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Orozco-Ibarra
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, DF, Mexico
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Nath KA. Heme oxygenase-1: a provenance for cytoprotective pathways in the kidney and other tissues. Kidney Int 2006; 70:432-43. [PMID: 16775600 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5001565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the degradation of heme, converting heme to biliverdin, during which iron is released and carbon monoxide (CO) is emitted; biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. At least two isozymes possess HO activity: HO-1 represents the isozyme induced by diverse stressors, including ischemia, nephrotoxins, cytokines, endotoxin, oxidants, and vasoactive substances; HO-2 is the constitutive, glucocorticoid-inducible isozyme. HO-1 is upregulated in the kidney in assorted conditions and diseases. Interest in HO is driven by the capacity of this system to protect the kidney against injury, a capacity likely reflecting, at least in part, the cytoprotective properties of its products: in relatively low concentrations, CO exerts vasorelaxant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects while bile pigments are antioxidant and anti-inflammatory metabolites. This article reviews the HO system and the extent to which it influences the function of the healthy kidney; it summarizes conditions and stimuli that elicit HO-1 in the kidney; and it explores the significance of renal expression of HO-1 as induced by ischemia, nephrotoxins, nephritides, transplantation, angiotensin II, and experimental diabetes. This review also points out the tissue specificity of the HO system, and the capacity of HO-1 to induce renal injury in certain settings. Studies of HO in other tissues are discussed insofar as they aid in elucidating the physiologic and pathophysiologic significance of the HO system in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Nath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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Kim JH, Yang JI, Jung MH, Hwa JS, Kang KR, Kang KR, Park DJ, Roh GS, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Chang SH. Heme oxygenase-1 protects rat kidney from ureteral obstruction via an antiapoptotic pathway. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17:1373-81. [PMID: 16597687 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2005091001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the functional significance of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression on renal injury induced by ureteral obstruction in the rat kidney. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups, after which unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was performed: untreated (group 1), treated with 30 mg/kg body wt hemin (group 2), and treated with 50 microg/kg body wt zinc (alpha) protoporphyrin eta (ZnPP) and 30 mg/kg hemin (group 3). After 7 and 14 d, histologic changes and the expression of HO-1, Bcl-2, Bad, TGF-beta, and cleaved caspase-3 were examined. Tubular lumens were dilated and epithelial cells were flattened on day 7 after UUO. Interstitial fibrosis and separation of the tubules were markedly increased on day 14. In contrast, the kidneys that were treated with hemin exhibited minimal interstitial fibrosis and flattening of epithelial cells on day 7 and fewer changes on day 14 than in the controls. However, treatment with ZnPP, an inhibitor of HO enzyme activity, eliminated the beneficial effect of hemin on interstitial fibrosis and tubular dilation. Increased HO-1 expression was associated with increased Bcl-2. In the ZnPP-treated rats, Bcl-2 signals were decreased compared with the hemin group. The level of proapoptotic Bad was not changed in any group. The positive cells for cleaved caspase-3 were significantly increased in renal tubular epithelial cells and tubulointerstitial cells in the obstructed rats, and hemin treatment decreased the caspase-3 activation. This study demonstrates that upregulation of HO-1 provides protection against renal injury that follows UUO. This effect is dependent on modulation of the antiapoptotic pathway by HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Chilam-dong 92, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-751, Republic of Korea
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El-Demerdash FM, Yousef MI, Zoheir MA. Stannous chloride induces alterations in enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation and histopathology in male rabbit: antioxidant role of vitamin C. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 43:1743-52. [PMID: 16051410 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2005] [Revised: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 05/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Stannous chloride (SnCl2) is widely used in daily human life to conserve soft drinks, in food manufacturing and biocidal preparations. It had genotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity and oxidative stress. Therefore, the present experiment was carried out to determine the effectiveness of l-ascorbic acid (AA) in alleviating the toxicity of SnCl2 on some enzyme activities and oxidative damage in male New Zealand white rabbits. Six rabbits per group were assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: 0 mg AA and 0 mg SnCl2/kg BW (control); 40 mg AA/kg BW; 20 mg SnCl2/kg BW (1/500 LD50); 20 mg SnCl2 plus 40 mg AA/kg BW. Rabbits were orally administered the respective doses every other day for 12 weeks. Liver and kidney specimens were processed for histopathologic studies. Results obtained showed that SnCl2 significantly (P < 0.05) induced free radicals in rabbit liver, testes, kidney, lung, brain and heart. While, the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and the level of sulfhydryl groups (SH-group) were decreased (P < 0.05) in all tested organs except brain and heart. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was increased (P < 0.05) in liver and decreased in testes, but alanine aminotransferase (ALT) did not change. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (AlP) and acid phosphatase (AcP) were decreased (P < 0.05) in liver, testes, kidney and lung. Also, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was significantly decreased in brain and plasma of rabbits treated with SnCl2 compared to control group. Histopathologic studies showed marked changes in hepatocytes as well as proliferation of duct epithelium, dilatation and congestion of blood vessels as well as mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. The kidney were also severely affected by SnCl2 the Bowman's space was increased, with infiltration of renal parenchyma by mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and changes in cells lining convoluted tubule. Ascorbic acid alone significantly decreased the levels of free radicals, and increased the activity of GST and the levels of SH groups in tested organs except brain and heart. While, the rest of the tested parameters were not affected. Results showed that AA alleviated the harmful effects of SnCl2. This was proved histopathologically by the great improvement in liver and kidney histology where hepatocytes retained normal architecture with mild dilatation and congestion of blood vessels. Bowman's space of kidney was almost normal, with normal lining of proximal and distal convoluted tubules. In conclusion AA could be effective in the protection against stannous chloride toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.
