1
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Xu J, Liu X, Huang Z, Lu T, Zhang Y, Cai D, Li X. XRCC2 knockdown effectively sensitizes esophageal cancer to albumin-paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10885-4. [PMID: 39048769 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC), a prevalent malignancy, has a high incidence and mortality. X-ray repair cross complementing 2 (XRCC2) functions on DNA damage and repair that works the progression of various cancers. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of XRCC2 remain unknown in EC. The XRCC2 expression was examined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The function of XRCC2 in EC were investigated through cell counting kit-8, colony formation, transwell, flow cytometry, chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase, and western blot experiments. Besides, the role of XRCC2 in EC was assessed by western blot and immunohistochemistry experiments after nude mice were injected with EC109 cells and treated with nab-paclitaxel. The XRCC2 expression was upregulated in EC. Knockdown of XRCC2 diminished cell viability, and the number of colonies, migration cells and invasion cells of KYSE150 and EC109 cells. Silencing of XRCC2 diminished the cell viability of both two cells with a lower IC50, whereas boosted the apoptosis rate of both cells with the treatment of albumin-paclitaxel. All these outcomes were reverse with the upregulation of XRCC2 in both two cells. Mechanically, XRCC2 was transcriptionally regulated by specificity protein 1 (SP1), and silencing of SP1 inhibited the cell growth of EC. In vivo, transfection of shXRCC2 with or without albumin-paclitaxel treatment both decreased the tumor size and weight, as well as the expression of XRCC2 and Ki-67 in xenografted mice. XRCC2 transcriptionally regulated by SP2 promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance of EC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zebo Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingxun Lu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongyan Cai
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Elmaidomy AH, El Zawily A, Salem AK, Altemani FH, Algehainy NA, Altemani AH, Rateb ME, Abdelmohsen UR, Shady NH. New cytotoxic dammarane type saponins from Ziziphus spina-christi. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20612. [PMID: 37996449 PMCID: PMC10667233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the world's second-leading cause of death. Drug development efforts frequently focus on medicinal plants since they are a valuable source of anticancer medications. A phytochemical investigation of the edible Ziziphus spina-christi (F. Rhamnaceae) leaf extract afforded two new dammarane type saponins identified as christinin E and F (1, 2), along with the known compound christinin A (3). Different cancer cell lines, such as lung cancer (A549), glioblastoma (U87), breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and colorectal carcinoma (CT-26) cell lines, were used to investigate the extracted compounds' cytotoxic properties. Our findings showed significant effects on all the tested cell lines at varying concentrations (1, 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL). The three compounds exhibited potent activity at low concentrations (< 10 μg/mL), as evidenced by their low IC50 values. To further investigate the complex relationships between these identified cancer-relevant biological targets and to identify critical targets in the pathogenesis of the disease, we turned to network pharmacology and in silico-based investigations. Following this, in silico-based analysis (e.g., inverse docking, ΔG calculation, and molecular dynamics simulation) was performed on the structures of the isolated compounds to identify additional potential targets for these compounds and their likely interactions with various signalling pathways relevant to this disease. Based on our findings, Z. spina-christi's compounds showed promise as potential anti-cancer therapeutic leads in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Amr El Zawily
- Department of Plant and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Faisal H Altemani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh A Algehainy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Altemani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa E Rateb
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia, 61111, Egypt.
| | - Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia, 61111, Egypt
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3
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Kume M, Ahmad A, DeFea KA, Vagner J, Dussor G, Boitano S, Price TJ. Protease-Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2) Expressed in Sensory Neurons Contributes to Signs of Pain and Neuropathy in Paclitaxel Treated Mice. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:1980-1993. [PMID: 37315729 PMCID: PMC10615692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common, dose-limiting side effect of cancer therapy. Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is implicated in a variety of pathologies, including CIPN. In this study, we demonstrate the role of PAR2 expressed in sensory neurons in a paclitaxel (PTX)-induced model of CIPN in mice. PAR2 knockout/wildtype (WT) mice and mice with PAR2 ablated in sensory neurons were treated with PTX administered via intraperitoneal injection. In vivo behavioral studies were done in mice using von Frey filaments and the Mouse Grimace Scale. We then examined immunohistochemical staining of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and hind paw skin samples from CIPN mice to measure satellite cell gliosis and intra-epidermal nerve fiber (IENF) density. The pharmacological reversal of CIPN pain was tested with the PAR2 antagonist C781. Mechanical allodynia caused by PTX treatment was alleviated in PAR2 knockout mice of both sexes. In the PAR2 sensory neuronal conditional knockout (cKO) mice, both mechanical allodynia and facial grimacing were attenuated in mice of both sexes. In the DRG of the PTX-treated PAR2 cKO mice, satellite glial cell activation was reduced compared to control mice. IENF density analysis of the skin showed that the PTX-treated control mice had a reduction in nerve fiber density while the PAR2 cKO mice had a comparable skin innervation as the vehicle-treated animals. Similar results were seen with satellite cell gliosis in the DRG, where gliosis induced by PTX was absent in PAR cKO mice. Finally, C781 was able to transiently reverse established PTX-evoked mechanical allodynia. PERSPECTIVE: Our work demonstrates that PAR2 expressed in sensory neurons plays a key role in PTX-induced mechanical allodynia, spontaneous pain, and signs of neuropathy, suggesting PAR2 as a possible therapeutic target in multiple aspects of PTX CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeno Kume
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Ayesha Ahmad
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | | | | | - Gregory Dussor
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
| | - Scott Boitano
- University of Arizona Bio5 Research Institute
- University of Arizona Heath Sciences, Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center
- University of Arizona Heath Sciences, Department of Physiology
| | - Theodore J. Price
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies
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4
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Chew YM, Cross RA. Taxol acts differently on different tubulin isotypes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:946. [PMID: 37717119 PMCID: PMC10505170 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxol is a small molecule effector that allosterically locks tubulin into the microtubule lattice. We show here that taxol has different effects on different single-isotype microtubule lattices. Using in vitro reconstitution, we demonstrate that single-isotype α1β4 GDP-tubulin lattices are stabilised and expanded by 10 µM taxol, as reported by accelerated microtubule gliding in kinesin motility assays, whereas single-isotype α1β3 GDP-tubulin lattices are stabilised but not expanded. This isotype-specific action of taxol drives gliding of segmented-isotype GDP-taxol microtubules along convoluted, sinusoidal paths, because their expanded α1β4 segments try to glide faster than their compacted α1β3 segments. In GMPCPP, single-isotype α1β3 and α1β4 lattices both show accelerated gliding, indicating that both can in principle be driven to expand. We therefore propose that taxol-induced lattice expansion requires a higher taxol occupancy than taxol-induced stabilisation, and that higher taxol occupancies are accessible to α1β4 but not α1β3 single-isotype lattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yean Ming Chew
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, CV4 7LA, UK
| | - Robert A Cross
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, CV4 7LA, UK.
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5
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Olivares-Ferretti P, Beltrán JF, Salazar LA, Fonseca-Salamanca F. Protein Modelling and Molecular Docking Analysis of Fasciola hepatica β-Tubulin's Interaction Sites, with Triclabendazole, Triclabendazole Sulphoxide and Triclabendazole Sulphone. Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:535-547. [PMID: 37330945 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00692-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fasciola hepatica is a globally distributed trematode that causes significant economic losses. Triclabendazole is the primary pharmacological treatment for this parasite. However, the increasing resistance to triclabendazole limits its efficacy. Previous pharmacodynamics studies suggested that triclabendazole acts by interacting mainly with the β monomer of tubulin. METHODS We used a high-quality method to model the six isotypes of F. hepatica β-tubulin in the absence of three-dimensional structures. Molecular dockings were conducted to evaluate the destabilization regions in the molecule against the ligands triclabendazole, triclabendazole sulphoxide and triclabendazole sulphone. RESULTS The nucleotide binding site demonstrates higher affinity than the binding sites of colchicine, albendazole, the T7 loop and pβVII (p < 0.05). We suggest that the binding of the ligands to the polymerization site of β-tubulin can lead a microtubule disruption. Furthermore, we found that triclabendazole sulphone exhibited significantly higher binding affinity than other ligands (p < 0.05) across all isotypes of β-tubulin. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation has yielded new insight on the mechanism of action of triclabendazole and its sulphometabolites on F. hepatica β-tubulin through computational tools. These findings have significant implications for ongoing scientific research ongoing towards the discovery of novel therapeutics to treat F. hepatica infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Olivares-Ferretti
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoparasitology, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge F Beltrán
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Luis A Salazar
- Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - Flery Fonseca-Salamanca
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoparasitology, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco, Chile.
- Preclinical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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6
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Gutierrez BC, Cantiello HF, Cantero MDR. The electrical properties of isolated microtubules. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10165. [PMID: 37349383 PMCID: PMC10287629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examines the electrical properties of isolated brain microtubules (MTs), which are long hollow cylinders assembled from αβ-tubulin dimers that form cytoskeletal structures engaged in several functions. MTs are implicated in sensory functions in cilia and flagella and cellular activities that range from cell motility, vesicular traffic, and neuronal processes to cell division in the centrosomes and centrioles. We determined the electrical properties of the MTs with the loose patch clamp technique in either the presence or absence of the MT stabilizer Paclitaxel. We observed electrical oscillations at different holding potentials that responded accordingly in amplitude and polarity. At zero mV in symmetrical ionic conditions, a single MT radiated an electrical power of 10-17 W. The spectral analysis of the time records disclosed a single fundamental peak at 39 Hz in the Paclitaxel-stabilized MTs. However, a richer oscillatory response and two mean conductances were observed in the non-Paclitaxel MTs. The findings evidence that the brain MTs are electrical oscillators that behave as "ionic-based" transistors to generate, propagate, and amplify electrical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda C Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Salud, Tecnología y Desarrollo (IMSaTeD, CONICET-UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Horacio F Cantiello
- Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Salud, Tecnología y Desarrollo (IMSaTeD, CONICET-UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - María Del Rocío Cantero
- Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Salud, Tecnología y Desarrollo (IMSaTeD, CONICET-UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Argentina.
