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Neppl TK, Diggs ON, Neppl AK, Denburg NL. Adolescent predictors of psychiatric disorders in adulthood: The role of emotional distress and problem drinking in emerging adulthood. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:799-809. [PMID: 36847258 PMCID: PMC10460462 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated risk factors in adolescence on problem drinking and emotional distress in late adolescence and emerging adulthood, and meeting criteria for diagnosed disorders in adulthood. The study included 501 parents and their adolescent who participated from middle adolescence to adulthood. Risk factors in middle adolescence (age 18) included parent alcohol use, adolescent alcohol use, and parent and adolescent emotional distress. In late adolescence (age 18), binge drinking and emotional distress were assessed, and in emerging adulthood (age 25), alcohol problems and emotional distress were examined. Meeting criteria for substance use, behavioral, affective, or anxiety disorders were examined between the ages of 26 and 31. Results showed parent alcohol use predicted substance use disorder through late adolescent binge drinking and emerging adulthood alcohol problems. Behavioral disorders were indirectly predicted by adolescent and emerging adult emotional distress. Affective disorders were indirectly predicted by parent emotional distress through adolescent emotional distress. Finally, anxiety disorders were predicted by parent alcohol use via adolescent drinking; parent emotional distress via adolescent emotional distress, and through adolescent alcohol use and emotional distress. Results provided support for the intergenerational transmission of problem drinking and emotional distress on meeting criteria for diagnosed psychiatric disorders in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia K Neppl
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Olivia N Diggs
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ashlyn K Neppl
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Natalie L Denburg
- Departments of Neurology and Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Fernandes RC, Höfelmann DA. Simultaneity of health-related behaviors and food insecurity among pregnant women. Health Care Women Int 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38394291 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2024.2317334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The researchers aimed through this cross-sectional study to explore the co-occurrence of health-related behaviors and their association with food insecurity in pregnant women. The investigated behaviors include smoking, alcohol consumption, non-regular consumption of fruit, and physical inactivity among 605 participants. Our findings reveal that women experiencing food insecurity exhibit a higher prevalence of simultaneous engagement in specific health behaviors. Specifically, the co-occurrence of alcohol consumption and non-regular fruit consumption is elevated, as is the co-occurrence of smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity, and alcohol consumption, regular fruit consumption, and physical inactivity. The implications of these findings underscore the need for targeted interventions addressing both food insecurity and clustered health behaviors during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Cordeiro Fernandes
- Post-Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Doroteia Aparecida Höfelmann
- Post-Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Collective Health, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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3
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Powell TW, Offiong A, Lewis Q, Prioleau M, Smith B, Johnson RM. "I've smoked weed with my daughter": Cannabis Use within Families Affected by Parental Opioid Misuse. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2023; 155:107235. [PMID: 37982095 PMCID: PMC10655551 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Youth with parents who use opioids are more likely to engage in early substance use, especially cannabis use. The purpose of this study was to describe the context of cannabis use among families affected by parental opioid misuse. We conducted 25 in-depth interviews with families affected by parental opioid misuse. Participants were parents with a history of opioid misuse and young adults (ages 18-24) who had parents with a history of opioid misuse. Interviews were digitally recorded and professionally transcribed. Data were analyzed inductively using a qualitative content analytic approach. Familial cannabis use was common among young people and their parents. Participants described familial cannabis use as a bonding activity that felt safe and lightened the mood. Additional research is needed to understand the complex role that cannabis use may play in families affected by opioid misuse. Strategies for intergenerational substance use prevention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrinieka W. Powell
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, 615 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Asari Offiong
- Child Trends, 12300 Twinbrook Pkwy suite 235, Rockville, MD 20852, United States
| | - Quiana Lewis
- Child Trends, 12300 Twinbrook Pkwy suite 235, Rockville, MD 20852, United States
| | - Morgan Prioleau
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, 615 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Bianca Smith
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, 615 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Renee M. Johnson
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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Neppl TK, Lee J, Diggs ON, Lohman BJ, Russell D. The intergenerational transmission of economic adversity, BMI, and emotional distress from adolescence to middle adulthood. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2023; 37:1137-1147. [PMID: 37796604 PMCID: PMC10872786 DOI: 10.1037/fam0001155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the intergenerational transmission of economic adversity, as well as physical and mental health across generations. Specifically, we examined the effects of parental economic adversity, body mass index (BMI), and emotional distress during the child's adolescence on their economic adversity, BMI, and emotional distress in middle adulthood. The study included 366 Generation 1 (G1) mothers and fathers and their adolescents (Generation 2; G2) in middle adulthood. G1 behavior was examined when G2 was 16 years old and G2 behavior was assessed at Age 42. In line with aspects of the family stress model, economic hardship was related to economic pressure, which in turn was related to emotional distress for both G1 and G2. For each generation, economic pressure was also associated with BMI. There was also evidence of the intergenerational transmission of economic hardship, BMI, and emotional distress from G1 to G2. Finally, the intergenerational transmission of economic adversity in the family of origin to adult health outcomes was explained by these same health behaviors of the first generation. Results suggest that economic adversity and parental health behaviors as experienced in adolescence have long-term economic and health consequences into middle adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia K Neppl
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University
| | - Jeenkyoung Lee
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University
| | - Olivia N Diggs
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University
| | - Brenda J Lohman
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri
| | - Daniel Russell
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University
