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Sun Y, Huang J, Wang Z, Pan N, Wan C. Identification of Microproteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae under Different Stress Conditions. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1939-1947. [PMID: 35838590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small open reading frame-encoded peptides (SEPs) are microproteins with a length of 100 amino acids or less, which may play a critical role in maintaining cell homeostasis under stress. Therefore, we used mass spectrometry-based proteomics to explore microproteins potentially involved in cellular stress responses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A total of 225 microproteins with 1920 unique peptides were identified under six culture conditions: normal, oxidation, starvation, ultraviolet radiation, heat shock, and heat shock with starvation. Among these microproteins, we found 70 SEPs with 75 unique peptides. The annotated microproteins are involved in stress-related processes, such as cell redox reactions, cell wall modification, protein folding and degradation, and DNA damage repair. It suggests that SEPs may also play similar functions under stress conditions. For example, SEP IP_008057, translated from a short coding sequence of YJL159W, may play a role in heat shock. This study identified stress-responsive SEPs in S. cerevisiae and provided valuable information to determine the functions of these proteins, which enrich the genome and proteome of S. cerevisiae and show clues to improving the stress tolerance of S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangmei Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Pan
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihong Wan
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
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2
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Grosfeld EV, Bidiuk VA, Mitkevich OV, Ghazy ESMO, Kushnirov VV, Alexandrov AI. A Systematic Survey of Characteristic Features of Yeast Cell Death Triggered by External Factors. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:886. [PMID: 34829175 PMCID: PMC8626022 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death in response to distinct stimuli can manifest different morphological traits. It also depends on various cell death signaling pathways, extensively characterized in higher eukaryotes but less so in microorganisms. The study of cell death in yeast, and specifically Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can potentially be productive for understanding cell death, since numerous killing stimuli have been characterized for this organism. Here, we systematized the literature on external treatments that kill yeast, and which contains at least minimal data on cell death mechanisms. Data from 707 papers from the 7000 obtained using keyword searches were used to create a reference table for filtering types of cell death according to commonly assayed parameters. This table provides a resource for orientation within the literature; however, it also highlights that the common view of similarity between non-necrotic death in yeast and apoptosis in mammals has not provided sufficient progress to create a clear classification of cell death types. Differences in experimental setups also prevent direct comparison between different stimuli. Thus, side-by-side comparisons of various cell death-inducing stimuli under comparable conditions using existing and novel markers that can differentiate between types of cell death seem like a promising direction for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika V. Grosfeld
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Moscow, Russia;
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the RAS, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (O.V.M.); (E.S.M.O.G.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Victoria A. Bidiuk
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the RAS, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (O.V.M.); (E.S.M.O.G.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Olga V. Mitkevich
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the RAS, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (O.V.M.); (E.S.M.O.G.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Eslam S. M. O. Ghazy
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the RAS, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (O.V.M.); (E.S.M.O.G.); (V.V.K.)
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt
| | - Vitaliy V. Kushnirov
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the RAS, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (O.V.M.); (E.S.M.O.G.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Alexander I. Alexandrov
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the RAS, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.B.); (O.V.M.); (E.S.M.O.G.); (V.V.K.)
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3
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Dong XY, Yuan X, Wang RJ. Interaction of air cold plasma with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the multi-scale microenvironment for improved ethanol yield. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124621. [PMID: 33412497 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the long-acting mechanism of reactive species was investigated for enhanced ethanol production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results indicated that short-lifetime active species from gas phase plasma dissolved into various liquid microenvironments with different media (water, buffer, medium, and cells), forming different types and amounts of reactive species in multi-scale microenvironments, such as extracellular reactive nitrogen species, endocellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The sustained elevation of cytoplasm calcium concentration with treatment time depended on the activated calcium channels of Cch1p/Mid1p in cell membrane and Yvc1p in vacuole membrane by these species. Accordingly, the Ca2+ increase promoted the H+-ATPase expression. Consequently, 75.6% ATP hydrolysis induced about 5 fold NADH increase compared with the control. Ultimately, the bioethanol yield increased by 34.2% compared to the control. These results promote the development of atmospheric cold plasma as a promising bio-process enhancement technology for improved target product yields of microbes in fermentation industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Dong
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, 10 Xuefu St, Jinpu New District, Dalian 116622, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing Yuan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, 10 Xuefu St, Jinpu New District, Dalian 116622, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Jun Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, 10 Xuefu St, Jinpu New District, Dalian 116622, People's Republic of China
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4
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Toth A, Aufschnaiter A, Fedotovskaya O, Dawitz H, Ädelroth P, Büttner S, Ott M. Membrane-tethering of cytochrome c accelerates regulated cell death in yeast. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:722. [PMID: 32892209 PMCID: PMC7474732 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic apoptosis as a modality of regulated cell death is intimately linked to permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane and subsequent release of the protein cytochrome c into the cytosol, where it can participate in caspase activation via apoptosome formation. Interestingly, cytochrome c release is an ancient feature of regulated cell death even in unicellular eukaryotes that do not contain an apoptosome. Therefore, it was speculated that cytochrome c release might have an additional, more fundamental role for cell death signalling, because its absence from mitochondria disrupts oxidative phosphorylation. Here, we permanently anchored cytochrome c with a transmembrane segment to the inner mitochondrial membrane of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thereby inhibiting its release from mitochondria during regulated cell death. This cytochrome c retains respiratory growth and correct assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes. However, membrane anchoring leads to a sensitisation to acetic acid-induced cell death and increased oxidative stress, a compensatory elevation of cellular oxygen-consumption in aged cells and a decreased chronological lifespan. We therefore conclude that loss of cytochrome c from mitochondria during regulated cell death and the subsequent disruption of oxidative phosphorylation is not required for efficient execution of cell death in yeast, and that mobility of cytochrome c within the mitochondrial intermembrane space confers a fitness advantage that overcomes a potential role in regulated cell death signalling in the absence of an apoptosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Toth
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Svante Arrheniusväg 16, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Aufschnaiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Svante Arrheniusväg 16, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Olga Fedotovskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Svante Arrheniusväg 16, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah Dawitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Svante Arrheniusväg 16, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pia Ädelroth
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Svante Arrheniusväg 16, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 20C, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Svante Arrheniusväg 16, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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5
