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Fang Y, Gong Z, You M, Peng K. Identification of a novel caspase cleavage motif AEAD. Virol Sin 2024:S1995-820X(24)00115-9. [PMID: 39098717 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Infections of many viruses induce caspase activation to regulate multiple cellular pathways, including programmed cell death, immune signaling and etc. Characterizations of caspase cleavage sites and substrates are important for understanding the regulation mechanisms of caspase activation. Here, we identified and analyzed a novel caspase cleavage motif AEAD, and confirmed its caspase dependent cleavage activity in natural substrate, such as nitric oxide-associated protein 1 (NOA1). Fusing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) with the mitochondrial marker protein Tom20 through the AEAD motif peptide localized EGFP to the mitochondria. Upon the activation of caspase triggered by Sendai virus (SeV) or herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, EGFP diffusely localized to the cell due to the caspase-mediated cleavage, thus allowing visual detection of the virus-induced caspase activation. An AEAD peptide-derived inhibitor Z-AEAD-FMK were developed, which significantly inhibited the activities of caspases-1, -3, -6, -7, -8 and -9, exhibiting a broad caspase inhibition effect. The inhibitor further prevented caspases-mediated cleavage of downstream substrates, including BID, PARP1, LMNA, pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, GSDMD and GSDME, protecting cells from virus-induced apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death. Together, our findings provide a new perspective for the identification of novel caspase cleavage motifs and the development of new caspase inhibitors and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhou Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Miaomiao You
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ke Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Antiviral Research, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Jiangxia, Wuhan, 430207, China.
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2
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Thirugnanam S, Rout N. A Perfect Storm: The Convergence of Aging, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, and Inflammasome Dysregulation. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4768-4786. [PMID: 38785555 PMCID: PMC11119826 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has greatly transformed the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PWH). Today, over 76% of the individuals with HIV have access to this life-saving therapy. However, this progress has come with a new challenge: an increase in age-related non-AIDS conditions among patients with HIV. These conditions manifest earlier in PWH than in uninfected individuals, accelerating the aging process. Like PWH, the uninfected aging population experiences immunosenescence marked by an increased proinflammatory environment. This phenomenon is linked to chronic inflammation, driven in part by cellular structures called inflammasomes. Inflammatory signaling pathways activated by HIV-1 infection play a key role in inflammasome formation, suggesting a crucial link between HIV and a chronic inflammatory state. This review outlines the inflammatory processes triggered by HIV-1 infection and aging, with a focus on the inflammasomes. This review also explores current research regarding inflammasomes and potential strategies for targeting inflammasomes to mitigate inflammation. Further research on inflammasome signaling presents a unique opportunity to develop targeted interventions and innovative therapeutic modalities for combating HIV and aging-associated inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Thirugnanam
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Namita Rout
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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3
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Vinţeler N, Feurdean CN, Petkes R, Barabas R, Boşca BA, Muntean A, Feștilă D, Ilea A. Biomaterials Functionalized with Inflammasome Inhibitors-Premises and Perspectives. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:32. [PMID: 38391885 PMCID: PMC10889089 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aimed at searching literature for data regarding the inflammasomes' involvement in the pathogenesis of oral diseases (mainly periodontitis) and general pathologies, including approaches to control inflammasome-related pathogenic mechanisms. The inflammasomes are part of the innate immune response that activates inflammatory caspases by canonical and noncanonical pathways, to control the activity of Gasdermin D. Once an inflammasome is activated, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukins, are released. Thus, inflammasomes are involved in inflammatory, autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. The review also investigated novel therapies based on the use of phytochemicals and pharmaceutical substances for inhibiting inflammasome activity. Pharmaceutical substances can control the inflammasomes by three mechanisms: inhibiting the intracellular signaling pathways (Allopurinol and SS-31), blocking inflammasome components (VX-765, Emricasan and VX-740), and inhibiting cytokines mediated by the inflammasomes (Canakinumab, Anakinra and Rilonacept). Moreover, phytochemicals inhibit the inflammasomes by neutralizing reactive oxygen species. Biomaterials functionalized by the adsorption of therapeutic agents onto different nanomaterials could represent future research directions to facilitate multimodal and sequential treatment in oral pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norina Vinţeler
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Nicoleta Feurdean
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Regina Petkes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Hungarian Line of Study, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Reka Barabas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Hungarian Line of Study, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Adina Boşca
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandrina Muntean
- Department of Paediatric, Faculty of Dentistry, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania
| | - Dana Feștilă
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania
| | - Aranka Ilea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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4
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Yao J, Sterling K, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Song W. The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:10. [PMID: 38177104 PMCID: PMC10766654 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01687-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are large protein complexes that play a major role in sensing inflammatory signals and triggering the innate immune response. Each inflammasome complex has three major components: an upstream sensor molecule that is connected to a downstream effector protein such as caspase-1 through the adapter protein ASC. Inflammasome formation typically occurs in response to infectious agents or cellular damage. The active inflammasome then triggers caspase-1 activation, followed by the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pyroptotic cell death. Aberrant inflammasome activation and activity contribute to the development of diabetes, cancer, and several cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. As a result, recent research has increasingly focused on investigating the mechanisms that regulate inflammasome assembly and activation, as well as the potential of targeting inflammasomes to treat various diseases. Multiple clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the therapeutic potential of several distinct inflammasome-targeting therapies. Therefore, understanding how different inflammasomes contribute to disease pathology may have significant implications for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this article, we provide a summary of the biological and pathological roles of inflammasomes in health and disease. We also highlight key evidence that suggests targeting inflammasomes could be a novel strategy for developing new disease-modifying therapies that may be effective in several conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yao
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Keenan Sterling
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Research Center, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Zhe Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | - Weihong Song
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Research Center, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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5
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Modi P, Shah BM, Patel S. Interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE): A comprehensive review on discovery and development of caspase-1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115861. [PMID: 37857145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-1 is a critical mediator of the inflammatory process by activating various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as pro-IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33. Uncontrolled activation of caspase-1 leads to various cytokines-mediated diseases. Thus, inhibition of Caspase-1 is considered therapeutically beneficial to halt the progression of such diseases. Currently, rilonacept, canakinumab and anakinra are in use for caspase-1-mediated autoinflammatory diseases. However, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of these peptides limits their use as therapeutic agents. Therefore, several peptidomimetic inhibitors have been developed, but only a few compounds (VX-740, VX-765) have advanced to clinical trials; because of their toxic profile. Several small molecule inhibitors have also been progressing based on the three-dimensional structure of caspase-1. However there is no successful candidate available clinically. In this perspective, we highlight the mechanism of caspase-1 activation, its therapeutic potential as a disease target and potential therapeutic strategies targeting caspase-1 with their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmi Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University Ahmedabad - 382 210, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhumi M Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University Ahmedabad - 382 210, Gujarat, India
| | - Shivani Patel
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
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6
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Pérez-Gómez JM, Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Fuentes-Fayos AC, Sarmento-Cabral A, Guzmán-Ruiz R, Malagón MM, Herrera-Martínez AD, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Exploring the role of the inflammasomes on prostate cancer: Interplay with obesity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:1165-1187. [PMID: 37819510 PMCID: PMC10697898 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a weight-related disorder characterized by excessive adipose tissue growth and dysfunction which leads to the onset of a systemic chronic low-grade inflammatory state. Likewise, inflammation is considered a classic cancer hallmark affecting several steps of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In this regard, novel molecular complexes termed inflammasomes have been identified which are able to react to a wide spectrum of insults, impacting several metabolic-related disorders, but their contribution to cancer biology remains unclear. In this context, prostate cancer (PCa) has a markedly inflammatory component, and patients frequently are elderly individuals who exhibit weight-related disorders, being obesity the most prevalent condition. Therefore, inflammation, and specifically, inflammasome complexes, could be crucial players in the interplay between PCa and metabolic disorders. In this review, we will: 1) discuss the potential role of each inflammasome component (sensor, molecular adaptor, and targets) in PCa pathophysiology, placing special emphasis on IL-1β/NF-kB pathway and ROS and hypoxia influence; 2) explore the association between inflammasomes and obesity, and how these molecular complexes could act as the cornerstone between the obesity and PCa; and, 3) compile current clinical trials regarding inflammasome targeting, providing some insights about their potential use in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M Pérez-Gómez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - André Sarmento-Cabral
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rocio Guzmán-Ruiz
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - María M Malagón
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Aura D Herrera-Martínez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, HURS/IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), IMIBIC Building, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain.