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Park S, Yon H, Ban CY, Shin H, Eum S, Lee SW, Shin YH, Shin JU, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Smith L, Min C, Yeniova AÖ, Kim SY, Lee J, Hadalin V, Kwon R, Koo MJ, Fond G, Boyer L, Kim S, Hahn JW, Kim N, Lefkir E, Bondeville V, Rhee SY, Shin JI, Yon DK, Woo HG. National trends in alcohol and substance use among adolescents from 2005 to 2021: a Korean serial cross-sectional study of one million adolescents. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:1071-1081. [PMID: 36977821 PMCID: PMC10049906 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-023-00715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous studies have provided data on early pandemic periods of alcohol and substance use in adolescents, more adequate studies are needed to predict the trends of alcohol and substance use during recent periods, including the mid-pandemic period. This study investigated the changes in alcohol and substance use, except tobacco use, throughout the pre-, early-, and mid-pandemic periods in adolescents using a nationwide serial cross-sectional survey from South Korea. METHODS Data on 1,109,776 Korean adolescents aged 13-18 years from 2005 to 2021 were obtained in a survey operated by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. We evaluated adolescents' alcohol and substance consumption prevalence and compared the slope of alcohol and substance prevalence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to see the trend changes. We define the pre-COVID-19 period as consisting of four groups of consecutive years (2005-2008, 2009-2012, 2013-2015, and 2016-2019). The COVID-19 pandemic period is composed of 2020 (early-pandemic era) and 2021 (mid-pandemic era). RESULTS More than a million adolescents successfully met the inclusion criteria. The weighted prevalence of current alcohol use was 26.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) 26.4-27.1] from 2005 to 2008 and 10.5% (95% CI 10.1-11.0) in 2020 and 2021. The weighted prevalence of substance use was 1.1% (95% CI 1.1-1.2) from 2005 to 2008 and 0.7% (95% CI 0.6-0.7) between 2020 and 2021. From 2005 to 2021, the overall trend of use of both alcohol and drugs was found to decrease, but the decline has slowed since COVID-19 epidemic (current alcohol use: βdiff 0.167; 95% CI 0.150-0.184; substance use: βdiff 0.152; 95% CI 0.110-0.194). The changes in the slope of current alcohol and substance use showed a consistent slowdown with regard to sex, grade, residence area, and smoking status from 2005 to 2021. CONCLUSION The overall prevalence of alcohol consumption and substance use among over one million Korean adolescents from the early and mid-stage (2020-2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic showed a slower decline than expected given the increase during the prepandemic period (2005-2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangil Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hyunju Yon
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chae Yeon Ban
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoin Shin
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seounghyun Eum
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung U Shin
- Department of Dermatology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chanyang Min
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Özgür Yeniova
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jinseok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Vlasta Hadalin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rosie Kwon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Min Ji Koo
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guillaume Fond
- AP-HM, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France
- FondaMental Foundation, Creteil, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- AP-HM, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France
- FondaMental Foundation, Creteil, France
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Woo Hahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Namwoo Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eléa Lefkir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Victoire Bondeville
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Youl Rhee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Haruyama D, Prince MA, Swaim RC, Chavez EL. The relationship between depressed affect, parental monitoring, and sex on cannabis use among American Indian youth. Am J Addict 2023; 32:402-409. [PMID: 36959723 PMCID: PMC10330835 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES American Indian (AI) adolescents report higher rates of cannabis use than national US adolescents. Previous study examined interactive relationships between depressed affect and family factors on AI adolescent alcohol use. These factors have not been investigated for cannabis use. We examined whether parental monitoring dampened risk for cannabis use due to depressed affect, and potential moderation by sex. METHODS We measured cannabis use, depressed affect, parental monitoring, and sex among reservation area AI youth among students in grades 7-12 attending 45 schools. We used censor-inflated regression models to identify parental monitoring as a moderator of the relationship between depressed affect and cannabis use. RESULTS In the logistic portion of censor-inflated models, level of depressed affect and parental monitoring significantly related to last 30-day cannabis use. Higher levels of parental monitoring at lower levels of depressed affect related to lower likelihood of cannabis use. Female students had greater likelihood of endorsing cannabis use at higher levels of depressed affect. In the linear portion of the censor-inflated regression models, sex and level of parental monitoring significantly related to cannabis use frequency. Male students endorsed more frequent cannabis use while higher levels of parental monitoring related to lower frequency of use. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Parental monitoring may dampen the effect of depressed affect on cannabis use among AI youth on reservations. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE Future interventions should foster skill-building prevention efforts directed at coping with depression, along with parental training for effective monitoring. Special attention to AI female adolescents may be indicated.
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Wang J, Zhou C, Song Q, Xu F. The relationship between teacher support and positive emotions in Chinese higher vocational students: multiple mediating effects of procrastination behavior and interpersonal assistance. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1201864. [PMID: 37441336 PMCID: PMC10333705 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1201864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In China, more than 5 million students enter higher vocational colleges each year, and the positive emotions of their students merits much attention. Purpose This study aimed to explore the effect of teacher support on positive emotions among higher vocational students by further investigating the mediating role of procrastination behavior and interpersonal assistance. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted with 676 higher vocational students from Zhejiang Province, China. We used SPSS 26.0 for data analysis, which included correlation analysis, regression analysis and bootstrap-mediated effects tests. Results Teacher support positively predicted positive emotions (β = 0.302, p < 0.001) and interpersonal assistance (β = 0.170, p < 0.001), while procrastination behavior negatively predicted interpersonal assistance (β = -0.161, p < 0.001) and positive emotions (β = -0.088, p < 0.01). Interpersonal assistance positively predicted positive emotions (β = 0.279, p < 0.001). This study found that teacher support positively predicted positive emotions; either procrastination behavior or interpersonal assistance independently mediated the relationship between teacher support and positive emotions. These two variables (procrastination and interpersonal assistance) also acted as a chain mediator between teacher support and positive emotions. The direct effect of teacher support and the mediating role of interpersonal assistance had a greater effect. Conclusion The study deeply explored the effects of teacher support on positive emotions among Chinese higher vocational students and found that teacher support plays an important role in positive emotion management. At the same time, we found the key roles played by procrastination behavior and interpersonal assistance between teacher support and positive emotion, which could provide data support and decision-making reference for enhancing higher education students' well-being and positive emotions. This study can be regarded as a case study of social support theory and demonstrates the applicability of the theory in the field of positive emotions of higher vocational students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Wang
- School of Early Childhood Education, Hangzhou Polytechnic, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- School of Public Administration, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiming Song
- Institute of Higher Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuxiao Xu