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Tenorio-Velázquez VM, Barrera D, Franco M, Tapia E, Hernández-Pando R, Medina-Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Hypothyroidism attenuates protein tyrosine nitration, oxidative stress and renal damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion: effect unrelated to antioxidant enzymes activities. BMC Nephrol 2005; 6:12. [PMID: 16274486 PMCID: PMC1291371 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-6-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2005] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been established that hypothyroidism protects rats against renal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) oxidative damage. However, it is not clear if hypothyroidism is able to prevent protein tyrosine nitration, an index of nitrosative stress, induced by IR or if antioxidant enzymes have involved in this protective effect. In this work it was explored if hypothyroidism is able to prevent the increase in nitrosative and oxidative stress induced by IR. In addition the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase was studied. Control and thyroidectomized (HTX) rats were studied 24 h of reperfusion after 60 min ischemia. Methods Male Wistar rats weighing 380 ± 22 g were subjected to surgical thyroidectomy. Rats were studied 15 days after surgery. Euthyroid sham-operated rats were used as controls (CT). Both groups of rats underwent a right kidney nephrectomy and suffered a 60 min left renal ischemia with 24 h of reperfusion. Rats were divided in four groups: CT, HTX, IR and HTX+IR. Rats were sacrificed and samples of plasma and kidney were obtained. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were measured in blood plasma. Kidney damage was evaluated by histological analysis. Oxidative stress was measured by immunohistochemical localization of protein carbonyls and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal modified proteins. The protein carbonyl content was measured using antibodies against dinitrophenol (DNP)-modified proteins. Nitrosative stress was measured by immunohistochemical analysis of 3-nitrotyrosine modified proteins. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase was measured by spectrophotometric methods. Multiple comparisons were performed with ANOVA followed by Bonferroni t test. Results The histological damage and the rise in plasma creatinine and BUN induced by IR were significantly lower in HTX+IR group. The increase in protein carbonyls and in 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal modified proteins was prevented in HTX+IR group. IR-induced decrease in renal antioxidant enzymes was essentially not prevented by HTX in HTX+IR group. Conclusion Hypothyroidism was able to prevent not only oxidative but also nitrosative stress induced by IR. In addition, the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase seem not to play a protective role in this experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica M Tenorio-Velázquez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
- Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano #1, Col. Sección XVI, 14080, Tlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Diana Barrera
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Martha Franco
- Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano #1, Col. Sección XVI, 14080, Tlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano #1, Col. Sección XVI, 14080, Tlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Departamento de Patología, 14000, México, D.F., México
| | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
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Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Barrera D, Medina-Campos ON, Carvajal RC, Hernández-Pando R, Macías-Ruvalcaba NA, Maldonado PD, Salcedo MI, Tapia E, Saldívar L, Castilla ME, Ibarra-Rubio ME. Time course study of oxidative and nitrosative stress and antioxidant enzymes in K2Cr2O7-induced nephrotoxicity. BMC Nephrol 2005; 6:4. [PMID: 15854231 PMCID: PMC1142323 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-6-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2004] [Accepted: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with oxidative and nitrosative stress. In this study we investigated the relation between the time course of the oxidative and nitrosative stress with kidney damage and alterations in the following antioxidant enzymes: Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD), Mn-SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (CAT). Methods Nephrotoxicity was induced in rats by a single injection of K2Cr2O7. Groups of animals were sacrificed on days 1,2,3,4,6,8,10, and 12. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated by histological studies and by measuring creatinine clearance, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and total protein. Oxidative and nitrosative stress were measured by immunohistochemical localization of protein carbonyls and 3-nitrotyrosine, respectively. Cu, Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and CAT were studied by immunohistochemical localization. The activity of total SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR was also measured as well as serum and kidney content of chromium and urinary excretion of NO2 -/NO3-. Data were compared by two-way analysis of variance followed by a post hoc test. Results Serum and kidney chromium content increased reaching the highest value on day 1. Nephrotoxicity was made evident by the decrease in creatinine clearance (days 1–4) and by the increase in serum creatinine (days 1–4), BUN (days 1–6), urinary excretion of NAG (days 1–4), and total protein (day 1–6) and by the structural damage to the proximal tubules (days 1–6). Oxidative and nitrosative stress were clearly evident on days 1–8. Urinary excretion of NO2-/NO3- decreased on days 2–6. Mn-SOD and Cu, Zn-SOD, estimated by immunohistochemistry, and total SOD activity remained unchanged. Activity of GPx decreased on days 3–12 and those of GR and CAT on days 2–10. Similar findings were observed by immunohistochemistry of CAT. Conclusion These data show the association between oxidative and nitrosative stress with functional and structural renal damage induced by K2Cr2O7. Renal antioxidant enzymes were regulated differentially and were not closely associated with oxidative or nitrosative stress or with kidney damage. In addition, the decrease in the urinary excretion of NO2-/NO3- was associated with the renal nitrosative stress suggesting that nitric oxide was derived to the formation of reactive nitrogen species involved in protein nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Diana Barrera
