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Trandafir AI, Stanciu M, Albu SE, Stoian VR, Ciofu I, Persu C, Nistor C, Carsote M. Management of Adrenal Cortical Adenomas: Assessment of Bone Status in Patients with (Non-Functioning) Adrenal Incidentalomas. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4244. [PMID: 37445279 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our aim is to analyse the bone profile in adults with (non-functioning) adrenal incidentalomas (AIs), specifically addressing the impact of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). This narrative review, based on a PubMed search from inception to February 2023 (case reports, non-ACS, and other secondary causes of osteoporosis were excluded), included 40 original studies, a total of 3046 patients with female prevalence (female:male ratio of 1921:1125), aged between 20.5 and 95.5 years old. This three decade-based analysis showed that 37 studies provided dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) information; another five studies reports results on bone micro-architecture, including trabecular bone score (TBS), spinal deformity index, and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography; 20 cohorts included data on bone turnover markers (BTMs), while four longitudinal studies followed subjects between 1 and 10.5 years old (surgical versus non-adrenalectomy arms). Post-dexamethasone suppression test (DST) cortisol was inversely associated with bone mineral density (BMD). TBS predicted incidental vertebral fractures (VFx) regardless of BMD, being associated with post-DST cortisol independently of age and BMD. Low BTMs were identified in ACS, but not all studies agreed. An increased prevalence of ACS-related osteoporosis was confirmed in most studies (highest prevalence of 87.5%), as well as of VFx, including in pre-menopause (42.5%), post-menopause (78.6%), and male patients (72.7%) depending on the study, with a 10-fold increased incidental VFx risk up to a 12-fold increased risk after a 2-year follow-up. No specific medication against osteoporosis is indicated in ACS, but adrenalectomy (according to four studies) should be part of the long-term strategy. This bone profile case sample-based study (to our knowledge, one of the largest of its kind) showed that AIs, including the subgroup designated as having ACS, embraces a large panel of osseous complications. The level of evidence remains far from generous; there are still no homogenous results defining ACS and identifying skeletal involvement, which might be a consequence of different investigation clusters underling adrenal and bone assessments over time. However, bone status evaluations and associated therapy decisions remain an essential element of the management of adults with AIs-ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir
- Department of Endocrinology, C.I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology & Carol Davila Doctoral School, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Stanciu
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Simona Elena Albu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & University Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vasile Razvan Stoian
- Department 10-Surgery, General Surgery Department 3, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & University Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Ciofu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Persu
- Department of Urology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Nistor
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & Thoracic Surgery Department, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Emergency University Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & C.I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
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Mohan S, Koo Lin L, Ho TC, Zhang-Nunes S, Patel V, Chang JR. Lateral orbital wall anomaly in a patient with thyroid eye disease. Orbit 2023; 42:94-97. [PMID: 34404314 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2021.1966812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An isolated defect in the lateral orbital wall is an uncommon occurrence, although cases of orbital floor, roof, and medial wall spontaneous dehiscence have been described in the literature. Here, we describe a lateral orbital wall defect in a patient with thyroid eye disease - which may be related to bony remodeling or may represent a rare congenital anomaly. Computed tomography (CT) prior to decompression surgery revealed a defect in the left lateral orbital wall. At the time of orbital decompression, prolapse of buccal fat into the orbit was noted once the subperiosteal plane was entered along the lateral orbital wall in the area of this bony defect. Literature review revealed only a few previous reports of lateral wall abnormalities, including two involving the inferior orbital fissure; one other case was associated with Down syndrome, and other reports consist of sphenoid hypoplasia associated with neurofibromatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukriti Mohan
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lily Koo Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California Davis Health Eye Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Tiffany C Ho
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sandy Zhang-Nunes
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vishal Patel
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jessica R Chang
- USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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3
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Sakellakis M, Flores LJ. Is the glucocorticoid receptor a key player in prostate cancer?: A literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29716. [PMID: 35866830 PMCID: PMC9302310 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids act through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and exert pleiotropic effects in different cancer types. In prostate cancer cells, GR and androgen receptor (AR) share overlapping transcriptomes and cistromes. Under enzalutamide treatment, GR signaling can bypass AR activation and promote castration resistance via the expression of a subset of AR-target genes. However, GR-dependent growth under enhanced antiandrogen inhibition occurs only in a subset of primed cells. On the other hand, glucocorticoids have been used successfully in the treatment of prostate cancer for many years. In the context of AR signaling, GR competes with AR for DNA-binding and has the potential to halt the proliferation rate of prostate cancer cells. Their target genes overlap by <50% and they execute unique functions in vivo. In addition, even when AR and GR upregulate the same transcriptional target gene, the effect might not be identical in magnitude. Besides being able to drive tumor proliferation, GR is also a key player in prostate cancer cell survival. Stimulation of GR activity can undermine the effects of enhanced antiandrogen treatment, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. GR activation in prostate cancer can increase prosurvival gene expression. Identifying the full spectrum of GR activity will inform the optimal use of glucocorticosteroids in prostate cancer. It will also determine the best strategies to target the protumorigenic effects of GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minas Sakellakis
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States
- *Correspondence: Minas Sakellakis, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030 (e-mail: )
| | - Laura Jacqueline Flores
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States
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Al-Hassan S, Attia H, Alomar H, Arafa M, Ali RA. The inhibitory mechanisms of losartan and vitamin D on amiodarone-induced lung inflammation in rats: Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases/activator protein-1. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22923. [PMID: 34590760 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Amiodarone (AMD), an antiarrhythmic drug, is used cautiously due to its lung toxicity that is characterized by alveolar inflammation followed by fatal fibrosis. AMD induces lung inflammation via increasing the alveolar macrophages and disturbing the balance of T-helper-1 (Th1) and Th2 cells cytokines. In this study, the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway in AMD-induced lung inflammation was evaluated. Also, the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of losartan and/or vitamin D were investigated following 7, 14, and 28 days of AMD administration. AMD resulted in lung injury, inflammatory infiltration, and increased pulmonary levels of inflammatory cytokines starting from Week 1 of exposure. A significant increase in serum levels of interleukin-4 along with a significant reduction of interferon-gamma, in addition to strong expression of CD68, were reported after 14 and 28 days of AMD administration reflecting Th1/Th2 cytokines imbalance and the accumulation of alveolar macrophages, respectively. The phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK, p38) and AP-1 was significantly enhanced starting from Week 1 of exposure. Marked expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 and massive deposition of collagen were detected after 28 days reflecting late fibrosis. All these abnormalities were significantly mitigated by vitamin D and its combination with losartan. Losartan alone has less prominent anti-inflammatory effects particularly after 28 days; however, it efficiently prevented late fibrosis. This study concludes that MAPKs/AP-1 pathway is involved in AMD-induced lung inflammation and that vitamin D and/or losartan could be used as a prophylactic agent to prevent AMD-induced lung toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Al-Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pricing and Pharmacoeconomics, Drug Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mansours University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatun Alomar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Arafa
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Erwin J, Enki DG, Woolf AD. Younger people with rheumatoid arthritis are at increased risk of fracture even before age 50 years: a population-based cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1651-1659. [PMID: 33569694 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Less is known about the risk of fracture in people with rheumatoid arthritis aged under 50 than those in older age groups. The study shows that the risk of fracture before age 50 remains significantly higher in those with rheumatoid arthritis than matched controls. This has implications for fracture risk management. INTRODUCTION To determine the risk of first and subsequent fracture occurring before age 50 in people diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) before age 50. METHODS A retrospective observational cohort study of RA cases with matched controls using data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) of adults ≥ 18 years with diagnosis of RA recorded from 1992 to 2016 in the UK. Patients were followed from index date to the first fracture and subsequent fracture. A total of 36,858 cases were each matched to 3 controls. Incidence rates (IR) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) of first and subsequent fractures were calculated. A multivariate Cox's proportional hazards model was used to calculate the risk of first fracture and of subsequent fracture in the presence of different risk factors. RESULTS The IR of first and subsequent fractures at any age is significantly higher in cases than controls for patients with onset of RA at any age. This includes first fractures occurring before age 50 for those diagnosed with RA before this age. In women, the rate of first fracture before age 50 are significantly higher than matched controls (IRR 1.29 CI 1.12-1.49), the IRR for subsequent fracture is higher but not significantly so. For men, the IRRs of first and subsequent fractures below age 50 are also higher but not significantly so. Gender, previous fracture, glucocorticoid prescription, osteoporosis diagnosis, alcohol, smoking, and bisphosphonate prescription have a significant effect on the risk of first fracture at any age for RA patients; all these variables except osteoporosis diagnosis and alcohol have a significant effect on the risk of subsequent fracture and first fractures before age 50. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate an increased risk of first fracture before age 50 in people with RA diagnosed before this age. It is important that patients with RA of all ages are given timely support from the time of diagnosis to protect their bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Erwin
- Research Development & Innovations, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK.
