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Joffre M, Sauvage S, Macary F, Bahi A, Tournebize J, Probst A, Probst JL, Payandi-Rolland D, Sánchez-Pérez JM. The role of ponds in pesticide dissipation at the catchment scale: The case of the Save agricultural catchment (Southwestern France). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173131. [PMID: 38734094 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are a major source of pollution for ecosystems. In agricultural catchments, ponds serve as buffer areas for pesticide transfers and biogeochemical hotspots for pesticide dissipation. Some studies have highlighted the specific impact of ponds on the dynamics of pesticides, but knowledge of their cumulative effect at the watershed scale is scarce. Hence, using a modelling approach, we assessed the cumulative role of ponds in pesticide transfer in an agricultural basin (Southwest of France, 1110 km2). The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to model the Save basin, including 197 ponds selected with a Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding Model based on their pesticide interception capacities. The daily discharge, the suspended sediment loads and two herbicide loads (i.e. S-metolachlor and aclonifen) in dissolved and particulate phases were accurately simulated from January 2002 to July 2014 at a daily time step. The presence of ponds resulted in a yearly mean reduction at the watershed outlet of respectively 61 % and 42 % of aclonifen and S-metolachlor fluxes compared to the simulations in the absence of ponds. Sediment-related processes were the most efficient for pesticide dissipation, leading to a mean dissipation efficiency by ponds of 51.0 % for aclonifen and 34.4 % for S-metolachlor. This study provides a first quantification of the cumulative role of ponds in pesticide transfer at the catchment scale in an intensive agricultural catchment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Joffre
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France.
| | - Sabine Sauvage
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France.
| | | | - Aya Bahi
- HYCAR- INRAE, University of Paris-Saclay, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony, France
| | - Julien Tournebize
- HYCAR- INRAE, University of Paris-Saclay, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony, France
| | - Anne Probst
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Luc Probst
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
| | - Dahedrey Payandi-Rolland
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
| | - José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
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Wang F, Chen S, Lv L, Wu S, Zhao Y, Liu X, Geng N, Tang T. Metabolic perturbations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to sulfentrazone and imidacloprid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173150. [PMID: 38735312 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The intensive and widespread application of pesticides in agroecosystems can lead to the simultaneous exposure of non-target aquatic organisms to insecticides and herbicides. However, the underlying mechanisms through which aquatic organisms undergo metabolic reprogramming to withstand the combined effects of the insecticide imidacloprid (IMI) and herbicide sulfentrazone (SUL) remain poorly elucidated. This study employs metabolomics to investigate the effects of individual and combined exposures to IMI and SUL on zebrafish (Danio rerio), aiming to simulate complex environmental conditions. Metabolomics analysis revealed extensive metabolic reprogramming in larvae induced by the selected agrochemicals. Both individual and combined exposures disrupted nucleotide metabolism, inhibited glycolysis, and led to the accumulation of acetylcholine through the shared modulation of differential metabolites. Notably, individual exposure exhibited a unique mode of action. Larvae exposed to IMI alone showed mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially stemming from interference with the electron transport chain, while SUL-induced disruptions were associated with glycerophospholipid accumulation, marking it as a critical target. Additionally, calculations of the metabolic effect level index indicated antagonistic interactions between SUL and IMI mixtures at an overall metabolic level. The results obtained through investigating the lethal and sub-lethal effects also revealed that the simultaneous application of SUL and IMI may have the potential to diminish acute and developmental toxicity in zebrafish. This study underscores the significance of metabolomics as a valuable and effective strategy for deciphering the toxicity and interactions of agrochemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feidi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Shenggan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xinju Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Ningbo Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
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Dalpiaz FL, Laçoli R, Butzke-Souza N, Santin JR, Poyer-Radetski L, Dallabona JA, Testolin RC, Almeida TCM, Radetski CM, Cotelle S. Eco(geno)toxicity of the new commercial insecticide Platinum Neo, a mixture of the neonicotinoid Thiamethoxam and the pyrethroid Lambda-Cyhalothrin. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124485. [PMID: 38960115 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
New mixtures of pesticides are being placed on the market to increase the spectrum of phytosanitary action. Thus, the eco(geno)toxic effects of the new commercial mixture named Platinum Neo, as well as its constituents the neonicotinoid Thiamethoxam and the pyrethroid Lambda-Cyhalothrin, were investigated using the species Daphnia magna, Raphidocelis subcapitata, Danio rerio, and Allium cepa L. The lowest- and no-observed effect concentration (LOEC and NOEC) were measured in ecotoxicological tests. While Thiamethoxam was ecotoxic at ppm level, Lambda-Cyhalothrin and Platinum Neo formulation were ecotoxic at ppb level. The mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus [MN] frequency were measured as indicators of phytogenotoxicity in A. cepa plants exposed for 12 hours to the different insecticides and their mixture under different dilutions. There were significant alterations in the MI and MN frequency in comparison with the A. cepa negative control group, with Thiamethoxam, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, and Platinum Neo treatments all significantly reducing MI and increasing MN frequency. Thus, MI reduction was found at 13.7 mg L-1 for Thiamethoxam, 0.8 μg L-1 for Lambda-Cyahalothrin, and 2.7:2 μg L-1 for Platinum Neo, while MN induction was not observed at 14 mg L-1 for Thiamethoxam, 0.8 μg L-1 for Lambda-Cyahalothrin, and 1.4:1 μg L-1 for Platinum Neo. The insecticide eco(geno)toxicity hierarchy was Platinun Neo > Lambda-Cyhalothrin > Thiamethoxam, and the organism sensitivity hierarchy was daphnids > fish > algae >A. cepa. Eco(geno)toxicity studies of new pesticide mixtures can be useful for management, risk assessment, and avoiding impacts of these products on living beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felippe L Dalpiaz
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Rosane Laçoli
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Laboratório de Remediação Ambiental, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Nicolli Butzke-Souza
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Laboratório de Remediação Ambiental, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - José R Santin
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Leticia Poyer-Radetski
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Química, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Juliana A Dallabona
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Renan C Testolin
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Laboratório de Remediação Ambiental, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Tito C M Almeida
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curso de Oceanografia, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Claudemir M Radetski
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Itajaí, Brazil.
| | - Sylvie Cotelle
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
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Kisby GE, Wilson DM, Spencer PS. Introducing the Role of Genotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7221. [PMID: 39000326 PMCID: PMC11241460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have identified genetic and environmental factors involved in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and, to a lesser extent, neuropsychiatric disorders. Genomic instability, i.e., the loss of genome integrity, is a common feature among both neurodegenerative (mayo-trophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease) and psychiatric (schizophrenia, autism, bipolar depression) disorders. Genomic instability is associated with the accumulation of persistent DNA damage and the activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, as well as pathologic neuronal cell loss or senescence. Typically, DDR signaling ensures that genomic and proteomic homeostasis are maintained in both dividing cells, including neural progenitors, and post-mitotic neurons. However, dysregulation of these protective responses, in part due to aging or environmental insults, contributes to the progressive development of neurodegenerative and/or psychiatric disorders. In this Special Issue, we introduce and highlight the overlap between neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders, as well as the emerging clinical, genomic, and molecular evidence for the contributions of DNA damage and aberrant DNA repair. Our goal is to illuminate the importance of this subject to uncover possible treatment and prevention strategies for relevant devastating brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen E. Kisby
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of Pacific Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
| | - David M. Wilson
- Biomedical Research Institute, BIOMED, Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium;
| | - Peter S. Spencer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Sciences University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Oskoei P, Marçal R, Oliveira H, Guilherme S. Hitting two targets with one shot on pesticide genotoxicity assessment - Identifying risk while unveiling ex vivo approach as a throughput tool in gill-breathing animals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134948. [PMID: 38968824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides in the environment often compromise the ecosystem, thus requiring reliable approaches to assess their effects. Commonly used approaches, such as in vivo, come with several disadvantages, namely in the light of the 3 R's policy. Seeking for accurate and ethical approaches, this study intended to validate the ex vivo technique as an alternative, and to assess the genotoxicity of chemically-based pesticides and a biopesticide. The ex vivo approach was applied to gill cells of Procambarus clarkii for 2, 4 and 8 h. Cell viability and DNA integrity were evaluated to determine the applicability of this approach. Crayfish gill cells only showed to be suitable for exposures of 2 h. Accordingly, genotoxicity was evaluated in gill cells exposed, for 2 h, to environmentally relevant concentrations of the chemically-based pesticides dimethoate (20 µg L-1), imazalil (160 µg L-1) and penoxsulam (23 µg L-1), as well as to the bioinsecticide Turex® (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg L-1). Every chemically-based pesticide demonstrated to be genotoxic, despite not inducing oxidative DNA damage. On the other hand, Turex® showed no genotoxic effects. Overall, the ex vivo approach demonstrated to be possible and practical to implement, improving the number of outcomes with a lower number of organisms. The findings from the screening test suggest that biological pesticides may pose a lower risk to non-target organisms compared to chemically-based pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Párástu Oskoei
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Marçal
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Pedrosa AM, Caetano TTV, Andrade CMLD, Bernardes MM, Alves BC, Belo V, Duarte-Almeida JM, Stein VC. Cannabis sativa L. from Seized Drug Material: In Vitro Germination and Establishment. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024; 9:e924-e932. [PMID: 37729052 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: With the expansion of the cannabis-derived product market, there is a growing need for seedling development to produce raw material for pharmaceutical applications and medicinal research. However, cannabis cultivation is illegal in many countries, and legal producers do not sell cannabis seeds in these countries. In Brazil, cannabis is still illegal, and the only way to obtain access to cannabis plants for research or as medicine is through importation, which is costly and requires authorization from the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), or from material seized by the police from drug trafficking. Methods: Therefore, since cannabis seeds obtained from drug trafficking have never been tested regarding their viability and use in in vitro cultivation, the aim of this study was to analyze the in vitro establishment of cannabis from seeds derived from Brazilian drug trafficking seizures that were provided by the police to investigate seed disinfestation procedures and further multiplication of nodal segments, with the purpose of obtaining material for medicinal research in the country. Seeds were subjected to four disinfestation treatments. Results: The best disinfestation treatment consisted in submerging the seeds in a 2 g·L-1 Captan® solution for 30 min before following the standard procedure with 70% ethanol for 30 sec and then 20 min in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. The in vitro establishment of cannabis from seeds originating from Brazilian drug trafficking seizures was successful. The germination rate ranged from 10% to 90% according to the sample material. Non-brick weed, which consisted of dry leaves, stalks, and flowers, was more suitable for seed extraction and germination. Clones originating from BW4b showed the best development results compared with others. Conclusions: This is the first report of in vitro cannabis use in Brazil and opens great prospects for future work on its cultivation and research for medicinal applications in the country without relying on seed importation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Moraes Pedrosa
- Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Bruna Cristina Alves
- Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Belo
- Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Möller C, Virzi J, Chang YJ, Keidel A, Chao MR, Hu CW, Cooke MS. DNA modifications: Biomarkers for the exposome? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104449. [PMID: 38636743 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The concept of the exposome is the encompassing of all the environmental exposures, both exogenous and endogenous, across the life course. Many, if not all, of these exposures can result in the generation of reactive species, and/or the modulation of cellular processes, that can lead to a breadth of modifications of DNA, the nature of which may be used to infer their origin. Because of their role in cell function, such modifications have been associated with various major human diseases, including cancer, and so their assessment is crucial. Historically, most methods have been able to only measure one or a few DNA modifications at a time, limiting the information available. With the development of DNA adductomics, which aims to determine the totality of DNA modifications, a far more comprehensive picture of the DNA adduct burden can be gained. Importantly, DNA adductomics can facilitate a "top-down" investigative approach whereby patterns of adducts may be used to trace and identify the originating exposure source. This, together with other 'omic approaches, represents a major tool for unraveling the complexities of the exposome and hence allow a better a understanding of the environmental origins of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Möller
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Jazmine Virzi
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Yuan-Jhe Chang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Alexandra Keidel
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Mu-Rong Chao
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wen Hu
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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8
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Evenden P, Vandoolaeghe Q, Lecluse Y, Gac AC, Delépée R, Weiswald LB, Boutet-Robinet E, Boulanger M, Bonassi S, Lebailly P, Meryet-Figuière M. Agricultural exposures and DNA damage in PBMC of female farmers measured using the alkaline comet assay. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:353-363. [PMID: 38430240 PMCID: PMC10999382 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies investigated the link between agricultural occupational exposures and DNA damage, in an attempt to bring elements of biological plausibility to the increased cancer risk associated with them. However, only a few of these studies focused on females. METHODS The comet assay was performed on PBMC (Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells) samples from 245 females working in open field farming and cattle raising, located in the Normandy area of France. Individual questionnaires on tasks performed were administered at the time of sampling to directly assess exposures. Environmental exposures were issued from a questionnaire assessing the farm productions. Linear regression analyses were done using the DNA damage scores. RESULTS Regarding direct exposures, several tasks associated with exposure to potentially harmful chemicals were not associated with DNA damage, but a longer duration of use of herbicide on meadows (p = 0.05) or of cleaning and upkeep of agricultural equipment (p = 0.06) revealed higher DNA damage levels, although the number of exposed women was low. Several indirect and/or environmental exposures were associated with DNA damage in multivariate analyses: a larger surface of meadows (p = 0.006) or the presence of poultry (p = 0.03) was associated with less DNA damage, while the presence of swine (p = 0.01) was associated with higher DNA damage. Smokers and former smokers had less DNA damage than non-smokers (p = 0.0008 and p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS We report modified levels of DNA damage for those environmentally exposed to meadows, poultry and pig farming, underlining the need for a better knowledge of the potential health risks experienced by females in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Evenden
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Q Vandoolaeghe
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Y Lecluse
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - A C Gac
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - R Delépée
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - L B Weiswald
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - E Boutet-Robinet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M Boulanger
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - S Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - P Lebailly
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - M Meryet-Figuière
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France.
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Burgos-Núñez S, Calao-Ramos C, Hernández SN, Enamorado-Montes G, Urango-Cárdenas I, Navarro-Frómeta A, Paternina-Uribe R, Marrugo-Negrete JL. Genetic damage among children living in agricultural areas in the North of Colombia. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20221111. [PMID: 38808810 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420221111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of pesticides has increased considerably for pest control and to improve agricultural production. The rural areas of several municipalities of department of Cordoba, north of Colombia, are highly dependent on agriculture. In this study, a questionnaire and field observations about pesticide use and genotoxic damage through the comet assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes of children who live near crop fields was evaluated. Damage Index for Comet Assay (DICA) of five children populations exposed to pesticides (mean of 94.73±53.95 for the municipality of Monteria, the higher damage in this study) were significantly Higher than control children population (mean of 7.56±7.39). Results showed the damage index in children exposed group was higher than in the control group. An inadequate management of pesticides, as well as incorrect disposal of toxic wastes was observed in the study zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saudith Burgos-Núñez
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
| | - Clelia Calao-Ramos
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bacteriología, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
| | - Sibila N Hernández
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
| | - Germán Enamorado-Montes
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
| | - Iván Urango-Cárdenas
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
| | - Amado Navarro-Frómeta
- Universidad Tecnológica Izúcar Matamoros, Departamento de Tecnología Ambiental y Alimentos, Prolongación Reforma 166, Barrio Santiago Mihuacán Código Postal 74420 Izúcar de Matamoros, México
| | - Roberth Paternina-Uribe
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Regencia y Farmacia, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
| | - José Luis Marrugo-Negrete
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química, Carrera 6 # 77, 305, Código Postal 230002 Montería, Colombia
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10
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Alves-Ferreira J, Vara MG, Catarino A, Martins I, Mourinha C, Fabião M, Costa MJ, Barbieri MV, de Alda ML, Palma P. Pesticide water variability and prioritization: The first steps towards improving water management strategies in irrigation hydro-agriculture areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170304. [PMID: 38278229 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The presence of pesticides in aquatic ecosystems poses significant risks to non-target organisms, necessitating monitoring and environmental risk assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics and environmental risk of pesticides in a hydro-agricultural area with intensive agricultural practices, in the Mediterranean region (South of Portugal). Seasonality and location influenced pesticide numbers and concentrations, with the highest levels observed during the dry season. Triazines, phenylureas, and organophosphates were the predominant pesticide classes, with terbuthylazine, bentazone, terbutryn, diazinon, and metolachlor exhibiting the highest detection frequencies (68 % to 72 %). Notably, 44 % of the quantified pesticides are no longer authorized in Portugal, with 33 % posing a high environmental risk. Some insecticides, including imidacloprid, methiocarb, and malathion, were occasionally detected at concentrations that posed high risks to the aquatic ecosystem (RQ ≥ 1). Irgarol, an algicide used in irrigation canals, presented a high risk in 91 % of the analysed samples. The study's distribution profile of pesticides revealed a significant transportation of these compounds from reservoirs to irrigation hydrants, establishing them as a secondary source of crop and environmental contamination. Additionally, the assessment of spatial distribution and environmental risk allowed for the identification of specific pollutants in different locations, prioritizing them based on their ecotoxicological risk to aquatic ecosystems. These findings reinforce the importance of implementing management measures at the level of hydro-agricultural areas, helping to stop the cycle of pesticide contamination. Only this type of strategy will make it possible to protect water quality, biodiversity and the health of citizens, contributing to the European Union's objectives of improving the condition of freshwater bodies and promoting the sustainable use of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júnia Alves-Ferreira
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Manuel García Vara
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 080834 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Catarino
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Inês Martins
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Clarisse Mourinha
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Marta Fabião
- Centro Operativo e de Tecnologia de Regadio (COTR), Quinta da Saúde, Apartado 354, 7801-904 Beja, Portugal
| | - Maria João Costa
- Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; Departamento de Física, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, and Earth Remote Sensing Laboratory - EaRSLab, Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria Vittoria Barbieri
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 080834 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Lopez de Alda
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 080834 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrícia Palma
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; GeoBioTec, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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11
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Guedes Pinto T, da Silva GN, Renno ACM, Salvadori DMF, Ribeiro DA. The impact of genetic polymorphisms on genotoxicity in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides: a systematic review. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:237-244. [PMID: 37982319 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2280806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
In a world with a rising use of pesticides, these chemicals, although designed to effectively control pests, pose potential threats to the environment and non-target organisms, including humans. Thus, this systematic review aims to investigate a possible association between genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility and genotoxicity in individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides. This review was conducted following the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. A total of 14 carefully selected studies were thoroughly analyzed by two reviewers, who assigned scores based on previously set evaluation criteria. This study classified over half of the chosen studies as having moderate or strong quality, observing a correlation between certain genetic polymorphisms involved in xenobiotic metabolism and genotoxicity in workers exposed to pesticides. Results suggest that the genes associated with xenobiotic metabolism play a substantial role in determining individuals' susceptibility to genomic damage due to pesticide exposure, affecting both their peripheral blood and oral mucosa. This implies that individuals with specific genotypes may experience increased or decreased levels of DNA damage when exposed to these chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Guedes Pinto
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, UFOP, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Muniz Renno
