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Kinkéliba ( Combretum micranthum) Leaf Extract Alleviates Skin Inflammation: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041791. [PMID: 36838778 PMCID: PMC9964726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum, Seh-Haw in Wolof) is a popular bush tea in West African countries. Although the kinkéliba plant's leaves have been widely consumed for its nutritional and medicinal properties, its benefits on skin health potential have been practically untouched. In human epidermal primary keratinocytes, vitexin and isovitexin-rich kinkéliba extract treatment significantly (p < 0.001) enhanced up to 39.6% of the cell survival rate decreased by UV radiation irritation. The treatment of kinkéliba leaf extracts also reduced the production of UV-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 by 57.6% and 42.5%, respectively (p < 0.001), which cause skin redness and skin barrier dysfunction, as well as wrinkles and collagen degradation. The anti-inflammation efficacy of kinkéliba leaf extracts might involve significant inhibition on the levels of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (-70.8%, p < 0.001) and nitrotyrosine (-56.9%, p < 0.05). Further topical applications of kinkéliba leaf extract gel were found to reduce sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-induced skin inflammation: at D7, the skin trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin redness (a* value) were both reduced by 59.81% (p < 0.001) and 22.4% (p < 0.001), compared with D0. In vitro and in vivo data support a new topical application of the kinkéliba leaf as an effective active ingredient for the treatment of skin inflammation, as well as subsequent barrier dysfunction and inflammaging.
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Ali HM, Hotan Alsohaimi I, Nayl A, Essawy AA, Gamal M, Ibrahim H. A new ultrasensitive platform based on f-GCNFs@nano-CeO2 core-shell nanocomposite for electrochemical sensing of oxidative stress biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine in presence of uric acid and tyrosine. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pérez‐Márquez LA, Perretti MD, García‐Rodríguez R, Lahoz F, Carrillo R. A Fluorescent Cage for Supramolecular Sensing of 3‐Nitrotyrosine in Human Blood Serum. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205403. [PMID: 35511212 PMCID: PMC9401051 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
3‐Nitrotyrosine (NT) is generated by the action of peroxynitrite and other reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and as a consequence it is accumulated in inflammation‐associated conditions. This is particularly relevant in kidney disease, where NT concentration in blood is considerably high. Therefore, NT is a crucial biomarker of renal damage, although it has been underestimated in clinical diagnosis due to the lack of an appropriate sensing method. Herein we report the first fluorescent supramolecular sensor for such a relevant compound: Fluorescence by rotational restriction of tetraphenylethenes (TPE) in a covalent cage is selectively quenched in human blood serum by 3‐nitrotyrosine (NT) that binds to the cage with high affinity, allowing a limit of detection within the reported physiological concentrations of NT in chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia A. Pérez‐Márquez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC) Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3 38206 La Laguna Spain
| | - Marcelle D. Perretti
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC) Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3 38206 La Laguna Spain
| | - Raúl García‐Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias Campus Miguel Delibes Universidad de Valladolid 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Fernando Lahoz
- Departamento de Física, IUdEA Universidad de La Laguna 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna Tenerife Spain
| | - Romen Carrillo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC) Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3 38206 La Laguna Spain
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Pérez-Márquez LA, Perretti MD, García-Rodríguez R, Lahoz F, Carrillo R. A Fluorescent Cage for Supramolecular Sensing of 3‐Nitrotyrosine in Human Blood Serum. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ana Pérez-Márquez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología: Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia Molecular Sciences SPAIN
| | - Marcelle Dayana Perretti
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología: Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia Molecular Sciences SPAIN
| | | | - Fernando Lahoz
- Universidad de La Laguna Facultad de Física: Universidad de La Laguna Facultad de Fisica Departamento de Física SPAIN
| | - Romen Carrillo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología: Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia Ciencias Moleculares Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 38206 La Laguna SPAIN
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Williams JK, Smallwood MJ, Benjamin N, D'Souza RJ, Shore AC, Winyard PG, Gilchrist M. Renal nitrate clearance in chronic kidney disease. Nitric Oxide 2020; 97:16-19. [PMID: 32007629 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) is rapidly oxidised in humans to nitrite and nitrate, with nitrate being present in much greater abundance. These oxidation products can be recycled back into nitric oxide via a complex entero-salivary pathway, thus preserving NO activity. Approximately 65% of circulating nitrate is excreted in the urine in 48 h, with the excretory pathway of the remainder unknown. The effect of declining renal function on nitrate clearance is unknown METHODS: Forty five subjects, 21 M, 24F, median age 69 (range 27-75 years) with renal function assessed by CKD-EPI eGFR between 9 and 89 ml/min/1.73 m2 completed the study. Following a 24 h low nitrate diet a microplate spectrophotometric method was employed to measure plasma nitrate concentration and 24 h urinary nitrate excretion were measured to determine renal nitrate clearance. RESULTS There was a strong positive correlation between urinary nitrate clearance and eGFR, (Spearman R = 0.7665, p < 0.0001) with a moderate negative correlation between plasma nitrate concentration and CKD-EPI eGFR, (Spearman's R = -0.37, p = 0.012). There was a trend between fractional excretion of nitrate and CKD-EPI eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) Spearman's R 0.27, p = 0.07 though this did not reach statistical significance. Plasma nitrate concentration and serum creatinine concentration were positively correlated, Spearman's R = 0.39, p = 0.008. CONCLUSIONS We have observed a strong positive association between renal nitrate clearance and renal function such that plasma nitrate rises as renal function falls. Fractional excretion of nitrate appears to decline as renal function falls. As such, urinary nitrate excretion is unlikely to be a reliable marker of endogenous NO synthesis in settings where renal function is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Williams
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, EX2 5AX, UK
| | - M J Smallwood
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, EX2 5AX, UK
| | - N Benjamin
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, EX2 5AX, UK
| | - R J D'Souza
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, EX2 5AX, UK
| | - A C Shore
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, EX2 5AX, UK
| | - P G Winyard
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, EX2 5AX, UK
| | - M Gilchrist
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, EX2 5AX, UK.
