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Chansoria P, Chaudhari A, Etter EL, Bonacquisti EE, Heavey MK, Le J, Maruthamuthu MK, Kussatz CC, Blackwell J, Jasiewicz NE, Sellers RS, Maile R, Wallet SM, Egan TM, Nguyen J. Instantly adhesive and ultra-elastic patches for dynamic organ and wound repair. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4720. [PMID: 38830847 PMCID: PMC11148085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioadhesive materials and patches are promising alternatives to surgical sutures and staples. However, many existing bioadhesives do not meet the functional requirements of current surgical procedures and interventions. Here, we present a translational patch material that exhibits instant adhesion to tissues (2.5-fold stronger than Tisseel, an FDA-approved fibrin glue), ultra-stretchability (stretching to >300% its original length without losing elasticity), compatibility with rapid photo-projection (<2 min fabrication time/patch), and ability to deliver therapeutics. Using our established procedures for the in silico design and optimization of anisotropic-auxetic patches, we created next-generation patches for instant attachment to tissues while conforming to a broad range of organ mechanics ex vivo and in vivo. Patches coated with extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells demonstrate robust wound healing capability in vivo without inducing a foreign body response and without the need for patch removal that can cause pain and bleeding. We further demonstrate a single material-based, void-filling auxetic patch designed for the treatment of lung puncture wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Chansoria
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ameya Chaudhari
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Emma L Etter
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Emily E Bonacquisti
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mairead K Heavey
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jiayan Le
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Murali Kannan Maruthamuthu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Caden C Kussatz
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - John Blackwell
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Natalie E Jasiewicz
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rani S Sellers
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Robert Maile
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Shannon M Wallet
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Thomas M Egan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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2
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Xiong W, Lai G, Liu WH. A Type of Stable Amides Behaves as Acyl Transfer Reagents upon Visible-Light Irradiation through Self-Aromatization. Chemistry 2024:e202401619. [PMID: 38773843 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Organic molecules with light-modifiable reactivity are important in many fields because they can serve as the "switch" for light to trigger chemical processes. Herein, we disclose a new type of stable non-twisted amides, the reactivity of which can be turned on by light as acyl transfer reagents. Upon photo-activation, these amides react with various nucleophiles including amines, phenols, hydroxide, thiols, boronic acids, and alkynes either under metal-free or metal-catalysis conditions. This reactivity hinges on the design and synthesis of a photo-activatable reagent (7-nitro-5,6-dihydrophenanthridine), which undergoes self-aromatization enabled by an internal oxidant under light. This masked acyl donor group is anticipated to be useful in scenarios where light is preferred to trigger a chemical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Xiong
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guoyin Lai
- Guangzhou Flower Flavours & Fragrances Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510442, China
| | - Wenbo H Liu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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3
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Agrawal P, Tiwari A, Chowdhury SK, Vohra M, Gour A, Waghmare N, Bhutani U, Kamalnath S, Sangwan B, Rajput J, Raj R, Rajendran NP, Kamath AV, Haddadin R, Chandru A, Sangwan VS, Bhowmick T. Kuragel: A biomimetic hydrogel scaffold designed to promote corneal regeneration. iScience 2024; 27:109641. [PMID: 38646166 PMCID: PMC11031829 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cornea-related injuries are the most common cause of blindness worldwide. Transplantation remains the primary approach for addressing corneal blindness, though the demand for donor corneas outmatches the supply by millions. Tissue adhesives employed to seal corneal wounds have shown inefficient healing and incomplete vision restoration. We have developed a biodegradable hydrogel - Kuragel, with the ability to promote corneal regeneration. Functionalized gelatin and hyaluronic acid form photo-crosslinkable hydrogel with transparency and compressive modulus similar to healthy human cornea. Kuragel composition was tuned to achieve sufficient adhesive strength for sutureless integration to host tissue, with minimal swelling post-administration. Studies in the New Zealand rabbit mechanical injury model affecting corneal epithelium and stroma demonstrate that Kuragel efficiently promotes re-epithelialization within 1 month of administration, while stroma and sub-basal nerve plexus regenerate within 3 months. We propose Kuragel as a regenerative treatment for patients suffering from corneal defects including thinning, by restoration of transparency and thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anil Tiwari
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
- Dr. Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mehak Vohra
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | - Abha Gour
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
- Dr. Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - S. Kamalnath
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Jyoti Rajput