| | - D G Enki
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A D Woolf
- Research Development & Innovations, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
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Kobza AO, Herman D, Papaioannou A, Lau AN, Adachi JD. Understanding and Managing Corticosteroid-Induced Osteoporosis. Open Access Rheumatol 2021; 13:177-190. [PMID: 34239333 PMCID: PMC8259736 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s282606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are effective immunosuppressants used in a wide variety of diseases. Their use results in secondary osteoporosis in about 30–50% of chronic glucocorticoid users. Glucocorticoids cause a rapid decline in bone strength within the first 3–6 months mostly due to increased bone resorption by osteoclasts. This is followed by a more gradual loss of bone partly due to decreased osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis. The loss of bone strength induced by glucocorticoids is not fully captured by bone mineral density measurements. Other tools such as the trabecular bone score and advanced imaging techniques give insight into bone quality; however, these are not used widely in clinical practice. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis should be seen as a widely preventable disease. Currently, only about 15% of chronic glucocorticoid users are receiving optimal care. Glucocorticoids should be prescribed at the lowest dose and shortest duration. All patients should be counselled on lifestyle measures to maintain bone strength including nutrition and weight-bearing exercise. Pharmacological therapy should be considered for all patients at moderate to high risk of fracture as there is evidence for the prevention of bone loss and fractures with a favourable safety profile. Oral bisphosphonates are the current mainstay of therapy, whereas osteoanabolic agents may be considered for those at highest risk of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra O Kobza
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Deena Herman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra Papaioannou
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur N Lau
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Adachi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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7
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Maruyama M, Lin T, Kaminow NI, Thio T, Storaci HW, Pan CC, Yao Z, Takagi M, Goodman SB, Yang YP. The efficacy of core decompression for steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:1441-1451. [PMID: 33095462 PMCID: PMC8204476 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although core decompression (CD) is often performed in the early stage of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), the procedure does not always prevent subsequent deterioration and the effects of CD are not fully clarified. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of CD for steroid-associated ONFH in rabbits. Twelve male and 12 female New Zealand rabbits were injected intramuscularly 20 mg/kg of methylprednisolone once and were divided into the disease control and CD groups. In the disease control group, rabbits had no treatment and were euthanized at 12 weeks postinjection. In the CD group, rabbits underwent left femoral CD at 4 weeks postinjection and were euthanized 8 weeks postoperatively. The left femurs were collected to perform morphological, biomechanical, and histological analysis. Bone mineral density and bone volume fraction in the femoral head in the CD group were significantly higher than in the disease control group. However, no difference in the mechanical strength was observed between the two groups. Histological analysis showed that alkaline phosphatase and CD31 positive cells significantly increased in the males after CD treatment. The number of empty lacunae in the surrounding trabecular bone was significantly higher in the CD group. The current study indicated that CD improved the morphological properties, but did not improve the mechanical strength in the femoral head at early-stage ONFH. These data suggest the need for additional biological, mechanical strategies, and therapeutic windows to improve the outcome of early-stage steroid-associated ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tzuhua Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nicolas I. Kaminow
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Timothy Thio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hunter W. Storaci
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Chi-Chun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michiaki Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yunzhi P. Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA,Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Bayram YE, Eskan MA. A fixed reconstruction of partially edentulous patient with systemic scleroderma: A 4.8-year follow-up case report. Clin Adv Periodontics 2021; 12:159-162. [PMID: 34212516 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is a progressive autoimmune multisystem disease affecting several organs. In the oral cavity, its manifestations include enlarged periodontal ligament, xerostomia, microsomia, alveolar bone loss, and premature teeth loss. A removable prosthesis would not be a treatment option due to loss of hand dexterity, reduced chewing capacity, microsomia, and xerostomia in these patients. Alternatively, implant-supported fixed restorations are a plausible treatment for these patients. However, there is very limited literature showing implant survival rate in patients with SSc for a long follow-up. CASE PRESENTATION A 57-year-old female patient with SSc presented to our clinic. She was diagnosed with SSc 25 years ago. Initial clinical and radiological examination revealed that she showed slight to moderate chronic periodontitis, tooth cavities, remaining tooth tips, and a partial edentulism in the posterior areas. A total of seven implants were placed at different time points. The remaining upper teeth were crowned. At 4.8 years follow-up, the placed implants showed no sign of peri-implant disease. CONCLUSION This case report indicated that 4.8 years of follow-up revealed good oral hygiene and clinically or radiologically no sign of peri-implant disease around the implants in a patient with SSc. Implant-supported fixed restoration could be a viable treatment approach in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeter Eylul Bayram
- Hamidiye Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Eskan
- Clinic Eska, Istanbul, Turkey.,NOVA Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontics, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
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Sharma A, Sharma L, Saini RV, Kumar A, Goyal R. Pinus roxburghii alleviates bone porosity and loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis by regulating estrogen, calcium homeostasis and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB, osteoprotegerin, cathepsin bone markers. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:901-915. [PMID: 33769535 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was aimed to evaluate the potential of hydroalcoholic extract of Pinus roxburghii (PRE) stem bark in post-menopausal osteoporosis and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS In silico docking of the markers was done using AutoDock version 4.2. for molecular targets: receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Cathepsin. Female Wistar rats of bodyweight 200-250 g were employed and surgical ovariectomy (OVX) was performed. PRE was administered at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg whereas standard drug, raloxifene given at 1 mg/kg orally for eight weeks. KEY FINDINGS PRE (20 and 40 µg/mL) significantly increased the cellular proliferation in osteoblastic UMR cell lines 11.58 and 15.09% respectively. Eight weeks after surgical removal of ovaries, a significant bone porosity was confirmed by modulation in bone breaking strength of tibia, lumber, and femur; bone mineral density (BMD), calcium, phosphorus, hydroxyproline levels in OVX group. Treatment with PRE 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly restored the bone loss. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of molecular markers RANK, OPG and cathepsin and histology also confirmed the attenuation of bone loss. The quantification of quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, tannic acid and ascorbic acid was done by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high performance thin layer chromatography. CONCLUSIONS P. roxburghii produced anti-osteoporotic effect possibly due to estrogenic modulation, and improved bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Reena V Saini
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of BT/BI, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Hadjicharalambous C, Alpantaki K, Chatzinikolaidou M. Effects of NSAIDs on pre-osteoblast viability and osteogenic differentiation. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:740. [PMID: 34046094 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in the treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, injuries and after surgery for postoperative pain management. Their use has been associated with impaired bone healing, possibly due to a multifactorial function, which may include inhibition of osteoblast recruitment and differentiation. However, up to date, there is no consensus regarding the impact of NSAIDs on bone-healing. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of five NSAIDs on the cellular functions of mouse MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. Cells were treated with the non-selective COX inhibitors lornoxicam and diclofenac, the COX-2 selective inhibitors parecoxib, meloxicam and paracetamol, as well as steroidal prednisolone at different doses and exposure times. The PrestoBlue™ technique was used to measure cell viability, an enzymatic assay was employed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S mineral staining was used to determine osteogenic differentiation. All drugs had a negative impact on pre-osteoblast cell growth, with the exception of paracetamol. Lornoxicam, diclofenac and meloxicam reduced ALP activity, while the other NSAIDs had no effect and prednisolone strongly increased ALP activity. In contrast, calcium deposits were either unaffected or increased by NSAID treatments but were significantly decreased by prednisolone. These results provide evidence that NSAIDs may adversely affect the viability of mouse pre-osteoblast cells but their actions on the osteogenic differentiation are drug-specific. The direct comparison of the effects of different NSAIDs and prednisolone on pre-osteoblasts may serve to place some NSAIDs in a preferential position for analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapy during bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystalleni Hadjicharalambous
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece.,Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Alpantaki
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Venizeleion General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece.,Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion 70013, Greece
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11
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Deng C, Zhang Q, He P, Zhou B, He K, Sun X, Lei G, Gong T, Zhang Z. Targeted apoptosis of macrophages and osteoclasts in arthritic joints is effective against advanced inflammatory arthritis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2174. [PMID: 33846342 PMCID: PMC8042091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insufficient apoptosis of inflammatory macrophages and osteoclasts (OCs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joints contributes toward the persistent progression of joint inflammation and destruction. Here, we deliver celastrol (CEL) to selectively induce apoptosis of OCs and macrophages in arthritic joints, with enzyme-responsive nanoparticles (termed PRNPs) composed of RGD modified nanoparticles (termed RNPs) covered with cleavable PEG chains. CEL-loaded PRNPs (CEL-PRNPs) dually target OCs and inflammatory macrophages derived from patients with RA via an RGD-αvβ3 integrin interaction after PEG cleavage by matrix metalloprotease 9, leading to increased apoptosis of these cells. In an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model, PRNPs have an arthritic joint-specific distribution and CEL-PRNPs efficiently reduce the number of OCs and inflammatory macrophages within these joints. Additionally, rats with advanced arthritis go into inflammatory remission with bone erosion repair and negligible side effects after CEL-PRNPs treatment. These findings indicate potential for targeting chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in the treatment of advanced inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caifeng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Department of Pathology, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Penghui He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ke He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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12