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Knight AR, Taylor EL, Lukaszewski R, Jensen KT, Jones HE, Carré JE, Isupov MN, Littlechild JA, Bailey SJ, Brewer E, McDonald TJ, Pitt AR, Spickett CM, Winyard PG. A high-sensitivity electrochemiluminescence-based ELISA for the measurement of the oxidative stress biomarker, 3-nitrotyrosine, in human blood serum and cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:246-254. [PMID: 29555590 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The generation of 3-nitrotyrosine, within proteins, is a post-translational modification resulting from oxidative or nitrative stress. It has been suggested that this modification could be used as a biomarker for inflammatory diseases. Despite the superiority of mass spectrometry-based determinations of nitrotyrosine, in a high-throughput clinical setting the measurement of nitrotyrosine by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is likely to be more cost-effective. ELISAs offer an alternative means to detect nitrotyrosine, but many commercially available ELISAs are insufficiently sensitive to detect nitrotyrosine in healthy human serum. Here, we report the development, validation and clinical application of a novel electrochemiluminescence-based ELISA for nitrotyrosine which provides superior sensitivity (e.g. a 50-fold increase in sensitivity compared with one of the tested commercial colorimetric ELISAs). This nitrotyrosine ELISA has the following characteristics: a lower limit of quantitation of 0.04 nM nitrated albumin equivalents; intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation of 6.5% and 11.3%, respectively; a mean recovery of 106 ± 3% and a mean linearity of 0.998 ± 0.001. Far higher nitration levels were measured in normal human blood cell populations when compared to plasma. Mass spectrometry was used to validate the new ELISA method. The analysis of the same set of chemically modified albumin samples using the ELISA method and mass spectrometry showed good agreement for the relative levels of nitration present in each sample. The assay was applied to serum samples from patients undergoing elective surgery which induces the human inflammatory response. Matched samples were collected before and one day after surgery. An increase in nitration was detected following surgery (median (IQR): 0.59 (0.00-1.34) and 0.97 (0.00-1.70) nitrotyrosine (fmol of nitrated albumin equivalents/mg protein) for pre- and post-surgery respectively. The reported assay is suitable for nitrotyrosine determination in patient serum samples, and may also be applicable as a means to determine oxidative stress in primary and cultured cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie R Knight
- University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Emma L Taylor
- University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | | | - Karina Tveen Jensen
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Helen E Jones
- CBR Division, Dstl, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UK
| | - Jane E Carré
- University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Michail N Isupov
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Jennifer A Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Stephen J Bailey
- Sport and Health Sciences, Richards Building, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Emily Brewer
- Clinical Chemistry, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Timothy J McDonald
- Clinical Chemistry, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Andrew R Pitt
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Corinne M Spickett
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Paul G Winyard
- University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
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Mitigating peroxynitrite mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in aged rat brain by mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ. Biogerontology 2018; 19:271-286. [PMID: 29774505 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species mediated oxidative stress is a well-documented mechanism of aging, recent evidences indicate involvement of nitrosative stress in the same. As mitochondrial dysfunction is considered as one of the primary features of aging, the present study was designed to understand the involvement of nitrosative stress by studying the impact of a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ, a peroxynitrite (ONOO-) scavenger, on mitochondrial functions. Four groups of rats were included in this study: Group I: Young-6 months (-MitoQ), Group II: Aged-22 months (- MitoQ), Group III: Young-6 months (+ MitoQ), Group IV: Aged-22 months (+ MitoQ). The rats belonging to group III and IV were treated with oral administration of MitoQ (500 μM) daily through drinking water for 5 weeks. MitoQ efficiently suppressed synaptosomal lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation accompanied by diminution of nitrite production and protein bound 3-nitrotyrosine. MitoQ normalized enhanced caspase 3 and 9 activities in aged rat brains and efficiently reversed ONOO- mediated mitochondrial complex I and IV inhibition, restored mitochondrial ATP production and lowered mitochondrial membrane potential loss. To ascertain these findings, a mitochondrial in vitro model (iron/ascorbate) was used involving different free radical scavengers and anti-oxidants. MitoQ provided better protection compared to mercaptoethylguanidine, N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester and superoxide dismutase establishing the predominancy of ONOO- in the process compared to •NO and O 2•- . These results clearly highlight the involvement of nitrosative stress in aging process with MitoQ having therapeutic potential to fight against ONOO- mediated aging deficits.
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Constructing a novel composite of molecularly imprinted polymer-coated AuNPs electrochemical sensor for the determination of 3-nitrotyrosine. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Development of a sandwich ELISA with potential for selective quantification of human lactoferrin protein nitrated through disease or environmental exposure. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:1389-1396. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus responsible for several significant outbreaks of debilitating acute and chronic arthritis and arthralgia over the past decade. These include a recent outbreak in the Caribbean islands and the Americas that caused more than 1 million cases of viral arthralgia. Despite the major impact of CHIKV on global health, viral determinants that promote CHIKV-induced disease are incompletely understood. Most CHIKV strains contain a conserved opal stop codon at the end of the viral nsP3 gene. However, CHIKV strains that encode an arginine codon in place of the opal stop codon have been described, and deep-sequencing analysis of a CHIKV isolate from the Caribbean identified both arginine and opal variants within this strain. Therefore, we hypothesized that the introduction of the arginine mutation in place of the opal termination codon may influence CHIKV virulence. We tested this by introducing the arginine mutation into a well-characterized infectious clone of a CHIKV strain from Sri Lanka and designated this virus Opal524R. This mutation did not impair viral replication kinetics in vitro or in vivo. Despite this, the Opal524R virus induced significantly less swelling, inflammation, and damage within the feet and ankles of infected mice. Further, we observed delayed induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as reduced CD4+ T cell and NK cell recruitment compared to those in the parental strain. Therefore, the opal termination codon plays an important role in CHIKV pathogenesis, independently of effects on viral replication. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes significant outbreaks of viral arthralgia. Studies with CHIKV and other alphaviruses demonstrated that the opal termination codon within nsP3 is highly conserved. However, some strains of CHIKV and other alphaviruses contain mutations in the opal termination codon. These mutations alter the virulence of related alphaviruses in mammalian and mosquito hosts. Here, we report that a clinical isolate of a CHIKV strain from the recent outbreak in the Caribbean islands contains a mixture of viruses encoding either the opal termination codon or an arginine mutation. Mutating the opal stop codon to an arginine residue attenuates CHIKV-induced disease in a mouse model. Compared to infection with the opal-containing parental virus, infection with the arginine mutant causes limited swelling and inflammation, as well as dampened recruitment of immune mediators of pathology, including CD4+ T cells and NK cells. We propose that the opal termination codon plays an essential role in the induction of severe CHIKV disease.
