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Dunning EE, Decourt B, Zawia NH, Shill HA, Sabbagh MN. Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Narrative Review. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:975-1013. [PMID: 38743312 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the deposition of misfolded and neurotoxic forms of tau protein in specific areas of the midbrain, basal ganglia, and cortex. It is one of the most representative forms of tauopathy. PSP presents in several different phenotypic variations and is often accompanied by the development of concurrent neurodegenerative disorders. PSP is universally fatal, and effective disease-modifying therapies for PSP have not yet been identified. Several tau-targeting treatment modalities, including vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and microtubule-stabilizing agents, have been investigated and have had no efficacy. The need to treat PSP and other tauopathies is critical, and many clinical trials investigating tau-targeted treatments are underway. In this review, the PubMed database was queried to collect information about preclinical and clinical research on PSP treatment. Additionally, the US National Library of Medicine's ClinicalTrials.gov website was queried to identify past and ongoing clinical trials relevant to PSP treatment. This narrative review summarizes our findings regarding these reports, which include potential disease-modifying drug trials, modifiable risk factor management, and symptom treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise E Dunning
- Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Boris Decourt
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Laboratory on Neurodegeneration and Translational Research, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Nasser H Zawia
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Holly A Shill
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Marwan N Sabbagh
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
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2
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Malpetti M, Roemer SN, Harris S, Gross M, Gnörich J, Stephens A, Dewenter A, Steward A, Biel D, Dehsarvi A, Wagner F, Müller A, Koglin N, Weidinger E, Palleis C, Katzdobler S, Rupprecht R, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Levin J, Höglinger GU, Brendel M, Franzmeier N. Neuroinflammation Parallels 18F-PI-2620 Positron Emission Tomography Patterns in Primary 4-Repeat Tauopathies. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 39022835 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical, postmortem, and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies have pointed to neuroinflammation as a key pathophysiological hallmark in primary 4-repeat (4R) tauopathies and its role in accelerating disease progression. OBJECTIVE We tested whether microglial activation (1) progresses in similar spatial patterns as the primary pathology tau spreads across interconnected brain regions, and (2) whether the degree of microglial activation parallels tau pathology spreading. METHODS We examined in vivo associations between tau aggregation and microglial activation in 31 patients with clinically diagnosed 4R tauopathies, using 18F-PI-2620 PET and 18F-GE180 (translocator protein [TSPO]) PET. We determined tau epicenters, defined as subcortical brain regions with highest tau PET signal, and assessed the connectivity of tau epicenters to cortical regions of interest using a 3-T resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging template derived from age-matched healthy elderly controls. RESULTS In 4R tauopathy patients, we found that higher regional tau PET covaries with elevated TSPO-PET across brain regions that are functionally connected to each other (β = 0.414, P < 0.001). Microglial activation follows similar distribution patterns as tau and distributes primarily across brain regions strongly connected to patient-specific tau epicenters (β = -0.594, P < 0.001). In these regions, microglial activation spatially parallels tau distribution detectable with 18F-PI-2620 PET. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the spatial expansion of microglial activation parallels tau distribution across brain regions that are functionally connected to each other, suggesting that tau and inflammation are closely interrelated in patients with 4R tauopathies. The combination of in vivo tau and inflammatory biomarkers could therefore support the development of immunomodulatory strategies for disease-modifying treatments in these conditions. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Malpetti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sebastian N Roemer
- Department of Neurology, LMU Hospital, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Harris
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mattes Gross
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Gnörich
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Anna Dewenter
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Steward
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Davina Biel
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Amir Dehsarvi
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Wagner
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Endy Weidinger
- Department of Neurology, LMU Hospital, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carla Palleis
- Department of Neurology, LMU Hospital, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Katzdobler
- Department of Neurology, LMU Hospital, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Rupprecht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Aging Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, LMU Hospital, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, LMU Hospital, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolai Franzmeier
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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3
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DeRosier F, Hibbs C, Alessi K, Padda I, Rodriguez J, Pradeep S, Parmar MS. Progressive supranuclear palsy: Neuropathology, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, management, and emerging therapies. Dis Mon 2024:101753. [PMID: 38908985 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2024.101753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of 4R-tau protein aggregates in various brain regions. PSP leads to neuronal loss, gliosis, and tau-positive inclusions, such as neurofibrillary tangles, tufted astrocytes, and coiled bodies. These pathological changes mainly affect the brainstem and the basal ganglia, resulting in distinctive MRI features, such as the hummingbird and morning glory signs. PSP shows clinical heterogeneity and presents as different phenotypes, the most classical of which is Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS). The region of involvement and the mode of atrophy spread can further distinguish subtypes of PSP. PSP patients can experience various signs and symptoms, such as postural instability, supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, low amplitude fast finger tapping, and irregular sleep patterns. The most common symptoms of PSP are postural instability, falls, vertical gaze palsy, bradykinesia, and cognitive impairment. These features often overlap with those of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other Parkinsonian syndromes, making the diagnosis challenging. PSP is an essential clinical topic to research because it is a devastating and incurable disease. However, there are still many gaps in knowledge about its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Several clinical trials are underway to test noveltherapies that target tau in various ways, such as modulating its post-translational modifications, stabilizing its interaction with microtubules, or enhancing its clearance by immunotherapy. These approaches may offer new hope for slowing down the progression of PSP. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current knowledge on PSP, from its pathogenesis to its management. We also discuss the latest advances and future directions in PSP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick DeRosier
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, United States of America
| | - Cody Hibbs
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Alessi
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Inderbir Padda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeanette Rodriguez
- Department of Family Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, Florida, United States of America
| | - Swati Pradeep
- Department of Movement Disorders, UTHealth Houston Neurosciences Neurology - Texas Medical Center, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mayur S Parmar
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, United States of America.
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Tan MMX, Lawton MA, Pollard MI, Brown E, Real R, Carrasco AM, Bekadar S, Jabbari E, Reynolds RH, Iwaki H, Blauwendraat C, Kanavou S, Hubbard L, Malek N, Grosset KA, Bajaj N, Barker RA, Burn DJ, Bresner C, Foltynie T, Wood NW, Williams-Gray CH, Andreassen OA, Toft M, Elbaz A, Artaud F, Brice A, Corvol JC, Aasly J, Farrer MJ, Nalls MA, Singleton AB, Williams NM, Ben-Shlomo Y, Hardy J, Hu MTM, Grosset DG, Shoai M, Pihlstrøm L, Morris HR. Genome-wide determinants of mortality and motor progression in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:113. [PMID: 38849413 PMCID: PMC11161485 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
There are 90 independent genome-wide significant genetic risk variants for Parkinson's disease (PD) but currently only five nominated loci for PD progression. The biology of PD progression is likely to be of central importance in defining mechanisms that can be used to develop new treatments. We studied 6766 PD patients, over 15,340 visits with a mean follow-up of between 4.2 and 15.7 years and carried out genome-wide survival studies for time to a motor progression endpoint, defined by reaching Hoehn and Yahr stage 3 or greater, and death (mortality). There was a robust effect of the APOE ε4 allele on mortality in PD. We also identified a locus within the TBXAS1 gene encoding thromboxane A synthase 1 associated with mortality in PD. We also report 4 independent loci associated with motor progression in or near MORN1, ASNS, PDE5A, and XPO1. Only the non-Gaucher disease causing GBA1 PD risk variant E326K, of the known PD risk variants, was associated with mortality in PD. Further work is needed to understand the links between these genomic variants and the underlying disease biology. However, these may represent new candidates for disease modification in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela M X Tan
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Michael A Lawton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Miriam I Pollard
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emmeline Brown
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Raquel Real
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Alejandro Martinez Carrasco
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Samir Bekadar
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Departement of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Edwin Jabbari
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Regina H Reynolds
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hirotaka Iwaki
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica, Washington DC, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sofia Kanavou
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Leon Hubbard
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Naveed Malek
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katherine A Grosset
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nin Bajaj
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David J Burn
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Catherine Bresner
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Caroline H Williams-Gray
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathias Toft
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexis Elbaz
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Fanny Artaud
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" team, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Departement of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Departement of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jan Aasly
- Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science (INB), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica, Washington DC, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nigel M Williams
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - John Hardy
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
- Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michele T M Hu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Donald G Grosset
- School of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Lasse Pihlstrøm
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
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5
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Langerscheidt F, Wied T, Al Kabbani MA, van Eimeren T, Wunderlich G, Zempel H. Genetic forms of tauopathies: inherited causes and implications of Alzheimer's disease-like TAU pathology in primary and secondary tauopathies. J Neurol 2024; 271:2992-3018. [PMID: 38554150 PMCID: PMC11136742 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Tauopathies are a heterogeneous group of neurologic diseases characterized by pathological axodendritic distribution, ectopic expression, and/or phosphorylation and aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein TAU, encoded by the gene MAPT. Neuronal dysfunction, dementia, and neurodegeneration are common features of these often detrimental diseases. A neurodegenerative disease is considered a primary tauopathy when MAPT mutations/haplotypes are its primary cause and/or TAU is the main pathological feature. In case TAU pathology is observed but superimposed by another pathological hallmark, the condition is classified as a secondary tauopathy. In some tauopathies (e.g. MAPT-associated frontotemporal dementia (FTD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD)) TAU is recognized as a significant pathogenic driver of the disease. In many secondary tauopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD), TAU is suggested to contribute to the development of dementia, but in others (e.g. Niemann-Pick disease (NPC)) TAU may only be a bystander. The genetic and pathological mechanisms underlying TAU pathology are often not fully understood. In this review, the genetic predispositions and variants associated with both primary and secondary tauopathies are examined in detail, assessing evidence for the role of TAU in these conditions. We highlight less common genetic forms of tauopathies to increase awareness for these disorders and the involvement of TAU in their pathology. This approach not only contributes to a deeper understanding of these conditions but may also lay the groundwork for potential TAU-based therapeutic interventions for various tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Langerscheidt
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tamara Wied
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Mohamed Aghyad Al Kabbani
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thilo van Eimeren
- Multimodal Neuroimaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gilbert Wunderlich
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Zempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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6
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Wu LY, Real R, Martinez-Carrasco A, Chia R, Lawton MA, Shoai M, Bresner C, Blauwendraat C, Singleton AB, Ryten M, Scholz SW, Traynor BJ, Williams NM, Hu MTM, Ben-Shlomo Y, Grosset DG, Hardy J, Morris HR. Investigation of the genetic aetiology of Lewy body diseases with and without dementia. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae190. [PMID: 38978726 PMCID: PMC11228432 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Up to 80% of Parkinson's disease patients develop dementia, but time to dementia varies widely from motor symptom onset. Dementia with Lewy bodies presents with clinical features similar to Parkinson's disease dementia, but cognitive impairment precedes or coincides with motor onset. It remains controversial whether dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia are distinct conditions or represent part of a disease spectrum. The biological mechanisms underlying disease heterogeneity, in particular the development of dementia, remain poorly understood, but will likely be the key to understanding disease pathways and, ultimately, therapy development. Previous genome-wide association studies in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies/Parkinson's disease dementia have identified risk loci differentiating patients from controls. We collated data for 7804 patients of European ancestry from Tracking Parkinson's, The Oxford Discovery Cohort, and Accelerating Medicine Partnership-Parkinson's Disease Initiative. We conducted a discrete phenotype genome-wide association study comparing Lewy body diseases with and without dementia to decode disease heterogeneity by investigating the genetic drivers of dementia in Lewy body diseases. We found that risk allele rs429358 tagging APOEe4 increases the odds of developing dementia, and that rs7668531 near the MMRN1 and SNCA-AS1 genes and an intronic variant rs17442721 tagging LRRK2 G2019S on chromosome 12 are protective against dementia. These results should be validated in autopsy-confirmed cases in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Yue Wu