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Pahk K, Kwon HW, Joung C, Kim S. Stress-Related Amygdala Metabolic Activity Is Associated With Low Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Pilot 18F-FDG PET/CT Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:719265. [PMID: 34475851 PMCID: PMC8406934 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.719265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological stress is associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanism of stress-related brain neural activity with osteoporosis is not fully elucidated. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is an established method to evaluate the metabolic activity of brain amygdala, a region involved in stress. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between metabolic activity of amygdala (AmygA) and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 115 postmenopausal women who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for routine health screening were enrolled in this study. AmygA was defined as the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of amygdala divided by the mean SUV of temporal lobe. The levels of psychological stress were measured using the Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short Form (PWI-SF). RESULTS The participants with osteoporosis exhibited significantly higher AmygA than without osteoporosis (0.81 ± 0.16 vs. 0.61 ± 0.13, p < 0.001). The AmygA value of 0.69 was suggested as an optimal cut-off value to identify participant with osteoporosis (sensitivity; 79.1%, specificity; 83.3%, area under the curve; 0.841, p < 0.001). Furthermore, AmygA showed significant association with osteoporosis in postmenopausal woman by multivariate analysis. Psychological stress scale (PWI-SF) was well correlated with AmygA and AmygA was highest in high stress risk-, intermediate in moderate stress risk-, and lowest in healthy group. CONCLUSIONS AmygA measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT is associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Our results provide the possibility that stress-related neurobiological activity involving amygdala is linked with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Amygdala/diagnostic imaging
- Amygdala/metabolism
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnosis
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/metabolism
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/psychology
- Female
- Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/pharmacokinetics
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/diagnostic imaging
- Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/etiology
- Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/metabolism
- Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/psychology
- Pilot Projects
- Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
- Postmenopause/metabolism
- Postmenopause/psychology
- Republic of Korea
- Stress, Psychological/complications
- Stress, Psychological/diagnostic imaging
- Stress, Psychological/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisoo Pahk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kwon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chanmin Joung
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sungeun Kim,
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13
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Coelho CA, Bordelo JP, Camassa JA, Barros VA, Babo PS, Gomes ME, Reis RL, Azevedo JTDE, Requicha JF, FaÍsca P, Carvalho PP, Viegas CA, Dias IR. Evaluation of hematology, general serum biochemistry, bone turnover markers and bone marrow cytology in a glucocorticoid treated ovariectomized sheep model for osteoporosis research. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20200435. [PMID: 33295580 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic disorder characterized by a loss of bone mass and structure and increasing the risk of fragility fractures, mostly among postmenopausal women. Sheep is a recognized large animal model for osteoporosis research. An experimental group of ewes (3-4 years old) was subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) and weekly glucocorticoid (GC) application for 24 weeks and compared with a sham control group. Blood and bone marrow parameters were analyzed before and 24 weeks after OVX and GC administration. Osteopenia was confirmed through micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis of L4 vertebra in the study end. A statistically significant increase was observed in mean corpuscular volume, mean cell hemoglobin and monocytes and a decrease in red blood count and eosinophils (p<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, magnesium and α1-globulin increased, and creatinine, albumin, sodium and estradiol decreased (p<0.05). A slight decrease of bone formation markers (bone ALP and osteocalcin) and an increase of bone resorption markers (C-terminal telopeptides of collagen type 1 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) were observed, but without statistical significance. This study aims to contribute to better knowledge of sheep as a model for osteoporosis research and the consequences that a performed induction protocol may impose on organic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina A Coelho
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), University Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Campo Grande, 376 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - JoÃo P Bordelo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - JosÉ A Camassa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Vera A Barros
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Pedro S Babo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Gomes
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Jorge T DE Azevedo
- Department of Animal Sciences, ECAV, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,CECAV - Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - JoÃo F Requicha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,CECAV - Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro FaÍsca
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FMV), University Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Campo Grande, 376 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal.,Research Center in Biosciences and Health Technologies, FMV, ULHT, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro P Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University School Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Av. José R. Sousa Fernandes 197, Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal.,CIVG - Vasco da Gama Research Center, EUVG, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Viegas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.,CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isabel R Dias
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.,CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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14
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Lo B, Holm JP, Vester-Andersen MK, Bendtsen F, Vind I, Burisch J. Incidence, Risk Factors and Evaluation of Osteoporosis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Danish Population-Based Inception Cohort With 10 Years of Follow-Up. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:904-914. [PMID: 32016388 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] including Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC] are at risk of developing metabolic bone disease. The aims here were to investigate the screening strategy, incidence and risk factors of osteoporosis in a prospective population-based inception cohort. METHOD Between 2003 and 2004 all incident patients diagnosed with CD and UC in a well-defined Copenhagen area were included and followed until 2015. Data were compared with a control population [at a ratio of 1:20]. Regression models were performed with several covariates. The sensitivity of the Danish registries for osteoporosis was also assessed. RESULTS A total of 513 patients were included [213 CD, 300 UC]. Overall, 338 (66%, CD: 164 [77%], UC: 174 [58%], p < 0.001] patients received ≥ 500 mg corticosteroid within a year, resulting in 781 patient-years at risk of osteoporosis. Of those, only 83 [10.6%] patient-years were followed by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan within the same or the following 2 years.Overall, 73 [14.2%] IBD patients (CD: 31 [14.6%], UC: 42 [14%]) and 680 [6.6%, p < 0.001] controls were diagnosed with osteoporosis during follow-up. The risk of osteoporosis was increased compared to the control population (odds ratio: CD: 2.9 [95% confidence interval: 2.0-4.1], UC: 2.8 [2.1-3.9]). CONCLUSION In this population-based inception cohort, the incidence of osteoporosis was significantly higher compared to a control population. Measurement of bone mineral density is infrequent, especially in patients at high risk of developing osteoporosis. These results demonstrate the need of further awareness of the risk of osteoporosis among IBD patients, and prospective population-based studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby Lo
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Jakob Præst Holm
- Deparment of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marianne Kajbæk Vester-Andersen
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Medical Department, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
| | - Flemming Bendtsen
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ida Vind
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Johan Burisch
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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15
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Sato D, Takahata M, Ota M, Fukuda C, Hasegawa T, Yamamoto T, Amizuka N, Tsuda E, Okada A, Hiruma Y, Fujita R, Iwasaki N. Siglec-15-targeting therapy protects against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis of growing skeleton in juvenile rats. Bone 2020; 135:115331. [PMID: 32217159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatment of juvenile osteoporosis, which is frequently caused by glucocorticoid (GC) therapy, has not been established due to limited data regarding the efficacy and adverse effects of antiresorptive therapies on the growing skeleton. We previously demonstrated that sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15) targeting therapy, which interferes with osteoclast terminal differentiation in the secondary, but not primary, spongiosa, increased bone mass without adverse effects on skeletal growth, whereas bisphosphonate, a first-line treatment for osteoporosis, increased bone mass but impaired long bone growth in healthy growing rats. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of anti-Siglec-15 neutralizing antibody (Ab) therapy against GC-induced osteoporosis in a growing rat model. GC decreased bone mass and deteriorated mechanical properties of bone, due to a disproportionate increase in bone resorption. Both anti-Siglec-15 Ab and alendronate (ALN) showed protective effects against GC-induced bone loss by suppressing bone resorption, which was more pronounced with anti-Siglec-15 Ab treatment, possibly due to a reduced negative impact on bone formation. ALN induced histological abnormalities in the growth plate and morphological abnormalities in the long bone metaphysis but did not cause significant growth retardation. Conversely, anti-Siglec-15 Ab did not show any negative impact on the growth plate and preserved normal osteoclast and chondroclast function at the primary spongiosa. Taken together, these results suggest that anti-Siglec-15 targeting therapy could be a safe and efficacious prophylactic therapy for GC-induced osteoporosis in juvenile patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Ota
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Chie Fukuda
- Specialty Medicine Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Hokkaido University, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomomaya Yamamoto
- Hokkaido University, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Hokkaido University, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Tsuda
- Specialty Medicine Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Okada
- Specialty Medicine Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Hiruma
- Pharmacovigilance Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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16
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Abstract
Drugs may cause bone loss by lowering sex steroid levels (e.g., aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer, GnRH agonists in prostate cancer, or depot medroxyprogestone acetate - DMPA), interfere with vitamin D levels (liver inducing anti-epileptic drugs), or directly by toxic effects on bone cells (chemotherapy, phenytoin, or thiazolidinedions, which diverts mesenchymal stem cells from forming osteoblasts to forming adipocytes). However, besides effects on the mineralized matrix, interactions with collagen and other parts of the unmineralized matrix may decrease bone biomechanical competence in a manner that may not correlate with bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual energy absorptiometry (DXA).Some drugs and drug classes may decrease BMD like the thiazolidinediones and consequently increase fracture risk. Other drugs such as glucocorticoids may decrease BMD, and thus increase fracture risk. However, glucocorticoids may also interfere with the unmineralized matrix leading to an increase in fracture risk, not mirrored in BMD changes. Some drugs such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), paracetamol, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may not per se be associated with bone loss, but fracture risk may be increased, possibly stemming from an increased risk of falls stemming from effects on postural balance mediated by effects on the central nervous system or cardiovascular system.This paper performs a systematic review of drugs inducing bone loss or associated with fracture risk. The chapter is organized by the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vestergaard
- Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
- Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Aalborg, Denmark.