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7
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Uba AI, Bui-Linh C, Thornton JM, Olivieri M, Wu C. Computational analysis of drug resistance of taxanes bound to human β-tubulin mutant (D26E). J Mol Graph Model 2023; 123:108503. [PMID: 37209440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The single-point mutation D26E in human β-tubulin is associated with drug resistance seen with two anti-mitotic taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) when used to treat cancers. The molecular mechanism of this resistance remains elusive. However, docetaxel and a third-generation taxane, cabazitaxel, are thought to overcome this resistance. Here, structural models of both the wildtype (WT) and D26E mutant (MT) human β-tubulin were constructed based on the crystal structure of pig β-tubulin in complex with docetaxel (PDB ID: 1TUB). The three taxanes were docked into the WT and MT β-tubulin, and the resulting complexes were submitted to three independent runs of 200 ns molecular dynamic simulations, which were then averaged. MM/GBSA calculations revealed the binding energy of paclitaxel with WT and MT β-Tubulin to be -101.5 ± 8.4 and -90.4 ± 8.9 kcal/mol, respectively. The binding energy of docetaxel was estimated to be -104.7 ± 7.0 kcal/mol with the WT and -103.8 ± 5.5 kcal/mol with the MT β-tubulin. Interestingly, cabazitaxel was found to have a binding energy of -122.8 ± 10.8 kcal/mol against the WT and -106.2 ± 7.0 kcal/mol against the MT β-tubulin. These results show that paclitaxel and docetaxel bound to the MT less strongly than the WT, suggesting possible drug resistance. Similarly, cabazitaxel displayed a greater binding propensity against WT and MT β-tubulin than the other two taxanes. Furthermore, the dynamic cross-correlation matrices (DCCM) analysis suggests that the single-point mutation D26E induces a subtle dynamical difference in the ligand-binding domain. Overall, the present study revealed how the single-point mutation D26E may reduce the binding affinity of the taxanes, however, the effect of the mutation does not significantly affect the binding of cabazitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Complex Systems Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul AREL University, 34537, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Candice Bui-Linh
- College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Julianne M Thornton
- College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Michael Olivieri
- College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Chun Wu
- College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA.
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8
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Yoshida D, Akita K, Higaki T. Machine learning and feature analysis of the cortical microtubule organization of Arabidopsis cotyledon pavement cells. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:987-998. [PMID: 36219259 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of cytoskeletal features can provide valuable insights into cell biology. In recent years, digital image analysis of cytoskeletal features has become an important research tool for quantitative evaluation of cytoskeleton organization. In this study, we examined the utility of a supervised machine learning approach with digital image analysis to distinguish different cellular organizational patterns. We focused on the jigsaw puzzle-shaped pavement cells of Arabidopsis thaliana. Measurements of three features of cortical microtubules in these cells (parallelness, density, and the coefficient of variation of the intensity distribution of fluorescently labeled cytoskeletons [as an indicator of microtubule bundling]) were obtained from microscopic images. A random forest machine learning model was then used with these images to differentiate mutant and wild type, and Taxol-treated and control cells. Using these three metrics, we were able to distinguish wild type from bpp125 triple mutant cells, with approximately 80% accuracy; classification accuracy was 88% for control and Taxol-treated cells. Different features contributed most to the classification, namely, coefficient of variation for the wild-type/mutant cells and parallelness for the Taxol-treated/control cells. The random forest method used enabled quantitative evaluation of the contribution of features to the classification, and partial dependence plots showed the relationships between metric values and classification accuracy. While further improvements to the method are needed, our small-scale analysis shows the potential for this approach in large-scale screening analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kae Akita
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Meijirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Takumi Higaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
- International Research Organization in Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
- International Research Center for Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
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9
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Kalra A, Benny A, Travis SM, Zizzi EA, Morales-Sanchez A, Oblinsky DG, Craddock TJA, Hameroff SR, MacIver MB, Tuszyński JA, Petry S, Penrose R, Scholes GD. Electronic Energy Migration in Microtubules. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:352-361. [PMID: 36968538 PMCID: PMC10037452 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The repeating arrangement of tubulin dimers confers great mechanical strength to microtubules, which are used as scaffolds for intracellular macromolecular transport in cells and exploited in biohybrid devices. The crystalline order in a microtubule, with lattice constants short enough to allow energy transfer between amino acid chromophores, is similar to synthetic structures designed for light harvesting. After photoexcitation, can these amino acid chromophores transfer excitation energy along the microtubule like a natural or artificial light-harvesting system? Here, we use tryptophan autofluorescence lifetimes to probe energy hopping between aromatic residues in tubulin and microtubules. By studying how the quencher concentration alters tryptophan autofluorescence lifetimes, we demonstrate that electronic energy can diffuse over 6.6 nm in microtubules. We discover that while diffusion lengths are influenced by tubulin polymerization state (free tubulin versus tubulin in the microtubule lattice), they are not significantly altered by the average number of protofilaments (13 versus 14). We also demonstrate that the presence of the anesthetics etomidate and isoflurane reduce exciton diffusion. Energy transport as explained by conventional Förster theory (accommodating for interactions between tryptophan and tyrosine residues) does not sufficiently explain our observations. Our studies indicate that microtubules are, unexpectedly, effective light harvesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarat
P. Kalra
- Department
of Chemistry, New Frick Chemistry Building, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Alfy Benny
- Department
of Chemistry, New Frick Chemistry Building, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Sophie M. Travis
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Schultz Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Eric A. Zizzi
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (DIMEAS), Politecnico di Torino, Torino10129, Italy
| | - Austin Morales-Sanchez
- Department
of Chemistry, New Frick Chemistry Building, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Daniel G. Oblinsky
- Department
of Chemistry, New Frick Chemistry Building, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Travis J. A. Craddock
- Departments
of Psychology & Neuroscience, Computer Science, and Clinical Immunology, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida33314, United States
| | - Stuart R. Hameroff
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Center for Consciousness Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona85721, United States
| | - M. Bruce MacIver
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Jack A. Tuszyński
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (DIMEAS), Politecnico di Torino, Torino10129, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AlbertaT6G 2E1, Canada
- Department
of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AlbertaT6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Sabine Petry
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Schultz Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Roger Penrose
- Mathematical
Institute, Andrew Wiles Building, University
of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, United
Kingdom
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department
of Chemistry, New Frick Chemistry Building, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
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10
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Wong DCP, Ding JL. The mechanobiology of NK cells- 'Forcing NK to Sense' target cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188860. [PMID: 36791921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes that recognize and kill cancer and infected cells, which makes them unique 'off-the-shelf' candidates for a new generation of immunotherapies. Biomechanical forces in homeostasis and pathophysiology accrue additional immune regulation for NK immune responses. Indeed, cellular and tissue biomechanics impact NK receptor clustering, cytoskeleton remodeling, NK transmigration through endothelial cells, nuclear mechanics, and even NK-dendritic cell interaction, offering a plethora of unexplored yet important dynamic regulation for NK immunotherapy. Such events are made more complex by the heterogeneity of human NK cells. A significant question remains on whether and how biochemical and biomechanical cues collaborate for NK cell mechanotransduction, a process whereby mechanical force is sensed, transduced, and translated to downstream mechanical and biochemical signalling. Herein, we review recent advances in understanding how NK cells perceive and mechanotransduce biophysical cues. We focus on how the cellular cytoskeleton crosstalk regulates NK cell function while bearing in mind the heterogeneity of NK cells, the direct and indirect mechanical cues for NK anti-tumor activity, and finally, engineering advances that are of translational relevance to NK cell biology at the systems level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Chen Pei Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
| | - Jeak Ling Ding
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore; Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
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11
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Mouron S, Bueno MJ, Lluch A, Manso L, Calvo I, Cortes J, Garcia-Saenz JA, Gil-Gil M, Martinez-Janez N, Apala JV, Caleiras E, Ximénez-Embún P, Muñoz J, Gonzalez-Cortijo L, Murillo R, Sánchez-Bayona R, Cejalvo JM, Gómez-López G, Fustero-Torre C, Sabroso-Lasa S, Malats N, Martinez M, Moreno A, Megias D, Malumbres M, Colomer R, Quintela-Fandino M. Phosphoproteomic analysis of neoadjuvant breast cancer suggests that increased sensitivity to paclitaxel is driven by CDK4 and filamin A. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7529. [PMID: 36477027 PMCID: PMC9729295 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision oncology research is challenging outside the contexts of oncogenic addiction and/or targeted therapies. We previously showed that phosphoproteomics is a powerful approach to reveal patient subsets of interest characterized by the activity of a few kinases where the underlying genomics is complex. Here, we conduct a phosphoproteomic screening of samples from HER2-negative female breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant paclitaxel (N = 130), aiming to find candidate biomarkers of paclitaxel sensitivity. Filtering 11 candidate biomarkers through 2 independent patient sets (N = 218) allowed the identification of a subgroup of patients characterized by high levels of CDK4 and filamin-A who had a 90% chance of achieving a pCR in response to paclitaxel. Mechanistically, CDK4 regulates filamin-A transcription, which in turn forms a complex with tubulin and CLIP-170, which elicits increased binding of paclitaxel to microtubules, microtubule acetylation and stabilization, and mitotic catastrophe. Thus, phosphoproteomics allows the identification of explainable factors for predicting response to paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mouron
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Bueno
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Lluch
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - L Manso
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Calvo
- Medical Oncology Department MD, Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cortes
- International Breast Cancer Center Quiron Group, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J A Garcia-Saenz
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gil-Gil
- Medical Oncoogy Department Institut, Catala d'Oncologia-IDIBELL L'Hospitalet de, Llobregat, Spain
| | - N Martinez-Janez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - J V Apala
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Caleiras
- Histopathology Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Ximénez-Embún
- Proteomics Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Muñoz
- Proteomics Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Gonzalez-Cortijo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Murillo
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Sánchez-Bayona
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Cejalvo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - G Gómez-López
- Bioinformatics Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fustero-Torre
- Bioinformatics Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Sabroso-Lasa
- Genetic & Molecular Epidemiology Group Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Malats
- Genetic & Molecular Epidemiology Group Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Martinez
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Moreno
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Megias
- Confocal Microscopy Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Malumbres
- Cell Division and Cancer Group Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Colomer
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Endowed Chair of Personalized Precision Medicine Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) - Fundacion Instituto Roche, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Quintela-Fandino
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas - CNIO, Madrid, Spain.