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Raquel Real
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Alejandro Martinez-Carrasco
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Ruth Chia
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Michael A Lawton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Catherine Bresner
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Integrative Neurogenomics Unit, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mina Ryten
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at The University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Nigel M Williams
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Michele T M Hu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Donald G Grosset
- School of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7DN, UK
- Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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7
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Del Giudice KP, Cosgaya M, Zaro I, Ravasi V, Santacruz P, Painous C, Fernández M, Cámara A, Compta Y. Anti-alpha synuclein and anti-tau immunotherapies: Can a cocktail approach work? Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 122:106080. [PMID: 38508903 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The hypothesis that neurodegenerative diseases are proteinopathies due to toxic effect of different underlying proteins, such as amyloid-beta and 3+4R-tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease (PD), while still controversial is supported by several studies in the literature. This has led to conduct clinical trials attempting to reduce the load of these allegedly toxic proteins by immunotherapy, mostly but not solely based on antibodies against these proteins. Already completed clinical trials have ranged from initially negative results to recently partial positive outcomes, specifically for anti-amyloid antibodies in AD but also albeit to lesser degree for anti-synuclein antibodies in PD. Currently, there are several ongoing clinical trials in degenerative parkinsonisms with anti-synuclein approaches in PD and multiple system atrophy (MSA), as well as with anti-tau antibodies in 4R-tauopathies such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). While it can be argued that expectations that part of these clinical trials will be positive can be hope or hype, it is reasonable to consider the future possibility of "cocktail" combination of different antibodies after the available experimental evidence of cross-talk between these proteins and neuropathological evidence of coexistence of these proteinopathies more frequently than expected by chance. Moreover, such "cocktail" approaches are widespread and accepted common practice in other fields such as oncology, and the complexity of neurodegenerative parkinsonisms makes reasonable the option for testing and eventually applying such combined approaches, should these prove useful separately, in the setting of patients with evidence of underlying concomitant proteinopathies, for example through biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsys Patricia Del Giudice
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marina Cosgaya
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Idoia Zaro
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Valeria Ravasi
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pilar Santacruz
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Celia Painous
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manel Fernández
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ana Cámara
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic I Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), ERN- RND, UBNeuro, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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8
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Lane-Donovan C, Boxer AL. Disentangling tau: One protein, many therapeutic approaches. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00321. [PMID: 38278659 PMCID: PMC10963923 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The tauopathies encompass over 20 adult neurodegenerative diseases and are characterized by the dysfunction and accumulation of insoluble tau protein. Among them, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and progressive supranuclear palsy collectively impact millions of patients and their families worldwide. Despite years of drug development using a variety of mechanisms of action, no therapeutic directed against tau has been approved for clinical use. This raises important questions about our current model of tau pathology and invites thoughtful consideration of our approach to nonclinical models and clinical trial design. In this article, we review what is known about the biology and genetics of tau, placing it in the context of current and failed clinical trials. We highlight potential reasons for the lack of success to date and offer suggestions for new pathways in therapeutic development. Overall, our viewpoint to the future is optimistic for this important group of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Lane-Donovan
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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9
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Mamais A, Sanyal A, Fajfer A, Zykoski CG, Guldin M, Riley-DiPaolo A, Subrahmanian N, Gibbs W, Lin S, LaVoie MJ. The LRRK2 kinase substrates RAB8a and RAB10 contribute complementary but distinct disease-relevant phenotypes in human neurons. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:163-173. [PMID: 38307024 PMCID: PMC10874859 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the LRRK2 gene cause familial Parkinson's disease presenting with pleomorphic neuropathology that can involve α-synuclein or tau accumulation. LRRK2 mutations are thought to converge upon a pathogenic increase in LRRK2 kinase activity. A subset of small RAB GTPases has been identified as LRRK2 substrates, with LRRK2-dependent phosphorylation resulting in RAB inactivation. We used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to generate a novel series of isogenic iPSC lines deficient in the two most well-validated LRRK2 substrates, RAB8a and RAB10, from deeply phenotyped healthy control lines. Thorough characterization of NGN2-induced neurons revealed opposing effects of RAB8a and RAB10 deficiency on lysosomal pH and Golgi organization, with isolated effects of RAB8a and RAB10 ablation on α-synuclein and tau, respectively. Our data demonstrate largely antagonistic effects of genetic RAB8a or RAB10 inactivation, which provide discrete insight into the pathologic features of their biochemical inactivation by pathogenic LRRK2 mutation in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamantios Mamais
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Anwesha Sanyal
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Austin Fajfer
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Catherine G Zykoski
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Guldin
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Nitya Subrahmanian
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Whitney Gibbs
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven Lin
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J LaVoie
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Teixeira LCR, Mamede I, Luizon MR, Gomes KB. Role of long non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:270. [PMID: 38302810 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Dementia is the term used to describe a group of cognitive disorders characterized by a decline in memory, thinking, and reasoning abilities that interfere with daily life activities. Examples of dementia include Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Vascular dementia (VaD) and Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). AD is the most common form of dementia. The hallmark pathology of AD includes formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers and tau hyperphosphorylation in the brain, which induces neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal apoptosis. Emerging studies have associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with the pathogenesis and progression of the neurodegenerative diseases. LncRNAs are defined as RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides that lack the ability to encode functional proteins. LncRNAs play crucial roles in numerous biological functions for their ability to interact with different molecules, such as proteins and microRNAs, and subsequently regulate the expression of their target genes at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In this narrative review, we report the function and mechanisms of action of lncRNAs found to be deregulated in different types of dementia, with the focus on AD. Finally, we discuss the emerging role of lncRNAs as biomarkers of dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Cristina Ribeiro Teixeira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Izabela Mamede
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rizzatti Luizon
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Karina Braga Gomes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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11
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Wang H, Chang TS, Dombroski BA, Cheng PL, Patil V, Valiente-Banuet L, Farrell K, Mclean C, Molina-Porcel L, Rajput A, De Deyn PP, Bastard NL, Gearing M, Kaat LD, Swieten JCV, Dopper E, Ghetti BF, Newell KL, Troakes C, de Yébenes JG, Rábano-Gutierrez A, Meller T, Oertel WH, Respondek G, Stamelou M, Arzberger T, Roeber S, Müller U, Hopfner F, Pastor P, Brice A, Durr A, Ber IL, Beach TG, Serrano GE, Hazrati LN, Litvan I, Rademakers R, Ross OA, Galasko D, Boxer AL, Miller BL, Seeley WW, Deerlin VMV, Lee EB, White CL, Morris H, de Silva R, Crary JF, Goate AM, Friedman JS, Leung YY, Coppola G, Naj AC, Wang LS, Dickson DW, Höglinger GU, Schellenberg GD, Geschwind DH, Lee WP. Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis Reveals New Susceptibility Loci and Structural Variants Associated with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.12.28.23300612. [PMID: 38234807 PMCID: PMC10793533 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.28.23300612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of aggregated tau proteins in astrocytes, neurons, and oligodendrocytes. Previous genome-wide association studies for PSP were based on genotype array, therefore, were inadequate for the analysis of rare variants as well as larger mutations, such as small insertions/deletions (indels) and structural variants (SVs). Method In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) and conducted association analysis for single nucleotide variants (SNVs), indels, and SVs, in a cohort of 1,718 cases and 2,944 controls of European ancestry. Of the 1,718 PSP individuals, 1,441 were autopsy-confirmed and 277 were clinically diagnosed. Results Our analysis of common SNVs and indels confirmed known genetic loci at MAPT, MOBP, STX6, SLCO1A2, DUSP10, and SP1, and further uncovered novel signals in APOE, FCHO1/MAP1S, KIF13A, TRIM24, TNXB, and ELOVL1. Notably, in contrast to Alzheimer's disease (AD), we observed the APOE ε2 allele to be the risk allele in PSP. Analysis of rare SNVs and indels identified significant association in ZNF592 and further gene network analysis identified a module of neuronal genes dysregulated in PSP. Moreover, seven common SVs associated with PSP were observed in the H1/H2 haplotype region (17q21.31) and other loci, including IGH, PCMT1, CYP2A13, and SMCP. In the H1/H2 haplotype region, there is a burden of rare deletions and duplications (P = 6.73×10-3) in PSP. Conclusions Through WGS, we significantly enhanced our understanding of the genetic basis of PSP, providing new targets for exploring disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy S Chang
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth A Dombroski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Po-Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vishakha Patil
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leopoldo Valiente-Banuet
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kurt Farrell
- Department of Pathology, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Nash Family, Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain, Institute, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catriona Mclean
- Victorian Brain Bank, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders unit. Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Fundació Recerca Clínic Barcelona (FRCB). Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Rajput
- Movement Disorders Program, Division of Neurology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Peter Paul De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Experimental Neurobiology Unit, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Elise Dopper
- Netherlands Brain Bank and Erasmus University, Netherlands
| | - Bernardino F Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Claire Troakes
- London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alberto Rábano-Gutierrez
- Fundación CIEN (Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Neurológicas) - Centro Alzheimer Fundación Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tina Meller
- Department of Neurology, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Gesine Respondek
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
- European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Franziska Hopfner
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pau Pastor
- Unit of Neurodegenerative diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurosciences, The Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Willian W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vivanna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles L White
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Huw Morris
- Departmento of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Rohan de Silva
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Nash Family, Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain, Institute, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Friedman
- Friedman Bioventure, Inc., Del Mar, CA, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuk Yee Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wan-Ping Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Malpetti M, Franzmeier N, Brendel M. PET Imaging to Measure Neuroinflammation In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2785:177-193. [PMID: 38427195 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3774-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the role of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the potential of anti-inflammatory treatments to slow or prevent decline. This research focuses on the use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to visualize and quantify molecular brain changes in patients, specifically microglial activation and reactive astrogliosis. We discuss the development and application of several PET radioligands, including first-generation ligands like PK11195 and Ro5-4864, as well as second- and third-generation ligands such as [11C]PBR28, [18F]DPA-714, [18F]GE-180, and [11C]ER176. These ligands target the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), which is overexpressed in activated microglia and upregulated in astrocytes. We also address the limitations of these ligands, such as low brain uptake, poor penetration of the blood-brain barrier, short half-life, and variable kinetic behavior. Furthermore, we demonstrate the impact of genetic polymorphisms on ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Malpetti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicolai Franzmeier
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal and Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.