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain.
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Jiang Q, Wang X, Xu X, Hu L, Zhou G, Liu R, Yang G, Cui D. Inflammasomes in rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. BMC Rheumatol 2023; 7:39. [PMID: 37899476 PMCID: PMC10614352 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-023-00353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammasome plays an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which has rarely been systematically reported. The aim of this study was to understand whether the levels of inflammasomes were related to the severity of RA disease, which might provide a stronger theoretical basis for RA treatment. METHODS The mRNA expression levels of some inflammasomes and associated molecules, including IL-1beta and IL-18, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 30 RA patients (n = 30) and 16 healthy control (HC) individuals were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR), and the levels of plasma IL-1beta and IL-18 were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the clinical characteristics and laboratory results of the patients were collected and analyzed in this study. RESULTS The relative mRNA expression levels of NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, caspase-1, and IL-1beta were significantly higher and those of NLRP1, NLRP2 and NLRC5 were notably lower in the HC group than in the RA group. Moreover, the plasma IL-1beta and IL-18 levels were markedly increased in the RA group. Additionally, the mRNA level of AIM2 was negatively correlated with disease activity score 28 (DAS28) by stepwise linear regression analysis. erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was positively correlated with DAS28 by multiple linear regression analysis in the RA group. CONCLUSIONS These findings imply the critical role of NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, caspase-1 and plasma IL-1beta and IL-18 in the pathogenesis of RA patients, which provides potential targets for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xiuping Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Liangfeng Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Guozhong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Guocan Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Ke Q, Greenawalt AN, Manukonda V, Ji X, Tisch RM. The regulation of self-tolerance and the role of inflammasome molecules. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1154552. [PMID: 37081890 PMCID: PMC10110889 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome molecules make up a family of receptors that typically function to initiate a proinflammatory response upon infection by microbial pathogens. Dysregulation of inflammasome activity has been linked to unwanted chronic inflammation, which has also been implicated in certain autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and related animal models. Classical inflammasome activation-dependent events have intrinsic and extrinsic effects on both innate and adaptive immune effectors, as well as resident cells in the target tissue, which all can contribute to an autoimmune response. Recently, inflammasome molecules have also been found to regulate the differentiation and function of immune effector cells independent of classical inflammasome-activated inflammation. These alternative functions for inflammasome molecules shape the nature of the adaptive immune response, that in turn can either promote or suppress the progression of autoimmunity. In this review we will summarize the roles of inflammasome molecules in regulating self-tolerance and the development of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ashley Nicole Greenawalt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Veera Manukonda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Xingqi Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Roland Michael Tisch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Roland Michael Tisch,
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Zhang Z, Li X, Wang Y, Wei Y, Wei X. Involvement of inflammasomes in tumor microenvironment and tumor therapies. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 36932407 PMCID: PMC10022228 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are macromolecular platforms formed in response to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, whose formation would cause maturation of interleukin-1 (IL-1) family members and gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to IL-1 secretion and pyroptosis respectively. Several kinds of inflammasomes detecting different types of dangers have been found. The activation of inflammasomes is regulated at both transcription and posttranscription levels, which is crucial in protecting the host from infections and sterile insults. Present findings have illustrated that inflammasomes are involved in not only infection but also the pathology of tumors implying an important link between inflammation and tumor development. Generally, inflammasomes participate in tumorigenesis, cell death, metastasis, immune evasion, chemotherapy, target therapy, and radiotherapy. Inflammasome components are upregulated in some tumors, and inflammasomes can be activated in cancer cells and other stromal cells by DAMPs, chemotherapy agents, and radiation. In some cases, inflammasomes inhibit tumor progression by initiating GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in cancer cells and stimulating IL-1 signal-mediated anti-tumor immunity. However, IL-1 signal recruits immunosuppressive cell subsets in other cases. We discuss the conflicting results and propose some possible explanations. Additionally, we also summarize interventions targeting inflammasome pathways in both preclinical and clinical stages. Interventions targeting inflammasomes are promising for immunotherapy and combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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10
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Bastami Z, Sheikhpour R, Razzaghi P, Ramazani A, Gharaghani S. Proteochemometrics modeling for prediction of the interactions between caspase isoforms and their inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023; 27:249-261. [PMID: 35438428 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Caspases (cysteine-aspartic proteases) play critical roles in inflammation and the programming of cell death in the form of necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis. The name of these enzymes has been chosen in accordance with their cysteine protease activity. They act as cysteines in nucleophilically active sites to attack and cleave target proteins in the aspartic acid and amino acid C-terminal. Based on the substrate's structure and the specificity, the physiological activity of caspases is divided. However, in apoptosis, the division of caspases into initiating caspases (caspase 2, 8, 9, and 10) and executive caspases (caspase 3, 6, and 7) is essential. The present study aimed to perform Proteochemometrics Modeling to generalize the data on caspases, which could predict ligand and protein interactions. In this study, we employed protein and ligand descriptors. Moreover, protein descriptors were computed using the Protr R package, while PADEL-Descriptor was employed for the computation of ligand descriptors. In addition, NCA (Neighborhood Component Analyses) was used for descriptor selection, and SVR, decision tree, and ensemble methods were utilized for the proteochemometrics modeling. This study shows that the ensemble model demonstrates superior performance compared with other models in terms of R2, Q2, and RMSE criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bastami
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran.,Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Drug Design (LBD), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Sheikhpour
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ardakan University, P.O. Box 184, Ardakan, Iran
| | - Parvin Razzaghi
- Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Sajjad Gharaghani
