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Mattelaer N, Van der Schueren B, Van Oudenhove L, Weltens N, Vangoitsenhoven R. The circulating and central endocannabinoid system in obesity and weight loss. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01553-z. [PMID: 38834796 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Major advances have been made in obesity treatment, focusing on restoring disturbances along the gut-brain axis. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a neuromodulatory signaling system, present along the entire gut-brain axis, that plays a critical role in central and peripheral regulation of food intake and body weight. Evidence on the impact of weight loss on the ECS is, however, more limited. Therefore, we set out to review the existing literature for changes in central and circulating endocannabinoid levels after bariatric surgery and other weight loss strategies in humans. The PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles. Fifty-six human studies were identified. Most studies measuring circulating 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) found no difference between normal weight and obesity, or no correlation with BMI. In contrast, studies measuring circulating arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) found an increase or positive correlation with BMI. Two studies found a negative correlation between BMI and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) receptor availability in the brain. Only one study investigated the effect of pharmacological weight management on circulating endocannabinoid concentrations and found no effect on AEA concentrations. So far, six studies investigated potential changes in circulating endocannabinoids after bariatric surgery and reported conflicting results. Available evidence does not univocally support that circulating endocannabinoids are upregulated in individuals with obesity, which may be explained by variability across studies in several potential confounding factors (e.g. age and sex) as well as heterogeneity within the obesity population (e.g. BMI only vs. intra-abdominal adiposity). While several studies investigated the effect of lifestyle interventions on the circulating ECS, more studies are warranted that focus on pharmacologically and surgically induced weight loss. In addition, we identified several research needs which should be fulfilled to better understand the role of the ECS in obesity and its treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Mattelaer
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van der Schueren
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lukas Van Oudenhove
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Weltens
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roman Vangoitsenhoven
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Pokala A, Kraft J, Taormina VM, Michalski MC, Vors C, Torres-Gonzalez M, Bruno RS. Whole milk dairy foods and cardiometabolic health: dairy fat and beyond. Nutr Res 2024; 126:99-122. [PMID: 38669850 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Bovine dairy milk is a nutrient-rich matrix, but consumption of full-fat dairy food varieties has been claimed historically to be associated with poorer cardiometabolic health, a notion often attributed to the saturated fat content. However, continued investigation that includes observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide evidence that favorably supports full-fat dairy foods and their bioactive components on cardiometabolic health. This review addresses this controversy by examining the evidence surrounding full-fat dairy foods and their implications for human health. Dairy foods are heterogeneous, not just in their fat content but also in other compositional aspects within and between fermented (e.g., yogurt, cheese) and nonfermented products (e.g., milk) that could differentially influence cardiometabolic health. Drawing from complementary lines of evidence from epidemiological studies and RCTs, this review describes the health effects of dairy foods regarding their fat content, as well as their polar lipids that are concentrated in the milk fat globule fraction. Observational studies have limitedly supported the consumption of full-fat dairy to protect against cardiometabolic disorders. However, this framework has been disputed by RCTs indicating that dairy foods, regardless of their fat content or fermentation, are not detrimental to cardiometabolic health and may instead alleviate certain cardiometabolic risk factors. As dietary recommendations evolve, which currently indicate to avoid full-fat dairy foods, it is essential to consider the totality of evidence, especially from RCTs, while also recognizing that investigation is needed to evaluate the complexity of dairy foods within diverse dietary patterns and their impacts on cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Pokala
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Jana Kraft
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405, USA
| | - Victoria M Taormina
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405, USA
| | - Marie-Caroline Michalski
- INRAE, UMR1397, Inserm, U1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CarMeN laboratory, Pierre-Bénite, FR
| | - Cécile Vors
- INRAE, UMR1397, Inserm, U1060, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CarMeN laboratory, Pierre-Bénite, FR
| | | | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
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You L, Yang C, Jin H, Kwok LY, Lv R, Ma T, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Sun Z. Shotgun metagenomic analysis of microbiota dynamics during long-term backslopping fermentation of traditional fermented milk in a controlled laboratory environment. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00826-9. [PMID: 38825103 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Traditional fermented milks are produced through an inoculation process that involves the deliberate introduction of microorganisms that have been adapted and perpetuated across successive generations. However, the changes in the microbiota of traditional fermented milk during long-term inoculation fermentation in a laboratory environment remain unclear. In this study, we collected 5 samples of traditional fermented milk samples from 5 different counties in Tibet (3 kurut products) and Xinjiang (2 tarag products) of China, which served as starter cultures for a 9-mo continuous inoculation fermentation experiment. We analyzed the inter- and intra-population variations in the microbial communities of the collected samples, representing their macrodiversity and microdiversity, using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Across all samples, we obtained a total of 186 high-quality metagenomic-assembled genomes, including 7 genera and 13 species with a relative abundance of more than 1%. The majority of these genomes were annotated as Lactobacillus helveticus (60.46%), Enterococcus durans (9.52%), and Limosilactobacillus fermentum (6.23%). We observed significant differences in species composition and abundance among the 5 initial inoculants. During the long-term inoculation fermentation, we found an overall increasing trend in species diversity, composition, and abundances of carbohydrate metabolism module-encoding genes in the fermented milk bacterial metagenome, while the fermented milk virome exhibited a relatively narrow range of variation. Lactobacillus helveticus, a dominant species in traditional fermented milk, displayed high stability during the long-term inoculation fermentation. Our study provides valuable insights for the industrial production of traditional fermented milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun You
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chengcong Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruirui Lv
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Keirns BH, Keirns NG, Tsotsoros CE, Layman HM, Stout ME, Medlin AR, Sciarrillo CM, Teague TK, Emerson SR, Hawkins MAW. Adverse childhood experiences and obesity linked to indicators of gut permeability and inflammation in adult women. Physiol Behav 2023; 271:114319. [PMID: 37562704 PMCID: PMC10592146 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Gut permeability may increase cardiovascular disease risk by allowing bacterial components (e.g., lipopolysaccharide or LPS) to enter the bloodstream, leading to low-grade inflammation. People with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) consistently display evidence of chronic inflammation, but the source of this inflammation, and whether gut permeability may contribute, is unknown. Moreover, whether ACE status may further perturb obesity-associated gut permeability and inflammation is unknown. Women (N = 79, aged 18-84y) free of cardiometabolic diseases and inflammatory conditions and not regularly taking anti-inflammatory medications were included in a 2 × 2 factorial design with low or high ACE status (either 0 ACEs or 3+ ACEs) and body mass index (BMI) (either normal-weight [18.5-24.9 kg/m2; NW] or obesity [>30 kg/m2; OB]) as factors (n = 15-27/group). Serum LPS binding protein (LBP), soluble CD14 (sCD14), fatty-acid binding protein-2 (FABP2), LPS core IgM, and the ratio of LBP:sCD14 were used as indicators of gut permeability. Inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 were also measured. Data were analyzed using 2-way ANCOVA (age-adjusted). LBP, LBP:sCD14 and FABP2 were higher in OB versus NW, regardless of ACE status (PBMI < 0.05). Higher ACE status was associated with increased circulating LBP:sCD14 and LPS core IgM (PACE < 0.05). sCD14 was unrelated to BMI or ACEs. CRP was elevated in OB versus NW (PBMI < 0.001) and tended to be higher with 3+ ACEs compared to 0 ACEs (PACE = 0.06). Moreover, TNF-α was greater in 3+ ACEs relative to 0 ACEs (PACE = 0.03). IL-6 was unrelated to BMI or ACE status. No interaction effects were observed for any marker of gut permeability or inflammation. In sum, ACE status and obesity were independently associated with evidence of gut permeability and systemic inflammation but did not interact in relation to indicators of gut permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant H Keirns
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, United States of America.