- Endowed Chair of Personalized Precision Medicine Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) - Fundacion Instituto Roche, Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Shaik BB, Katari NK, Jonnalagadda SB. Role of Natural Products in Developing Novel Anticancer Agents: A Perspective. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200535. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baji Baba Shaik
- Department of Chemistry School of Science GITAM Deemed to be University Hyderabad Telangana 502329 India
- School of Chemistry & Physics Westville Campus University of KwaZulu-Natal Chiltern Hills Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Naresh Kumar Katari
- Department of Chemistry School of Science GITAM Deemed to be University Hyderabad Telangana 502329 India
- School of Chemistry & Physics Westville Campus University of KwaZulu-Natal Chiltern Hills Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Sreekantha Babu Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry & Physics Westville Campus University of KwaZulu-Natal Chiltern Hills Durban 4000 South Africa
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13
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Peña-Ortega F, Robles-Gómez ÁA, Xolalpa-Cueva L. Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060923. [PMID: 35326374 PMCID: PMC8946818 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal microtubules (MTs) are complex cytoskeletal protein arrays that undergo activity-dependent changes in their structure and function as a response to physiological demands throughout the lifespan of neurons. Many factors shape the allostatic dynamics of MTs and tubulin dimers in the cytosolic microenvironment, such as protein–protein interactions and activity-dependent shifts in these interactions that are responsible for their plastic capabilities. Recently, several findings have reinforced the role of MTs in behavioral and cognitive processes in normal and pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the bidirectional relationships between MTs dynamics, neuronal processes, and brain and behavioral states. The outcomes of manipulating the dynamicity of MTs by genetic or pharmacological approaches on neuronal morphology, intrinsic and synaptic excitability, the state of the network, and behaviors are heterogeneous. We discuss the critical position of MTs as responders and adaptative elements of basic neuronal function whose impact on brain function is not fully understood, and we highlight the dilemma of artificially modulating MT dynamics for therapeutic purposes.
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14
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Pharmacological Inhibition of PP2A Overcomes Nab-Paclitaxel Resistance by Downregulating MCL1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194766. [PMID: 34638252 PMCID: PMC8507542 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Paclitaxel-based chemotherapy has been introduced to treat esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. While its initial efficacy has been clinically established, the development of resistance is inevitable. To understand the paclitaxel resistance mechanism, we developed nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX)-resistant esophageal squamous cell lines from their sensitive counterparts. We found that resistant cells express higher levels of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), oxidative phosphorylation, and anti-apoptotic protein MCL1 than their counterparts. Therapeutically, the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 synergistically sensitized resistant esophageal squamous cells to nab-PTX both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, our data suggest that LB-100 may potentially overcome nab-PTX resistance in a clinical setting. Abstract Paclitaxel-based chemotherapy is a treatment option for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the development of chemoresistance leads to treatment failure, and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. We investigated the mechanisms of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) resistance by establishing three nab-PTX resistant ESCC cell lines. Proteomics analysis revealed higher oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in resistant cell line DR150 than in its parental cell line KYSE150, which is likely caused by stabilized anti-apoptotic protein MCL1. Additionally, we discovered the elevated activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), the phosphatase that dephosphorylates and stabilizes MCL1, in nab-PTX resistant cell lines. Pharmacological inhibition of PP2A with small molecule compound LB-100 decreased MCL1 protein level, caused more apoptosis in nab-PTX resistant ESCC cell lines than in the parental cells in vitro, and significantly inhibited the tumor growth of nab-PTX resistant xenografts in vivo. Moreover, LB-100 pretreatment partially restored nab-PTX sensitivity in the resistant cell lines and synergistically inhibited the tumor growth of nab-PTX resistant xenografts with nab-PTX. In summary, our study identifies a novel mechanism whereby elevated PP2A activity stabilizes MCL1 protein, increases OXPHOS, and confers nab-PTX resistance, suggesting that targeting PP2A is a potential strategy for reversing nab-PTX resistance in patients with advanced ESCC.
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15
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Cross DJ, Huber BR, Silverman MA, Cline MM, Gill TB, Cross CG, Cook DG, Minoshima S. Intranasal Paclitaxel Alters Alzheimer's Disease Phenotypic Features in 3xTg-AD Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:379-394. [PMID: 34308901 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microtubule stabilizing drugs, commonly used as anti-cancer therapeutics, have been proposed for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, many do not cross the blood-brain barrier. OBJECTIVE This research investigated if paclitaxel (PTX) delivered via the intranasal (IN) route could alter the phenotypic progression of AD in 3xTg-AD mice. METHODS We administered intranasal PTX in 3XTg-AD mice (3xTg-AD n = 15, 10 weeks and n = 10, 44 weeks, PTX: 0.6 mg/kg or 0.9%saline (SAL)) at 2-week intervals. After treatment, 3XTg-AD mice underwent manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to measure in vivo axonal transport. In a separate 3XTg-AD cohort, PTX-treated mice were tested in a radial water tread maze at 52 weeks of age after four treatments, and at 72 weeks of age, anxiety was assessed by an elevated-plus maze after 14 total treatments. RESULTS PTX increased axonal transport rates in treated 3XTg-AD compared to controls (p≤0.003). Further investigation using an in vitro neuron model of Aβ-induced axonal transport disruption confirmed PTX prevented axonal transport deficits. Confocal microscopy after treatment found fewer phospho-tau containing neurons (5.25±3.8 versus 8.33±2.5, p < 0.04) in the CA1, altered microglia, and reduced reactive astrocytes. PTX improved performance of 3xTg-AD on the water tread maze compared to controls and not significantly different from WT (Day 5, 143.8±43 versus 91.5±77s and Day 12, 138.3±52 versus 107.7±75s for SAL versus PTX). Elevated plus maze revealed that PTX-treated 3xTg-AD mice spent more time exploring open arms (Open arm 129.1±80 versus 20.9±31s for PTX versus SAL, p≤0.05). CONCLUSION Taken collectively, these findings indicate that intranasal-administered microtubule-stabilizing drugs may offer a potential therapeutic option for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna J Cross
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences>, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Bertrand R Huber
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Silverman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Marcella M Cline
- The Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Trevor B Gill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Chloe G Cross
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences>, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David G Cook
- The Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Satoshi Minoshima
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences>, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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16
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Best RL, LaPointe NE, Azarenko O, Miller H, Genualdi C, Chih S, Shen BQ, Jordan MA, Wilson L, Feinstein SC, Stagg NJ. Microtubule and tubulin binding and regulation of microtubule dynamics by the antibody drug conjugate (ADC) payload, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE): Mechanistic insights into MMAE ADC peripheral neuropathy. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 421:115534. [PMID: 33852878 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is a potent anti-cancer microtubule-targeting agent (MTA) used as a payload in three approved MMAE-containing antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and multiple ADCs in clinical development to treat different types of cancers. Unfortunately, MMAE-ADCs can induce peripheral neuropathy, a frequent adverse event leading to treatment dose reduction or discontinuation and subsequent clinical termination of many MMAE-ADCs. MMAE-ADC-induced peripheral neuropathy is attributed to non-specific uptake of the ADC in peripheral nerves and release of MMAE, disrupting microtubules (MTs) and causing neurodegeneration. However, molecular mechanisms underlying MMAE and MMAE-ADC effects on MTs remain unclear. Here, we characterized MMAE-tubulin/MT interactions in reconstituted in vitro soluble tubulin or MT systems and evaluated MMAE and vcMMAE-ADCs in cultured human MCF7 cells. MMAE bound to soluble tubulin heterodimers with a maximum stoichiometry of ~1:1, bound abundantly along the length of pre-assembled MTs and with high affinity at MT ends, introduced structural defects, suppressed MT dynamics, and reduced the kinetics and extent of MT assembly while promoting tubulin ring formation. In cells, MMAE and MMAE-ADC (via nonspecific uptake) suppressed proliferation, mitosis and MT dynamics, and disrupted the MT network. Comparing MMAE action to other MTAs supports the hypothesis that peripheral neuropathy severity is determined by the precise mechanism(s) of each individual drug-MT interaction (location of binding, affinity, effects on morphology and dynamics). This work demonstrates that MMAE binds extensively to tubulin and MTs and causes severe MT dysregulation, providing convincing evidence that MMAE-mediated inhibition of MT-dependent axonal transport leads to severe peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Best
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Nichole E LaPointe
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Olga Azarenko
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Herb Miller
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Christine Genualdi
- Safety Assessment, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Stephen Chih
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Ben-Quan Shen
- Preclinical and Translational PK, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Mary Ann Jordan
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Leslie Wilson
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Stuart C Feinstein
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Nicola J Stagg
- Safety Assessment, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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17
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Cui H, Arnst K, Miller DD, Li W. Recent Advances in Elucidating Paclitaxel Resistance Mechanisms in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Strategies to Overcome Drug Resistance. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:6573-6595. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191016113631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a first-line drug for late-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients
who do not benefit from targeted therapy or immunotherapy. However, patients invariably develop
resistance to PTX upon prolonged treatments. Although diverse mechanisms leading to PTX
resistance have been well-documented in the literature, strategies to overcome PTX resistance in