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Wu D, Forghani F, Daliri EBM, Li J, Liao X, Liu D, Ye X, Chen S, Ding T. Microbial response to some nonthermal physical technologies. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Carmona-Gutierrez D, Bauer MA, Zimmermann A, Aguilera A, Austriaco N, Ayscough K, Balzan R, Bar-Nun S, Barrientos A, Belenky P, Blondel M, Braun RJ, Breitenbach M, Burhans WC, Büttner S, Cavalieri D, Chang M, Cooper KF, Côrte-Real M, Costa V, Cullin C, Dawes I, Dengjel J, Dickman MB, Eisenberg T, Fahrenkrog B, Fasel N, Fröhlich KU, Gargouri A, Giannattasio S, Goffrini P, Gourlay CW, Grant CM, Greenwood MT, Guaragnella N, Heger T, Heinisch J, Herker E, Herrmann JM, Hofer S, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Jungwirth H, Kainz K, Kontoyiannis DP, Ludovico P, Manon S, Martegani E, Mazzoni C, Megeney LA, Meisinger C, Nielsen J, Nyström T, Osiewacz HD, Outeiro TF, Park HO, Pendl T, Petranovic D, Picot S, Polčic P, Powers T, Ramsdale M, Rinnerthaler M, Rockenfeller P, Ruckenstuhl C, Schaffrath R, Segovia M, Severin FF, Sharon A, Sigrist SJ, Sommer-Ruck C, Sousa MJ, Thevelein JM, Thevissen K, Titorenko V, Toledano MB, Tuite M, Vögtle FN, Westermann B, Winderickx J, Wissing S, Wölfl S, Zhang ZJ, Zhao RY, Zhou B, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G, Madeo F. Guidelines and recommendations on yeast cell death nomenclature. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2018; 5:4-31. [PMID: 29354647 PMCID: PMC5772036 DOI: 10.15698/mic2018.01.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the biology of yeast in its full complexity has major implications for science, medicine and industry. One of the most critical processes determining yeast life and physiology is cel-lular demise. However, the investigation of yeast cell death is a relatively young field, and a widely accepted set of concepts and terms is still missing. Here, we propose unified criteria for the defi-nition of accidental, regulated, and programmed forms of cell death in yeast based on a series of morphological and biochemical criteria. Specifically, we provide consensus guidelines on the differ-ential definition of terms including apoptosis, regulated necrosis, and autophagic cell death, as we refer to additional cell death rou-tines that are relevant for the biology of (at least some species of) yeast. As this area of investigation advances rapidly, changes and extensions to this set of recommendations will be implemented in the years to come. Nonetheless, we strongly encourage the au-thors, reviewers and editors of scientific articles to adopt these collective standards in order to establish an accurate framework for yeast cell death research and, ultimately, to accelerate the pro-gress of this vibrant field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Anna Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrés Aguilera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología, Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Kathryn Ayscough
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rena Balzan
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Shoshana Bar-Nun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Antonio Barrientos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medi-cine, Miami, USA
| | - Peter Belenky
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Marc Blondel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1078, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, CHRU Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Brest, France
| | - Ralf J. Braun
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - William C. Burhans
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Michael Chang
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrina F. Cooper
- Dept. Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Stratford, USA
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ian Dawes
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Martin B. Dickman
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birthe Fahrenkrog
- Laboratory Biology of the Nucleus, Institute for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Fasel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kai-Uwe Fröhlich
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Moléculaire des Eucaryotes, Center de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Campbell W. Gourlay
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Chris M. Grant
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T. Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicoletta Guaragnella
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Jürgen Heinisch
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Eva Herker
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Helmut Jungwirth
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Kainz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
- Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Minho, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Stéphen Manon
- Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires, UMR5095, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Enzo Martegani
- Department of Biotechnolgy and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Mazzoni
- Instituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti - Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lynn A. Megeney
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Chris Meisinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Heinz D. Osiewacz
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hay-Oak Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tobias Pendl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dina Petranovic
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephane Picot
- Malaria Research Unit, SMITh, ICBMS, UMR 5246 CNRS-INSA-CPE-University Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut of Parasitology and Medical Mycology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Polčic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ted Powers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mark Ramsdale
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick Rockenfeller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | | | - Raffael Schaffrath
- Institute of Biology, Division of Microbiology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Maria Segovia
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Fedor F. Severin
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of physico-chemical biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Amir Sharon
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stephan J. Sigrist
- Institute for Biology/Genetics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Sommer-Ruck
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Johan M. Thevelein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Michel B. Toledano
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), SBIGEM, CEA-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mick Tuite
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - F.-Nora Vögtle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
| | | | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecu-lar Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhaojie J. Zhang
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA
| | - Richard Y. Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Bing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Institute, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
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7
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Furuta R, Kurake N, Ishikawa K, Takeda K, Hashizume H, Kondo H, Ohta T, Ito M, Sekine M, Hori M. Intracellular-molecular changes in plasma-irradiated budding yeast cells studied using multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:13438-13442. [PMID: 28503685 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00489c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between non-equilibrium atmospheric-pressure plasma (NEAPP) and living cells were examined using multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. Our multiplex CARS analyses revealed that NEAPP irradiation generates short-lived radicals that induce a decrease in the mitochondrial activity of budding yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Furuta
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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8
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Wang X, Yi M, Liu H, Han Y, Yi H. Reactive oxygen species and Ca 2+ are involved in cadmium-induced cell killing in yeast cells. Can J Microbiol 2016; 63:153-159. [PMID: 27995805 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals. It is of great environmental concern and its toxicity has been investigated in a variety of cells. In this study, we elucidated the toxic effects of Cd in cells of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Our results showed that Cd2+ (0.05-5.0 mmol·L-1) significantly inhibited yeast cell growth, and the inhibitory effect was positively correlated with Cd2+ concentrations. Cd2+ caused loss of yeast cell viability in a concentration- and duration-dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ levels increased in yeast cells after exposure to 5.0 mmol·L-1 Cd for 6 h. Cd2+-caused cell viability loss was blocked by antioxidants (0.5 mmol·L-1 ascorbic acid or 500 U·mL-1 catalase) or Ca2+ antagonists (0.5 mmol·L-1 ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid or 0.5 mmol·L-1 LaCl3). Moreover, a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was observed in Cd2+-treated yeast cells. These results indicate that Cd-induced yeast cell killing was associated with the elevation of intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels and also the loss of ΔΨm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yi
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yansha Han
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilan Yi
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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9
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Kasuba KC, Vavilala SL, D'Souza JS. Apoptosis-like cell death in unicellular photosynthetic organisms — A review. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Citterio B, Albertini MC, Ghibelli L, Falcieri E, Battistelli M, Canonico B, Rocchi MBL, Teodori L, Ciani M, Piatti E. Multiparameter analysis of apoptosis in puromycin-treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Arch Microbiol 2015; 197:773-80. [PMID: 25868793 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-015-1110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a typical apoptotic phenotype is induced by some stress factors such as sugars, acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, aspirin and age. Nevertheless, no data have been reported for apoptosis induced by puromycin, a damaging agent known to induce apoptosis in mammalian cells. We treated S. cerevisiae with puromycin to induce apoptosis and evaluated the percentage of dead cells by using Hoechst 33342 staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Annexin V flow cytometry (FC) analysis. Hoechst 33342 fluorescence images were processed to acquire parameters to use for multiparameter analysis [and perform a principal component analysis, (PCA)]. Cell viability was evaluated by Rhodamine 123 (Rh 123) and Acridine Orange microscope fluorescence staining. The results show puromycin-induced apoptosis in S. cerevisiae, and the PCA analysis indicated that the increasing percentage of apoptotic cells delineated a well-defined graph profile. The results were supported by TEM and FC. This study gives new insights into yeast apoptosis using puromycin as inducer agent, and PCA analysis may complement molecular analysis facilitating further studies to its detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Citterio