| | - Natalie G Keirns
- Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Cindy E Tsotsoros
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lower College Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States of America
| | - Harley M Layman
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 116 Psychology Building, Stillwater, OK, US 74078, United States of America
| | - Madison E Stout
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 116 Psychology Building, Stillwater, OK, US 74078, United States of America
| | - Austin R Medlin
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, Indiana University School of Public Health, 1025 E. Seventh St., Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America
| | - Christina M Sciarrillo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Nancy Randolph Davis, Stillwater, OK, US 74078, United States of America
| | - T Kent Teague
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74135, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74135, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107
| | - Sam R Emerson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Nancy Randolph Davis, Stillwater, OK, US 74078, United States of America
| | - Misty A W Hawkins
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, Indiana University School of Public Health, 1025 E. Seventh St., Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America
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Aleman RS, Page R, Cedillos R, Montero-Fernández I, Fuentes JAM, Olson DW, Aryana K. Influences of Yogurt with Functional Ingredients from Various Sources That Help Treat Leaky Gut on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Caco-2 Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1511. [PMID: 38004377 PMCID: PMC10675128 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of yogurts made with starter culture bacteria (L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus) and supplemented with ingredients (maitake mushrooms, quercetin, L-glutamine, slippery elm bark, licorice root, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, zinc orotate, and marshmallow root) that can help treat leaky gut were investigated using the Caco-2 cell monolayer as a measure of intestinal barrier dysfunction. Milk from the same source was equally dispersed into nine pails, and the eight ingredients were randomly allocated to the eight pails. The control had no ingredients. The Caco-2 cells were treated with isoflavone genistein (negative control) and growth media (positive control). Inflammation was stimulated using an inflammatory cocktail of cytokines (interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β) and lipopolysaccharide. The yogurt without ingredients (control yogurt) was compared to the yogurt treatments (yogurts with ingredients) that help treat leaky gut. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and paracellular permeability were measured to evaluate the integrity of the Caco-2 monolayer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence microscopy (IM), and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTQPCR) were applied to measure the integrity of tight junction proteins. The yogurts were subjected to gastric and intestinal digestion, and TEER was recorded. Ferrous ion chelating activity, ferric reducing potential, and DPPH radical scavenging were also examined to determine the yogurts' antioxidant capacity. Yogurt with quercetin and marshmallow root improved the antioxidant activity and TEER and had the lowest permeability in fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran and Lucifer yellow flux among the yogurt samples. TEM, IM, and RTQPCR revealed that yogurt enhanced tight junction proteins' localization and gene expression. Intestinal digestion of the yogurt negatively impacted inflammation-induced Caco-2 barrier dysfunction, while yogurt with quercetin, marshmallow root, maitake mushroom, and licorice root had the highest TEER values compared to the control yogurt. Yogurt fortification with quercetin, marshmallow root, maitake mushroom, and licorice root may improve functionality when dealing with intestinal barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo S. Aleman
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA; (R.S.A.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (D.W.O.)
| | - Ryan Page
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA; (R.S.A.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (D.W.O.)
| | - Roberto Cedillos
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA; (R.S.A.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (D.W.O.)
| | - Ismael Montero-Fernández
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciencies, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Jhunior Abraham Marcia Fuentes
- Faculty of Technological Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Agricultura, Road to Dulce Nombre de Culmí, Km 215, Barrio El Espino, Catacamas 16201, Honduras;
| | - Douglas W. Olson
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA; (R.S.A.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (D.W.O.)
| | - Kayanush Aryana
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA; (R.S.A.); (R.P.); (R.C.); (D.W.O.)
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Kim CS, Jung MH, Choi EY, Shin DM. Probiotic supplementation has sex-dependent effects on immune responses in association with the gut microbiota in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:883-898. [PMID: 37780220 PMCID: PMC10522805 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Probiotics have been suggested as potent modulators of age-related disorders in immunological functions, yet little is known about sex-dependent effects of probiotic supplements. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sex-dependent effects of probiotics on profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, healthy elderly individuals ≥ 65 yrs old were administered probiotic capsules (or placebo) for 12 wk. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. Peripheral immune cells were profiled using flow cytometry for lymphocytes (natural killer, B, CD4+ T, and CD8+ T cells), dendritic cells, monocytes, and their subpopulations. RESULTS Compared with placebo, phylum Firmicutes was significantly reduced in the probiotic group in women, but not in men. At the genus level, sex-specific responses included reductions in the relative abundances of pro-inflammatory gut microbes, including Catabacter and unclassified_Coriobacteriales, and Burkholderia and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, in men and women, respectively. Peripheral immune cell profiling analysis revealed that in men, probiotics significantly reduced the proportions of dendritic cells and CD14+ CD16- monocytes; however, these effects were not observed in women. In contrast, the proportion of total CD4+ T cells was significantly reduced in women in the probiotic group. Additionally, serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels showed a decreasing tendency that were positively associated with changes in gut bacteria, including Catabacter (ρ = 0.678, P < 0.05) and Burkholderia (ρ = 0.673, P < 0.05) in men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that probiotic supplementation may reduce the incidence of inflammation-related diseases by regulating the profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy elders in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Information Sciences, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Korea
| | - Min Ho Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Li A, Han X, Liu L, Zhang G, Du P, Zhang C, Li C, Chen B. Dairy products and constituents: a review of their effects on obesity and related metabolic diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37724572 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2257782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a global public health problem that seriously affects the quality of life. As an important part of human diet, dairy products contain a large number of nutrients that are essential for maintaining human health, such as proteins, peptides, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. A growing number of epidemiological investigations provide strong evidence on dairy interventions for weight loss in overweight/obese populations. Therefore, this paper outlines the relationship between the consumption of different dairy products and obesity and related metabolic diseases. In addition, we dive into the mechanisms related to the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism by functional components in dairy products and the interaction with gut microbes. Lastly, the role of dairy products on obesity of children and adolescents is revisited. We conclude that whole dairy products exert more beneficial effect than single milk constituent on alleviating obesity and that dairy matrix has important implications for metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueting Han
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Libo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Du
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Green Food Research Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Bingcan Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
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Bouzid YY, Chin EL, Spearman SS, Alkan Z, Stephensen CB, Lemay DG. No Associations between Dairy Intake and Markers of Gastrointestinal Inflammation in Healthy Adult Cohort. Nutrients 2023; 15:3504. [PMID: 37630694 PMCID: PMC10459578 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dairy products are a good source of essential nutrients and past reviews have shown associations of dairy consumption with decreased systemic inflammation. Links between dairy intake and gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation are under-investigated. Therefore, we examined associations between reported dairy intake and markers of GI inflammation in healthy adults in a cross-sectional observational study, hypothesizing a negative association with yogurt intake, suggesting a protective effect, and no associations with total dairy, fluid milk, and cheese intake. Participants completed 24-h dietary recalls and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess recent and habitual intake, respectively. Those who also provided a stool sample (n = 295), and plasma sample (n = 348) were included in analysis. Inflammation markers from stool, including calprotectin, neopterin, and myeloperoxidase, were measured along with LPS-binding protein (LBP) from plasma. Regression models tested associations between dairy intake variables and inflammation markers with covariates: age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). As yogurt is episodically consumed, we examined differences in inflammation levels between consumers (>0 cup equivalents/day reported in recalls) and non-consumers. We found no significant associations between dairy intake and markers of GI inflammation. In this cohort of healthy adults, dairy intake was not associated with GI inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Y. Bouzid
- USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Elizabeth L. Chin
- USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sarah S. Spearman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zeynep Alkan
- USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Charles B. Stephensen
- USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Danielle G. Lemay
- USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Pokala A, Quarles WR, Ortega-Anaya J, Jimenez-Flores R, Cao S, Zeng M, Hodges JK, Bruno RS. Milk-Fat-Globule-Membrane-Enriched Dairy Milk Compared with a Soy-Lecithin-Enriched Beverage Did Not Adversely Affect Endotoxemia or Biomarkers of Gut Barrier Function and Cardiometabolic Risk in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3259. [PMID: 37513677 PMCID: PMC10384269 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Full-fat dairy milk may protect against cardiometabolic disorders, due to the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), through anti-inflammatory and gut-health-promoting activities. We hypothesized that a MFGM-enriched milk beverage (MEB) would alleviate metabolic endotoxemia in metabolic syndrome (MetS) persons by improving gut barrier function and glucose tolerance. In a randomized crossover trial, MetS persons consumed for two-week period a controlled diet with MEB (2.3 g/d milk phospholipids) or a comparator beverage (COMP) formulated with soy phospholipid and palm/coconut oil. They then provided fasting blood and completed a high-fat/high-carbohydrate test meal challenge for evaluating postprandial metabolism and intestinal permeability. Participants had no adverse effects and achieved high compliance, and there were no between-trial differences in dietary intakes. Compared with COMP, fasting endotoxin, glucose, incretins, and triglyceride were unaffected by MEB. The meal challenge increased postprandial endotoxin, triglyceride, and incretins, but were unaffected by MEB. Insulin sensitivity; fecal calprotectin, myeloperoxidase, and short-chain fatty acids; and small intestinal and colonic permeability were also unaffected by MEB. This short-term study demonstrates that controlled administration of MEB in MetS persons does not affect gut barrier function, glucose tolerance, and other cardiometabolic health biomarkers, which contradicts observational evidence that full-fat milk heightens cardiometabolic risk. Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03860584).