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Omar N Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Raymundo C Carvajal
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Departamento de Patología, 14000, México, D.F., México
| | - Norma A Macías-Ruvalcaba
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Laboratorio 124, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Perla D Maldonado
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Marcos I Salcedo
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano #1, Col Sección XVI, 14080 Tlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Liliana Saldívar
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - María E Castilla
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - María E Ibarra-Rubio
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
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Wesseling S, Ishola DA, Joles JA, Bluyssen HA, Koomans HA, Braam B. Resistance to oxidative stress by chronic infusion of angiotensin II in mouse kidney is not mediated by the AT2 receptor. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2005; 288:F1191-200. [PMID: 15727990 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00322.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild-type mice are resistant to ANG II-induced renal injury and hence form an attractive model to study renal defense against ANG II. The present study tested whether ANG II induces expression of antioxidative genes via the AT2 receptor in renal cortex and thereby counteracts prooxidative forces. ANG II was infused in female C57BL/6J mice for 28 days and a subgroup received AT2 receptor antagonist (PD-123,319) for the last 3 days. ANG II induced hypertension and aortic hypertrophy; proteinuria and renal injury were absent. Urinary nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) were decreased, and lipid peroxide (TBARS) excretion remained unchanged. Expression of NADPH oxidase components was decreased in renal cortex but induced in aorta. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was induced in both renal cortex and aorta. In contrast, ANG II suggestively increased AT2 receptor expression in kidney but not in aorta. AT2 receptor blockade enhanced hypertension in ANG II-infused mice, reversed ANG II effects on NOx excretion, but did not affect TBARS. Despite its prohypertensive effect, expression of prooxidative genes in the renal cortex decreased rather than increased after short-term AT2 receptor blockade and renal HO-1 induction after ANG II was normalized. Thus chronic ANG II infusion in mice induces hypertension but not oxidative stress. In contrast to the response in aorta, gene expression of components of NADPH-oxidase was not enhanced in renal cortex. Although ANG II administration induced renal cortical AT2 receptor expression, blockade of that receptor did not unveil the AT2 receptor as intrarenal dampening factor of prooxidative forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Wesseling
- Dept. Nephrology and Hypertension F03.223, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Santiago-López D, Vázquez-Román B, Pérez-de La Cruz V, Barrera D, Rembao D, Salinas-Lara C, Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Galván-Arzate S, Ali SF, Santamaría A. Peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst, iron metalloporphyrin, reduces quinolinate-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Synapse 2005; 54:233-8. [PMID: 15484207 DOI: 10.1002/syn.20084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Santiago-López
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores/Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, México D.F. 14269, Mexico
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Abstract
Oxidative stress, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic renal injury, degrades heme proteins, such as cytochrome P450, and causes the elevation in the level of cellular free heme, which can catalyze the formation of reactive oxygen species. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation, is induced not only by its substrate, heme, but also by oxidative stress. In various models of oxidative tissue injuries, the induction of HO-1 confers protection on tissues from further damages by removing the prooxidant heme, or by virtue of the antioxidative, antiinflammatory, and/or antiapoptotic actions of one or more of the three products, i.e., carbon monoxide, biliverdin IXalpha, and iron by HO reaction. In contrast, the abrogation of HO-1 induction, or chemical inhibition of HO activity, abolishes its beneficial effect on the protection of tissues from oxidative damages. In this article, we review the protective role of HO-1 in renal ischemic injury, and its potential therapeutic applications. In addition, we summarize recent findings in the regulatory mechanism of ho-1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Takahashi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Chirino YI, Hernández-Pando R, Pedraza-Chaverrí J. Peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst ameliorates renal damage and protein nitration in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. BMC Pharmacol 2004; 4:20. [PMID: 15458572 PMCID: PMC526185 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2210-4-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2004] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is involved in cisplatin-nephrotoxicity. However, it has not completely established if reactive nitrogen species and nitrosative stress are involved in this experimental model. The purpose of this work was to study the role of peroxynitrite, a reactive nitrogen specie, in cisplatin-nephrotoxicity