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Khallaf WA, Messiha BA, Abo-Youssef AM, El-Sayed NS. Protective effects of telmisartan and tempol on lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, and amyloidogenesis: possible role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:850-860. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II has pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant potentials. We investigated the possible protective effects of the Angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan, compared with the superoxide scavenger tempol, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive decline and amyloidogenesis. Briefly, mice were allocated into a normal control group, an LPS control group, a tempol treatment group, and 2 telmisartan treatment groups. A behavioral study was conducted followed by a biochemical study via assessment of brain levels of beta amyloid (Aβ) and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) as amyloidogenesis and neuroplasticity markers, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nitric oxide end products (NOx), neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and iNOS) as inflammatory markers, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione reduced (GSH), and nitrotyrosine (NT) as oxido-nitrosative stress markers. Finally, histopathological examination of cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum sections was performed using routine and special Congo red stains. Tempol and telmisartan improved cognition, decreased brain Aβ deposition and BDNF depletion, decreased TNF-α, NOx, nNOS, iNOS, MDA, and NT brain levels, and increased brain SOD and GSH contents, parallel to confirmatory histopathological evidences. In conclusion, tempol and telmisartan are promising drugs in managing cognitive impairment and amyloidogenesis, at least via upregulation of BDNF with inhibition of neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A.I. Khallaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Basim A.S. Messiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Amira M.H. Abo-Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Nesrine S. El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Pérez S, Taléns-Visconti R, Rius-Pérez S, Finamor I, Sastre J. Redox signaling in the gastrointestinal tract. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 104:75-103. [PMID: 28062361 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Redox signaling regulates physiological self-renewal, proliferation, migration and differentiation in gastrointestinal epithelium by modulating Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways mainly through NADPH oxidases (NOXs). In the intestine, intracellular and extracellular thiol redox status modulates the proliferative potential of epithelial cells. Furthermore, commensal bacteria contribute to intestine epithelial homeostasis through NOX1- and dual oxidase 2-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). The loss of redox homeostasis is involved in the pathogenesis and development of a wide diversity of gastrointestinal disorders, such as Barrett's esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, ischemic intestinal injury, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. The overproduction of superoxide anion together with inactivation of superoxide dismutase are involved in the pathogenesis of Barrett's esophagus and its transformation to adenocarcinoma. In Helicobacter pylori-induced peptic ulcer, oxidative stress derived from the leukocyte infiltrate and NOX1 aggravates mucosal damage, especially in HspB+ strains that downregulate Nrf2. In celiac disease, oxidative stress mediates most of the cytotoxic effects induced by gluten peptides and increases transglutaminase levels, whereas nitrosative stress contributes to the impairment of tight junctions. Progression of inflammatory bowel disease relies on the balance between pro-inflammatory redox-sensitive pathways, such as NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB, and the adaptive up-regulation of Mn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase 2. In colorectal cancer, redox signaling exhibits two Janus faces: On the one hand, NOX1 up-regulation and derived hydrogen peroxide enhance Wnt/β-catenin and Notch proliferating pathways; on the other hand, ROS may disrupt tumor progression through different pro-apoptotic mechanisms. In conclusion, redox signaling plays a critical role in the physiology and pathophysiology of gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Taléns-Visconti
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Rius-Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabela Finamor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sastre
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
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Neuroprotective Efficacy of Mitochondrial Antioxidant MitoQ in Suppressing Peroxynitrite-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction Inflicted by Lead Toxicity in the Rat Brain. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:358-372. [PMID: 28050775 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9692-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most pollutant metals that accumulate in the brain mitochondria disrupting mitochondrial structure and function. Though oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species remains the most accepted mechanism of Pb neurotoxicity, some reports suggest the involvement of nitric oxide (•NO) and reactive nitrogen species in Pb-induced neurotoxicity. But the impact of Pb neurotoxicity on mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes remains unknown with no relevant report highlighting the involvement of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in it. Herein, we investigated these effects in in vivo rat model by oral application of MitoQ, a known mitochondria-specific antioxidant with ONOO- scavenging activity. Interestingly, MitoQ efficiently alleviated ONOO--mediated mitochondrial complexes II, III and IV inhibition, increased mitochondrial ATP production and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. MitoQ lowered enhanced caspases 3 and 9 activities upon Pb exposure and also suppressed synaptosomal lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation accompanied by diminution of nitrite production and protein-bound 3-nitrotyrosine. To ascertain our in vivo findings on mitochondrial dysfunction, we carried out similar experiments in the presence of different antioxidants and free radical scavengers in the in vitro SHSY5Y cell line model. MitoQ provided better protection compared to mercaptoethylguanidine, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and superoxide dismutase suggesting the predominant involvement of ONOO- compared to •NO and O2•-. However, dimethylsulphoxide and catalase failed to provide protection signifying the noninvolvement of •OH and H2O2 in the process. The better protection provided by MitoQ in SHSY5Y cells can be attributed to the fact that MitoQ targets mitochondria whereas mercaptoethylguanidine, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and superoxide dismutase are known to target mainly cytoplasm and not mitochondria. Taken together the results from the present study clearly brings out the potential of MitoQ against ONOO--induced toxicity upon Pb exposure indicating its therapeutic potential in metal toxicity.
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Ali MRAA, Abo-Youssef AMH, Messiha BAS, Khattab MM. Tempol and perindopril protect against lipopolysaccharide-induced cognition impairment and amyloidogenesis by modulating brain-derived neurotropic factor, neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:637-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Chen X, Bakillah A, Zhou L, Pan X, Hoepfner F, Jacob M, Jiang XC, Lazar J, Schlitt A, Hussain MM. Nitrated apolipoprotein AI/apolipoprotein AI ratio is increased in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2016; 245:12-21. [PMID: 26687998 PMCID: PMC4738057 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Recent studies have suggested that determination of HDL function may be more informative than its concentration in predicting its protective role in coronary artery disease (CAD). Apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), the major protein of HDL, is nitrosylated in vivo to nitrated apoAI (NT-apoAI) that might cause dysfunction. We hypothesized that NT-apoAI/apoAI ratio might be associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) in CAD patients. METHODS We measured plasma NT-apoAI and apoAI levels in 777 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) by ELISA. Further, we measured plasma cholesterol efflux potential in subjects with similar apoAI but different NT-apoAI levels. RESULTS We found that median NT-apoAI/apoAI ratio was significantly higher in diabetes mellitus (DM) (n = 327) versus non-diabetic patients (n = 450). Further analysis indicated that DM, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and C-reactive protein levels were independent predictors of higher NT-apoAI/apoAI ratio. There was negative correlation between NT-apoAI/apoAI and use of anti-platelet and lipid lowering drugs. The cholesterol efflux capacity of plasma from 67 individuals with differing NT-apoAI but similar apoAI levels from macrophages in vitro was negatively correlated with NT-apoAI/apoAI ratio. CONCLUSIONS Higher NT-apoAI/apoAI ratio is significantly associated with DM in this relatively large German cohort with CAD and may contribute to associated complications by reducing cholesterol efflux capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Institute of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ahmed Bakillah
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Liye Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoyue Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Marrit Jacob
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Germany
| | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY 11209, USA
| | - Jason Lazar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Axel Schlitt
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinic Halle, Germany; Paracelsus-Harz-Clinic Bad Suderode, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - M Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY 11209, USA; Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
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Song Y, Liao J, Zha C, Wang B, Liu CC. Simultaneous determination of 3-chlorotyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosine in human plasma by direct analysis in real time-tandem mass spectrometry. Acta Pharm Sin B 2015; 5:482-6. [PMID: 26579479 PMCID: PMC4629445 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel method for the simultaneous determination of 3-nitrotyrosine (NT) and 3-chlorotyrosine (CT) in human plasma has been developed based on direct analysis in real time–tandem mass spectrometry (DART–MS/MS). Analysis was performed in the positive ionization mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of the ion transitions at m/z 216.2/170.1 for CT, m/z 227.2/181.1 for NT and m/z 230.2/184.2 for the internal standard, d3-NT. The assay was linear in the ranges 0.5–100 μg/mL for CT and 4–100 μg/mL for NT with corresponding limits of detection of 0.2 and 2 μg/mL. Intra- and inter-day precisions and accuracies were respectively <15% and ±15%. Matrix effects were also evaluated. The method is potentially useful for high throughput analysis although sensitivity needs to be improved before it can be applied in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Song
- Medical Experiment and Analysis Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 10 66937199/ 66936174; fax: +86 10 66939194.