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Pokala
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - William R Quarles
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Joana Ortega-Anaya
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Rafael Jimenez-Flores
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Sisi Cao
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Min Zeng
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Joanna K Hodges
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
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10
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Tutunchi H, Naghshi S, Naemi M, Naeini F, Esmaillzadeh A. Yogurt consumption and risk of mortality from all causes, CVD and cancer: a comprehensive systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1196-1209. [PMID: 36349966 PMCID: PMC10346031 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022002385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify the dose-response relation between yogurt consumption and risk of mortality from all causes, CVD and cancer. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science and Scopus databases through August 2022 for cohort studies reporting the association of yogurt consumption with mortality from all causes, CVD and cancer. Summary relative risks (RR) and 95 % CI were calculated with a random-effects model. PARTICIPANTS Seventeen cohort studies (eighteen publications) of 896 871 participants with 75 791 deaths (14 623 from CVD and 20 554 from cancer). RESULTS High intake of yogurt compared with low intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of deaths from all causes (pooled RR 0·93; 95 % CI: 0·89, 0·98, I2 = 47·3 %, n 12 studies) and CVD (0·89; 95 % CI: 0·81, 0·98, I2 = 33·2 %, n 11), but not with cancer (0·96; 95 % CI: 0·89, 1·03, I2 = 26·5 %, n 12). Each additional serving of yogurt consumption per d was significantly associated with a reduced risk of all-cause (0·93; 95 % CI: 0·86, 0·99, I2 = 63·3 %, n 11) and CVD mortality (0·86; 95 % CI: 0·77, 0·99, I2 = 36·6 %, n 10). There was evidence of non-linearity between yogurt consumption and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, and there was no further reduction in risk above 0·5 serving/d. CONCLUSION Summarising earlier cohort studies, we found an inverse association between yogurt consumption and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality; however, there was no significant association between yogurt consumption and risk of cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Naghshi
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naemi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155-6117Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular – Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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11
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Ford ML, Cooley JM, Sripada V, Xu Z, Erickson JS, Bennett KP, Crawford DR. Eat4Genes: a bioinformatic rational gene targeting app and prototype model for improving human health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1196520. [PMID: 37305078 PMCID: PMC10250663 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1196520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and aims Dietary Rational Gene Targeting (DRGT) is a therapeutic dietary strategy that uses healthy dietary agents to modulate the expression of disease-causing genes back toward the normal. Here we use the DRGT approach to (1) identify human studies assessing gene expression after ingestion of healthy dietary agents with an emphasis on whole foods, and (2) use this data to construct an online dietary guide app prototype toward eventually aiding patients, healthcare providers, community and researchers in treating and preventing numerous health conditions. Methods We used the keywords "human", "gene expression" and separately, 51 different dietary agents with reported health benefits to search GEO, PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical trials, Cochrane library, and EMBL-EBI databases for related studies. Studies meeting qualifying criteria were assessed for gene modulations. The R-Shiny platform was utilized to construct an interactive app called "Eat4Genes". Results Fifty-one human ingestion studies (37 whole food related) and 96 key risk genes were identified. Human gene expression studies were found for 18 of 41 searched whole foods or extracts. App construction included the option to select either specific conditions/diseases or genes followed by food guide suggestions, key target genes, data sources and links, dietary suggestion rankings, bar chart or bubble chart visualization, optional full report, and nutrient categories. We also present user scenarios from physician and researcher perspectives. Conclusion In conclusion, an interactive dietary guide app prototype has been constructed as a first step towards eventually translating our DRGT strategy into an innovative, low-cost, healthy, and readily translatable public resource to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L. Ford
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Jessica M. Cooley
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Veda Sripada
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Zhengwen Xu
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - John S. Erickson
- Rensselaer Institute for Data Exploration and Applications, Renssalaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Kristin P. Bennett
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Rensselaer Institute for Data Exploration and Applications, Renssalaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Dana R. Crawford
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
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12
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Hill C, Tancredi DJ, Cifelli CJ, Slavin JL, Gahche J, Marco ML, Hutkins R, Fulgoni VL, Merenstein D, Sanders ME. Positive Health Outcomes Associated with Live Microbe Intake from Foods, Including Fermented Foods, Assessed using the NHANES Database. J Nutr 2023; 153:1143-1149. [PMID: 36822397 PMCID: PMC10196563 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Live dietary microbes have been hypothesized to contribute to human health but direct evidence is lacking. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether the dietary consumption of live microbes is linked to improved health outcomes. METHODS Data from the NHANES 2001-2018 were used to assess microbial intake and their adjusted associations with selected physiological parameters (e.g., blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and biomarkers) among adults aged 19 y and older. Regression models were constructed to assess the microbial intake with each physiological parameter and adjusted for demographics and other covariates. Microbial intake was assessed as both a continuous variable and a 3-level categorical variable. Fermented foods were assessed in a separate model. RESULTS In continuous models, an additional 100-g intake of microbe-containing foods was associated with a lower systolic blood pressure (regression coefficient: -0.331; 95% CI: -0.447, -0.215 mm Hg), C-reactive protein (-0.013; 95% CI: -0.019, -0.008 mg/dL), plasma glucose -0.347; 95% CI: -0.570, -0.124 mg/dL), plasma insulin (-0.201; 95% CI: -0.304, -0.099 μU/mL), triglyceride (-1.389; 95% CI: -2.672, -0.106 mg/dL), waist circumference (-0.554; 95% CI: -0.679, -0.428 cm), and BMI -0.217; 95% CI: -0.273, -0.160 kg/m2) levels and a higher level of high density lipoprotein cholesterols (0.432; 95% CI: 0.289, 0.574 mg/dL). Patterns were broadly similar when microbial intake was assessed categorically and when fermented foods were assessed separately. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this study is the first to quantify, in a nationally representative data set of American adults and using stable sets of covariates in the regression models, the adjusted associations of dietary intakes of live microbes with a variety of outcomes, such as anthropometric measures, biomarkers, and blood pressure levels. Our findings suggest that foods with higher microbial concentrations are associated with modest health improvements across a range of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Tancredi
- Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | | | - Joanne L Slavin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jaime Gahche
- Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Maria L Marco
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Robert Hutkins
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | | | - Daniel Merenstein
- Research Programs Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Human Science, School of Health, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Sanders
- International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, Centennial, CO, United States.
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13
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Zhang X, Luo Q, Guan X, Tang Y, Chen X, Deng J, Fan J. Effects of fermented dairy products on inflammatory biomarkers: A meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:471-482. [PMID: 36710113 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Fermented dairy products (FDPs) are made from raw milk under the action of specific microorganisms by lactic acid bacteria fermentation or co-fermentation of lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, and yeast. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of FDPs on inflammatory biomarkers. DATA SYNTHESIS A comprehensive search was conducted on four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Finally, fourteen trials (15 arms) were included in this meta-analysis: yogurt (n = 9), fermented milk (n = 4), and kefir (n = 2). Additionally, the random effects model or fixed-effects model was used to pool the study results. Firstly, the analysis indicated that FDPs' supplementation decreased the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = -0.21; 95% CI: -0.40, -0.02; P = 0.033) and increased interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels (SMD = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.23; P = 0.033). Furthermore, we obtained some statistically significant results in the following subgroups: CRP decreased in participants with metabolic diseases. IFN-γ increased in the intervention that lasted ≥12 weeks, Asian, yogurt, and healthy population. Finally, there was no significant effect on tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-2. CONCLUSIONS FDPs reduced CRP and increased IFN-γ, but they had no effect on other inflammatory markers. The results showed that the consumption of FDPs was slightly associated with reduced inflammation, but because of the limited literature, these results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Qiuping Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoxian Guan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yujun Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Jinlan Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Jianming Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
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14
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Hasegawa Y, Pei R, Raghuvanshi R, Liu Z, Bolling BW. Yogurt Supplementation Attenuates Insulin Resistance in Obese Mice by Reducing Metabolic Endotoxemia and Inflammation. J Nutr 2023; 153:703-712. [PMID: 36774230 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is an underlying mechanism for the development of obesity-related health complications. Yogurt consumption inhibits obesity-associated inflammation, but the tissue-specific mechanisms have not been adequately described. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the tissue-specific responses by which yogurt supplementation inhibits inflammation. METHODS C57BL/6 male mice (5 wk old) were fed a Teklad Global 14% Protein Rodent Maintenance diet as a control or a high-fat diet (60% calories from fat) to induce obesity for 11 wk, followed by feeding a Western diet (WD; 43% carbohydrate and 42% fat) or WD supplemented with 5.6% lyophilized yogurt powder for 3 wk to test for the impact of yogurt supplementation. Markers of metabolic endotoxemia and inflammation were assessed in plasma and tissues. Cecal and fecal microbiota were profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS In obese mice, relative to the WD control group, yogurt supplementation attenuated HOMA-IR by 57% (P = 0.020), plasma TNF-α by 31% (P < 0.05) and colonic IFN-γ by 46% (P = 0.0034), which were accompanied by a 40% reduction in plasma LPS binding protein (LBP) (P = 0.0019) and 45% less colonic Lbp expression (P = 0.037), as well as alteration in the beta diversity of cecal microbiota (P = 0.0090) and relative abundance of certain cecal microbes (e.g., Lachnospiraceae Dorea longicatena with P = 0.049). There were no differences in the LBP, Lbp, and Cd14 levels in the liver and small intestine between obese mice with and without yogurt supplementation (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Yogurt consumption inhibits obesity-induced inflammation in mice by modulating colonic endotoxin detoxification, changing the gut microbiota, and improving glucose metabolism. This work helps to establish the underlying mechanisms by which yogurt consumption affects markers of metabolic and immune health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hasegawa