NSCLC based on these mechanisms are still challenging. In this article, we reviewed recent advancements
elucidating major mechanisms of PTX resistance in NSCLC, including the overexpression of
ABC transporters, alternations to tubulin structures, and the involvement of cytokines, miRNAs, kinase
signaling pathways, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Potential markers of PTX resistance or
PTX response that could help to direct treatment decisions and restore cellular sensitivity to PTX were
also discussed. Finally, we summarized the corresponding strategies to overcome PTX resistance in
NSCLC cells, which might provide new insights into clinical trials and benefit lung cancer patients in
the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Kinsie Arnst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Duane D. Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
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18
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Chakraborty S, Mahamid J, Baumeister W. Cryoelectron Tomography Reveals Nanoscale Organization of the Cytoskeleton and Its Relation to Microtubule Curvature Inside Cells. Structure 2020; 28:991-1003.e4. [PMID: 32579947 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are the most rigid elements of the cytoskeleton with in vitro persistence lengths (Lp) in the range of 1-6 mm. In cellular environments, however, MTs often appear strongly curved. This has been attributed to the forces acting upon them in situ where they are embedded in composite networks of different cytoskeletal elements. Hitherto, the nanoscale organization of these networks has remained largely uncharacterized. Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) allowed to visualize and analyze the in situ structure of cytoskeletal networks in pristinely preserved cellular environments and at high resolution. Here, we studied the molecular organization of MTs and their interactions with the composite cytoskeleton in frozen-hydrated HeLa and P19 cells at different cell-cycle stages. We describe modulation of MT curvature correlated with the surrounding molecular architecture, and show that nanoscale defects occur in curved MTs. The data presented here contribute to constructing realistic models of cytoskeletal biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Chakraborty
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Julia Mahamid
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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19
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Chakraborty S, Jasnin M, Baumeister W. Three-dimensional organization of the cytoskeleton: A cryo-electron tomography perspective. Protein Sci 2020; 29:1302-1320. [PMID: 32216120 PMCID: PMC7255506 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, structures of cytoskeletal components have been studied ex situ, that is, with biochemically purified materials. There are compelling reasons to develop approaches to study them in situ in their native functional context. In recent years, cryo-electron tomography emerged as a powerful method for visualizing the molecular organization of unperturbed cellular landscapes with the potential to attain near-atomic resolution. Here, we review recent works on the cytoskeleton using cryo-electron tomography, demonstrating the power of in situ studies. We also highlight the potential of this method in addressing important questions pertinent to the field of cytoskeletal biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Chakraborty
- Department of Molecular Structural BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Marion Jasnin
- Department of Molecular Structural BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
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20
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Cross DJ, Meabon JS, Cline MM, Richards TL, Stump AJ, Cross CG, Minoshima S, Banks WA, Cook DG. Paclitaxel Reduces Brain Injury from Repeated Head Trauma in Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:859-874. [PMID: 30664506 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is known to disturb axonal integrity and may play an important role in the pathogenic cascades leading to neurodegeneration. One critical approach to reduce the future onset of neurodegeneration is to intervene in this process at an early stage following a brain injury. Previously we showed that direct application of the microtubule-stabilizing drug, paclitaxel, on the brain following controlled cortical impact improved motor function and reduced lesion size. Herein, we extended these findings to a model of mild brain injury induced by repeated closed-skull impacts. Paclitaxel was administered intranasally to circumvent its poor transport across the blood-brain barrier. Mice received five mild closed-skull impacts (one per day for five days). Intranasal paclitaxel was administered once only, immediately after the first impact. We found that paclitaxel prevented injury-induced deficits in a spatial memory task in a water tread maze. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography with 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) revealed that paclitaxel prevented structural injury and hypometabolism. On MRI, apparent, injury-induced microbleeds were observed in 100% of vehicle-treated rmTBI mice, but not in paclitaxel-treated subjects. FDG-PET revealed a 42% increase in whole brain glucose metabolism in paclitaxel-treated mice as compared to vehicle-treated rmTBI. Immunohistochemistry found reduced evidence of axonal injury and synaptic loss. Our results indicate that intranasal paclitaxel administration imparts neuroprotection against brain injury and cognitive impairment in mice. The results from this study support the idea that microtubule-stabilization strategies hold therapeutic promise in mitigating traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna J Cross
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - James S Meabon
- The Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), and VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcella M Cline
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) and VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Todd L Richards
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amanda J Stump
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chloe G Cross
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Satoshi Minoshima
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - William A Banks
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) and VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David G Cook
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) and VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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21
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Interplay between Convective and Viscoelastic Forces Controls the Morphology of In Vitro Paclitaxel-Stabilized Microtubules. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are self-assembling, high-aspect-ratio tubular nanostructures formed from the polymerization of tubulin protein. MTs are capable of globally assembling into optically birefringent morphologies, but there is disagreement on the mechanisms driving this behavior. We investigated the temporal evolution of paclitaxel (PTX)-stabilized MT solutions under a range of in vitro conditions. Significant morphological differences were observed in the polymerized PTX-MT solutions as a consequence of varying the orientation of the reaction vessel (vertical vs. horizontal), the type of heating source (hot plate vs. incubator), the incubation time, and the concentration of PTX (high vs. low). The most robust birefringent patterns were found only in vertically oriented cuvettes that were heated asymmetrically on a hot plate, suggesting dependence upon a convective flow, which we confirmed with a combination of optical and thermal imaging. Higher concentrations of PTX led to denser PTX-MT domain formation and brighter birefringence, due to more complete polymerization. Combining our experimental observations, we conclude that birefringent patterns arise principally through a combination of convective and viscoelastic forces, and we identify the sequence of dynamical stages through which they evolve.
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22
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Hahn I, Voelzmann A, Liew YT, Costa-Gomes B, Prokop A. The model of local axon homeostasis - explaining the role and regulation of microtubule bundles in axon maintenance and pathology. Neural Dev 2019; 14:11. [PMID: 31706327 PMCID: PMC6842214 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-019-0134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Axons are the slender, cable-like, up to meter-long projections of neurons that electrically wire our brains and bodies. In spite of their challenging morphology, they usually need to be maintained for an organism's lifetime. This makes them key lesion sites in pathological processes of ageing, injury and neurodegeneration. The morphology and physiology of axons crucially depends on the parallel bundles of microtubules (MTs), running all along to serve as their structural backbones and highways for life-sustaining cargo transport and organelle dynamics. Understanding how these bundles are formed and then maintained will provide important explanations for axon biology and pathology. Currently, much is known about MTs and the proteins that bind and regulate them, but very little about how these factors functionally integrate to regulate axon biology. As an attempt to bridge between molecular mechanisms and their cellular relevance, we explain here the model of local axon homeostasis, based on our own experiments in Drosophila and published data primarily from vertebrates/mammals as well as C. elegans. The model proposes that (1) the physical forces imposed by motor protein-driven transport and dynamics in the confined axonal space, are a life-sustaining necessity, but pose a strong bias for MT bundles to become disorganised. (2) To counterbalance this risk, MT-binding and -regulating proteins of different classes work together to maintain and protect MT bundles as necessary transport highways. Loss of balance between these two fundamental processes can explain the development of axonopathies, in particular those linking to MT-regulating proteins, motors and transport defects. With this perspective in mind, we hope that more researchers incorporate MTs into their work, thus enhancing our chances of deciphering the complex regulatory networks that underpin axon biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hahn
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, School of Biology, Manchester, UK
| | - André Voelzmann
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, School of Biology, Manchester, UK
| | - Yu-Ting Liew
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, School of Biology, Manchester, UK
| | - Beatriz Costa-Gomes
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, School of Biology, Manchester, UK
| | - Andreas Prokop
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, School of Biology, Manchester, UK.
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23
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Analyzing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in vivo using non-mammalian animal models. Exp Neurol 2019; 323:113090. [PMID: 31669484 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Non-mammalian models of CIPN remain relatively sparse, but the knowledge gained from the few published studies suggest that these species have great potential to serve as a discovery platform for new pathways and underlying genetic mechanisms of CIPN. These models permit large-scale genetic and pharmacological screening, and they are highly suitable for in vivo imaging. CIPN phenotypes described in rodents have been confirmed in those models, and conversely, genetic players leading to axon de- and regeneration under conditions of chemotherapy treatment identified in these non-mammalian species have been validated in rodents. Given the need for non-traditional approaches with which to identify new CIPN mechanisms, these models bear a strong potential due to the conservation of basic mechanisms by which chemotherapeutic agents induce neurotoxicity.