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Lim SY, Klein C. Parkinson's Disease is Predominantly a Genetic Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:467-482. [PMID: 38552119 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of a pathogenic variant in the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene in the Contursi kindred in 1997 indisputably confirmed a genetic cause in a subset of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Currently, pathogenic variants in one of the seven established PD genes or the strongest known risk factor gene, GBA1, are identified in ∼15% of PD patients unselected for age at onset and family history. In this Debate article, we highlight multiple avenues of research that suggest an important - and in some cases even predominant - role for genetics in PD aetiology, including familial clustering, high rates of monogenic PD in selected populations, and complete penetrance with certain forms. At first sight, the steep increase in PD prevalence exceeding that of other neurodegenerative diseases may argue against a predominant genetic etiology. Notably, the principal genetic contribution in PD is conferred by pathogenic variants in LRRK2 and GBA1 and, in both cases, characterized by an overall late age of onset and age-related penetrance. In addition, polygenic risk plays a considerable role in PD. However, it is likely that, in the majority of PD patients, a complex interplay of aging, genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors leads to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yang Lim
- The Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's and Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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Landoulsi Z, Pachchek S, Bobbili DR, Pavelka L, May P, Krüger R. Genetic landscape of Parkinson's disease and related diseases in Luxembourg. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1282174. [PMID: 38173558 PMCID: PMC10761438 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1282174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the genetic architecture of PD in the Luxembourg Parkinson's Study including cohorts of healthy people and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism (AP). Methods 809 healthy controls, 680 PD and 103 AP were genotyped using the Neurochip array. We screened and validated rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) within seven PD-causing genes (LRRK2, SNCA, VPS35, PRKN, PARK7, PINK1 and ATP13A2). Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were generated using the latest genome-wide association study for PD. We then estimated the role of common variants in PD risk by applying gene-set-specific PRSs. Results We identified 60 rare SNVs in seven PD-causing genes, nine of which were pathogenic in LRRK2, PINK1 and PRKN. Eleven rare CNVs were detected in PRKN including seven duplications and four deletions. The majority of PRKN SNVs and CNVs carriers were heterozygous and not differentially distributed between cases and controls. The PRSs were significantly associated with PD and identified specific molecular pathways related to protein metabolism and signal transduction as drivers of PD risk. Conclusion We performed a comprehensive genetic characterization of the deep-phenotyped individuals of the Luxembourgish Parkinson's Study. Heterozygous SNVs and CNVs in PRKN were not associated with higher PD risk. In particular, we reported novel digenic variants in PD related genes and rare LRRK2 SNVs in AP patients. Our findings will help future studies to unravel the genetic complexity of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Landoulsi
- LCSB, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sinthuja Pachchek
- LCSB, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dheeraj Reddy Bobbili
- LCSB, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Lukas Pavelka
- Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Patrick May
- LCSB, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- LCSB, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
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Wu L, Shi M, Liang Y, Huang J, Xia W, Bian H, Zhuo Q, Zhao C. The profiles and clinical significance of extraocular muscle-expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in oculomotor nerve palsy. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1293344. [PMID: 38173464 PMCID: PMC10761543 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1293344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP) arises from primary abnormalities in the central neural pathways that control the extraocular muscles (EOMs). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of various neuroparalytic diseases. However, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in ONP. Methods We collected medial rectus muscle tissue from ONP and constant exotropia (CXT) patients during strabismus surgeries for RNA sequencing analysis. Differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were revealed and included in the functional enrichment analysis. Co-expression analysis was conducted between these differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs, followed by target gene prediction of differentially expressed lncRNAs. In addition, lncRNA-microRNA and lncRNA-transcription factor-mRNA interaction networks were constructed to further elaborate the pathological changes in medial rectus muscle of ONP. Furthermore, RT-qPCR was applied to further validate the expression levels of important lncRNAs and mRNAs, whose clinical significance was examined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results A total of 618 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 322 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. The up-regulated mRNAs were significantly related to cholinergic synaptic transmission (such as CHRM3 and CHRND) and the components and metabolism of extracellular matrix (such as CHI3L1 and COL19A1), while the down-regulated mRNAs were significantly correlated with the composition (such as MYH7 and MYL3) and contraction force (such as MYH7 and TNNT1) of muscle fibers. Co-expression analysis and target gene prediction revealed the strong correlation between MYH7 and NR_126491.1 as well as MYOD1 and ENST00000524479. Moreover, the differential expressions of lncRNAs (XR_001739409.1, NR_024160.1 and XR_001738373.1) and mRNAs (CDKN1A, MYOG, MYOD1, MYBPH, TMEM64, STATH, and MYL3) were validated by RT-qPCR. ROC curve analysis showed that lncRNAs (XR_001739409.1, NR_024160.1, and NR_002766.2) and mRNAs (CDKN1A, MYOG, MYOD1, MYBPH, TMEM64, and STATH) might be promising biomarkers of ONP. Conclusions These results may shed light on the molecular biology of EOMs of ONP, as well as the possible correlation of lncRNAs and mRNAs with clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianqun Wu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingsu Shi
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqiu Huang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyi Xia
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Hewei Bian
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao Zhuo
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
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Chen K, Tang F, Du B, Yue Z, Jiao L, Ding X, Tuo Q, Meng J, He S, Dai L, Lei P, Wei X. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibition upregulates microtubule-associated protein 1B to ameliorate lysosomal dysfunction and parkinsonism. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e429. [PMID: 38020716 PMCID: PMC10661827 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LRRK2 (encoding leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 protein, LRRK2) are the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD), and increased LRRK2 kinase activity was observed in sporadic PD. Therefore, inhibition of LRRK2 has been tested as a disease-modifying therapeutic strategy using the LRRK2 mutant mice and sporadic PD. Here, we report a newly designed molecule, FL090, as a LRRK2 kinase inhibitor, verified in cell culture and animal models of PD. Using the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mice and SNCA A53T transgenic mice, FL090 ameliorated motor dysfunctions, reduced LRRK2 kinase activity, and rescued loss in the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Notably, by RNA-Seq analysis, we identified microtubule-associated protein 1 (MAP1B) as a crucial mediator of FL090's neuroprotective effects and found that MAP1B and LRRK2 co-localize. Overexpression of MAP1B rescued 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium induced cytotoxicity through rescuing the lysosomal function, and the protective effect of FL090 was lost in MAP1B knockout cells. Further studies may be focused on the in vivo mechanisms of MAP1B and microtubule function in PD. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of FL090 as a therapeutic agent for sporadic PD and familial PD without LRRK2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chen
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Fei Tang
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Zhe‐Zhou Yue
- Guizhou Yiluoqini Techno. Co., Ltd, Guizhou Shuanglong Airport Economic ZoneGuiyangP. R. China
| | - Ling‐Ling Jiao
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Xu‐Long Ding
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Qing‐Zhang Tuo
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Si‐Yu He
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
| | - Xia‐Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Center for BiotherapyChengduP. R. China
- Guizhou Yiluoqini Techno. Co., Ltd, Guizhou Shuanglong Airport Economic ZoneGuiyangP. R. China
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17
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Chen SD, Zhang W, Feng YW, Wu BS, Yang L, Zhang YR, Wang HF, Guo Y, Deng YT, Feng JF, Cheng W, Dong Q, Yu JT. Genome-wide Survival Study Identifies PARL as a Novel Locus for Clinical Progression and Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:732-742. [PMID: 36870520 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.02.992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variability exists in the trajectories of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to identify genetic modulators of clinical progression in AD. METHODS We conducted the first genome-wide survival study on AD using a two-stage approach. The discovery and replication stage separately included 1158 and 211,817 individuals without dementia from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and the UK Biobank, respectively (325 and 1103 progressed in average follow-up of 4.33 and 8.63 years, respectively). Cox proportional hazards models were applied with time to AD dementia as the phenotype of clinical progression. A series of bioinformatic analyses and functional experiments was performed to validate the novel findings. RESULTS We found that APOE and PARL, a novel locus tagged by rs6795172 (hazard ratio = 1.66, p = 1.45 × 10-9), were significantly associated with AD clinical progression and were successfully replicated. The novel locus was linked to accelerated cognitive changes, higher tau levels, and faster atrophy of AD-specific brain structures, which were also verified in UK Biobank neuroimaging follow-up. Gene analysis and summary data-based Mendelian randomization indicated PARL as the most functionally relevant gene in the locus. Expression quantitative trait locus analyses and dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that PARL expression could be regulated by rs6795172. Three different AD mouse models consistently showed decreased PARL expression accompanied by elevated tau levels, and in vitro experiments revealed that knockdown/overexpression of PARL inversely changed tau levels. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, genetic, bioinformatic, and functional evidence suggests that PARL modulates clinical progression and neurodegeneration in AD. Targeting PARL may potentially modify AD progression and have implications for disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Dong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Wei Feng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Fu Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Ting Deng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China; MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
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Couto B, Fox S, Tartaglia MC, Rogaeva E, Antwi J, Bhakta P, Kovacs GG, Lang AE. The Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre: Creation and Initial Experience. Can J Neurol Sci 2023; 50:845-852. [PMID: 36600512 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2022.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the development and initial experience of a clinical research program in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) in Canada: The Rossy PSP Centre, to share the data acquisition tools adopted, and to report preliminary results. METHODS Extensive demographic and longitudinal clinical information is collected every 6 months using standardized forms. Biofluids are collected for biobanking and genetic analysis, and many patients are enrolled in neuroimaging research protocols. Brain donation is an important component of the program, and standardized processing protocols have been established, including very short death to autopsy times in patients undergoing medical assistance in dying. RESULTS Between Oct 2019 and Dec 2021, 132 patients were screened, 91 fulfilling criteria for PSP and 19 for CBS; age 71 years; 41% female; duration 5 years, age-of-onset 66 years. The most common symptoms at onset were postural instability and falls (45%), cognitive-behavioral changes (22%), and Parkinsonism (9%). The predominant clinical phenotype was Richardson syndrome (82%). Levodopa and amantadine resulted in partial and short-lasting benefit. CONCLUSIONS The Rossy PSP Centre has been established to advance clinical and basic research in PSP and related tauopathies. The extent of the clinical data collected permits deep phenotyping of patients and allows for future clinical and basic research. Preliminary results showed expected distribution of phenotypes, demographics, and response to symptomatic treatments in our cohort. Longitudinal data will provide insight into the early diagnosis and management of PSP. Future steps include enrollment of patients in earlier stages, development of biomarkers, and fast-tracking well-characterized patients into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blas Couto
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Fox
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Memory Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Antwi
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Puja Bhakta
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program & Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Wu L, Real R, Martinez A, Chia R, Lawton MA, Shoai M, Bresner C, Hubbard L, Blauwendraat C, Singleton AB, Ryten M, Scholz SW, Traynor BJ, Williams N, Hu MTM, Ben-Shlomo Y, Grosset DG, Hardy J, Morris HR. Investigation of the genetic aetiology of Lewy body diseases with and without dementia. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.10.17.23297157. [PMID: 37987016 PMCID: PMC10659505 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.17.23297157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Up to 80% of Parkinson's disease patients develop dementia, but time to dementia varies widely from motor symptom onset. Dementia with Lewy bodies presents with clinical features similar to Parkinson's disease dementia, but cognitive impairment precedes or coincides with motor onset. It remains controversial whether dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia are distinct conditions or represent part of a disease spectrum. The biological mechanisms underlying disease heterogeneity, in particular the development of dementia, remain poorly understood, but will likely be key to understanding disease pathways and ultimately therapy development. Previous genome-wide association studies in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies/Parkinson's disease dementia have identified risk loci differentiating patients from controls. We collated data for 7,804 patients of European ancestry from Tracking Parkinson's (PRoBaND), The Oxford Discovery Cohort, and AMP-PD. We conducted a discrete phenotype genome-wide association studies comparing Lewy body diseases with and without dementia to decode disease heterogeneity by investigating the genetic drivers of dementia in Lewy body diseases. We found that risk alleles rs429358 tagging APOEe4 and rs7668531 near the MMRN1 and SNCA-AS1 genes, increase the odds of developing dementia and that an intronic variant rs17442721 tagging LRRK2 G2019S, on chromosome 12 is protective against dementia. These results should be validated in autopsy confirmed cases in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Wu
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Raquel Real
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Alejandro Martinez
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Ruth Chia
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Lawton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Catherine Bresner
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Leon Hubbard
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Integrative Neurogenomics Unit, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mina Ryten
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Nigel Williams
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Michele T M Hu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Donald G Grosset
- School of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7DN, UK
- Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
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20