using the compound 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato iron (III) (FeTPPS), a soluble complex able to metabolize peroxynitrite. Results In rats treated with cisplatin (a single intraperitoneal dose of 7.5 mg/kg body weight), renal nitrosative stress was made evident by the increase in 3-nitrotyrosine on day 3. In addition, cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was evident by the histological damage of proximal tubular cells and by the increase in (a) serum creatinine, (b) blood urea nitrogen, and (c) urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and total protein. Cisplatin-induced nitrosative stress and nephrotoxicity were attenuated by FeTPPS-treatment (15 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally, every 12 hours for 3 days). Conclusions Nitrosative stress is involved in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Our data suggest that peroxynitrite is involved, at least in part, in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and protein nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda I Chirino
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Lab 209, Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM, México D.F. México
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" 14000, México, D.F. México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Lab 209, Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM, México D.F. México
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Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Maldonado PD, Barrera D, Cerón A, Medina-Campos ON, Hernández-Pando R. Protective effect of diallyl sulfide on oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2004; 254:125-30. [PMID: 14674690 DOI: 10.1023/a:1027372102135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic whose clinical use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. Experimental evidences suggest a role of reactive oxygen species in GM-induced nephrotoxicity. In this work we explored the effect of diallyl sulfide (DAS), a garlic-derived compound with antioxidant properties, on GM-induced nephrotoxicity. Four groups of rats were studied: (1) Control, treated intragastrically with olive oil as a vehicle, (2) GM, treated subcutaneously with GM (125 mg/kg/day for 4 days), (3) DAS, treated intragastrically with DAS (50 mg/kg/day for 4 days), and (4) GM + DAS. Nephrotoxicity was made evident by: (1) the increase in creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in serum, (2) the increase in urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and total protein, and (3) necrosis of proximal tubular cells. These functional and structural alterations were prevented or ameliorated by DAS treatment. In addition, GM increased levels of renal oxidative stress markers nitrotyrosine and protein carbonyl groups which were also ameliorated by DAS in GM + DAS group. The mechanism by which DAS has a protective effect on GM-induced nephrotoxicity may be related, at least in part, to the decrease in oxidative stress in renal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico.
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50
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Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Barrera D, Maldonado PD, Chirino YI, Macías-Ruvalcaba NA, Medina-Campos ON, Castro L, Salcedo MI, Hernández-Pando R. S-allylmercaptocysteine scavenges hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen in vitro and attenuates gentamicin-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and renal damage in vivo. BMC CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2004; 4:5. [PMID: 15119956 PMCID: PMC419708 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6904-4-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2004] [Accepted: 04/30/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Oxidative and nitrosative stress have been involved in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of S-allylmercaptocysteine, a garlic derived compound, on gentamicin-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and nephrotoxicity. In addition, the in vitro reactive oxygen species scavenging properties of S-allylmercaptocysteine were studied. Results S-allylmercaptocysteine was able to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen in vitro. In rats treated with gentamicin (70 mg/Kg body weight, subcutaneously, every 12 h, for 4 days), renal oxidative stress was made evident by the increase in protein carbonyl content and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and the nitrosative stress was made evident by the increase in 3-nitrotyrosine. In addition, gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity was evident by the: (1) decrease in creatinine clearance and in activity of circulating glutathione peroxidase, and (2) increase in urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, and (3) necrosis of proximal tubular cells. Gentamicin-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and nephrotoxicity were attenuated by S-allylmercaptocysteine treatment (100 mg/Kg body weight, intragastrically, 24 h before the first dose of gentamicin and 50 mg/Kg body weight, intragastrically, every 12 h, for 4 days along gentamicin-treatment). Conclusion In conclusion, S-allylmercaptocysteine is able to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen in vitro and to ameliorate the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative and nitrosative stress in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Diana Barrera
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Perla D Maldonado
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Norma A Macías-Ruvalcaba
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Laboratorio 124, Departmento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Omar N Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Leticia Castro
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Marcos I Salcedo
- Facultad de Química, Edificio B, Segundo Piso, Laboratorio 209, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Departmento de Patología, 14000, México, D.F., México
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