- School of Educational Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Elam KK, Lemery-Chalfant K, Chassin L. A gene-environment cascade theoretical framework of developmental psychopathology. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2023; 132:287-296. [PMID: 36201798 PMCID: PMC10076453 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Previous theories have emphasized genetic effects "inside the skin" via endophenotypes within the broader developmental psychopathology theory. Expanding on the mechanisms of gene-environment correlation, we propose a new integrative framework emphasizing how genetic effects "outside the skin" (Reiss & Leve, 2007) accumulate due to individual variation in social information processing in negative environments and sociocultural contexts as part of developmental cascades to psychopathology. In this gene-environment cascade theoretical framework, genetic predisposition for psychopathology, as well as stable traits and behaviors, can lead to negative environments via gene-environment correlations that can be exacerbated or buffered by an individual's social information processing. Moreover, these "environments" range from dyadic social relationships to broader sociocultural contexts. Over time, these processes exacerbate one another as part of developmental cascades, resulting in accumulating risk for psychopathology. By focusing on gene-environment correlations and integrating disparate social-emotional, cognitive, and sociocultural research domains, this framework delineates key processes by which early genetic predisposition can contribute to developmentally distinct and accumulating risk for psychopathology over the life course. Implications for intervention and methodological advances that facilitate testing models are presented. This new framework moves the field further away from genetic determinism by informing targets of early psychosocial prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit K Elam
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University Bloomington
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Lui CK, Witbrodt J, Li L, Tam CC, Williams E, Guo Z, Mulia N. Associations between early childhood adversity and behavioral, substance use, and academic outcomes in childhood through adolescence in a U.S. longitudinal cohort. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 244:109795. [PMID: 36774809 PMCID: PMC10089259 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood adversity is strongly associated with adolescent substance use, but few epidemiologic studies have investigated early childhood adversity (ECA) before age 5. This study investigated pathways by which ECA is associated with adolescent alcohol and cannabis use and high school completion through childhood behavioral and academic mediators and their reciprocal effects. METHODS Data were from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979-Child/Young Adult Cohort which surveyed children born 1984-1999 and followed through 2016 (n = 5521). Outcomes included alcohol and cannabis use frequency at ages 15-18, and high school completion by age 19. ECA at ages 0-4 was a cumulative score of maternal heavy drinking/drug use, low emotional support, low cognitive stimulation, and household poverty. Multilevel path models were conducted with ECA, childhood mediators (behavioral (externalizing and internalizing problems) and academics (reading and math scores), accounting for demographics and confounders. RESULTS ECA was indirectly associated with adolescent cannabis frequency through mediators of externalizing/internalizing problems, low academics, and early cannabis onset before age 14. ECA was also indirectly associated with alcohol frequency via the same mediators, but not early alcohol onset. Greater behavioral problems elevated substance use risk; whereas, low academics reduced risk. Reciprocal effects were evident between childhood behavioral problems and cannabis frequency to high school completion. CONCLUSION Adversity from birth to age 4 is associated with childhood behavioral problems and lower academics, which increased adolescent alcohol and cannabis use and lowered high school completion. Early childhood interventions with parents and preschools/daycare may reduce early onset and adolescent substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillia K Lui
- Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
| | - Jane Witbrodt
- Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Christina C Tam
- Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Edwina Williams
- Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Zihe Guo
- Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Nina Mulia
- Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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10
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Avery AD, Kernic MA, Kosterman R, Rhew IC. Prospective Associations between Childhood Exposure to Living with Adult Alcohol Misuse and Major Depressive Disorder in Adulthood: The Role of Child Maltreatment. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 58:371-379. [PMID: 36578227 PMCID: PMC9972902 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2161825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many children grow up with adult alcohol misuse in the home. A clearer understanding of this exposure's long-term mental health consequences and the role of associated child maltreatment experiences and potential protective factors could guide relevant intervention strategies. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the association between living with adult alcohol misuse during childhood and major depressive disorder (MDD) during adulthood; whether child maltreatment explains the association; and whether sex, school bonding, or neighborhood bonding moderate the association.Participants and setting: This study used longitudinal data from 783 individuals followed from childhood to age 39. METHODS At grade 9, participants were asked whether they lived with adults who misused alcohol. Diagnostic assessments of MDD were conducted across three time-points during participants' thirties and participants were categorized as having met diagnostic criteria 0, 1, or 2 or more times. RESULTS Ordinal logistic regressions found that children living with adult alcohol misuse showed greater chronicity of adult MDD (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.52). There was a 49% reduction in the odds ratio and the association was no longer statistically significant when child maltreatment was included in the model (OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 0.84, 2.07). No statistically significant moderation of associations was observed. CONCLUSIONS Children exposed to adult alcohol misuse, and maltreatment often associated with this misuse, may be at risk for mental health challenges well into adulthood. Interventions that address childhood exposure to adult alcohol misuse and associated maltreatment may be important to mitigate long-term mental health challenges to exposed children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aspen D. Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 3980 15 Ave NE, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195
| | - Mary A. Kernic
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 3980 15 Ave NE, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195
| | - Rick Kosterman
- Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, School of Social Work, 9725 Third Ave NE, Seattle, WA, USA 98115
| | - Isaac C. Rhew
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 3980 15 Ave NE, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Box 357238, Seattle, WA, USA 98195
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11
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Verlenden J, Kaczkowski W, Li J, Hertz M, Anderson KN, Bacon S, Dittus P. Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Pandemic-Related Stress and the Impact on Adolescent Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 17:1-15. [PMID: 36532141 PMCID: PMC9747542 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-022-00502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Vulnerabilities of adolescents during times of crisis have been previously identified, but little research has investigated the compounding effects of lifetime adversities and pandemic-related stress on adolescent mental health. This study uses adolescent self-report data to model relationships between stress exposures and indicators of poor mental health from the longitudinal COVID Experiences (CovEx) Surveys. These surveys were administered online in English to U.S. adolescents ages 13-19 using the NORC AmeriSpeak® panel, a probability-based panel designed to be representative of the U.S. household population. Two waves of data were collected (Wave 1: October-November 2020, n = 727; Wave 2: March-May 2021, n = 569). Measures included demographics, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs, 8 items), pandemic-related stress (Pandemic-Related Stress Index [PRSI], 7 items), and depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents [PHQ-A], 9 items). Path analyses were conducted to examine pathways between Wave 1 ACEs, Wave 1 PRSI, and Wave 2 PHQ with covariates of sex and race/ethnicity. Females had higher ACEs, PRSI, and PHQ scores than males. The PRSI score at Wave 1 was positively associated with the PHQ at Wave 2 (b = 0.29, SE = 0.14, p < 0.001). ACEs at Wave 1 were positively associated with PRSI at Wave 1 (b = 0.31, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001) and with PHQ at Wave 2 (b = 0.32, SE = 0.12, p < 0.001). The direct effect of ACEs on PHQ (b = 0.23, SE = 0.12, p < 0.001) remained significant even after accounting for the indirect effect of pandemic-related stress (b = 0.09, SE = 0.05, p < 0.001). Pandemic-related stress had a direct, adverse impact on adolescent depressive symptoms and demonstrates a compounding effect of childhood adversity and pandemic-related stress on depression. Findings can aid the design of interventions that promote mental health and support adolescent coping and recovery. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-022-00502-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Verlenden