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Boxer AL, Sperling R. Accelerating Alzheimer's therapeutic development: The past and future of clinical trials. Cell 2023; 186:4757-4772. [PMID: 37848035 PMCID: PMC10625460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) research has entered a new era with the recent positive phase 3 clinical trials of the anti-Aβ antibodies lecanemab and donanemab. Why did it take 30 years to achieve these successes? Developing potent therapies for reducing fibrillar amyloid was key, as was selection of patients at relatively early stages of disease. Biomarkers of the target pathologies, including amyloid and tau PET, and insights from past trials were also critical to the recent successes. Moving forward, the challenge will be to develop more efficacious therapies with greater efficiency. Novel trial designs, including combination therapies and umbrella and basket protocols, will accelerate clinical development. Better diversity and inclusivity of trial participants are needed, and blood-based biomarkers may help to improve access for medically underserved groups. Incentivizing innovation in both academia and industry through public-private partnerships, collaborative mechanisms, and the creation of new career paths will be critical to build momentum in these exciting times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute of Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Reisa Sperling
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Le Guen Y, Luo G, Ambati A, Damotte V, Jansen I, Yu E, Nicolas A, de Rojas I, Peixoto Leal T, Miyashita A, Bellenguez C, Lian MM, Parveen K, Morizono T, Park H, Grenier-Boley B, Naito T, Küçükali F, Talyansky SD, Yogeshwar SM, Sempere V, Satake W, Alvarez V, Arosio B, Belloy ME, Benussi L, Boland A, Borroni B, Bullido MJ, Caffarra P, Clarimon J, Daniele A, Darling D, Debette S, Deleuze JF, Dichgans M, Dufouil C, During E, Düzel E, Galimberti D, Garcia-Ribas G, García-Alberca JM, García-González P, Giedraitis V, Goldhardt O, Graff C, Grünblatt E, Hanon O, Hausner L, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Holstege H, Hort J, Jung YJ, Jürgen D, Kern S, Kuulasmaa T, Lee KH, Lin L, Masullo C, Mecocci P, Mehrabian S, de Mendonça A, Boada M, Mir P, Moebus S, Moreno F, Nacmias B, Nicolas G, Niida S, Nordestgaard BG, Papenberg G, Papma J, Parnetti L, Pasquier F, Pastor P, Peters O, Pijnenburg YAL, Piñol-Ripoll G, Popp J, Porcel LM, Puerta R, Pérez-Tur J, Rainero I, Ramakers I, Real LM, Riedel-Heller S, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Ross OA, Luís Royo J, Rujescu D, Scarmeas N, Scheltens P, Scherbaum N, Schneider A, Seripa D, Skoog I, Solfrizzi V, Spalletta G, Squassina A, van Swieten J, Sánchez-Valle R, Tan EK, Tegos T, Teunissen C, Thomassen JQ, Tremolizzo L, Vyhnalek M, Verhey F, Waern M, Wiltfang J, Zhang J, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, He Z, Williams J, Amouyel P, Jessen F, Kehoe PG, Andreassen OA, Van Duin C, Tsolaki M, Sánchez-Juan P, Frikke-Schmidt R, Sleegers K, Toda T, Zettergren A, Ingelsson M, Okada Y, Rossi G, Hiltunen M, Gim J, Ozaki K, Sims R, Foo JN, van der Flier W, Ikeuchi T, Ramirez A, Mata I, Ruiz A, Gan-Or Z, Lambert JC, Greicius MD, Mignot E. Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302720120. [PMID: 37643212 PMCID: PMC10483635 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302720120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Le Guen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford94305, CA
- Institut du Cerveau–Paris Brain Institute–ICM, Paris75013, France
| | - Guo Luo
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
| | - Aditya Ambati
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
| | - Vincent Damotte
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liés au vieillissement, Lille59000, France
| | - Iris Jansen
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HVAmsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije University, 1081 HVAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Yu
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), Montreal, QuebecH3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QuebecH3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QuebecH3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liés au vieillissement, Lille59000, France
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona08029, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Thiago Peixoto Leal
- Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland44196, OH
| | - Akinori Miyashita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata950-218, Japan
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liés au vieillissement, Lille59000, France
| | - Michelle Mulan Lian
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore308232, Singapore
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore138672, Singapore
| | - Kayenat Parveen
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne50937, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn53127, Germany
| | - Takashi Morizono
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu474-8511, Japan
| | - Hyeonseul Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju61452, Korea
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liés au vieillissement, Lille59000, France
| | - Tatsuhiko Naito
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita565-0871, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo192-0982, Japan
| | - Fahri Küçükali
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp2610, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born–Bunge, Antwerp2610, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp2000, Belgium
| | - Seth D. Talyansky
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford94305, CA
| | - Selina Maria Yogeshwar
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
- Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin, Berlin10117, Germany
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Vicente Sempere
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
| | - Wataru Satake
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo192-0982, Japan
| | - Victoria Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo33011, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo33011, Spain
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan20122, Italy
| | - Michael E. Belloy
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford94305, CA
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia25125, Italy
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry91057, France
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia25123, Italy
| | - María J. Bullido
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid28049, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria "Hospital la Paz" (IdIPaz), Madrid48903, Spain
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Unit of Neurology, University of Parma and AOU, Parma43121, Italy
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome00168, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome00168, Italy
| | - Daniel Darling
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux33000, France
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux33400, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry91057, France
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich37075, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Carole Dufouil
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, CIC 1401-EC, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux33405, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pole santé publique, Bordeaux33400, France
| | - Emmanuel During
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg39106, Germany
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan20122, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan20122, Italy
| | | | - José María García-Alberca
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Andalusian Institute for Neuroscience, Málaga29012, Spain
| | - Pablo García-González
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona08029, Spain
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala751 22, Sweden
- Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala751 22, Sweden
| | - Oliver Goldhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum recs der Isar, Munich80333, Germany
| | - Caroline Graff
- Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm171 64, Swdeen
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich8032, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich8057, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich8057, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Hanon
- Université de Paris, EA 4468, APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris75013, France
| | - Lucrezia Hausner
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health Mannheim, Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg68159, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn53127, Germany
| | - Henne Holstege
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HVAmsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Jakub Hort
- Department of Neurology, Memory Clinic, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague150 06, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, Brno656 91, Czech Republic
| | - Yoo Jin Jung
- Stanford Neurosciences Interdepartmental Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford94305, CA
| | - Deckert Jürgen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg97080, Germany
| | - Silke Kern
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg405 30, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg413 45, Sweden
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Kuopio, Eastern Finland80101, Finland
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju61452, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju61452, Republic of Korea
- Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementias Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju61452, Republic of Korea
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu41062, Republic of Korea
- Neurozen Inc., Seoul06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Ling Lin
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome20123, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia06123, Italy
| | - Shima Mehrabian
- Clinic of Neurology, UH “Alexandrovska”, Medical University–Sofia, Sofia1431, Bulgaria
| | | | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona08029, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville41013, Spain
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Urban Public Health, University Hospital of University Duisburg-Essen, Essen45147, Germany
| | - Fermin Moreno
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian20014, Spain
- Neurosciences Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian20014, Spain
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health University of Florence, Florence50121, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence20162, Italy
| | - Gael Nicolas
- Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, RouenF-76000, France
| | - Shumpei Niida
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu474-8511, Japan
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev Gentofte, Copenhagen2730, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen1172, Denmark
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm171 77, Sweden
| | - Janne Papma
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam3000, The Netherlands
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Centre for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia06123, Italy
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Université de Lille, Inserm 1172, CHU Clinical and Research Memory Research Centre of Distalz, Lille59000, France
| | - Pau Pastor
- Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona08221, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona08221, Spain
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin37075, Germany
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin12203, Germany
| | - Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HVAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida25198, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Lleida25198, Spain
| | - Julius Popp
- Department of Psychiatry, Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne1005, Switzerland
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zürich, Zürich8032, Switzerland
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich8952, Switzerland
| | - Laura Molina Porcel
- Neurological Tissue Bank–Biobanc- Hospital Clinic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona08036, Spain
- Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona08036, Spain
| | - Raquel Puerta
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona08029, Spain
| | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Unitat de Genètica Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasValencia46010, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Neurologia Genètica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia46026, Spain
| | - Innocenzo Rainero
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Torino, Torino10126, Italy
| | - Inez Ramakers
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychologie, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht6229 GS, The Netherlands
| | - Luis M. Real
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla41014, Spain
- Depatamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga29010, Spain
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig04109, Germany
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander39011, Spain
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic-Florida, Jacksonville32224, FL
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic-Florida, Jacksonville32224, FL
| | - Jose Luís Royo
- Depatamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga29010, Spain
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle (Saale)06120, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Department of Neurology, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York10032, NY
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens106 79, Greece
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HVAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, LVR-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147Duisberg, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen), 37075Göttingen, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn53127, Germany
| | - Davide Seripa
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Laboratory for Advanced Hematological Diagnostics, Lecce73100, Italy
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg405 30, Sweden
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg405 30, Sweden
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Interdisciry Department of Medicine, Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari “A. Moro, Bari70121, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome00179, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston77030, TX
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari09124, Italy
| | - John van Swieten
- Department of Neurology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam3000CA, Netherlands
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders unit, Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona08036, Spain
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore308433, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore169857, Singapore
| | - Thomas Tegos
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical school, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki541 24, Greece
| | - Charlotte Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam1081 HV, Netherlands
| | - Jesper Qvist Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen2100, Denmark
| | - Lucio Tremolizzo
- Neurology, "San Gerardo" hospital, Monza and University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza20900, Italy
| | - Martin Vyhnalek
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Memory Clinic, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Frans Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychologie, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht6229 GS, Netherlands
| | - Margda Waern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg431 41, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychosis Clinic, Gothenburg413 45, Sweden
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen37075, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen), Goettingen37075, Germany
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro3810-193, Portugal
| | - Jing Zhang
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal431 41, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, MölndalSE-43180, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, LondonWC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, LondonWC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal431 41, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, MölndalSE-43180, Sweden
| | - Zihuai He
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford94305, CA
| | - Julie Williams
- UKDRI@Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, WalesCF14 4YS, United Kingdom
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff WalesCF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liés au vieillissement, Lille59000, France
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen), 37075Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne50937, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Patrick G. Kehoe
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 1QU, United Kingdom
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo0450, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cornelia Van Duin
- Department of Epidemiology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health Oxford University, OxfordOX3 7LF, United Kingdom