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
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12
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Kaur K, Kaur R. Polymorphisms in ERCC1, ERCC4 and ERCC5 genes as biomarkers of susceptibility for pesticide-induced DNA damage in North-West Indian agricultural workers. Biomarkers 2023; 28:672-679. [PMID: 37962435 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2284109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational pesticides exposure has raised health concerns due to genotoxicity and accumulation of DNA damage. Polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) may affect the individual's susceptibility to pesticide toxicity. METHODS This study evaluates the association of excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1) (8092 C > A, 3'UTR, rs3212986) and ERCC1 (19007 C > T, Asn118Asn, rs11615), ERCC4 (1244 G > A, Arg415Gln, rs1800067) and ERCC5 (3507 G > C, Asp1104His, rs17655) polymorphisms with pesticide-induced DNA damage in North-West Indian agricultural workers. The study population comprised 225 agricultural workers exposed to pesticides and 225 non-exposed controls. RESULTS Our study demonstrate that exposed workers carrying variant ERCC1 8092AA genotype showed higher total comet DNA migration (p = 0.015) as well as increased frequency of cells showing DNA migration (p = 0.027). Exposed agricultural workers with variant ERCC4 1244AA (415Gln/Gln) and ERCC5 3507CC (1104His/His) genotypes exhibited elevation in total comet DNA migration (p < 0.01). However, genotypes of ERCC1 19007 C > T (Asn118Asn) showed no association with total comet DNA migration (p = 0.963), frequency of cells showing DNA migration (p = 0.423) as well as mean tail length (p = 0.432). CONCLUSION ERCC1, ERCC4 and ERCC5 polymorphisms influence DNA damage and can be used as biomarkers of susceptibility for pesticide-induced DNA damage in North-West Indian agricultural workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karashdeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
- Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL) of Government Medical College, Patiala, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, India
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13
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Dugan ST, Muhammetoglu A, Uslu A. A combined approach for the estimation of groundwater leaching potential and environmental impacts of pesticides for agricultural lands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165892. [PMID: 37524174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide pollution can degrade the quality of land, water, and air, and imposes risks on people, flora and fauna. Pesticides are frequently chosen based on their agricultural effectiveness and cost, rather than their potential environmental impacts. The aim of this study is to present a combined approach to estimate the leaching potential and environmental impacts of pesticides for agricultural lands. The pilot study area (PSA) is the agricultural plain of the Lower Aksu Stream Basin in Antalya - Turkey. The groundwater of the agricultural plain contributes to around half of the flow rate of the stream. The first phase of the combined approach involved pesticide monitoring to screen the target pesticides, the second phase involved evaluating the physicochemical properties of the target pesticides and estimating their leaching potential using several indices, and the third phase involved environmental impact analysis of the target pesticides using the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) risk indicator. Additionally, Principal Component Analysis was conducted to examine the correlations between physicochemical parameters of pesticides and the leaching potential index results. By the application of the combined approach, 45 target pesticides were identified for the PSA and the indices were consistent to estimate similar leaching potentials for the same pesticides. Moreover, the computed EIQ-Field Use Rates provided valuable information to rank target pesticides according to their environmental impacts on consumer, farmworker and ecology. The applied methodology provided a practical approach to select pesticides with the least leaching potential and environmental impacts to protect water quality and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Secil Tuzun Dugan
- Mediterranean Fisheries Research Production and Training Institute, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ayse Muhammetoglu
- Akdeniz University, Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Aysenur Uslu
- Akdeniz University, Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Antalya, Turkey
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14
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Hernández-Del Castillo PC, Robledo-Trujillo G, Rodríguez-González V. Development of a visible-light-active-NiTiO 3 coating for the efficient removal of the persistent herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) from drinking water. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139628. [PMID: 37524267 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present research work, the photocatalytic evaluation of NiTiO3 nanoparticles immobilized on glass plates by the spin-coating procedure was carried out in the degradation of the recalcitrant herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM). The concentrations of Ni employed to synthesize NiTiO3 nanoparticles were 1 wt% (1TESNi) and 2 wt% (2TESNi). The stability of coatings was evaluated by several washings and thermal treatments, which were verified by UV-vis analyses. The morphology of the coatings was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS). The coatings displayed thickness values of 1.35 and 2.56 μm for TiO2 and 1TESNi, respectively. The crystalline phases of the coatings were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirming the presence of NiTiO3 and other phases related to TiO2. The bandgap of 1TESNi, compared with the bare TiO2, was reduced from 2.96 to 2.40 eV as a consequence of Ni addition. The TiO2, 1TESNi and 2TESNi coatings were evaluated in the photodegradation of BAM using visible-light for 240 min. The highest effectiveness was displayed by the 1TESNi coating, obtaining degradation of 92.56% after 240 min. Also, the photocatalytic efficiency of the 1TESNi coating was only reduced 1.99% after 3 reuse cycles in the BAM degradation. The scavenger tests revealed that the main oxidizing species involved in the reaction were the •OH- and •O2- radicals. The 1TESNi coating showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency because of its absorption in the visible-light region, valuable surface area and electronic charge separation. Thus, these advantageous features guarantee that NiTiO3 coatings are an efficient method for degrading recalcitrant herbicides from drinking water using a practical way to recover and reuse photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Hernández-Del Castillo
- División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - G Robledo-Trujillo
- División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - V Rodríguez-González
- División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
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15
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Ruiz-Ruiz B, Torres-Bugarin O, Zúñiga-Violante E, Casillas-Figueroa F, Luna-Vázquez-Gómez R, Campos Gallegos V, Ruiz-Arellano AE, Arellano-García ME. Genomic Instability and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Two Communities Exposed to Pesticides in the Mexicali Valley by the L-CBMN Assay. TOXICS 2023; 11:807. [PMID: 37888658 PMCID: PMC10611012 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The continuous biomonitoring of a population directly or indirectly exposed to pesticides could be an additional tool for decision makers to improve their health conditions. In this work, we performed biomonitoring on two groups of people from the Mexicali Valley who were continuously exposed to pesticides using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay (L-CBMN) to evaluate cytotoxic and genotoxic damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The study groups comprised 14 indigenous Cucapah with non-vegetarian habits (NV group) from Ejido el Mayor (32.12594°, -115.27265°) and 21 lacto-ovo vegetarian (LOV) persons from the Seventh-day Adventist Church of Ejido Vicente Guerrero (32.3961°, -115.14023°). The L-CBMN assay determines the nuclear division index (NDI), apoptosis, necrosis, micronuclei (MNs), nuclear buds (NBUDs), and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs). Our results show that, regardless of diet or daily habits, both the studied groups presented with cytogenotoxic damage compared with non-exposed pesticide individuals, without modifications to the nuclear division index. In the rest of the evaluated biomarkers, the NV group exhibited greater cytotoxic and genotoxic damage than the LOV group. Nevertheless, individuals practicing a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet (LOV) showed lower damage than those with non-vegetarian habits (NV), suggesting a better antioxidant response that helps decrease the genotoxic damage due to the enhanced intake of folates and antioxidants from a plant-based diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balam Ruiz-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico; (B.R.-R.); (E.Z.-V.); (F.C.-F.); (R.L.-V.-G.); (V.C.G.)
| | - Olivia Torres-Bugarin
- Laboratorio de Evaluación de Genotóxicos, Medicina Interna II, Facultad de Medicina, Decanato de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erika Zúñiga-Violante
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico; (B.R.-R.); (E.Z.-V.); (F.C.-F.); (R.L.-V.-G.); (V.C.G.)
| | - Francisco Casillas-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico; (B.R.-R.); (E.Z.-V.); (F.C.-F.); (R.L.-V.-G.); (V.C.G.)
| | - Roberto Luna-Vázquez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico; (B.R.-R.); (E.Z.-V.); (F.C.-F.); (R.L.-V.-G.); (V.C.G.)
| | - Verónica Campos Gallegos
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico; (B.R.-R.); (E.Z.-V.); (F.C.-F.); (R.L.-V.-G.); (V.C.G.)
| | - Ana Erika Ruiz-Arellano
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico;
| | - María Evarista Arellano-García
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico; (B.R.-R.); (E.Z.-V.); (F.C.-F.); (R.L.-V.-G.); (V.C.G.)
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16
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Paganotto Leandro L, Vitória Takemura Mariano M, Kich Gomes K, Beatriz Dos Santos A, Sousa Dos Anjos J, Rodrigues de Carvalho N, Eugênio Medina Nunes M, Farina M, Posser T, Luis Franco J. Permissible concentration of mancozeb in Brazilian drinking water elicits oxidative stress and bioenergetic impairments in embryonic zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122013. [PMID: 37369298 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mancozeb (MZ) is widely used as a fungicide in Brazil due to its effectiveness in combating fungal infections in plantations. However, its toxicity to non-target organisms, including aquatic organisms, has been reported in the literature. Recently, Brazilian legislation was updated to allow a concentration of 8 μg/L of MZ in drinking water (Ordinance GM/MS nº 888, of May 4, 2021). However, the safety of this concentration for aquatic organisms has not yet been put to the test. To address this gap, we conducted a study using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos at 4 hpf exposed to MZ at the concentration allowed by law, as well as slightly higher sublethal concentrations (24, 72, and 180 μg/L), alongside a control group. We evaluated various morphophysiological markers of toxicity, including survival, spontaneous movements, heart rate, hatching rate, body axis distortion, total body length, total yolk sac area, and total eye area. Additionally, we measured biochemical biomarkers such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, lipid peroxidation, non-protein thiols (NPSH), and mitochondrial bioenergetic parameters. Our results showed that the concentration of 8 μg/L, currently permitted in drinking water according to Brazilian legislation, increased ROS production levels and caused alterations in mitochondrial physiology. Among the markers assessed, mitochondrial bioenergetic function appeared to be the most sensitive indicator of MZ embryotoxicity, as a decrease in complex I activity was observed at concentrations of 8 and 180 μg/L. Furthermore, concentrations higher than 8 μg/L impaired morphophysiological markers. Based on these findings, we can infer that the concentration of MZ allowed in drinking water by Brazilian environmental legislation is not safe for aquatic organisms. Our study provides evidence that this fungicide is a potent embryotoxic agent, highlighting the potential risks associated with its exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Paganotto Leandro
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry. Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Vitória Takemura Mariano
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil
| | - Karen Kich Gomes
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Dos Santos
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil
| | - Jaciana Sousa Dos Anjos
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Eugênio Medina Nunes
- Department of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism. Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, 1500 Sena Madureira St, São Paulo, SP, 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Thais Posser
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Luis Franco
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research - CIPBIOTEC, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, 97307-020, Brazil.