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17
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Kao KT, Denker M, Zacharin M, Wong SC. Pubertal abnormalities in adolescents with chronic disease. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 33:101275. [PMID: 31047817 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pubertal disorders in the context of chronic disease especially in those with chronic inflammatory disorders or those requiring prolonged periods of treatment with glucocorticoid are common reasons for referral to the paediatric endocrine clinic. Disorders of puberty are also common in adolescents with disability requiring management by paediatric endocrinologists. In these adolescents, impaired skeletal development is also observed and this can be associated with fragility fractures. Chronic inflammation, glucocorticoid and sub-optimal nutrition all impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis, and can also impact on skeletal development locally by their effects on the growth plate and bone. Addressing pubertal disorders is important to ensure adolescents with chronic disease are matched with their peers, promote adequate bone mass accrual and linear growth. Careful discussion with primary clinicians, the young person and the family is needed when instituting endocrine therapies to address puberty and manage bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Kao
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - M Denker
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - M Zacharin
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S C Wong
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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18
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Patschan S, Vogt M, Bakhtiari D, Bramlage CP, Henze E, Muller GA, Krause A, Patschan D. Humoral and Cellular Patterns of Early Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Relation to the Cardiovascular Risk in Axial Spondylarthritis. J Clin Med Res 2019; 11:391-400. [PMID: 31143305 PMCID: PMC6522236 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3441w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spondylarthritis (SpA) significantly affects sacroiliac, intervertebral and peripheral joints. Patients with SpA suffer from increased cardiovascular risk (CVR). The endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) system critically perpetuates vascular repair. The aim of the study was to evaluate circulating EPCs in axial (ax)SpA with special attention on parameters of disease activity and CVR. Methods Disease activity and functional impairment were quantified in 50 axSpA patients by using standardized parameters (Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), C-reactive protein (CRP), finger-floor distance (FFD) and Ott’ sign). Circulating EPCs and EPC regeneration were analyzed (fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and colony-forming unit (CFU) assay). Serum vasomodulatory mediators were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results EPC colony numbers were lower in axSpA as compared to controls. Females displayed more colonies than males. In addition, fewer colonies were observed in smokers, in patients with a BASDAI of below 4 and in hypertension. Circulating CD133+/KDR+ cells did not differ between the groups. Follow-up analysis (33 months later) did not show any differences in gender, colony formation, CD133+/KDR+ cells or serum levels of vasomodulatory mediators if related to the categories of BASDAI, Ott’ sign or FFD. Conclusions EPC colony formation is significantly affected in axSpA with particularly low levels in males. EPC-related parameters do not allow predicting disease activity-related or functional parameters nor are they useful for CVR assessment in SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Patschan
- Clinic of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology and Nephrology, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Brandenburg, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Maria Vogt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Donia Bakhtiari
- Clinic of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Carsten Peter Bramlage
- Clinic of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Elvira Henze
- Clinic of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Anton Muller
- Clinic of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Krause
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Immanuel-Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Patschan
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology and Nephrology, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Brandenburg, Brandenburg, Germany
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19
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Petta I, Peene I, Elewaut D, Vereecke L, De Bosscher K. Risks and benefits of corticosteroids in arthritic diseases in the clinic. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:112-125. [PMID: 30978323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) constitute a first line treatment for many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Due to their potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions, GCs are added frequently to disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in various arthritic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, their prolonged administration or administration at high doses is associated with adverse effects that may be (quality of) life-threatening, including osteoporosis, metabolic, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects. In this review, we summarize the clinical and pharmacological effects of GCs in different arthritic diseases, while documenting the current research efforts towards the identification of novel and more efficient GCs with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Petta
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Peene
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Rheumatology, AZ SintJan, Ruddershove 10, 8000 Brugge, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lars Vereecke
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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20
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21
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Opoka W, Piotrowska J, Krakowski A, Kryczyk A, Sałat K, Zygmunt M, Librowski T, Muszyńska B. Effect of selected drugs on zinc accumulation in teeth of laboratory animals. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:684-687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oshagbemi OA, Burden AM, Shudofsky KN, Driessen JHM, Vestergaard P, Krings A, Franssen FME, van den Bergh J, de Vries F. Use of high-dose intermittent systemic glucocorticoids and the risk of fracture in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bone 2018; 110:238-243. [PMID: 29462672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by persistent airflow obstruction and respiratory symptoms. While short course systemic GCs are prescribed in patients with acute COPD exacerbations, little is known of the risk of fractures with intermittent exposure to high-dose GC and the effect of proxies of disease severity. METHODS A case-control study was conducted using the Danish National Hospital Discharge Registry (NHDR) between January 1996 to December 2011. Conditional logistics regression models were used to derive adjusted odds ratios (OR) risk of fractures in subjects with COPD stratified by intermittent high-dose, and proxies of disease severity. RESULT A total of 635,536 cases and the same number of controls were identified (mean age 67.5±13.8, 65% female). COPD patients with intermittent use of high average daily dose oral glucocorticoids did not have an increased risk of any, osteoporotic, hip or clinically symptomatic vertebral fracture compared to non-COPD patients (adj. OR 0.65; 95% CI: 0.50-0.86, 0.70; 95% CI: 0.70-0.99, 1.17; 95% CI: 0.59-2.32, 1.98; 95% CI: 0.59-6.65 respectively). We identified an elevated risk of osteoporotic fracture among patients who visited the emergency unit (adj. OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.20-1.79) or were hospitalised in the past year for COPD (adj. OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.66-1.85). Current GC use among COPD patients was associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic, hip and clinically symptomatic vertebral fractures compared to patients without COPD. CONCLUSION Intermittent high-dose GCs was not associated with an increased risk of any, osteoporotic, hip or clinically symptomatic vertebral fractures in patients with COPD. Current GC use was however associated with an increased risk of hip and clinically symptomatic vertebral fractures. Therefore, emphasis on prophylactic treatment of fractures may not be essential in patients with COPD receiving intermittent dose of GCs, whereas this should be considered for high-dose long-term users with advanced COPD disease stage, postmenopausal women and men over 40years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olorunfemi A Oshagbemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea M Burden
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly N Shudofsky
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Atrium Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna H M Driessen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands; NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vestergaard
- Departments of Clinical Medicine and Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Andreas Krings
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Atrium Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits M E Franssen
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Joop van den Bergh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Centre and BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Frank de Vries
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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Yin J, Han L, Cong W. Alpinumisoflavone rescues glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of osteocytes via suppressing Nox2-dependent ROS generation. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 70:270-276. [PMID: 29477034 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long term use of glucocorticoids is one of the most common causes of secondary osteoporosis. Osteocyte, the most abundant cell type in bone, coordinates the function of osteoblast and osteoclast. This study evaluates the protective effect of alpinumisoflavone (AIF), a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, on dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis of osteocytes. METHODS MLO-Y4 cell was used as a cell model. The effect of AIF on the cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis of MYL-Y4 cells was determined by DNA fragment detection ELISA kit and flow cytometry. Intracellular ROS level was determined by DCFH-DA staining. mRNA and protein expression of target genes were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. RESULTS AIF effectively protected MLO-Y4 cells against Dex-induced apoptosis, which was associated with attenuation of Dex-induced ROS generation in MLO-Y4 cells. Furthermore, our data indicated that the expression of NAD(P)H oxidase 2 (Nox2) was suppressed by AIF, which in turn mediated the attenuating effect on Dex-induced ROS generation and apoptosis in MLO-Y4 cells. Moreover, our results showed that AIF modulated the expression of Nox2 by activating AMPK signaling. CONCLUSION AIF activated AMPK-dependent Nox2 signaling pathway to suppress Dex-induced ROS production in cultured osteocytes, which might explain its anti-apoptotic effect. These results indicate that activation of AMPK pathway by AIF could have beneficial effects on bone damage induced by excessive oxidative stress and osteocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Leixiang Han
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Cong
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Chhabra ST, Mehta S, Chhabra S, Singla M, Aslam N, Mohan B, Wander GS. Hypocalcemia Presenting as Life Threatening Torsades de Pointes with Prolongation of QTc Interval. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 33:235-238. [PMID: 29651218 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0684-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Torsades de pointes with prolonged QTc interval is a form of ventricular tachycardia. Many predisposing factors have been identified and hypocalcemia is among the rare ones. Our case illustrates that though rare, hypocalcemia might manifest as torsades de pointes with prolongation of QTc interval. Early diagnosis and management of dyselectrolytemia can prevent these patients from catastrophic torsades de pointes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibba Takkar Chhabra
- 1Present Address: Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Civil Lines, Tagore Nagar, Ludhiana, 141001 India
| | - Shivani Mehta
- 2Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sandeep Chhabra
- 3Department of Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Manikant Singla
- 4Department of Endocrinology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Naved Aslam
- 1Present Address: Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Civil Lines, Tagore Nagar, Ludhiana, 141001 India
| | - Bishav Mohan