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical school, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki541 24, Greece
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen1172, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen2100, Denmark
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp2610, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born–Bunge, Antwerp2610, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp2000, Belgium
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo192-0982, Japan
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg431 41, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala751 22, Sweden
- Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala751 22, Sweden
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, TorontoM5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, TorontoM5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita565-0871, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita565-0871, Japan
| | - Giacomina Rossi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan20133, Italy
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Kuopio, Eastern Finland80101, Finland
| | - Jungsoo Gim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju61452, Korea
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju61452, Republic of Korea
- Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementias Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kouichi Ozaki
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu474-8511, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, WalesCF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore308232, Singapore
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore138672, Singapore
| | - Wiesje van der Flier
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HVAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata950-218, Japan
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne50937, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn53127, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen), 37075Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio78229, TX
| | - Ignacio Mata
- Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland44196, OH
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona08029, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIRNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), Montreal, QuebecH3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QuebecH3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QuebecH3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liés au vieillissement, Lille59000, France
| | - Michael D. Greicius
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford94305, CA
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto94304, CA
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22
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Zhu C, Herbst S, Lewis PA. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 at a glance. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs259724. [PMID: 37698513 PMCID: PMC10508695 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a multidomain scaffolding protein with dual guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) and kinase enzymatic activities, providing this protein with the capacity to regulate a multitude of signalling pathways and act as a key mediator of diverse cellular processes. Much of the interest in LRRK2 derives from mutations in the LRRK2 gene being the most common genetic cause of Parkinson's disease, and from the association of the LRRK2 locus with a number of other human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, the LRRK2 research field has focused on the link between LRRK2 and pathology, with the aim of uncovering the underlying mechanisms and, ultimately, finding novel therapies and treatments to combat them. From the biochemical and cellular functions of LRRK2, to its relevance to distinct disease mechanisms, this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster deliver a snapshot of our current understanding of LRRK2 function, dysfunction and links to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Zhu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Susanne Herbst
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Patrick A. Lewis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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23
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Müller-Nedebock AC, Dekker MCJ, Farrer MJ, Hattori N, Lim SY, Mellick GD, Rektorová I, Salama M, Schuh AFS, Stoessl AJ, Sue CM, Tan AH, Vidal RL, Klein C, Bardien S. Different pieces of the same puzzle: a multifaceted perspective on the complex biological basis of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:110. [PMID: 37443150 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological basis of the neurodegenerative movement disorder, Parkinson's disease (PD), is still unclear despite it being 'discovered' over 200 years ago in Western Medicine. Based on current PD knowledge, there are widely varying theories as to its pathobiology. The aim of this article was to explore some of these different theories by summarizing the viewpoints of laboratory and clinician scientists in the PD field, on the biological basis of the disease. To achieve this aim, we posed this question to thirteen "PD experts" from six continents (for global representation) and collated their personal opinions into this article. The views were varied, ranging from toxin exposure as a PD trigger, to LRRK2 as a potential root cause, to toxic alpha-synuclein being the most important etiological contributor. Notably, there was also growing recognition that the definition of PD as a single disease should be reconsidered, perhaps each with its own unique pathobiology and treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amica C Müller-Nedebock
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marieke C J Dekker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Research Institute of Disease of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0106, Japan
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute of Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Irena Rektorová
- First Department of Neurology and International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, CEITEC, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahleya, Egypt
- Atlantic Senior Fellow for Equity in Brain Health at the Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Artur F S Schuh
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A Jon Stoessl
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, Department of Medicine (Division of Neurology), Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Neuroscience Research Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales; Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst; Department of Neurology, Prince of Wales Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rene L Vidal
- Instituto de Neurociencia Biomédica (BNI), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro FONDAP de Gerociencia, Salud Mental y Metabolismo (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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24
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Mamais A, Sanyal A, Fajfer A, Zykoski CG, Guldin M, Riley-DiPaolo A, Subrahmanian N, Gibbs W, Lin S, LaVoie MJ. The LRRK2 kinase substrates Rab8a and Rab10 contribute complementary but distinct disease-relevant phenotypes in human neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.30.538317. [PMID: 37163109 PMCID: PMC10168414 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.30.538317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the LRRK2 gene cause familial Parkinson's disease presenting with pleomorphic neuropathology that can involve α-synuclein or tau accumulation. LRRK2 mutations are thought to converge toward a pathogenic increase in LRRK2 kinase activity. A subset of small Rab GTPases have been identified as LRRK2 substrates, with LRRK2-dependent phosphorylation resulting in Rab inactivation. We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to generate a novel series of isogenic iPSC lines deficient in the two most well validated LRRK2 substrates, Rab8a and Rab10, from two independent, deeply phenotyped healthy control lines. Thorough characterization of NGN2-induced neurons revealed divergent effects of Rab8a and Rab10 deficiency on lysosomal pH, LAMP1 association with Golgi, α-synuclein insolubility and tau phosphorylation, while parallel effects on lysosomal numbers and Golgi clustering were observed. Our data demonstrate largely antagonistic effects of genetic Rab8a or Rab10 inactivation which provide discrete insight into the pathologic features of their biochemical inactivation by pathogenic LRRK2 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamantios Mamais
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anwesha Sanyal
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Austin Fajfer
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Catherine G. Zykoski
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Guldin
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexis Riley-DiPaolo
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Nitya Subrahmanian
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Whitney Gibbs
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Steven Lin
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew J. LaVoie
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Genetics of Multiple System Atrophy and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Systemized Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065281. [PMID: 36982356 PMCID: PMC10048872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are uncommon multifactorial atypical Parkinsonian syndromes, expressed by various clinical features. MSA and PSP are commonly considered sporadic neurodegenerative disorders; however, our understanding is improving of their genetic framework. The purpose of this study was to critically review the genetics of MSA and PSP and their involvement in the pathogenesis. A systemized literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE was performed up to 1 January 2023. Narrative synthesis of the results was undertaken. In total, 43 studies were analyzed. Although familial MSA cases have been reported, the hereditary nature could not be demonstrated. COQ2 mutations were involved in familial and sporadic MSA, without being reproduced in various clinical populations. In terms of the genetics of the cohort, synuclein alpha (SNCA) polymorphisms were correlated with an elevated likelihood of manifesting MSA in Caucasians, but a causal effect relationship could not be demonstrated. Fifteen MAPT mutations were linked with PSP. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an infrequent monogenic mutation of PSP. Dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1) mutations may imitate the PSP phenotype. GWAS have noted many risk loci of PSP (STX6 and EIF2AK3), suggesting pathogenetic mechanisms related to PSP. Despite the limited evidence, it seems that genetics influence the susceptibility to MSA and PSP. MAPT mutations result in the MSA and PSP pathologies. Further studies are crucial to elucidate the pathogeneses of MSA and PSP, which will support efforts to develop novel drug options.
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26
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Scotton WJ, Shand C, Todd E, Bocchetta M, Cash DM, VandeVrede L, Heuer H, Young AL, Oxtoby N, Alexander DC, Rowe JB, Morris HR, Boxer AL, Rohrer JD, Wijeratne PA. Uncovering spatiotemporal patterns of atrophy in progressive supranuclear palsy using unsupervised machine learning. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad048. [PMID: 36938523 PMCID: PMC10016410 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand the pathological and phenotypic heterogeneity of progressive supranuclear palsy and the links between the two, we applied a novel unsupervised machine learning algorithm (Subtype and Stage Inference) to the largest MRI data set to date of people with clinically diagnosed progressive supranuclear palsy (including progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson and variant progressive supranuclear palsy syndromes). Our cohort is comprised of 426 progressive supranuclear palsy cases, of which 367 had at least one follow-up scan, and 290 controls. Of the progressive supranuclear palsy cases, 357 were clinically diagnosed with progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson, 52 with a progressive supranuclear palsy-cortical variant (progressive supranuclear palsy-frontal, progressive supranuclear palsy-speech/language, or progressive supranuclear palsy-corticobasal), and 17 with a progressive supranuclear palsy-subcortical variant (progressive supranuclear palsy-parkinsonism or progressive supranuclear palsy-progressive gait freezing). Subtype and Stage Inference was applied to volumetric MRI features extracted from baseline structural (T1-weighted) MRI scans and then used to subtype and stage follow-up scans. The subtypes and stages at follow-up were used to validate the longitudinal consistency of subtype and stage assignments. We further compared the clinical phenotypes of each subtype to gain insight into the relationship between progressive supranuclear palsy pathology, atrophy patterns, and clinical presentation. The data supported two subtypes, each with a distinct progression of atrophy: a 'subcortical' subtype, in which early atrophy was most prominent in the brainstem, ventral diencephalon, superior cerebellar peduncles, and the dentate nucleus, and a 'cortical' subtype, in which there was early atrophy in the frontal lobes and the insula alongside brainstem atrophy. There was a strong association between clinical diagnosis and the Subtype and Stage Inference subtype with 82% of progressive supranuclear palsy-subcortical cases and 81% of progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson cases assigned to the subcortical subtype and 82% of progressive supranuclear palsy-cortical cases assigned to the cortical subtype. The increasing stage was associated with worsening clinical scores, whilst the 'subcortical' subtype was associated with worse clinical severity scores compared to the 'cortical subtype' (progressive supranuclear palsy rating scale and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale). Validation experiments showed that subtype assignment was longitudinally stable (95% of scans were assigned to the same subtype at follow-up) and individual staging was longitudinally consistent with 90% remaining at the same stage or progressing to a later stage at follow-up. In summary, we applied Subtype and Stage Inference to structural MRI data and empirically identified two distinct subtypes of spatiotemporal atrophy in progressive supranuclear palsy. These image-based subtypes were differentially enriched for progressive supranuclear palsy clinical syndromes and showed different clinical characteristics. Being able to accurately subtype and stage progressive supranuclear palsy patients at baseline has important implications for screening patients on entry to clinical trials, as well as tracking disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Scotton
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Cameron Shand
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Emily Todd
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Martina Bocchetta
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Lawren VandeVrede
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hilary Heuer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alexandra L Young
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Neil Oxtoby
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Daniel C Alexander
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - James B Rowe
- Cambridge University Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Movement Disorders Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Peter A Wijeratne
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
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27
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Pathomechanisms of cognitive impairment in progressive supranuclear palsy. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:481-493. [PMID: 36862189 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02613-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early postural instability and falls, oculomotor dysfunction (vertical supranuclear gaze palsy), parkinsonism with poor response to levodopa, pseudobulbar palsy, and cognitive impairment. This four-repeat tauopathy is morphologically featured by accumulation of tau protein in neurons and glia causing neuronal loss and gliosis in the extrapyramidal system associated with cortical atrophy and white matter lesions. Cognitive impairment being frequent in PSP and more severe than in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson disease, is dominated by executive dysfunction, with milder difficulties in memory, and visuo-spatial and naming dysfunctions. Showing longitudinal decline, it has been related to a variety of pathogenic mechanisms associated with the underlying neurodegenerative process, such as involvement of cholinergic and muscarinergic dysfunctions, and striking tau pathology in frontal and temporal cortical regions associated with reduced synaptic density. Altered striatofrontal, fronto-cerebellar, parahippocampal, and multiple subcortical structures, as well as widespread white matter lesions causing extensive connectivity disruptions in cortico-subcortical and cortico-brainstem connections, support the concept that PSP is a brain network disruption disorder. The pathophysiology and pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in PSP, as in other degenerative movement disorders, are complex and deserve further elucidation as a basis for adequate treatment to improve the quality of life of patients with this fatal disease.