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17
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da Silva RGS, Ferreira MO, Komori IMS, Oliveira HRM, Machado MG, Orrutea JFG, Alves FM, dos Santos Jaques H, da Silva JC, de Souza JA, Rech D, Panis C. Brief research report pesticide occupational exposure leads to significant inflammatory changes in normal mammary breast tissue. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1229422. [PMID: 37780419 PMCID: PMC10538633 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1229422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have documented the high occurrence of several tumors, including female breast cancer, in populations occupationally exposed to pesticides worldwide. It is believed that in addition to direct DNA damage, other molecular alterations that indicate genomic instability are associated, such as epigenetic modifications and the production of inflammation mediators. The present study characterized the profile of inflammatory changes in the breast tissue of women without cancer occupationally exposed to pesticides. In samples of normal breast tissue collected during biopsy and evaluated as negative for cancer by a pathologist, oxidative stress levels were assessed as inflammatory markers through measurements of lipoperoxides and total antioxidant capacity of the sample (TRAP) by high-sensitivity chemiluminescence, as well as levels of nitric oxide (NOx) metabolites. The levels of inflammation-modulating transcription factors PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) were also quantified, in addition to the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 12 (IL-12). The levels of lipoperoxides, TRAP, and NOx were significantly lower in the exposed group. On the other hand, PPAR-γ levels were increased in the breast tissue of exposed women, with no variation in NF-κB. There was also a rise of TNF-α in exposed women samples without significant variations in IL-12 levels. These findings suggest an inflammatory signature of the breast tissue associated with pesticide exposure, which may trigger mechanisms related to mutations and breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariane Okamoto Ferreira
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabella Mitsu Suo Komori
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Murilo Galvani Machado
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Hellen dos Santos Jaques
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Janaína Carla da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Janoário Athanazio de Souza
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
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18
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Hernández-Toledano DS, Vega L. Methylated dialkylphosphate metabolites of the organophosphate pesticide malathion modify actin cytoskeleton arrangement and cell migration via activation of Rho GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110593. [PMID: 37270087 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The non-cholinergic molecular targets of organophosphate (OP) compounds have recently been investigated to explain their role in the generation of non-neurological diseases, such as immunotoxicity and cancer. Here, we evaluated the effects of malathion and its dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites on the cytoskeleton components and organization of RAW264.7 murine macrophages as non-cholinergic targets of OP and DAPs toxicity. All OP compounds affected actin and tubulin polymerization. Malathion, dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP) dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), and dimethylphosphate (DMP) induced elongated morphologies and the formation of pseudopods rich in microtubule structures, and increased filopodia formation and general actin disorganization in RAW264.7 cells and slightly reduced stress fibers in the human fibroblasts GM03440, without significantly disrupting the tubulin or vimentin cytoskeleton. Exposure to DMTP and DMP increased cell migration in the wound healing assay but did not affect phagocytosis, indicating a very specific modification in the organization of the cytoskeleton. The induction of actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell migration suggested the activation of cytoskeletal regulators such as small GTPases. We found that DMP slightly reduced Ras homolog family member A activity but increased the activities of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and cell division control protein 42 (Cdc42) from 5 min to 2 h of exposure. Chemical inhibition of Rac1 with NSC23766 reduced cell polarization and treatment with DMP enhanced cell migration, but Cdc42 inhibition by ML-141 completely inhibited the effects of DMP. These results suggest that methylated OP compounds, especially DMP, can modify macrophage cytoskeleton function and configuration via activation of Cdc42, which may represent a potential non-cholinergic molecular target for OP compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sebastián Hernández-Toledano
- Department of Toxicology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico. Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Libia Vega
- Department of Toxicology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico. Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Sherif M, Makame KR, Östlundh L, Paulo MS, Nemmar A, Ali BR, Al-Rifai RH, Nagy K, Ádám B. Genotoxicity of Occupational Pesticide Exposures among Agricultural Workers in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TOXICS 2023; 11:663. [PMID: 37624167 PMCID: PMC10458041 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides in Arab countries is a significant public health concern due to extensive agricultural activity and pesticide use. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effects of agricultural pesticide exposure in the region, identify research gaps, and assess methodological limitations. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search yielded five relevant studies conducted in Egypt, Syria, and Jordan. Various genotoxicity assays were employed, revealing a higher level of DNA damage in exposed compared to non-exposed individuals. Farmers exposed to pesticides exhibited a significantly higher occurrence of chromosomal translocation (t(14;18)), micronuclei, and chromosomal aberrations. However, only two studies assessed cytotoxicity indirectly. The studies predominantly focused on male participants, with variations in sample size and pesticide types. The lack of detailed exposure data necessitates cautious interpretation. This review underscores the need for further research on the genotoxicity of occupational pesticide exposure in the Middle East. Future studies should adopt robust study designs, collect biological and environmental samples, conduct repeated sampling, analyze seasonal variations, and encompass diverse study sites associated with specific crop groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Sherif
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.); (R.H.A.-R.)
| | - Khadija Ramadhan Makame
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Linda Östlundh
- University Library, Örebro University, SE-702 81 Örebro, Sweden;
| | - Marilia Silva Paulo
- IPH, CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Bassam R. Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Rami H. Al-Rifai
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.); (R.H.A.-R.)
| | - Károly Nagy
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Balázs Ádám
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.); (R.H.A.-R.)
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20
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Yu P, Qin K, Niu G, Gu M. Alleviate environmental concerns with biochar as a container substrate: a review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1176646. [PMID: 37575924 PMCID: PMC10415017 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1176646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Peat moss has desirable properties as a container substrate, however, harvesting it from peatland for greenhouse/nursery production use has disturbed peatland ecosystem and caused numerous environmental concerns. More recently, many nations have taken actions to reduce or ban peat moss production to reach the carbon neutral goal and address the environmental concerns. Also, the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides with peat moss in greenhouse/nursery production adds extra environmental and economic issues. Thus, it is urgent to find a peat moss replacement as a container substrate for greenhouse/nursery production. Biochar, a carbon-rich material with porous structure produced by the thermo-chemical decomposition of biomass in an oxygen-limited or oxygen-depleted atmosphere, has drawn researchers' attention for the past two decades. Using biochar to replace peat moss as a container substrate for greenhouse/nursery production could provide environmental and economic benefits. Biochar could be derived from various feedstocks that are regenerated faster than peat moss, and biochar possesses price advantages over peat moss when local feedstock is available. Certain types of biochar can provide nutrients, accelerate nutrient adsorption, and suppress certain pathogens, which end up with reduced fertilizer and pesticide usage and leaching. However, among the 36,474 publications on biochar, 1,457 focused on using biochar as a container substrate, and only 68 were used to replace peat moss as a container substrate component. This study provides a review for the environmental and economic concerns associated with peat moss and discussed using biochar as a peat moss alternative to alleviate these concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yu
- Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - Kuan Qin
- Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - Genhua Niu
- AgriLife Research Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Mengmeng Gu
- Department of Horticulture and Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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21
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Sánchez-Alarcón J, Milić M, Bonassi S, Gómez-Arroyo S, Cortés-Eslava J, Flores-Márquez AR, Valencia-Sánchez RA, Valencia-Quintana R. Occupational exposure to pesticides: DNA damage in horticulturist from Nativitas, Tlaxcala in Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104141. [PMID: 37146670 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mexico is a country where agricultural activity is of great importance, but biomonitoring data are still scarce. With more intensive pesticides use per unit area/surface in horticultural productivity, there is a higher impact on environmental contamination and workers' health. Considering that exposure to various pesticide and pesticide mixtures represents an additional genotoxic risk, the appropriate characterization of exposure, confounding factors and the risk itself are very much needed. We compared genetic damage in 42 horticulturists and 46 unexposed controls (Nativitas, Tlaxcala) using alkaline comet (whole blood) and micronucleus (MN) test with nuclear abnormalities (NA) (buccal epithelial cells). Workers demonstrated significantly higher levels of damage (TI%=14.02 ± 2.49 vs. 5.37 ± 0.46; MN=10.14 ± 5.15 vs. 2.40 ± 0.20), with more than 90% of them not using protective clothing nor gloves during application. Combined DNA damage techniques and periodic monitoring together with educational programs for safe pesticide application is the best strategy to assess and prevent workers' health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Sánchez-Alarcón
- Laboratorio "Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini" de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy; Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Josefina Cortés-Eslava
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ana Rosa Flores-Márquez
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Valencia-Quintana
- Laboratorio "Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini" de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico.
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22
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Paz-Trejo C, Flores-Márquez AR, Gómez-Arroyo S. Nanotechnology in agriculture: a review of genotoxic studies of nanopesticides in animal cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:66473-66485. [PMID: 37115444 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture has been and still is one of the most influential primary operations in economic history worldwide. Its social, cultural, and political impact allows the progression and survival of humanity. Sustaining the supply of primary resources is crucial for the future. Therefore, the development of new technologies applied to agrochemicals is growing to obtain better food quality faster. Recently, nanotechnology has gained strength in this field in the last decade, mainly because of the presumed benefits that will carry with it compared with the current commercial presentations, like the decrease of risk in non-target organisms. The harm of pesticides is commonly associated with unwanted effects on human health, some with long-term genotoxic effects. Therefore, it would be relevant to set the existence of a risk or a benefit of the nanopesticides from a genotoxic point of view, comparing against those without this technology. Although some studies are concerned with its genotoxicity in live aquatic organisms, few focus on human in vitro models. Several studies conclude that some of them can induce oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage or cell death. However, there is still much to investigate to establish an accurate and complete assessment. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the genotoxic effect caused by nanopesticides in animal cells and a guide to the evolution of this topic, offering a base and critical review to facilitate future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Paz-Trejo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México
| | - Ana Rosa Flores-Márquez
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México.