| | - Jie Liao
- Medical Experiment and Analysis Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Cheng Zha
- Medical Experiment and Analysis Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Medical Experiment and Analysis Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Charles C. Liu
- ASPEC Technologies Limited Beijing, Beijing, 100102, China
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Kong X, Li W, Guo LQ, Zhang JX, Chen XP, Liu WY, Yang JR. Sesamin enhances nitric oxide bioactivity in aortas of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 9:314-24. [PMID: 26037786 DOI: 10.1177/1753944715586178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blood pressure lowering effect of sesamin has been demonstrated to be associated with the increase in vascular nitric oxide (NO) biological activity by our previous studies and others. The present study was designed to explore the underlying mechanisms involved in the effect of sesamin on aortic NO bioactivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS Sesamin was orally administered for 8 consecutive weeks in SHRs. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured using the tail-cuff method. The aortas were isolated and in vitro vascular reactivity studies were performed. Superoxide anion production in carotid arteries was assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence staining. The protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phosphorylated eNOS (P-eNOS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunit p47phox, and copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) in aortas was detected by Western blotting. The dimeric form of eNOS in aortas was determined by low-temperature sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Aortic level of nitrotyrosine and activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely, total SOD (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase were also detected. RESULTS In SHRs, sesamin treatment reduced SBP, improved vascular relaxation induced by acetylcholine and enhanced aortic NO bioactivity. Sesamin treatment enhanced NO biosynthesis in SHR aortas was due to upregulated P-eNOS and suppressed eNOS uncoupling, and the latter effect might be attributed to decreased nitrotyrosine and upregulated DHFR. Sesamin also reduced the NO oxidative inactivation and decreased the superoxide anion production through downregulation of p47(phox) and amelioration of eNOS uncoupling. In addition, sesamin treatment did not alter the levels of GPx and catalase activity but obviously reduced the compensatory elevated T-SOD activity and Cu/Zn-SOD protein expression. CONCLUSION Chronic treatment with sesamin could reduce hypertension and improve endothelial dysfunction through enhancement of NO bioactivity in SHR aortas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Third-Grade Pharmacology Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Third-Grade Pharmacology Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Li-qun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Third-Grade Pharmacology Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jun-xiu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Third-Grade Pharmacology Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang-pan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Wei-yong Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Anhui Province Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie-ren Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, 22 West of Wenchang Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
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A combination of palm oil tocotrienols and citrus peel polymethoxylated flavones does not influence elevated LDL cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:1209-14. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Houée-Lévin C, Bobrowski K, Horakova L, Karademir B, Schöneich C, Davies MJ, Spickett CM. Exploring oxidative modifications of tyrosine: An update on mechanisms of formation, advances in analysis and biological consequences. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:347-73. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1007968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Hu S, Chen F, Wang M. Photoprotective effects of oxyresveratrol and Kuwanon O on DNA damage induced by UVA in human epidermal keratinocytes. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:541-8. [PMID: 25588103 DOI: 10.1021/tx500497u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet A not only plays a major part in photoaging and skin tanning but also induces genetic damage and mutation in the epidermal basal layer of human skin. The photoprotective effect of oxyresveratrol and kuwanon O, two phenolic compounds from the root extract of Morus australis, in human primary epidermal keratinocytes was investigated in this study. Both of them were nontoxic to cells at a concentration less than 10 and 0.5 μM, respectively. After pretreatment at the concentrations of 5 and 10 μM, oxyresveratrol increased cell viability, exhibited significant suppressions on UVA- or H2O2-induced cellular ROS. UVA-enhanced nitrotyrosine was also reduced by post-treatment with oxyresveratrol at theses concentrations. Kuwanon O presented similar inhibitions on cellular ROS and nitrotyrosine with lower concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 μM), but there is no significant protection on cell survival after UVA irradiation. Their photoprotective effects also involved the enhanced repair of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) as mediated by the augment of p53 expression after UVA radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Hu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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van Ameijde J, Overvoorde J, Knapp S, den Hertog J, Ruijtenbeek R, Liskamp RMJ. Real-Time Monitoring of the Dephosphorylating Activity of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Using Microarrays with 3-Nitrophosphotyrosine Substrates. Chempluschem 2013; 78:1349-1357. [PMID: 31986648 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatases and kinases regulate the crucial phosphorylation post-translational modification. In spite of their similarly important role in many diseases and therapeutic potential, phosphatases have received arguably less attention. One reason for this is a scarcity of high-throughput phosphatase assays. Herein, a new real-time, dynamic protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) substrate microarray assay measuring product formation is described. PTP substrates comprising a novel 3-nitrophosphotyrosine residue are immobilized in discrete spots. After reaction catalyzed by a PTP a 3-nitrotyrosine residue is formed that can be detected by specific, sequence-independent antibodies. The resulting microarray was successfully evaluated with a panel of recombinant PTPs and cell lysates, which afforded results comparable to data from other assays. Its parallel nature, convenience, and low sample requirements facilitate investigation of the therapeutically relevant PTP enzyme family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen van Ameijde
- Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) (0)30-253-6655.,Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CA Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - John Overvoorde
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3508 AD Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Oxford University, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ (U.K.)
| | - Jeroen den Hertog
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3508 AD Utrecht (The Netherlands).,Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden (The Netherlands)
| | - Rob Ruijtenbeek
- Pamgene International Ltd. Wolvenhoek 10, 5200 BJ Den Bosch (The Netherlands)
| | - Rob M J Liskamp
- Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands), Fax: (+31) (0)30-253-6655.,School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, Glasgow University, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ (U.K.)
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Martusevich AK, Peretyagin SP. Modification of blood plasma crystallogenesis with nitrogen oxide processing. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350913060134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Sesamin ameliorates arterial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats via downregulation of NADPH oxidase subunits and upregulation of eNOS expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:912-20. [PMID: 23624755 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Sesamin is one of the major lignans in sesame seeds with antihyperlipidemic, antioxidative and antihypertensive activities. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of sesamin on arterial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS SHRs were orally administered sesamin (40, 80 and 160 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) for 16 weeks. After the rats were killed, thoracic aortas were dissected out. The vasorelaxation responses of aortic rings to ACh and nitroprusside were measured. The expression of eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p22(phox) in aortas were detected using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Aortic nitrotyrosine was measured with ELISA. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and MDA levels in aortas were also determined. RESULTS The aortic rings of SHRs showed significantly smaller ACh-induced and nitroprusside-induced relaxation than those of control rats. Treatment of SHRs with sesamin increased both the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation of aortic rings in a dose-dependent manner. In aortas of SHRs, the level of T-AOC and the expression of nitrotyrosine, p22(phox) and p47(phox) proteins were markedly increased, while the level of MDA and the expression of eNOS protein were significantly decreased. Treatment of SHRs with sesamin dose-dependently reversed these biochemical and molecular abnormalities in aortas. CONCLUSION Long-term treatment with sesamin improves arterial function in SHR through the upregulation of eNOS expression and downregulation of p22(phox) and p47(phox) expression.