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24
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Cai Y, Jia R, Xiong H, Ren Q, Zuo W, Lin T, Lin R, Lei Y, Wang P, Dong H, Zhao H, Zhu L, Fu Y, Zeng Z, Zhang W, Wang S. Integrative gene expression profiling reveals that dysregulated triple microRNAs confer paclitaxel resistance in non-small cell lung cancer via co-targeting MAPT. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7391-7404. [PMID: 31496800 PMCID: PMC6689126 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s215427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Paclitaxel has shown significant anti-tumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, resistance to paclitaxel frequently occurs and represents a significant clinical problem and its underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Methods Long-term treatment of culture cell with paclitaxel was carried out to mimic the development of acquired drug resistance in NSCLC. Cell proliferation and clonogenic assay and apoptosis evaluation were carried out to determine the efficacy of paclitaxel on NSCLC cells. Western blot analyses were performed to determine the expression and activation of proteins. Apoptosis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA fragments. Microarray analyses were applied to explore both mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in NSCLC cells followed by integrative analysis. qRT-PCR was carried out to verify the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs. Results The expression of 652 genes was shown to be changed at least 2-fold in paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC (H460_TaxR) cells with 511 upregulated and 141 downregulated as compared with that in parental H460 cells. The differentially expressed genes were functionally enriched in regulating the cell proliferation, cell death, and response to endogenous stimulus, and clustered in pathways such as cancer and signaling by the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Moreover, 43 miRNAs were shown to be differentially expressed in H460_TaxR cells with 15 upregulated and 28 downregulated as compared with parental H460 cells. A total of 289 pairs of miRNA-potential target gene were revealed in H460_TaxR cells by bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, integrative analysis of miRNAs and gene expression profiles revealed that dysregulated miR-362-3p, miR-766-3p, and miR-6507-3p might confer paclitaxel resistance in NSCLC via targeting MAPT simultaneously. Conclusion Our findings suggested that specific manipulation of MAPT-targeting miRNAs may be a novel strategy to overcome paclitaxel resistance in patients with NSCLC especially large-cell lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Cai
- Undergraduate Grade 2015, The 5th Clinical Medical School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxue Jia
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Haozhe Xiong
- Undergraduate Grade 2017, Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Ren
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Zuo
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Lin
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lei
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyue Dong
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Fu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuiliang Wang
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Transplant Biology, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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25
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Multiparametric rapid screening of neuronal process pathology for drug target identification in HSP patient-specific neurons. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9615. [PMID: 31270336 PMCID: PMC6610147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45246-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal degeneration is a key pathology of neurodegenerative diseases, including hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), a disorder characterized by spasticity in the lower limbs. Treatments for HSP and other neurodegenerative diseases are mainly symptomatic. While iPSC-derived neurons are valuable for drug discovery and target identification, these applications require robust differentiation paradigms and rapid phenotypic read-outs ranging between hours and a few days. Using spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4, the most frequent HSP subtype) as an exemplar, we here present three rapid phenotypic assays for uncovering neuronal process pathologies in iPSC-derived glutamatergic cortical neurons. Specifically, these assays detected a 51% reduction in neurite outgrowth and a 60% increase in growth cone area already 24 hours after plating; axonal swellings, a hallmark of HSP pathology, was discernible after only 5 days. Remarkably, the identified phenotypes were neuron subtype-specific and not detectable in SPG4-derived GABAergic forebrain neurons. We transferred all three phenotypic assays to a 96-well setup, applied small molecules and found that a liver X receptor (LXR) agonist rescued all three phenotypes in HSP neurons, providing a potential drug target for HSP treatment. We expect this multiparametric and rapid phenotyping approach to accelerate development of therapeutic compounds for HSP and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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26
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Flores-Villaseñor SE, Peralta-Rodríguez RD, Padilla-Vaca F, Meléndez-Ortiz HI, Ramirez-Contreras JC, Franco B. Preparation of Peppermint Oil-Based Nanodevices Loaded with Paclitaxel: Cytotoxic and Apoptosis Studies in HeLa Cells. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:198. [PMID: 31127389 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, several normal, oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsions (MEs) were prepared using peppermint essential oil, jojoba oil, trans-anethole, and vitamin E as oil phases to test their capacity to load paclitaxel (PTX). Initially, pseudo-ternary partial phase diagrams were constructed in order to find the normal microemulsion region using d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS-1000) as surfactant and isobutanol (iso-BuOH) as co-surfactant. Selected ME formulations were loaded with PTX reaching concentrations of 0.6 mg mL-1 for the peppermint oil and trans-anethole MEs, while for the vitamin E and jojoba oil MEs, the maximum concentration was 0.3 mg mL-1. The PTX-loaded MEs were stable according to the results of heating-cooling cycles and mechanical force (centrifugation) test. Particularly, drug release profile for the PTX-loaded peppermint oil ME (MEPP) showed that ∼ 90% of drug was released in the first 48 h. Also, MEPP formulation showed 70% and 90% viability reduction on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells after 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively. In addition, HeLa cell apoptosis was confirmed by measuring caspase activity and DNA fragmentation. Results showed that the MEPP sample presented a major pro-apoptotic capability by comparing with the unloaded PTX ME sample.
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27
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Mooneyham A, Iizuka Y, Yang Q, Coombes C, McClellan M, Shridhar V, Emmings E, Shetty M, Chen L, Ai T, Meints J, Lee MK, Gardner M, Bazzaro M. UNC-45A Is a Novel Microtubule-Associated Protein and Regulator of Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:370-383. [PMID: 30322860 PMCID: PMC6359974 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNC-45A, a highly conserved member of the UCS (UNC45A/CRO1/SHE4P) protein family of cochaperones, plays an important role in regulating cytoskeletal-associated functions in invertebrates and mammalian cells, including cytokinesis, exocytosis, cell motility, and neuronal development. Here, for the first time, UNC-45A is demonstrated to function as a mitotic spindle-associated protein that destabilizes microtubules (MT) activity. Using in vitro biophysical reconstitution and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy analysis, we reveal that UNC-45A directly binds to taxol-stabilized MTs in the absence of any additional cellular cofactors or other MT-associated proteins and acts as an ATP-independent MT destabilizer. In cells, UNC-45A binds to and destabilizes mitotic spindles, and its depletion causes severe defects in chromosome congression and segregation. UNC-45A is overexpressed in human clinical specimens from chemoresistant ovarian cancer and that UNC-45A-overexpressing cells resist chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy when treated with clinically relevant concentrations of paclitaxel. Lastly, UNC-45A depletion exacerbates paclitaxel-mediated stabilizing effects on mitotic spindles and restores sensitivity to paclitaxel. IMPLICATIONS: These findings reveal novel and significant roles for UNC-45A in regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, broadening our understanding of the basic mechanisms regulating MT stability and human cancer susceptibility to paclitaxel, one of the most widely used chemotherapy agents for the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Mooneyham
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Heath, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yoshie Iizuka
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Heath, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Courtney Coombes
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Mark McClellan
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Vijayalakshmi Shridhar
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Edith Emmings
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Heath, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mihir Shetty
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Heath, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Center for Drug Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Teng Ai
- Center for Drug Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Joyce Meints
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Michael K Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Melissa Gardner
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Martina Bazzaro
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Heath, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA,,Corresponding author: Martina Bazzaro, Masonic Cancer Center, 420 Delaware Street S.E, Room 490, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, Tel: 612-6252889, Fax: 612-626-0665,
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28
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Dang T, Jang SH, Back SH, Park JW, Han IS. DRG2 Deficiency Causes Impaired Microtubule Dynamics in HeLa Cells. Mol Cells 2018; 41:1045-1051. [PMID: 30453731 PMCID: PMC6315320 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The developmentally regulated GTP binding protein 2 (DRG2) is involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that DRG2 regulates microtubule dynamics in HeLa cells. Analysis of live imaging of the plus-ends of microtubules with EB1-EGFP showed that DRG2 deficiency (shDRG2) significantly reduced the growth rate of HeLa cells. Depletion of DRG2 increased 'slow and long-lived' subpopulations, but decreased 'fast and short-lived' subpopulations of microtubules. Microtubule polymerization inhibitor exhibited a reduced response in shDRG2 cells. Using immunoprecipitation, we show that DRG2 interacts with tau, which regulates microtubule polymerization. Collectively, these data demonstrate that DRG2 may aid in affecting microtubule dynamics in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Dang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610,
Korea
| | - Soo Hwa Jang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610,
Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Back
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610,
Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610,
Korea
| | - In-Seob Han
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610,
Korea
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29
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Ganser C, Uchihashi T. Microtubule self-healing and defect creation investigated by in-line force measurements during high-speed atomic force microscopy imaging. NANOSCALE 2018; 11:125-135. [PMID: 30525150 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules are biopolymers composed of tubulin and play diverse roles in a wide variety of biological processes such as cell division, migration and intracellular transport in eukaryotic cells. To perform their functions, microtubules are mechanically stressed and, thereby, susceptible to structural defects. Local variations in mechanical properties caused by these defects modulate their biological functions, including binding and transportation of microtubule-associated proteins. Therefore, assessing the local mechanical properties of microtubules and analyzing their dynamic response to mechanical stimuli provide insight into fundamental processes. It is, however, not trivial to control defect formation, gather mechanical information at the same time, and subsequently image the result at a high temporal resolution at the molecular level with minimal delay. In this work, we describe the so-called in-line force curve mode based on high-speed atomic force microscopy. This method is directly applied to create defects in microtubules at the level of tubulin dimers and monitor the following dynamic processes around the defects. Furthermore, force curves obtained during defect formation provide quantitative mechanical information to estimate the bonding energy between tubulin dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ganser
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Furo-cho, 464-8602 Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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30
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Ashraf SM, Sebastian J, Rathinasamy K. Zerumbone, a cyclic sesquiterpene, exerts antimitotic activity in HeLa cells through tubulin binding and exhibits synergistic activity with vinblastine and paclitaxel. Cell Prolif 2018; 52:e12558. [PMID: 30525278 PMCID: PMC6496756 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to elucidate the antimitotic mechanism of zerumbone and to investigate its effect on the HeLa cells in combination with other mitotic blockers. Materials and methods HeLa cells and fluorescence microscopy were used to analyse the effect of zerumbone on cancer cell lines. Cellular internalization of zerumbone was investigated using FITC‐labelled zerumbone. The interaction of zerumbone with tubulin was characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy. The Chou and Talalay equation was used to calculate the combination index. Results Zerumbone selectively inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells with an IC50 of 14.2 ± 0.5 μmol/L through enhanced cellular uptake compared to the normal cell line L929. It induced a strong mitotic block with cells exhibiting bipolar spindles at the IC50 and monopolar spindles at 30 μmol/L. Docking analysis indicated that tubulin is the principal target of zerumbone. In vitro studies indicated that it bound to goat brain tubulin with a Kd of 4 μmol/L and disrupted the assembly of tubulin into microtubules. Zerumbone and colchicine had partially overlapping binding site on tubulin. Zerumbone synergistically enhanced the anti‐proliferative activity of vinblastine and paclitaxel through augmented mitotic block. Conclusion Our data suggest that disruption of microtubule assembly dynamics is one of the mechanisms of the anti‐cancer activity of zerumbone and it can be used in combination therapy targeting cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabeeba M Ashraf
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Jomon Sebastian
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Krishnan Rathinasamy
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
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31
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Shin S, Lim S, Jeong H, Kwan LT, Kim YK. Visualization of Tau⁻Tubulin Interaction in a Living Cell Using Bifluorescence Complementation Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102978. [PMID: 30274285 PMCID: PMC6213793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau is a neuron-specific microtubule-binding protein that stabilizes microtubules. It is generally thought that highly phosphorylated tau dissociates from microtubules and becomes insoluble aggregates, leading to neuronal degeneration. Due to the implication of tau aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, great efforts have been made to identify the tau aggregation process. However, tau interaction with tubulin during the aggregation process remains largely unknown. To scrutinize the tau-tubulin interaction, we generated a cell model that enables visualization of the tau-tubulin interaction in a living cell using the Bifluorescence Complementation (BiFC) Technique. Upon diverse chemical stimulation that induced tau pathology, tau-tubulin BiFC cells showed significantly increased levels of BiFC fluorescence, indicating that tau aggregates together with tubulin. Our results suggest that tubulin should be considered as a key component in the tau aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulgi Shin
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Brain Science Institute, Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Seoul 02792, Korea.