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ruisong Pei
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ruma Raghuvanshi
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- School of Public Health & Health Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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15
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Zhou Q, Qu Z, Wang N, Liu H, Yang H, Wang H. Miao sour soup influences serum lipid via regulation of high‐fat diet‐induced intestinal flora in obese rats. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:2232-2242. [PMID: 37181324 PMCID: PMC10171530 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the gut microbiota and has been shown to cause gut microbiota disturbances. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Miao sour soup (SS) contains abundant short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) which can be used as energy substrates of intestinal flora to selectively stimulate their growth and reproduction. Therefore, we explored whether the intestinal microbiota of rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity could be restored to normal by SS intervention. Male obese rats were divided into five groups randomly after successful modeling of obese rats: normal diet, high-fat diet (HDF), HFD + SS, HFD with antibiotic, and HFD with antibiotic + SS. After 12 weeks of intervention, the weight and serum lipid of obese rats decreased. Furthermore, 16S rRNA analysis showed an imbalance and a decrease in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora in obese rats, which improved after SS intervention. At the phylum level, Firmicutes increased while Proteobacteria decreased. The composition of the intestinal flora recovered at the genus level, inhibiting the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, while the levels of SCFA-producing bacteria such as Blautia and Lactococcus and the levels of SCFAs in cecal contents increased. In addition, SS reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the intestinal mucosa of obese rats, increased the contents of PYY and GLP-1 in colon tissue, and increased the expression of tight junction protein Occludin and ZO-1 in the intestinal epithelium. Taken together, SS can regulate the intestinal flora of obese rats and improve the intestinal flora to facilitate weight loss and lipid reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhou
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- Guizhou provincial Center For Disease Control And Prevention Guiyang China
| | - Zihan Qu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Nanlan Wang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Huiqun Wang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- Guizhou Food Nutrition and Health Engineering Research Center Guiyang China
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16
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Illikoud N, Mantel M, Rolli-Derkinderen M, Gagnaire V, Jan G. Dairy starters and fermented dairy products modulate gut mucosal immunity. Immunol Lett 2022; 251-252:91-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Vita AA, Zwickey H, Bradley R. Associations between food-specific IgG antibodies and intestinal permeability biomarkers. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962093. [PMID: 36147305 PMCID: PMC9485556 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing translational evidence suggests that intestinal permeability may be a contributing factor to systemic inflammatory events and numerous pathologies. While associations between IgE-mediated food allergies and increased intestinal permeability have been well-characterized, the relationship between IgG-mediated food sensitivities and intestinal permeability is not well-described in the literature. Thus, we tested for associations between intestinal permeability biomarkers and food-specific IgG antibodies in 111 adults, with and without gastrointestinal symptoms. All biomarkers and food-specific IgG antibodies were measured via ELISA. The intestinal permeability biomarkers anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-occludin IgG and IgA antibodies, but not anti-vinculin or anti-CdtB IgG antibodies, were significantly and positively associated with IgG-mediated food sensitivities. These significant relationships were attenuated by adjusting for the severity of wheat, dairy, and egg reactions. The results of this study support strong associations between titers of food-specific IgG antibodies and intestinal permeability biomarkers in adults, to the extent that the presence of multiple IgG antibodies to food, and increasing IgG food titers, can be considered indicative of increased antibodies to LPS and occludin. Notably, neither IgG titers to wheat, eggs, and dairy, nor permeability biomarkers, were increased in symptomatic participants compared to those without symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Adorno Vita
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Alexandra Adorno Vita,
| | - Heather Zwickey
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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18
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Jamshidi S, Mohsenpour MA, Masoumi SJ, Fatahi S, Nasimi N, Zahabi ES, Pourrajab B, Shidfar F. Effect of whey protein consumption on IL-6 and TNF-α: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102372. [PMID: 34998259 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Due to inconsistent data about WP supplementation on inflammatory markers, present systematic review and meta-analysis was done to summarize its effect on TNF-α and IL-6. METHODS Our search was done in Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane up to June 2021. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to indicate the effect sizes. Conceivable sources of heterogeneity were detected by subgroup analysis. RESULTS Overall, 11 eligible RCTs were included. The pooled results showed that WP supplementation had no significant effect on TNF-α and IL-6 status compare to those receiving carbohydrate and other types of proteins as placebo. Results from subgroup analysis based on health status, study duration, WP dosage and sex, expressed no favorable effect of WP on TNF-α and IL-6 levels. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that whey supplementation had no favorable effects on inflammatory biomarkers including TNF- α and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Jamshidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Jalil Masoumi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Center for Cohort Study of SUMS Employees' Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Fatahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Nasimi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Sharifi Zahabi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Pourrajab
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Morales JS, Valenzuela PL, Castillo-García A, Butragueño J, Jiménez-Pavón D, Carrera-Bastos P, Lucia A. The Exposome and Immune Health in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2021; 14:24. [PMID: 35010900 PMCID: PMC8746533 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the importance of lifestyle and environmental exposures-collectively referred to as the 'exposome'-for ensuring immune health. In this narrative review, we summarize and discuss the effects of the different exposome components (physical activity, body weight management, diet, sun exposure, stress, sleep and circadian rhythms, pollution, smoking, and gut microbiome) on immune function and inflammation, particularly in the context of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We highlight the potential role of 'exposome improvements' in the prevention-or amelioration, once established-of this disease as well as their effect on the response to vaccination. In light of the existing evidence, the promotion of a healthy exposome should be a cornerstone in the prevention and management of the COVID-19 pandemic and other eventual pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier S. Morales
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Cádiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain;
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Pedro L. Valenzuela
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (P.L.V.); (A.L.)
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (‘PaHerg’), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (‘imas12′), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Butragueño
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Cádiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain;
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden;
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (P.L.V.); (A.L.)
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (‘PaHerg’), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (‘imas12′), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Hess JM, Stephensen CB, Kratz M, Bolling BW. Exploring the Links between Diet and Inflammation: Dairy Foods as Case Studies. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1S-13S. [PMID: 34632478 PMCID: PMC8502778 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic chronic inflammation may be a contributing factor to many noncommunicable diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. With the rapid rise of these conditions, identifying the causes of and treatment for chronic inflammation is an important research priority, especially with regard to modifiable lifestyle factors such as diet. An emerging body of evidence indicates that consuming certain foods, including dairy foods like milk, cheese, and yogurt, may be linked to a decreased risk for inflammation. To discuss both broader research on diet and inflammation as well as research on links between individual foods and inflammation, the National Dairy Council sponsored a satellite session entitled "Exploring the Links between Diet and Inflammation: Dairy Foods as Case Studies" at the American Society for Nutrition's 2020 LIVE ONLINE Conference. This article, a review based on the topics discussed during that session, explores the links between diet and inflammation, focusing most closely on the relations between intake of dairy fat and dairy foods like milk, cheese, and yogurt, and biomarkers of inflammation from clinical trials. While there is currently insufficient evidence to prove an "anti-inflammatory" effect of dairy foods, the substantial body of clinical research discussed in this review indicates that dairy foods do not increase concentrations of biomarkers of chronic systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles B Stephensen
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center and Nutrition Department, University of California, Davis, Davis CA, USA
| | - Mario Kratz
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Food Science, Madison, WI, USA
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21
