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Shum ENY, Lau BHP, Cheung KSL, Chan CLW, Siu JCY, Luk JKH, Kwan JSK, Chan GMY, Pat LYC, Martin P. Multiple Roads to Success: A Latent Class Analysis on Successful Ageing Among Hong Kong Near-Centenarians and Centenarians (NCC). Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 99:152-178. [PMID: 37904549 DOI: 10.1177/00914150231208681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Notwithstanding the oldest-old cohort being the fastest-growing population in most ageing societies, characterizing successful ageing in adults of advanced age, such as nonagenarians and centenarians, remains challenging. This study investigated the successful ageing subphenotypes using the data from Hong Kong Centenarian Study 2. Between April 2021 and September 2022, 146 family caregivers of community-dwelling older adults aged 95 or above were interviewed by phone. Latent class analysis identified three classes-Overall Frail (46.6%) with poor mobility, cognitive and functional health, Nonambulant (37.0%) but good functional health, and Robust (16.4%) with overall good health-from 11 indicators based on caregivers' reports. Although we found a low prevalence of fulfillment of all indicators of successful ageing, our findings will help care professionals appreciate the heterogeneity underlying partial successful ageing in this vulnerable cohort for segmented and targeted healthy longevity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ngai-Yin Shum
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bobo Hi-Po Lau
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research (CIEBPR), Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karen Siu-Lan Cheung
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Mindlink Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cecilia Lai-Wan Chan
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joey Chung-Yue Siu
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China
| | - James Ka-Hay Luk
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Fung Yiu King Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | - Lian Ying-Chun Pat
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Martin
- Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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2
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Holmgren M, Ahlström G. An Ethnographic Study Concerning the Implementation of Education on Ageing for Older Adults with Mild Intellectual Disability: The Perspective of the Educators. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:953. [PMID: 39063529 PMCID: PMC11276783 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Despite the fact that longevity in people with intellectual disability has increased at least as much as in the general population, there is a dearth of interventions related to ageing for these older people. Therefore, this study investigated educators' implementation strategies in a new tailor-designed educational intervention with the goal of supporting the process of ageing for people with mild intellectual disability. An ethnographic research design was employed, including participant observations, field notes, and 15 ad hoc interviews with educators, spread over two years in four towns. The strategies used for facilitating learning about ageing were expressed in the two themes promoting social togetherness through everyone's participation and learning together and from each other through recognition and consolidation. These strategies were applied to create a learning environment characterised by a good atmosphere and respectful interaction. Learning together involved consolidation through repetition, group discussions, the use of visual learning materials, and study visits. This new educational intervention about ageing is promising, but less resource-intensive interventions should also be developed and preferably integrated into the disability service. Before concluding whether this education supports the ageing process, it needs to be evaluated from the perspective of people with intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerd Ahlström
- Department of Health Sciences, Applied Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, P.O. Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden;
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3
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Mayo NE, Auais M, Barclay R, Branin J, Dawes H, Korfage IJ, Sawchuk K, Tal E, White CL, Ayoubi Z, Chowdhury F, Henderson J, Mansoubi M, Mate KKV, Nadea L, Rodriguez S, Kuspinar A. Measuring what matters to older persons for active living: part I content development for the OPAL measure across four countries. Qual Life Res 2024:10.1007/s11136-024-03714-z. [PMID: 38967870 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03714-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Many older persons do not think of themselves as "patients" but as persons wishing to live as actively as possible for as long as possible. However, most health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures were developed for use with clinical populations. The aim of this project was to fill that gap and to develop, for international use, a measure of what matters to older persons as they age and seek to remain as active as possible, Older Persons for Active Living (OPAL). METHODS For content development, interviews about active living were conducted with older persons from Canada, USA, UK, and the Netherlands in English, French, Spanish and Dutch, respectively with subsequent thematic analysis and harmonization. RESULTS Analyses of transcripts from 148 older persons revealed that active living was a "way of being" and not merely doing activities. Saturation was reached and a total of 59 content areas were identified. After grouping similar "ways" together and after conducting a consensus rating of importance, 19 unique and important "ways" remained. In some languages, formulating was challenging for three of the 19, resulting in changes to two English words and dropping two other words, yielding a final list of 17 "ways of being" with harmonized wording in 4 languages. CONCLUSION This study underscores the significance of listening to older adults and highlights the importance of considering linguistic and cultural nuances in measure development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Mayo
- Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology, Geriatrics, Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), McGill University Health Center (MUHC), MUHC-Research Institute, McGill University, 5252 de Maisonneuve, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada.
| | - Mohammad Auais
- The Rehabilitation and Health Leadership Program, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ruth Barclay
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, R106-771 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada
- RR323A, Rehabilitation Hospital, 800 Sherbrook St, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Joan Branin
- Center for Health and Aging, Pasadena, CA, 91106, USA
| | - Helen Dawes
- Department of Public Health & Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, University of Exeter Medical School, Medical School Building, St Lukes Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX12LU, England
| | - Ida J Korfage
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Sawchuk
- Communication Studies, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eran Tal
- Department of Philosophy, McGill University, Leacock Building, Room 933, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carole L White
- School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Zain Ayoubi
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fariha Chowdhury
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Julia Henderson
- Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Mae Mansoubi
- Digital Health Innovation and Public Health, Co-Module Lead Rehabilitation Science CSC3021, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Kedar K V Mate
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lyne Nadea
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sebastian Rodriguez
- Department of Philosophy, McGill University, Leacock Building, Room 933, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ayse Kuspinar
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
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4
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Cosco TD. Embracing Older Adults' Perspectives: Enhancing Models of Successful Ageing. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00159-X. [PMID: 38955632 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore D Cosco
- School of Public Policy, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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5
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Skov SS, Berg ME, Andersen JR, Schou-Juul F, Jensen AMB, Folker AP, Lauridsen S. 'We had conversations we wouldn't have had otherwise'-Exploring home-dwelling people with dementia and family members' experiences of deliberating on ethical issues in a literature-based intervention. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:2719-2731. [PMID: 38528439 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore home-dwelling people with dementia and family members' perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention using dementia-related literature excerpts to facilitate conversations on ethical issues related to living with dementia. BACKGROUND Ethical issues in dementia care emerge throughout the illness. In the early stages, they may involve decisions about disclosing the illness to the family, shifting roles and responsibilities, and considerations of transitioning to a nursing home. Addressing ethical issues and providing adequate support to home-dwelling people with dementia and their families are often lacking. DESIGN An exploratory-descriptive qualitative study. METHODS We conducted eight interviews with 14 home-dwelling persons with dementia and their family caregivers. Six were dyadic interviews, and two were individual interviews with family caregivers. We analysed the interview data using template analysis. We adhered to the COREQ checklist in reporting this study. RESULTS Using excerpts from dementia-related literature was a feasible and acceptable way of initiating discussions on ethical issues among home-dwelling persons with dementia and family caregivers. However, engaging the families of newly diagnosed individuals was challenging due to emotional distress. The intervention provided peer support, including identifying with others and sharing experiences. Moreover, participating couples found intimacy and relational attunement through shared reflections. CONCLUSION Based on the findings, it appears that the participants in this study felt that using excerpts from dementia-related literature to deliberate on ethical issues was feasible and acceptable. Deliberating on ethical issues with peers and family caregivers offers valuable social support and opportunities for strengthening relationships. IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE This study makes an important contribution by providing valuable insights into how ethical issues related to living with dementia can be addressed using related literature and suggests how the intervention can be integrated into existing care initiatives for home-dwelling people with dementia and their families. REPORTING METHOD We have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines with the COREQ reporting method. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION A healthcare professional working as a so-called dementia coordinator (a title used in the Danish context) was involved in the conduct of this study by being responsible for the recruitment of home-dwelling people with dementia and their family members. Moreover, she had joint responsibility for facilitating the intervention along with the first author.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Smedegaard Skov
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Eva Berg
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Frederik Schou-Juul
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja M B Jensen
- Section for Health Services Research, Center for Medical Science and Technology Studies, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Paldam Folker
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sigurd Lauridsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Menassa M, Franco OH, Galenkamp H, Moll van Charante EP, van den Born BJH, Vriend EMC, Vidal PM, Stronks K. Healthy ageing in a multi-ethnic population: A descriptive cross-sectional analysis from the HELIUS study. Maturitas 2024; 184:107972. [PMID: 38507885 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated ethnic health disparities in the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting multi-ethnic cohort using the multidimensional Healthy Ageing Score. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the study baseline data (2011-2015) collected through questionnaires/physical examinations for 17,091 participants (54.8 % women, mean (SD) age = 44.5 (12.8) years) from South-Asian Surinamese (14.8 %), African Surinamese (20.5 %), Dutch (24.3 %), Moroccan (15.5 %), Turkish (14.9 %), and Ghanaian (10.1 %) origins, living in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We computed the Healthy Ageing Score developed in the Rotterdam Study, which has seven biopsychosocial domains: chronic diseases, mental health, cognitive function, physical function, pain, social support, and quality of life. That score was used to discern between healthy, moderate, and poor ageing. We explored differences in healthy ageing by ethnicity, sex, and age group using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS The Healthy Ageing Score [overall: poor (69.0 %), moderate (24.8 %), and healthy (6.2 %)] differed between ethnicities and was poorer in women and after midlife (cut-off 45 years) across ethnicities (all p < 0.001). In the fully adjusted models in men and women, poor ageing (vs. healthy ageing) was highest in the South-Asian Surinamese [adjusted odds ratios (95 % confidence intervals)] [2.96 (2.24-3.90) and 6.88 (3.29-14.40), respectively] and Turkish [2.80 (2.11-3.73) and 7.10 (3.31-15.24), respectively] vs. Dutch, in the oldest [5.89 (3.62-9.60) and 13.17 (1.77-98.01), respectively] vs. youngest, and in the divorced [1.48 (1.10-2.01) and 2.83 (1.39-5.77), respectively] vs. married. Poor ageing was inversely associated with educational and occupational levels, mainly in men. CONCLUSIONS Compared with those of Dutch ethnic origin, ethnic minorities displayed less healthy ageing, which was more pronounced in women, before and after midlife, and was associated with sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyne Menassa
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse, 43 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse, 43 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Department of Global Public Health & Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Science and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse, 43 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Department of Global Public Health & Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Science and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Henrike Galenkamp
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Eric P Moll van Charante
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Bert-Jan H van den Born
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Esther M C Vriend
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Pedro Marques Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Karien Stronks
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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7
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Viljanen A, Salminen M, Irjala K, Löppönen M, Tuori H, Vahlberg T, Viitanen M, Viikari L. Predicting successful ageing among older adults seems possible even as far as two decades ahead. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:481. [PMID: 38824528 PMCID: PMC11143575 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful ageing is the term often used for depicting exceptional ageing and can be measured with multidimensional models including physical, psychological and social wellbeing. The aim of this study was to test multidimensional successful ageing models to investigate whether these models can predict successful ageing, and which individual subcomponents included in the models are most significantly associated with successful ageing. METHODS Successful ageing was defined as the ability to live at home without daily care at the age of 84 years or over. Data on the participants' physical, psychological and social wellbeing were gathered at baseline and the follow-up period was 20 years. Four successful ageing models were constructed. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to identify the individual subcomponents of the models which best predicted successful ageing. RESULTS All successful ageing models were able to predict ageing successfully after the 20-year follow-up period. After the backward stepwise logistic regression analysis, three individual subcomponents of four models remained statistically significant and were included in the new model: having no heart disease, having good self-rated health and feeling useful. As a model, using only these three subcomponents, the association with successful ageing was similar to using the full models. CONCLUSIONS Multidimensional successful ageing models were able to predict successful ageing after a 20-year follow-up period. However, according to the backward stepwise logistic regression analysis, the three subcomponents (absence of heart disease, good self-rated health and feeling useful) significantly associated with successful ageing performed as well as the multidimensional successful ageing models in predicting ageing successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Viljanen
- The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Domain of General Practice and Rehabilitation, Turku, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014, Turku, 20700, Finland.