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | - Ritu Raj
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Ramez Haddadin
- Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arun Chandru
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Tuhin Bhowmick
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt., Ltd, Bangalore, India
- Pandorum International Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA
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4
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Puiggalí-Jou A, Rizzo R, Bonato A, Fisch P, Ponta S, Weber DM, Zenobi-Wong M. FLight Biofabrication Supports Maturation of Articular Cartilage with Anisotropic Properties. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302179. [PMID: 37867457 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches that recapitulate cartilage biomechanical properties are emerging as promising methods to restore the function of injured or degenerated tissue. However, despite significant progress in this research area, the generation of engineered cartilage constructs akin to native counterparts still represents an unmet challenge. In particular, the inability to accurately reproduce cartilage zonal architecture with different collagen fibril orientations is a significant limitation. The arrangement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a fundamental role in determining the mechanical and biological functions of the tissue. In this study, it is shown that a novel light-based approach, Filamented Light (FLight) biofabrication, can be used to generate highly porous, 3D cell-instructive anisotropic constructs that lead to directional collagen deposition. Using a photoclick-based photoresin optimized for cartilage tissue engineering, a significantly improved maturation of the cartilaginous tissues with zonal architecture and remarkable native-like mechanical properties is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Puiggalí-Jou
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 52 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Angela Bonato
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Fisch
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Simone Ponta
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Daniel M Weber
- Division of Hand Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, 8032, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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5
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Soliman BG, Longoni A, Major GS, Lindberg GCJ, Choi YS, Zhang YS, Woodfield TBF, Lim KS. Harnessing Macromolecular Chemistry to Design Hydrogel Micro- and Macro-Environments. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300457. [PMID: 38035637 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation within three-dimensional hydrogels is a promising approach to mimic tissues. However, true biomimicry of the intricate microenvironment, biophysical and biochemical gradients, and the macroscale hierarchical spatial organizations of native tissues is an unmet challenge within tissue engineering. This review provides an overview of the macromolecular chemistries that have been applied toward the design of cell-friendly hydrogels, as well as their application toward controlling biophysical and biochemical bulk and gradient properties of the microenvironment. Furthermore, biofabrication technologies provide the opportunity to simultaneously replicate macroscale features of native tissues. Biofabrication strategies are reviewed in detail with a particular focus on the compatibility of these strategies with the current macromolecular toolkit described for hydrogel design and the challenges associated with their clinical translation. This review identifies that the convergence of the ever-expanding macromolecular toolkit and technological advancements within the field of biofabrication, along with an improved biological understanding, represents a promising strategy toward the successful tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram G Soliman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Alessia Longoni
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Gretel S Major
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Gabriella C J Lindberg
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact Department of Bioengineering, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
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6
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Lu G, Tang R, Nie J, Zhu X. Photocuring 3D Printing of Hydrogels: Techniques, Materials, and Applications in Tissue Engineering and Flexible Devices. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300661. [PMID: 38271638 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Photocuring 3D printing of hydrogels, with sophisticated, delicate structures and biocompatibility, attracts significant attention by researchers and possesses promising application in the fields of tissue engineering and flexible devices. After years of development, photocuring 3D printing technologies and hydrogel inks make great progress. Herein, the techniques of photocuring 3D printing of hydrogels, including direct ink writing (DIW), stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), continuous liquid interface production (CLIP), volumetric additive manufacturing (VAM), and two photon polymerization (TPP) are reviewed. Further, the raw materials for hydrogel inks (photocurable polymers, monomers, photoinitiators, and additives) and applications in tissue engineering and flexible devices are also reviewed. At last, the current challenges and future perspectives of photocuring 3D printing of hydrogels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ruifen Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Nie
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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7