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23
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Xiao M, Xu N, He A, Yu Z, Chen B, Jin B, Jiang L, Yi C. A smartphone-based fluorospectrophotometer and ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe for on-site quantitation of pesticide residue. iScience 2023; 26:106553. [PMID: 37123231 PMCID: PMC10139973 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cost-effective and user-friendly quantitation at points-of-need plays an important role in food safety inspection, environmental monitoring, and biomedical analysis. This study reports a stand-alone smartphone-based fluorospectrophotometer (the SBS) installed with a custom-designed application (the SBS-App) for on-site quantitation of pesticide using a ratiometric sensing scheme. The SBS can collect fluorescence emission spectra in the wavelength range of 380-760 nm within 5 s. A ratiometric fluorescence probe is facilely prepared by directly mixing the blue-emissive carbon nanodots (the Fe3+-specific fluorometric indicator) and red-emissive quantum dots (the internal standard) at a ratio of 11.6 (w/w). Based on the acetylcholinesterase/choline oxidase dual enzyme-mediated cascade catalytic reactions of Fe2+/Fe3+ transformation, a ratiometric fluorescence sensing scheme is developed. The practicability of the SBS is validated by on-site quantitation of chlorpyrifos in apple and cabbage with a comparable accuracy to the GC-MS method, offering a scalable solution to establish a cost-effective surveillance system for pesticide pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Ningxia Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Aitong He
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zipei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Baohui Jin
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Center, Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Lelun Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Changqing Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
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24
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Sandoval-Herrera N, Castillo JP, Ching MEA, Herrera M LG, Faure PA, Welch K. Non-destructive methods to assess pesticide exposure in free-living bats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:162011. [PMID: 36737017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bat populations are dwindling worldwide due to anthropogenic activities like agriculture, however the role that pesticide exposure plays on these declines is unclear. To address these research gaps, we first need to develop reliable methods to detect and monitor exposure to environmental pollutants and its effects on free-living bats. The use of biomarkers is a sensitive and informative tool to study sublethal effects in wildlife, however it requires laboratory validation and integrative approaches to be applicable to free-living species. In this study, we propose a set of non-destructive biomarkers to evaluate pesticide exposure in free-ranging bats and validated their suitability with dose-exposure experiments in captivity. We selected three biomarkers that have been widely used in vertebrate ecotoxicology and that combined represent sensitive, specific, and ecologically relevant responses to pollutants: DNA damage, AChE activity, and leukocyte profiles. We used two insectivorous bat species as model species Eptesicus fuscus (laboratory) and Pteronotus mexicanus (field). We found that micronuclei frequency (genotoxicity) and AChE activity (exposure and neurotoxicity) were robust indicators of toxicant exposure. The validity of this set of endpoints was supported by their consistent performance in laboratory and field experiments as well as by the significant correlation among them. Leukocyte profile (systemic stress) results were not consistent between laboratory and field studies, suggesting further evaluation of its suitability is needed. Integrative approaches, like the one we used here, maximize the insights about toxicant effects by combining the information of single biomarkers into more meaningful inferences, which can be applied to environmental risk assessments in wildlife. Furthermore, the use of non-destructive, cost-effective biomarkers is imperative when assessing toxicant exposure and effects in vulnerable wildlife and it should be a priority in the field of wildlife toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sandoval-Herrera
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jesusa Paz Castillo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ma Enrica Angela Ching
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Gerardo Herrera M
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Paul A Faure
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Welch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Feki A, Kammoun I, Eleroui M, Kallel R, Megdiche F, Hariz L, Boudawara T, Kallel C, Kallel H, Pujo JM, Ben Amara I. Bioactivity of Falkenbergia rufolanosa Methanolic Extract: Assessment of Its Effect on Methyl-Thiophanate Induced Bone and Blood Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040529. [PMID: 37111286 PMCID: PMC10145447 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of a mineral and antioxidant-rich methanolic extract of the red marine alga Falkenbergia rufolanosa (FRE) against methyl-thiophanate (MT)-induced toxicity in adult rats. The animals were allocated into four groups: controls, MT (300 mg/kg), MT + FRE, and FRE-treated group for 7 days. Our results demonstrated severe mineral perturbations due to MT treatment, especially in calcium and phosphorus levels in plasma, urine, and bone. Similarly, the hematological analysis revealed increased red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells associated with striking genotoxicity. Interestingly, a significant rise in lipid peroxidation and advanced oxidation protein products level in erythrocytes and bone were noted. Meanwhile, a depletion of the antioxidant status in both tissues occurred. These biochemical alterations were in harmony with DNA degradation and histological variation in bone and blood. In the other trend, data showed that treatment with alga improved MT-induced hematotoxicity, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress in the blood and bone. Osteo-mineral metabolism and bone histo-architecture were also noted. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that the red alga Falkenbergia rufolanosa is a potent source of antioxidant and antibacterial agents, as revealed by the in vitro analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Feki
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, University of Sfax, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Intissar Kammoun
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, University of Sfax, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Malek Eleroui
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, University of Sfax, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Rim Kallel
- Laboratory of Anatomopathology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Megdiche
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Liwa Hariz
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, Department of Orthopedic and Traumatological Surgery, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Tahia Boudawara
- Laboratory of Anatomopathology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Choumous Kallel
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Kallel
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, University of Guyane, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
| | - Jean Marc Pujo
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, University of Guyane, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
- Emergency Department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
| | - Ibtissem Ben Amara
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, University of Sfax, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
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26
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Dwivedi N, Mahdi AA, Deo S. Assessment of endocrine disrupting chemicals in breast milk: Association with dietary habits and duration of lactation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115216. [PMID: 36608766 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess infant safety associated with the presence of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in breast milk, a possible route of transfer of endocrine-disrupting chemicals to newborns in North India. Colostrum and breast milk samples (n = 130) were collected at different stages of lactation. Pesticides analysis was performed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We observed that of all the samples analysed, OCPs concentration was higher in breast milk than in colostrum, suggesting pesticides contamination increases over lactation period. As far as OCPs are concerned, dieldrin [1196.64 ± 673.75 ng/g lipid weight (lw)], and β-HCH [1107.78 ± 1301.72 ng/g lw], were the predominant OCPs, followed by aldrin [977.09 ± 707.69 ng/g lw], α-HCH [948.04 ± 476.65 ng/g lw] and 1,1'-(2,2-Dichloroethene-1,1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene) (p,p'DDE) [790.11 ± 399.35 ng/g lw]. The association between OCPs levels and women dietary habits were also explored, and all the OCPs were grouped and compared to each other by consumption level of fish, meat, sea foods, eggs, and dairy products. We found that women consuming non vegetarian food, like fish and meat, were exposed 3.5 times more to OCPs than women consuming vegetarian food. In addition, we also observed that factors like mother's age was positively (<0.005 - <0.001) correlated while gestational age and infant birth weight were negatively (<0.005) associated with the levels of OCPs in colostrum and breast milk, respectively. Unfortunately, neither any standards nor guidelines are available for the use of pesticides, therefore, it is suggested that careless use of OCPs should be checked and suitable remedial measures be taken to decrease human contamination. Moreover, further studies are warranted to elucidate relationship between pesticide residues in breast milk and the maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sujata Deo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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27
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Mitra D, Adhikari P, Djebaili R, Thathola P, Joshi K, Pellegrini M, Adeyemi NO, Khoshru B, Kaur K, Priyadarshini A, Senapati A, Del Gallo M, Das Mohapatra PK, Nayak AK, Shanmugam V, Panneerselvam P. Biosynthesis and characterization of nanoparticles, its advantages, various aspects and risk assessment to maintain the sustainable agriculture: Emerging technology in modern era science. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:103-120. [PMID: 36706690 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The current review aims to gain knowledge on the biosynthesis and characterization of nanoparticles (NPs), their multifactorial role, and emerging trends of NPs utilization in modern science, particularly in sustainable agriculture, for increased yield to solve the food problem in the coming era. However, it is well known that an environment-friendly resource is in excessive demand, and green chemistry is an advanced and rising resource in exploring eco-friendly processes. Plant extracts or other resources can be utilized to synthesize different types of NPS. Hence NPs can be synthesized by organic or inorganic molecules. Inorganic molecules are hydrophilic, biocompatible, and highly steady compared to organic types. NPs occur in numerous chemical conformations ranging from amphiphilic molecules to metal oxides, from artificial polymers to bulky biomolecules. NPs structures can be examined by different approaches, i.e., Raman spectroscopy, optical spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and solid-state NMR. Nano-agrochemical is a unification of nanotechnology and agro-chemicals, which has brought about the manufacture of nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, nano-herbicides, nano-insecticides, and nano-fungicides. NPs can also be utilized as an antimicrobial solution, but the mode of action for antibacterial NPs is poorly understood. Presently known mechanisms comprise the induction of oxidative stress, the release of metal ions, and non-oxidative stress. Multiple modes of action towards microbes would be needed in a similar bacterial cell for antibacterial resistance to develop. Finally, we visualize multidisciplinary cooperative methods will be essential to fill the information gap in nano-agrochemicals and drive toward the usage of green NPs in agriculture and plant science study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Mitra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj, 733 134, West Bengal, India; Crop Production Division, ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Priyanka Adhikari
- Centre for excellence on GMP extraction facility (DBT, Govt. of India), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101, Assam, India
| | - Rihab Djebaili
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Pooja Thathola
- G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Almora, 263643, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kuldeep Joshi
- G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Almora, 263643, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Marika Pellegrini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nurudeen O Adeyemi
- Department of Plant Physiology and Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Bahman Khoshru
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase- 10, Sector- 64, Mohali, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Ankita Priyadarshini
- Crop Production Division, ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Ansuman Senapati
- Crop Production Division, ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Maddalena Del Gallo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Amaresh Kumar Nayak
- Crop Production Division, ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Vijayakumar Shanmugam
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase- 10, Sector- 64, Mohali, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Periyasamy Panneerselvam
- Crop Production Division, ICAR - National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India.
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Valencia-Quintana R, Milić M, Bonassi S, Ochoa-Ocaña MA, Campos-Peña V, Tenorio-Arvide MG, Pérez-Flores GA, Sánchez-Alarcón J. Effect of Pesticide Exposure over DNA Damage in Farmers from Los Reyes, Michoacan in Mexico. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11020122. [PMID: 36850997 PMCID: PMC9966867 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the municipality of Los Reyes, Michoacán, in Mexico, several economic activities coexist; however, the most relevant is agriculture. It stands out as an agro-industrial center and commercial enclave in the region, suitable for the cultivation of sugar cane; however, currently fruit growing takes first place with blackberry, raspberry and blueberry, followed by avocado, peach, strawberry and other crops. A large quantity and variety of pesticides are applied to crops, consequently the population is at constant risk. This study aimed to evaluate whether pesticides are a factor in genetic damage to agricultural workers from Los Reyes, Michoacán, using alkaline comet assay. Fifty-nine residents participated (41 workers and 18 controls). Results included confounding factors (alcohol consumption, smoking habit, gender, age, BMI, etc.) indicated a non-significant statistical difference between two groups, with higher DNA damage values in workers that was higher than the values expected in a normal healthy unexposed population. It seems that the control measures, safe handling of pesticides and quality standards, required by the producers so that their products can be exported, have resulted in less damage, despite workers' activity, but higher damage than the reference values still requires regular surveillance of those exposed. The use of protective equipment or measures can reduce the risk of damage, so it is also necessary to promote their service and comply with labor regulations for agricultural workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Valencia-Quintana
- Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Rafaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Rafaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Victoria Campos-Peña
- Experimental Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermo Alejandro Pérez-Flores
- Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
| | - Juana Sánchez-Alarcón
- Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
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Pesticides and pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A transversal epidemiological, environmental and mechanistic narrative review. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:1605-1613. [PMID: 36089524 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) incidence is rising worldwide, especially in France. The evolution of known risk factors such as tobacco smoking, obesity, type 2 diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, or constitutional mutations is not sufficient to explain this trend. Pesticides are known risk factors in other malignancies. Previous studies have outlined pesticides' influence in PA, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane as plausible risk factors. The general population is directly or indirectly exposed to pesticides through air, food or water. Some of these chemicals may accumulate in the body all along lifetime and may harm carriers. The toxic mixing effects of these chemicals are not well documented. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain how pesticides can induce indirect (fatty pancreas, induced diabetes) or direct (oxidative stress, cell damage) carcinogenesis in pancreatic cells through inflammation. A strong corpus exists acknowledging pesticides as a PA risk factor. However, published studies do not provide a sufficient level of evidence to prove causality and current prospective case-control studies are still ongoing.