| | - Sungsu Lim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Brain Science Institute, Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Seoul 02792, Korea.
| | - Hyeanjeong Jeong
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Brain Science Institute, Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Seoul 02792, Korea.
- Department of Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Li Ting Kwan
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Brain Science Institute, Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Seoul 02792, Korea.
- Department of Neuroscience, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA.
| | - Yun Kyung Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Brain Science Institute, Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Seoul 02792, Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea.
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Vulinovic F, Krajka V, Hausrat TJ, Seibler P, Alvarez-Fischer D, Madoev H, Park JS, Kumar KR, Sue CM, Lohmann K, Kneussel M, Klein C, Rakovic A. Motor protein binding and mitochondrial transport are altered by pathogenic TUBB4A variants. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1901-1915. [PMID: 30079973 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in TUBB4A have been identified to cause a wide phenotypic spectrum of diseases ranging from hereditary generalized dystonia with whispering dysphonia (DYT-TUBB4A) and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) to leukodystrophy hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC). TUBB4A encodes the brain-specific β-tubulin isotype, β-tubulin 4A. To elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms conferred by TUBB4A mutations leading to the different phenotypes, we functionally characterized three pathogenic TUBB4A variants (c.4C>G,p.R2G; c.745G>A,p.D249N; c.811G>A, p.A271T) as representatives of the mutational and disease spectrum) in human neuroblastoma cells and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. We showed that mRNA stability was not affected by any of the TUBB4A variants. Although two mutations (p.R2G and p.D249N) are located at the α/β-tubulin interdimer interface, we confirmed incorporation of all TUBB4A mutants into the microtubule network. However, we showed that the mutations p.D249N and p.A271T interfered with motor protein binding to microtubules and impaired neurite outgrowth and microtubule dynamics. Finally, TUBB4A mutations, as well as heterozygous knockout of TUBB4A, disrupted mitochondrial transport in iPSC-derived neurons. Taken together, our findings suggest that functional impairment of microtubule-associated transport is a shared pathogenic mechanism by which the TUBB4A mutations studied here cause a spectrum of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Vulinovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Victor Krajka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Torben J Hausrat
- Institute of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Harutyun Madoev
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Institute of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Chowdhury MR, Moshikur RM, Wakabayashi R, Tahara Y, Kamiya N, Moniruzzaman M, Goto M. Ionic-Liquid-Based Paclitaxel Preparation: A New Potential Formulation for Cancer Treatment. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2484-2488. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rahman Md Moshikur
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rie Wakabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Tahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Muhammad Moniruzzaman
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Field JJ, Pera B, Gallego JE, Calvo E, Rodríguez-Salarichs J, Sáez-Calvo G, Zuwerra D, Jordi M, Andreu JM, Prota AE, Ménchon G, Miller JH, Altmann KH, Díaz JF. Zampanolide Binding to Tubulin Indicates Cross-Talk of Taxane Site with Colchicine and Nucleotide Sites. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:494-505. [PMID: 29023132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The marine natural product zampanolide and analogues thereof constitute a new chemotype of taxoid site microtubule-stabilizing agents with a covalent mechanism of action. Zampanolide-ligated tubulin has the switch-activation loop (M-loop) in the assembly prone form and, thus, represents an assembly activated state of the protein. In this study, we have characterized the biochemical properties of the covalently modified, activated tubulin dimer, and we have determined the effect of zampanolide on tubulin association and the binding of tubulin ligands at other binding sites. Tubulin activation by zampanolide does not affect its longitudinal oligomerization but does alter its lateral association properties. The covalent binding of zampanolide to β-tubulin affects both the colchicine site, causing a change of the quantum yield of the bound ligand, and the exchangeable nucleotide binding site, reducing the affinity for the nucleotide. While these global effects do not change the binding affinity of 2-methoxy-5-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one (MTC) (a reversible binder of the colchicine site), the binding affinity of a fluorescent analogue of GTP (Mant-GTP) at the nucleotide E-site is reduced from 12 ± 2 × 105 M-1 in the case of unmodified tubulin to 1.4 ± 0.3 × 105 M-1 in the case of the zampanolide tubulin adduct, indicating signal transmission between the taxane site and the colchicine and nucleotide sites of β-tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Field
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Biological Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - Benet Pera
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB) , CSIC , Madrid 28048 , Spain
| | | | - Enrique Calvo
- Unidad de Proteómica , Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares , Madrid 28029 , Spain
| | | | - Gonzalo Sáez-Calvo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB) , CSIC , Madrid 28048 , Spain
| | - Didier Zuwerra
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , HCI H405, Zürich 8092 , Switzerland
| | - Michel Jordi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , HCI H405, Zürich 8092 , Switzerland
| | - José M Andreu
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB) , CSIC , Madrid 28048 , Spain
| | - Andrea E Prota
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research , Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen PSI 5232 , Switzerland
| | - Grégory Ménchon
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research , Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen PSI 5232 , Switzerland
| | - John H Miller
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Biological Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , HCI H405, Zürich 8092 , Switzerland
| | - J Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB) , CSIC , Madrid 28048 , Spain
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Nadaradjane C, Yang CPH, Rodriguez-Gabin A, Ye K, Sugasawa K, Atasoylu O, Smith AB, Horwitz SB, McDaid HM. Improved Dose-Response Relationship of (+)-Discodermolide-Taxol Hybrid Congeners. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018. [PMID: 29522336 PMCID: PMC6026530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
(+)-Discodermolide is a microtubule-stabilizing agent with potential for the treatment of taxol-refractory malignancies. (+)-Discodermolide congeners containing the C-3'-phenyl side chain of taxol (paclitaxel) were synthesized based on computational docking models predicting this moiety would fill an aromatic pocket of β-tubulin insufficiently occupied by (+)-discodermolide, thereby conferring improved ligand-target interaction. It was recently demonstrated, however, that the C-3'-phenyl side chain occupied a different space, instead extending toward the M-loop of β-tubulin, where it induced a helical conformation, hypothesized to improve lateral contacts between adjacent microtubule protofilaments. This insight led us to evaluate the biological activity of hybrid congeners using a panel of genetically diverse cancer cell lines. Hybrid molecules retained the same tubulin-polymerizing profile as (+)-discodermolide. Since (+)-discodermolide is a potent inducer of accelerated senescence, a fate that contributes to drug resistance, congeners were also screened for senescence induction. Flow cytometric and transcriptional analysis revealed that the hybrids largely retained the senescence-inducing properties of (+)-discodermolide. In taxol-sensitive cell models, the congeners had improved dose-response parameters relative to (+)-discodermolide and, in some cases, were superior to taxol. However, in cells susceptible to senescence, EMax increased without concomitant improvements in EC50 such that overall dose-response profiles resembled that of (+)-discodermolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Nadaradjane
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Chia-Ping Huang Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Alicia Rodriguez-Gabin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Kenny Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Keizo Sugasawa
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Onur Atasoylu
- Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Monell Chemical Senses Center and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Susan Band Horwitz
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Hayley M. McDaid
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Corresponding Author: Tel: 718-430-8829.
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36
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Shin SH, Cha HJ, Kim K, An IS, Kim KY, Ku JE, Jeong SH, An S. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits paclitaxel-induced apoptosis through the alteration of microRNA expression in human dermal papilla cells. BIOMEDICAL DERMATOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41702-017-0016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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Calcium-axonemal microtubuli interactions underlie mechanism(s) of primary cilia morphological changes. J Biol Phys 2017; 44:53-80. [PMID: 29090363 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-017-9475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used cell culture of astrocytes aligned within microchannels to investigate calcium effects on primary cilia morphology. In the absence of calcium and in the presence of flow of media (10 μL.s-1) the majority (90%) of primary cilia showed reversible bending with an average curvature of 2.1 ± 0.9 × 10-4 nm-1. When 1.0 mM calcium was present, 90% of cilia underwent bending. Forty percent of these cilia demonstrated strong irreversible bending, resulting in a final average curvature of 3.9 ± 1 × 10-4 nm-1, while 50% of cilia underwent bending similar to that observed during calcium-free flow. The average length of cilia was shifted toward shorter values (3.67 ± 0.34 μm) when exposed to excess calcium (1.0 mM), compared to media devoid of calcium (3.96 ± 0.26 μm). The number of primary cilia that became curved after calcium application was reduced when the cell culture was pre-incubated with 15 μM of the microtubule stabilizer, taxol, for 60 min prior to calcium application. Calcium caused single microtubules to curve at a concentration ≈1.0 mM in vitro, but at higher concentration (≈1.5 mM) multiple microtubule curving occurred. Additionally, calcium causes microtubule-associated protein-2 conformational changes and its dislocation from the microtubule wall at the location of microtubule curvature. A very small amount of calcium, that is 1.45 × 1011 times lower than the maximal capacity of TRPPs calcium channels, may cause gross morphological changes (curving) of primary cilia, while global cytosol calcium levels are expected to remain unchanged. These findings reflect the non-linear manner in which primary cilia may respond to calcium signaling, which in turn may influence the course of development of ciliopathies and cancer.