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Mergola L, Scorrano S, Del Sole R, Lazzoi MR, Vasapollo G. Developments in the synthesis of a water compatible molecularly imprinted polymer as artificial receptor for detection of 3-nitro-l-tyrosine in neurological diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 40:336-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Petre BA, Ulrich M, Stumbaum M, Bernevic B, Moise A, Döring G, Przybylski M. When is mass spectrometry combined with affinity approaches essential? A case study of tyrosine nitration in proteins. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:1831-1840. [PMID: 22907170 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine nitration in proteins occurs under physiologic conditions and is increased at disease conditions associated with oxidative stress, such as inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Identification and quantification of tyrosine-nitrations are crucial for understanding nitration mechanism(s) and their functional consequences. Mass spectrometry (MS) is best suited to identify nitration sites, but is hampered by low stabilities and modification levels and possible structural changes induced by nitration. In this insight, we discuss methods for identifying and quantifying nitration sites by proteolytic affinity extraction using nitrotyrosine (NT)-specific antibodies, in combination with electrospray-MS. The efficiency of this approach is illustrated by identification of specific nitration sites in two proteins in eosinophil granules from several biological samples, eosinophil-cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). Affinity extraction combined with Edman sequencing enabled the quantification of nitration levels, which were found to be 8 % and 15 % for ECP and EDN, respectively. Structure modeling utilizing available crystal structures and affinity studies using synthetic NT-peptides suggest a tyrosine nitration sequence motif comprising positively charged residues in the vicinity of the NT- residue, located at specific surface- accessible sites of the protein structure. Affinities of Tyr-nitrated peptides from ECP and EDN to NT-antibodies, determined by online bioaffinity- MS, provided nanomolar K(D) values. In contrast, false-positive identifications of nitrations were obtained in proteins from cystic fibrosis patients upon using NT-specific antibodies, and were shown to be hydroxy-tyrosine modifications. These results demonstrate affinity- mass spectrometry approaches to be essential for unequivocal identification of biological tyrosine nitrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brînduşa-Alina Petre
- Steinbeis Research and Transfer Center for Biopolymer Analysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Opening of chloride channels by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 contributes to photoprotection against UVR-induced thymine dimers in keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 133:776-782. [PMID: 23014341 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
UVR produces vitamin D in skin, which is hydroxylated locally to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)). 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) protects skin cells against UVR-induced DNA damage, including thymine dimers, but the mechanism is unknown. As DNA repair is inhibited by nitric oxide (NO) products but facilitated by p53, we examined whether 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) altered the expression of nitrotyrosine, a product of NO, or p53 after UVR in human keratinocytes. 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and the nongenomic agonist 1α,25-dihydroxylumisterol(3) reduced nitrotyrosine 16 hours after UVR, detected by a sensitive whole-cell ELISA. p53 was enhanced after UVR, and this was further augmented in the presence of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid), a chloride channel blocker previously shown to prevent 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)-induced chloride currents in osteoblasts, had no effect on thymine dimers on its own but prevented the 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)-induced protection against thymine dimers. Independent treatment with DIDS, at concentrations that had no effect on thymine dimers, blocked UVR-induced upregulation of p53. In contrast, reduction of nitrotyrosine remained in keratinocytes treated with 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and DIDS at concentrations shown to block decreases in post-UVR thymine dimers. These results suggest that 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)-induced chloride currents help protect from UVR-induced thymine dimers, but further increases in p53 or reductions of nitrotyrosine by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) are unlikely to contribute substantially to this protection.
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Akcay YD, Sagin FG, Aksu K, Keser G, Taylor E, Knight I, Winyard PG, Sozmen EY. A panel of oxidative stress assays does not provide supplementary diagnostic information in Behcet's disease patients. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2012; 9:13. [PMID: 22472022 PMCID: PMC3348053 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-9-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent findings suggest a role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Behcet's disease (BD), but the utility of oxidative stress-associated assays in offering diagnostic information or in the monitoring of disease activity is largely unassessed. Objective and methods We aimed to measure oxidative and inflammatory markers, along with the markers of reactive nitrogen species, S-nitrosothiols and 3-nitrotyrosine, in BD patients (n = 100) and healthy volunteers (n = 50). These markers were evaluated in regard to their role in the pathogenesis of BD as well as their relation to clinical presentation, disease activity and duration. Results Median values for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, leukocyte count, and IL-18 levels, as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, were statistically higher in the patient group compared to controls. Some inflammation markers (ESR, neutrophil and leukocyte counts) were statistically higher (p < 0.05) in the active period. In contrast, oxidative stress-associated measures (erythrocyte lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and measures of serum antioxidant capacity), revealed no statistically significant differences between the median values in BD patients versus healthy control subjects (p > 0.05 in all statistical comparisons), nor was there any difference in median levels of these oxidative stress markers in active disease versus disease remission. S-nitrosothiols and 3-nitrotyrosine were undetectable in BD plasma. Conclusions The application of oxidative stress-associated measures to BD blood samples offered no supplemental diagnostic or disease activity information to that provided by standard laboratory measures of inflammation. S-nitrosothiols and 3-nitrotyrosine appeared not to be markers for active BD; thus the search for biochemical markers that will indicate the active period should be continued with larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin D Akcay
- Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, School of Medicine, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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Ferretti G, Bacchetti T, Masciangelo S, Saturni L. Celiac disease, inflammation and oxidative damage: a nutrigenetic approach. Nutrients 2012; 4:243-57. [PMID: 22606367 PMCID: PMC3347005 DOI: 10.3390/nu4040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD), a common heritable chronic inflammatory condition of the small intestine caused by permanent intolerance to gluten/gliadin (prolamin), is characterized by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Developments in proteomics have provided an important contribution to the understanding of the biochemical and immunological aspects of the disease and the mechanisms involved in toxicity of prolamins. It has been demonstrated that some gliadin peptides resistant to complete proteolytic digestion may directly affect intestinal cell structure and functions by modulating gene expression and oxidative stress. In recent years, the creation of the two research fields Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics, has enabled the elucidation of some interactions between diet, nutrients and genes. Various dietary components including long chain ω-3 fatty acids, plant flavonoids, and carotenoids have been demonstrated to modulate oxidative stress, gene expression and production of inflammatory mediators. Therefore their adoption could preserve intestinal barrier integrity, play a protective role against toxicity of gliadin peptides and have a role in nutritional therapy of celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialistic Clinics Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Ranieri 65, 60100 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Ranieri 65, 60100 Ancona, Italy; (T.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Simona Masciangelo
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Ranieri 65, 60100 Ancona, Italy; (T.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Letizia Saturni
- Ibero-American University Foundation—FUNIBER, via Ranieri 65, 60100 Ancona, Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia (VaD). The aim of this study was to investigate the biomarkers of oxidative stress in urine, as reflected by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-isoprostaglandin F(2a) (8-isoPGF(2a)) and nitrotyrosine (NT) levels, in a group of well characterized VaD patients and in two control groups of Vascular Not Demented (VaND) patients and health y subjects. METHODS Ninety-six subjects from the Tianjin municipality in China were recruited. Forty-six patients were in the VaD group, 24 patients with VaND and 26 persons with no signs of cognitive disorder were employed as control groups. Urinary 8-OHdG and 8-isoPGF(2a) was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and urinary NT levels were measured by chemiluminescence detection. RESULTS Significantly higher urinary 8-OHdG levels were detected in VaD patients compared to VaND patients and healthy control subjects. In contrast, urinary 8-isoPGF(2a) levels were significantly lower in VaD patients compared with two control groups. For NT levels, no statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups. CONCLUSION Increased urinary 8-OHdG level was a potential marker of oxidative stress in VaD patients. Furthermore, it is also important to take into account potential confounders in order to improve the identification of changes in the status of oxidative stress as related to VaD.