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Sharma A, Kaninathan A, Dahal S, Kumari S, Choudhary B, Raghavan SC. Exposure to endosulfan can cause long term effects on general biology, including the reproductive system of mice. Front Genet 2022; 13:1047746. [PMID: 36506329 PMCID: PMC9729358 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1047746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased infertility in humans is attributed to the increased use of environmental chemicals in the last several decades. Various studies have identified pesticides as one of the causes of reproductive toxicity. In a previous study, infertility was observed in male mice due to testicular atrophy and decreased sperm count when a sublethal dose of endosulfan (3 mg/kg) with a serum concentration of 23 μg/L was used. However, the serum concentration of endosulfan was much higher (up to 500 μg/L) in people living in endosulfan-exposed areas compared to the one used in the investigation. To mimic the situation in an experimental setup, mice were exposed to 5 mg/kg body weight of endosulfan, and reproductive toxicity and long-term impact on the general biology of animals were examined. HPLC analysis revealed a serum concentration of ∼50 μg/L of endosulfan after 24 h endosulfan exposure affected the normal physiology of mice. Histopathological studies suggest a persistent, severe effect on reproductive organs where vacuole degeneration of basal germinal epithelial cells and degradation of the interstitial matrix were observed in testes. Ovaries showed a reduction in the number of mature Graafian follicles. At the same time, mild vacuolation in liver hepatocytes and changes in the architecture of the lungs were observed. Endosulfan exposure induced DNA damage and mutations in germ cells at the molecular level. Interestingly, even after 8 months of endosulfan exposure, we observed increased DNA breaks in reproductive tissues. An increased DNA Ligase III expression was also observed, consistent with reported elevated levels of MMEJ-mediated repair. Further, we observed the generation of tumors in a few of the treated mice with time. Thus, the study not only explores the changes in the general biology of the mice upon exposure to endosulfan but also describes the molecular mechanism of its long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Sumedha Dahal
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Susmita Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
| | - Sathees C. Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India,*Correspondence: Sathees C. Raghavan,
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Khan S, Qayoom I, Balkhi MH, Abubakr A, Rashid S, Alsaffar RM, Rehman MU. Behavioural incongruities in juvenile Cyprinus carpio exposed to organophosphate compounds. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kou J, Li X, Zhang M, Wang L, Hu L, Liu X, Mei S, Xu G. Accumulative levels, temporal and spatial distribution of common chemical pollutants in the blood of Chinese adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119980. [PMID: 35985432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
China has been in a rapid development period in recent decades, the mass production and use of chemical industrial products and pesticides have resulted in a large amount of pollutants in the environment. These pollutants enter the human body through environmental exposure and dietary intake, causing adverse health effects. Although many of them have been banned and restricted in the production and use in China, these pollutants still remain in the human body due to their high persistence and strong bioaccumulation. In this review, we aim to reveal the accumulation levels and profiles, as well as the temporal and spatial distribution of common chemical pollutants including chlorinated paraffins (CPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers, organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), new halogenated flame retardants (NHFRs), polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalic acid esters, perfluorinated compounds, bisphenols, organophosphorus pesticides and pyrethroid insecticides in the blood (including whole blood, serum and plasma) of Chinese adults by extracting 93 related studies published from 1990 to 2021. Results have shown that CPs, OCPs and PAHs were the main pollutants in China, the levels of short-chain chlorinated paraffin, p,p'-DDE and phenanthrene in blood even reached 11,060.58, 740.41 and 498.28 ng/g lipid respectively. Under the strict control of pollutants in China, the levels of most pollutants have been on a downward trend except for perfluoro octanoate and perfluoro nonanoate. Besides, OPFRs, NHFRs and PAHs may have a potential upward trend, requiring further research and observation. As for spatial distribution, East China (Bohai Bay and Yangtze River Delta) and South China (Pearl River Delta) were the major polluted regions due to their fast development of industry and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Mingye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Limei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Liqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, China
| | - Surong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, China
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Macar O, Kalefetoğlu Macar T, Yalçin E, Çavuşoğlu K, Acar A. Molecular docking and spectral shift supported toxicity profile of metaldehyde mollucide and the toxicity-reducing effects of bitter melon extract. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105201. [PMID: 36127072 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive use of metaldehyde to combat mollusks directly or indirectly endangers non-targeted organisms. The present study aimed to reveal the antitoxic potential of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) extract (BME) against metaldehyde-related toxicity in Allium cepa L. The experimental groups formed using A. cepa bulbs were exposed to aqueous solutions containing 350 mg/L BME, 700 mg/L BME, 200 mg/L metaldehyde, 200 mg/L metaldehyde +350 mg/L BME and 200 mg/L metaldehyde +700 mg/L BME, respectively. The bulbs in the control group dipped in tap water. Metaldehyde suppressed growth with respect to germination ratio, root elongation and weight gain parameters. In metaldehyde-administered group, mitotic index (MI) was reduced, while the frequencies of micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) increased. Metaldehyde promoted CAs such as sticky chromosomes, vagrant chromosome, fragment, unequal distribution of chromatin, reverse polarization, bridge and multipolar anaphase in root tip meristem cells. Spectral shift and molecular docking confirmed the genotoxic effect of metaldehyde resulting from DNA-metaldehyde interaction. The DNA damage in root meristems was revealed using the Comet Assay. Metaldehyde stress provoked oxidative stress. Activities superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes along with level of malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation accelerated. In roots treated with metaldehyde, epidermis cell damage, flattened cell nucleus, cortex cell damage and cortex cell wall thickening were observed as meristematic cell damage. BME attenuated metaldehyde-induced toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. This study demonstrated the mitigative potential of plant derived BME with no-to-low side effects against hazardous chemicals including metaldehyde. Nature is the most valuable weapon against toxicity from pollutants. Therefore, the protective potential of BME against other harmful agents should be screened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksal Macar
- Şebinkarahisar School of Applied Sciences, Department of Food Technology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
| | - Tuğçe Kalefetoğlu Macar
- Şebinkarahisar School of Applied Sciences, Department of Food Technology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Emine Yalçin
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Ali Acar
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
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The effect of low doses of chlorpyrifos on blood and bone marrow cells in Wistar rats. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:223-232. [PMID: 36226822 PMCID: PMC9837532 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic potential of low doses of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on blood and bone marrow cells in adult male Wistar rats. CPF was administered by oral gavage at daily doses of 0.010, 0.015, and 0.160 mg/kg of body weight (bw) for 28 consecutive days. Positive control (PC) was administered 300 mg/kg bw/day of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) for the final three days of the experiment. Toxic outcomes of exposure were determined with the in vivo micronucleus (MN) assay and alkaline comet assay. The 28-day exposure to the 0.015 mg/kg CPF dose, which was three times higher than the current value of acute reference dose (ARfD), reduced body weight gain in rats the most. The in vivo MN assay showed significant differences in number of reticulocytes per 1000 erythrocytes between PC and negative control (NC) and between all control groups and the groups exposed to 0.015 and 0.160 mg/kg bw/day of CPF. The number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes per 2000 erythrocytes was significantly higher in the PC than the NC group or group exposed to 0.015 mg/kg bw/day of CPF. CPF treatment did not significantly increase primary DNA damage in bone marrow cells compared to the NC group. However, the damage in bone marrow cells of CPF-exposed rats was much higher than the one recorded in leukocytes, established in the previous research. Both assays proved to be successful for the assessment of CPFinduced genome instability in Wistar rats. However, the exact mechanisms of damage have to be further investigated and confirmed by other, more sensitive methods.