- 1Present Address: Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Civil Lines, Tagore Nagar, Ludhiana, 141001 India
| | - Gurpreet Singh Wander
- 1Present Address: Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Civil Lines, Tagore Nagar, Ludhiana, 141001 India
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25
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Yamachika E, Matsui Y, Matsubara M, Matsumura T, Nakata N, Moritani N, Ikeda A, Tsujigiwa H, Ohara N, Iida S. The influence of zoledronate and teriparatide on gamma delta T cells in mice. J Dent Sci 2017; 12:333-339. [PMID: 30895072 PMCID: PMC6395360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Few studies have investigated the possibility that bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) might reflect an immune response; however, gamma delta T cells have been shown to significantly decline in the blood of BRONJ patients. Additionally, there have been some reports of teriparatide usage for the treatment of BRONJ. In this study, we compared the effects of zoledronate and teriparatide on lymphocyte populations and inflammatory cytokine production in mice. Materials and methods Thirty female ICR mice were divided into three groups (n = 10 each): a vehicle, a zoledronate, and a teriparatide group. Drugs were administered for 8 weeks in each group. Lymphocytes in the blood and thymus were analyzed and femurs were used for histological observation and lymphocytes analysis of bone marrow. Cytokines were measured in separated serum using Milliplex® multiplex immunoassay analysis. Results Zoledronate decreased the T cell number in the bone marrow. Additionally, serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15 and RANTES, which are cytokines that affect T cell activation, differentiation and/or proliferation, were significantly lower in zoledronate treated mice. Conversely, teriparatide treatment induced an increase in gamma delta T cells in peripheral blood. Conclusion Gamma delta T cells in the bone marrow are expected to decrease with zoledronate treatment and increase with teriparatide treatment. If BRONJ involves a loss of gamma delta T cells in the circulation or bone marrow, then the increase in gamma delta T cells that is induced by teriparatide may account for its ability to resolve BRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiki Yamachika
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Yuichi Matsui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Masakazu Matsubara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Matsumura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Norifumi Moritani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tsujigiwa
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kitaku, Okayama 7000005, Japan
| | - Naoya Ohara
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Seiji Iida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kitaku, Okayama 7008558, Japan
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26
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Du Y, Li H, Chen B, Lai H, Li X, Chen T. Selenadiazole derivatives antagonize glucocorticoid-induced osteoblasts cells apoptosis by blocking ROS-mediated signaling, a new anti-osteoporosis strategy. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01306j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate that synthetic selenadiazole derivatives could protect osteoblasts cells against Dex-induced cell apoptosisviaattenuating oxidative stress and downstream signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Du
- Orthopedics Department
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guangzhou 510120
- China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Bolai Chen
- Orthopedics Department
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guangzhou 510120
- China
| | - Haoqiang Lai
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
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27
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Wippert PM, Rector M, Kuhn G, Wuertz-Kozak K. Stress and Alterations in Bones: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:96. [PMID: 28507534 PMCID: PMC5410657 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have demonstrated that physical stress (PS) stimulates bone remodeling and affects bone structure and function through complex mechanotransduction mechanisms. Recent research has laid ground to the hypothesis that mental stress (MS) also influences bone biology, eventually leading to osteoporosis and increased bone fracture risk. These effects are likely exerted by modulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, resulting in an altered release of growth hormones, glucocorticoids and cytokines, as demonstrated in human and animal studies. Furthermore, molecular cross talk between mental and PS is thought to exist, with either synergistic or preventative effects on bone disease progression depending on the characteristics of the applied stressor. This mini review will explain the emerging concept of MS as an important player in bone adaptation and its potential cross talk with PS by summarizing the current state of knowledge, highlighting newly evolving notions (such as intergenerational transmission of stress and its epigenetic modifications affecting bone) and proposing new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia-Maria Wippert
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Pia-Maria Wippert,
| | - Michael Rector
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gisela Kuhn
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Schön Klinik München Harlaching, Munich, Germany
- Spine Center, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Nephrol 2016; 2016:6232909. [PMID: 27974972 PMCID: PMC5126418 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6232909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increases the overall morbidity and mortality, particularly by elevating the cardiovascular risk. The kidneys are severely affected as well, partly as a result of intrarenal athero- and arteriosclerosis but also due to noninflammatory glomerular damage (diabetic nephropathy). DM is the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease in our society. Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a clinical and prognostic problem of fundamental importance since incidences have been increased in recent years while mortality has not substantially been improved. As a matter of fact, not many studies particularly addressed the topic “AKI in diabetes mellitus.” Aim of this article is to summarize AKI epidemiology and outcomes in DM and current recommendations on blood glucose control in the intensive care unit with regard to the risk for acquiring AKI, and finally several aspects related to postischemic microvasculopathy in AKI of diabetic patients shall be discussed. We intend to deal with this relevant topic, last but not least with regard to increasing incidences and prevalences of both disorders, AKI and DM.
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29
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Kennedy CC, Papaioannou A, Adachi JD. Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis. WOMENS HEALTH 2016; 2:65-74. [DOI: 10.2217/17455057.2.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely used to treat several diseases; however, one of their major consequences is a deleterious effect on bone that may lead to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Fractures may begin to occur within 3 months of commencing oral glucocorticoid therapy, and may even occur in patients receiving low doses. The good news is that with effective management, bone loss and fractures can be prevented or greatly reduced in patients receiving glucocorticoids. Despite clear practice guidelines, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis often goes undiagnosed and untreated in many patients. In this article, a current overview of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is provided, including how to recognize, prevent and treat osteoporosis in pre- and postmenopausal women receiving glucocorticoid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney C Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Tel.: +1 416 907 4848
| | - Alexandra Papaioannou
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Tel.: +1 416 907 4848
| | - Jonathan D Adachi
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Tel.: +1 416 907 4848
- Department of Medicine, St. Joseph's Hospital, 25 Charlton Avenue East, Suite 50, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 1Y2, Tel.: +1 905 529 1317; Fax: +1 905 521 1297
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30
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Matsuura Y, Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Yamaza T, Kondo R, Takahashi A, Ueda N, Oshiro W, Tsukiyama Y, Koyano K. Therapeutic interactions between mesenchymal stem cells for healing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:119. [PMID: 27530108 PMCID: PMC4988021 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated from a variety of tissues, including bone marrow, adipose, and mucosa. MSCs have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation. Reports have been published on the systemic administration of MSCs leading to functional improvements by engraftment and differentiation, thus providing a new strategy to regenerate damaged tissues. Recently, it has become clear that MSCs possess immunomodulatory properties and can therefore be used to treat diseases. However, the therapeutic effect mechanisms of MSCs are yet to be determined. Here, we investigated these mechanisms using a medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ)-like mouse model. Methods To generate MRONJ-like characteristics, mice received intravenous zoledronate and dexamethasone two times a week. At 1 week after intravenous injection, maxillary first molars were extracted, and at 1 week after tooth extraction, MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of the mice femurs and tibias. To compare “diseased MSCs” from MRONJ-like mice (d-MSCs) with “control MSCs” from untreated mice (c-MSCs), the isolated MSCs were analyzed by differentiation and colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assays and systemic transplantation of either d-MSCs or c-MSCs into MRONJ-like mice. Furthermore, we observed the exchange of cell contents among d-MSCs and c-MSCs during coculture with all combinations of each MSC type. Results d-MSCs were inferior to c-MSCs in differentiation and CFU-F assays. Moreover, the d-MSC-treated group did not show earlier healing in MRONJ-like mice. In cocultures with any combination, MSC pairs formed cell–cell contacts and exchanged cell contents. Interestingly, the exchange among c-MSCs and d-MSCs was more frequently observed than other pairs, and d-MSCs were distinguishable from c-MSCs. Conclusions The interaction of c-MSCs and d-MSCs, including exchange of cell contents, contributes to the treatment potential of d-MSCs. This cellular behavior might be one therapeutic mechanism used by MSCs for MRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Matsuura
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell and Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kondo
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ueda
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Wakana Oshiro
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsukiyama
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Hadjicharalambous C, Alexaki VI, Alpantaki K, Chatzinikolaidou M. Effects of NSAIDs on the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1403-1408. [PMID: 27523985 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), used in the treatment of musculoskeletal pathologies, have been associated with impaired bone healing, possibly through inhibition of osteogenic differentiation. The adipose tissue (AT) is regarded as an attractive source of stromal cells for autologous cell transplantation in the bone. The effects of NSAIDs on human AT-derived stromal cells (hADSCs) are unknown. METHODS We examined the effect of several NSAIDs including meloxicam, parecoxib, lornoxicam, diclofenac and paracetamol on the proliferation of hADSCs by means of the PrestoBlue® viability assay, and the osteogenic differentiation capacity of hADSCs by means of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition by alizarin red staining and osteogenic gene expression by semi-quantitative PCR. KEY FINDINGS Most of the drugs enhanced hADSC cell growth, while either positively affecting or not influencing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition and osteogenic gene expression. Moreover, selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs, such as meloxicam or parecoxib, were advantageous over the non-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs lornoxicam and diclofenac. CONCLUSIONS Altogether through this study, we show that NSAIDs, possibly depending on their selectivity for COX inhibition, leave the osteogenic differentiation capacity of hADSCs unaltered or might even enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystalleni Hadjicharalambous
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklio, Greece.,Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vasileia Ismini Alexaki
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Kalliopi Alpantaki
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklio, Greece. .,Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece.