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Madhurantakam C, Duru AD, Sandalova T, Webb JR, Achour A. Inflammation-associated nitrotyrosination affects TCR recognition through reduced stability and alteration of the molecular surface of the MHC complex. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32805. [PMID: 22431983 PMCID: PMC3303804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrotyrosination of proteins, a hallmark of inflammation, may result in the production of MHC-restricted neoantigens that can be recognized by T cells and bypass the constraints of immunological self-tolerance. Here we biochemically and structurally assessed how nitrotyrosination of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-associated immunodominant MHC class I-restricted epitopes gp33 and gp34 alters T cell recognition in the context of both H-2Db and H-2Kb. Comparative analysis of the crystal structures of H-2Kb/gp34 and H-2Kb/NY-gp34 demonstrated that nitrotyrosination of p3Y in gp34 abrogates a hydrogen bond interaction formed with the H-2Kb residue E152. As a consequence the conformation of the TCR-interacting E152 was profoundly altered in H-2Kb/NY-gp34 when compared to H-2Kb/gp34, thereby modifying the surface of the nitrotyrosinated MHC complex. Furthermore, nitrotyrosination of gp34 resulted in structural over-packing, straining the overall conformation and considerably reducing the stability of the H-2Kb/NY-gp34 MHC complex when compared to H-2Kb/gp34. Our structural analysis also indicates that nitrotyrosination of the main TCR-interacting residue p4Y in gp33 abrogates recognition of H-2Db/gp33-NY complexes by H-2Db/gp33-specific T cells through sterical hindrance. In conclusion, this study provides the first structural and biochemical evidence for how MHC class I-restricted nitrotyrosinated neoantigens may enable viral escape and break immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaithanya Madhurantakam
- Centre for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adil D. Duru
- Centre for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatyana Sandalova
- Centre for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John R. Webb
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adnane Achour
- Centre for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Weber D, Kneschke N, Grimm S, Bergheim I, Breusing N, Grune T. Rapid and sensitive determination of protein-nitrotyrosine by ELISA: Application to human plasma. Free Radic Res 2012; 46:276-85. [PMID: 22276750 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.652627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
3-Nitrotyrosine (3NT) is known as an important indicator of nitrosative stress and has been linked to various diseases. Our aim was to develop an indirect ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method suitable for the detection of protein-bound 3NT in clinical plasma and serum samples. Nitrated protein standards and reduced protein standards were prepared. Limit of detection was determined for standards; recovery and reproducibility were determined for human plasma samples. The limit of detection for this method is 1.82±0.56 pmol/mg protein. Mean recovery of standards was 95%. 3NT concentration in plasma samples of obese and normal weight subjects was determined to be between 2 pmol/mg and 19 pmol/mg. No time-consuming sample preparation or expensive laboratory equipment is required, and applied antibodies are commercially available. Sensitivity, rapid analysis time, possibilities of high throughput applications and small sample volumes make this ELISA attractive for use in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Weber
- Institute of Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Dornburger Strasse 24, Jena, Germany
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Gelisgen R, Genc H, Kayali R, Oncul M, Benian A, Guralp O, Uludag S, Cakatay U, Albayrak M, Uzun H. Protein oxidation markers in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus: a possible relation with paraoxonase activity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 94:404-9. [PMID: 21885148 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To clarify the levels of protein oxidation markers such as protein carbonyl (PCO), protein hydroperoxides (P-OOH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and nitrotyrosine (NT), as well as antioxidative enzymes such as paraoxonase (PON-1) in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS The study was conducted on 23 women with GDM and 22 women without GDM. The levels of the P-OOH, AOPP, and PON-1 were determined by colorimetric methods; whereas NT and PCO levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS The concentrations of protein oxidation markers were significantly increased and PON1 activity was significantly decreased in GDM group compared to those of normal pregnant women. The control group showed a significant negative correlation between PON-1 and PCO (r=-0.451, p=0.027); whereas in GDM group, there was a significant positive correlation between P-OOH and HbA1c (r=0.89, p=0.001). There was no significant correlation between AOPP, PON-1, P-OOH, PCO, and HbA1c in either group. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of a possible association between protein oxidation and decreased PON1 activity in GDM. The increase in protein oxidation parameters in the GDM group leading to decreased PON1 activity might, we think, create a predisposition for clinical complications in GDM group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remise Gelisgen
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Role of endothelial dysfunction in modulating the plasma redox homeostasis in visceral leishmaniasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1810:652-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Chung MY, Park HJ, Manautou JE, Koo SI, Bruno RS. Green tea extract protects against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in ob/ob mice by decreasing oxidative and nitrative stress responses induced by proinflammatory enzymes. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 23:361-7. [PMID: 21543212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative and nitrative stress responses resulting from inflammation exacerbate liver injury associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by inducing lipid peroxidation and protein nitration. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the anti-inflammatory properties of green tea extract (GTE) would protect against NASH by suppressing oxidative and nitrative damage mediated by proinflammatory enzymes. Obese mice (ob/ob) and their 5-week-old C57BL6 lean littermates were fed 0%, 0.5% or 1% GTE for 6 weeks (n=12-13 mice/group). In obese mice, hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammatory infiltrates and serum alanine aminotransferase activity were markedly increased, whereas these markers of hepatic steatosis, inflammation and injury were significantly reduced among obese mice fed GTE. GTE also normalized hepatic 4-hydroxynonenal and 3-nitro-tyrosine (N-Tyr) concentrations to those observed in lean controls. These oxidative and nitrative damage markers were correlated with alanine aminotransferase (P<.05; r=0.410-0.471). Improvements in oxidative and nitrative damage by GTE were also associated with lower hepatic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity. Likewise, GTE reduced protein expression levels of hepatic myeloperoxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase and decreased the concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites. Correlative relationships between nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and hepatic 4-hydroxynonenal (r=0.364) as well as nitric oxide metabolites and N-Tyr (r=0.598) suggest that GTE mitigates lipid peroxidation and protein nitration by suppressing the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Further study is warranted to determine whether GTE can be recommended as an effective dietary strategy to reduce the risk of obesity-triggered NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Ergün Y, Kurutaş EB, Ozdil B, Güneşaçar R, Ergün Y. Evaluation of nitrite/nitrate levels in relation to oxidative stress parameters in liver cirrhosis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2011; 35:303-8. [PMID: 21316327 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species have been implicated in several pathophysiological events leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible contribution of peroxynitrite (formed by the interaction of nitric oxide and superoxide anion) in the pathophysiology of cirrhosis. METHODS Twenty-six cirrhotic patients classified as Child-Pugh A, and seven as Child-Pugh B, were included in the study, and nine healthy volunteers served as controls. Levels of nitrite/nitrate (NOx), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), nitrotyrosine (peroxynitrite marker), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in blood samples. RESULTS NOx, TBARS, CAT, SOD and GSH levels were higher in cirrhosis patients than in the controls (NOx: 0.17 ± 0.02, 0.95 ± 0.12, 1.3 ± 0.1; TBARS: 2.0 ± 0.05, 4.6 ± 0.3, 5 ± 0.3; CAT: 1.8 ± 0.1, 4 ± 0.3, 4.5 ± 0.4; SOD: 1.8 ± 0.2, 4.8 ± 0.5, 7 ± 0.4; and GSH: 1.3 ± 0.05, 3.6 ± 0.3, 4.5 ± 0.6 in controls, and Child-Pugh A and B patients, respectively). However, there were no differences in nitrotyrosine levels across these groups (controls: 11.4 ± 0.4; Child-Pugh A: 11.1 ± 0.4; Child-Pugh B: 11.9 ± 1.6). NOx levels showed significant and strongly positive correlations with TBARS, SOD, CAT and GSH levels. In contrast, no correlations were found between either NOx or TBARS and nitrotyrosine levels. CONCLUSION Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, but not peroxynitrite, are overproduced in patients with cirrhosis in spite of evidence of an increase in antioxidant defenses. This suggests that therapeutic measures aimed at attenuating oxidative stress as well as increasing antioxidant defenses may well benefit patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Ergün
- Department of pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