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Marzi Khosrowshahi E, Ghalkhani M, Afshar Mogaddam MR, Farajzadeh MA, Sohouli E, Nemati M. Evaluation of MXene as an adsorbent in dispersive solid phase extraction of several pesticides from fresh fruit juices prior to their determination by HPLC-MS/MS. Food Chem 2022; 386:132773. [PMID: 35344730 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to introduce a dispersive solid phase extraction method based on MXene nanoparticles as a novel sorbent for the simultaneous extraction and determination of twelve pesticides from fresh fruit juices. In the following, a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used for their determination in the samples. In this method, two-dimensional nanomaterials of Ti2AlC were exfoliated in an acidic solution and then they were added into the sample solution. To enhance the sample solution and sorbent contact area, the mixture was vortexed for a few minutes. Then the adsorbed analytes onto the sorbent were eluted using acetone and then analyzed. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curves of the method were linear within the range of 3.0-1000 µg L-1. The limits of detection, intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations, and extraction recoveries were in the ranges of 0.08-1.0 µg L-1, 2.5-4.2%, 2.5-5.5%, and 69-75%, respectively. Performing the method verified the presence of some of the analytes in several samples. This method can help to monitor pesticides in juice samples as well as to improve our understanding the safety of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masoumeh Ghalkhani
- Electrochemical Sensors Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Lavizan, P.O. Box 1678815811, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Engineering Faculty, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Esmail Sohouli
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahboob Nemati
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Scandolara TB, Valle SF, Esteves C, Scherer NDM, de Armas EM, Furtado C, Gomes R, Boroni M, Jaques HDS, Alves FM, Rech D, Panis C, Bonvicino CR. Somatic DNA Damage Response and Homologous Repair Gene Alterations and Its Association With Tumor Variant Burden in Breast Cancer Patients With Occupational Exposure to Pesticides. Front Oncol 2022; 12:904813. [PMID: 35875117 PMCID: PMC9305859 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination is a crucial pathway that is specialized in repairing double-strand breaks; thus, alterations in genes of this pathway may lead to loss of genomic stability and cell growth suppression. Pesticide exposure potentially increases cancer risk through several mechanisms, such as the genotoxicity caused by chronic exposure, leading to gene alteration. To analyze this hypothesis, we investigated if breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides present a different mutational pattern in genes related to homologous recombination (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and RAD51D) and damage-response (TP53) concerning unexposed patients. We performed multiplex PCR-based assays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of all coding regions and flanking splicing sites of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, and RAD51D in 158 unpaired tumor samples from breast cancer patients on MiSeq (Illumina) platform. We found that exposed patients had tumors with more pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants than unexposed patients (p = 0.017). In general, tumors that harbored a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant had a higher mutational burden (p < 0.001). We also observed that breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides had a higher mutational burden when diagnosed before 50 years old (p = 0.00978) and/or when carrying BRCA1 (p = 0.0138), BRCA2 (p = 0.0366), and/or PALB2 (p = 0.00058) variants, a result not found in the unexposed group. Our results show that pesticide exposure impacts the tumor mutational landscape and could be associated with the carcinogenesis process, therapy response, and disease progression. Further studies should increase the observation period in exposed patients to better evaluate the impact of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Basso Scandolara
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sara Ferreira Valle
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Esteves
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nicole de Miranda Scherer
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvismary Molina de Armas
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Informatics, Pontificia Universidade Católica (PUC)-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Furtado
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renan Gomes
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Boroni
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Dalberto D, Alves J, Garcia ALH, de Souza MR, Abella AP, Thiesen FV, Salvador M, Santos Branco CD, Marroni N, Bona S, Schemitt E, Da Silva FR, Da Silva J. Exposure in the tobacco fields: Genetic damage and oxidative stress in tobacco farmers occupationally exposed during harvest and grading seasons. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 878:503485. [PMID: 35649679 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural workers engaged in tobacco cultivation are constantly exposed to large amounts of harmful agents, such as pesticides and nicotine. Furthermore, most of the flue-cured tobacco leaves are manually graded exposing workers to agents such as tobacco-specific nitrosamines. This study aimed to evaluate genetic damage and oxidative stress in tobacco farmers occupationally exposed during the harvest and grading seasons. We obtained data on DNA damage detected in Comet assay in blood cells and micronucleus experiment with buccal cells from 241 individuals. The serum cotinine levels and nitrates were also evaluated. The Comet Assay results showed a showed an increased visual score for males and females during harvest time and tobacco grading. An increase of micronucleated and binucleated cells was observed in the grading group compared to the control and harvest groups. The oxidative stress measurements showed a clear increase of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in tobacco farmers during harvest time, and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) in individuals during harvest and grading time compared to the controls. Significant increases of the cotinine levels were observed during the harvest and grading period (harvest>grading), and nitrates for the grading period compared to the control. In this study, tobacco farmers presented compromised DNA integrity associated with enhanced oxidative stress levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Dalberto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jodel Alves
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Letícia Hilário Garcia
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGSDH, La Salle University (UniLaSalle), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Melissa Rosa de Souza
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica Pich Abella
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia V Thiesen
- Toxicology Institute, Catholic Pontificial University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul (UCS), RS, Brazil
| | | | - Norma Marroni
- PPG Biological Sciences - Physiology and PPG Medicine - Medical Sciences at UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Pneumological Sciences and Inflammation - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia Bona
- PPG Biological Sciences - Physiology and PPG Medicine - Medical Sciences at UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizangela Schemitt
- PPG Biological Sciences - Physiology and PPG Medicine - Medical Sciences at UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGSDH, La Salle University (UniLaSalle), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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38
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Karimi H, Mahdavi S, Asgari Lajayer B, Moghiseh E, Rajput VD, Minkina T, Astatkie T. Insights on the bioremediation technologies for pesticide-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1329-1354. [PMID: 34476637 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The fast pace of increasing human population has led to enhanced crop production, due to which a significant increase in the application of pesticides has been recorded worldwide. Following the enhancement in the utilization of pesticides, the degree of environmental pollution, particularly soil pollution, has increased. To address this challenge, different methods of controlling and eliminating such contaminants have been proposed. Various methods have been reported to eradicate or reduce the degree of contamination of pesticides in the soil. Several factors are crucial for soil contamination, including pH, temperature, the number, and type/nature of soil microorganisms. Among the accessible techniques, some of them respond better to contamination removal. One of these methods is bioremediation, and it is one of the ideal solutions for pollution reduction. In this innovative technique, microorganisms are utilized to decompose environmental pollutants or to curb pollution. This paper gives detailed insight into various strategies used for the reduction and removal of soil pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Karimi
- Environmental Science Department, Research Institute for Grapes and Raisin (RIGR), Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Shahriar Mahdavi
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Moghiseh
- Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | - Tess Astatkie
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
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Zúñiga-Venegas L, Pancetti FC. DNA damage in a Chilean population exposed to pesticides and its association with PON1 (Q192R and L55M) susceptibility biomarker. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2022; 63:215-226. [PMID: 35522182 DOI: 10.1002/em.22485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The active ingredients in pesticides are known to be genotoxic that can cause mutations, chromosomal aberrations, or other types of DNA damage. Early detection of genotoxicity reduces the risk of developing diseases such as cancer or suffering from reproductive disorders. In turn, the genotoxic risk depends on the intrinsic capability of the individual to metabolize and eliminate the xenobiotic from the organism. This study aimed to determine if two polymorphisms of paraoxonase-1 (PON1), which is involved in the metabolism of several organophosphate (OP) pesticides, are predictors of susceptibility to DNA damage in agricultural workers and inhabitants of rural areas chronically exposed to pesticides. A cross-sectional study was made considering three groups: agricultural workers (occupational exposure, OE, n = 85), rural inhabitants (environmental exposure, EE, n = 60), and an unexposed group conformed by people living far from agricultural areas (U, n = 33). The level of individual DNA damage was measured using the comet assay, and genotyping was done to determine the PON1 Q192R and L55M polymorphisms. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrilcholinesterase activities were also measured to determine exposure to OP. Individuals belonging to EE and OE groups displayed higher levels of DNA damage compared with U group (p < .001). OP exposure was the main predictor of genotoxicity (β = 16.19; 95% CI: 1.85, 30.52), instead of PON1 polymorphisms (β = -12.20; 95% CI: -27.87, 3.48). These results confirm the genotoxic effects of pesticide exposure and suggest that the catalytic efficiency of PON1 to metabolize OP pesticides becomes negligible in individuals with a history of long-term environmental or occupational exposure to these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Zúñiga-Venegas
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados Maule (CIEAM), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Neuropsicología y Neurociencias Cognitivas (CINPSI-Neurocog), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Biomédicas (LIB), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Floria C Pancetti
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología Ambiental, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas y otros Recursos Biológicos (CIDTA), Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
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Mandal S, Poi R, Hazra DK, Bhattacharyya S, Banerjee H, Karmakar R. Assessment of variable agroclimatic impact on dissipation kinetics of ready-mix fungicide formulation in green chili for harmonization of food safety. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Pesticide residues in vegetables produced in rural south-western Uganda. Food Chem 2022; 370:130972. [PMID: 34788944 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated seven pesticides in vegetables produced in rural South-western Uganda to determine their suitability for human consumption. Pesticide residue concentrations (ppm) were determined using QuEChERS method, LC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS and UV-Vis. Cypermethrin, dimethoate, metalaxyl, profenofos, malathion, dichlorvos and mancozeb concentrations detected in sprayed samples ranged between 0.00403 and 0.05350, 0.17478-62.60874, 0.12890-3.55681, 0.00107-0.59722, 0.03144-0.63328, 0.00240-0.34102 and 0.00001-0.00244, respectively. The residues exceeded MRLs in sprayed samples (59.52%), unsprayed samples (18%) and market samples (8%). The quality index of the market vegetables was found to be optimal (14.29%), good (75%), adequate (3.57%) and inadequate (14.29%). Pesticide residues may lower food quality and pose risk to human health. Therefore, regulation and monitoring pesticide residues in vegetables produced in south-western Uganda in order to avoid harmful effects on human health would be paramount.
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42
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Shuliakevich A, Muz M, Oehlmann J, Nagengast L, Schröder K, Wolf Y, Brückner I, Massei R, Brack W, Hollert H, Schiwy S. Assessing the genotoxic potential of freshwater sediments after extensive rain events - Lessons learned from a case study in an effluent-dominated river in Germany. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117921. [PMID: 34923444 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plant effluents and releases from rainwater overflow basins can contribute to the input of genotoxic micropollutants in aquatic ecosystems. Predominantly lipophilic genotoxic compounds tend to sorb to particulate matter, making sediment a source and a sink of pollution. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the genotoxic potential of freshwater sediments (i) during the dry period and (ii) after extensive rain events by collecting sediment samples in one small anthropogenically impacted river in Germany up- and downstream of the local wastewater treatment plant. The Micronucleus and Ames fluctuation assays with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, YG1041, and YG1042 were used to assess the genotoxic potential of organic sediment extracts. For evaluation of possible genotoxicity drivers, target analysis for 168 chemical compounds was performed. No clastogenic effects were observed, while the genotoxic potential was observed at all sampling sites primarily driven by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitroarenes, aromatic amines, and polycyclic heteroarenes. Freshwater sediments' genotoxic potential increased after extensive rain events due to sediment perturbation and the rainwater overflow basin release. In the present study, the rainwater overflow basin was a significant source for particle-bound pollutants from untreated wastewater, suggesting its role as a possible source of genotoxic potential. The present study showed high sensitivity and applicability of the bacterial Salmonella typhimurium strains YG1041 and YG1042 to organic sediment extracts to assess the different classes of genotoxic compounds. A combination of effect-based methods and a chemical analysis was shown as a suitable tool for a genotoxic assessment of freshwater sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksandra Shuliakevich
- Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Melis Muz
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Oehlmann
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Laura Nagengast
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Biology V, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Katja Schröder
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Biology V, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Wolf
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Biology V, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ira Brückner
- Eifel-Rur Waterboard (WVER), Eisenbahnstr. 5, 52354 Düren, Germany
| | - Riccardo Massei
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Schiwy
- Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Hamdi H, Graiet I, Abid-Essefi S, Eyer J. Epoxiconazole profoundly alters rat brain and properties of neural stem cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132640. [PMID: 34695486 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epoxiconazole (EPX), a widely used fungicide for domestic, medical, and industrial applications, could cause neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underling mechanism of neurotoxicity is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the possible toxic outcomes of Epoxiconzole, a triazole fungicide, on the brain of adult rats in vivo, and in vitro on neural stem cells derived from the subventricular zone of newborn Wistar rats. Our results revealed that oral exposure to EPX at these concentrations (8, 24, 40, 56 mg/kg bw representing respectively NOEL (no observed effect level), NOEL × 3, NOEL × 5, and NOEL × 7) for 28 days caused a considerable generation of oxidative stress in adult rat brain tissue. Furthermore, a significant augmentation in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation has been found. Moreover, it induced an elevation of DNA fragmentation as assessed by the Comet assay. Indeed, EPX administration impaired activities of antioxidant enzymes and inhibited AChE activity. Concomitantly, this pesticide produced histological alterations in the brain of adult rats. Regarding the embryonic neural stem cells, we demonstrated that the treatment by EPX reduced the viability of cells with an IC50 of 10 μM. It also provoked the reduction of cell proliferation, and EPX triggered arrest in G1/S phase. The neurosphere formation and self-renewal capacity was reduced and associated with decreased differentiation. Moreover, EPX induced cytoskeleton disruption as evidenced by immunocytochemical analysis. Our findings also showed that EPX induced apoptosis as evidenced by a loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) and an activation of caspase-3. In addition, EPX promoted ROS production in neural stem cells. Interestingly, the pretreatment of neural stem cells with the N-acetylcysteine (ROS scavenger) attenuated EPX-induced cell death, disruption of neural stem cells properties, ROS generation and apoptosis. Thus, the use of this hazardous material should be restricted and carefully regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Hamdi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imen Graiet
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Joel Eyer
- Laboratoire Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles (MINT), Inserm 1066, CNRS 6021, Institut de Biologie de La Santé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49033, Angers, France.