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28
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New insights from a multi-ethnic Asian progressive supranuclear palsy cohort. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 108:105296. [PMID: 36682278 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare, disabling, neurodegenerative disease, with few studies done in Asian populations. METHODS We prospectively characterized the clinical features and disease burden in a consecutively-recruited multi-ethnic Asian PSP cohort. Patients were extensively phenotyped using the Movement Disorder Society (MDS-PSP) clinical diagnostic criteria and the PSP-Clinical Deficits Scale (PSP-CDS). Caregiver burden was measured using the modified Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Investigations (neuroimaging and genetic tests) were reviewed. RESULTS There were 104 patients (64.4% male; 67.3% Chinese, 21.2% Indians, 9.6% Malays), consisting of 48.1% Richardson syndrome (PSP-RS), 37.5% parkinsonian phenotype (PSP-P), and 10.6% progressive gait freezing phenotype (PSP-PGF). Mean age at motor onset was 66.3 ± 7.7 years, with no significant differences between the PSP phenotypes. Interestingly, REM-sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) symptoms and visual hallucinations (considered rare in PSP) were reported in 23.5% and 22.8% of patients, respectively, and a family history of possible neurodegenerative or movement disorder in 20.4%. PSP-CDS scores were highest (worst) in PSP-RS; and correlated moderately with disease duration (rs = 0.45, P < 0.001) and weakly with caregiver burden (rs = 0.22, P = 0.029) in the overall cohort. Three of 48 (6.3%) patients who had whole-exome sequencing harboured pathogenic/likely pathogenic GBA variants. CONCLUSIONS Significant heterogeneity in clinical features and disease burden, and high rates of RBD symptoms, visual hallucinations, and familial involvement were observed in this relatively large cohort. Our findings highlight important considerations when assessing Asian patients, and provide further support for the notion of overlapping neurobiology between PSP and Lewy body disorders.
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Mata I, Salles P, Cornejo-Olivas M, Saffie P, Ross OA, Reed X, Bandres-Ciga S. LRRK2: Genetic mechanisms vs genetic subtypes. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 193:133-154. [PMID: 36803807 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85555-6.00018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In 2004, the identification of pathogenic variants in the LRRK2 gene across several families with autosomal dominant late-onset Parkinson's disease (PD) revolutionized our understanding of the role of genetics in PD. Previous beliefs that genetics in PD was limited to rare early-onset or familial forms of the disease were quickly dispelled. Currently, we recognize LRRK2 p.G2019S as the most common genetic cause of both sporadic and familial PD, with more than 100,000 affected carriers across the globe. The frequency of LRRK2 p.G2019S is also highly variable across populations, with some regions of Asian or Latin America reporting close to 0%, contrasting to Ashkenazi Jews or North African Berbers reporting up to 13% and 40%, respectively. Patients with LRRK2 pathogenic variants are clinically and pathologically heterogeneous, highlighting the age-related variable penetrance that also characterizes LRRK2-related disease. Indeed, the majority of patients with LRRK2-related disease are characterized by a relatively mild Parkinsonism with less motor symptoms with variable presence of α-synuclein and/or tau aggregates, with pathologic pleomorphism widely described. At a functional cellular level, it is likely that pathogenic variants mediate a toxic gain-of-function of the LRRK2 protein resulting in increased kinase activity perhaps in a cell-specific manner; by contrast, some LRRK2 variants appear to be protective reducing PD risk by decreasing the kinase activity. Therefore, employing this information to define appropriate patient populations for clinical trials of targeted kinase LRRK2 inhibition strategies is very promising and demonstrates a potential future application for PD using precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Mata
- Genomic Medicine Institute (GMI), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
| | - Philippe Salles
- Corporación Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Lo Espejo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Paula Saffie
- Corporación Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Lo Espejo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Xylena Reed
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sara Bandres-Ciga
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Xie T, Wills AM, Liao C, Dale ML, Ramsden DB, Padmanaban M, Abou Chaar W, Pantelyat A, Golbe LI. Using Downgaze Palsy Progression Rate to Model Survival in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Richardson Syndrome. Mov Disord 2023; 38:304-312. [PMID: 36573662 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid development of downgaze palsy, the most specific symptom of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), has been associated with shorter survival in small studies. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the progression rate of downgaze palsy and other disease features could predict survival if assessed soon after the onset of downgaze palsy in a large data set. METHODS We used a longitudinal database of 414 patients with probable PSP-Richardson syndrome from 1994 to 2020. The data set comprised demographics and, for each visit, 28 PSP Rating Scale (PSPRS) items and PSP stage scores. We calculated the rate of progression of each PSPRS item as its item score when the downgaze item first reached 1 or more (on a 0-4 scale) divided by disease duration at that point. Multivariate Cox regression was applied to identify variables independently associated with survival. We also explored the progression pattern of total PSPRS and downgaze palsy scores with disease course. RESULTS Independently associated with shorter survival were older onset age and faster progression of downgaze palsy, dysphagia for liquids, difficulty in returning to seat, and PSP stage. Patients with survival duration within 1 year of the median survival (6.58 years) showed approximately linear progression of the PSPRS score and downgaze palsy score during years 2 through 6 of the disease course. CONCLUSIONS Older onset age and faster progression of downgaze palsy and several axial features are associated with shorter survival. The disease typically progresses in approximately linear fashion during years 2 through 6. These results may aid study design and patient counseling. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Wills
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chuanhong Liao
- Biostatistics Laboratory, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marian L Dale
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - David B Ramsden
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research of Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mahesh Padmanaban
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Widad Abou Chaar
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander Pantelyat
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lawrence I Golbe
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Bonet-Ponce L, Cookson MR. The endoplasmic reticulum contributes to lysosomal tubulation/sorting driven by LRRK2. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar124. [PMID: 36044336 PMCID: PMC9634967 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-04-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are dynamic organelles that can remodel their membrane as an adaptive response to various cell signaling events including membrane damage. Recently, we have discovered that damaged lysosomes form and sort tubules into moving vesicles. We named this process LYTL for LYsosomal Tubulation/sorting driven by LRRK2, as the Parkinson's disease protein LRRK2 promotes tubulation by recruiting the motor adaptor protein JIP4 to lysosomes via phosphorylated RAB proteins. Here we use spinning-disk microscopy combined with superresolution to further characterize LYTL after membrane damage with LLOMe (l-leucyl-l-leucine methyl ester). We identified the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) colocalizing with sites of fission of lysosome-derived tubules. In addition, modifying the morphology of the ER by reducing ER tubules leads to a decrease in LYTL sorting, suggesting that contact with tubular ER is necessary for lysosomal membrane sorting. Given the central roles of LRRK2 and lysosomal biology in Parkinson's disease, these discoveries are likely relevant to disease pathology and highlight interactions between organelles in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Bonet-Ponce
- Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,*Address correspondence to: Mark R. Cookson (); Luis Bonet-Ponce ()
| | - Mark R. Cookson
- Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,*Address correspondence to: Mark R. Cookson (); Luis Bonet-Ponce ()
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Pantelyat A. Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2022; 28:1364-1378. [DOI: 10.1212/con.0000000000001158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Herbst S, Lewis P, Morris H. The emerging role of LRRK2 in tauopathies. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1071-1079. [PMID: 35815712 PMCID: PMC9274527 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is conventionally described as an α-synuclein aggregation disorder, defined by Lewy bodies and neurites, and mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common autosomal dominant cause of PD. However, LRRK2 mutations may be associated with diverse pathologies in patients with Parkinson's syndrome including tau pathology resembling progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The recent discovery that variation at the LRRK2 locus is associated with the progression of PSP highlights the potential importance of LRRK2 in tauopathies. Here, we review the emerging evidence and discuss the potential impact of LRRK2 dysfunction on tau aggregation, lysosomal function, and endocytosis and exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Herbst
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, U.K
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, U.K
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, U.S.A
| | - Patrick A. Lewis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, U.K
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, U.K
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, U.S.A
| | - Huw R. Morris
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, U.S.A
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, U.K
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Genetics of progressive supranuclear palsy in a Chinese population. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 172:105819. [PMID: 35842134 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetics plays an important role in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and remains poorly understood. A detailed literature search identified 19 PSP-associated genes: MAPT, LRRK2, LRP10, DCTN1, GRN, NPC1, PARK, TARDBP, TBK1, BSN, GBA, STX6, EIF2AK3, MOBP, DUSP10, SLCO1A2, RUNX2, CXCR4, and APOE. To date, genetic studies on PSP have focused on Caucasian population. The gaps in PSP genetic study on East Asian populations need to be filled. METHODS Exon and flanking regions of the PSP-associated genes were sequenced in 104 patients with PSP and 488 healthy controls. Common variant-based association analysis and gene-based association tests of rare variants were performed using PLINK 1.9 and the sequence kernel association test-optimal, respectively. Additionally, the association of APOE and MAPT genotypes with PSP was evaluated. The above association analyses were repeated among probable PSP patients. Finally, PLINK 1.9 was used to test variants associated with the onset age of PSP. RESULTS A rare non-pathogenic variant of MAPT (c.425C > T,p.A142V) was detected in a PSP patient. No common variants were significantly associated with PSP. In both the rare-variant and the rare-damaging-variant groups, the combined effect for GBA reached statistical significance (p = 1.43 × 10-3, p = 4.98 × 10-4). The result between APOE, MAPT genotypes and PSP risk were inconsistent across all PSP group and probably PSP group. CONCLUSIONS The pathogenic variant in MAPT were uncommon in PSP patients. Moreover, GBA gene was likely to increase the risk of PSP, and GBA-associated diseases were beyond α-synucleinopathies. The association between APOE, MAPT and PSP is still unclear among the non-Caucasian population.