| | - Marika Salminen
- The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Medical Domain, Geriatric Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20014, Finland
| | - Kerttu Irjala
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Clinical Chemistry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Minna Löppönen
- The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Domain of General Practice and Rehabilitation, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannele Tuori
- The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Domain of General Practice and Rehabilitation, Turku, Finland
- Health Economics, Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Viitanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014, Turku, 20700, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Viikari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014, Turku, 20700, Finland
- The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Medical Domain, Geriatric Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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8
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Tabatabaei FS, Delbari A, Bidkhori M, Saatchi M, Zanjari N, Hooshmand E. The Role of Childhood Circumstances on Social Conditions and Health of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA). J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:577-587. [PMID: 38018420 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231213731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Some studies suggest that childhood can affect some later outcomes. This cross-sectional study of the first phase of the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA) on 5,197 individuals examined the effects of childhood socioeconomic and health on aging well. Childhood socioeconomic status (SES) was measured using parents' education and self-expressed family's financial status. Quality of Life (SF-12), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), WHO well-being scale, and self-reported health questionnaire were used. All data, including childhood experiences, was collected at a single time point. Poor childhood health was associated with lower well-being, life satisfaction, and mental quality of life (OR: .53, p = .032, OR: 0.49, p = .019, and β: -3.51, p = .008, respectively). The family's financial status during childhood was associated with the mental and physical quality of life, satisfaction, well-being, and health (all p < .05). Fathers and mothers who had some level of education increased the odds of being healthy by 1.20 and 1.49 times, respectively. Childhood circumstances affect older adults' health and social conditions. Policies to improve childhood health and SES should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh-Sadat Tabatabaei
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Delbari
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bidkhori
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saatchi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Zanjari
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Hooshmand
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Zhou Y, Li T. The role of implicit theories of intelligence and personality in older adults' resilience: cognitive functioning and social participation as two mediators. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38444324 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2323950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resilience during old age reflects the capacity to adapt to changes and challenges associated with normative aging and is an important component of successful aging. Belief in the incremental theory of intelligence and personality could help older adults maintain cognitive functioning and social engagement, which may further contribute to their resilience. The current study investigated how implicit theories of intelligence and personality affected older adults' resilience and examined cognitive functioning and social participation as two mediators. METHOD A total of 108 older adults aged 60-92 were recruited and completed relevant scales and cognitive tasks. Path analyses were conducted to estimate the expected mediation model. RESULTS The incremental theory of intelligence, but not personality, was positively related to older adults' resilience. Both cognitive functioning and social participation mediated the effect of the implicit theory of intelligence in the model without covariates. When background variables were controlled, the mediation effect of cognitive functioning remained significant, while the link between the implicit theory of intelligence and social participation was weakened. CONCLUSION Older adults' implicit theory of intelligence plays a significant role in fostering resilience in late adulthood, especially through maintaining older adults' cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatian Zhou
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
| | - Tianyuan Li
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
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10
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Kim SM, Lewis JP. Protective Factors in the Context of Successful Aging in Urban-Dwelling Alaska Native Elders. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2024; 39:53-71. [PMID: 38112906 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-023-09493-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Successful aging in rural Alaska communities has been established as a characteristic best described by reaching "Eldership," conveying reverence and respect from the community and implying leadership responsibilities. Most Alaska Native (AN) Elders believe that aging successfully or aging well happens within their home communities. However, limited rural resources lead Elders to relocate to urban settings. While protective factors supporting aging well in rural communities have been established, little is known about which factors support aging well after relocation to an urban setting. This exploratory, qualitative, community-based participatory research study explored AN Elder's (ages 48-84) experiences comparing successful aging within four rural Alaska communities and of Elders who relocated from a rural to an urban community. Thirteen rural-based Elders and 12 urban-based Elders semi-structured interviews were compared to explore how successful aging was experienced similarly and differently in rural and urban settings. To age well in urban Alaska, access to health care services, family, and community engagement were essential. The main challenges for urban Elders involved establishing a sense of community, intergenerational involvement, and the ability to continue traditional ways of living. This research identified challenges, similarities, and differences in aging well in an urban community. The findings of this study inform practices, services, and policies to improve existing urban services and initiate needed urban services to foster successful aging after relocation from remote rural areas into urban communities in Alaska.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffi M Kim
- University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA.
| | - Jordan P Lewis
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth campus, Memory Keepers Medical Discovery Team - Health Equity, 624 E. 1st. Street, Suite 201, Duluth, MN, 55805, USA
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11
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Lamb S, Goswami N. Healthy aging, self-care, and choice in India: Class-based engagements with globally circulating ideologies. J Aging Stud 2024; 68:101194. [PMID: 38458731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2023.101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Euro-American notions of successful and healthy aging are taking root globally, shaped and inflected by local cultural and political contexts. India is one place where globally inflected discourses of healthy, active, and successful aging are on the rise. However, notions about just what constitutes healthy aging and how to achieve such a goal do not play out the same way across the globe. This article explores how older Indians of diverse social classes are thinking about their own lives in relation to broader discourses of healthy aging circulating within India and abroad. Analyses of in-depth interviews with 25 individuals (11 women and 14 men, ages 57 to 81, across a range of social classes) reveal that while many among the urban elite are enjoying participating in a globally informed healthy-aging culture, such trends are not at all widespread among the non-elite. Moreover, Indians across social classes tend to interpret their own "healthy aging" goals in ways at odds with their perceptions of Western paradigms of healthy and successful aging, sometimes incorporating critiques of the West into their own reflections about health and well-being in later life. By examining how healthy-successful aging ideologies play out across divergent national-cultural and social-class contexts, our aim is to challenge universalizing models and heighten understanding of social inequalities while opening up a wider set of possibilities for imagining what it is to live meaningfully in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lamb
- Department of Anthropology, MS 006, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454-9110, USA.
| | - Nilanjana Goswami
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, BITS Pilani K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Sancoale, Goa, India.