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Drug Design (LBD), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Inhibitors as Emerging Therapeutic Drug Candidate for Alzheimer's Disease: a Review of Mechanism of Activation, Regulation, and Inhibition. Inflammation 2023; 46:56-87. [PMID: 36006570 PMCID: PMC9403980 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders. The etiology and pathology of AD are complicated, variable, and yet to be completely discovered. However, the involvement of inflammasomes, particularly the NLRP3 inflammasome, has been emphasized recently. NLRP3 is a critical pattern recognition receptor involved in the expression of immune responses and has been found to play a significant role in the development of various immunological and neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, ulcerative colitis, gout, diabetes, and AD. It is a multimeric protein which releases various cytokines and causes caspase-1 activation through the process known as pyroptosis. Increased levels of cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18), caspase-1 activation, and neuropathogenic stimulus lead to the formation of proinflammatory microglial M1. Progressive researches have also shown that besides loss of neurons, the pathophysiology of AD primarily includes amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, generation of oxidative stress, and microglial damage leading to activation of NLRP3 inflammasome that eventually leads to neuroinflammation and dementia. It has been suggested in the literature that suppressing the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome has substantial potential to prevent, manage, and treat Alzheimer's disease. The present review discusses the functional composition, various models, signaling molecules, pathways, and evidence of NLRP3 activation in AD. The manuscript also discusses the synthetic drugs, their clinical status, and projected natural products as a potential therapeutic approach to manage and treat NLRP3 mediated AD.
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12
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Zhou F, Zhang G, Wu Y, Xiong Y. Inflammasome Complexes: Crucial mediators in osteoimmunology and bone diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Fan J, Ren M, Adhikari BK, Wang H, He Y. The NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Cardiac Fibrosis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:3847-3858. [PMID: 35836721 PMCID: PMC9273832 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s370483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis often has adverse cardiovascular effects, including heart failure, sudden death, and malignant arrhythmias. However, there is no targeted therapy for cardiac fibrosis. Inflammation is known to play a crucial role in the disorder, and the NLR pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely associated with innate immunity. Therefore, further understanding the pathophysiological role of the inflammasome in cardiac fibrosis may provide novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of the disorder. The aim of this review was to summarize the present knowledge of NLRP3 inflammasome-related mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis and to suggest potential targeted therapy that could be used to treat the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Fan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Binay Kumar Adhikari
- Department of Cardiology, Nepal Armed Police Force (APF) Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Haodong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuquan He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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14
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Yin H, Liu N, Sigdel KR, Duan L. Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931690. [PMID: 35833125 PMCID: PMC9271572 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by multi-articular, symmetrical and invasive arthritis resulting from immune system abnormalities involving T and B lymphocytes. Although significant progress has been made in the understanding of RA pathogenesis, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome, a regulator of inflammation, might play an important role in the development of RA. There have been increasing clinical and pre-clinical evidence showing the treatment of NLRP3/IL-1β in inflammatory diseases. To provide a foundation for the development of therapeutic strategies, we will briefly summarize the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in RA and explore its potential clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Keshav Raj Sigdel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Lihua Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Lihua Duan,
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15
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Isolation, crystal structure, absolute configuration and molecular docking of butyrolactone I as a potential inhibitor of topoisomerase II. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Kischkel B, Lopes-Bezerra L, Taborda CP, A. B. Joosten L, Cristina dos Santos J, Netea MG. Differential recognition and cytokine induction by the peptidorhamnomannan from Sporothrix brasiliensis and S. schenckii. Cell Immunol 2022; 378:104555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Ye X, Song G, Huang S, Liang Q, Fang Y, Lian L, Zhu S. Caspase-1: A Promising Target for Preserving Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity in Acute Stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:856372. [PMID: 35370546 PMCID: PMC8971909 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.856372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) acts as a physical and biochemical barrier that plays a fundamental role in regulating the blood-to-brain influx of endogenous and exogenous components and maintaining the homeostatic microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS). Acute stroke leads to BBB disruption, blood substances extravasation into the brain parenchyma, and the consequence of brain edema formation with neurological impairment afterward. Caspase-1, one of the evolutionary conserved families of cysteine proteases, which is upregulated in acute stroke, mainly mediates pyroptosis and compromises BBB integrity via lytic cellular death and inflammatory cytokines release. Nowadays, targeting caspase-1 has been proven to be effective in decreasing the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and in attenuating brain edema and secondary damages during acute stroke. However, the underlying interactions among caspase-1, BBB, and stroke still remain ill-defined. Hence, in this review, we are concerned about the roles of caspase-1 activation and its associated mechanisms in stroke-induced BBB damage, aiming at providing insights into the significance of caspase-1 inhibition on stroke treatment in the near future.
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18
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The role of the inflammasome and its related pathways in ovarian cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1470-1477. [PMID: 35288840 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal tumor of the female reproductive tract and one of the most prevalent causes of death among female cancer patients. The absence of suitable procedures for early diagnosis, chemoresistance, and limited surgical debulking are all contributing to poor survival in patients. Despite aggressive treatments, the majority of patients have a recurrence within 16-22 months. Inflammasomes are multimeric protein complexes that play a major role in the innate immune system and inflammation. The overexpression of inflammasome-related pathways, including NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), caspase-1, and Interleukin (IL)-1 have been reported in OC patients and in vitro cell lines. Therefore, inflammasome-related genes and protein might have a role in OC pathogenesis. Considering the potential relationship between inflammasome and OC, this study aimed to provide a literature-based review to explain the role of inflammasome and inflammation in cancer progression in OC.