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health (CDC/NCHHSTP/DASH), Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Wojciech Kaczkowski
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health (CDC/NCHHSTP/DASH), Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Jingjing Li
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health (CDC/NCHHSTP/DASH), Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Marci Hertz
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health (CDC/NCHHSTP/DASH), Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Kayla N. Anderson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Violence Prevention (CDC/NCIPC/DVP), Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Sarah Bacon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Office of Strategy and Innovation (CDC/NCIPC/OSI), Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Patricia Dittus
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health (CDC/NCHHSTP/DASH), Atlanta, GA USA
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12
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Stephenson M, Aliev F, Kuo SIC, Edwards AC, Pandey G, Su J, Kamarajan C, Dick D, Salvatore JE. The role of adolescent social relationships in promoting alcohol resistance: Interrupting the intergenerational transmission of alcohol misuse. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:1841-1855. [PMID: 36873306 PMCID: PMC9976711 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors contribute to the intergenerational transmission of alcohol misuse, but not all individuals at high genetic risk develop problems. The present study examined adolescent relationships with parents, peers, and romantic partners as predictors of realized resistance, defined as high biological risk for disorder combined with a healthy outcome, to alcohol initiation, heavy episodic drinking, and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Data were from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (N = 1,858; 49.9% female; mean age at baseline = 13.91 years). Genetic risk, indexed using family history density and polygenic risk scores for alcohol problems and AUD, was used to define alcohol resistance. Adolescent predictors included parent-child relationship quality, parental monitoring, peer drinking, romantic partner drinking, and social competence. There was little support for the hypothesis that social relationship factors would promote alcohol resistance, with the exception that higher father-child relationship quality was associated with higher resistance to alcohol initiation (β ^ = - 0.19 , 95% CI = -0.35, -0.03). Unexpectedly, social competence was associated with lower resistance to heavy episodic drinking (β ^ = 0.10 , 95% CI = 0.01, 0.20). This pattern of largely null effects underscores how little is known about resistance processes among those at high genetic risk for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Stephenson
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sally I-Chun Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Alexis C. Edwards
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Danielle Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jessica E. Salvatore
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Busch G, Seo JY. Establishing a System of Care for Severe and Refractory Dual Disorder in the State of Hawai'i. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF HEALTH & SOCIAL WELFARE 2022; 81:19-26. [PMID: 36660278 PMCID: PMC9783815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dual disorder is the diagnosis of both substance use disorder and a psychiatric disorder in the same individual. This paper focuses on the cohort of persons with severe and refractory dual disorders (SRDD). This cohort exhibits disproportionately high use of emergency services, poor response to existing care resources, high risk of homelessness, and elevated risk of violent deaths. Clarifying the unique and problematic aspects of SRDD can provide direction for intervention and policy within the system of care in Hawai'i. Data regarding the prevalence of dual disorder in Hawai'i are reviewed along with Hawai'i data on emergency room utilization, and violent death rates relevant to a cohort of individuals with SRDD. The current system of care in Hawai'i is examined. Although not an official component of the public health system or system of care, the O'ahu Community Correctional Center is presented as a potential model for longer-term stabilization for those with SRDD. Interventions from the literature for dual disorders and their implications for SRDD are discussed. Based upon this review, the following recommendations are made: (1) strengthen specific dual disorder diagnosis data collection, including stratification of dual disorder severity, (2) enhance coordination and establish uniform state data governance across public safety, public health, and private sectors, (3) develop a care environment that makes long-term and integrated treatment available, (4) enhance case management services and patient engagement, and (5) encourage policy discussions of longer-term civil commitment for residential treatment for individuals with SRDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Busch
- Department of Psychiatry, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa
| | - Jin Young Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa
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14
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Scheier LM, Shigeto A. Developmental cascades in studies of adolescent and young adult substance use etiology: A systematic review. Addict Behav Rep 2022; 15:100420. [PMID: 35313482 PMCID: PMC8933337 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Systematic reviews of developmental cascade studies in drug etiology are lacking. Reviews can highlight important design concerns that promote better science. Cascade studies articulate important risk mechanisms that are prevention targets. Few cascade studies find support for intricate risk mechanisms involving parents.
Introduction Frequently, developmental cascade models are used to examine causal linkages between early family risk and substance use etiology. When framed with longitudinal data, cascade models contribute to understanding developmental etiology by parsing stability from change in multiple domains of influence. This systematic review examines the research methods used in cascade studies of substance use etiology. Method A systematic literature review involved four electronic literature databases (i.e., PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science). Specific terms referenced substance use etiology and developmental cascade effects. Inclusion requirements included cross-domain effects and repeated measures. Studies were eliminated based on including interventions or growth modeling that failed to differentiate time-specific effects. A risk assessment indicated adequate inter-rater reliability for the 18 studies included. Results Conceptually, there was little evidence supporting hypothesized cascade effects that involved cross-domain risk mechanisms linking early parental socialization with later substance use. Methodologically, studies were characterized by modest sample sizes, lack of power, and relatively small effect sizes (ESavg. = 0.05 [SD = 0.046], range 0.003 - 0.19). Only half of the studies conducted formal statistical tests of indirect effects linking early socialization with later substance use. Conclusion This review highlights there is very little evidence for developmental cascade effects involving early parental socialization and substance use etiology. Methodological and conceptual limitations may hamper detection of developmental cascade effects and further undermine our understanding of substance use etiology. Future studies may want to follow larger samples, over extended time frames and specify intermediate mechanism that contribute to vulnerability.