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Hawley AL, Baum JI. Nutrition as the foundation for successful aging: a focus on dietary protein and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:389-406. [PMID: 37319363 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a critical role throughout the aging process. People living with sarcopenia, a progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, often experience diminished quality of life, which can be attributed to a long period of decline and disability. Therefore, it is important to identify modifiable factors that preserve skeletal muscle and promote successful aging (SA). In this review, SA was defined as (1) low cardiometabolic risk, (2) preservation of physical function, and (3) positive state of wellbeing, with nutrition as an integral component. Several studies identify nutrition, specifically high-quality protein (eg, containing all essential amino acids), and long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), as positive regulators of SA. Recently, an additive anabolic effect of protein and n-3 PUFAs has been identified in skeletal muscle of older adults. Evidence further suggests that the additive effect of protein and n-3 PUFAs may project beyond skeletal muscle anabolism and promote SA. The key mechanism(s) behind the enhanced effects of intake of protein and n-3 PUFAs needs to be defined. The first objective of this review is to evaluate skeletal muscle as a driver of cardiometabolic health, physical function, and wellbeing to promote SA. The second objective is to examine observational and interventional evidence of protein and n-3 PUFAs on skeletal muscle to promote SA. The final objective is to propose mechanisms by which combined optimal intake of high-quality protein and n-3 PUFAs likely play a key role in SA. Current evidence suggests that increased intake of protein above the Recommended Dietary Allowance and n-3 PUFAs above the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendations for late middle-aged and older adults is required to maintain skeletal muscle mass and to promote SA, potentially through the mechanistical target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubree L Hawley
- School of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jamie I Baum
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Jemberie WB, Snellman F, Eriksson M, Hammarberg A. 'Ageing with an alcohol problem is not what I envision': reclaiming agency in shaping personal ageing trajectory and recovery from alcohol problems. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:866. [PMID: 38104085 PMCID: PMC10724916 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eliciting and understanding older persons' descriptions of their resources for healthy ageing and the interaction of these resources with alcohol use and alcohol problems can facilitate health promotion. It can also inform clinicians when identifying areas of recovery capital that present risks and strength for older people seeking alcohol treatment. The objective of this study was to illuminate the experiences and perspectives of older persons on ageing, alcohol use, treatment, and recovery from alcohol problems, as well as their understanding of healthy ageing. METHODS Eight men and two women, aged 61 to 73 years, with moderate drinking as a treatment goal and treated at an outpatient alcohol clinic in Sweden, participated in semi-structured audio-recorded virtual interviews. A qualitative content analysis examined the transcribed interviews. RESULTS Three themes were identified: "Tipping the balance", "Staying behind a veil" and "Lifting the vail". First, participants understood healthy ageing as a personal and multidimensional process that involved actively expanding, maintaining or adjusting to the resources needed to lead an active and meaningful life while preserving autonomy, dignity and independence for as long as possible. Second, most participants viewed moderate alcohol use as a contributor to healthy ageing. They sought treatment when their drinking became unsustainable and an immediate threat to their healthy ageing resources. Stigma, ambivalence and a lack of treatment options, however, contributed to delayed treatment. Third, the participants responded to treatment approaches that elicited their concern, incorporated their expertise and treatment and life goals, appreciated their autonomy and agency, and considered them partners in goal setting and decision making. Reduced drinking helped participants regain their agency and improved their healthy ageing capital which in turn catalyzed continuing recovery. CONCLUSIONS Older persons in non-abstinent recovery perceive healthy ageing and alcohol recovery as personal and interacting multidimensional processes involving their agency to improve biopsychosocial functioning. Treatment approaches that recognize older persons' desire for healthy ageing, incorporate their treatment goals and respect their autonomy are likely to be acceptable and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wossenseged Birhane Jemberie
- Department of Social Work, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
- Centre for Demography and Aging Research (CEDAR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- The Swedish National Graduate School for Competitive Science On Aging and Health (SWEAH), Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Fredrik Snellman
- Department of Social Work, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Malin Eriksson
- Department of Social Work, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Hammarberg
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chowdhury D, Stolee P, Sims-Gould J, Tong C. "Think positive and don't die alone" - Foreign-born, South Asian older adults' perceptions on healthy aging. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2253576. [PMID: 37691478 PMCID: PMC10496524 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2253576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
South Asians are the largest and fastest-growing racialized group in Canada, yet there are limited data on various aspects of health and well-being within this population. This includes the South Asian older adults' ethnoculturally informed perceptions of ageing. The study aimed to understand how social and cultural forces impact the meaning assigned to healthy ageing amongst older South Asians in Canada. We recruited with purposeful and snowball sampling strategies in Southern Ontario. We conducted in-depth focus group and individual interviews (n = 19) in five South Asian languages, employing a multilingual and cross-cultural qualitative approach. In our analysis, we identified three central themes: (a) taking care of body (b) taking care of mind and heart and (c) healthy ageing through the integration of mind and body. Our study demonstrates that older immigrants are a diverse and heterogeneous population and that their conception of healthy ageing is strongly influenced by their country of origin. This study also demonstrates how racialized foreign-born older adults might provide distinctive perspectives on the ageing process and on social theories of ageing due to their simultaneous immersion in and belonging to global majority and global minority cultures. This research also adds to the limited body of literature on the theories of ageing, despite migration trends, still has a white-centric lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Chowdhury
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Paul Stolee
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Joanie Sims-Gould
- Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Catherine Tong
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Silva N, Rajado AT, Esteves F, Brito D, Apolónio J, Roberto VP, Binnie A, Araújo I, Nóbrega C, Bragança J, Castelo-Branco P. Measuring healthy ageing: current and future tools. Biogerontology 2023; 24:845-866. [PMID: 37439885 PMCID: PMC10615962 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Human ageing is a complex, multifactorial process characterised by physiological damage, increased risk of age-related diseases and inevitable functional deterioration. As the population of the world grows older, placing significant strain on social and healthcare resources, there is a growing need to identify reliable and easy-to-employ markers of healthy ageing for early detection of ageing trajectories and disease risk. Such markers would allow for the targeted implementation of strategies or treatments that can lessen suffering, disability, and dependence in old age. In this review, we summarise the healthy ageing scores reported in the literature, with a focus on the past 5 years, and compare and contrast the variables employed. The use of approaches to determine biological age, molecular biomarkers, ageing trajectories, and multi-omics ageing scores are reviewed. We conclude that the ideal healthy ageing score is multisystemic and able to encompass all of the potential alterations associated with ageing. It should also be longitudinal and able to accurately predict ageing complications at an early stage in order to maximize the chances of successful early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Rajado
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - David Brito
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Joana Apolónio
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Palma Roberto
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- ABC Collaborative Laboratory, Association for Integrated Aging and Rejuvenation Solutions (ABC CoLAB), 8100-735, Loulé, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Binnie
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, Bld. 2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Critical Care, William Osler Health System, Etobicoke, ON, Canada
| | - Inês Araújo
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- ABC Collaborative Laboratory, Association for Integrated Aging and Rejuvenation Solutions (ABC CoLAB), 8100-735, Loulé, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, Bld. 2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- ABC Collaborative Laboratory, Association for Integrated Aging and Rejuvenation Solutions (ABC CoLAB), 8100-735, Loulé, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, Bld. 2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- ABC Collaborative Laboratory, Association for Integrated Aging and Rejuvenation Solutions (ABC CoLAB), 8100-735, Loulé, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, Bld. 2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Castelo-Branco
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
- ABC Collaborative Laboratory, Association for Integrated Aging and Rejuvenation Solutions (ABC CoLAB), 8100-735, Loulé, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, Bld. 2, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Fastame MC, Brandas B, Pau M. Is Cognitive Reserve a Determinant of Functional and Mental Health in Older People of the Sardinian Blue Zone? A Mediational Approach. Psychiatr Q 2023; 94:617-632. [PMID: 37642822 PMCID: PMC10638121 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of cognitive reserve in the relationship between functional health (expressed through the amount and intensity of performed physical activity objectively assessed using wearable accelerometers) and psychological well-being (i.e., assessed in terms of self-reported depressive signs) of older people living in an area of exceptional longevity, the so-called Sardinian Blue Zone. A further goal was to investigate the impact of gender on the cognitive reserve and physical health of our participants, using global cognitive functioning as a covariate. A battery of tests assessing motor efficiency, cognitive reserve, global cognitive functioning, and self-reported depressive symptoms was individually presented to 120 community dwellers (Mage = 82 years, SD = 8.4 years) of the Sardinian Blue Zone. Significant associations were found between cognitive reserve, motor efficiency, and self-reported depressive signs. Moreover, three mediation analyses documented that distinct indexes of cognitive reserve and motor efficiency explain 27.2-31% of the variance in the self-reported depression condition. Following this, it was also found that people with scarce cognitive reserve tended to exhibit significant signs of depression and showed worse motor abilities. In addition, after controlling for the effect of global cognitive functioning, motor efficiency, and cognitive reserve were generally more preserved in males than in females. Overall, these findings suggest that cognitive reserve is a compensatory resource that contributes significantly to the enhancement of health-related quality of life in the last decades of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Fastame
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Via Is Mirrionis 1, Cagliari, 09123, Italy.
| | - Benedetta Brandas
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Via Is Mirrionis 1, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pau
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical, and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
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17
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Satchell J, Craston T, Drennan VM, Billings J, Serfaty M. Psychological Distress and Interventions for Older Victims of Crime: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:3493-3512. [PMID: 36329564 PMCID: PMC10594850 DOI: 10.1177/15248380221130354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to conduct the first systematic narrative review and quality appraisal of existing evidence on the psychological consequences of crime in older victims in the community and psychological interventions. We searched five databases to identify all peer-reviewed literature published in English on psychological impact and/or interventions for older crime victims and quality appraised these using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines (Prospero: CRD42019140137). Evidence from included studies were narratively synthesized, along with their strengths and limitations. We found 20 studies on psychological distress in older victims, four of which included interventions. From these, we identified 30 different impacts including symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, emotions including humiliation and self-blame, and behavioral changes. Only feasibility interventions have been published, although promising results were reported for cognitive-behavioral informed treatments for depression and anxiety. Studies were wide-ranging in aims, crimes included, and outcomes used. Recommendations for improving the evidence-base and to raise the profile of this neglected population have been provided.