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19
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Jiang Q, Wang X, Huang E, Wang Q, Wen C, Yang G, Lu L, Cui D. Inflammasome and Its Therapeutic Targeting in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:816839. [PMID: 35095918 PMCID: PMC8794704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.816839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome is a cytoplasmic multiprotein complex that facilitates the clearance of exogenous microorganisms or the recognition of endogenous danger signals, which is critically involved in innate inflammatory response. Excessive or abnormal activation of inflammasomes has been shown to contribute to the development of various diseases including autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative changes, and cancers. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and complex autoimmune disease, in which inflammasome activation plays a pivotal role in immune dysregulation and joint inflammation. This review summarizes recent findings on inflammasome activation and its effector mechanisms in the pathogenesis of RA and potential development of therapeutic targeting of inflammasome for the immunotherapy of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Enyu Huang
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guocan Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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20
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A small molecule inhibitor of caspase-1 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis to alleviate gouty inflammation. Immunol Lett 2022; 244:28-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Liu J, Fan G, Tao N, Sun T. Role of Pyroptosis in Respiratory Diseases and its Therapeutic Potential. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2033-2050. [PMID: 35370413 PMCID: PMC8974246 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s352563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is an inflammatory type of regulated cell death that is dependent on inflammasome activation and downstream proteases such as caspase-1 or caspase 4/5/11. The main executors are gasdermins, which have an inherent pore-forming function on the membrane and release inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18 and high mobility group box 1. Emerging evidence demonstrates that pyroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of various pulmonary diseases. In this review, we mainly discuss the biological mechanisms of pyroptosis, explore the relationship between pyroptosis and respiratory diseases, and discuss emerging therapeutic strategies for respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Tao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tieying Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Tieying Sun, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15153169108, Email
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22
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Ryder CB, Kondolf HC, O’Keefe ME, Zhou B, Abbott DW. Chemical Modulation of Gasdermin-Mediated Pyroptosis and Therapeutic Potential. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167183. [PMID: 34358546 PMCID: PMC8810912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a lytic form of programmed cell death, both stimulates effective immune responses and causes tissue damage. Gasdermin (GSDM) proteins are a family of pore-forming executors of pyroptosis. While the most-studied member, GSDMD, exerts critical functions in inflammasome biology, emerging evidence demonstrates potential broad relevance for GSDM-mediated pyroptosis across diverse pathologies. In this review, we describe GSDM biology, outline conditions where inflammasomes and GSDM-mediated pyroptosis represent rational therapeutic targets, and delineate strategies to manipulate these central immunologic processes for the treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Ryder
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
| | - Hannah C. Kondolf
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
| | - Meghan E. O’Keefe
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
| | - Bowen Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
| | - Derek W. Abbott
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106,Corresponding author: ()
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23
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Lu D, Li Y, Wang P, Wang Z, Yang D, Gong Y. Cu-Catalyzed C (sp3)–N Coupling and Alkene Carboamination Enabled by Ligand-Promoted Selective Hydrazine Transfer to Alkyl Radicals. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dengfu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd., Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yadong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd., Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd., Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd., Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Daoyi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd., Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yuefa Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Rd., Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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24
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Veloso C, Videira RA, Andrade PB, Cardoso C, Vitorino C. In vivo methodologies to assist preclinical development of topical fixed-dose combinations for pain management. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121530. [PMID: 35121043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The combination in a fixed dose of two or more active pharmaceutical ingredients in the same pharmaceutical dosage form is an approach that has been used successfully in the treatment of several pathologies, including pain. In the preclinical development of a topical fixed-dose combination product with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities for pain management, the main objective is to establish the nature of the interaction between the different active pharmaceutical ingredients while obtaining data on the medicinal product safety and efficacy. Despite the improvement of in vitro assays, animal models remain a fundamental strategy to characterise the interaction, efficacy and safety of active pharmaceutical ingredients at the physiological level, which cannot be reached by in vitro assays. Thus, the main goal of this review is to systematise the available animal models to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new fixed-dose combination product for topical administration indicated for pain management. Particular emphasis is given to animal models that are accepted for regulatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Veloso
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Romeu A Videira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cardoso
- Laboratórios Basi, Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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25
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Brain D, Plant-Hately A, Heaton B, Arshad U, David C, Hedrich C, Owen A, Liptrott NJ. Drug delivery systems as immunomodulators for therapy of infectious disease: Relevance to COVID-19. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113848. [PMID: 34182016 PMCID: PMC8233062 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, and the ensuing global pandemic, has resulted in an unprecedented response to identify therapies that can limit uncontrolled inflammation observed in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. The immune pathology behind COVID-19 is complex and involves the activation and interaction of multiple systems including, but not limited to, complement, inflammasomes, endothelial as well as innate and adaptive immune cells to bring about a convoluted profile of inflammation, coagulation and tissue damage. To date, therapeutic approaches have focussed on inhibition of coagulation, untargeted immune suppression and/or cytokine-directed blocking agents. Regardless of recently achieved improvements in individual patient outcomes and survival rates, improved and focussed approaches targeting individual systems involved is needed to further improve prognosis and wellbeing. This review summarizes the current understanding of molecular and cellular systems involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, and their contribution to pathogen clearance and damage to then discuss possible therapeutic options involving immunomodulatory drug delivery systems as well as summarising the complex interplay between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Brain
- Immunocompatibility Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alex Plant-Hately
- Immunocompatibility Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bethany Heaton
- Immunocompatibility Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Usman Arshad
- Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christopher David
- Immunocompatibility Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christian Hedrich
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Owen
- Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Neill J. Liptrott
- Immunocompatibility Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Centre of Excellence for Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Corresponding author at: Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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26
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Kong R, Sun L, Li H, Wang D. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease. Autoimmunity 2021; 55:1-7. [PMID: 34713773 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1995860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasome is a molecular platform that is formed in the cytosolic compartment to mediate host immune responses to infection and cellular damage. Inflammasome can activate caspase-1, leading to the maturation of two inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and initiation of a proinflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis. Among various inflammasome complexes, the NLRP3 inflammasome is by far the most studied inflammasome. NLRP3 inflammasome is a key factor in regulating host immune defense against infectious microbes and cellular damage. However, the dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation also participates in the pathogenesis of many human disorders. NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), gout, and systemic sclerosis (SSc). For example, NLRP3 inflammasome has been found highly activated in synovial tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from RA patients. In this paper, we will discuss the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Kong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Dashan Wang
- Research Center, Shandong Medical College, Linyi, China
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27
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Dhani S, Zhao Y, Zhivotovsky B. A long way to go: caspase inhibitors in clinical use. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:949. [PMID: 34654807 PMCID: PMC8519909 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04240-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Caspases are an evolutionary conserved family of cysteine-dependent proteases that are involved in many vital cellular processes including apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation and inflammatory response. Dysregulation of caspase-mediated apoptosis and inflammation has been linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases such as inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Multiple caspase inhibitors have been designed and synthesized as a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of cell death-related pathologies. However, only a few have progressed to clinical trials because of the consistent challenges faced amongst the different types of caspase inhibitors used for the treatment of the various pathologies, namely an inadequate efficacy, poor target specificity, or adverse side effects. Importantly, a large proportion of this failure lies in the lack of understanding various caspase functions. To overcome the current challenges, further studies on understanding caspase function in a disease model is a fundamental requirement to effectively develop their inhibitors as a treatment for the different pathologies. Therefore, the present review focuses on the descriptive properties and characteristics of caspase inhibitors known to date, and their therapeutic application in animal and clinical studies. In addition, a brief discussion on the achievements, and current challenges faced, are presented in support to providing more perspectives for further development of successful therapeutic caspase inhibitors for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanel Dhani