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15
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Reupert A, Maybery D, Bartholomew C, Cuff R, Matar J, Pettenuzzo L, Foster K. An online intervention for vulnerable young adults: identifying mechanisms of change using a grounded theory approach. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:293-303. [PMID: 33864095 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to qualitatively identify the mechanisms of change as young adults, whose parents have a mental illness and/or substance use issue, navigate their way through a 6-week, moderated online intervention. METHODS Using a qualitative, grounded theory approach, data were collected and triangulated for analysis from participants before, during, and after engaging in the intervention. First, 31 young people's motivations for enrolling in the intervention were identified from one open ended question on an online survey. Second, online chat sessions were analysed to identify those topics the 31 participants engaged in throughout the intervention. Finally, 19 interviews were conducted 2 weeks post-intervention, to ascertain participants' perceptions of the impacts of the intervention and how the intervention promoted changes. RESULTS The main storyline was that of participants "making sense" of their parents, themselves and other relationships, in collaboration with peers, in a safe online space. This storyline of "making sense" drove their motivation to join the intervention and was the focus of the online chats. After the intervention, some were closer to having "made sense" of their families while others struggled differentiating themselves away from their families. An anonymous, professionally moderated online site afforded participants opportunities to think about who they were and for some, who they wanted to be. CONCLUSION Generating an explanatory theory of how vulnerable young people navigate their way through an online intervention provides important information that can be used to inform future services, interventions, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Reupert
- Krongold Clinic, Faculty of Education, Monash University, 19 Ancora Imparo Way, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | | | | | - Rose Cuff
- The Bouverie Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jodie Matar
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, 19 Ancora Imparo Way, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Laura Pettenuzzo
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, 19 Ancora Imparo Way, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kim Foster
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,NorthWestern Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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Schenk L, Sentse M, Marhe R, van Duin L, Engbersen G, Popma A, Severiens S. The Longitudinal Interplay Between Social Network and Psychopathology in Multi-Problem Young Adult Men; Separating Within-and Between-Person Effects. Front Psychol 2021; 12:727432. [PMID: 34955956 PMCID: PMC8695720 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.727432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Young adulthood is characterized by many life changes. Especially for young men with problems across different life domains (i.e., multi-problem), these changes may entail obstacles. Incidences of psychopathology increase during young adulthood and at the same time important shifts in social networks - such as changing relations with peers and parents, isolation, or deviant peer affiliation - take place. The present study examined the longitudinal interplay between psychopathology and social network characteristics over the course of 1 year in multi-problem young adults, at both between-person and within-person level. A sample of 696 multi-problem young adult men (age 18-27) participated in this three wave study. We used traditional cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) to examine how social network characteristics and psychopathology are related at the between-person level, and random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) to examine within-person links. Between-person associations between internalizing problems and social networks were bidirectional, and externalizing problems were related to problematic social network characteristics, but not vice versa. At the within-person level, no such cross-lagged paths were found. Overall, results indicated that in multi-problem young adults, social network characteristics and psychopathology are related. However, looking at within-person processes this relation is not reciprocal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïs Schenk
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Miranda Sentse
- Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Reshmi Marhe
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura van Duin
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Godfried Engbersen
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arne Popma
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sabine Severiens
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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17
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Gan X, Li H, Li M, Yu C, Jin X, Zhu C, Liu Y. Parenting Styles, Depressive Symptoms, and Problematic Online Game Use in Adolescents: A Developmental Cascades Model. Front Public Health 2021; 9:710667. [PMID: 34621718 PMCID: PMC8490704 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.710667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abundant empirical research has demonstrated the relationship between parenting style and adolescent problematic online game use (POGU), but the direction and underlying mechanism of this association remain unclear. Using a 1-year longitudinal design across three time points, the present study explored interrelations among parenting styles, depressive symptoms, and POGU from the theoretical perspective of the developmental cascade model and examined whether depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between parenting style and POGU. A sample of 1,041 children was recruited from two junior middle schools in China, of which 46.3% were boys. Results confirmed the cascade effects and showed that the reciprocal effect of parenting style, depressive symptoms, and POGU was significant, and parental control and POGU can predict each other via depressive symptoms. Knowledge regarding the direct and underlying mechanisms between parenting style, depressive symptoms, and POGU provides reference suggestions for the prevention and intervention of adolescent depressive symptoms and problematic online game use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Gan
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University College of Technology and Engineering, Jingzhou, China
| | - Congshu Zhu
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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18
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Lansford JE, Goulter N, Godwin J, Crowley M, McMahon RJ, Bates JE, Pettit GS, Greenberg M, Lochman JE, Dodge KA. Development of individuals' own and perceptions of peers' substance use from early adolescence to adulthood. Addict Behav 2021; 120:106958. [PMID: 33940335 PMCID: PMC8184593 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated how individuals' own substance use and their perception of peers' substance use predict each other across development from early adolescence to middle adulthood. Participants were from two longitudinal studies: Fast Track (FT; N = 463) and Child Development Project (CDP; N = 585). Participants reported on their own and peers' substance use during early and middle adolescence and early adulthood, and their own substance use in middle adulthood. From adolescence to early adulthood, individuals' reports of their own substance use in a given developmental period predicted reports of their peers' substance use in the next developmental period more than peers' substance use in a given developmental period predicted individuals' own substance use in the next. In the higher-risk FT sample, individuals' own substance use in early adulthood predicted alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use in middle adulthood, and peers' substance use in early adulthood predicted cannabis use in middle adulthood. In the lower-risk CDP sample, participants' own substance use in early adulthood predicted only their own cannabis use in middle adulthood, whereas peers' substance use in early adulthood predicted participants' alcohol, cannabis, opioid, and other substance use in middle adulthood. The findings suggest that peer substance use in early adulthood may indicate a greater propensity for subsequent substance use in lower-risk groups, whereas those in higher-risk groups may remain more stable in substance use, with less variability explained by peer contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Lansford
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Natalie Goulter
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University and B.C. Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Godwin
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Max Crowley
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert J. McMahon
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University and B.C. Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John E. Bates
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Gregory S. Pettit
- Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Mark Greenberg
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John E. Lochman