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18
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Tsadok-Cohen M, Rosenblum S, Cohen Elimelech O, Ferrante S, Meyer S. "You Need to Set a Daily Schedule": Understanding Successful Aging via Three-Sided Viewpoints. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3005. [PMID: 37998497 PMCID: PMC10671344 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11223005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the constructs related to successful aging in the context of engagement in social and productive activities. A qualitative design was used to explore three viewpoints on the aging period with 9 focus groups (3 each for adults 65 years or older, older adults' family members, and health professionals) and 18 interviews with older adults (older adults Mage = 71.7 years, Standard Deviation = 4.62). The transcripts were analyzed using constructivist grounded theory principles. Three categories were identified for successful aging: (a) engagement with life, including social participation, fixed/flexible schedule, time, and meaningful occupation; (b) self-management abilities, including producing daily schedules, independence, and initiation/striving toward goals; and (c) diversity among older adults, including their views on retirement, being active or not, and their dreams/values/goals. Considering the diverse nature of older adults, recognizing the importance of life engagement and self-management abilities emphasizes the necessity for an occupation-based, self-tailored approach to enable successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Tsadok-Cohen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.R.); (O.C.E.)
| | - Sara Rosenblum
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.R.); (O.C.E.)
| | - Ortal Cohen Elimelech
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.R.); (O.C.E.)
| | - Simona Ferrante
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Sonya Meyer
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
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19
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Soylu C, Ozekes BC. Testing a model of biopsychosocial successful aging based on socioemotional selectivity theory in the second half of life. Int Psychogeriatr 2023; 35:549-559. [PMID: 36472017 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610222001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We first tested a successful aging model, which included biomedical and psychosocial indicators. Next, we tested the assumptions on the social network characteristics of the socioemotional selectivity theory in a model where the outcome variable is successful aging. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The study was carried out in municipal centers and nursing homes. PARTICIPANTS A total of 478 adults (Mean age = 72.11, SD = 10.43) were enrolled. MEASUREMENTS Psychological Well-being Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, Future Time Perspective, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living Scale, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and Mini-Mental State Examination Test were completed. RESULTS The structural equation modeling analyses indicated that higher social satisfaction mediated the association of the future time perspective with successful aging. Furthermore, there was another significant indirect sequential path from the future time perspective to successful aging. The path was first via the number of close social partners and second, social satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the importance of social satisfaction in the process of successful aging and provide novel evidence that the socioemotional selectivity theory can be considered as a biopsychosocial model of successful aging in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Soylu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Banu Cengelci Ozekes
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Letters, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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20
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Pająk A, Polak M, Kozela M, Doryńska A, Bobak M. Trajectories in physical functioning at older age in relation to childhood and adulthood SES and social mobility: a population-based cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1228920. [PMID: 37744505 PMCID: PMC10513394 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Older age is associated with the deterioration of physical functioning (PF), and low PF is strongly related to poor quality of life among older people. We conducted a study to examine the trajectories of PF between middle and old age, considering sex differences as well as the association between socioeconomic status (SES) at different life stages and changes in PF. Methods We analyzed data from the Polish arm of the HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe) study, including 1,116 men and 1,178 women aged 45-64 years at baseline. Adult and childhood SES and social mobility were assessed using a retrospectively focused questionnaire. PF was assessed using the 10-question SF-36 scale at baseline examination, face-to-face re-examination, and three postal surveys, covering up to 20 years (on average, 18 years). We employed Generalized Estimating Equations models to assess changes in PF scores over time and compare PF trajectories across different SES categories. Results After adjusting for age and other covariates, we found that, in both sexes, participants with always middle or high SES, as well as those who reported upward mobility, had higher PF scores at baseline compared to those with always low SES. A decline in PF between middle and old age was observed in all SES groups; however, the decline was slower in participants with always middle or high SES compared to those with always low SES. Conclusion This cohort study revealed that lower SES and downward social mobility were cross-sectionally associated with poorer PF, while upward social mobility seemed to largely reverse the effect of low childhood SES. In addition to the cross-sectional associations observed at baseline, advantaged SES was also significantly associated with a slower decline in PF over an 18-year follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Pająk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Polak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kozela
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Doryńska
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martin Bobak
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Phani Krishna P, Arulmozi S, Male SR, Mishra RK. Are Older Bilinguals' Better in Metaphor Generation? JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH 2023; 52:1183-1204. [PMID: 36715812 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-022-09929-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metaphor, as widely known, is a figure of speech where a word or phrase is used to describe an object, action, or event to which it cannot be applied exactly. Metaphors are often used figuratively to enable clarity or emphasize the similarities between the two things in a frame. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between cognitive functions and generating metaphor and their associations in older bilingual and monolingual participants. We conducted the experiment with fifty-six (Bilingual and Monolingual) participants in the age group ranging from 50 to 65 years. We administered the novel and conventional metaphor generation task based on vision words in perceptual domain in Telugu. Followed by a battery of cognitive function tests: Flanker task to study the attention, Semantic Fluency task, Corsi task to check working memory, LexTALE to measure the vocabulary, and a language questionnaire. These tasks are used to investigate the association and correlation between the old age bilingual and monolingual in generating vision metaphors. The current study's findings demonstrate that bilinguals have a considerable advantage in cognitive function and their ability to generate novel metaphors are better when compared to monolinguals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Phani Krishna
- Department of Linguistics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
- Centre for Neural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
| | - S Arulmozi
- Centre for Applied Linguistics, Translation Studies, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Shiva Ram Male
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar Mishra
- Centre for Neural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
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Silva N, Rajado AT, Esteves F, Brito D, Apolónio J, Roberto VP, Binnie A, Araújo I, Nóbrega C, Bragança J, Castelo-Branco P, Andrade RP, Calado S, Faleiro ML, Matos C, Marques N, Marreiros A, Nzwalo H, Pais S, Palmeirim I, Simão S, Joaquim N, Miranda R, Pêgas A, Sardo A. Measuring healthy ageing: current and future tools. Biogerontology 2023. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s10522-023-10041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHuman ageing is a complex, multifactorial process characterised by physiological damage, increased risk of age-related diseases and inevitable functional deterioration. As the population of the world grows older, placing significant strain on social and healthcare resources, there is a growing need to identify reliable and easy-to-employ markers of healthy ageing for early detection of ageing trajectories and disease risk. Such markers would allow for the targeted implementation of strategies or treatments that can lessen suffering, disability, and dependence in old age. In this review, we summarise the healthy ageing scores reported in the literature, with a focus on the past 5 years, and compare and contrast the variables employed. The use of approaches to determine biological age, molecular biomarkers, ageing trajectories, and multi-omics ageing scores are reviewed. We conclude that the ideal healthy ageing score is multisystemic and able to encompass all of the potential alterations associated with ageing. It should also be longitudinal and able to accurately predict ageing complications at an early stage in order to maximize the chances of successful early intervention.
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23
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Behr LC, Simm A, Kluttig A, Grosskopf Großkopf A. 60 years of healthy aging: On definitions, biomarkers, scores and challenges. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101934. [PMID: 37059401 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE As the proportion of aging people in our population increases steadily, global strategies accompanied by extensive research are necessary to tackle society and health service challenges. The World Health Organization recently published an action plan: "Decade of healthy aging 2020-2030", which calls for concerted collaboration to prevent poverty of older people to provide quality education, job opportunities, and an age-inclusive infrastructure. However, scientists worldwide still struggle to find definitions and appropriate measurements of aging per se and healthy aging in particular. This literature review aims to compile concepts of healthy aging and provide a condensed overview of the challenges in defining and measuring it, along with suggestions for further research. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted three independent systematic literature searches covering the main scopes addressed in this review: (1) concepts and definitions of healthy aging, (2) outcomes and measures in (healthy) aging studies and (3) scores and indices of healthy aging. For each scope, the retrieved literature body was screened and subsequently synthesized. RESULTS We provide a historical overview of the concepts of healthy aging over the past 60 years. Furthermore, we identifiy current difficulties in identifying healthy agers, including dichotomous measurements, illness-centered views, study populations & designs. Secondly, markers and measures of healthy aging are discussed, including points to consider, like plausibility, consistency, and robustness. Finally, we present healthy aging scores as measurements, which combine multiple aspects to avoid a dichotomous categorization and display the bio-psycho-social concept of healthy aging. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION When deducting research, scientists need to consider the diverse challenges in defining and measuring healthy aging. Considering that, we recommend scores that combine multiple aspects of healthy aging, such as the Healthy Ageing Index or the ATHLOS score, among others. Further efforts are to be made on a harmonized definition of healthy aging and validated measuring instruments that are modular, easy to apply and provide comparable results in different studies and cohorts to enhance the generalization of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Charlotte Behr
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany; Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Grosskopf Großkopf
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Le DD, Quashie NT, Brandt M, Ibuka Y. Wealth inequalities in physical and cognitive impairments across Japan and Europe: the role of health expenditure and infrastructure. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:123. [PMID: 37386627 PMCID: PMC10308628 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although prior research has provided insights into the association between country-level factors and health inequalities, key research gaps remain. First, most previous studies examine subjective rather than objective health measures. Second, the wealth dimension in health inequalities is understudied. Third, a handful of studies explicitly focus on older adults. To bridge these research gaps, this study measures wealth-related inequalities in physical and cognitive impairments and examines the extent to which welfare states moderate wealth inequalities in physical and cognitive impairments among older people across Japan and Europe. We utilized harmonized data on non-institutionalized individuals aged 50-75 from the Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR) and the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) (N = 31,969 for physical impairments and 31,348 for cognitive impairments). Our multilevel linear regression analyses examined whether national public health spending and healthcare access resources explained cross-country differences in wealth inequalities in physical and cognitive impairments. We applied a concentration index to quantify the degree of wealth inequalities in impairments. The findings indicate that inequalities in both impairment outcomes favored wealthier individuals in all countries, but the magnitude of inequality varied by country. Furthermore, a higher share of public health spending, lower out-of-pocket expenditure, and higher investment in healthcare resources were associated with lower wealth inequalities, especially for physical impairments. Our findings suggest that different health interventions and policies may be needed to mitigate specific impairment inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung D Le
- Faculty of Economics, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan
| | - Nekehia T Quashie
- Department of Health Studies, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Martina Brandt
- Faculty of Social Sciences, TU Dortmund, Emil Figge Str. 50, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yoko Ibuka
- Faculty of Economics, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan.