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yun Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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28
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Synthesis of 1,5-diazocin-2-ones. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Kim HR, Tagirasa R, Yoo E. Covalent Small Molecule Immunomodulators Targeting the Protease Active Site. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5291-5322. [PMID: 33904753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cells of the immune system utilize multiple proteases to regulate cell functions and orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses. Dysregulated protease activities are implicated in many immune-related disorders; thus, protease inhibitors have been actively investigated for pharmaceutical development. Although historically considered challenging with concerns about toxicity, compounds that covalently modify the protease active site represent an important class of agents, emerging not only as chemical probes but also as approved drugs. Here, we provide an overview of technologies useful for the study of proteases with the focus on recent advances in chemoproteomic methods and screening platforms. By highlighting covalent inhibitors that have been designed to target immunomodulatory proteases, we identify opportunities for the development of small molecule immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rae Kim
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ravichandra Tagirasa
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Euna Yoo
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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30
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He B, Nie Q, Wang F, Han Y, Yang B, Sun M, Fan X, Ye Z, Liu P, Wen J. Role of pyroptosis in atherosclerosis and its therapeutic implications. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7159-7175. [PMID: 33755211 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a significant cardiovascular burden and a leading cause of death worldwide, recognized as a chronic sterile inflammatory disease. Pyroptosis is a novel proinflammatory regulated cell death, characterized by cell swelling, plasma membrane bubbling, and robust release of proinflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin IL-1β and IL-18). Mounting studies have addressed the crucial contribution of pyroptosis to atherosclerosis and clarified the candidate therapeutic agents targeting pyroptosis for atherosclerosis. Herein, we review the initial characterization of pyroptosis, the detailed mechanisms of pyroptosis, current evidence about pyroptosis and atherosclerosis, and potential therapeutic strategies that target pyroptosis in the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiangqiang Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxin Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingsheng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiang Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyan Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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31
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Hur J, Jang J, Sim J. A Review of the Pharmacological Activities and Recent Synthetic Advances of γ-Butyrolactones. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2769. [PMID: 33803380 PMCID: PMC7967234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Butyrolactone, a five-membered lactone moiety, is one of the privileged structures of diverse natural products and biologically active small molecules. Because of their broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, synthetic methods for γ-butyrolactones have received significant attention from synthetic and medicinal chemists for decades. Recently, new developments and improvements in traditional methods have been reported by considering synthetic efficiency, feasibility, and green chemistry. In this review, the pharmacological activities of natural and synthetic γ-butyrolactones are described, including their structures and bioassay methods. Mainly, we summarize recent advances, occurring during the past decade, in the construction of γ-butyrolactone classified based on the bond formation in γ-butyrolactone between (i) C5-O1 bond, (ii) C4-C5 and C2-O1 bonds, (iii) C3-C4 and C2-O1 bonds, (iv) C3-C4 and C5-O1 bonds, (v) C2-C3 and C2-O1 bonds, (vi) C3-C4 bond, and (vii) C2-O1 bond. In addition, the application to the total synthesis of natural products bearing γ-butyrolactone scaffolds is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonseong Hur
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 25451, Korea;
| | - Jaebong Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome as new therapeutic avenue for inflammatory bowel disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111442. [PMID: 33667791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are increasing worldwide. Current approved medication for IBD treatment in the clinic mainly includes corticosteroids and neutralization antibodies to pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, drug resistance and severe side effect hinder long-term efficacy of these agents. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is exclusively expressed in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Excessive expression, aberrant activation, polymorphism, and gain-of-function mutation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contribute to IBD pathogenesis. In this article, we summarize the regulatory factors to NLRP3, and review recently developed NLRP3 inhibitors and their preclinical and clinical applications in treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. We present our views on the therapeutic potential of NLRP3 inhibitors as emerging therapeutic avenue for IBD.
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33
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Seok JK, Kang HC, Cho YY, Lee HS, Lee JY. Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Post-Translational Modifications and Small Molecules. Front Immunol 2021; 11:618231. [PMID: 33603747 PMCID: PMC7884467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.618231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a host protection mechanism that eliminates invasive pathogens from the body. However, chronic inflammation, which occurs repeatedly and continuously over a long period, can directly damage tissues and cause various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) respond to exogenous infectious agents called pathogen-associated molecular patterns and endogenous danger signals called danger-associated molecular patterns. Among PRRs, recent advancements in studies of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome have established its significant contribution to the pathology of various inflammatory diseases, including metabolic disorders, immune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The regulation of NLRP3 activation is now considered to be important for the development of potential therapeutic strategies. To this end, there is a need to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by multiple signaling pathways, post-translational modifications, and cellular organelles. In this review, we discuss the intracellular signaling events, post-translational modifications, small molecules, and phytochemicals participating in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Understanding how intracellular events and small molecule inhibitors regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation will provide crucial information for elucidating the associated host defense mechanism and the development of efficient therapeutic strategies for chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Seok
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
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34
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Dey Sarkar R, Sinha S, Biswas N. Manipulation of Inflammasome: A Promising Approach Towards Immunotherapy of Lung Cancer. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 40:171-182. [PMID: 33508984 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1876044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has emerged as a key player at different stages of cancer development. A prominent signaling pathway for acute and chronic inflammation is the activation of the caspase-1 inflammasomes. These are complexes that assemble on activation of certain nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing proteins (NLRs), AIM2-like receptors (ALRs), or pyrin due to activation via PAMPs or DAMPs. Of these, five complexes-NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, Pyrin, and AIM2 are of importance in the context of cancer for their activities in modulating immune responses, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Inflammasomes have emerged as clinically relevant in multiple forms of cancer making them highly promising targets for cancer therapy. As lungs are a tissue niche that is prone to inflammation owing to its exposure to external substances, inflammasomes play a vital role in the development and pathogenesis of lung cancer. Therefore, manipulation of inflammasome by various immunomodulatory means could prove a full-proof strategy for the treatment of lung cancer. Here, in this review, we tried to explore the various strategies to target the inflammasomes for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Dey Sarkar
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Samraj Sinha
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Nabendu Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
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35
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Wani K, AlHarthi H, Alghamdi A, Sabico S, Al-Daghri NM. Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Obesity-Mediated Metabolic Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E511. [PMID: 33435142 PMCID: PMC7826517 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome is one of the multimeric protein complexes of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR)-containing pyrin and HIN domain family (PYHIN). When activated, NLRP3 inflammasome triggers the release of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL)-1β and IL-18, an essential step in innate immune response; however, defective checkpoints in inflammasome activation may lead to autoimmune, autoinflammatory, and metabolic disorders. Among the consequences of NLRP3 inflammasome activation is systemic chronic low-grade inflammation, a cardinal feature of obesity and insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue may help in the development of specific inhibitors for the treatment and prevention of obesity-mediated metabolic diseases. In this narrative review, the current understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulation is highlighted, including its putative roles in adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance. Specific inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammasome activation which can potentially be used to treat metabolic disorders are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (H.A.); (A.A.); (S.S.)