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Ferro M, Charneca S, Dourado E, Guerreiro CS, Fonseca JE. Probiotic Supplementation for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Promising Adjuvant Therapy in the Gut Microbiome Era. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:711788. [PMID: 34366867 PMCID: PMC8346200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.711788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that ultimately leads to joint destruction and functional disability. Although the exact etiology of RA is not fully understood, it is well established that gut microbiota (GM) plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of RA, with accumulating evidence suggesting that gut dysbiosis induces a chronic inflammatory response that may be linked to disease development. Of interest, patients with RA have significant changes in the intestinal microbiota compared to healthy controls, and several studies have suggested the use of probiotics as a possible adjuvant therapy for RA. Benefits of probiotic supplementation were reported in animal models of arthritis and human studies, but the current evidence regarding the effect of probiotic supplementation in the management of RA remains insufficient to make definite recommendations. Several different strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria, as single species or in mixed culture, have been investigated, and some have demonstrated beneficial effects on disease activity in RA human subjects. As of now, L.casei probiotic bacteria seems to be the strongest candidate for application as adjuvant therapy for RA patients. In this review, we highlight the role of GM in the development and progression of RA and summarize the current knowledge on the use of probiotics as a potential adjuvant therapy for RA. We also review the proposed mechanisms whereby probiotics regulate inflammation. Finally, the role of fermented foods is discussed as a possible alternative to probiotic supplements since they have also been reported to have health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Ferro
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Charneca
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Dourado
- Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, CAML, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Sousa Guerreiro
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, CAML, Lisboa, Portugal
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22
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Qi X, Zhang W, Ge M, Sun Q, Peng L, Cheng W, Li X. Relationship Between Dairy Products Intake and Risk of Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2021; 8:701860. [PMID: 34368211 PMCID: PMC8339299 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.701860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Diet lifestyle can influence the risk of endometriosis. Therefore, we conducted a systematic meta-analysis to investigate the association between dairy products and the risk of endometriosis. Besides, we performed a dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the amount of dairy intake affecting the risk of endometriosis. Methods: Relevant studies were searched from Pubmed, Embase databases, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from the inception to November 6th, 2020. Also, the dose-response meta-analysis was conducted. All the pooled results were performed by risk ratios (RRs). Results: Finally, seven high-quality studies were included in the present meta-analysis. Total dairy intake was inversely associated with the risk of endometriosis, and the risk of endometriosis tended to decrease with a decrease in the risk of endometriosis when dairy products intake was over 21 servings/week (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–1.00; pnon−linearity = 0.04). Similarly, people who consumed more than 18 servings of high-fat dairy products per week had a reduced risk of endometriosis (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.76–0.96). When stratified-analyses were conducted based on specific dairy product categories, it indicated that people with high cheese intake might have a reduced risk of endometriosis (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.74–1.00). Other specific dairy products such as whole milk (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.72–1.12), reduced-fat/skim milk (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.50–1.73), ice cream (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.50–1.73), and yogurt (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.62–1.11) have not shown significant evidence of an association with the risk of endometriosis. However, there is a higher risk of endometriosis in the females with high butter intake compared to females with low butter intake (1.27, 95% CI 1.03–1.55). Conclusions: Overall, dairy products intake was associated with a reduction in endometriosis, with significant effects when the average daily intake ≥3 servings. When analyzed according to the specific type of dairy product, it was shown that females with higher high-fat dairy and cheese intake might have a reduced risk of endometriosis. However, high butter intake might be associated to the increased risk of endometriosis. More future studies are needed to validate and add to this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Mingxiu Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenke Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Xuepeng Li
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
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23
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Rocks T, West M, Hockey M, Aslam H, Lane M, Loughman A, Jacka FN, Ruusunen A. Possible use of fermented foods in rehabilitation of anorexia nervosa: the gut microbiota as a modulator. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 107:110201. [PMID: 33307114 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa is a serious psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality rate. Evidence for the optimal psychopharmacological approach to managing the disorder remains limited, with nutritional treatment, focused on weight restoration through the consumption of high energy diet, regarded as one of the fundamental steps in treatment. The human gut microbiome is increasingly recognised for its proposed role in gastrointestinal, metabolic, immune and mental health, all of which may be compromised in individuals with anorexia nervosa. Dietary intake plays an important role in shaping gut microbiota composition, whilst the use of fermented foods, foods with potential psychobiotic properties that deliver live bacteria, bacterial metabolites, prebiotics and energy, have been discussed to a lesser extent. However, fermented foods are of increasing interest due to their potential capacity to affect gut microbiota composition, provide beneficial bacterial metabolites, and confer beneficial outcomes to host health. This review provides an overview of the role of the gut microbiota in relation to the disease pathology in anorexia nervosa and especially focuses on the therapeutic potential of fermented foods, proposed here as a recommended addition to the current nutritional treatment protocols warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Rocks
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Madeline West
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Meghan Hockey
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Hajara Aslam
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Melissa Lane
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Amy Loughman
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, VIC, Australia; Black Dog Institute, NSW, Australia; James Cook University, QLD; Australia
| | - Anu Ruusunen
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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24
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Changes in intake of dairy product subgroups and risk of type 2 diabetes: modelling specified food substitutions in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3449-3459. [PMID: 33661378 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the association between an increased intake of one dairy product subgroup at the expense of another within a 5-year period and the subsequent 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes. METHODS The cohort included 39,393 adults with two measurements of diet assessed using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) administered in 1993-1997 and 1999-2003. Dairy products were milk (skimmed, semi-skimmed, whole fat), buttermilk, low-fat yogurt, whole-fat yogurt, cheese and butter. Type 2 diabetes cases were ascertained from the Danish National Diabetes Register. The pseudo-observation method was used to calculate risk differences (RD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The data were analysed in age strata to fulfil the assumption of independent entry. RESULTS Among participants aged 56-59 years at completion of the follow-up FFQ, increased intake of whole-fat yogurt in place of skimmed, semi-skimmed or whole-fat milk was associated with a reduced risk (RD% [95% CI]: - 0.8% [- 1.3, - 0.2]; - 0.6% [- 1,1, - 0.1]; - 0.7 [- 1.2, - 0.1]; per 50 g/d, respectively). Among participants aged 60-64 and 65-72, substitution of skimmed milk for semi-skimmed milk was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (0.5% [0.2, 0.7]; 0.4% [0.1, 0.7]; per 50 g/d, respectively). Similar patterns of associations were found after adjustment for potential mediators. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that substitution of whole-fat yogurt for milk among those aged 56-59 decreases risk of type 2 diabetes and substitution of skimmed milk for semi-skimmed milk may increase the risk among those aged 60-64 and 65-72.
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25
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Yuan M, Singer MR, Moore LL. Yogurt Consumption Is Associated with Lower Levels of Chronic Inflammation in the Framingham Offspring Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020506. [PMID: 33557067 PMCID: PMC7913863 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Some studies suggest that dairy foods may be linked with less chronic inflammation. However, few studies have investigated the separate effects of different types of dairy on inflammation. Therefore, the current study aims to examine the separate prospective impacts of milk, yogurt and cheese on biomarkers of chronic inflammation in 1753 community-dwelling participants of the Framingham Offspring Study (FOS). Mean intakes of dairy foods were derived from two sets of three-day diet records. Six inflammatory biomarkers were assessed approximately seven years later at exam 7. Results showed that those who consumed yogurt (vs. those who did not) had statistically significantly lower levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (mean log-transformed levels of 1.31 and 1.26 in consumers/non-consumers, respectively, p = 0.02) and fibrin (mean log-transformed levels of 5.91 and 5.89 in consumers/non-consumers, respectively, p = 0.03). The inverse association between IL-6 and yogurt consumption was similar in participants who were of normal weight and those who were overweight. For fibrin, the effects were stronger in overweight individuals. No statistically significant associations were observed between any of these inflammation biomarkers and milk or cheese intakes. Overall, our study compared the separate impacts of three types of dairy foods on chronic inflammation and found that only yogurt intake was linked with lower levels of chronic inflammation.
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26
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Cancer Related Anemia: An Integrated Multitarget Approach and Lifestyle Interventions. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020482. [PMID: 33535496 PMCID: PMC7912724 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is often accompanied by worsening of the patient's iron profile, and the resulting anemia could be a factor that negatively impacts antineoplastic treatment efficacy and patient survival. The first line of therapy is usually based on oral or intravenous iron supplementation; however, many patients remain anemic and do not respond. The key might lie in the pathogenesis of the anemia itself. Cancer-related anemia (CRA) is characterized by a decreased circulating serum iron concentration and transferrin saturation despite ample iron stores, pointing to a more complex problem related to iron homeostatic regulation and additional factors such as chronic inflammatory status. This review explores our current understanding of iron homeostasis in cancer, shedding light on the modulatory role of hepcidin in intestinal iron absorption, iron recycling, mobilization from liver deposits, and inducible regulators by infections and inflammation. The underlying relationship between CRA and systemic low-grade inflammation will be discussed, and an integrated multitarget approach based on nutrition and exercise to improve iron utilization by reducing low-grade inflammation, modulating the immune response, and supporting antioxidant mechanisms will also be proposed. Indeed, a Mediterranean-based diet, nutritional supplements and exercise are suggested as potential individualized strategies and as a complementary approach to conventional CRA therapy.