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
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11
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Bui VN, Nguyen TTH, Bettarel Y, Nguyen THT, Pham TL, Hoang TY, Nguyen VTT, Nghiem NM, Wölfl S. Genotoxicity of Chemical Compounds Identification and Assessment by Yeast Cells Transformed With GFP Reporter Constructs Regulated by the PLM2 or DIN7 Promoter. Int J Toxicol 2015; 34:31-43. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581814566870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Yeast cells transformed with high-copy number plasmids comprising a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-encoding gene optimized for yeast under the control of the new DIN7 or PLM2 and the established RNR2 and RAD54 promoters were used to assess the genotoxic potential of chemical compounds. The activity of potential DNA-damaging agents was investigated by genotoxicity assays and by OxoPlate assay in the presence of various test compounds. The fluorescence signal generated by GFP in response to DNA damage was related to the different concentrations of analytes and the analyte-dependent GFP synthesis. The use of distinct DNA damage-inducible promoters presents alternative genotoxicity testing strategies by selective induction of promoters in response to DNA damage. The new DIN7 and PLM2 systems show higher sensitivity than the RNR2 and RAD54 systems in detecting 4-nitroquinoline- N-oxide and actinomycin D. Both DIN7 and PLM2 systems are able to detect camptothecin while RNR2 and RAD54 systems are not. Automated laboratory systems with assay performance on 384-well microplates provide for cost-effective high-throughput screening of DNA-damaging agents, reducing compound consumption to about 53% as compared with existing eukaryotic genotoxicity bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Ngoc Bui
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yvan Bettarel
- Institute of Research and Development, UMR ECOSYM, Montpellier, France
| | - Thi Hoai Thu Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Linh Pham
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Yen Hoang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Thanh Thanh Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Minh Nghiem
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Gao Q, Liou LC, Ren Q, Bao X, Zhang Z. Salt stress causes cell wall damage in yeast cells lacking mitochondrial DNA. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2014; 1:94-99. [PMID: 28357227 PMCID: PMC5349227 DOI: 10.15698/mic2014.01.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The yeast cell wall plays an important role in maintaining cell morphology, cell integrity and response to environmental stresses. Here, we report that salt stress causes cell wall damage in yeast cells lacking mitochondrial DNA (ρ0). Upon salt treatment, the cell wall is thickened, broken and becomes more sensitive to the cell wall-perturbing agent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Also, SCW11 mRNA levels are elevated in ρ0 cells. Deletion of SCW11 significantly decreases the sensitivity of ρ0 cells to SDS after salt treatment, while overexpression of SCW11 results in higher sensitivity. In addition, salt stress in ρ0 cells induces high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which further damages the cell wall, causing cells to become more sensitive towards the cell wall-perturbing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liang-Chun Liou
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Qun Ren
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaojie Zhang
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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13
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Sukhanova EI, Rogov AG, Severin FF, Zvyagilskaya RA. Phenoptosis in yeasts. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 77:761-75. [PMID: 22817540 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912070097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The current view on phenoptosis and apoptosis as genetic programs aimed at eliminating potentially dangerous organisms and cells, respectively, is given. Special emphasis is placed on apoptosis (phenoptosis) in yeasts: intracellular defects and a plethora of external stimuli inducing apoptosis in yeasts; distinctive morphological and biochemical hallmarks accompanying apoptosis in yeasts; pro- and antiapoptotic factors involved in yeast apoptosis signaling; consecutive stages of apoptosis from external stimulus to the cell death; a prominent role of mitochondria and other organelles in yeast apoptosis; possible pathways for release of apoptotic factors from the intermembrane mitochondrial space into the cytosol are described. Using some concrete examples, the obvious physiological importance and expediency of altruistic death of yeast cells is shown. Poorly known aspects of yeast apoptosis and prospects for yeast apoptosis study are defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Sukhanova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
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14
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Trama B, Fernandes JDS, Labuto G, Oliveira JCFD, Viana-Niero C, Pascon RC, Vallim MA. The Evaluation of Bioremediation Potential of a Yeast Collection Isolated from Composting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2014.412088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Yue Q, Zhou X, Leng Q, Zhang L, Cheng B, Zhang X. 7-ketocholesterol-induced caspase-mediated apoptosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2013; 13:796-803. [PMID: 24028627 DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of cholesterol oxidation products has been documented in several mammalian cell lines. It can lead to a wide range of diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this toxicity in vivo are scarce. The objective of the present study was to assess the potential toxic effects of 7-ketocholesterol, an important cholesterol oxidation product, on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our data show for the first time that 7-ketocholesterol can induce dose-dependent cell death in S. cerevisiae. These results suggest that the death induced by this compound is apoptotic and accompanied by chromatin condensation, the production of ROS, and translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane. We further showed that 7-ketocholesterol-induced cell death was partially rescued after pretreatment with caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-fmk). In addition, caspase deletion resulted in promotion of cell viability. All these results strongly indicated that 7-ketocholesterol induces apoptosis in yeast cells through a caspase-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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16
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Savi GD, Vitorino V, Bortoluzzi AJ, Scussel VM. Effect of zinc compounds on Fusarium verticillioides growth, hyphae alterations, conidia, and fumonisin production. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3395-3402. [PMID: 23775536 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several strategies are used to eliminate toxigenic fungi that produce fumonisins in grains. Fusarium verticillioides can be controlled by the application of synthetic fungicides in the field or during storage. However, there may also be residuals, which may remain in the foods. Inorganic compounds such as zinc are cheap, stable and could present strong antifungal activity. Some Zn compounds can be utilized as dietary supplements and are authorized for the fortification of foods. Knowing the advantages and that low concentrations of Zn can have antimicrobial activity, our objective was to evaluate the effects of Zn compounds on the growth of F. verticillioides and the production of fumonisin and conidia. In addition, we aimed to verify that Zn compounds cause morphological alterations of the hyphae, mortality and production of reactive oxygen species. RESULTS Zn compounds efficiently reduced fungal growth and fumonisin production. Treatment using zinc perchlorate gave the best results. All treatments inhibited conidia production and caused morphological alterations of the hyphae. It was possible to observe cell death and production of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSION Zn compounds have advantages compared to other antifungal compounds. In particular, they are non-toxic for the organism in appropriate amounts. They could be studied further as potential fungicides in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovana D Savi
- Laboratory of Mycotoxicology and Food Contaminants, Food Science and Technology Department, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, 88034-001, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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17
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Zhang M, Zhu R, Zhang M, Gao B, Sun D, Wang S. High-energy pulse-electron-beam-induced molecular and cellular damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Res Microbiol 2013; 164:100-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2012.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Euglena gracilis is a unicellular, free-living flagellate that inhabits various freshwater environments. Our research shows that exposure to UV-C light can trigger some form of programmed cell death. Cells exposed to UV-C light underwent delayed changes that were strongly reminiscent of apoptosis in mammalian cells, including cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation that produced the characteristic ladder pattern commonly seen with apoptosis. DNA fragmentation could be inhibited by pretreatment with Z-VAD-FMK and also independently induced by exposure to staurosporine. In addition, Euglena possess proteins that cross-reacted with antibodies raised against human caspases 3 and 9. Given that Euglena are extremely easy to culture and represent a lineage positioned near the base of the eukaryotic tree, they will be an excellent model system for comparative analyses with apoptotic-like death processes in other eukaryotic microbes.