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Rubio CR, Simes JC, Moya M, Soriano F, Palma JA, Campana V. Inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in experimental crystalopathy: their modification by photostimulation. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 27:79-84. [PMID: 19196109 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2007.2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystalopathies are inflammatory pathologies caused by cellular reactions to the deposition of crystals in the joints. The anti-inflammatory effect of the helium-neon (He-Ne) laser and that of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) diclofenac, meloxicam, celecoxib, and rofecoxib was studied in acute and chronic arthritis produced by hydroxyapatite and calcium pyrophosphate in rats. The presence of the markers fibrinogen, L-citrulline, nitric oxide, and nitrotyrosine was determined. Crystals were injected into the posterior limb joints of the rats. A dose of 8 J/cm(2) of energy from an He-Ne laser was applied for 3 d in some groups and for 5 d in other groups. The levels of some of the biomarkers were determined by spectrophotometry, and that of nitrotyrosine was determined by ELISA. For statistical analysis, Fisher's exact test was used, and p +/- 0.05 was considered significant. In arthritic rats, the fibrinogen, L-citrulline, nitric oxide, and nitrotyrosine levels increased in comparison to controls and to the laser-treated arthritic groups (p +/- 0.001), (p +/- 0.001), (p +/- 0.02), and (p +/- 0.01), respectively. When comparing fibrinogen from arthritic rats with disease induced by hydroxyapatite with undiseased and arthritic rats treated with NSAIDs, the He-Ne laser decreased levels to values similar to those seen in controls (p +/- 0.01). Inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in experimental crystalopathy are positively modified by photobiostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Reinoso Rubio
- Cátedra de Física Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Analytical methods for 3-nitrotyrosine quantification in biological samples: the unique role of tandem mass spectrometry. Amino Acids 2010; 42:45-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Urquiaga I, Strobel P, Perez D, Martinez C, Cuevas A, Castillo O, Marshall G, Rozowski J, Leighton F. Mediterranean diet and red wine protect against oxidative damage in young volunteers. Atherosclerosis 2010; 211:694-9. [PMID: 20451910 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect on oxidative damage of the administration of a Mediterranean diet (MD) compared with an Occidental diet (OD), in young adult volunteers, with or without the concomitant intake of red wine. DESIGN Forty-two omnivorous male students 20-27 years old were given either diet for 3 months. During the first and third month they received the prepared diets alone but during the second month they also had 240 ml/day of red wine. Blood and urine samples were taken at 0, 30, 60, and 90 days for analyses. A linear mixed effect model was used to compare the effect of both diets and wine, controlling values by baseline measurements. RESULTS MD increased plasma vitamin C, beta-carotene and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR). OD increased plasma vitamin E. Wine supplementation, analyzed combining both diet groups, raised plasma vitamin C, beta-carotene, uric acid, TAR, plasma and urinary polyphenols and decreased plasma vitamin E. Also wine intake increased concentration of red blood cell (RBC) glutathione while significantly decreasing plasma glutathione. In oxidative damage measurements OD group showed higher concentration of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes and plasma nitrotyrosine, when compared with MD group. Wine intake significantly decreased 8-OHdG and plasma nitrotyrosine in both diets, particularly in OD. CONCLUSION Volunteers on MD showed better antioxidant defenses and less oxidative damage than those on OD. Moderate wine consumption improved antioxidant defenses in both groups and counteracted the oxidative damage observed with OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Urquiaga
- Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Catholic University of Chile, Marcoleta 49, Santiago, Chile.
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IL-2 and IFN-gamma in the retina of diabetic rats. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2010; 248:985-90. [PMID: 20213480 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-009-1289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of the early events leading to diabetic retinopathy is not fully understood. It has been suggested that Inflammatory processes are involved in the development of the disease; however, the concentrations of tissue retinal inflammatory mediators and their possible alteration in diabetic retinopathy have not been described. The aim of this work was to study T-helper cell cytokine and chemokine profiles, and tyrosine nitration in retinal tissue of diabetic rats. METHODS Cytokines (interleukin IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNFa, GM-CSF, IFN-g), chemokines (MIP-1a, MIP-2, MIP-3a, MCP-1, GRO/KC, RANTES, Fractalkine), and tyrosine nitration were measured in retinal homogenate obtained from Long-Evans rats after 5 months of experimental diabetes. RESULTS The T-helper type 1 cytokines IL-2 and INF-gamma, in addition to NO production (measured as nitrotyrosine), were found to be significantly elevated in diabetic rat retina homogenates. None of the other cytokines and chemokines studied were affected by the diabetic condition. CONCLUSIONS Immunoregulatory cytokines belonging to the Th-1 group (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) were increased in the retina of experimental diabetic rats. Moreover, the nitrotyrosine formation (as an expression of increased NO production) was significantly elevated in the diabetic retina, supporting the concept of an inflammatory element in the development of diabetic retinopathy.
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Higashino H, Tabuchi M, Yamagata S, Kurita T, Miya H, Mukai H, Miya Y. Serum Nitric Oxide Metabolite Levels in Groups of Patients with Various Diseases in Comparison of Healthy Control Subjects. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2010.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Rensen SS, Slaats Y, Nijhuis J, Jans A, Bieghs V, Driessen A, Malle E, Greve JW, Buurman WA. Increased hepatic myeloperoxidase activity in obese subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 175:1473-82. [PMID: 19729473 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are considered critical factors in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an important neutrophil enzyme that can generate aggressive oxidants; therefore, we studied the association between MPO and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The distribution of inflammatory cells containing MPO in liver biopsies of 40 severely obese subjects with either nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (n = 22) or simple steatosis (n = 18) was investigated by immunohistochemistry. MPO-derived oxidative protein modifications were identified by immunohistochemistry and correlated to hepatic gene expression of CXC chemokines and M1/M2 macrophage markers as determined by quantitative PCR. MPO plasma levels were determined by ELISA. The number of hepatic neutrophils and MPO-positive Kupffer cells was increased in NASH and was accompanied by accumulation of hypochlorite-modified and nitrated proteins, which can be generated by the MPO-H2O2 system. Liver CXC chemokine expression was higher in patients with accumulation of MPO-mediated oxidation products and correlated with hepatic neutrophil sequestration. Plasma MPO levels were elevated in NASH patients. Interestingly, neutrophils frequently surrounded steatotic hepatocytes, resembling the crown-like structures found in obese adipose tissue. Furthermore, hepatic M2 macrophage marker gene expression was increased in NASH. Our data indicate that accumulation of MPO-mediated oxidation products, partly derived from Kupffer cell MPO, is associated with induction of CXC chemokines and hepatic neutrophil infiltration and may contribute to the development of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander S Rensen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
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Celedón G, González G, Pino J, Lissi EA. Peroxynitrite oxidizes erythrocyte membrane band 3 protein and diminishes its anion transport capacity. Free Radic Res 2009; 41:316-23. [PMID: 17364960 DOI: 10.1080/10715760601090305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We describe an altered membrane band 3 protein-mediated anion transport in erythrocytes exposed to peroxynitrite, and relate the loss of anion transport to cell damage and to band 3 oxidative modifications. We found that peroxynitrite down-regulate anion transport in a dose dependent relation (100-300 micromoles/l). Hemoglobin oxidation was found at all peroxynitrite concentrations studied. A dose-dependent band 3 protein crosslinking and tyrosine nitration were also observed. Band 3 protein modifications were concomitant with a decrease in transport activity. ( - )-Epicatechin avoids band 3 protein nitration but barely affects its transport capacity, suggesting that both processes are unrelated. N-acetyl cysteine partially reverted the loss of band 3 transport capacity. It is concluded that peroxynitrite promotes a decrease in anion transport that is partially due to the reversible oxidation of band 3 cysteine residues. Additionally, band 3 tyrosine nitration seems not to be relevant for the loss of its anion transport capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Celedón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