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27
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Khorraminezhad L, Rudkowska I. Effect of Yogurt Consumption on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: a Narrative Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2021; 10:83-92. [PMID: 33405074 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-020-00344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises risk factors such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Here we described the outcome of various yogurt consumption, either conventional, low-fat, high-fat, Greek, or enriched with nutrients or probiotics: (1) on the parameters of MetS risk factors and (2) on the mechanisms of action of the MetS risk factors. RECENT FINDING The majority (25 studies) of clinical trials and meta-analyses of clinical trials reported a beneficial effect of yogurt consumption in the prevention of MetS risk. Yogurt components, such as calcium, vitamin D, proteins, and probiotics, were associated with the multiple beneficial effects on the prevention of MetS. In general, yogurt consumption may be promoted within healthy dietary patterns to prevent MetS. More studies are needed to determine what type of yogurt has the greatest benefits for specific MetS risk factor prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Khorraminezhad
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, CHUL - 2705, Boulevard. Laurier, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, CHUL - 2705, Boulevard. Laurier, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada. .,Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
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28
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Madison AA, Andridge R, Padin AC, Wilson S, Bailey MT, Alfano CM, Povoski SP, Lipari AM, Agnese DM, Carson WE, Malarkey WB, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Endotoxemia coupled with heightened inflammation predicts future depressive symptoms. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 122:104864. [PMID: 33166799 PMCID: PMC7721058 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cross-sectional data have linked gut barrier abnormalities and endotoxemia with depression, even among those without gastrointestinal symptoms. This study examined longitudinal associations between endotoxemia markers and depressive symptoms, as well as the role of inflammation in this relationship. DESIGN At three annual visits, 315 women (n=209 breast cancer survivors, n = 106 non-cancer patient controls, M=55 years old) completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression questionnaire (CES-D) and provided blood samples to assess inflammatory markers - interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and C-reactive protein - and endotoxemia markers - lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), soluble CD14 (sCD14), and their ratio. RESULTS Adjusting for key demographic variables, health behaviors, visit 1 depressive symptoms, and cancer status and treatment, women with higher visit 1 LBP and LBP/sCD14 had more depressive symptoms at the two subsequent annual visits. Illustrating the notable impact, a woman at the 75th percentile for LBP or LBP/sCD14 at visit 1 was 18 % more likely to report clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥16) at follow-up than a woman in the lowest quartile. Cancer status and treatment type did not modulate this relationship. In contrast, visit 1 depressive symptoms did not predict endotoxemia at follow-up. A significant interaction between LBP/sCD14 and inflammatory burden suggested that visit 1 endotoxemia fueled depressive symptoms only in the context of elevated inflammation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that endotoxemia, combined with systemic inflammation, can drive depressive symptoms. These findings may implicate bacterial endotoxin translocation from the gut to the bloodstream in depression etiology. Interventions that reduce endotoxemia and inflammation may lessen the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise A. Madison
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine,,Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University
| | - Rebecca Andridge
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine,,College of Public Health, The Ohio State University
| | - Avelina C. Padin
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine,,Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University
| | | | - Michael T. Bailey
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine,,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine,,Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | - William B. Malarkey
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine,,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
| | - Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine,,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University College of Medicine
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Nieman KM, Anderson BD, Cifelli CJ. The Effects of Dairy Product and Dairy Protein Intake on Inflammation: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 40:571-582. [PMID: 32870744 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1800532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is associated with obesity and chronic disease risk. Intake of dairy foods is associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease; however, the impact of dairy foods on inflammation is not well-established. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the effect of dairy product (milk, cheese, and yogurt) and dairy protein consumption on low-grade systemic inflammation in adults without severe inflammatory disorders. A literature search was completed in September 2019 using PubMed and CENTRAL as well as inspection of reference lists from relevant review articles. The search resulted in the identification of 27 randomized controlled trials which were included in this analysis. In the 19 trials which evaluated dairy products, 10 reported no effect of the intervention, while 8 reported a reduction in at least one biomarker of inflammation. All 8 trials that investigated dairy protein intake on markers of inflammation reported no effect of the intervention. The available literature suggests that dairy products and dairy proteins have neutral to beneficial effects on biomarkers of inflammation. Additional clinical studies designed using inflammatory biomarkers as the primary outcome are needed to fully elucidate the effects of dairy intake on inflammation.
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30
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Association between yogurt consumption and plasma soluble CD14 in two prospective cohorts of US adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:929-938. [PMID: 32548645 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although evidence suggests an inverse association between yogurt consumption and the risk of disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and certain cancers, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to examine the association between yogurt consumption and concentrations of plasma soluble CD14, a marker of gut barrier dysfunction. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from 632 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1989-1990) and 444 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1993-1994) with soluble CD14 concentrations. We estimated yogurt consumption from food frequency questionnaires. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression models to estimate the percentage difference (95% CI) of soluble CD14 concentrations by yogurt consumption. RESULTS Among men, higher consumption was associated with a lower soluble CD14 concentration (at least 2 cups/week vs. non-consumers; unadjusted % difference: - 7.6%; 95% CI - 13.0%, - 2.1%; Ptrend = 0.003). The inverse association was slightly attenuated following multivariable adjustment (% difference: - 5.8%; 95% CI - 11.0%, - 0.1%; Ptrend = 0.01). For the same comparison, yogurt consumption was inverse, but not statistically significant associated with soluble CD14 concentration in women (% difference: - 1.2%; 95% CI - 5.6%, 3.5%; Ptrend = 0.64). In stratified analyses, the inverse association between yogurt consumption and the concentrations of soluble CD14 was slightly stronger in men who consumed alcohol at least 20 g/day. CONCLUSIONS Higher yogurt consumption was associated with lower soluble CD14 concentrations, especially in men. Our findings suggest the strengthening of gut barrier function as a plausible mechanism for the observed inverse associations of yogurt consumption with gastrointestinal diseases and disorders involving other systems.
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Moosavian SP, Rahimlou M, Saneei P, Esmaillzadeh A. Effects of dairy products consumption on inflammatory biomarkers among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:872-888. [PMID: 32409275 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to summarize earlier studies on the effects of dairy consumption on inflammatory biomarkers in adults and to quantify these effects through meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS A comprehensive search of all relevant articles, published up to December 2019 indexed in PubMed, ISI (Institute for Scientific Information), EmBase, Scopus, and Google Scholar was done using relevant keywords. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of dairy products consumption, compared with low or no dairy intake, on inflammatory biomarkers in adults were included. Overall, 11 RCTs with 663 participants were included in this meta-analysis. We found that high consumption of dairy products, compared with low or no dairy intake, might significantly reduce CRP [weighed mean difference (WMD): -0.24 mg/L; 95% CI, -0.35, -0.14], TNF-α (WMD:- 0.66 pg/mL; 95% CI, -1.23, -0.09), IL-6 (WMD: -0.74 pg/mL; 95% CI, -1.36, -0.12), and MCP concentrations (WMD: -25.58 pg/mL; 95% CI, -50.31, -0.86). However, when the analyses were confined to cross-over trials, no such beneficial effects of dairy intake on inflammation were observed. In addition, high dairy intake might result in increased adiponectin levels (WMD: 2.42 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.17, 4.66). No significant effect of dairy consumption on serum leptin (WMD: -0.32 ng/mL; 95% CI, -3.30, 2.65), ICAM-1 (WMD: -3.38 ng/ml; 95% CI, -15.57, 8.96) and VCAM-1 (WMD: 3.1 ng/mL; 95% CI, -21.38, 27.58) levels was observed. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current meta-analysis indicated that dairy intake might improve several inflammatory biomarkers in adults. In most subgroups without heterogeneity, effects tended to be null. Study design and participants' age were the main sources of heterogeneity. More research, with a particular focus on fat content of dairy foods, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Parisa Moosavian
- Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Para-Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hirahatake KM, Bruno RS, Bolling BW, Blesso C, Alexander LM, Adams SH. Dairy Foods and Dairy Fats: New Perspectives on Pathways Implicated in Cardiometabolic Health. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:266-279. [PMID: 31555799 PMCID: PMC7442361 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-fat and nonfat dairy products have been promoted as part of a healthy dietary pattern by both US dietary guidelines and professional organizations for several decades. The basis for this recommendation stems in part from the putative negative cardiometabolic effects associated with saturated fat consumption. However, as nutrition research has shifted from a single nutrient to a whole-food/dietary pattern approach, the role of dairy foods and dairy fat in the diet-disease relationship is being reexamined. Most observational and experimental evidence does not support a detrimental relationship between full-fat dairy intake and cardiometabolic health, including risks of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, an expanded understanding of the dairy food matrix and the bioactive properties of dairy fats and other constituents suggests a neutral or potentially beneficial role in cardiometabolic health. To consider how consuming dairy foods, including full-fat dairy, is associated with cardiometabolic health, this review provides an innovative perspective on mechanisms that link dairy consumption to 3 main biological systems at the core of metabolic health, the gastrointestinal, hepatic, and vascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Hirahatake
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture, Health and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Lacy M Alexander
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sean H Adams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA,Address correspondence to SHA (e-mail: )
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33
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Hodges JK, Zhu J, Yu Z, Vodovotz Y, Brock G, Sasaki GY, Dey P, Bruno RS. Intestinal-level anti-inflammatory bioactivities of catechin-rich green tea: Rationale, design, and methods of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial in metabolic syndrome and healthy adults. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 17:100495. [PMID: 31799477 PMCID: PMC6881604 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia initiates low-grade chronic inflammation in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and provokes the progression towards more advanced cardiometabolic disorders. Our recent works in obese rodent models demonstrate that catechin-rich green tea extract (GTE) improves gut barrier integrity to alleviate the translocation of gut-derived endotoxin and its consequent pro-inflammatory responses mediated through Toll-like receptor-4/nuclear factor κB (TLR4/NFκB) signaling. The objective of this clinical trial is to establish the efficacy of GTE to alleviate metabolic endotoxemia-associated inflammation in persons with MetS by improving gut barrier function. We plan a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial in persons with MetS and age- and gender-matched healthy persons (18-65 y; n = 20/group) who will receive a low-energy GTE-rich (1 g/day; 890 mg total catechins) confection snack food while following a low-polyphenol diet for 28 days. Assessments will include measures of circulating endotoxin (primary outcome) and secondary outcomes including biomarkers of endotoxin exposure, region-specific measures of intestinal permeability, gut microbiota composition, diversity, and functions, intestinal and systemic inflammatory responses, and catechins and microbiota-derived catechin metabolites. Study outcomes will provide the first report of the GTE-mediated benefits that alleviate gut barrier dysfunction in relation to endotoxemia-associated inflammation in MetS persons. This is expected to help establish an effective dietary strategy to mitigate the growing burden of MetS that currently affects ~35% of Americans.