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19
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Ren Q, Liou LC, Gao Q, Bao X, Zhang Z. Bir1 deletion causes malfunction of the spindle assembly checkpoint and apoptosis in yeast. Front Oncol 2012; 2:93. [PMID: 22908045 PMCID: PMC3414729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division in yeast is a highly regulated and well studied event. Various checkpoints are placed throughout the cell cycle to ensure faithful segregation of sister chromatids. Unexpected events, such as DNA damage or oxidative stress, cause the activation of checkpoint(s) and cell cycle arrest. Malfunction of the checkpoints may induce cell death. We previously showed that under oxidative stress, the budding yeast cohesin Mcd1, a homolog of human Rad21, was cleaved by the caspase-like protease Esp1. The cleaved Mcd1 C-terminal fragment was then translocated to mitochondria, causing apoptotic cell death. In the present study, we demonstrated that Bir1 plays an important role in spindle assembly checkpoint and cell death. Similar to H2O2 treatment, deletion of BIR1 using a BIR1-degron strain caused degradation of the securin Pds1, which binds and inactivates Esp1 until metaphase-anaphase transition in a normal cell cycle. BIR1 deletion caused an increase level of ROS and mis-location of Bub1, a major protein for spindle assembly checkpoint. In wild type, Bub1 was located at the kinetochores, but was primarily in the cytoplasm in bir1 deletion strain. When BIR1 was deleted, addition of nocodazole was unable to retain the Bub1 localization on kinetochores, further suggesting that Bir1 is required to activate and maintain the spindle assembly checkpoint. Our study suggests that the BIR1 function in cell cycle regulation works in concert with its anti-apoptosis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ren
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming Laramie, WY, USA
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20
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Arroyo-Helguera O, Penas Alejandro DL, Irene C. Occurrence of killer Candida glabrata clinical isolates. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:880-7. [PMID: 24031902 PMCID: PMC3768868 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822012000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we characterized the occurrence of killer activity in 64 Candida glabrata clinical isolates under different conditions. We found that only 6.25 % of the clinical isolates tested were positive for killer activity against a Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 sensitive strain. Sensitivity of killer activity to different values of pH and temperatures was analyzed. We found that the killer activity presented by all isolates was resistant to every pH and temperature tested, although optimal activity was found at a range of pH values from 4 to 7 and at 37°C. We did not observe extrachromosomal genetic elements associated with killer activity in any of the positive C. glabrata isolates. The killer effect was due to a decrease in viability and DNA fragmentation in sensitive yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Arroyo-Helguera
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luís Castelazo Ayala S/N, Industrial Animas , 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz , México
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21
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Gateva S, Jovtchev G, Stergios M, Yonova P. The potential of synthetic thiourea compound to reduce the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of paraquat in Hordeum vulgare and cultured human lymphocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2012; 27:220-228. [PMID: 20862738 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 06/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluated the ability of one synthetic compound 1-(4-fluorophenylthiocarbamoyl)-4-methyl-piperazine (FTMP), thiourea derivative to reduce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of free radical inducer paraquat (PQ) in two different test systems Hordeum vulgare and human lymphocytes in vitro. The mitotic index was used as a marker for cytotoxicity. To indicate genotoxicity, chromosome aberrations test and micronucleus induction test were used. FTMP manifested a weak genotoxic effect in both test systems. Clear evidence was obtained that conditioning treatment with FTMP (10(-6) , 5 × 10(-6) , and 10(-5) mol/l) could decrease chromosome aberrations and micronuclei induced by PQ in both test systems. "Aberration hot spots" in heterochromatin containing segments were reduced. The present data show that the thiourea synthetic compound FTMP provides genome protection against the harmful action of oxidative stress inductor PQ. Human lymphocytes were found to be more sensitive to the cytotoxic and clastogenic effects of FTMP conditioning treatment than Hordeum vulgare. Revealing the protective action of newly synthesized compounds could contribute to the improvement of our present knowledge of the mechanisms of mutagenesis and antimutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetla Gateva
- Department of Bioindication and Risk Assessment, Central Laboratory of General Ecology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
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22
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Farrell H, Hayes J, Laffey J, Rowan N. Studies on the relationship between pulsed UV light irradiation and the simultaneous occurrence of molecular and cellular damage in clinically-relevant Candida albicans. J Microbiol Methods 2011; 84:317-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Global transcriptional analysis of yeast cell death induced by mutation of sister chromatid cohesin. Comp Funct Genomics 2010:634283. [PMID: 18551189 PMCID: PMC2423420 DOI: 10.1155/2008/634283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2007] [Revised: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cohesin is a protein complex that regulates sister chromatid cohesin during cell division. Malfunction in chromatid cohesin results in chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy. Here, we report that mutations of MCD1 and PDS5, two major components of cohesin in budding yeast, cause apoptotic cell death, which is characterized by externalization of phosphatidylserine at cytoplasmic membrane, chromatin condensation and fragmentation, and ROS production. Microarray analysis suggests that the cell death caused by mutation of MCD1 or PDS5 is due to the internal stress response, contrasting to the environmental or external stress response induced by external stimuli, such as hydrogen peroxide. A common feature shared by the internal stress response and external stress response is the response to stimulus, including response to DNA damage, mitochondria functions, and oxidative stress, which play an important role in yeast apoptotic cell death.