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32
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Liu Y, Cui Y, Zhang X, Gao X, Su Y, Xu B, Wu T, Chen W, Cui L. Effects of salvianolate on bone metabolism in glucocorticoid-treated lupus-prone B6.MRL-Fas (lpr) /J mice. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:2535-46. [PMID: 27563234 PMCID: PMC4984994 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s110125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the bone-protective effects of salvianolate (Sal), a total polyphenol from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae, on bone tissue in the spontaneous lupus-prone mouse model, B6.MRL-Faslpr/J, undergoing glucocorticoid (GC) treatment. Methods Fifteen-week-old female B6.MRL-Faslpr/J mice were administered either a daily dose of saline (lupus group), prednisone 6 mg/kg (GC group), Sal 60 mg/kg (Sal group); or GC plus Sal (GC + Sal group) for a duration of 12 weeks. Age-matched female C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice were used for control. Micro-computed tomography assessments, bone histomorphometry analysis, bone biomechanical test, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting analysis for bone markers, and renal histology analysis were performed to support our research endeavor. Results Lupus mice developed a marked bone loss and deterioration of mechanical properties of bone due to an increase in bone resorption rather than suppression of bone formation. GC treatment strongly inhibited bone formation in lupus mice. Sal treatment significantly attenuated osteogenic inhibition, and also suppressed hyperactive bone resorption, which recovered the bone mass and mechanical properties of bone in both the untreated and GC-treated lupus mice. Conclusion The data support further preclinical investigation of Sal as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City; Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang
| | - Yang Cui
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou
| | - Xiang Gao
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang
| | - Bilian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang
| | - Tie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang
| | - Wenshuang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang
| | - Liao Cui
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City; Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang
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de Molon RS, Hsu C, Bezouglaia O, Dry SM, Pirih FQ, Soundia A, Cunha FQ, Cirelli JA, Aghaloo TL, Tetradis S. Rheumatoid Arthritis Exacerbates the Severity of Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (ONJ) in Mice. A Randomized, Prospective, Controlled Animal Study. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:1596-607. [PMID: 26950411 PMCID: PMC4970902 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune inflammatory disorder, results in persistent synovitis with severe bone and cartilage destruction. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are often utilized in RA patients to reduce bone destruction and manage osteoporosis. However, BPs, especially at high doses, are associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Here, utilizing previously published ONJ animal models, we are exploring interactions between RA and ONJ incidence and severity. DBA1/J mice were divided into four groups: control, zoledronic acid (ZA), collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), and CIA-ZA. Animals were pretreated with vehicle or ZA. Bovine collagen II emulsified in Freund's adjuvant was injected to induce arthritis (CIA) and the mandibular molar crowns were drilled to induce periapical disease. Vehicle or ZA treatment continued for 8 weeks. ONJ indices were measured by micro-CT (µCT) and histological examination of maxillae and mandibles. Arthritis development was assessed by visual scoring of paw swelling, and by µCT and histology of interphalangeal and knee joints. Maxillae and mandibles of control and CIA mice showed bone loss, periodontal ligament (PDL) space widening, lamina dura loss, and cortex thinning. ZA prevented these changes in both ZA and CIA-ZA groups. Epithelial to alveolar crest distance was increased in the control and CIA mice. This distance was preserved in ZA and CIA-ZA animals. Empty osteocytic lacunae and areas of osteonecrosis were present in ZA and CIA-ZA but more extensively in CIA-ZA animals, indicating more severe ONJ. CIA and CIA-ZA groups developed severe arthritis in the paws and knees. Interphalangeal and knee joints of CIA mice showed advanced bone destruction with cortical erosions and trabecular bone loss, and ZA treatment reduced these effects. Importantly, no osteonecrosis was noted adjacent to areas of articular inflammation in CIA-ZA mice. Our data suggest that ONJ burden was more pronounced in ZA treated CIA mice and that RA could be a risk factor for ONJ development. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Scaf de Molon
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801–903, Brazil
| | - Chingyun Hsu
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Olga Bezouglaia
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sarah M. Dry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Flavia Q. Pirih
- Division of Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Akrivoula Soundia
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fernando Queiroz Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049, Brazil
| | - Joni Augusto Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801–903, Brazil
| | - Tara L. Aghaloo
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sotirios Tetradis
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Seno T, Yamamoto A, Kukida Y, Hirano A, Kida T, Nakabayashi A, Fujioka K, Nagahara H, Fujii W, Murakami K, Oda R, Fujiwara H, Kohno M, Kawahito Y. Once-weekly teriparatide improves glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in patients with inadequate response to bisphosphonates. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1056. [PMID: 27462504 PMCID: PMC4940355 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) are at very high risk of fracture, and patients with severe GIOP often experience fractures during treatment with bisphosphonates. Teriparatide (TPTD) is the only currently available anabolic agent expected to be effective for GIOP. Once-weekly TPTD decreased bone resorption marker with primary osteoporosis different from daily TPTD, but it has not yet been tested with GIOP. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of once-weekly TPTD for patients with GIOP and inadequate response to bisphosphonates. Methods Patients with GIOP and collagen diseases treated with prednisolone for at least 6 months with inadequate responses to bisphosphonates were administered once-weekly TPTD. Bone density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck, measured as percent young adult mean (YAM); serum concentrations of cross-linked N-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and calcium; and FRAX were measured at baseline and 6, 12 and 18 months after starting TPTD. Results Of the 12 GIOP patients with collagen diseases enrolled, nine (seven females, two males; mean age 57.4 ± 11.1 years) completed treatment, including six with systemic lupus erythematosus, two with rheumatoid arthritis, and one with adult onset still disease. Only one new fracture event, a lumbar compression fracture, occurred during the study period, although seven patients experienced eight fracture events within 18 months before starting TPTD (p = 0.04). Lumbar spine YAM significantly improved at 18 months (p = 0.04), whereas femoral neck YAM did not (p = 0.477). Serum NTx, BAP, Ca, and FRAX were not significantly affected by TPTD treatment. Conclusions Once-weekly TPTD reduces fracture events and increases bone density of the lumbar spine of GIOP patients with inadequate response to bisphosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Seno
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Aihiro Yamamoto
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Yuji Kukida
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Aiko Hirano
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Takashi Kida
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Amane Nakabayashi
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Kazuki Fujioka
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Hidetake Nagahara
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Ken Murakami
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Ryo Oda
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Masataka Kohno
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawahito
- Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
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Laxman N, Rubin CJ, Mallmin H, Nilsson O, Tellgren-Roth C, Kindmark A. Second generation sequencing of microRNA in Human Bone Cells treated with Parathyroid Hormone or Dexamethasone. Bone 2016; 84:181-188. [PMID: 26748295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and dexamethasone (DEX) for 2 and 24h by RNA sequencing of miRNAs in primary human bone (HOB) cells. A total of 207 million reads were obtained, and normalized absolute expression retrieved for 373 most abundant miRNAs. In naïve control cells, 7 miRNAs were differentially expressed (FDR<0.05) between the two time points. Ten miRNAs exhibited differential expression (FDR <0.05) across two time points and treatments after adjusting for expression in controls and were selected for downstream analyses. Results show significant effects on miRNA expression when comparing PTH with DEX at 2h with even more pronounced effects at 24h. Interestingly, several miRNAs exhibiting differences in expression are predicted to target genes involved in bone metabolism e.g. miR-30c2, miR-203 and miR-205 targeting RUNX2, and miR-320 targeting β-catenin (CTNNB1) mRNA expression. CTNNB1and RUNX2 levels were decreased after DEX treatment and increased after PTH treatment. Our analysis also identified 2 putative novel miRNAs in PTH and DEX treated cells at 24h. RNA sequencing showed that PTH and DEX treatment affect miRNA expression in HOB cells and that regulated miRNAs in turn are correlated with expression levels of key genes involved in bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Laxman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Carl-Johan Rubin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
| | - Hans Mallmin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
| | - Olle Nilsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
| | - Christian Tellgren-Roth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
| | - Andreas Kindmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
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Zheng LZ, Wang XL, Cao HJ, Chen SH, Huang L, Qin L. Src siRNA prevents corticosteroid-associated osteoporosis in a rabbit model. Bone 2016; 83:190-196. [PMID: 26597781 PMCID: PMC7185855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In an established steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) rabbit model we found recently that blockage Src by siRNA could improve reconstructive repair of osteonecrosis via enhancing osteogenesis and inhibiting bone resorption. The current study investigated if blocking Src was able to prevent steroid-associated osteoporosis (SAOP) in the same SAON animal model. Rabbits were treated with pulsed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and corticosteroid methylprednisolone (MPS). At 2, 4, and 6weeks after induction, Src siRNA, control siRNA and saline were intramedullary injected into proximal femur, respectively. Two fluorescent dyes xylenol orange and calcein green were injected before sacrificing the animals for in vivo labeling of the newly formed bone. At week 6 after induction, proximal femora of rabbits were dissected for micro-CT and histological analysis. Results showed significant bone loss in the metaphysis of femoral head in the control rabbits after SAON induction. Src siRNA treatment was able to prevent steroid-associate bone loss in trabecular bone and increase cortical bone thickness at femoral neck. Histomorphometry showed that Src siRNA increased the osteoblastic bone formation and decreased the eroded bone surfaces suggesting decreased osteoclastic bone resorption. This was the first study to report bone loss after SAON induction in rabbit model that could be prevented by knocking down Src by siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhen Zheng
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Luan Wang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hui-Juan Cao
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Shi-Hui Chen
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Le Huang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China.