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Key Words
- BMI, body mass index
- Catechin
- Endotoxemia
- GTE, green tea extract
- Gut barrier function
- Gut dysbiosis
- Gut microbiota
- Inflammation
- LBP, LPS binding protein
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- MetS, metabolic syndrome
- Metabolic syndrome
- NFκB, nuclear factor κB
- PCoA, principal coordinates analysis
- SCFA, short chain fatty acid
- TLR4, Toll-like receptor-4
- TNF- α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- Tea
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K. Hodges
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhongtang Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yael Vodovotz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Guy Brock
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Priyankar Dey
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard S. Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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34
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Schmid D, Song M, Zhang X, Willett WC, Vaidya R, Giovannucci EL, Michels KB. Yogurt consumption in relation to mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes: a prospective investigation in 2 cohorts of US women and men. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:689-697. [PMID: 31968071 PMCID: PMC7049530 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a link between regular yogurt consumption and mortality appears plausible, data are sparse and have yielded inconsistent results. OBJECTIVES We examined the association between regular yogurt consumption and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US women and men. METHODS A total of 82,348 women in the Nurses' Health Study and 40,278 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer in 1980 (women) or 1986 (men) were followed up until 2012. Yogurt consumption was assessed by updated validated FFQs. RESULTS During 3,354,957 person-years of follow-up, 20,831 women and 12,397 men died. Compared with no yogurt consumption, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of mortality were 0.89 (0.86, 0.93), 0.85 (0.81, 0.89), 0.88 (0.84, 0.91), and 0.91 (0.85, 0.98) for ≤1-3 servings/mo, 1 serving/wk, 2-4 servings/wk, and >4 servings/wk in women (P-trend = 0.34), respectively. For men, the corresponding HRs (95% CIs) were 0.99 (0.94, 1.03), 0.98 (0.91, 1.05), 1.04 (0.98, 1.10), and 1.05 (0.95, 1.16), respectively. We further noted inverse associations for cancer mortality (multivariable-adjusted HR comparing extreme categories: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.98; P-trend = 0.04) and CVD mortality (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.08; P-trend = 0.41) in women, although the latter was attenuated in the multivariable-adjusted model. Replacement of 1 serving/d of yogurt with 1 serving/d of nuts (women and men) or whole grains (women) was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, whereas replacement of yogurt with red meat, processed meat (women and men), and milk or other dairy foods (women) was associated with a greater mortality. CONCLUSIONS In our study, regular yogurt consumption was related to lower mortality risk among women. Given that no clear dose-response relation was apparent, this result must be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schmid
- Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division for Quantitative Methods in Public Health and Health Services Research, Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT—Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tiol, Austria
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rita Vaidya
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karin B Michels
- Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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35
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Bustamante MF, Agustín-Perez M, Cedola F, Coras R, Narasimhan R, Golshan S, Guma M. Design of an anti-inflammatory diet (ITIS diet) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 17:100524. [PMID: 32025586 PMCID: PMC6997513 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that affects synovial joints, leading to inflammation, joint destruction, loss of function, and disability. Although recent pharmaceutical advances have improved treatment of RA, patients with RA often inquire about dietary interventions to improve RA symptoms, as they perceive rapid changes in their symptoms after consumption of certain foods. There is evidence that some ingredients have pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, recent literature has shown a link between diet and microbiome changes. Both diet and the gut microbiome are linked to circulating metabolites that may modulate inflammation. However, evidence of the effects of an anti-inflammatory and probiotic-rich diet in patients with RA is scarce. There is also a need for biological data to support its anti-inflammatory effects. Methods The main goal of this study is to delineate the design process for a diet tailored to our RA population. To achieve this goal, we collected information on diet, supplements, cooking methods, and intake of different ingredients for each patient. Different groups were interviewed, and their feedback was assessed to design a diet that incorporates suggested anti-inflammatory ingredients in a manner that was easy for patients to adopt based on their lifestyles and backgrounds. Results We designed a diet that includes a high intake of potential anti-inflammatory ingredients. Feedback from highly motivated patients was critical in constructing an anti-inflammatory diet (ITIS diet) with elevated adherence. Conclusion In order to tailor our diet, we surveyed our patients on several different parameters. We obtained important feedback on how feasible our ITIS diet is for RA patients. Using this feedback, we made minor improvements and finalized the design of the ITIS diet. This diet is being used in an on-going pilot study to determine their anti-inflammatory effect in pain and joint swelling in RA patients. Trial registration Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta F Bustamante
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Francesca Cedola
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Roxana Coras
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Plaça Cívica, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rekha Narasimhan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shahrokh Golshan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Monica Guma
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Plaça Cívica, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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36
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Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Endotoxemia with Dietary Factors. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102277. [PMID: 31547555 PMCID: PMC6835897 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia is a condition in which blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels are elevated, regardless of the presence of obvious infection. It has been suggested to lead to chronic inflammation-related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), pancreatitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, it has attracted attention as a target for the prevention and treatment of these chronic diseases. As metabolic endotoxemia was first reported in mice that were fed a high-fat diet, research regarding its relationship with diets has been actively conducted in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize the relationship between fat intake and induction of metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on gut dysbiosis and the influx, kinetics, and metabolism of LPS. We also summarize the recent findings about dietary factors that attenuate metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on the regulation of gut microbiota. We hope that in the future, control of metabolic endotoxemia using dietary factors will help maintain human health.
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37
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Ulven SM, Holven KB, Gil A, Rangel-Huerta OD. Milk and Dairy Product Consumption and Inflammatory Biomarkers: An Updated Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:S239-S250. [PMID: 31089732 PMCID: PMC6518147 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk and dairy products contribute ≤14% of the caloric intake in developed countries. Recent evidence has shown controversial results with regard to the role of dairy products in deleterious processes such as inflammation. The increasing number of studies on the anti- and proinflammatory effects of milk and dairy products in the past 5 y reflects the growing interest in this area of research. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the scientific evidence provided in the past 5 y on the effects of milk and dairy products on inflammatory biomarkers provided by randomized clinical trials. The search strategy was conducted in Medline (via PubMed) and Scopus (which includes EMBASE and the Web of Science) databases and included articles from 1 January 2012 to 30 April 2018. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane methodology. The number of study participants, type of study, doses, and the key results are reported. The following primary outcomes were considered for inclusion: circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukins, cytokines, and vascular adhesion molecules or expression of proinflammatory genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells; however, the primary outcomes considered were not limited to these. Sixteen studies (15 articles) included in this systematic review reported on healthy individuals and subjects who were overweight or obese and who had metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. The consumption of milk or dairy products did not show a proinflammatory effect in healthy subjects or individuals with metabolic abnormalities. The majority of studies documented a significant anti-inflammatory effect in both healthy and metabolically abnormal subjects, although not all the articles were of high quality. This review was registered on PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=94535 as CRD42018094535.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain,ibs.GRANADA, University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain,CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30028), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar D Rangel-Huerta
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Address correspondence to ODR-H (e-mail: )
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Markova M, Koelman L, Hornemann S, Pivovarova O, Sucher S, Machann J, Rudovich N, Thomann R, Schneeweiss R, Rohn S, Pfeiffer AFH, Aleksandrova K. Effects of plant and animal high protein diets on immune-inflammatory biomarkers: A 6-week intervention trial. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:862-869. [PMID: 30967307 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pro-inflammatory biomarkers are well-established contributors to insulin resistance and represent valid targets for diabetes management and prevention. Yet, little is known whether nutrition could play a role in modulating various aspects of immune-inflammatory responses. Our aim is to assess the effect of isocaloric animal and plant protein dietary interventions on selected biomarkers representing various immune-inflammatory pathways. METHODS We enrolled 37 participants with type 2 diabetes (age 64 ± 6 years, body mass index 30.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2, glycated hemoglobin 7.0 ± 0.6%) who underwent an either high-animal protein (AP) or high-plant protein (PP) diet (30 E% protein, 40 E% carbohydrates, 30 E% fat) for 6-weeks. Clinical examinations were performed at beginning and end of the study. Levels of pro-inflammatory adipokines [chemerin, progranulin], cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)], and proteins [calprotectin, lactoferrin and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)] were determined in blood serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Chemerin and progranulin concentrations decreased following AP and PP diets. TGF-β1 increased in AP and decreased in PP, whereas calprotectin increased in PP and decreased in AP. No statistically significant differences in the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, suPAR, lactoferrin and GDF-15 could be seen in either of the protein diet arms. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that both AP and PP diets may effectively reduce the levels of the pro-inflammatory adipokines chemerin and progranulin. The effects on the additional immune-inflammatory biomarkers seem to be more complex. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER NCT02402985 (ww.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Markova
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
| | - Liselot Koelman
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Silke Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Olga Pivovarova
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sucher
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Juergen Machann
- University of Tübingen, Experimental Radiology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Natalia Rudovich
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Buelach, Buelach, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Thomann
- Institut für Getreideverarbeitung GmbH, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute for Food and Environmental Research, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam, Germany.