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24
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Rodríguez-Porrata B, Lopez-Martinez G, Redón M, Sancho M, Mas A, Rozès N, Cordero-Otero R. Enhancing yeast cell viability after dehydration by modification of the lipid profile. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Sharon A, Finkelstein A, Shlezinger N, Hatam I. Fungal apoptosis: function, genes and gene function. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2009; 33:833-54. [PMID: 19416362 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00180.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells of all living organisms are programmed to self-destruct under certain conditions. The most well known form of programmed cell death is apoptosis, which is essential for proper development in higher eukaryotes. In fungi, apoptotic-like cell death occurs naturally during aging and reproduction, and can be induced by environmental stresses and exposure to toxic metabolites. The core apoptotic machinery in fungi is similar to that in mammals, but the apoptotic network is less complex and of more ancient origin. Only some of the mammalian apoptosis-regulating proteins have fungal homologs, and the number of protein families is drastically reduced. Expression in fungi of animal proteins that do not have fungal homologs often affects apoptosis, suggesting functional conservation of these components despite the absence of protein-sequence similarity. Functional analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae apoptotic genes, and more recently of those in some filamentous species, has revealed partial conservation, along with substantial differences in function and mode of action between fungal and human proteins. It has been suggested that apoptotic proteins might be suitable targets for novel antifungal treatments. However, implementation of this approach requires a better understanding of fungal apoptotic networks and identification of the key proteins regulating apoptotic-like cell death in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sharon
- Department of Plant Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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26
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A newly identified essential complex, Dre2-Tah18, controls mitochondria integrity and cell death after oxidative stress in yeast. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4376. [PMID: 19194512 PMCID: PMC2633045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 12/25/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mutated allele of the essential gene TAH18 was previously identified in our laboratory in a genetic screen for new proteins interacting with the DNA polymerase delta in yeast [1]. The present work shows that Tah18 plays a role in response to oxidative stress. After exposure to lethal doses of H2O2, GFP-Tah18 relocalizes to the mitochondria and controls mitochondria integrity and cell death. Dre2, an essential Fe/S cluster protein and homologue of human anti-apoptotic Ciapin1, was identified as a molecular partner of Tah18 in the absence of stress. Moreover, Ciapin1 is able to replace yeast Dre2 in vivo and physically interacts with Tah18. Our results are in favour of an oxidative stress-induced cell death in yeast that involves mitochondria and is controlled by the newly identified Dre2-Tah18 complex.
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27
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Moharikar S, D'Souza JS, Rao BJ. A homologue of the defender against the apoptotic death gene (dad1 )in UV-exposed Chlamydomonas cells is downregulated with the onset of programmed cell death. J Biosci 2008; 32:261-70. [PMID: 17435318 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-007-0026-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report here the isolation of a homologue of the potential anti-apoptotic gene, defender against apoptotic death (dad1 )from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells.Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR),we investigated its expression in the execution process of programmed cell death (PCD)in UV-C exposed dying C.reinhardtii cells.Reverse- transcriptase (RT)-PCR showed that C.reinhardtii dad1 amplification was drastically reduced in UV-C exposed dying C.reinhardtii cells.We connect the downregulation of dad1 with the upregulation of apoptosis protease activating factor-1 (APAF-1)and the physiological changes that occur in C.reinhardtii cells upon exposure to 12 J/m 2 UV-C in order to show a reciprocal relationship between proapoptotic and inhibitor of apoptosis factors.The temporal changes indicate a correlation between the onset of cell death and dad1 downregulation.The sequence of the PCR product of the cDNA encoding the dad1 homologue was aligned with the annotated dad1 (C_20215)from the Chlamydomonas database (http://genome.jgi-psf.org:8080/annotator/servlet/jgi.annotation.Annotation?pDb=chlre2); Annotation?pDb=chlre2 );this sequence was found to show 100% identity,both at the nucleotide and amino acid level. The 327 bp transcript showed an open reading frame of 87 amino acid residues.The deduced amino acid sequence of the putative C.reinhardtii DAD1 homologue showed 54% identity with Oryza sativa, 56 identity with Drosophila melanogaster, 66% identity with Xenopus laevis, and 64% identity with Homo sapiens,Sus scrofa,Gallus gallus,Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Moharikar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005
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28
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Effect of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) air plasma on cell cycle, nucleotide and survival rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Schmitt MJ, Reiter J. Viral induced yeast apoptosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2008; 1783:1413-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 01/17/2008] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Effect of active dry wine yeast storage upon viability and lipid composition. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-008-9779-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Lemar KM, Aon MA, Cortassa S, O'Rourke B, Müller CT, Lloyd D. Diallyl disulphide depletes glutathione in Candida albicans: oxidative stress-mediated cell death studied by two-photon microscopy. Yeast 2007; 24:695-706. [PMID: 17534841 PMCID: PMC2292485 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Using two-photon scanning laser microscopy, we investigated the effect of an Allium sativum (garlic) constituent, diallyl disulphide (DADS), on key physiological functions of the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans. A short 30 min exposure to 0.5 mM DADS followed by removal induced 70% cell death (50% necrotic, 20% apoptotic) within 2 h, increasing to 75% after 4 h. The early intracellular events associated with DADS-induced cell death were monitored with two-photon fluorescence microscopy to track mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NADH or reduced glutathione (GSH) under aerobic conditions. DADS treatment decreased intracellular GSH and elevated intracellular ROS levels. Additionally, DADS induced a marked decrease of Deltapsi(m) and lowered respiration in cell suspensions and isolated mitochondria. In vitro kinetic experiments in cell-free extracts suggest that glutathione-S-transferase (GST) is one of the intracellular targets of DADS. Additional targets were also identified, including inhibition of a site or sites between complexes II-IV in the electron transport chain, as well as the mitochondrial ATP-synthase. The results indicate that DADS is an effective antifungal agent able to trigger cell death in Candida, most probably by eliciting oxidative stress as a consequence of thiol depletion and impaired mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katey M Lemar
- Microbiology (BIOSI 1), Main Building, Cardiff University, PO Box 915, Cardiff CF10 3TL, UK
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32
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Odat O, Matta S, Khalil H, Kampranis SC, Pfau R, Tsichlis PN, Makris AM. Old yellow enzymes, highly homologous FMN oxidoreductases with modulating roles in oxidative stress and programmed cell death in yeast. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:36010-23. [PMID: 17897954 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m704058200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In a genetic screen to identify modifiers of Bax-dependent lethality in yeast, the C terminus of OYE2 was isolated based on its capacity to restore sensitivity to a Bax-resistant yeast mutant strain. Overexpression of full-length OYE2 suppresses Bax lethality in yeast, lowers endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), increases resistance to H(2)O(2)-induced programmed cell death (PCD), and significantly lowers ROS levels generated by organic prooxidants. Reciprocally, Delta oye2 yeast strains are sensitive to prooxidant-induced PCD. Overexpression and knock-out analysis indicate these OYE2 antioxidant activities are opposed by OYE3, a highly homologous heterodimerizing protein, which functions as a prooxidant promoting H(2)O(2)-induced PCD in wild type yeast. To exert its effect OYE3 requires the presence of OYE2. Deletion of the 12 C-terminal amino acids and catalytic inactivation of OYE2 by a Y197F mutation enhance significantly survival upon H(2)O(2)-induced PCD in wild type cells, but accelerate PCD in Delta oye3 cells, implicating the oye2p-oye3p heterodimer for promoting cell death upon oxidative stress. Unexpectedly, a strain with a double knock-out of these genes (Delta oye2 oye3) is highly resistant to H(2)O(2)-induced PCD, exhibits increased respiratory capacity, and undergoes less cell death during the adaptive response in chronological aging. Simultaneous deletion of OYE2 and other antioxidant genes hyperinduces endogenous levels of ROS, promoting H(2)O(2)-induced cell death: in Delta oye2 glr1 yeast high levels of oxidized glutathione elicited gross morphological aberrations involving the actin cytoskeleton and defects in organelle partitioning. Altering the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione by exogenous addition of GSH fully reversed these alterations. Based on this work, OYE proteins are firmly placed in the signaling network connecting ROS generation, PCD modulation, and cytoskeletal dynamics in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Odat