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36
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Schwaid AG, Spencer KB. Strategies for Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Clinical and Preclinical Space. J Med Chem 2020; 64:101-122. [PMID: 33351619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome mediates inflammation in an extensive number of preclinical models. As excitement in this field has grown, several companies have recently initiated testing of direct NLRP3 inhibitors in the clinic. At the same time, the NLRP3 inflammasome is part of a larger pro-inflammatory pathway, whose modulation is also being explored. Multiple targets in this pathway are already impinged upon by molecules that have been through clinical trials. These data, informed by the growing mechanistic understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the preclinical space, provide a rich backdrop to assess the current state of the field. Here we explore attempts to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome in light of clinical and preclinical data around efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Schwaid
- Chemical Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kerrie B Spencer
- Chemical Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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37
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Surabhi S, Cuypers F, Hammerschmidt S, Siemens N. The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Pneumococcal Infections. Front Immunol 2020; 11:614801. [PMID: 33424869 PMCID: PMC7793845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.614801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are innate immune sensors that regulate caspase-1 mediated inflammation in response to environmental, host- and pathogen-derived factors. The NLRP3 inflammasome is highly versatile as it is activated by a diverse range of stimuli. However, excessive or chronic inflammasome activation and subsequent interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release are implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes. Accordingly, inflammasome inhibitor therapy has a therapeutic benefit in these diseases. In contrast, NLRP3 inflammasome is an important defense mechanism against microbial infections. IL-1β antagonizes bacterial invasion and dissemination. Unfortunately, patients receiving IL-1β or inflammasome inhibitors are reported to be at a disproportionate risk to experience invasive bacterial infections including pneumococcal infections. Pneumococci are typical colonizers of immunocompromised individuals and a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia worldwide. Here, we summarize the current limited knowledge of inflammasome activation in pneumococcal infections of the respiratory tract and how inflammasome inhibition may benefit these infections in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nikolai Siemens
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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38
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Matheny JP, Yamanushkin PM, Petillo PA, Rubin M. Facile assembly of 1,5-diazocan-2-ones via cyclization of tethered sulfonamides to cyclopropenes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44183-44190. [PMID: 35517142 PMCID: PMC9058510 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09014j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sulfonamide moiety was evaluated as an activating and stabilizing functional group in the metal-templated strain release-driven intramolecular nucleophilic addition of amines to cyclopropenes to generate 1,5-diazocan-2-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon P Matheny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas 1567 Irving Hill Road Lawrence KS 66045-7582 USA +1-785-864-5396 +1-785-864-5071
| | - Pavel M Yamanushkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas 1567 Irving Hill Road Lawrence KS 66045-7582 USA +1-785-864-5396 +1-785-864-5071
| | - Peter A Petillo
- Design-Zyme LLC 4950 Research Park Way Lawrence KS 66047 USA
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas 1567 Irving Hill Road Lawrence KS 66045-7582 USA +1-785-864-5396 +1-785-864-5071
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University 1a Pushkin St. Stavropol 355009 Russian Federation
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39
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Ye A, Li W, Zhou L, Ao L, Fang W, Li Y. Targeting pyroptosis to regulate ischemic stroke injury: Molecular mechanisms and preclinical evidences. Brain Res Bull 2020; 165:146-160. [PMID: 33065175 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide with limited therapies. After ischemic stroke occurs, a robust sterile inflammatory response happens and lasts for days and determines neurological prognosis. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death characterized by cleavage of pore-forming proteins gasdermins as a result of activating caspases and inflammasomes. It has morphological characteristics of rapid plasma-membrane rupture and release of proinflammatory intracellular contents as well as cytokines. Recent researches implicate pyroptosis involvement in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and inhibition of pyroptosis attenuates ischemic brain injury. In this review, we discussed molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, evidences for pyroptosis involvement in different kinds of the central nervous system cells, as well as potential inhibitors for intervention of pyroptosis. Based on the review, we hypothesize the feasibility of therapeutic strategies targeting pyroptosis in the context of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wanting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Luyao Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Weirong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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40
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Catarino MD, Silva A, Cruz MT, Mateus N, Silva AM, Cardoso SM. Phlorotannins from Fucus vesiculosus: Modulation of Inflammatory Response by Blocking NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6897. [PMID: 32962250 PMCID: PMC7554702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their large spectrum of bioactive properties, much attention has recently been drawn to phlorotannins-i.e., phenolic compounds characteristic from brown macroalgae. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of F. vesiculosus phlorotannin extracts and purified fractions. Overall, the crude extract and its ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAc) showed good radical scavenging activity, particularly towards nitric oxide (NO•). Subsequent subfractions of EtOAc (F1 to F9) with different molecular weights were then shown to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced NO• production in macrophages, with stronger effects being observed for fractions of lower MWs. Of the three intracellular markers analyzed, inducible NO• synthase showed the highest sensitivity to almost all the phlorotannin-rich samples, followed by interleukin 1β and cyclooxygenase 2, which was only inhibited by F2. Furthermore, this subfraction inhibited the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory protein κBα, thus preventing the activation of NF-κB and blocking the inflammatory cascade at the transcriptional level. This sample was characterized by the presence of a major compound with a deprotonated molecular ion at m/z 507 with a fragmentation pattern coherent with that of a phlorotannin derivative. Overall, this work unveiled some of the mechanistic aspects behind the anti-inflammatory capacity of phlorotannins from F. vesiculosus, endorsing its use as a possible natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D. Catarino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Ana Silva
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Maria T. Cruz
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Nuno Mateus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Artur M.S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (A.M.S.S.)