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39
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Yanni AE, Kokkinos A, Psychogiou G, Binou P, Kartsioti K, Chatzigeorgiou A, Konstantopoulos P, Perrea D, Tentolouris N, Karathanos VT. Daily consumption of fruit-flavored yoghurt enriched with vitamins B contributes to lower energy intake and body weight reduction, in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial. Food Funct 2019; 10:7435-7443. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01796h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fruit-yoghurt enriched with vitamins B promotes body weight reduction and improves vitamin B status and homocysteine levels in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia E. Yanni
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
- Harokopio University
- Athens
- Greece
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- Diabetes Laboratory
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine
- Laiko General Hospital
- School of Medicine
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Georgia Psychogiou
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
- Harokopio University
- Athens
- Greece
| | - Panagiota Binou
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
- Harokopio University
- Athens
- Greece
| | - Kleio Kartsioti
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
- Harokopio University
- Athens
- Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis Konstantopoulos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgery Research
- School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Athens
- Greece
| | - Despina Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgery Research
- School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Athens
- Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- Diabetes Laboratory
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine
- Laiko General Hospital
- School of Medicine
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Vaios T. Karathanos
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
- Harokopio University
- Athens
- Greece
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40
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Kok CR, Hutkins R. Yogurt and other fermented foods as sources of health-promoting bacteria. Nutr Rev 2018; 76:4-15. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Car Reen Kok
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Robert Hutkins
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Pei R, DiMarco DM, Putt KK, Martin DA, Chitchumroonchokchai C, Bruno RS, Bolling BW. Premeal Low-Fat Yogurt Consumption Reduces Postprandial Inflammation and Markers of Endotoxin Exposure in Healthy Premenopausal Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2018; 148:910-916. [PMID: 29767743 PMCID: PMC5991203 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic endotoxemia is associated with obesity and contributes to postprandial inflammation. Objective We aimed to determine if low-fat yogurt consumption prevents postprandial inflammation and dysmetabolism in healthy women by inhibiting biomarkers of metabolic endotoxemia. Methods Premenopausal women defined as obese and nonobese [body mass index (BMI, in kg/m2) 30-40 and 18.5-27, respectively, n = 120] were randomly assigned to consume 339 g of low-fat yogurt (YN, yogurt nonobese; YO, yogurt obese) or 324 g of soy pudding (CN, control nonobese; CO, control obese) for 9 wk (n = 30/group). The intervention foods each supplied 330 kcal with 3 g fat, 66 g carbohydrate, and 4-6 g protein. At weeks 0 and 9, participants ingested 226 g of yogurt or 216 g of soy pudding before a meal providing 56-60 g fat, 82 g carbohydrate, and 28-30 g protein. Plasma soluble CD14 (sCD14), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), LPS activity, interleukin-6 (IL-6), glucose, triglyceride, and insulin were measured hourly for 4 h to assess differences in postprandial responses between groups by 2-factor ANOVA. Results Premeal yogurt consumption prevented the postprandial decrease in sCD14 net incremental area under the curve (net iAUC) by 72% in obese individuals at week 0 (P = 0.0323). YN and YO had ≥40% lower net iAUC of LBP-to-sCD14 ratio and plasma IL-6 concentration than CN and CO, respectively (P < 0.05). CO had postprandial hyperglycemia which was not evident in YO; in contrast YN had 57% less postprandial hypoglycemia than did CN (P-interaction = 0.0013). After 9 wk of yogurt consumption, ΔAUC of LBP-to-sCD14 ratios of YO and YN were less than half of those of the control groups (P = 0.0093). Conclusion Yogurt consumption improved postprandial metabolism and biomarkers of metabolic endotoxemia in healthy premenopausal women. Premeal yogurt consumption is a feasible strategy to inhibit postprandial dysmetabolism and thus may reduce cardiometabolic risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01686204.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisong Pei
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT,Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Diana M DiMarco
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Kelley K Putt
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Derek A Martin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT,Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT,Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,Address correspondence to BWB (e-mail: )
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Fallah Z, Feizi A, Hashemipour M, Kelishadi R. Effect of fermented camel milk on glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory biomarkers of adolescents with metabolic syndrome: A double-blind, randomized, crossover trial. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 23:32. [PMID: 29887900 PMCID: PMC5961288 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_1191_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study, for the first time, aimed to assess the effects of fermented camel milk (FCM) on glycemic and inflammatory parameters related to metabolic syndrome (MetS), an aggregation of cardiometabolic risk factors, in adolescents. Materials and Methods: In a double-blind, randomized crossover trial, overweight/obese adolescents (fulfilling MetS criteria, aged 11–18 years) were randomly assigned to receive FCM 250 cc per day for an 8-week period, a 4-week washout, and then diluted cow's yogurt (DCY) 250 cc/day for another 8-week period, or the reverse sequence. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin, insulin resistance by three equations, incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) as well as inflammatory markers such as interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured before and after each of the four periods. A 3-day food record and physical activity questionnaire were completed before each period. Statistical analyses were done using Minitab and SPSS software considering the significance level of 0.05. Results: Twenty-four participants with a mean (standard deviation) age of 13.77 (1.87) years (range: 10.45–16.25 years) (58% girls) completed the study. It resulted in nonsignificant mean reduction in IL6 (−18.28 pg/mL [95% confidence interval [CI]: −47.48; 10.90]; P = 0.20) and nonsignificant increase in glucose metabolizing hormones such as GIP (683.10 pg/mL [95% CI: −457.84; 1824.0]; P = 0.22) and GLP1 (6.98 pg/mL [95% CI: −66.61; 80.57]; P = 0.84) by FCM consumption in comparison to DCY. Nonsignificant decrease was observed in TNF-α in the first periods of the study. The changes of FBS, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance indices were not statistically significant as well. Conclusion: According to preliminary positive influences of FCM on inflammatory markers, and findings related to glucose metabolism, we suggest conducting further studies on its clinical impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fallah
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahin Hashemipour
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Harnessing the Power of Microbiome Assessment Tools as Part of Neuroprotective Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine Interventions. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6020035. [PMID: 29693607 PMCID: PMC6027349 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An extensive body of evidence documents the importance of the gut microbiome both in health and in a variety of human diseases. Cell and animal studies describing this relationship abound, whilst clinical studies exploring the associations between changes in gut microbiota and the corresponding metabolites with neurodegeneration in the human brain have only begun to emerge more recently. Further, the findings of such studies are often difficult to translate into simple clinical applications that result in measurable health outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to appraise the literature on a select set of faecal biomarkers from a clinician’s perspective. This practical review aims to examine key physiological processes that influence both gastrointestinal, as well as brain health, and to discuss how tools such as the characterisation of commensal bacteria, the identification of potential opportunistic, pathogenic and parasitic organisms and the quantification of gut microbiome biomarkers and metabolites can help inform clinical decisions of nutrition and lifestyle medicine practitioners.
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Lordan R, Tsoupras A, Mitra B, Zabetakis I. Dairy Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: Do We Really Need to be Concerned? Foods 2018; 7:E29. [PMID: 29494487 PMCID: PMC5867544 DOI: 10.3390/foods7030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a major cause of death and morbidity globally and diet plays a crucial role in the disease prevention and pathology. The negative perception of dairy fats stems from the effort to reduce dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake due to their association with increased cholesterol levels upon consumption and the increased risk of CVD development. Institutions that set dietary guidelines have approached dairy products with negative bias and used poor scientific data in the past. As a result, the consumption of dairy products was considered detrimental to our cardiovascular health. In western societies, dietary trends indicate that generally there is a reduction of full-fat dairy product consumption and increased low-fat dairy consumption. However, recent research and meta-analyses have demonstrated the benefits of full-fat dairy consumption, based on higher bioavailability of high-value nutrients and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, the relationship between dairy consumption, cardiometabolic risk factors and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases are discussed. Functional dairy foods and the health implications of dairy alternatives are also considered. In general, evidence suggests that milk has a neutral effect on cardiovascular outcomes but fermented dairy products, such as yoghurt, kefir and cheese may have a positive or neutral effect. Particular focus is placed on the effects of the lipid content on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | | | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
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