- Department of Natural Products, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
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33
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Abstract
Metal ions are essential as well as toxic to the cell. The mechanism of metal-induced toxicity is not well established. Here, for the first time we studied two essential nutritional elements, copper and manganese, for their apoptotic effects in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although beneficial at subtoxic levels, we demonstrated that at moderately toxic levels, both metals induce extensive apoptosis in yeast cells. At even higher concentrations, necrosis takes over. Furthermore, we investigated the molecular pathways mediating Cu- and Mn-mediated apoptotic action. Mitochondria-defective yeast exhibit a much reduced apoptotic marker expression and better survival under Cu and Mn stress, indicating mitochondria are involved in both Cu- and Mn-induced apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in high amounts in Cu- but not in Mn-induced cell death, and Cu toxicity can be alleviated by overexpression of superoxide dismutase 2, suggesting ROS mediate Cu but not Mn toxicity. Yeast metacaspase Yca1p is not involved in Cu-induced apoptosis, although it plays an important role in the Mn-induced process. A genetic screen identified Cpr3p, a yeast cyclophilin D homologue, as mediating the Cu-induced apoptotic program. Cpr3p mutant seems to eliminate Cu-induced apoptosis without affecting ROS production, while leaving necrosis intact. These results may provide important insight into a detailed understanding at the molecular and cellular level of metal toxicity and metal accumulation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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34
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Aouida M, Mekid H, Belhadj O, Mir LM, Tounekti O. Mitochondria-independent morphological and biochemical apoptotic alterations promoted by the anti-tumor agent bleomycin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 85:49-55. [PMID: 17464344 DOI: 10.1139/o06-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bleomycin is a highly potent cytotoxic and genotoxic agent used in the chemotherapy of various types of tumors. It is a radiomimetic anticancer drug that produces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks in a catalytic way. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system, we show that when a high amount of bleomycin molecules is internalized (100 micromol/L), morphological changes identical to those usually associated with apoptosis, i.e., a sub-G1 region peak, chromatin condensation, and very rapid DNA fragmentation into oligonucleosomal-sized fragments, are observed. The known bleomycin inhibitors cobalt and EDTA were able to prevent bleomycin nucleasic activity and thus apoptotic cell death. However, both oligomycin, a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial F0F1-ATPase, and antimycin, a drug affecting mitochondria respiration, were unable to prevent the bleomycin-induced apoptotic-like cell death. These results suggest that high bleomycin concentrations induce an apoptosis-like mitochondria-independent cell death in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Aouida
- Laboratoire de Vectorologie et Transfert de Gènes, UMR 8121 CNRS, Institut Gustave-Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif Cédex, France.
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35
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Magherini F, Tani C, Gamberi T, Caselli A, Bianchi L, Bini L, Modesti A. Protein expression profiles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during apoptosis induced by H2O2. Proteomics 2007; 7:1434-45. [PMID: 17469077 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We identified the proteins involved during apoptosis induced by H2O2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and analyzed the global protein pattern by 2-DE. We analyzed classical parameters of apoptosis such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and morphology changes of cells. Exposure of yeast cells to nonphysiological doses of peroxides decreases the expression (or increases degradation) of enzymes involved in protection against oxidative stress. This leads the yeast cells to a reduction of their antioxidant defense and makes the cells more prone to apoptosis. In our data the down expression of peroxiredoxin II and GST I, could induce a perturbation of mitochondrial function with an alteration of permeability of the membrane leading to the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, we identified a new spot of a classical glycolytic enzyme: the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase during apoptosis. It is known that GAPDH is an extremely abundant glycolytic enzyme with multiple functions and that its overexpression is evident during apoptosis induced by a variety of stimuli. Our results confirm that it is a major intracellular messenger mediating apoptotic death and that this new spot of GAPDH could be an intracellular sensor of oxidative stress during apoptosis induced by H2O2 in S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magherini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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36
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Yang H, Ren Q, Zhang Z. Chromosome or chromatin condensation leads to meiosis or apoptosis in stationary yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells. FEMS Yeast Res 2007; 6:1254-63. [PMID: 17156022 DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
When starved of essential nutrients, yeast cells cease mitotic division and enter an alternative state called the 'stationary phase'. In this paper, we report that stationary cells enter two major pathways: meiosis and apoptosis. Using transmission electron microscopy, five types of cell were identified in the stationary phase: (1) cells with chromosome condensed nuclei; (2) cells with normal, homogeneously stained nuclei; (3) sporulated cells; (4) apoptotic cells, in which chromatin, but not individual chromosomes, was condensed; and (5) dead cells, in which nuclei and cytoplasm were degraded. Further evidence using live cell imaging and mutation analysis suggested that cells with condensed chromosomes underwent meiosis, whereas chromatin condensed cells underwent apoptotic cell death. Cells with homogeneous nuclei are believed to be in the true resting state and undergo cell death when starvation continues. Chromosome or chromatin condensation may serve as a hallmark of life or death for stationary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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37
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Khoury CM, Yang Z, Ismail S, Greenwood MT. Characterization of a novel alternatively spliced human transcript encoding an N-terminally truncated Vps24 protein that suppresses the effects of Bax in an ESCRT independent manner in yeast. Gene 2007; 391:233-41. [PMID: 17331679 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2006.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating novel anti-apoptotic regulatory pathways is central to further understanding the molecular basis of several pathologies, including cancer. We have previously reported the identification of several mammalian cDNAs effective in preventing the lethal effects of heterologous expression of a pro-apoptotic BAX cDNA in yeast [Yang, Z., Khoury, C., Jean-Baptiste, G., Greenwood, M.T., 2006. Identification of mouse sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SMS1) as a suppressor of Bax mediated cell death in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res. 6, 751-762]. Here we report that one of the Bax suppressors encodes a novel 156 amino acid variant of the human Vps24 protein, Vps24beta, that lacks the N-terminal lipid binding domain of the well characterized 222 residue Vps24 (Vps24alpha). We demonstrate that the VPS24beta cDNA represents an expressed transcript that is likely produced by alternative splicing of the human VPS24 gene. Vps24alpha, but not Vps24beta, prevented the temperature and salt sensitive growth defects observed in a yeast mutant lacking a functional VPS24 gene. In contrast, Vps24beta, but not Vps24alpha, suppressed the inhibitory effects of Bax on yeast growth. Vps24beta protein also suppressed the effects of Bax in mutants lacking other VPS genes suggesting that a functional ESCRT pathway, of which the yeast Vps24p is an essential component, is not required for Vps24beta function. Taken together, we demonstrate that the human VPS24 gene gives rise to two functionally distinct proteins, one of which is involved in the ESCRT pathway and another novel protein that serves an anti-apoptotic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamel M Khoury