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41
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Stitham J, Rodriguez-Velez A, Zhang X, Jeong SJ, Razani B. Inflammasomes: a preclinical assessment of targeting in atherosclerosis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:825-844. [PMID: 32757967 PMCID: PMC7554266 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1795831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammasomes are central to atherosclerotic vascular dysfunction with regulatory effects on inflammation, immune modulation, and lipid metabolism. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical catalyst for atherogenesis thus highlighting its importance in understanding the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. AREAS COVERED This review includes an overview of macrophage lipid metabolism and the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cardiovascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. We highlight key activators, signal transducers and major regulatory components that are being considered as putative therapeutic targets for inhibition of NLRP3-mediated cardiovascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. EXPERT OPINION NLRP3 inflammasome activity lies at the nexus between inflammation and cholesterol metabolism; it offers unique opportunities for understanding atherosclerotic pathophysiology and identifying novel modes of treatment. As such, a host of NLRP3 signaling cascade components have been identified as putative targets for drug development. We catalog these current discoveries in therapeutic targeting of the NLRP3 inflammasome and, utilizing the CANTOS trial as the translational (bench-to-bedside) archetype, we examine the complexities, challenges, and ultimate goals facing the field of atherosclerosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Stitham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Astrid Rodriguez-Velez
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
| | - Babak Razani
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
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Chauhan D, Vande Walle L, Lamkanfi M. Therapeutic modulation of inflammasome pathways. Immunol Rev 2020; 297:123-138. [PMID: 32770571 PMCID: PMC7497261 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are macromolecular complexes formed in response to pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that drive maturation of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐18, and cleave gasdermin D (GSDMD) for induction of pyroptosis. Inflammasomes are highly important in protecting the host from various microbial pathogens and sterile insults. Inflammasome pathways are strictly regulated at both transcriptional and post‐translational checkpoints. When these checkpoints are not properly imposed, undue inflammasome activation may promote inflammatory, metabolic and oncogenic processes that give rise to autoinflammatory, autoimmune, metabolic and malignant diseases. In addition to clinically approved IL‐1‐targeted biologics, upstream targeting of inflammasome pathways recently gained interest as a novel pharmacological strategy for selectively modulating inflammasome activation in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Chauhan
- Janssen Immunosciences, World Without Disease Accelerator, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Lieselotte Vande Walle
- Laboratory of Medical Innate Immunity, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- Laboratory of Medical Innate Immunity, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Szwedowski D, Szczepanek J, Paczesny Ł, Pękała P, Zabrzyński J, Kruczyński J. Genetics in Cartilage Lesions: Basic Science and Therapy Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5430. [PMID: 32751537 PMCID: PMC7432875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage lesions have a multifactorial nature, and genetic factors are their strongest determinants. As biochemical and genetic studies have dramatically progressed over the past decade, the molecular basis of cartilage pathologies has become clearer. Several homeostasis abnormalities within cartilaginous tissue have been found, including various structural changes, differential gene expression patterns, as well as altered epigenetic regulation. However, the efficient treatment of cartilage pathologies represents a substantial challenge. Understanding the complex genetic background pertaining to cartilage pathologies is useful primarily in the context of seeking new pathways leading to disease progression as well as in developing new targeted therapies. A technology utilizing gene transfer to deliver therapeutic genes to the site of injury is quickly becoming an emerging approach in cartilage renewal. The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the genetic basis of chondral lesions and the different approaches of the most recent systems exploiting therapeutic gene transfer in cartilage repair. The integration of tissue engineering with viral gene vectors is a novel and active area of research. However, despite promising preclinical data, this therapeutic concept needs to be supported by the growing body of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Szwedowski
- Orthopedic Arthroscopic Surgery International (O.A.S.I.) Bioresearch Foundation, Gobbi N.P.O., 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Provincial Polyclinical Hospital, 87100 Torun, Poland
| | - Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87100 Torun, Poland
| | - Łukasz Paczesny
- Orvit Clinic, Citomed Healthcare Center, 87100 Torun, Poland; (Ł.P.); (J.Z.)
| | - Przemysław Pękała
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30705 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jan Zabrzyński
- Orvit Clinic, Citomed Healthcare Center, 87100 Torun, Poland; (Ł.P.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jacek Kruczyński
- Department of General Orthopaedics, Musculoskeletal Oncology and Trauma Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60512 Poznań, Poland;
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Li Z, Guo J, Bi L. Role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110542. [PMID: 32738636 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is an intracellular receptor that senses foreign pathogens and endogenous danger signals. It assembles with apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and caspase-1 to form a multimeric protein called the NLRP3 inflammasome. Among its various functions, the NLRP3 inflammasome can induce the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 while also promoting gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis. Previous studies have established a vital role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in innate and adaptive immune system as well as its contribution to several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In this review, we briefly introduce the biological features of the NLRP3 inflammasome and present the mechanisms underlying its activation and regulation. We also summarize recent studies that have reported on the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in the immune system and several autoimmune diseases, with a focus on therapeutic and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jialong Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liqi Bi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Histological scoring system for subchondral bone changes in murine models of joint aging and osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10077. [PMID: 32572077 PMCID: PMC7308327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To establish a histopathological scoring system for changes in subchondral bone in murine models of knee osteoarthritis (OA), three key parameters, subchondral bone plate (Subcho.BP) consisting of the combination of Subcho.BP.thickness (Subcho.BP.Th) and angiogenesis, bone volume (BV/TV) and osteophytes, were selected. The new grading system was tested in two mouse OA models, (1) senescence accelerated mouse (SAM)-prone 8 (SAMP8) as spontaneous OA model with SAM-resistant 1 (SAMR1) as control; (2) destabilization of the medial meniscus in C57BL/6 mice as surgical OA model. Results of the spontaneous OA model showed that Subcho.BP.Th was significantly wider, angiogenesis was greater, and BV/TV was higher in SAMP8 than SAMR1. Notably, subchondral bone score was dramatically higher in SAMP8 at 6 weeks than SAMR1, while OARSI cartilage scores became higher only at 14 weeks. In the surgical OA model, the results were similar to the spontaneous OA model, but osteophytes appeared earlier. There were strong correlations both in Subcho.BP.Th and BV/TV between this scoring system and µCT (r = 0.89, 0.84, respectively). Inter-rater reliabilities for each parameter using this system were more than 0.943. We conclude that this new histopathological scoring system is readily applicable for evaluating the early changes in aging and OA-affected murine subchondral bone.