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Dodge
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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19
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Long-term Impacts and Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Communities That Care Prevention System at Age 23, 12 Years After Baseline. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2021; 22:452-463. [PMID: 33837890 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-021-01218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study estimated sustained impacts and long-term benefits and costs of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system, implemented and evaluated in a longitudinal cluster-randomized trial involving 24 communities in seven states. Analyses utilized reports from a longitudinal panel of 4407 participants, followed since the study's baseline in grade 5, with most recent follow-up 12 years later at age 23. Impacts on lifetime abstinence from primary outcomes of substance use and antisocial behavior were estimated using generalized linear mixed Poisson regression analysis, adjusted for individual and community-level covariates. Possible cascading effects on 4-year college completion, major depressive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder through age 23 were evaluated as secondary outcomes. CTC had a statistically significant global effect on primary outcomes and also on combined primary and secondary outcomes. Among primary outcomes, point estimates suggested absolute improvements in lifetime abstinence of 3.5 to 6.1% in the intervention arm and relative improvements of 13 to 55%; 95% confidence intervals revealed some uncertainty in estimates. Among secondary outcomes, 4-year college completion was 1.9% greater among young adults from intervention communities, a 20% relative improvement. Mental health outcomes were approximately the same across trial arms. Although CTC had small sustained effects through age 23, benefit-cost analyses indicated CTC was reliably cost beneficial, with a net present value of $7152 (95% credible interval: $1253 to $15,268) per participant from primary impacts and $17,919 ($306 to $39,186) when secondary impacts were also included. It remained cost beneficial even when impacts were adjusted downward due to the involvement of CTC's developer in the trial. Findings suggest that broader dissemination of CTC could improve public health and individual lives in the long term and generate positive net benefits to society.
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20
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Neppl TK, Diggs ON, Cleveland MJ. The intergenerational transmission of harsh parenting, substance use, and emotional distress: Impact on the third-generation child. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2020; 34:852-863. [PMID: 31971428 PMCID: PMC8601593 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the intergenerational transmission of harsh parenting, substance use, and emotional distress across generations and the association with child aggression. The study included 218 Generation 1 (G1) mothers and fathers, their adolescent (Generation 2; G2) who participated from middle adolescence through adulthood, and the 3rd-generation (G3) child between ages 3-5 years and 6-10 years. G1 behavior was examined when G2 was 16 and 18 years old; G2 alcohol problems and marijuana use were assessed when G2 was 19 and 21 years old. G2 emotional distress and harsh parenting were examined when the G3 child was between 3 and 5 years old. Finally, G3 aggression was assessed between 6 and 10 years old. Results showed continuity of G1 behavior when G2 was in adolescence to G2 behavior in adulthood. G1 alcohol problems and G1 harsh parenting were both associated with G3 aggression through G2 alcohol problems, G2 emotional distress, and G2 harsh parenting. Results suggest that G1 problem behavior as experienced by G2 adolescents in the family of origin plays an important role in G2 alcohol problems in emerging adulthood, which leads to G2 emotional distress and G2 harsh parenting in adulthood, which is related to G3 aggression in the early elementary school years. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia K Neppl
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University
| | - Olivia N Diggs
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University
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21
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Blinka L, Šablatúrová N, Ševčíková A, Husarova D. Social constraints associated with excessive internet use in adolescents: the role of family, school, peers, and neighbourhood. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:1279-1287. [PMID: 32844251 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Excessive internet use (EIU) has been studied predominantly within the context of individual risk factors. Less attention has been paid to social factors, especially in a fashion complex enough to include the multiple domains of adolescent socialization. This study examined the relationship between EIU and constraints within family, school, peer groups, and neighbourhoods, while controlling for emotional and behavioural difficulties. METHODS This study was based on survey data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study, which was conducted in Slovakia in 2018. The sample of representative adolescents totalled 8400 (mean age: 13.44 years; SDage = 1.33; 50.9% boys). RESULTS Multiple-step linear regression revealed that, after controlling for sociodemographic factors and emotional and behavioural difficulties, peer problems had the least effect, while the constraints related to family and neighbourhood stood out as especially problematic. Combined variables explained 20% variance of EIU. CONCLUSIONS Social constraints proved to be important factors in adolescent EIU. The important role of a problematic neighbourhood is a novel finding and suggests that it should be targeted in prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Blinka
- Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Joštova 10, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Nika Šablatúrová
- Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Joštova 10, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Ševčíková
- Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Joštova 10, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Husarova
- Department of Health Psychology and Methodology Research, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
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22
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Ocasio MA, Tapia GR, Lozano A, Carrico A, Prado G. Internalizing Symptoms and Externalizing Behaviors in Latinx Adolescents with Same Sex Behaviors in Miami. JOURNAL OF LGBT YOUTH 2020; 19:396-412. [PMID: 36247028 PMCID: PMC9562298 DOI: 10.1080/19361653.2020.1777245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minorities report poorer mental health relative to heterosexual counterparts, but this is underexplored in Latinx youth. This study compares internalizing symptoms and externalizing behaviors in Latinx adolescents with Same Sex Behaviors (LASSB) to their Latinx adolescent peers who did not report same sex behaviors (non-LASSB). It also explores the moderating role of biculturalism on the relationship between internalizing symptoms and externalizing behaviors, and same-sex behaviors. Individual-level baseline data (Total N=1,634; LASSB n=195) from five trials of a preventive intervention for Latinx adolescents were synthesized. Normal and clinical levels of internalizing symptoms and externalizing behaviors were determined, and logistic regression models were conducted to determine the odds of LASSB reporting these behaviors relative to non-LASSB. Additional adjusted models tested for the moderating effect of biculturalism. LASSB reported significantly higher odds of normal levels of all externalizing behaviors and clinical levels of anxious/depressed compared to non-LASSB. Biculturalism significantly moderated the association between same-sex behavior and clinical levels of internalizing behaviors; however, in subgroup analyses among LASSB, biculturalism did not significantly predict any of these behaviors. Latinx adolescents exhibited mental health disparities by same-sex behavior. Biculturalism may be an important indicator for describing these disparities in LASSB and should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Ocasio
- Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, Address: 1440 Canal Street, Suite 966, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Gregory R. Tapia
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Address: 1120 NW 14 Street, 10 floor (R-669), Miami, FL 33136
| | - Alyssa Lozano
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Address: 1120 NW 14 Street, 10 floor (R-669), Miami, FL 33136
| | - Adam Carrico
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Address: 1120 NW 14 Street, 10 floor (R-669), Miami, FL 33136
| | - Guillermo Prado
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Address: 1120 NW 14 Street, 10 floor (R-669), Miami, FL 33136
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23