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2
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38
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Almeida B, Sampaio-Marques B, Carvalho J, Silva MT, Leão C, Rodrigues F, Ludovico P. An atypical active cell death process underlies the fungicidal activity of ciclopirox olamine against the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2007; 7:404-12. [PMID: 17233764 DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciclopirox olamine (CPO), a fungicidal agent widely used in clinical practice, induced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae an active cell death (ACD) process characterized by changes in nuclear morphology and chromatin condensation associated with the appearance of a population in the sub-G(0)/G(1) cell cycle phase and an arrest delay in the G(2)/M phases. This ACD was associated neither with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, as revealed by the use of different classes of ROS scavengers, nor with a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive phenotype. Furthermore, CPO-induced cell death seems to be dependent on unknown protease activity but independent of the apoptotic regulators Aif1p and Yca1p and of autophagic pathways involving Apg5p, Apg8p and Uth1p. Our results show that CPO triggers in S. cerevisiae an atypical nonapoptotic, nonautophagic ACD with as yet unknown regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Almeida
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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39
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Bohn M, Leppchen K, Katzberg M, Lang A, Steingroewer J, Weber J, Bley T, Bertau M. Effects of caffeine on stereoselectivities of high cell density biotransformations of cyclic β-keto esters with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:3456-63. [DOI: 10.1039/b709716f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Programmed cell death in unicellular organisms is difficult to account for in evolutionary terms. In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, existence of several morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis has been described, and genes responsible for execution of the death program have been identified. It is here suggested that apoptosis of yeast cells could provide direct benefit to the genes of the dying cells, by facilitating DNA transfer to surrounding cells. The biochemical details of yeast apoptotic death are considered in light of a gene transfer hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Koren
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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41
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Ribeiro GF, Côrte-Real M, Johansson B. Characterization of DNA damage in yeast apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and hyperosmotic shock. Mol Biol Cell 2006; 17:4584-91. [PMID: 16899507 PMCID: PMC1635349 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e06-05-0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been reported to die, under certain conditions, from programmed cell death with apoptotic markers. One of the most important markers is chromosomal DNA fragmentation as indicated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. We found TUNEL staining in S. cerevisiae to be a consequence of both single- and double-strand DNA breaks, whereas in situ ligation specifically stained double-strand DNA breaks. Cells treated with hydrogen peroxide or acetic acid staining positively for TUNEL assay stained negatively for in situ ligation, indicating that DNA damage in both cases mainly consists of single-strand DNA breaks. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis of chromosomal DNA from cells dying from hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, or hyperosmotic shock revealed DNA breakdown into fragments of several hundred kilobases, consistent with the higher order chromatin degradation preceding DNA laddering in apoptotic mammalian cells. DNA fragmentation was associated with death by treatment with 10 mM hydrogen peroxide but not 150 mM and was absent if cells were fixed with formaldehyde to eliminate enzyme activity before hydrogen peroxide treatment. These observations are consistent with a process that, like mammalian apoptosis, is enzyme dependent, degrades chromosomal DNA, and is activated only at low intensity of death stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela F. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Biologia Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Biologia Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Björn Johansson
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Biologia Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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42
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Yang Z, Khoury C, Jean-Baptiste G, Greenwood MT. Identification of mouse sphingomyelin synthase 1 as a suppressor of Bax-mediated cell death in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2006; 6:751-62. [PMID: 16879426 DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00052.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified mouse sphingomyelin synthase 1 as a novel suppressor of the growth inhibitory effect of heterologously expressed Bax. Yeast cells expressing sphingomyelin synthase 1 were also found to show an increased resistance to a variety of cytotoxic stimuli including hydrogen peroxide, osmotic stress and elevated temperature. Sphingomyelin synthase 1 functions by catalyzing the conversion of ceramide and phosphatidylcholine to sphingomyelin and diacylglycerol. Ceramide is an antiproliferative and proapoptotic sphingolipid whose level increases in response to a variety of stresses. Consistent with its biochemical function, yeast cells expressing sphingomyelin synthase 1 have an enhanced ability to grow in media containing the cell-permeable C2-ceramide analog as well as the ceramide precursor phytosphingosine. We also show that overexpression of AUR1, a potential yeast functional homolog of sphingomyelin synthase, also protects cells from osmotic stress. Taken together, these results suggest that sphingomyelin synthase 1 likely prevents cell death by counteracting stress-mediated accumulation of endogenous sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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43
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Abstract
Since the discovery of toxin-secreting killer yeasts more than 40 years ago, research into this phenomenon has provided insights into eukaryotic cell biology and virus-host-cell interactions. This review focuses on the most recent advances in our understanding of the basic biology of virus-carrying killer yeasts, in particular the toxin-encoding killer viruses, and the intracellular processing, maturation and toxicity of the viral protein toxins. The strategy of using eukaryotic viral toxins to effectively penetrate and eventually kill a eukaryotic target cell will be discussed, and the cellular mechanisms of self-defence and protective immunity will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred J Schmitt
- Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Saarland, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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44
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Kitanovic A, Wölfl S. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase mediates cellular responses to DNA damage and aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutat Res 2006; 594:135-47. [PMID: 16199065 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2005] [Revised: 08/13/2005] [Accepted: 08/24/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Response to DNA damage, lack of nutrients and other stress conditions is an essential property of living systems. The coordinate response includes DNA damage repair, activation of alternate biochemical pathways, adjustment of cellular proliferation and cell cycle progression as well as drastic measures like cellular suicide which prevents proliferation of severely damaged cells. Investigating the transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to low doses of the alkylating agent methylmethane sulfonate (MMS) we observed induction of genes involved in glucose metabolism. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of the key enzyme in gluconeogenesis fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1) was clearly up-regulated by MMS in glucose-rich medium. Interestingly, deletion of FBP1 led to reduced sensitivity to MMS, but not to other DNA-damaging agents, such as 4-NQO or phleomycin. Reintroduction of FBP1 in the knockout restored the wild-type phenotype while overexpression increased MMS sensitivity of wild-type, shortened life span and increased induction of RNR2 after treatment with MMS. Deletion of FBP1 reduced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to MMS treatment and in untreated aged cells, and increased the amount of cells able to propagate and to form colonies, but had no influence on the genotoxic effect of MMS. Our results indicate that FBP1 influences the connection between DNA damage, aging and oxidative stress through either direct signalling or an intricate adaptation in energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Kitanovic