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Lewis PA. A step forward for LRRK2 inhibitors in Parkinson's disease. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabq7374. [PMID: 35675432 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq7374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A phase 1 clinical trial for kinase inhibitors targeting LRRK2 provides the foundation for testing the efficacy of LRRK2 kinase inhibitors in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Lewis
- Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK.,UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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36
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Kluss JH, Lewis PA, Greggio E. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2): an update on the potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:537-546. [PMID: 35642531 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2082937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AREAS COVERED In this review, we will provide an update on the current status of drugs and other technologies that have emerged in recent years and provide an overview of their efficacy in ameliorating LRRK2 kinase activity and overall safety in animal models and humans. EXPERT OPINION The growth of both target discovery and innovative drug design has sparked a lot of excitement for the future of how we treat Parkinson's disease. Given the immense focus on LRRK2 as a therapeutic target, it is expected within the next decade to determine its therapeutic properties, or lack thereof, for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian H Kluss
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK.,Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick A Lewis
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Centro Studi per la Neurodegenerazione (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Li C, Hou Y, Ou R, Gu X, Chen Y, Zhang L, Liu K, Lin J, Cao B, Wei Q, Chen X, Song W, Zhao B, Wu Y, Cui Y, Shang H. Genetic Determinants of Survival in Parkinson's Disease in the Asian Population. Mov Disord 2022; 37:1624-1633. [PMID: 35616254 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. Genetic variation was shown to play a role in the heterogeneity of survival for patients with PD, although the underlying genetic background remains poorly studied. OBJECTIVE The aim was to explore the genetic determinants influencing the survival of PD. METHODS We performed a genome-wide association analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model in a longitudinal cohort of 1080 Chinese patients with PD. Furthermore, we built a clinical-genetic model to predict the survival of patients using clinical variables combined with polygenic risk score (PRS) of survival of PD. RESULTS The cohort was followed up for an average of 7.13 years, with 85 incidents of death. One locus rs12628329 (RPL3) was significantly associated with reduced survival time by ~10.8 months (P = 2.72E-08, β = 1.79, standard error = 0.32). Functional exploration suggested this variant could upregulate the expression of RPL3 and induce apoptosis and cell death. In addition, adding PRS of survival in the prediction model substantially improved survival predictability (concordance index [Cindex]: 0.936) compared with the clinical model (Cindex: 0.860). CONCLUSIONS These findings improve the current understanding of the genetic cause of survival of PD and provide a novel target RPL3 for further research on PD pathogenesis and potential therapeutic options. Our results also demonstrate the potential utility of PRS of survival in identifying patients with shorter survival and providing personalized clinical monitoring and treatment. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuncheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiyuan Cui
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang Y, Wu KM, Yang L, Dong Q, Yu JT. Tauopathies: new perspectives and challenges. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:28. [PMID: 35392986 PMCID: PMC8991707 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tauopathies are a class of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by neuronal and/or glial tau-positive inclusions. MAIN BODY Clinically, tauopathies can present with a range of phenotypes that include cognitive/behavioral-disorders, movement disorders, language disorders and non-specific amnestic symptoms in advanced age. Pathologically, tauopathies can be classified based on the predominant tau isoforms that are present in the inclusion bodies (i.e., 3R, 4R or equal 3R:4R ratio). Imaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood-based tau biomarkers have the potential to be used as a routine diagnostic strategy and in the evaluation of patients with tauopathies. As tauopathies are strongly linked neuropathologically and genetically to tau protein abnormalities, there is a growing interest in pursuing of tau-directed therapeutics for the disorders. Here we synthesize emerging lessons on tauopathies from clinical, pathological, genetic, and experimental studies toward a unified concept of these disorders that may accelerate the therapeutics. CONCLUSIONS Since tauopathies are still untreatable diseases, efforts have been made to depict clinical and pathological characteristics, identify biomarkers, elucidate underlying pathogenesis to achieve early diagnosis and develop disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Kai-Min Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
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Russo I, Bubacco L, Greggio E. LRRK2 as a target for modulating immune system responses. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 169:105724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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LRRK2 at Striatal Synapses: Cell-Type Specificity and Mechanistic Insights. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010169. [PMID: 35011731 PMCID: PMC8750662 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause Parkinson’s disease with a similar clinical presentation and progression to idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, and common variation is linked to disease risk. Recapitulation of the genotype in rodent models causes abnormal dopamine release and increases the susceptibility of dopaminergic neurons to insults, making LRRK2 a valuable model for understanding the pathobiology of Parkinson’s disease. It is also a promising druggable target with targeted therapies currently in development. LRRK2 mRNA and protein expression in the brain is highly variable across regions and cellular identities. A growing body of work has demonstrated that pathogenic LRRK2 mutations disrupt striatal synapses before the onset of overt neurodegeneration. Several substrates and interactors of LRRK2 have been identified to potentially mediate these pre-neurodegenerative changes in a cell-type-specific manner. This review discusses the effects of pathogenic LRRK2 mutations in striatal neurons, including cell-type-specific and pathway-specific alterations. It also highlights several LRRK2 effectors that could mediate the alterations to striatal function, including Rabs and protein kinase A. The lessons learned from improving our understanding of the pathogenic effects of LRRK2 mutations in striatal neurons will be applicable to both dissecting the cell-type specificity of LRRK2 function in the transcriptionally diverse subtypes of dopaminergic neurons and also increasing our understanding of basal ganglia development and biology. Finally, it will inform the development of therapeutics for Parkinson’s disease.
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The Roc domain of LRRK2 as a hub for protein-protein interactions: a focus on PAK6 and its impact on RAB phosphorylation. Brain Res 2022; 1778:147781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Bäckström D, Granåsen G, Mo SJ, Riklund K, Trupp M, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Forsgren L, Domellöf ME. OUP accepted manuscript. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac040. [PMID: 35350553 PMCID: PMC8947320 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of cognitive decline is heterogeneous in the three most common idiopathic parkinsonian diseases: Parkinson disease, multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy. The causes for this heterogeneity are not fully understood, and there are no validated biomarkers that can accurately identify patients who will develop dementia and when. In this population-based, prospective study, comprehensive neuropsychological testing was performed repeatedly in new-onset, idiopathic parkinsonism. Dementia was diagnosed until 10 years and participants (N = 210) were deeply phenotyped by multimodal clinical, biochemical, genetic and brain imaging measures. At baseline, before the start of dopaminergic treatment, mild cognitive impairment was prevalent in 43.4% of the patients with Parkinson disease, 23.1% of the patients with multiple system atrophy and 77.8% of the patients with progressive supranuclear palsy. Longitudinally, all three diseases had a higher incidence of cognitive decline compared with healthy controls, but the types and severity of cognitive dysfunctions differed. In Parkinson disease, psychomotor speed and attention showed signs of improvement after dopaminergic treatment, while no such improvement was seen in other diseases. The 10-year cumulative probability of dementia was 54% in Parkinson disease and 71% in progressive supranuclear palsy, while there were no cases of dementia in multiple system atrophy. An easy-to-use, multivariable model that predicts the risk of dementia in Parkinson disease within 10 years with high accuracy (area under the curve: 0.86, P < 0.001) was developed. The optimized model adds CSF biomarkers to four easily measurable clinical features at baseline (mild cognitive impairment, olfactory function, motor disease severity and age). The model demonstrates a highly variable but predictable risk of dementia in Parkinson disease, e.g. a 9% risk within 10 years in a patient with normal cognition and CSF amyloid-β42 in the highest tertile, compared with an 85% risk in a patient with mild cognitive impairment and CSF amyloid-β42 in the lowest tertile. Only small or no associations with cognitive decline were found for factors that could be easily modifiable (such as thyroid dysfunction). Risk factors for cognitive decline in multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy included signs of systemic inflammation and eye movement abnormalities. The predictive model has high accuracy in Parkinson disease and might be used for the selection of patients into clinical trials or as an aid to improve the prevention of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bäckström
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Correspondence to: David Bäckström Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences Umeå University, Section of Neurology Norrlands Universitetssjukhus Umeå, Sweden E-mail:
| | - Gabriel Granåsen
- Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Susanna Jakobson Mo
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Miles Trupp
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars Forsgren
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Briel N, Ruf VC, Pratsch K, Roeber S, Widmann J, Mielke J, Dorostkar MM, Windl O, Arzberger T, Herms J, Struebing FL. Single-nucleus chromatin accessibility profiling highlights distinct astrocyte signatures in progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:615-635. [PMID: 35976433 PMCID: PMC9468099 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) exhibit characteristic neuronal and glial inclusions of hyperphosphorylated Tau (pTau). Although the astrocytic pTau phenotype upon neuropathological examination is the most guiding feature in distinguishing both diseases, regulatory mechanisms controlling their transitions into disease-specific states are poorly understood to date. Here, we provide accessible chromatin data of more than 45,000 single nuclei isolated from the frontal cortex of PSP, CBD, and control individuals. We found a strong association of disease-relevant molecular changes with astrocytes and demonstrate that tauopathy-relevant genetic risk variants are tightly linked to astrocytic chromatin accessibility profiles in the brains of PSP and CBD patients. Unlike the established pathogenesis in the secondary tauopathy Alzheimer disease, microglial alterations were relatively sparse. Transcription factor (TF) motif enrichments in pseudotime as well as modeling of the astrocytic TF interplay suggested a common pTau signature for CBD and PSP that is reminiscent of an inflammatory immediate-early response. Nonetheless, machine learning models also predicted discriminatory features, and we observed marked differences in molecular entities related to protein homeostasis between both diseases. Predicted TF involvement was supported by immunofluorescence analyses in postmortem brain tissue for their highly correlated target genes. Collectively, our data expand the current knowledge on risk gene involvement (e.g., MAPT, MAPK8, and NFE2L2) and molecular pathways leading to the phenotypic changes associated with CBD and PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Briel
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,Munich Medical Research School, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Bavariaring 19, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Viktoria C. Ruf
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Pratsch
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrun Roeber
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jeannine Widmann
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Janina Mielke
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mario M. Dorostkar
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Otto Windl
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Herms
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Felix L. Struebing
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig–Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377 Munich, Germany ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
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44
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Farrell K, Kim S, Han N, Iida MA, Gonzalez EM, Otero-Garcia M, Walker JM, Richardson TE, Renton AE, Andrews SJ, Fulton-Howard B, Humphrey J, Vialle RA, Bowles KR, de Paiva Lopes K, Whitney K, Dangoor DK, Walsh H, Marcora E, Hefti MM, Casella A, Sissoko CT, Kapoor M, Novikova G, Udine E, Wong G, Tang W, Bhangale T, Hunkapiller J, Ayalon G, Graham RR, Cherry JD, Cortes EP, Borukov VY, McKee AC, Stein TD, Vonsattel JP, Teich AF, Gearing M, Glass J, Troncoso JC, Frosch MP, Hyman BT, Dickson DW, Murray ME, Attems J, Flanagan ME, Mao Q, Mesulam MM, Weintraub S, Woltjer RL, Pham T, Kofler J, Schneider JA, Yu L, Purohit DP, Haroutunian V, Hof PR, Gandy S, Sano M, Beach TG, Poon W, Kawas CH, Corrada MM, Rissman RA, Metcalf J, Shuldberg S, Salehi B, Nelson PT, Trojanowski JQ, Lee EB, Wolk DA, McMillan CT, Keene CD, Latimer CS, Montine TJ, Kovacs GG, Lutz MI, Fischer P, Perrin RJ, Cairns NJ, Franklin EE, Cohen HT, Raj T, Cobos I, Frost B, Goate A, White Iii CL, Crary JF. Genome-wide association study and functional validation implicates JADE1 in tauopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 143:33-53. [PMID: 34719765 PMCID: PMC8786260 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) is a neurodegenerative pathology with features distinct from but also overlapping with Alzheimer disease (AD). While both exhibit Alzheimer-type temporal lobe neurofibrillary degeneration alongside amnestic cognitive impairment, PART develops independently of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. The pathogenesis of PART is not known, but evidence suggests an association with genes that promote tau pathology and others that protect from Aβ toxicity. Here, we performed a genetic association study in an autopsy cohort of individuals with PART (n = 647) using Braak neurofibrillary tangle stage as a quantitative trait. We found some significant associations with candidate loci associated with AD (SLC24A4, MS4A6A, HS3ST1) and progressive supranuclear palsy (MAPT and EIF2AK3). Genome-wide association analysis revealed a novel significant association with a single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 4 (rs56405341) in a locus containing three genes, including JADE1 which was significantly upregulated in tangle-bearing neurons by single-soma RNA-seq. Immunohistochemical studies using antisera targeting JADE1 protein revealed localization within tau aggregates in autopsy brains with four microtubule-binding domain repeats (4R) isoforms and mixed 3R/4R, but not with 3R exclusively. Co-immunoprecipitation in post-mortem human PART brain tissue revealed a specific binding of JADE1 protein to four repeat tau lacking N-terminal inserts (0N4R). Finally, knockdown of the Drosophila JADE1 homolog rhinoceros (rno) enhanced tau-induced toxicity and apoptosis in vivo in a humanized 0N4R mutant tau knock-in model, as quantified by rough eye phenotype and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) in the fly brain. Together, these findings indicate that PART has a genetic architecture that partially overlaps with AD and other tauopathies and suggests a novel role for JADE1 as a modifier of neurofibrillary degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Farrell
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - SoongHo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalia Han
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan A Iida
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elias M Gonzalez
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, the Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Marcos Otero-Garcia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Neuropathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jamie M Walker
- Department of Pathology and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Timothy E Richardson
- Department of Pathology and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alan E Renton
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shea J Andrews
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian Fulton-Howard
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jack Humphrey
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo A Vialle
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn R Bowles
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katia de Paiva Lopes
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristen Whitney
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana K Dangoor
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hadley Walsh
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edoardo Marcora
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco M Hefti
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alicia Casella
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheick T Sissoko
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manav Kapoor
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gloriia Novikova
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Udine
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Garrett Wong
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weijing Tang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Tushar Bhangale
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julie Hunkapiller
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gai Ayalon
- Neumora Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan D Cherry
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), VA Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Etty P Cortes
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valeriy Y Borukov
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), VA Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), VA Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Vonsattel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andy F Teich
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology) and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan Glass
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology) and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Johannes Attems
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Margaret E Flanagan
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M-Marsel Mesulam
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Randy L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Thao Pham
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Departments of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Departments of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dushyant P Purohit
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Department of Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA
| | - Wayne Poon
- Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Claudia H Kawas
- Department of Neurology, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - María M Corrada
- Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jeff Metcalf
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sara Shuldberg
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Bahar Salehi
- Department of Neurosciences University of California and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of f Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Caitlin S Latimer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of f Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of f Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mirjam I Lutz
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, Danube Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Erin E Franklin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Herbert T Cohen
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Towfique Raj
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inma Cobos
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Bess Frost
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, the Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Alison Goate
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles L White Iii
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1194, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Nash Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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45
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LRRK2 signaling in neurodegeneration: two decades of progress. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:859-872. [PMID: 34897411 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a complex GTPase/kinase orchestrating cytoskeletal dynamics and multiple steps of the endolysosomal pathway through interaction with a host of partners and phosphorylation of a subset of Rab GTPases. Mutations in LRRK2 cause late-onset Parkinson's disease (PD) and common variants in the locus containing LRRK2 have been associated with sporadic PD, progressive supranuclear palsy as well as a number of inflammatory diseases. This review encompasses the major discoveries in the field of LRRK2 pathobiology, from the initial gene cloning to the latest progress in LRRK2 inhibition as a promising therapeutic approach to fight neurodegeneration.