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Marchesan JT, Girnary MS, Moss K, Monaghan ET, Egnatz GJ, Jiao Y, Zhang S, Beck J, Swanson KV. Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics. Periodontol 2000 2020; 82:93-114. [PMID: 31850638 PMCID: PMC6927484 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a group of multimolecular intracellular complexes assembled around several innate immune proteins. Recognition of a diverse range of microbial, stress and damage signals by inflammasomes results in direct activation of caspase‐1, which subsequently induces the only known form of secretion of active interleukin‐1β and interleukin‐18. Although the importance of interleukin‐1β in the periodontium is not questioned, the impact of inflammasomes in periodontal disease and its potential for therapeutics in periodontology is still in its very early stages. Increasing evidence in preclinical models and human data strongly implicate the involvement of inflammasomes in a number of inflammatory, autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Here we review: (a) the currently known inflammasome functions, (b) clinical/preclinical data supporting inflammasome involvement in the context of periodontal and comorbid diseases and (c) potential therapies targeting inflammasomes. To clarify further the inflammasome involvement in periodontitis, we present analyses of data from a large clinical study (n = 5809) that measured the gingival crevicular fluid‐interleukin‐1β and grouped the participants based on current periodontal disease classifications. We review data on 4910 European‐Americans that correlate 16 polymorphisms in the interleukin‐1B region with high gingival crevicular fluid‐interleukin‐1β levels. We show that inflammasome components are increased in diseased periodontal tissues and that the caspase‐1 inhibitor, VX‐765, inhibits ~50% of alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis. The literature review further supports that although patients clinically present with the same phenotype, the disease that develops probably has different underlying biological pathways. The current data indicate that inflammasomes have a role in periodontal disease pathogenesis. Understanding the contribution of different inflammasomes to disease development and distinct patient susceptibility will probably translate into improved, personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie T Marchesan
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mustafa Saadat Girnary
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Moss
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eugenia Timofeev Monaghan
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Grant Joseph Egnatz
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yizu Jiao
- Department of Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shaoping Zhang
- Periodontics Department, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jim Beck
- Department of Dental Ecology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Karen V Swanson
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Huang S, Che J, Chu Q, Zhang P. The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Radiation-Induced Cardiovascular Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:140. [PMID: 32226786 PMCID: PMC7080656 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing risk of long-term adverse effects from radiotherapy on the cardiovascular structure is receiving increasing attention. However, the mechanisms underlying this increased risk remain poorly understood. Recently, the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich-repeat-containing family pyrin 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was suggested to play a critical role in radiation-induced cardiovascular injury. However, the relationship between ionizing radiation and the NLRP3 inflammasome in acute and chronic inflammation is complex. We reviewed literature detailing pathological changes and molecular mechanisms associated with radiation-induced damage to the cardiovascular structure, with a specific focus on NLRP3 inflammasome-related cardiovascular diseases. We also summarized possible therapeutic strategies for the prevention of radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Che
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kumi RO, Soremekun OS, Issahaku AR, Agoni C, Olotu FA, Soliman MES. Exploring the ring potential of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives towards the identification of novel caspase-1 inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease therapy. J Mol Model 2020; 26:68. [PMID: 32130533 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-4319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory activation of caspase-1 in the neurodegenerative pathway has been associated with age-dependent cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in humans. A recent report highlighted 2,4-diaminopyrimidine ring as an essential fragment in the inhibition of human caspase-1. However, the role of the ring and its enzyme inhibitory mechanism is not thoroughly investigated at the molecular level. The purpose of this study is therefore in twofold: (1) to understand the enzyme binding mechanism of the 2,4-diaminopyrimidine ring and (2) to search for more potent caspase-1 inhibitors that contain the ring, using integrative per-residue energy decomposition (PRED) pharmacophore modeling. Ligand interaction profile of a reference compound revealed a peculiar hydrogen formation of the amino group of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine with active site residue Arg341, possibly forming the bases for its inhibitory prowess against caspase-1. A generated pharmacophore model for structure-based virtual screening identified compounds, ZINC724667, ZINC09908119, and ZINC09933770, as potential caspase-1 inhibitors that possessed desirable pharmacokinetic and physiochemical properties. Further analyses revealed active site residues, Arg179, Ser236, Cys285, Gln283, Ser339, and Arg341, as crucial to inhibitor binding by stabilizing and forming hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic, and pi-pi interactions with the 2,4-diaminopyrimidine rings. Common interaction patterns of the hits could have accounted for their selective and high-affinity ligand binding, which was characterized by notable disruptions in caspase-1 structural architecture. These compounds could further be explored as potential leads in the development of novel caspase-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ransford Oduro Kumi
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Opeyemi S Soremekun
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Abdul Rashid Issahaku
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Clement Agoni
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Fisayo A Olotu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
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Spel L, Martinon F. Inflammasomes contributing to inflammation in arthritis. Immunol Rev 2020; 294:48-62. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Spel
- Departement of Biochemistry University of Lausanne Epalinges Switzerland
| | - Fabio Martinon
- Departement of Biochemistry University of Lausanne Epalinges Switzerland
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Zahid A, Li B, Kombe AJK, Jin T, Tao J. Pharmacological Inhibitors of the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2538. [PMID: 31749805 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02538/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes play a crucial role in innate immunity by serving as signaling platforms which deal with a plethora of pathogenic products and cellular products associated with stress and damage. By far, the best studied and most characterized inflammasome is NLRP3 inflammasome, which consists of NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain containing receptor 3), ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain), and procaspase-1. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is mediated by highly diverse stimuli. Upon activation, NLRP3 protein recruits the adapter ASC protein, which recruits the procaspase-1 resulting in its cleavage and activation, inducing the maturation, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis. However, aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in various diseases including diabetes, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases; raising a tremendous clinical interest in exploring the potential inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammasome. Recent investigations have disclosed various inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway which were validated through in vitro studies and in vivo experiments in animal models of NLRP3-associated disorders. Some of these inhibitors directly target the NLRP3 protein whereas some are aimed at other components and products of the inflammasome. Direct targeting of NLRP3 protein can be a better choice because it can prevent off target immunosuppressive effects, thus restrain tissue destruction. This paper will review the various pharmacological inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome and will also discuss their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Zahid
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bofeng Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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