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44
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Khare P, Singh VK, Pathak AK, Bala L. Serum deprivation enhanced monocrotophos mediated cellular damages in human lung carcinoma and skin keratinocyte. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Losch EL, Zanatta CB, Barros GPD, Gaia MCDM, Bricarello PA. Os agrotóxicos no contexto da Saúde Única. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042022e229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A industrialização da agricultura e da pecuária, além de gerar um ambiente propício à disseminação de agentes infecciosos, é responsável pelo uso generalizado de diversas substâncias tóxicas que afetam a saúde humana, animal e ambiental. O objetivo deste estudo foi promover a reflexão sobre o uso de agrotóxicos e medicamentos veterinários como elementos de debate na construção da Saúde Única. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão exploratória literária de artigos, livros e documentos oficiais disponíveis em plataformas de banco de dados. A discussão inclui as problemáticas do uso de substâncias tóxicas em plantas e animais. Aborda, também, como os resíduos oriundos de sua utilização impactam a qualidade de alimentos, ar, solo, água com consequências à saúde humana. Embora essa discussão seja escassa na temática de Saúde Única, é fundamental que, além da participação da sociedade civil organizada, gestores públicos assegurem, por meio de políticas públicas, maior segurança e controle na utilização de substâncias tóxicas na agricultura e na pecuária.
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46
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Kahl VFS, da Silva J. Inorganic elements in occupational settings: A review on the effects on telomere length and biology. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2021; 872:503418. [PMID: 34798938 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have shown that telomere crisis is highly affected by external factors. Effects of human exposure to xenobiotics on telomere length (TL), particularly in their workplace, have been largely studied. TL has been shown to be an efficient biomarker in occupational risk assessment. This is the first review focusing on studies about the effects on TL from occupational exposures to metals (lead [Pb] and mixtures), and particulate matter (PM) related to inorganic elements. Data from 15 studies were evaluated regarding occupational exposure to metals and PM-associated inorganic elements and impact on TL. Potential complementary analyses and subjects' background (age, length of employment and gender) were also assessed. There was limited information on the correlations between work length and TL dynamics, and that was also true for the correlation between age and TL. Results indicated that TL is affected differently across the types of occupational exposure investigated in this review, and even within the same exposure, a variety of effects can be observed. Fifty-three percent of the studies observed decreased TL in occupational exposure among welding fumes, open-cast coal mine, Pb and PM industries workers. Two studies focused particularly on the levels of metals and association with TL, and both linear and non-linear associations were found. Interestingly, TL modifications were accompanied by increase in DNA damage in 7 out of 8 studies that investigated it, measured either by Cytokinesis-block Micronucleus Assay or Comet assay. Five studies also investigated oxidative stress parameters, and 4 of them found increased levels of oxidative damage along with TL impairment. Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms by which telomeres are affected due to their high guanine content. Our review highlights the need of further studies accessing TL in simultaneous occupational exposure to mixtures of xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian F Silva Kahl
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia; Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Post Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av Farroupilha 8001, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, 92425-900, Brazil; LaSalle University (UniLaSalle), Av Victor Barreto 2288, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, 92010-000, Brazil.
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Kapeleka JA, Sauli E, Ndakidemi PA. Pesticide exposure and genotoxic effects as measured by DNA damage and human monitoring biomarkers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:805-822. [PMID: 31736325 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1690132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Occupational pesticides exposure rises health concern due to genotoxicity and accumulation of pesticides in human biological matrices. Continuous and sublethal exposure to pesticides had been associated with oxidative stress, mutagenic and cell death. Exposure to pesticides exhibits increased level of DNA damage even if no detectable amounts of pesticides are seen in biological matrices by binding specific areas in the DNA. This interferes normal body systems and mutation in gene encoding specific activities which may lead to a wide range of cancer. Presence of pesticides compounds in human biological matrices had been evident from various studies. However, detection methods are complex and inconsistent, making it difficult to compare and generalize findings. This article provides insight into genotoxic effects, presence of pesticides and their metabolites in human biological matrices and the resultant health effects as measured by DNA damage, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity inhibition and other biomarkers of pesticides exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jones A Kapeleka
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
- Tropical Pesticides Research Institute (TPRI)
| | - Elingarami Sauli
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Patrick A Ndakidemi
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
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von Ameln Lovison O, Jank L, de Souza WM, Ramalho Guerra R, Lamas AE, da Costa Ballestrin RA, da Silva Morais Hein C, da Silva TCB, Corção G, Martins AF. Identification of pesticides in water samples by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:2670-2680. [PMID: 34355448 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs), including pesticides, have been a trending topic and Brazil is the country with the highest usage of pesticides worldwide. This study aimed to measure the presence of pesticide residues in the water from different sources in the city of Porto Alegre. We analyzed 55 samples from drinking water treatment plants, public water sites, and sewage treatment plants from winter 2018 to summer 2020 by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Among 184 pesticides evaluated, 107 matched validation criteria (linearity, trueness, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility) and 15 of them were detected in different water samples, including seven insecticides, five antifungals, and three herbicides, with a wide range of toxicity levels and noticeable seasonal differences. For the worst-case scenario evaluation, 20 out of 22 (90.9%) samples exceeded the Risk Quotient of 1. The sum of pesticide concentrations exceeded 100 ng L-1 in 66.7% of samples in February 19 and in 75% of samples in February 20 and the total pesticide concentration has reached the worrisome mark of 1615 and 954.96 ng L-1 respectively. Therefore, our results make evident the need to promote public policies to achieve better water quality monitoring. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Among 184 pesticides evaluated, 107 matched validation criteria (linearity, trueness, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility). A total of 55 different water samples were analyzed, and 15 pesticides were detected and five quantified. For the worst-case scenario evaluation, 20 out of 21 samples exceeded the Risk Quotient of 1 on Feb/20. The pesticide concentrations sum exceeded 100 ng L-1 in 66.7% of samples on February 19 and in 75% of samples on February 20. It is mandatory to improve water monitoring to guide the development of public policies concerning its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otávio von Ameln Lovison
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Louise Jank
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - William Machado de Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Ramalho Guerra
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Elias Lamas
- Coordenadoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Diretoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Antonio da Costa Ballestrin
- Coordenadoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Diretoria Geral de Vigilância em Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Morais Hein
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Gertrudes Corção
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andreza Francisco Martins
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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49
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A Systematic Review of Studies on Genotoxicity and Related Biomarkers in Populations Exposed to Pesticides in Mexico. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110272. [PMID: 34822663 PMCID: PMC8624200 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In agricultural activities, pest control is essential, and the most effective method is the use of chemical agents that also represent an important source of exposure to potentially toxic compounds. Pesticides constitute a heterogeneous group of compounds designed specifically to control different pests. Besides measuring their levels or that of their metabolites in air, plasma, serum, blood, urine, etc., some studies reported increased DNA damage levels after occupational or environmental pesticides exposure, evidenced by several cytogenetic biomarkers such as chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), micronuclei frequency (MN) together with other nuclear abnormalities (NA), alkaline comet assay, but also changes in oxidative stress parameters and miRNA levels. Single or combined, these techniques have also been used in genotoxic biomonitoring studies of workers occupationally exposed to pesticides in Mexico. Despite being a country with great agricultural activity and reported excessive pesticide use, genotoxic studies have been relatively few and, in some cases, contradictory. A review was made of the studies available (published until the end of 2020 on PubMed, Web of Science, Redalyc and Scielo, both in English and Spanish) in the scientific literature that evaluated occupational exposure of human samples to pesticides assessed with DNA damage and related biomarkers in Mexico.
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50
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Filippi I, Bravo N, Grimalt JO, Butinof M, Lerda D, Fernández RA, Muñoz SE, Amé MV. Pilot study of exposure of the male population to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in a region of high agricultural activity (Córdoba, Argentina). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53908-53916. [PMID: 34037936 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Urinary metabolites of organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid (PYR) pesticides and biomarkers of effects were studied in a population (n=40) residing in an important agricultural area of the province of Córdoba (Argentina). Detection frequencies (DF) higher than 85% were observed for the metabolites of pirimiphos (2-diethylamino-6-methylpyrimidin-4-ol -DEAMPY-, median 7.5 μg/g creatinine, DF: 100%), parathion (p-nitrophenol, 0.99 μg/g creatinine, 100%), and chlorpyrifos (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, 0.25 μg/g creatinine, 85%). The DEAMPY concentrations doubled the levels found in other studies and were negatively associated with Er-AChE activity, suggesting the appearance of health effects already in environmental exposure levels below established acceptable daily intakes (ADIs). 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid, the metabolite of several PYR pesticides, was also found in all samples. This metabolite was also significantly negatively correlated with Er-AChE, indicating effects of pyrethroid pesticides on the acetylcholine system even at concentrations below the ADI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iohanna Filippi
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia Bravo
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan O Grimalt
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Mariana Butinof
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Daniel Lerda
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ricardo A Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sonia E Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María V Amé
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
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