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Kim B. Individual and environmental factors associated with successful aging among Korean older adults: Multilevel analysis of cross-sectional nationwide survey data. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 113:105062. [PMID: 37210873 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The importance of environmental influences on successful aging has recently been emphasized. However, existing studies that investigated environmental factors related to successful aging in older adults did not apply multi-level analysis while simultaneously examining individual and environmental factors related to successful aging. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of successful aging in older adults and the individual and environmental factors related to successful aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from a nationwide survey were used. The study comprised a cross-sectional sample of 73,942 community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years with individual-level data drawn from the 2019 Korea Community Health Survey. Community-level data of 255 local administrative districts (cities or counties) were extracted from the Community Health Determinant Database from 2017 to 2019. These data were merged and used in multi-level logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Generally, 27.1% of the participants achieved successful aging. Individual factors including sex, age, marital status, education level, job, monthly household income, smoking, physical activity, and body mass index were significantly associated with successful aging. Four environmental factors, urban residential area, social network, satisfaction with living environment, and air quality, were positively associated with successful aging at the community level; among them, high satisfaction with living environment (OR = 6.06, 95% CI: 2.43-15.12) was the most strongly associated factor with successful aging. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that environmental factors are essential for successful aging among older adults in addition to individual factors. Therefore, multiple strategies considering individual and environmental factors are needed to improve successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongjeong Kim
- Department of Nursing, Cheongju University, 298 Daesung-Ro, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28503, South Korea.
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26
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Okolie TJ, Ekoh PC, Onuh SC, Ugwu EO. Perspectives of Rural Older Women on the Determinants of Successful Ageing in Southeast Nigeria. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2023:10.1007/s10823-023-09480-8. [PMID: 37171747 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-023-09480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
As the global population of older persons continues to increase, the need for improved quality of life and increased life satisfaction has made successful ageing a critical discourse. The concept of successful ageing is subject to socio-cultural interpretations; thus, our study delved into the perspectives of rural older women on the determinants of successful ageing. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 rural older women aged 65 years and above in Awgu Local Government Area, Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria. Data collected were analysed thematically, and findings revealed that positive social and spiritual relationships were the most critical determinants of successful ageing. Access to and utilisation of digital technology to maintain social ties were also recognised as crucial to the successful ageing of rural older women. Thus, interventions towards successful ageing should focus on improving healthy spirituality, positive social relations and improved connection with social ties through increased access to digital technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tochukwu J Okolie
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
| | - Prince C Ekoh
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Samuel C Onuh
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel O Ugwu
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
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Dai H, Pei X, Chen J, Li X, Zhang Q, Martin P. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Health Personality Assessment for Chinese older adults. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 51:266-273. [PMID: 37031578 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Health Personality Assessment (HPA) is a reliable and brief instrument to evaluating personality in the health domain, but it has not been used in China. OBJECTIVES To cross-culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric property of HPA among Chinese older adults. METHODS The Chinese version of HPA was generated following Beaton's guidelines. The psychometric evaluation of the HPA was conducted on 482 community-dwelling older adults. RESULTS The Chinese version of HPA showed good internal consistency, item-total correlations, criterion validity, and test-retest reliability within a 2-week interval. Results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated a satisfactory model fit, convergent validity and discriminant validity were also in the acceptable range. CONCLUSIONS HPA showed good reliability and validity among the Chinese population. The generalization of the HPA may provide a new tool for health practitioners from the personality perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huohuo Dai
- Master student, School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianbo Pei
- Lecturer, School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyu Chen
- Master student, School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Master student, School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Associate professor, School of Nursing, Wuhan University, No. 115, Donghu Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, China.
| | - Peter Martin
- Professor, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, 1096 LeBaron Hall, Ames, IA 50011-1120, USA.
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Viljanen A, Salminen M, Irjala K, Korhonen P, Vahlberg T, Viitanen M, Löppönen M, Viikari L. Re-examination of successful agers with lower biological than chronological age still after a 20-year follow-up period. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:128. [PMID: 36882768 PMCID: PMC9990196 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful ageing is the term often used for depicting exceptional ageing but a uniform definition is lacking. The aim was to re-examine and describe the successful agers living at home at the age of 84 years or over after a 20-year follow-up. The purpose was also to identify possible factors leading to their successful ageing. METHODS Successful ageing was defined as the ability to live at home without daily care. Data on the participants' functional ability, objective health, self-rated health and satisfaction with life were gathered at baseline and after a 20-year follow-up period. A measurement of personal biological age (PBA) was established and the difference between the PBA and the chronological age (CA) was counted. RESULTS The participants' mean age was 87.6 years (Standard deviation 2.5, range 84-96). All analyzed variables depicted poorer physical ability and subjective health at re-examination than at baseline. Still, 99% of the participants were at least moderately satisfied with their lives. The PBA at baseline was 6.5 years younger than CA, and at re-examination, the difference was even more pronounced at 10.5 years. DISCUSSION Even though the participants were chronologically older, had poorer physical ability and subjective health, they were still satisfied with their lives indicating possible psychological resilience. The difference between the PBA and CA was greater at re-examination than at baseline indicating that they were also biologically successful agers. CONCLUSIONS Successful agers were satisfied with life despite hardships and had a lower biological than chronological age. Further research is needed to evaluate causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Viljanen
- Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Domain of General Practice and Rehabilitation, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku City Hospital, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700, Turku, Finland.
| | - Marika Salminen
- Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Medical Domain, Geriatric Medicine, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Kerttu Irjala
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Clinical Chemistry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Korhonen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Viitanen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku City Hospital, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700, Turku, Finland.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Löppönen
- Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Domain of General Practice and Rehabilitation, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Viikari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku City Hospital, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700, Turku, Finland.,Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Medical Domain, Geriatric Medicine, Turku, Finland
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Mills CM, Keller HH, DePaul VG, Donnelly C. Nutrition risk varies according to social network type: data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Fam Med Community Health 2023; 11:fmch-2022-002112. [PMID: 36813466 PMCID: PMC9950914 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2022-002112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There were two primary objectives, namely: (1) to determine the social network types that Canadian adults aged 45 and older belong to and (2) to discover if social network type is associated with nutrition risk scores and the prevalence of high nutrition risk. DESIGN A retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). PARTICIPANTS 17 051 Canadians aged 45 years and older with data from baseline and first follow-up of the CLSA. RESULTS CLSA participants could be classified into one of seven different social network types that varied from restricted to diverse. We found a statistically significant association between social network type and nutrition risk scores and percentage of individuals at high nutrition risk at both time points. Individuals with restricted social networks had lower nutrition risk scores and are more likely to be at nutrition risk, whereas individuals with diverse social networks had higher nutrition risk scores and are less likely to be at nutrition risk. CONCLUSIONS Social network type was associated with nutrition risk in this representative sample of Canadian middle-aged and older adults. Providing adults with opportunities to deepen and diversify their social networks may decrease the prevalence of nutrition risk. Individuals with more restricted networks should be proactively screened for nutrition risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather H Keller
- Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada,Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Gerard DePaul
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Donnelly
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Menassa M, Stronks K, Khatmi F, Roa Díaz ZM, Espinola OP, Gamba M, Itodo OA, Buttia C, Wehrli F, Minder B, Velarde MR, Franco OH. Concepts and definitions of healthy ageing: a systematic review and synthesis of theoretical models. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 56:101821. [PMID: 36684393 PMCID: PMC9852292 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy ageing (HA) has been defined using multiple approaches. We aim to produce a comprehensive overview and analysis of the theoretical models underpinning this concept and its associated normative terms and definitions. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed HA models in Embase.com, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science until August 2022. Original theoretical papers, concept analyses, and reviews that proposed new models were included. Operational models/definitions, development psychology theories and mechanisms of ageing were excluded. We followed an iterative approach to extract the models' characteristics and thematically analyze them based on the approach of Walker and Avant. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021238796). FINDINGS Out of 10,741 records, we included 59 papers comprising 65 models/definitions, published in English (1960-2022) from 16 countries in Europe, Asia, and America. Human ageing was described using 12 normative terms, mainly (models (%)): successful (34 (52%)), healthy (eight (12%)), well (five (8%)), and active (four (6%)). We identified intrinsic/extrinsic factors interacting throughout the life course, adaptive processes as attributes, and outcomes describing ageing patterns across objective and subjective dimensions (number of models/definitions): cognitive (62), psychological (53), physical (49), social (49), environmental (19), spiritual (16), economic (13), cultural (eight), political (six), and demographic (four) dimensions. Three types of models emerged: health-state outcomes (three), adaptations across the life course (31), or a combination of both (31). Two additional sub-classifications emphasized person-environment congruence and health promotion. INTERPRETATION HA conceptualizations highlight its multidimensionality and complexity that renders a monistic model/definition challenging. It has become evident that life long person-environment interactions, adaptations, environments, and health promotion/empowerment are essential for HA. Our model classification provides a basis for harmonizing terms and dimensions that can guide research and comparisons of empirical findings, and inform social and health policies enabling HA for various populations and contexts. FUNDING MM, ZMRD, and OI are supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant No 801076, and MM is also supported by the Swiss National Foundation grant No 189235.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyne Menassa
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Karien Stronks
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Farnaz Khatmi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Community Medicine Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zayne Milena Roa Díaz
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Octavio Pano Espinola
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Magda Gamba
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oche Adam Itodo
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Chepkoech Buttia
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Faina Wehrli
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Minder
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Public Health and Primary Care Library, University Library of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Minerva Rivas Velarde
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Public Health, Julius Center for Health Science and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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31