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Yoshiga D, Sasaguri M, Matsuo K, Kokuryou S, Habu M, Oda M, Kodama M, Tsurushima H, Sakaguchi O, Sakurai T, Tanaka J, Morimoto Y, Yoshioka I, Tominaga K. Intraoperative detection of viable bone with fluorescence imaging using Visually Enhanced Lesion Scope in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: clinical and pathological evaluation. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:1997-2006. [PMID: 26037792 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is no standard surgical protocol of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ), because of the impossibility to visualize this feature intraoperatively. The aim of this study was to introduce how to provide preoperative labeling of the viable bone with minocycline bone fluorescence technique (MBFT) by using VELscope® and investigate histopathologically. INTRODUCTION The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) and the Japanese Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (JSOMS) now recommend a more conservative treatment strategy. There is no standard surgical protocol of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) because of the impossibility to visualize this feature intraoperatively. The aim of this study was to introduce a mechanism providing preoperative labeling of a viable bone using minocycline bone fluorescence technique (MBFT) with VELscope® and to histopathologically investigate. METHODS This report describes a surgical technique used in six patients with BRONJ who underwent jawbone resection under minocycline bone fluorescence imaging using VELscope®. Subsequently, we investigated and compared the clinical findings using VELscope® and histopathological findings. RESULTS Histopathological examinations showed that the non-fluorescent moiety was consistent with the BRONJ lesions. CONCLUSIONS The surgical treatments that were exactly performed using MBFT with VELscope® offered successful management of BRONJ. This bone fluorescence helped to define the margins of resection, thus improving surgical therapy for extended osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yoshiga
- Department of Science of Physical Function, Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan,
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Guh YJ, Lin CH, Hwang PP. Osmoregulation in zebrafish: ion transport mechanisms and functional regulation. EXCLI JOURNAL 2015; 14:627-59. [PMID: 26600749 PMCID: PMC4650948 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fish, like mammals, have to maintain their body fluid ionic and osmotic homeostasis through sophisticated iono-/osmoregulation mechanisms, which are conducted mainly by ionocytes of the gill (the skin in embryonic stages), instead of the renal tubular cells in mammals. Given the advantages in terms of genetic database availability and manipulation, zebrafish is an emerging model for research into regulatory and integrative physiology. At least five types of ionocytes, HR, NaR, NCC, SLC26, and KS cells, have been identified to carry out Na(+) uptake/H(+) secretion/NH4 (+) excretion, Ca(2+) uptake, Na(+)/Cl(-) uptake, K(+) secretion, and Cl(-) uptake/HCO3 (-) secretion, respectively, through distinct sets of transporters. Several hormones, namely isotocin, prolactin, cortisol, stanniocalcin-1, calcitonin, endothelin-1, vitamin D, parathyorid hormone 1, catecholamines, and the renin-angiotensin-system, have been demonstrated to positively or negatively regulate ion transport through specific receptors at different ionocytes stages, at either the transcriptional/translational or posttranslational level. The knowledge obtained using zebrafish answered many long-term contentious or unknown issues in the field of fish iono-/osmoregulation. The homology of ion transport pathways and hormone systems also means that the zebrafish model informs studies on mammals or other animal species, thereby providing insights into related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jey Guh
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nakang, Taipei, Taiwan ; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nakang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Lin
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Pung-Pung Hwang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nakang, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Hajrezaei SP, Emami SH, Bahlakeh G, Daneshmandi L, Dashtimoghadam E, Seyedjafari E, Jacob KI, Tayebi L. Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells via microfluidics synthesized nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1809-19. [PMID: 25933690 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Advancement of bone tissue engineering as an alternative for bone regeneration has attracted significant interest due to its potential in reducing the costs and surgical trauma affiliated with the effective treatment of bone defects. We have improved the conventional approach of producing polymeric nanoparticles, as one of the most promising choices for drug delivery systems, using a microfluidics platform, thus further improving our control over osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for theoretical understanding of our experiments in order to get a more detailed molecular-scale insight into the drug-carrier interactions. In this work, with the sustained intracellular delivery of dexamethasone from microfluidics-synthesized nanoparticles, we explored the effects of particle design on controlling stem cell fates. We believe that the insights learned from this work will lead to the discovery of new strategies to tune differentiation for in situ differentiation or stem cell therapeutics. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR The use of mesenchymal stem cells has been described by many researchers as a novel therapy for bone regeneration. One major hurdle in this approach is the control of osteogenic differentiation. In this article, the authors described elegantly their microfluidic system in which dexamethasone loaded nanoparticles were produced. This system would allow precise fabrication of nanoparticles and consequently higher efficiency in cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Hasani-Sadrabadi
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sana Pour Hajrezaei
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Hojjati Emami
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Bahlakeh
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Daneshmandi
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Erfan Dashtimoghadam
- Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karl I Jacob
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Abstract
The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a short nephron segment, interposed between the macula densa and collecting duct. Even though it is short, it plays a key role in regulating extracellular fluid volume and electrolyte homeostasis. DCT cells are rich in mitochondria, and possess the highest density of Na+/K+-ATPase along the nephron, where it is expressed on the highly amplified basolateral membranes. DCT cells are largely water impermeable, and reabsorb sodium and chloride across the apical membrane via electroneurtral pathways. Prominent among this is the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter, target of widely used diuretic drugs. These cells also play a key role in magnesium reabsorption, which occurs predominantly, via a transient receptor potential channel (TRPM6). Human genetic diseases in which DCT function is perturbed have provided critical insights into the physiological role of the DCT, and how transport is regulated. These include Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension, the salt-wasting diseases Gitelman syndrome and EAST syndrome, and hereditary hypomagnesemias. The DCT is also established as an important target for the hormones angiotensin II and aldosterone; it also appears to respond to sympathetic-nerve stimulation and changes in plasma potassium. Here, we discuss what is currently known about DCT physiology. Early studies that determined transport rates of ions by the DCT are described, as are the channels and transporters expressed along the DCT with the advent of molecular cloning. Regulation of expression and activity of these channels and transporters is also described; particular emphasis is placed on the contribution of genetic forms of DCT dysregulation to our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCormick
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Oregon Health & Science University, & VA Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, United States
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Miyamoto S, Miyamoto Y, Shibata Y, Yoshimura K, Izumida E, Suzuki H, Miyazaki T, Maki K, Kamijo R. In situ quasi-static and dynamic nanoindentation tests on calcified nodules formed by osteoblasts: Implication of glucocorticoids responsible for osteoblast calcification. Acta Biomater 2015; 12:216-226. [PMID: 25448350 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The functional requirements of regenerated calcified tissues are that they enable the tissues to bear a variety of imposed stress and consequent contact-induced strain without substantial fracture. Here we demonstrate the effects of glucocorticoid hormones such as dexamethasone and hydrocortisone on the nanomechanical properties of calcified nodules formed by mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in differentiation-inducing medium containing ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate. Neither cell proliferation nor calcium deposition, evaluated using alizarin red and von Kossa staining, was affected by dexamethasone. On the other hand, calcified nodules formed in the presence of dexamethasone were significantly harder and stiffer than those formed in their absence. In particular, a series of nanoindentation tests revealed that the calcified nodules formed in the presence of dexamethasone showed enhanced stiffness against dynamic strain as compared to a quasi-static load. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy revealed that dexamethasone and hydrocortisone increased the apatite/matrix ratio and lowered that of carbonate in the nodules. Our results suggest that glucocorticoids are required for in vitro formation by osteoblasts of more mature calcified nodules containing apatite/phosphate.