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Rhew IC, Fleming CB, Tsang S, Horn E, Kosterman R, Duncan GE. Neighborhood Deprivation Moderates Shared and Unique Environmental Influences on Hazardous Drinking: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Co-Twin Study. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:1625-1632. [PMID: 32326868 PMCID: PMC7485221 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1756332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: There has been increased interest in the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in the development of problematic alcohol use, including socioeconomic conditions of the neighborhood. Using a co-twin design, we examined the extent to which contributions of genetic, shared environmental, and unique environmental influences on hazardous drinking differed according to levels of neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation. Method: Data came from 1,521 monozygotic (MZ) and 609 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs surveyed in Washington State. A measure of neighborhood deprivation was created based on census-tract-level variables and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test 3-item instrument was used to assess level of hazardous drinking. We tested a series of nested structural equation models to examine associations among hazardous drinking, neighborhood deprivation, and the variance components (genetic [A], shared [C] and unique environmental [E] influences) of these two constructs, testing for both main effects and moderation by neighborhood deprivation. Results: Neighborhood deprivation was significantly associated with increased hazardous drinking, after accounting for A and C variance common to both phenotypes. Adjusting for within-pair differences in income and education, neighborhood deprivation moderated the magnitude of variance components of hazardous drinking, with the variance attributable to shared environment and non-shared environment increasing in more deprived neighborhoods. Conclusions: Findings point to amplification of early childhood as well as unique adulthood environmental risk on hazardous drinking in areas of greater deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac C Rhew
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Charles B Fleming
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Siny Tsang
- Health Education and Research Building, Washington State University, Washington State Twin Registry, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Erin Horn
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Rick Kosterman
- Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Glen E Duncan
- Health Education and Research Building, Washington State University, Washington State Twin Registry, Spokane, Washington, USA
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24
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Trujillo CA, Obando D, Trujillo A. An examination of the association between early initiation of substance use and interrelated multilevel risk and protective factors among adolescents. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225384. [PMID: 31825955 PMCID: PMC6905657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major goals of drug use prevention programs is to delay the age of onset of substance use. What is called early initiation, usually occurring in adolescents under the age of 15, is a salient predictor of Substance Use Disorders later in adulthood. The causes of early initiation are complex and multifaceted and this has led to the identification of a rich set of risk and protective factors that influence age of onset. Nonetheless, there is little knowledge about the interdependence of these factors in their impact on early initiation. This paper addresses this question by applying Multiple Correspondence Analysis to data on family, community and social risk and protective factors from over 1200 adolescents. We find that community and to a lesser extent social factors are the most clearly associated to early initiation and we compare our results to those obtained from linear regression analyses of the same data that do not incorporate interdependence and find opposite results. We discuss the differences between linear regressions and MCA to evaluate the interplay of risk and protective factors and the implications of our findings for health policy and the design of prevention interventions aimed at delaying age of onset.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Obando
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Angela Trujillo
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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25
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Richards JS, Hartman CA, Jeronimus BF, Ormel J, Reijneveld SA, Veenstra R, Verhulst FC, Vollebergh WAM, Oldehinkel AJ. Beyond not bad or just okay: social predictors of young adults' wellbeing and functioning (a TRAILS study). Psychol Med 2019; 49:1459-1469. [PMID: 30229710 PMCID: PMC6541871 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718001976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various childhood social experiences have been reported to predict adult outcomes. However, it is unclear how different social contexts may influence each other's effects in the long run. This study examined the joint contribution of adolescent family and peer experiences to young adult wellbeing and functioning. METHODS Participants came from the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) study (n = 2230). We measured family and peer relations at ages 11 and 16 (i.e. family functioning, perceived parenting, peer status, peer relationship quality), and functioning as the combination of subjective wellbeing, physical and mental health, and socio-academic functioning at age 22. Using structural equation modelling, overall functioning was indicated by two latent variables for positive and negative functioning. Positive, negative and overall functioning at young adulthood were regressed on adolescent family experiences, peer experiences and interactions between the two. RESULTS Family experiences during early and mid-adolescence were most predictive for later functioning; peer experiences did not independently predict functioning. Interactions between family and peer experiences showed that both protective and risk factors can have context-dependent effects, being exacerbated or overshadowed by negative experiences or buffered by positive experiences in other contexts. Overall the effect sizes were modest at best. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent family relations as well as the interplay with peer experiences predict young adult functioning. This emphasizes the importance of considering the relative effects of one context in relation to the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Richards
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C. A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B. F. Jeronimus
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Ormel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S. A. Reijneveld
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R. Veenstra
- University of Groningen, Department of Sociology, Interuniversity Center for Social Science Theory and Methodology (ICS), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - F. C. Verhulst
- Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Child Psychiatry/Psychology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - W. A. M. Vollebergh
- Utrecht University, Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A. J. Oldehinkel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
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26
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Jones TM, Epstein M, Hill KG, Bailey JA, Hawkins JD. General and Specific Predictors of Comorbid Substance Use and Internalizing Problems from Adolescence to Age 33. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2019; 20:705-714. [PMID: 30535622 PMCID: PMC6542721 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-018-0959-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The current study examines the continuity in comorbidity between substance use and internalizing mental health problems from adolescence to adulthood and investigates the general and specific predictors of comorbidity across development. Participants were drawn from the Seattle Social Development Project (N = 808), a gender-balanced, ethnically diverse longitudinal panel. Structural equation modeling was used to examine risk factors for comorbid substance use and internalizing problems in family and peer social environments; substance use- and mental health-specific social environments (family tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use; family history of depression); and individual risk factors (behavioral disinhibition). Latent factors were created for comorbid substance use and mental health problems at ages 13-14 and comorbidity of substance abuse and dependence symptoms and mental health disorder symptoms at ages 30-33 and included indicators of anxiety, depression, alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana problems. Comorbid problems in adolescence predicted later comorbidity of disorders in adulthood. In addition, family tobacco environment and behavioral disinhibition predicted adolescent comorbidity, while family history of depression was associated with adult comorbidity. Finally, family and peer substance use in adolescence predicted substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana) both in adolescence and adulthood. The pattern of results suggests that comorbidity in adolescence continues into adulthood and is predicted by both general and behavior-specific environmental experiences during adolescence. Findings clarify the etiology of comorbid internalizing and substance use problems and suggest potential preventive intervention targets in adolescence to curb the development of comorbidity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany M Jones
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA.