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Srivastava S, Muhammad T, Paul R, Khan KA. Multivariate decomposition of gender differentials in successful aging among older adults in India. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:59. [PMID: 36721109 PMCID: PMC9890860 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rowe and Kahn define successful aging as a high physical, psychological, and social functioning in old age without major diseases. It is considered a viable solution to the burdens placed on healthcare systems and financial and social security in societies with aging population. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of successful aging and explore the factors contributing to gender differentials in successful aging among older adults in India. METHODS This study utilized data from the nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, conducted in 2017-18. The study is based on a sample of 15,098 older men and 16,366 older women aged 60 years and above. The outcome variable was a dichotomous measure of successful aging with six components including absence of chronic diseases, free from disability, high cognitive ability, free from depressive symptoms, active social engagement in life and free from obesity. Older adults satisfying all these conditions were considered aging successfully. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out. Proportion test was used to evaluate the gender differentials and reflect the statistical significance in the associated factors. Multivariate decomposition analysis was conducted to identify covariates' contribution in explaining the gender differences in successful aging. RESULTS There was a significant gender difference in successful aging among older adults in India (Difference: 8.7%; p-value < 0.001] with 34.3% older men and 25.6% older women experiencing successful aging. A proportion of 88% of gender difference in successful aging was explained by the differences in the distribution of characteristics (Coef: 0.082; p-value < 0.05). Considerable gender gap in successful aging would be reduced if women had similar levels of work status (28% reduction) to their male counterparts. Bringing the level of frequent physical activity in women to the same levels observed in men would reduce the gender gap by 9%. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that women had a lower score in successful aging, which is attributed to several socioeconomic and behavioural factors including not working status and physical inactivity. More studies must be done to explore the reasons for such differences and what particular factors in low-income countries create differences among older men and women in achieving successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Srivastava
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India 400088
| | - T. Muhammad
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India 400088
| | - Ronak Paul
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India 400088
| | - Kacho Amir Khan
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India 400088
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32
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Zhang X, Lin L, Sun X, Lei X, Liu GG, Raat H, Zeng Y. Development and Validation of the Disability Index Among Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:111-119. [PMID: 35271717 PMCID: PMC9879748 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rapid population aging, the challenge to provide care for disabled older adults is becoming bigger. This study aims to develop the Disability Index (DI) to assess disability to indicate care needs, and we evaluated the reliability and validity of the DI among older adults aged 65-105. METHODS A total of 12 559 older adults (54.0% women; mean age = 84.3; SD = 11.2) from 22 provinces in China were investigated in 2017-2018. We developed the 21-item DI covering 4 subdomains, including Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), physical performance, and cognitive function. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine internal consistency. The convergent and divergent validity were assessed by Spearman rank order correlation coefficients and Pearson correlation coefficients. The known-group validity was assessed by Mann-Whitney U tests. The concurrent validity was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS In the total sample, the internal consistency of the full DI and its subdomains were satisfactory with Cronbach's alpha ≥0.70; the convergent and divergent validity of the 4 subdomains were supported by all the alternative measures; the known-group validity of the full DI and its subdomains were supported by clear discriminative ability; and the concurrent validity of the full DI was supported with all the AUCs ≥0.70. The reliability and validity of the full DI and its subdomains were additionally supported by age subgroups and sex subgroups. CONCLUSIONS The DI is a reliable and valid instrument to assess disability status among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxi Zhang
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- Public Heath School, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lei
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gordon G Liu
- National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical School, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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33
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Sun J, Zhao X, Zhou J, Dang X, Zhu S, Liu L, Zhou Z. Preliminary Analysis of Volume-Based Resting-State Functional MRI Characteristics of Successful Aging in China. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:767-778. [PMID: 36502325 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resting-state function MRI (rs-fMRI) research on successful aging can provide insight into the mechanism of aging with a different perspective from aging-related disease. OBJECTIVE rs-fMRI research was used to analyze the brain function characteristics of successful aging. METHODS A total of 47 usual aging individuals and 26 successful aging (SA) individuals underwent rs-fMRI scans and neuropsychological tests. Volume-based rs-fMRI data analysis was performed with DPASF to obtain ALFF, ReHo, DC, and VMHC. RESULTS The SA group showed increased ALFF in right opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus (Frontal_Inf_Oper_R) and right supramarginal gyrus; increased ReHo in right middle temporal pole gyrus and decreased ReHo in left superior frontal gyrus and middle occipital gyrus; increased DC in right medial orbitofrontal gyrus and pulvinar part of thalamus; decreased DC in left fusiform gyrus and right medial frontal gyrus; increased VMHC in right medial orbitofrontal gyrus; and decreased VMHC in the right superior temporal gyrus, right and left middle temporal gyrus, right and left triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus. ALFF in Frontal_Inf_Oper_R were found to be significantly correlated with MMSE scores (r = 0.301, p = 0.014) and ages (r = -0.264, p = 0.032) in all subjects, which could be used to distinguish the SA (AUC = 0.733, 95% CI: 0.604-0.863) by ROC analysis. CONCLUSION The brain regions with altered fMRI characteristics in SA group were concentrated in frontal (6 brain regions) and temporal (4 brain regions) lobes. ALFF in Frontal_Inf_Oper_R was significantly correlated to cognitive function and ages, which might be used to distinguish the SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Sun
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of General Psychiatry, Yangzhou Wutaishan Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingfu Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianbang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Haidong First People's Hospital, Haidong, Qinghai, China
| | - Xinghong Dang
- Department of Psychiatry, Haidong First People's Hospital, Haidong, Qinghai, China
| | - Shenglong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Haidong First People's Hospital, Haidong, Qinghai, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenhe Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Components of a Behavior Change Model Drive Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Persons. J Aging Phys Act 2023; 31:506-514. [PMID: 36669505 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to inform a measurement approach for older persons who wish to engage in active living such as participating in a walking program. The Patient Generated Index, an individualized measurement approach, and directed and summative content analyses were carried out. A sample size of 204 participants (mean age 75 years; 62% women) was recruited; it generated 934 text threads mapped to 460 unique categories within 45 domains with similarities and differences for women and men. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviors Model best linked the domains. The results suggest that older persons identify the need to overcome impaired capacity, low motivation, and barriers to engagement to live actively. These are all areas that active living programs could address. How to measure the outcomes of these programs remains elusive.
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Hernández‐Ascanio J, Perula‐de Torres LÁ, Rich‐Ruiz M, González‐Santos J, Mielgo‐Ayuso J, González‐Bernal J. Effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention to reduce social isolation and loneliness in community-dwelling elders: A randomized clinical trial. Nurs Open 2023; 10:48-60. [PMID: 35751180 PMCID: PMC9748110 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on reducing social isolation and loneliness and improving the quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN A cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial. METHODS A total of 56 older adults participated in the control group and 63 older adults in the experimental group. The intervention consisted of 6 home-based face-to-face sessions, intercalated with 5 telephone calls and was conducted by nursing students and volunteer staff with experience in the subject. The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2019. In terms of statistical analysis, several procedures were carried out: a statistical analysis per protocol and intention to treat, considering isolation, loneliness and quality of life as endpoints; a comparison of paired means, to analyse the behaviour of the outcome variables at baseline and the end of the study; and finally, a binary logistic regression analysis, considering social support as a dependent variable. RESULTS The study results do not show the effectiveness of the modified CARELINK programme, analysed as a whole, on the decrease in social isolation or loneliness or the improvement in HRQL. However, a detailed analysis of the behaviour of some of the variables during the study indicates some results that deserve to be commented on. Comparing the mean confidential support scores between the experimental and control group at the initial and final stages shows significant differences in the analysis by protocol, and close to statistical significance in the analysis by intention to treat. Comparing the paired means obtained in the experimental group, an improvement in emotional loneliness scores was found. Finally, the variables associated with the social support of the subjects at the end of the follow-up period were as follows: having people who help them and mobility. CONCLUSION Although the results obtained do not allow us to affirm that the intervention programme is effective, these same results point to improved confidential support and emotional loneliness in older adults participating in the intervention. Having people to help them and a greater degree of mobility are factors favouring the decrease in social isolation. IMPACT This study suggested that modified CARELINK, a multicomponent intervention performed by trained volunteers, could improve confidential support in community-dwelling older adults. It also reports the importance of considering the level of mobility and support networks as determinants of the improvement caused by the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Hernández‐Ascanio
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)University of Cordoba (UCO)Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS)CórdobaSpain
| | - Luis Ángel Perula‐de Torres
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)University of Cordoba (UCO)Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS)CórdobaSpain
- Family and Community Medicine Unit of the Cordoba‐Guadalquivir Health DistrictCórdobaSpain
| | - Manuel Rich‐Ruiz
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)University of Cordoba (UCO)Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS)CórdobaSpain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES)Health Institute Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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Kubinyi E. Biologia Futura: four questions about ageing and the future of relevant animal models. Biol Futur 2022; 73:385-391. [PMID: 36131217 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-022-00135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how active and healthy ageing can be achieved is one of the most relevant global problems. In this review, I use the "Four questions" framework of Tinbergen to investigate how ageing works, how it might contribute to the survival of species, how it develops during the lifetime of (human) individuals and how it evolved. The focus of ageing research is usually on losses, although trajectories in later life show heterogeneity and many individuals experience healthy ageing. In humans, mild changes in cognition might be a typical part of ageing, but deficits are a sign of pathology. The ageing of the world's populations, and relatedly, the growing number of pathologically ageing people, is one of the major global problems. Animal models can help to understand the intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Kubinyi
- Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. .,MTA-ELTE Lendület "Momentum" Companion Animal Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
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The Technology Acceptance Model and Older Adults' Exercise Intentions-A Systematic Literature Review. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7060124. [PMID: 36412613 PMCID: PMC9680329 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7060124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a global phenomenon, and the use of exercise technology by older adults can help them to prevent disease, achieve good health, and ultimately achieve successful aging. In the past, there literature compilation studies have been conducted on sports technology and young people or on the use of technology by the older adults; however, no studies have determined the attitudes of older adults toward sports technology. This review applied a systematic literature analysis to determine the factors that correlate the technology acceptance model with the older population's exercise attitudes. A total of 10 studies were identified as contributing to the use of exercise technology by older adults. The main findings of this review are that, of the 28 factors identified in the 10 studies, only 18 were identified as factors influencing older adults' use of sports technology in the technology acceptance model (TAM). Among these, fifteen factors affected intention, four factors affected perceived ease of use, three factors affected perceived usefulness, and two factors affected attitudes. Finally, discussing the related factors affecting TAM allows us to provide suggestions for future research directions.