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare Biotechnologie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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45
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Alzate JF, Alvarez-Barrientos A, González VM, Jiménez-Ruiz A. Heat-induced programmed cell death in Leishmania infantum is reverted by Bcl-X(L) expression. Apoptosis 2006; 11:161-71. [PMID: 16502255 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-4570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of reports indicate that single-celled organisms are able to die following what seems to be an ordered program of cell death with strong similarities to apoptosis from higher eukaryotes. DNA degradation and several other apoptotic-like processes have also been described in the parasitic protozoa Leishmania. However, the existence of an apoptotic death in this parasite is still a matter of controversy. Our results indicate that most of the processes of macromolecular degradation and organelle dysfunction observed in mammalian cells during apoptosis can also be reproduced in promastigotes of the genus Leishmania when incubated at temperatures above 38 degrees C. These processes can be partially reversed by the expression of the anti-apoptotic mammalian gene Bcl-X(L), which suggests that this family of apoptosis-regulating proteins was present very early in the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Alzate
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Universitario, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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46
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Li W, Sun L, Liang Q, Wang J, Mo W, Zhou B. Yeast AMID homologue Ndi1p displays respiration-restricted apoptotic activity and is involved in chronological aging. Mol Biol Cell 2006; 17:1802-11. [PMID: 16436509 PMCID: PMC1415318 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e05-04-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and AIF-homologous mitochondrion-associated inducer of death (AMID) are both mitochondrial flavoproteins that trigger caspase-independent apoptosis. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that these two proteins evolutionarily diverge back from their common prokaryote ancestor. Compared with AIF, the proapoptotic nature of AMID and its mode of action are much less clarified. Here, we show that overexpression of yeast AMID homologue internal NADH dehydrogenase (NDI1), but not external NADH dehydrogenase (NDE1), can cause apoptosis-like cell death, and this effect can be repressed by increased respiration on glucose-limited media. This result indicates that the regulatory network of energy metabolism, in particular the cross-talk between mitochondria and the rest of the cell, is involved in Ndi1p-induced yeast cell apoptosis. The apoptotic effect of NDI1 overexpression is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria. In addition, NDI1 overexpression in sod2 background causes cell lethality in both fermentable and semifermentable media. Interruption of certain components in the electron transport chain can suppress the growth inhibition from Ndi1p overexpression. We finally show that disruption of NDI1 or NDE1 decreases ROS production and elongates the chronological life span of yeast, accompanied by the loss of survival fitness. Implication of these findings for Ndi1p-induced apoptosis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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47
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Robson GD. Programmed cell death in the aspergilli and other filamentous fungi. Med Mycol 2006; 44:S109-S114. [DOI: 10.1080/13693780600835765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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48
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Reekmans R, De Smet K, Chen C, Van Hummelen P, Contreras R. Old yellow enzyme interferes with Bax-induced NADPH loss and lipid peroxidation in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2005; 5:711-25. [PMID: 15851100 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsyr.2004.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2004] [Revised: 12/29/2004] [Accepted: 12/30/2004] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast transcriptional response to murine Bax expression was compared with the changes induced by H(2)O(2) treatment via microarray technology. Although most of the Bax-responsive genes were also triggered by H(2)O(2) treatment, OYE3, ICY2, MLS1 and BTN2 were validated to have a Bax-specific transcriptional response not shared with the oxidative stress trigger. In knockout experiments, only deletion of OYE3, coding for yeast Old yellow enzyme, attenuated the rate of Bax-induced growth arrest, cell death and NADPH decrease. Lipid peroxidation was completely absent in DeltaOYE3 expressing Bax. However, the absence of OYE3 sensitized yeast cells to H(2)O(2)-induced cell death, and increased the rate of NADPH decrease and lipid peroxidation. Our results clearly indicate that OYE3 interferes with Bax- and H(2)O(2)-induced lipid peroxidation and cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieka Reekmans
- Unit of Fundamental and Applied Molecular Biology, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB-Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
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49
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Laun P, Ramachandran L, Jarolim S, Herker E, Liang P, Wang J, Weinberger M, Burhans DT, Suter B, Madeo F, Burhans WC, Breitenbach M. A comparison of the aging and apoptotic transcriptome of. FEMS Yeast Res 2005; 5:1261-72. [PMID: 16168721 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsyr.2005.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2005] [Revised: 06/16/2005] [Accepted: 07/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present the results of global transcript analysis by the microarray technique of senescent and apoptotic yeast cells. We compared young daughter and old mother cells isolated by elutriation centrifugation, and non-apoptotic and apoptotic cells induced either by a temperature shift of the cdc48(S565G) temperature-sensitive mutant or of the orc2-1 temperature-sensitive mutant. The majority of all genes found to be differentially regulated in these three physiological situations was upregulated, indicating that a cellular death process was initiated rather than an unspecific shut-down of gene expression due to immediate killing. The functional classes of genes upregulated in all three conditions were largely the same, although individual genes were in many cases not identical. The largest group of genes involved were nuclear genes coding for mitochondrial components or functions, which is understandable given the fact that apoptosis can be triggered by mitochondrially generated oxygen radicals and that mitochondria play an important role in the execution of apoptosis. Other functional classes consisted of genes involved in DNA damage response, in cell cycle regulation and checkpoints, in DNA repair, and in membrane lipid and cell wall synthesis. These functional classes represent the response of the cell to the known cellular insults, which occur during aging and apoptosis. As we have shown previously, final-stage senescent yeast mother cells (of the wild-type) are apoptotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Laun
- Department of Cell Biology, Salzburg University, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, Austria
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Silva RD, Sotoca R, Johansson B, Ludovico P, Sansonetty F, Silva MT, Peinado JM, Côrte-Real M. Hyperosmotic stress induces metacaspase- and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Microbiol 2005; 58:824-34. [PMID: 16238630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During the last years, several reports described an apoptosis-like programmed cell death process in yeast in response to different environmental aggressions. Here, evidence is presented that hyperosmotic stress caused by high glucose or sorbitol concentrations in culture medium induces in Saccharomyces cerevisiae a cell death process accompanied by morphological and biochemical indicators of apoptotic programmed cell death, namely chromatin condensation along the nuclear envelope, mitochondrial swelling and reduction of cristae number, production of reactive oxygen species and DNA strand breaks, with maintenance of plasma membrane integrity. Disruption of AIF1 had no effect on cell survival, but lack of Yca1p drastically reduced metacaspase activation and decreased cell death indicating that this death process was associated to activation of this protease. Supporting the involvement of mitochondria and cytochrome c in caspase activation, the mutant strains cyc1Deltacyc7Delta and cyc3Delta, both lacking mature cytochrome c, displayed a decrease in caspase activation associated to increased cell survival when exposed to hyperosmotic stress. These findings indicate that hyperosmotic stress triggers S. cerevisiae into an apoptosis-like programmed cell death that is mediated by a caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway partially dependent on cytochrome c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui D Silva
- Departamento de Biologia-Centro de Biologia Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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