| | - Marina Epstein
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
| | - Karl G Hill
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
| | - Jennifer A Bailey
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
| | - J David Hawkins
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Ave. NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
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27
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Skogen JC, Sivertsen B, Hysing M, Heradstveit O, Bøe T. Economic Circumstances in Childhood and Subsequent Substance Use in Adolescence - A Latent Class Analysis: The youth@hordaland Study. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1115. [PMID: 31139128 PMCID: PMC6527884 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between longitudinal registry-based data on family income during childhood and self-reported substance use in adolescence, including potential alcohol- or drug problems. Data from the Norwegian population-based youth@hordaland-survey was employed, and the analyzed included n = 8,983 adolescents aged 16–19 years. This information was linked to registry-based information about childhood family income for seven consecutive years prior to adolescents’ participation in the youth@hordaland-survey. Latent class analyses (LCA) were used to examine associations between patterns of family economic circumstances in childhood and subsequent substance use in adolescence. Based on the LCA, we identified four distinct patterns of family economic circumstances: a ‘never poor’ (89.3%) group, followed by two groups characterized by moving in (3.0%) or out (4.6%) of poverty, and a final ‘chronically poor’ (3.1%) group. Several findings were of interest: the chronically poor reported less daily snus use, fewer had tried alcohol, were less likely to report frequent intoxication, and less prone to have potential alcohol- or drug-related problems compared to all other groups. They were also less likely to have tried any illicit drug compared to those moving in or out of poverty. Finally, the chronically poor reported more daily smoking than the never poor group, but less daily smoking than the moving out of poverty group. The never poor group was less likely to have tried any illicit drugs compared to the groups moving into or out of poverty, and less likely to smoke daily compared to the moving out of poverty group. In other words, the present study somewhat surprisingly suggested lower substance use among the chronically poor adolescents compared to other adolescents on several of the measures of substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Heradstveit
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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28
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Kliewer W, Yendork JS, Wright AW, Pillay BJ. Adjustment Profiles of Low-Income Caregivers from the United States and South Africa: Contrasts and Commonalities. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2018; 27:522-534. [PMID: 29622947 PMCID: PMC5880044 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-017-0907-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although low-income parents living in under-resourced communities in the United States and around the world face challenges, many do well while others struggle in one or more areas of functioning. The present study examined patterns of adjustment among maternal caregivers living in the United States (US) (N = 320) and South Africa (SA) (N = 324). Cluster analyses across four domains of functioning representing both positive and negative adjustment and conducted within country revealed similar patterns of adjustment, with a majority of caregivers (37.8% in the US; 47.5% in SA) landing in a "holding steady" pattern, exhibiting good but not exceptional adjustment. Other patterns of adjustment (three additional in the US sample; two additional in the SA sample) showed elevated impairment in somatic complaints, problems with alcohol, or life satisfaction. In both the US and SA, support from family, friends, and neighbors differentiated the adjustment profiles. Further, both current stressors within and outside of the family and previous stressors including direct and indirect exposure to violence discriminated caregivers who were "holding steady" from those who were struggling in one or more domains. Additionally, across both countries, caregivers who were "holding steady" evidenced less avoidant coping. Implications of this work for fostering resilience among caregivers and their children are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Kliewer
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA and University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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29
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Cambron C, Kosterman R, Rhew IC, Catalano RF, Guttmannova K, Hawkins JD. An Examination of Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms and Neighborhood Disorganization from Age 21 to 39. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 60:267-278. [PMID: 28940467 PMCID: PMC5665378 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Living in disorganized neighborhoods characterized by high levels of poverty, crime, violence, and deteriorating buildings has been associated with increased alcohol consumption and mental health problems. Data drawn from the Seattle Social Development Project (N = 790), a theory-driven longitudinal study originating in Seattle, WA, were used to estimate trajectories of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) symptoms from age 21 to 39. Time-varying measures of neighborhood disorganization, psychological distress, and sociodemographic factors were associated with deviations from average AUD symptoms at each wave. Results indicated that, on average, AUD symptoms decreased as individuals got older. Living in more disorganized neighborhoods and experiencing psychological distress was associated with increased AUD symptoms after accounting for average reductions from AUD symptoms over time and time-varying measures of relevant sociodemographic factors. Results of mediation analysis suggested that psychological distress is a mechanism by which disorganized neighborhoods increased risk of AUD from age 21 to 39.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Cambron
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington
| | - Rick Kosterman
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington
| | - Isaac C. Rhew
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | - Richard F. Catalano
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington
| | | | - J. David Hawkins
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington
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