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Physical Activity Among Older Women Living in Rural Areas in Canada: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF POPULATION AGEING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12062-022-09380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough there is strong evidence linking physical activity in older age with wellbeing and health benefits, these relationships tend to be under-researched in a rural context. A scoping review was conducted to identify what is known about physical activity among older women living in rural Canada. The search strategy was intentionally broad, with eight databases, academic journals, and websites scanned for research and grey literature related to Canada, in English, from 2000 to 2022. 33 studies, reviews, and reports were included in the final selection. These articles indicate that physical activity among older women living in rural Canada is influenced by a multitude of layers, contexts, conditions, and environments, with outcomes dependent on a mixture of personal, relational, community, societal, and governmental factors. In general, the women are committed to creating and maintaining an active lifestyle, and supporting their local rural community to enable these activities. While the social environment can proscribe physical activity through ageist attitudes and restrictive socio-cultural norms, social support from family and community members mitigates against these constraints. Rural infrastructure, geography, climate (seasons and weather), as well as transportation and policy issues may also impede the physical activity opportunities of the women. Some of the problems related to sustaining and resourcing recreational activity in rural communities are partly addressed through the implications presented in the articles. Among others, these suggestions relate to leadership and learning opportunities, public engagement, and the partnership working involved in supporting physical activity in rural areas. However, further research is long overdue.
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Ho M, Pullenayegum E, Burnes D, Fuller-Thomson E. Successful Aging among Immigrant and Canadian-Born Older Adults: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13199. [PMID: 36293780 PMCID: PMC9603725 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies in Canada have focused on the relationship between immigrant status and successful aging. The concept of successful aging used in this study includes the ability to accomplish both activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), freedom from mental illness, memory problems and disabling chronic pain, adequate social support and older adults' self-reported happiness and subjective perception of their physical health, mental health and aging process as good. METHODS The present study analyzed the first two waves of data from the comprehensive cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). The sample includes 7651 respondents aged 60+ at time 2, of whom 1446 respondents were immigrants. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS Canadian-born older adults had a slightly higher prevalence and age-sex adjusted odds of achieving successful aging than their immigrant counterparts (aOR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.34, p < 0.001). After adjusting for 18 additional factors, immigrant status remained statistically significant (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.41, p < 0.001). Significant baseline factors associated with successful aging among immigrants included being younger, having higher income, being married, not being obese, never smoking, engaging in moderate or strenuous physical activities, not having sleeping problems and being free of heart disease or arthritis. CONCLUSIONS Immigrant older adults had a lower prevalence of successful aging than their Canadian-born peers. Further research could investigate whether policies and interventions supporting older immigrants and promoting a healthy lifestyle enhance older adults achieve successful aging in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Ho
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
- Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Eleanor Pullenayegum
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - David Burnes
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
- Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
- Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
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İNAL Ö, TURAN FN, PEKÇETİN S, HWANG E. Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Health Enhancement Lifestyle Profile-Screener Questionnaire (T-Help-Screener). CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.973678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Healthy ageing is associated with a healthy lifestyle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity, reliability, and cultural adaptation of the Turkish version of the Health Enhancement Lifestyle Profile Screener (T-HELP-Screener). Methods: This study included 150 participants aged 65 years and above. Internal consistency of the T-HELP-Screener was measured using Kuder–Richardson. Test-retest reliability was performed with 66 of the 150 participants using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct validity of the T-HELP-Screener was analyzed with the Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale-II (HLBS-II). Results: This study showed a substantially reliable level (Kuder–Richardson=0.72). The ICC for each of the T-HELP-Screener items ranged from 0.750 (95% CI = 0.590–0.847) to 0.965 (95% CI = 0.942–0.978) indicating acceptable to good test-retest reliability. There was a significant moderate correlation between the T-HELP-Screener and the HLBS-II (rs = 0.488; p =0.001). Conclusion: This study supports the psychometric properties of the T-HELP-Screener. This tool can help quickly identify older adults who need a more comprehensive assessment of their health risk behaviours. Future studies should develop and validate a Turkish version of the comprehensive 56-item Health Enhancement Lifestyle Profile (HELP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgü İNAL
- SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GÜLHANE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ
| | | | - Serkan PEKÇETİN
- SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GÜLHANE SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ
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McGRATH C, SUEN RPC, McKENNA G, MOORE C, WONG MCM. Oral Health and Successful Ageing - The PROS and dPROS: A Scoping Review. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2022; 22:101714. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Subjective age and its relationships with physical, mental, and cognitive functioning: A cross-sectional study of 1,004 community-dwelling adults across the lifespan. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:160-166. [PMID: 35728360 PMCID: PMC9844078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Perceived younger age is associated with positive health outcomes in existing literature. Few studies have examined these associations using a wide range of variables in large sample of adults of all ages. The objective of present study was to characterize the discrepancy between chronological age (CA) and subjective age (SA) in a large sample of community-dwelling adults across the lifespan, investigate associations with mental, physical, and cognitive health, and examine how it is related to a broad array of psychosocial variables relevant to well-being. Cross-sectional data from 1,004 individuals aged 21-100+ years from the Successful AGing Evaluation (SAGE) study were used for this analysis. Data included self-report measures of physical health (SF-36 - Physical Component), mental health composite score (created using CES-D Happiness scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, SF-36 Mental Component, Brief Symptom Inventory Anxiety Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Perceived Stress Scale), Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status - modified (TICS-m), and validated measures of various positive psychological variables such as meaning in life and optimism. On average, SA was 11.5 years younger than CA (SD 11.3). The discrepancy increased with CA. A younger SA compared to CA was associated with better mental and physical health in all age groups and was positively associated with measures of presence of meaning in life, successful aging, optimism, personal mastery, resilience, curiosity, hope, and social support. The association between age discrepancy and cognitive functioning was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that SA is potentially valuable for the purposes of clinical assessment and intervention, and this possibility should be investigated in future research.
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Bevilacqua R, Di Rosa M, Riccardi GR, Pelliccioni G, Lattanzio F, Felici E, Margaritini A, Amabili G, Maranesi E. Design and Development of a Scale for Evaluating the Acceptance of Social Robotics for Older People: The Robot Era Inventory. Front Neurorobot 2022; 16:883106. [PMID: 35874107 PMCID: PMC9302437 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2022.883106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNowadays, several robots have been developed to provide not only companionship to older adults, but also to cooperate with them during health and lifestyle activities. Despite the undeniable wealth of socially assistive robots (SARs), there is an increasing need to customize the tools used for measuring their acceptance in real-life applications.MethodsWithin the Robot-Era project, a scale was developed to understand the degree of acceptance of the robotic platform. A preliminary test with 21 participants was performed to assess the statistical validity of the Robot-Era Inventory (REI) scales.ResultsBased on the criteria observed in the literature, 41 items were developed and grouped in different scales (perceived robot personality, human–robot interaction, perceived benefit, ease of use, and perceived usefulness). The reliability of the Robot-Era Inventory scale was analyzed with Cronbach's alpha, with a mean value of 0.79 (range = 0.61–0.91). Furthermore, the preliminary validity of this scale has been tested by using the correlation analysis with a gold standard, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model.DiscussionThe Robot-Era Inventory represents a useful tool that can be easily personalized and included in the assessment of any SARs that cooperate with older people in real environment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bevilacqua
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberta Bevilacqua
| | - Mirko Di Rosa
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Elisa Felici
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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Hawley AL, Liang X, Børsheim E, Wolfe RR, Salisbury L, Hendy E, Wu H, Walker S, Tacinelli AM, Baum JI. The potential role of beef and nutrients found in beef on outcomes of wellbeing in healthy adults 50 years of age and older: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Meat Sci 2022; 189:108830. [PMID: 35483315 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Shifts in wellbeing and health occur as we age. As life expectancy increases, maintenance of wellbeing and health becomes increasingly important. Nutrients found in beef are associated with outcomes of wellbeing such as physical and cognitive function, lean body mass, and mood in older adults and individuals with chronic disease. However, it is unclear how beef and nutrients found in beef impact wellbeing in healthy adults ≥50 years of age. This study systematically reviewed evidence linking the intake of beef and nutrients found in beef to markers of wellbeing in healthy adults. PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched up to August 31, 2021 for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Nutrients included in the analysis were beef, red meat, dietary protein, essential amino acids, branched chain amino acids, tryptophan, arginine, cysteine, glycine, glutamate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, choline, zinc, and iron. We identified nine RCTs with results from 55 measurements of markers of wellbeing. An overall positive effect was found of beef and beef's nutrients on wellbeing. There was an overall positive effect of amino acids and protein on wellbeing, with no effect of arginine, vitamin B-12, leucine, and zinc. Physical function was also influenced by beef and nutrients found in beef. Eight of the studies found focused on specific nutrients found in beef, and not beef itself in older adults with one or more chronic diseases. This study identified a need for further research regarding the effect of beef and nutrients found in beef on defined functional outcomes of wellbeing in healthy adults ≥50 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubree L Hawley
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Xinya Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Human Resources, and Communication Disorders, College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Elisabet Børsheim
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America; Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynold's Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Robert R Wolfe
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynold's Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Lutishoor Salisbury
- University of Arkansas Libraries, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Emma Hendy
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Hexirui Wu
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Sam Walker
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Angela M Tacinelli
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Jamie I Baum
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America.