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Noh TH, Sen L, Hong J, Lee JH, Moon HR, Jung JH. Antibacterial activities of viriditoxin congeners and synthetic analogues against fish pathogens. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4970-4974. [PMID: 29037949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Viriditoxin is a fungal secondary metabolite of the fungus Paecilomyces variotii derived from the inner tissues of the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai. Viriditoxin exhibits antibacterial activity against Streptococcus iniae and Streptococcus parauberis, which are major pathogens of aqua cultured fish. Viriditoxin induced abnormal cell morphologies in the fish pathogens S. iniae and S. parauberis, presumably by inhibiting FtsZ polymerization as was previously observed in Escherichia coli. Synthetic analogues of viriditoxin, designed based on docking simulation results to FtsZ of Staphylococcus aureus, were prepared and compared with viriditoxin for antibacterial activity. Reconstitution of free hydroxyl or carboxyl groups of the methoxyl or methyl ester groups of viriditoxin led to significant reduction of antibacterial activity, implying that the natural molecule is optimized for antibacterial activity to deter bacteria potentially harmful to Paecilomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hwan Noh
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Liu Sen
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee H Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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39
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Huzil JT, Chen K, Kurgan L, Tuszynski JA. The Roles of β-Tubulin Mutations and Isotype Expression in Acquired Drug Resistance. Cancer Inform 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/117693510700300028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor drug paclitaxel stabilizes microtubules and reduces their dynamicity, promoting mitotic arrest and eventually apoptosis. Upon assembly of the α/β-tubulin heterodimer, GTP becomes bound to both the α and β-tubulin monomers. During microtubule assembly, the GTP bound to β-tubulin is hydrolyzed to GDP, eventually reaching steady-state equilibrium between free tubulin dimers and those polymerized into microtubules. Tubulin-binding drugs such as paclitaxel interact with β-tubulin, resulting in the disruption of this equilibrium. In spite of several crystal structures of tubulin, there is little biochemical insight into the mechanism by which anti-tubulin drugs target microtubules and alter their normal behavior. The mechanism of drug action is further complicated, as the description of altered β-tubulin isotype expression and/or mutations in tubulin genes may lead to drug resistance as has been described in the literature. Because of the relationship between β-tubulin isotype expression and mutations within β-tubulin, both leading to resistance, we examined the properties of altered residues within the taxane, colchicine and Vinca binding sites. The amount of data now available, allows us to investigate common patterns that lead to microtubule disruption and may provide a guide to the rational design of novel compounds that can inhibit microtubule dynamics for specific tubulin isotypes or, indeed resistant cell lines. Because of the vast amount of data published to date, we will only provide a broad overview of the mutational results and how these correlate with differences between tubulin isotypes. We also note that clinical studies describe a number of predictive factors for the response to anti-tubulin drugs and attempt to develop an understanding of the features within tubulin that may help explain how they may affect both microtubule assembly and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Torin Huzil
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lukasz Kurgan
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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40
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Parmeggiani F, Weise NJ, Ahmed ST, Turner NJ. Synthetic and Therapeutic Applications of Ammonia-lyases and Aminomutases. Chem Rev 2017; 118:73-118. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Parmeggiani
- School of Chemistry, Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess
Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Weise
- School of Chemistry, Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess
Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Syed T. Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess
Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- School of Chemistry, Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess
Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
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41
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Wang W, Zhang H, Wang X, Patterson J, Winter P, Graham K, Ghosh S, Lee JC, Katsetos CD, Mackey JR, Tuszynski JA, Wong GKS, Ludueña RF. Novel mutations involving βI-, βIIA-, or βIVB-tubulin isotypes with functional resemblance to βIII-tubulin in breast cancer. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:1163-1173. [PMID: 27943021 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-1060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tubulin is the target for very widely used anti-tumor drugs, including Vinca alkaloids, taxanes, and epothilones, which are an important component of chemotherapy in breast cancer and other malignancies. Paclitaxel and other tubulin-targeting drugs bind to the β subunit of tubulin, which is a heterodimer of α and β subunits. β-Tubulin exists in the form of multiple isotypes, which are differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic cells and differ in their ability to bind to drugs. Among them, the βIII isotype is overexpressed in many aggressive and metastatic cancers and may serve as a prognostic marker in certain types of cancer. The underpinning mechanisms accounting for the overexpression of this isotype in cancer cells are unclear. To better understand the role of β-tubulin isotypes in cancer, we analyzed over 1000 clones from 90 breast cancer patients, sequencing their β-tubulin isotypes, in search of novel mutations. We have elucidated two putative emerging molecular subgroups of invasive breast cancer, each of which involve mutations in the βI-, βIIA-, or βIVB isotypes of tubulin that increase their structural, and possibly functional, resemblance to the βIII isotype. A unifying feature of the first of the two subgroups is the mutation of the highly reactive C239 residue of βI- or βIVB-tubulin to L239, R239, Y239, or P239, culminating in probable conversion of these isotypes from ROS-sensitive to ROS-resistant species. In the second subgroup, βI, βIIA, and βIVB have up to seven mutations to the corresponding residues in βIII-tubulin. Given that βIII-tubulin has emerged as a pro-survival factor, overexpression of this isotype may confer survival advantages to certain cancer cell types. In this mini-review, we bring attention to a novel mechanism by which cancer cells may undergo adaptive mutational changes involving alternate β-tubulin isotypes to make them acquire some of the pro-survival properties of βIII-tubulin. These "hybrid" tubulins, combining the sequences and/or properties of two wild-type tubulins (βIII and either βI, βIIA, or βIVB), are novel isotypes expressed solely in cancer cells and may contribute to the molecular understanding and stratification of invasive breast cancer and provide novel molecular targets for rational drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Hangxiao Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xumin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jordan Patterson
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Philip Winter
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Kathryn Graham
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Sunita Ghosh
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - John C Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Christos D Katsetos
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19134, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19134, USA
| | - John R Mackey
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Jack A Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Gane Ka-Shu Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Richard F Ludueña
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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42
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Xu J, Feng Z, Chen S, Zhu J, Wu X, Chen X, Li J. Taxol alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibiting the formation of microvessels. Clin Rheumatol 2017; 38:19-27. [PMID: 28455825 PMCID: PMC6342865 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of taxol (PTX) on angiogenesis in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. Collagen II (C II) and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) were used in C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice to generate the CIA model. Random grouping was performed in the normal control group, CIA model group, PTX 1.5 mg/kg group, PTX 1.0 mg/kg group, and PTX 0.5 mg/kg group. Arthritis index scores, tissue pathology scores, and synovium microvessel density (MVD) analysis were performed. Immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-1α). The correlation between MVD and pathological scores and between MVD and the expression of VEGF as well as HIF-1α in the synovium were also evaluated. After PTX treatment, the three intervention group arthritis index scores were reduced when compared with the CIA group. The total histological scores in the three PTX treatment groups were lower than those in the CIA group. Similarly, PTX significantly alleviated the scores for synovitis, pannus formation, and bone destruction. Compared with the CIA group, the MVD of the three intervention groups decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of VEGF and HIF-1α in synovial tissues and serum also significantly decreased after PTX treatment. Further analysis showed that MVD and pathological scores and MVD and expression of VEGF as well as HIF-1α in the synovium were positively correlated. PTX may alleviate CIA by suppressing angiogenesis, providing new insights into the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). VEGF and HIF-1α may be targets for PTX suppression of microvessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
| | - Shixian Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Junqing Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Xianghui Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China. .,Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, North of Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
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43
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Avdoshina V, Caragher SP, Wenzel ED, Taraballi F, Mocchetti I, Harry GJ. The viral protein gp120 decreases the acetylation of neuronal tubulin: potential mechanism of neurotoxicity. J Neurochem 2017; 141:606-613. [PMID: 28295345 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein gp120 promotes axonal damage and neurite pruning, similar to that observed in HIV-positive subjects with neurocognitive disorders. Thus, gp120 has been used to examine molecular and cellular pathways underlying HIV-mediated neuronal dysfunction. Gp120 binds to tubulin beta III, a component of neuronal microtubules. Microtubule function, which modulates the homeostasis of neurons, is regulated by polymerization and post-translational modifications. Based on these considerations, we tested the hypothesis that gp120 induces dynamic instability of neuronal microtubules. We first observed that gp120 prevents the normal polymerization of tubulin in vitro. We then tested whether gp120 alters the post-translational modifications in tubulin by examining the ability of gp120 to change the levels of acetylated tubulin in primary rat neuronal cultures. Gp120 elicited a time-dependent decrease in tubulin acetylation that was reversed by Helix-A peptide, a compound that competitively displaces the binding of gp120 to neuronal microtubules. To determine whether post-translational modifications in tubulin also occur in vivo, we measured acetylated tubulin in the cerebral cortex of HIV transgenic rats (HIV-tg). We observed a decrease in tubulin acetylation in 5- and 9-month-old HIV-tg rats when compared to age-matched wild type. Neither changes in microglia morphology nor alterations in mRNA levels for interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α were detected in 5-month-old animals. Our findings propose neuronal microtubule instability as a novel mechanism of HIV neurotoxicity, without evidence of enhanced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Avdoshina
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Seamus P Caragher
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Erin D Wenzel
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Italo Mocchetti
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Gaylia Jean Harry
- National Toxicology Program Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Science, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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44
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Taiwo BJ, Fatokun AA, Olubiyi OO, Bamigboye-Taiwo OT, van Heerden FR, Wright CW. Identification of compounds with cytotoxic activity from the leaf of the Nigerian medicinal plant, Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae). Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2327-2335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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45