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Grayson BE, Hakala-Finch AP, Kekulawala M, Laub H, Egan AE, Ressler IB, Woods SC, Herman JP, Seeley RJ, Benoit SC, Ulrich-Lai YM. Weight loss by calorie restriction versus bariatric surgery differentially regulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in male rats. Stress 2014; 17:484-93. [PMID: 25238021 PMCID: PMC4415587 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2014.967677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral modifications for the treatment of obesity, including caloric restriction, have notoriously low long-term success rates relative to bariatric weight-loss surgery. The reasons for the difference in sustained weight loss are not clear. One possibility is that caloric restriction alone activates the stress-responsive hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, undermining the long-term maintenance of weight loss, and that this is abrogated after bariatric surgery. Accordingly, we compared the HPA response to weight loss in five groups of male rats: (1) high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) rats treated with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB, n = 7), (2) DIO rats treated with vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG, n = 11), (3) DIO rats given sham surgery and subsequently restricted to the food intake of the VSG/RYGB groups (Pair-fed, n = 11), (4) ad libitum-fed DIO rats given sham surgery (Obese, n = 11) and (5) ad libitum chow-fed rats given sham surgery (Lean, n = 12). Compared with Lean controls, food-restricted rats exhibited elevated morning (nadir) non-stress plasma corticosterone concentration and increased hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone and vasopressin mRNA expression, indicative of basal HPA activation. This was largely prevented when weight loss was achieved by bariatric surgery. DIO increased HPA activation by acute (novel environment) stress and this was diminished by bariatric surgery-, but not pair-feeding-, induced weight loss. These results indicate that the HPA axis is differentially affected by weight loss from caloric restriction versus bariatric surgery, and this may contribute to the differing long-term effectiveness of these two weight-loss approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette E. Grayson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
- Corresponding author, request for reprints: Bernadette E. Grayson, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2170 E. Galbraith Rd., Cincinnati, OH 45237, , ph: 513-748-4850, fax: 513-297-0966
| | - Andrew P. Hakala-Finch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Melani Kekulawala
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Holly Laub
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Ann E. Egan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Ilana B. Ressler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Stephen C. Woods
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - James P. Herman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Randy J. Seeley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Stephen C. Benoit
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
| | - Yvonne M. Ulrich-Lai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237
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Brennan SL, Toomey L, Kotowicz MA, Henry MJ, Griffiths H, Pasco JA. Rheumatoid arthritis and incident fracture in women: a case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:13. [PMID: 24405804 PMCID: PMC3893404 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine fracture incidence in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for an entire geographical region of south-eastern Australia. METHODS Women aged 35 years and older, resident in the Barwon Statistical Division (BSD) and clinically diagnosed with RA 1994-2001 were eligible for inclusion as cases (n = 1,008). The control population (n = 172,422) comprised the entire female BSD population aged 35 years and older, excluding those individuals identified as cases. Incident fractures were extracted from the prospective Geelong Osteoporosis Study Fracture Grid. We calculated rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to compare the age-adjusted rate of fracture between the RA and non-RA populations, and used a chi-square test to compare proportions of fractures between women with and without RA, and a two-sided Mann-Whitney U-test to examine age-differences. RESULTS Among 1,008 women with RA, 19 (1.9%) sustained a fracture, compared to 1,981 fractures sustained by the 172,422 women without RA (1.2%). Fracture rates showed a trend for being greater among women diagnosed with RA (age-adjusted RR 1.43, 95%CI 0.98-2.09, p = 0.08). Women with RA sustained vertebral fractures at twice the expected frequency, whereas hip fractures were underrepresented in the RA population (p < 0.001). RA status was not associated with the likelihood of sustaining a fracture at sites adjacent to joints most commonly affected by RA (p = 0.22). CONCLUSION Given that women with RA have a greater risk of fracture compared to women without RA, these patients may be a suitable target population for anti-resorptive agents; however, larger studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Brennan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
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Sakamoto F, Hashimoto Y, Kishimoto N, Honda Y, Matsumoto N. The utility of human dedifferentiated fat cells in bone tissue engineering in vitro. Cytotechnology 2013; 67:75-84. [PMID: 24306271 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9659-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the osteoblastic differentiation abilities of dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as a cell source for bone regeneration therapies. In addition, the utility of DFATs in bone tissue engineering in vitro was assessed by an alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)/collagen sponge (CS). Human DFATs were isolated from the submandibular of a patient by ceiling culture. DFATs and hMSCs at passage 3 were cultured in control medium or osteogenic medium (OM) for 14 days. Runx2 gene expression, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, as well as osteocalcin (OCN) and calcium contents were analyzed to evaluate the osteoblastic differentiation ability of both cell types. DFATs seeded in a α-TCP/CS and cultured in OM for 14 days were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histologically. Compared with hMSCs, DFATs cultured in OM generally underwent superior osteoblastogenesis by higher Runx2 gene expression at all days tested, as well as higher ALP activity at day 3 and 7, OCN expression at day 14, and calcium content at day 7. In SEM analyses, DFATs seeded in a α-TCP/CS were well spread and covered the α-TCP/CS by day 7. In addition, numerous spherical deposits were found to almost completely cover the α-TCP/CS on day 14. Von Kossa staining showed that DFATs differentiated into osteoblasts in the α-TCP/CS and formed cultured bone by deposition of a mineralized extracellular matrix. The combined use of DFATs and an α-TCP/CS may be an attractive option for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Sakamoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Hanazonocho, Kuzuha, Hirakata, 573-1121, Japan,
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Huchzermeyer FW, Groenewald HB, Myburgh JG, Steyl JC, Crole MR. Osteoarthropathy of unknown aetiology in the long bones of farmed and wild Nile crocodiles ( Crocodylus niloticus). J S Afr Vet Assoc 2013. [DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v84i1.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Humeri of farmed and wild Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) collected during routine post-mortem examinations were boiled, cleaned and examined for lesions. Various degrees of gross bone and articular pathology were found. The lesions were situated predominantly at the proximal and distal epiphyseal and metaphyseal regions of the bone, where growth and bone remodelling occurs. In advanced cases partial collapse of the articular surface could be identified. From the collection of crocodile bones five particular cases are described. Because of the wide distribution of origin of the affected animals, nutritional or toxicological causes seem unlikely. One of the cases presented was associated with mycoplasmosis. These forms of crocodilian bone pathology need further investigation.
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Zoledronic acid enhances lipopolysaccharide-stimulated proinflammatory reactions through controlled expression of SOCS1 in macrophages. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67906. [PMID: 23874464 PMCID: PMC3706453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a serious side effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (NBP) use. Many studies have shown that BRONJ is limited to the jawbone and does not occur in the other bones. We hypothesized that BRONJ is related to local bacterial iections and involves the innate immune system. To examine the relationship between BRONJ and innate immunity, we examined the effects of NBPs on macrophages, one of the important cell types in innate immunity. The expression of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) in cells after pretreatment with zoledronic acid (ZOL) did not considerably differ from that in untreated control cells. However, cytokine levels and nitric oxide (NO) production increased after pretreatment with ZOL. Furthermore, ZOL induced NF-κB activation by enhancing IκB-α degradation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis also increased after pretreatment with ZOL. This effect was mediated by a reduction of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1), which is a negative regulator of myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD 88)-dependent signaling. These results suggest that ZOL induced excessive innate immune response and proinflammatory cytokine production and that these processes may be involved in the bone destruction observed in BRONJ.
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Icariin Protects Against Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis In Vitro and Prevents Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteocyte Apoptosis In Vivo. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 67:189-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bone response of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) induced by corticosterone. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2013; 164:410-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Stavraka C, Maclaran K, Gabra H, Agarwal R, Ghaem-Maghami S, Taylor A, Dhillo WS, Panay N, Blagden SP. A study to evaluate the cause of bone demineralization in gynecological cancer survivors. Oncologist 2013; 18:423-9. [PMID: 23363808 PMCID: PMC3639529 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between treatment for gynecological cancers and risk of osteoporosis has never been formally evaluated. Women treated for these cancers are now living longer than ever before, and prevention of treatment-induced morbidities is important. We aimed to distinguish, in gynecological cancer survivors, whether cancer therapy has additional detrimental effects on bone health above those attributable to hormone withdrawal. METHODS We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan results from 105 women; 64 had undergone bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) followed by chemotherapy or radiotherapy for gynecological malignancies, and 41 age-matched women had undergone BSO for benign etiologies. All were premenopausal prior to surgery. RESULTS The median age at DEXA scan for the cancer group was 42 years, and 66% had received hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) following their cancer treatment. For the benign group, the median age was 40 years, and 87% had received HRT. Thirty-nine percent of cancer survivors had abnormal DEXA scan results compared to 15% of the control group, with the majority demonstrating osteopenia. The mean lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral densities (BMDs) were significantly lower in cancer patients. A history of gynecological cancer treatment was associated with significantly lower BMD in a multivariate logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS Women treated for gynecological malignancies with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy have significantly lower BMDs than age-matched women who have undergone oophorectomy for noncancer indications. Prospective evaluation of BMD in gynecological cancer patients is recommended to facilitate interventions that will reduce the risk of subsequent fragility fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hani Gabra
- Queen Charlotte's & Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Waljit S. Dhillo
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Panay
- Queen Charlotte's & Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Effects of thalidomide on the development of bone damage caused by prednisolone in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2012; 64:386-95. [PMID: 22661190 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The methods used in treatment of osteoporosis induced by glucocorticosteroids are not effective enough. There is a need for new drugs which could be useful in counteracting the influence of glucocorticosteroids on osseous tissue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of thalidomide on the development of osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoid (prednisolone) in rats. METHODS The experiments were carried out on 3-month-old male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups: I--control rats; II--prednisolone (10 mg/kg po); III--prednisolone (10 mg/kg po) + thalidomide (15 mg/kg po); IV--prednisolone (10 mg/kg po) + thalidomide (60 mg/kg po). The drugs were administered for 3 weeks. The body mass gain, bone mass in the tibia, femur and L-4 vertebra, histomorphometric parameters of the tibia (width of osteoid, diaphysis transverse growth, area of the transverse cross-sectional of the bone marrow cavity and the cortical bone) and the femur (width of trabeculae, width of epiphyseal cartilage, diaphysis transverse growth, area of the transverse cross-sectional of the bone marrow cavity and the cortical bone) were studied. RESULTS Prednisolone induced osteoporotic skeletal changes in mature male rats (decreases in the bone mass, the width of the periosteal and endosteal osteoid, the transverse cross-sectional area of the cortical bone, the width of trabeculae, and the diaphysis transverse growth were observed). Thalidomide administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg po inhibited the development of changes in macrometric and histomorphometric parameters induced by prednisolone in the skeletal system of rats. CONCLUSION The results may constitute indirect evidence for possible clinical trials conducted in order to define the possibility to apply thalidomide in treatment of bone diseases in humans.
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