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Yan LJ. Analysis of oxidative modification of proteins. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PROTEIN SCIENCE 2009; Chapter 14:14.4.1-14.4.28. [PMID: 19365787 DOI: 10.1002/0471140864.ps1404s56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are targets of oxidative modification. This unit describes detailed procedures for the analysis of popular indices of protein oxidation including protein carbonyl formation, loss of protein thiols, and nitrotyrosine and dityrosine formation, as well as isoaspartate formation. Procedures are detailed for the analysis of protein carbonyls labeled with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, tritiated sodium borohydride, and biotin-hydrazide, followed by detection measurements that are based on the distinguishing feature of each labeling chemical. Methods are outlined for the determination of protein cysteine oxidation by quantifying the loss of free protein thiols using radiolabeled [(14)C]-iodoacetamide. Protocols are described for the measurement of protein dityrosine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, as are the details for the detection of protein nitrotyrosine by a competitive ELISA approach. Finally, methods are described for the quantification of protein-bound isoaspartate using protein-L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase that converts aberrant L-isoaspartyl residues in peptides and proteins to normal aspartyl residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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Abstract
Proteins are targets of oxidative modification. This unit describes detailed procedures for the analysis of popular indices of protein oxidation including protein carbonyl formation, loss of protein thiols, and nitrotyrosine and dityrosine formation, as well as isoaspartate formation. Procedures are detailed for the analysis of protein carbonyls labeled with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, tritiated sodium borohydride, and biotin-hydrazide, followed by detection measurements that are based on the distinguishing feature of each labeling chemical. Methods are outlined for the determination of protein cysteine oxidation by quantifying the loss of free protein thiols using radiolabeled [(14)C]-iodoacetamide. Protocols are described for the measurement of protein dityrosine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, as are the details for the detection of protein nitrotyrosine by a competitive ELISA approach. Finally, methods are described for the quantification of protein-bound isoaspartate using protein-L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase that converts aberrant L-isoaspartyl residues in peptides and proteins to normal aspartyl residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
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Bakillah A. Nitrated apolipoprotein A-I, a potential new cardiovascular marker, is markedly increased in low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subjects. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009; 47:60-9. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2009.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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LIM PAIKSEONG, WU MINGYING, CHIEN SHIAWWEN, WU TSAIKUN, LIU CHIASHAN, HU CHUENYUH, CHANG HUICHEN, PAI MEIANTSAI. Elevated circulating levels of soluble CD-40 ligand in haemodialysis patients with symptomatic coronary heart disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2008; 13:677-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2008.00999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Imanishi T, Ikejima H, Tsujioka H, Tsujioka A, Kuroi A, Kobayashi K, Shiomi M, Muragaki Y, Mochizuki S, Goto M, Yoshida K, Akasaka T. Combined effects of an 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor antagonist on nitric oxide bioavailability and atherosclerotic change in myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Hypertens Res 2008; 31:1199-208. [PMID: 18716369 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.31.1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of co-administration of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) on nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in genetically hyperlipidemic rabbits with our newly developed NO sensor. A total of 36 myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHLMI) rabbits equally derived (n=6 per group) were treated with 1) vehicle (control), 2) hydralazine (15 mg/kg/d), 3) the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor pitavastatin (P: 0.5 mg/kg/d), 4) the ARB valsartan (V: 5 mg/kg/d), and 5) pitavastatin+valsartan (P+V) together without or 6) with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) for 8 weeks. After treatment, acetylcholine (ACh)-induced NO production was measured as a surrogate for endothelium protective function, and vascular peroxynitrite (a product of superoxide and NO) was measured for assessing dysfunctional endothelial NO synthase activity. Plaque area was quantified by histology as well as optical coherence tomography (OCT). Intra-aortic infusion of ACh produced an increase in plasma NO concentration, which was significantly greater with all drug treatments than with the control. P+V increased ACh-induced NO by 4.1 nmol/L significantly more than either P or V singly. The vascular peroxynitrite concentration was 1.6 pmol/mg protein in the control group and significantly less than those in the P- and V-monotherapy-groups. The lowest peroxynitrite concentration was observed in the P+V group (0.4 pmol/mg protein), which was significantly lower than those in the P- and the V-monotherapy-groups. OCT and histology of the thoracic aorta revealed that the plaque area decreased significantly more with the combination than with the monotherapy. In conclusion, the combined treatment with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and an ARB may have additive protective effects on endothelial function as well as atherosclerotic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Imanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
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Imanishi T, Tsujioka H, Ikejima H, Kuroi A, Takarada S, Kitabata H, Tanimoto T, Muragaki Y, Mochizuki S, Goto M, Yoshida K, Akasaka T. Renin inhibitor aliskiren improves impaired nitric oxide bioavailability and protects against atherosclerotic changes. Hypertension 2008; 52:563-72. [PMID: 18645051 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, improves NO bioavailability and protects against spontaneous atherosclerotic changes. We also examined the effects of cotreatment with aliskiren and valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, on the above-mentioned outcomes. Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits were treated with vehicle (control), aliskiren, valsartan, or aliskiren plus valsartan for 8 weeks. Then, acetylcholine-induced NO production was measured as a surrogate index of endothelium protective function, and both superoxide and vascular peroxynitrite were measured. Tetrahydrobiopterin in aortic segments was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Plaque area was quantified by histology. Increase in plasma NO concentration in response to intra-aortic acetylcholine infusion was significantly greater in all of the test groups than in controls. Aliskiren+valsartan cotreatment increased acetylcholine-induced NO by 6.2 nmol/L, which was significantly higher than that with either aliskiren or valsartan alone. Vascular superoxide and peroxynitrite levels were both significantly higher in controls and significantly lower in the aliskiren+valsartan group than in the aliskiren or valsartan group. The highest tetrahydrobiopterin levels were observed after aliskiren+valsartan cotreatment. Histology of the thoracic aorta revealed that the plaque area was significantly decreased with combination therapy compared with monotherapy. Treatment with a direct renin inhibitor has protective effects on endothelial function and atherosclerotic changes. Furthermore, cotreatment with a direct renin inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor blocker has additive protective effects on both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Imanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama City, Wakayama, Japan.
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Kennett EC, Davies MJ. Degradation of extracellular matrix by peroxynitrite/peroxynitrous acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 45:716-25. [PMID: 18582557 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides strength and elasticity to tissues and plays a key role in regulating cell behavior; damage to this material is believed to be a major factor in many inflammatory diseases. Peroxynitrite/peroxynitrous acid, which is generated at elevated levels at sites of inflammation, is believed to play a role in ECM damage; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Here we examined the reactions of bolus peroxynitrite, and that generated in a time-dependent manner by SIN-1 decomposition, with ECM isolated from a vascular smooth muscle cell line and porcine thoracic aorta. Bolus peroxynitrite caused the release of ECM glycosaminoglycans and proteins, the formation of 3-nitroTyr, and the detection of ECM-derived radicals (by immuno-spin trapping) in a concentration-dependent manner. Release and nitration of ECM components were modulated by the local pH and bicarbonate. SIN-1 caused the release of glycosaminoglycan, but not protein, from vascular smooth muscle cell-derived ECM in a concentration-, time-, and pH-dependent manner. The data presented here suggest that peroxynitrite-mediated damage to ECM occurs via a radical-mediated pathway. These reactions may contribute to ECM damage at sites of inflammation and play a role in disease progression, including rupture of atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor C Kennett
- The Heart Research Institute, 114 Pyrmont Bridge Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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A critical review and discussion of analytical methods in the l-arginine/nitric oxide area of basic and clinical research. Anal Biochem 2008; 379:139-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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