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Xie T, Yuen CA, Kang W, Padmanaban M, Hain TC, Nichols J. Severity of Downgaze Palsy in the Context of Disease Duration Could Estimate Survival Duration in Patients With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Front Neurol 2021; 12:736784. [PMID: 34650511 PMCID: PMC8505535 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.736784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is an unmet need to estimate survival duration for patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with the survival duration in patients with PSP. We followed up 23 patients with probable PSP-RS (Richardson syndrome) or PSP-P (parkinsonism) in our PSP center until death from 2011 to 2019. We prospectively and quantitatively rated their downgaze palsy whenever first noticed in our clinic. This was utilized along with the disease duration, motor function, medication use for parkinsonism, sex, age at onset of PSP, comorbid pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, and the total survival duration from the onset of PSP to death for prediction analysis. A well-fitted linear regression model and a multivariant Cox model were applied to identify predicting factors for total survival duration. All patients had the specific hummingbird sign on brain MRI for PSP when downgaze palsy was documented. We found that the severity of downgaze palsy and the disease duration at the assessment were consistently correlated with the total survival duration in both models. The total survival duration could be further estimated by a formed regression equation. We conclude that severity and time to develop downgaze palsy could help to estimate the total survival duration in patients with probable PSP-RS and PSP-P, the major forms of PSP, which has significant clinical applications in clinical counseling and trial enrollment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Carlen A Yuen
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wenjun Kang
- Center of Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mahesh Padmanaban
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Timothy C Hain
- Chicago Dizziness and Hearing, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey Nichols
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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47
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de Boer SCM, Riedl L, van der Lee SJ, Otto M, Anderl-Straub S, Landin-Romero R, Sorrentino F, Fieldhouse JLP, Reus LM, Vacaflor B, Halliday G, Galimberti D, Diehl-Schmid J, Ducharme S, Piguet O, Pijnenburg YAL. Differences in Sex Distribution Between Genetic and Sporadic Frontotemporal Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:1153-1161. [PMID: 34633319 PMCID: PMC8673542 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Reported sex distributions differ between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) cohorts. Possible explanations are the evolving clinical criteria of FTD and its subtypes and the discovery of FTD causal genetic mutations that has resulted in varying demographics. Objective: Our aim was to determine the sex distribution of sporadic and genetic FTD cases and its subtypes in an international cohort. Methods: We included 910 patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD; n = 654), non-fluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA; n = 99), semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA; n = 117), and right temporal variant frontotemporal dementia (rtvFTD; n = 40). We compared sex distribution between genetic and sporadic FTD using χ2-tests. Results: The genetic FTD group consisted of 51.2% males, which did not differ from sporadic FTD (57.8% male, p = 0.08). In the sporadic bvFTD subgroup, males were predominant in contrast to genetic bvFTD (61.6% versus 52.9% males, p = 0.04). In the other clinical FTD subgroups, genetic cases were underrepresented and within the sporadic cases the sex distribution was somewhat equal. Conclusion: The higher male prevalence in sporadic bvFTD may provide important clues for its differential pathogenesis and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sterre C M de Boer
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lina Riedl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Ramon Landin-Romero
- School of Psychology, and Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Federica Sorrentino
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Jay L P Fieldhouse
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne M Reus
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Blanca Vacaflor
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Glenda Halliday
- School of Medical Sciences, and Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Janine Diehl-Schmid
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Ducharme
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Piguet
- School of Psychology, and Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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48
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Stamelou M, Respondek G, Giagkou N, Whitwell JL, Kovacs GG, Höglinger GU. Evolving concepts in progressive supranuclear palsy and other 4-repeat tauopathies. Nat Rev Neurol 2021; 17:601-620. [PMID: 34426686 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-021-00541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies are classified according to whether tau deposits predominantly contain tau isoforms with three or four repeats of the microtubule-binding domain. Those in which four-repeat (4R) tau predominates are known as 4R-tauopathies, and include progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, argyrophilic grain disease, globular glial tauopathies and conditions associated with specific MAPT mutations. In these diseases, 4R-tau deposits are found in various cell types and anatomical regions of the brain and the conditions share pathological, pathophysiological and clinical characteristics. Despite being considered 'prototype' tauopathies and, therefore, ideal for studying neuroprotective agents, 4R-tauopathies are still severe and untreatable diseases for which no validated biomarkers exist. However, advances in research have addressed the issues of phenotypic overlap, early clinical diagnosis, pathophysiology and identification of biomarkers, setting a road map towards development of treatments. New clinical criteria have been developed and large cohorts with early disease are being followed up in prospective studies. New clinical trial readouts are emerging and biomarker research is focused on molecular pathways that have been identified. Lessons learned from failed trials of neuroprotective drugs are being used to design new trials. In this Review, we present an overview of the latest research in 4R-tauopathies, with a focus on progressive supranuclear palsy, and discuss how current evidence dictates ongoing and future research goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Dept, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece. .,European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. .,Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Gesine Respondek
- Department of Neurology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Giagkou
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Dept, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease (CRND), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine Program and Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
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49
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Chandler R, Cogo S, Lewis P, Kevei E. Modelling the functional genomics of Parkinson's disease in Caenorhabditis elegans: LRRK2 and beyond. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203672. [PMID: 34397087 PMCID: PMC8415217 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, Parkinson's disease (PD) cases have been genetically categorised into familial, when caused by mutations in single genes with a clear inheritance pattern in affected families, or idiopathic, in the absence of an evident monogenic determinant. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed how common genetic variability can explain up to 36% of PD heritability and that PD manifestation is often determined by multiple variants at different genetic loci. Thus, one of the current challenges in PD research stands in modelling the complex genetic architecture of this condition and translating this into functional studies. Caenorhabditis elegans provide a profound advantage as a reductionist, economical model for PD research, with a short lifecycle, straightforward genome engineering and high conservation of PD relevant neural, cellular and molecular pathways. Functional models of PD genes utilising C. elegans show many phenotypes recapitulating pathologies observed in PD. When contrasted with mammalian in vivo and in vitro models, these are frequently validated, suggesting relevance of C. elegans in the development of novel PD functional models. This review will discuss how the nematode C. elegans PD models have contributed to the uncovering of molecular and cellular mechanisms of disease, with a focus on the genes most commonly found as causative in familial PD and risk factors in idiopathic PD. Specifically, we will examine the current knowledge on a central player in both familial and idiopathic PD, Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and how it connects to multiple PD associated GWAS candidates and Mendelian disease-causing genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanna Cogo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AH, U.K
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121, Italy
| | - Patrick A. Lewis
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, NW1 0TU, U.K
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, U.K
| | - Eva Kevei
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AH, U.K
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50
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Lake J, Reed X, Langston RG, Nalls MA, Gan-Or Z, Cookson MR, Singleton AB, Blauwendraat C, Leonard HL. Coding and Noncoding Variation in LRRK2 and Parkinson's Disease Risk. Mov Disord 2021; 37:95-105. [PMID: 34542912 PMCID: PMC9292230 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene harbors both rare highly damaging missense variants (eg, p.G2019S) and common noncoding variants (eg, rs76904798) with lower effect sizes that are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. Objectives This study aimed to investigate in a large meta‐analysis whether the LRRK2 Genome‐Wide Association Study (GWAS) signal represented by rs76904798 is independently associated with PD risk from LRRK2 coding variation and whether complex linkage disequilibrium structures with p.G2019S and the 5′ noncoding haplotype account for the association of LRRK2 coding variants. Methods We performed a meta‐analysis using imputed genotypes from 17,838 patients, 13,404 proxy patients, and 173,639 healthy controls of European ancestry. We excluded carriers of p.G2019S and/or rs76904798 to clarify the role of LRRK2 coding variation in mediating disease risk and excluded carriers of relatively rare LRRK2 coding variants to assess the independence of rs76904798. We also investigated the co‐inheritance of LRRK2 coding variants with p.G2019S, rs76904798, and p.N2081D. Results LRRK2 rs76904798 remained significantly associated with PD after excluding the carriers of relatively rare LRRK2 coding variants. LRRK2 p.R1514Q and p.N2081D were frequently co‐inherited with rs76904798, and the allele distribution of p.S1647T significantly changed among patients after removing rs76904798 carriers. Conclusions These data suggest that the LRRK2 coding variants previously related to PD (p.N551K, p.R1398H, p.M1646T, and p.N2081D) do not drive the 5′ noncoding GWAS signal. These data, however, do not preclude the independent association of the haplotype p.N551K‐p.R1398H and p.M1646T with altered disease risk. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lake
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xylena Reed
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rebekah G Langston
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark R Cookson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hampton L Leonard
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland, USA.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
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