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Jiang Y, Yang F. Association between internet use and successful aging of older Chinese women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:536. [PMID: 35764930 PMCID: PMC9241215 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03199-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The internet has become ubiquitous in contemporary human life. However, little is known about the association between internet use and older people’s aging process, especially that of older women. Methods Using the nationally representative dataset of the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey 2016, we examined the relationship between internet usage and the successful aging of older Chinese women. The sample in this study consisted of 2713 respondents with an average age of 69.963 years. Successful aging was defined as no major diseases, no disability, high cognitive functioning, high physical functioning, and active engagement with life. Older women’s internet use behavior was represented by internet use frequency. Probit and instrumental variable models were employed to test the association between internet use frequency and successful aging of older women. The Karlson/Holm/Breen (KHB) mediation analysis was used to estimate the mediating effect of social capital on the relationship between internet use frequency and older women’s successful aging. Results Using a probit model (coefficient = 0.030, p < 0.001) and an instrumental variable probit model (coefficient = 0.287, p < 0.001), it was found that a successful aging status was significantly correlated with an increase in internet use frequency. The functional mechanism analysis suggested that social capital partially mediated the overall association between internet use frequency and successful aging. Conclusions This study suggests that the more frequently older Chinese women use the internet, the greater the possibility of successful aging. Our findings provide new evidence from China about the determinants of older women’s aging process and aid in formulating targeted aging policies for older women in developing countries and regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Labor and Social Security, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Goshen A, Goldbourt U, Benyamini Y, Shimony T, Keinan-Boker L, Gerber Y. Association of Diet Quality With Longevity and Successful Aging in Israeli Adults 65 Years or Older. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2214916. [PMID: 35648399 PMCID: PMC9161011 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.14916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE To our knowledge, the role of overall diet quality in successful aging has not been conclusively demonstrated. OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the association between diet quality and longevity and successful aging in a population-based cohort of older adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Participants in "Mabat Zahav" (the Israeli National Health and Nutrition Survey of Older Adults), an older adult cohort (aged ≥65 years) consisting of a random sample of 1770 individuals, were recruited from July 2005 to December 2006 (time 1 [T1]). Survivors of T1 were again contacted and asked to participate in a second interview. From May 2017 to June 2019 (time 2 [T2]), an extensive face-to-face interview and a functional assessment were conducted in each participant's home in a subsample of 604 participants from T1, representing 72.7% of 820 surviving individuals who were able to complete interviews and assessments. EXPOSURES A 24-hour dietary recall, assessed at T1, was used to calculate scores from the 2015 version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) (scores range from 0 [worst diet] to 100 [best diet]). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Time to death, with follow-up lasting through June 2019, and successful aging. The latter, based on T2 assessment, was defined as (objectively measured) preserved physical and cognitive function and (subjective) mental well-being and favorable self-rated health. Inverse probability weighting was used in the analysis to minimize attrition bias. RESULTS At T1, the study included 1770 participants (mean [SD] age, 74.6 [6.2] years; 943 women [53%]). On average, participants with higher HEI-2015 scores had healthier lifestyles and higher socioeconomic status at T1. During a median follow-up duration of 12.6 years (IQR, 7.6-13.2 years), 893 deaths occurred. Among the 596 T2 participants analyzed (mean [SD] age, 84.1 [4.4] years; 334 [56%] women), 242 (40%) met successful aging criteria. After adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors, a higher HEI-2015 score was inversely associated with mortality (hazard ratios, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72-0.99 in the upper tertile and 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71-0.98 in the middle tertile vs the lower tertile; P = .04 for trend) and was positively associated with successful aging (odds ratios, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.10-2.72 in the upper tertile and 1.30; 95% CI, 0.83-2.03 in the middle tertile vs the lower tertile; P = .03 for trend). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of older adults in Israel, improved diet quality was associated with increased longevity and successful aging in a dose-dependent manner. These data contribute to the body of literature that suggests diet quality is associated with aging in the older age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Goshen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uri Goldbourt
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Benyamini
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Shimony
- Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Lital Keinan-Boker
- Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yariv Gerber
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Lilian and Marcel Pollak Chair in Biological Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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47
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Embodied experiences and existential reflections of the oldest old. J Aging Stud 2022; 61:101028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2022.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Berko J, Mazonson P, Loo T, Grant P, Zolopa A, Spinelli F, Short D. Factors Associated with Resilience Among Older People Living with HIV. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:1448-1455. [PMID: 34698952 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Resilience, a measure of stress coping ability, may be important in helping older people (age 50+) living with HIV (PLWH) age successfully, but limited data exist regarding factors that contribute to resilience for this group. This study uses the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 2 (CD-RISC2) to assess resilience, based on a cross-sectional analysis of 1047 older PLWH. Bivariate linear regression models were used to identify predictor variables that had a relationship with resilience. Those variables were then included in a multivariable linear regression model, which was pared using backward selection. In the multivariable model, higher income and greater interpersonal support were associated with greater resilience, whereas depression and anxiety were associated with lower resilience. Relevant interventions that address these issues, such as increasing opportunities for social support and increasing screening for and treatment of depression and anxiety, are identified as potential pathways to increase resilience among older PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Berko
- Mazonson & Santas, Inc., 15 Hillcrest Ave., Larkspur, CA, 94939, USA.
| | - Peter Mazonson
- Mazonson & Santas, Inc., 15 Hillcrest Ave., Larkspur, CA, 94939, USA
| | - Theoren Loo
- Mazonson & Santas, Inc., 15 Hillcrest Ave., Larkspur, CA, 94939, USA
| | | | - Andrew Zolopa
- Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- ViiV Healthcare, Raleigh, NC, USA
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49
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Abstract
Objectives: To characterize the inclusion of cognition in definitions of successful aging (SA) according to empirical studies published in peer-reviewed journals.Methods: A systematic review across ISI Web of Knowledge.Results: Of the 74 included studies, there were 65 studies (87.8%) analyzing cognition as one component of multicomponent SA model (cognitive component studies), and 9 studies (12.2%) focusing solely on successful cognitive aging (SCA studies). Most of the studies operationalized cognition in SA by defining SA group and analyzing single SA indicators. A minority of the studies calculated the SA index. Finally, emergent techniques to operationalize SA as a latent variable and emergent field of cognition in SA in pathology were identified.Conclusions: The results highlight that cognition is being included in SA using different levels of complexity. Even though research investigating SA in pathology is emerging, there is currently a lack of utilization of the concept in pathological and at-risk populations.Clinical implications: The current research of cognition in SA provides several valid options to evaluate if a person is aging successfully. The emerging research indicates that people from at-risk and pathological populations can age successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Mana
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Bezdicek
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
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Muhammad T, Srivastava S, Hossain B, Paul R, Sekher TV. Decomposing rural-urban differences in successful aging among older Indian adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6430. [PMID: 35440788 PMCID: PMC9018817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The modernization and shift towards urbanized lifestyles have triggered several diseases, and the context of aging varies in urban and rural settings in India. The study aimed to investigate the urban-rural differences in successful ageing among older adults in India and the contributing factors in those differences. The study utilizes data from nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017-18). The analytical sample size for the study was 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were carried out to present the initial results. Multivariable logistic regression and decomposition analysis was used to find the associations between explanatory variables and successful aging and to identify the contributions of covariates that explain the rural-urban differences in successful ageing. A proportion of 32% and 24% of older adults from rural and urban areas were successful agers with an urban disadvantage. Urban-dwelling older adults had 0.67 times [95% confidence interval (CI): (0.64, 0.71)] lower unadjusted odds of successful ageing than rural older adults. Again, after adjusting for the effect of other explanatory variables, urban older adults had 0.92 times [CI: (0.87, 0.98)] lower odds of being successful agers than their rural counterparts. The major contributors to the rural-urban inequality in successful aging were differences in regional distribution (17% contribution), waist circumference (16%), working status (16%), body mass index (13%) and physical activity (8%) among rural and urban older adults. The urban disadvantage in aging successfully may reflect the higher prevalence of adverse lifestyle behaviours in urban dwellers and under-diagnosis and under-reporting of many diseases in rural areas, particularly non-communicable diseases, suggesting the need for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India.
| | - Babul Hossain
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
| | - Ronak Paul
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
| | - T V Sekher
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
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