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Castle BT, McCubbin S, Prahl LS, Bernens JN, Sept D, Odde DJ. Mechanisms of kinetic stabilization by the drugs paclitaxel and vinblastine. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1238-1257. [PMID: 28298489 PMCID: PMC5415019 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-08-0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents that target microtubule dynamics promote a universal phenotype of kinetic stabilization. Integrated computational modeling and fluorescence microscopy identify the fundamental kinetic and thermodynamic mechanisms that result in kinetic stabilization, specifically by the drugs paclitaxel and vinblastine. Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs), widely used as biological probes and chemotherapeutic drugs, bind directly to tubulin subunits and “kinetically stabilize” microtubules, suppressing the characteristic self-assembly process of dynamic instability. However, the molecular-level mechanisms of kinetic stabilization are unclear, and the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic requirements for dynamic instability and its elimination by MTAs have yet to be defined. Here we integrate a computational model for microtubule assembly with nanometer-scale fluorescence microscopy measurements to identify the kinetic and thermodynamic basis of kinetic stabilization by the MTAs paclitaxel, an assembly promoter, and vinblastine, a disassembly promoter. We identify two distinct modes of kinetic stabilization in live cells, one that truly suppresses on-off kinetics, characteristic of vinblastine, and the other a “pseudo” kinetic stabilization, characteristic of paclitaxel, that nearly eliminates the energy difference between the GTP- and GDP-tubulin thermodynamic states. By either mechanism, the main effect of both MTAs is to effectively stabilize the microtubule against disassembly in the absence of a robust GTP cap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Castle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Seth McCubbin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Louis S Prahl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Jordan N Bernens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - David Sept
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - David J Odde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Cardoso PCDS, Rocha CAMD, Leal MF, Bahia MDO, Alcântara DDFÁ, Santos RAD, Gonçalves NDS, Ambrósio SR, Cavalcanti BC, Moreira-Nunes CA, Pessoa CDÓ, Burbano RMR. Effect of diterpenoid kaurenoic acid on genotoxicity and cell cycle progression in gastric cancer cell lines. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:772-780. [PMID: 28273639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of our study was to evaluate the effect of kaurenoic acid, obtained from copaiba oil resin, in gastric cancer (GC) and a normal mucosa of stomach (MNP01) cell lines. The compound was tested at concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 30 and 60μg/mL. Comet and micronucleus assays were used to access its potential genotoxicity in vitro. Moreover, we evaluated the effect of kaurenoic acid in cell cycle progression and in the transcription of genes involved in the control of the cell cycle: MYC, CCND1, BCL2, CASP3, ATM, CHK2 and TP53. Kaurenoic acid induced an increase on cell DNA damage or micronucleus frequencies on GC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. The GC and MNP01 cell lines entering DNA synthesis and mitosis decreased significantly with kaurenoic acid treatment, and had an increased growth phase compared with non-treated cells. The treatment induced apoptosis (or necrosis) even at a concentration of 2.5μg/mL in relation to non-treated cells. GC cell lines presented reduced MYC, CCND1, BCL2 and CASP3 transcription while ATM, CHK2 and TP53 increased in transcription in relation to non-treated cells, especially at a concentration above 10μg/mL. The gene transcription in the MNP01 (non-treated non-cancer cell line) was designated as a calibrator for all the GC cell lines. In conclusion, our results showed that kaurenoic acid obtained from Copaifera induces DNA damage and increases the micronuclei frequency in a dose-dependent manner in GC cells, with a significant genotoxicity observed above the concentration of 5μg/mL. Moreover, this compound seems to be able to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Alberto Machado da Rocha
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (IFPA), Av. Almirante Barroso, 1155 (Marco), CEP 66093-020, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Ferreira Leal
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Oliveira Bahia
- Human Cytogenetic Laboratory, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Alves Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Human Cytogenetic Laboratory, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics of Hemoglobinopathies and Hematologic Diseases, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Claudia do Ó Pessoa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rommel Mário Rodríguez Burbano
- Human Cytogenetic Laboratory, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil; Hospital Ophir Loyola (HOL), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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Sueth-Santiago V, Decote-Ricardo D, Morrot A, Freire-de-Lima CG, Lima MEF. Challenges in the chemotherapy of Chagas disease: Looking for possibilities related to the differences and similarities between the parasite and host. World J Biol Chem 2017; 8:57-80. [PMID: 28289519 PMCID: PMC5329715 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v8.i1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost 110 years after the first studies by Dr. Carlos Chagas describing an infectious disease that was named for him, Chagas disease remains a neglected illness and a death sentence for infected people in poor countries. This short review highlights the enormous need for new studies aimed at the development of novel and more specific drugs to treat chagasic patients. The primary tool for facing this challenge is deep knowledge about the similarities and differences between the parasite and its human host.
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Ranjan P, Kumar SP, Kari V, Jha PC. Exploration of interaction zones of β-tubulin colchicine binding domain of helminths and binding mechanism of anthelmintics. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 68:78-91. [PMID: 28259774 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies postulated the possible modes of anthelmintic activity by targeting alternate or extended regions of colchicine binding domain of helminth β-tubulin. We present three interaction zones (zones vide -1 to -3) in the colchicine binding domain of Haemonchus contortus (a helminth) β-tubulin homology model and developed zone-wise structure-based pharmacophore models coupled with molecular docking technique to unveil the binding hypotheses. The resulted ten structure-based hypotheses were then refined to essential three point pharmacophore features that captured recurring and crucial non-covalent receptor contacts and proposed three characteristics necessary for optimal zone-2 binding: a conserved pair of H bond acceptor (HBA to form H bond with Asn226 residue) and an aliphatic moiety of molecule separated by 3.75±0.44Å. Further, an aliphatic or a heterocyclic group distant (11.75±1.14Å) to the conserved aliphatic site formed the third feature component in the zone-2 specific anthelmintic pharmacophore model. Alternatively, an additional HBA can be substituted as a third component to establish H bonding with Asn204. We discern that selective zone-2 anthelmintics can be designed effectively by closely adapting the pharmacophore feature patterns and its geometrical constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabodh Ranjan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar, 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Sivakumar Prasanth Kumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar, 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Vijayakrishna Kari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prakash Chandra Jha
- Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar, 382030, Gujarat, India.
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Kerckhove N, Collin A, Condé S, Chaleteix C, Pezet D, Balayssac D. Long-Term Effects, Pathophysiological Mechanisms, and Risk Factors of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathies: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:86. [PMID: 28286483 PMCID: PMC5323411 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxic anticancer drugs, such as platinum-based anticancer drugs, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, and proteasome/angiogenesis inhibitors are responsible for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The health consequences of CIPN remain worrying as it is associated with several comorbidities and affects a specific population of patients already impacted by cancer, a strong driver for declines in older adults. The purpose of this review is to present a comprehensive overview of the long-term effects of CIPN in cancer patients and survivors. Pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors are also presented. Neurotoxic mechanisms leading to CIPNs are not yet fully understood but involve neuronopathy and/or axonopathy, mainly associated with DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondria toxicity, and ion channel remodeling in the neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Classical symptoms of CIPNs are peripheral neuropathy with a “stocking and glove” distribution characterized by sensory loss, paresthesia, dysesthesia and numbness, sometimes associated with neuropathic pain in the most serious cases. Several risk factors can promote CIPN as a function of the anticancer drug considered, such as cumulative dose, treatment duration, history of neuropathy, combination of therapies and genetic polymorphisms. CIPNs are frequent in cancer patients with an overall incidence of approximately 38% (possibly up to 90% of patients treated with oxaliplatin). Finally, the long-term reversibility of these CIPNs remain questionable, notably in the case of platinum-based anticancer drugs and taxanes, for which CIPN may last several years after the end of anticancer chemotherapies. These long-term effects are associated with comorbidities such as depression, insomnia, falls and decreases of health-related quality of life in cancer patients and survivors. However, it is noteworthy that these long-term effects remain poorly studied, and only limited data are available such as in the case of bortezomib and thalidomide-induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kerckhove
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aurore Collin
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sakahlé Condé
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Neurologie, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carine Chaleteix
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hématologie Clinique Adulte Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Denis Pezet
- INSERM U1071, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Chirurgie et Oncologie Digestive, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Balayssac
- INSERM U1107, NEURO-DOL, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
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50
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Zhang Q, Qu Y, Wang Q, Song P, Wang P, Jia Q, Guo J. Arabidopsis phospholipase D alpha 1-derived phosphatidic acid regulates microtubule organization and cell development under microtubule-interacting drugs treatment. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2017; 130:193-202. [PMID: 27864640 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-016-0870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) and its product phosphatidic acid (PA) are emerging as essential regulators of cytoskeleton organization in plants. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of PA-mediated microtubule reorganization in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we used pharmacological and genetic approaches to analyze the function of Arabidopsis thaliana PLDα1 in the regulation of microtubule organization and cell development in response to microtubule-affecting drugs. Treatment with the microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel resulted in less growth inhibition and decreased rightward slant of roots, longitudinal alignment of microtubules, and enhanced length of hypocotyl epidermal cells in the pldα1 mutant, the phenotype of which was rescued by exogenous application of PA. Moreover, the pldα1 mutant was sensitive to the microtubule-disrupting drugs oryzalin and propyzamide in terms of seedling survival ratio, left-skewing angle of roots and microtubule organization. In addition, both disruption and stabilization of microtubules induced by drugs activated PLDα1 activity. Our findings demonstrate that in A. thaliana, PLDα1/PA might regulate cell development by modulating microtubule organization in an activity-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yana Qu
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianru Jia
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhe Guo
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
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