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Bonato P, Bagno A. Replace or Regenerate? Diverse Approaches to Biomaterials for Treating Corneal Lesions. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:202. [PMID: 38667213 PMCID: PMC11047895 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9040202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The inner structures of the eye are protected by the cornea, which is a transparent membrane exposed to the external environment and subjected to the risk of lesions and diseases, sometimes resulting in impaired vision and blindness. Several eye pathologies can be treated with a keratoplasty, a surgical procedure aimed at replacing the cornea with tissues from human donors. Even though the success rate is high (up to 90% for the first graft in low-risk patients at 5-year follow-up), this approach is limited by the insufficient number of donors and several clinically relevant drawbacks. Alternatively, keratoprosthesis can be applied in an attempt to restore minimal functions of the cornea: For this reason, it is used only for high-risk patients. Recently, many biomaterials of both natural and synthetic origin have been developed as corneal substitutes to restore and replace diseased or injured corneas in low-risk patients. After illustrating the traditional clinical approaches, the present paper aims to review the most innovative solutions that have been recently proposed to regenerate the cornea, avoiding the use of donor tissues. Finally, innovative approaches to biological tissue 3D printing and xenotransplantation will be mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Bagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
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8
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Zhu D, Peng X, Li L, Zhang J, Xiao P. 3D Printed Ion-Responsive Personalized Transdermal Patch. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14113-14123. [PMID: 38442338 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Microneedle patches are easy-to-use medical devices for transdermal administration. However, the insufficient insertion of microneedles due to the gap between planar patches and contoured skin affects drug delivery. Herein, we formulate a prepolymer for high-fidelity three-dimensional (3D) printed personalized transdermal patches. With the excellent photoinitiation ability of 2-(4-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine (Tz), a high-fidelity and precise microneedle patch is successfully fabricated. Upon irradiation of the white illuminator, the doped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the patch release heat and promisingly induce sweat production. With the introduction of Na+, the dominant component of sweat, the curvature of the produced transdermal patch is observed due to the ion-induced network rearrangement. The alkanethiol-stabilized AuNP with an end group of a carboxyl group causes controlled drug release behavior. Furthermore, the irradiation-induced photothermal heating of AuNP can facilitate the sustainability of drug release thanks to the substantially increased particle size of AuNP. These findings demonstrate that the developed prepolymer is a promising candidate for the production of transdermal patches fitting the curvature of the body surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - X Peng
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - L Li
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - J Zhang
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - P Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
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9
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Khiari Z. Recent Developments in Bio-Ink Formulations Using Marine-Derived Biomaterials for Three-Dimensional (3D) Bioprinting. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:134. [PMID: 38535475 PMCID: PMC10971850 DOI: 10.3390/md22030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting is a disruptive, computer-aided, and additive manufacturing technology that allows the obtention, layer-by-layer, of 3D complex structures. This technology is believed to offer tremendous opportunities in several fields including biomedical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Several bioprinting processes and bio-ink materials have emerged recently. However, there is still a pressing need to develop low-cost sustainable bio-ink materials with superior qualities (excellent mechanical, viscoelastic and thermal properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability). Marine-derived biomaterials, including polysaccharides and proteins, represent a viable and renewable source for bio-ink formulations. Therefore, the focus of this review centers around the use of marine-derived biomaterials in the formulations of bio-ink. It starts with a general overview of 3D bioprinting processes followed by a description of the most commonly used marine-derived biomaterials for 3D bioprinting, with a special attention paid to chitosan, glycosaminoglycans, alginate, carrageenan, collagen, and gelatin. The challenges facing the application of marine-derived biomaterials in 3D bioprinting within the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields along with future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Khiari
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
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10
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Norberg AE, Bakirci E, Lim KS, Dalton PD, Woodfield TBF, Lindberg GCJ. Bioassembly of hemoglobin-loaded photopolymerizable spheroids alleviates hypoxia-induced cell death. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025026. [PMID: 38373325 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad2a7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of oxygen within tissue engineered constructs is essential for cell survivability; however, achieving this within larger biofabricated constructs poses a significant challenge. Efforts to overcome this limitation often involve the delivery of synthetic oxygen generating compounds. The application of some of these compounds is problematic for the biofabrication of living tissues due to inherent issues such as cytotoxicity, hyperoxia and limited structural stability due to oxygen inhibition of radical-based crosslinking processes. This study aims to develop an oxygen delivering system relying on natural-derived components which are cytocompatible, allow for photopolymerization and advanced biofabrication processes, and improve cell survivability under hypoxia (1% O2). We explore the binding of human hemoglobin (Hb) as a natural oxygen deposit within photopolymerizable allylated gelatin (GelAGE) hydrogels through the spontaneous complex formation of Hb with negatively charged biomolecules (heparin, hyaluronic acid, and bovine serum albumin). We systematically study the effect of biomolecule inclusion on cytotoxicity, hydrogel network properties, Hb incorporation efficiency, oxygen carrying capacity, cell viability, and compatibility with 3D-bioassembly processes within melt electrowritten (MEW) scaffolds. All biomolecules were successfully incorporated within GelAGE hydrogels, displaying controllable mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. Results demonstrated efficient and tailorable Hb incorporation within GelAGE-Heparin hydrogels. The developed system was compatible with microfluidics and photopolymerization processes, allowing for the production of GelAGE-Heparin-Hb spheres. Hb-loaded spheres were assembled into MEW polycaprolactone scaffolds, significantly increasing the local oxygen levels. Ultimately, cells within Hb-loaded constructs demonstrated good cell survivability under hypoxia. Taken together, we successfully developed a hydrogel system that retains Hb as a natural oxygen deposit post-photopolymerization, protecting Hb from free-radical oxidation while remaining compatible with biofabrication of large constructs. The developed GelAGE-Heparin-Hb system allows for physoxic oxygen delivery and thus possesses a vast potential for use across broad tissue engineering and biofabrication strategies to help eliminate cell death due to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel E Norberg
- Dept of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ezgi Bakirci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Dept of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Department of Bioengineering, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Dept of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gabriella C J Lindberg
- Dept of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Bioengineering, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
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11
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Roppolo I, Caprioli M, Pirri CF, Magdassi S. 3D Printing of Self-Healing Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305537. [PMID: 37877817 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
This review article presents a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the field of 3D printable structures with self-healing properties. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is a versatile technology that enables the rapid manufacturing of complex geometric structures with precision and functionality not previously attainable. However, the application of 3DP technology is still limited by the availability of materials with customizable properties specifically designed for additive manufacturing. The addition of self-healing properties within 3D printed objects is of high interest as it can improve the performance and lifespan of structural components, and even enable the mimicking of living tissues for biomedical applications, such as organs printing. The review will discuss and analyze the most relevant results reported in recent years in the development of self-healing polymeric materials that can be processed via 3D printing. After introducing the chemical and physical self-healing mechanism that can be exploited, the literature review here reported will focus in particular on printability and repairing performances. At last, actual perspective and possible development field will be critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Roppolo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Futures @Polito, Via Livorno 60, Turin, 10144, Italy
| | - Matteo Caprioli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9090145, Israel
| | - Candido F Pirri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Futures @Polito, Via Livorno 60, Turin, 10144, Italy
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9090145, Israel
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12
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O’Dea C, Isokuortti J, Comer EE, Roberts ST, Page ZA. Triplet Upconversion under Ambient Conditions Enables Digital Light Processing 3D Printing. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:272-282. [PMID: 38435512 PMCID: PMC10906251 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The rapid photochemical conversion of materials from liquid to solid (i.e., curing) has enabled the fabrication of modern plastics used in microelectronics, dentistry, and medicine. However, industrialized photocurables remain restricted to unimolecular bond homolysis reactions (Type I photoinitiations) that are driven by high-energy UV light. This narrow mechanistic scope both challenges the production of high-resolution objects and restricts the materials that can be produced using emergent manufacturing technologies (e.g., 3D printing). Herein we develop a photosystem based on triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) that efficiently drives a Type I photocuring process using green light at low power density (<10 mW/cm2) and in the presence of ambient oxygen. This system also exhibits a superlinear dependence of its cure depth on the light exposure intensity, which enhances spatial resolution. This enables for the first-time integration of TTA-UC in an inexpensive, rapid, and high-resolution manufacturing process, digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. Moreover, relative to traditional Type I and Type II (photoredox) strategies, the present TTA-UC photoinitiation method results in improved cure depth confinement and resin shelf stability. This report provides a user-friendly avenue to utilize TTA-UC in ambient photochemical processes and paves the way toward fabrication of next-generation plastics with improved geometric precision and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor
J. O’Dea
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 ,United States
| | - Jussi Isokuortti
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 ,United States
| | - Emma E. Comer
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 ,United States
| | - Sean T. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 ,United States
| | - Zachariah A. Page
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 ,United States
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13
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Liu G, Wei X, Zhai Y, Zhang J, Li J, Zhao Z, Guan T, Zhao D. 3D printed osteochondral scaffolds: design strategies, present applications and future perspectives. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1339916. [PMID: 38425994 PMCID: PMC10902174 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1339916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Articular osteochondral (OC) defects are a global clinical problem characterized by loss of full-thickness articular cartilage with underlying calcified cartilage through to the subchondral bone. While current surgical treatments can relieve pain, none of them can completely repair all components of the OC unit and restore its original function. With the rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, admirable progress has been made in bone and cartilage reconstruction, providing new strategies for restoring joint function. 3D printing has the advantages of fast speed, high precision, and personalized customization to meet the requirements of irregular geometry, differentiated composition, and multi-layered boundary layer structures of joint OC scaffolds. This review captures the original published researches on the application of 3D printing technology to the repair of entire OC units and provides a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in 3D printed OC scaffolds. We first introduce the gradient structure and biological properties of articular OC tissue. The considerations for the development of 3D printed OC scaffolds are emphatically summarized, including material types, fabrication techniques, structural design and seed cells. Especially from the perspective of material composition and structural design, the classification, characteristics and latest research progress of discrete gradient scaffolds (biphasic, triphasic and multiphasic scaffolds) and continuous gradient scaffolds (gradient material and/or structure, and gradient interface) are summarized. Finally, we also describe the important progress and application prospect of 3D printing technology in OC interface regeneration. 3D printing technology for OC reconstruction should simulate the gradient structure of subchondral bone and cartilage. Therefore, we must not only strengthen the basic research on OC structure, but also continue to explore the role of 3D printing technology in OC tissue engineering. This will enable better structural and functional bionics of OC scaffolds, ultimately improving the repair of OC defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yun Zhai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingrun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Junlei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianmin Guan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China
| | - Deiwei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
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14
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Kumari S, Mondal P, Tyeb S, Chatterjee K. Visible light-based 3D bioprinted composite scaffolds of κ-carrageenan for bone tissue engineering applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1926-1936. [PMID: 38314524 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02179c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing of bone scaffolds using digital light processing (DLP) bioprinting technology empowers the treatment of patients suffering from bone disorders and defects through the fabrication of cell-laden patient-specific scaffolds. Here, we demonstrate the visible-light-induced photo-crosslinking of methacrylate-κ-carrageenan (MA-κ-CA) mixed with bioactive silica nanoparticles (BSNPs) to fabricate 3D composite hydrogels using digital light processing (DLP) printing. The 3D printing of complex bone structures, such as the gyroid, was demonstrated with high precision and resolution. DLP-printed 3D composite hydrogels of MA-κ-CA-BSNP were prepared and systematically assessed for their macroporous structure, swelling, and degradation characteristics. The viscosity, rheological, and mechanical properties were also investigated for the influence of nanoparticle incorporation in the MA-κ-CA hydrogels. The in vitro study performed with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast-laden scaffolds of MA-κ-CA-BSNP revealed high cell viability, no cytotoxicity, and proliferation over 21 days with markedly enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared to neat polymeric scaffolds. Furthermore, no inflammation was observed in the 21-day study involving the in vivo examination of DLP-printed 3D composite scaffolds in a Wistar rat model. Overall, the observed results for the DLP-printed 3D composite scaffolds of MA-κ-CA and BSNP demonstrate their biocompatibility and suitability for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Kumari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Pritiranjan Mondal
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Suhela Tyeb
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India.
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15
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Budharaju H, Sundaramurthi D, Sethuraman S. Embedded 3D bioprinting - An emerging strategy to fabricate biomimetic & large vascularized tissue constructs. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:356-384. [PMID: 37920828 PMCID: PMC10618244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting is an advanced tissue fabrication technique that allows printing complex structures with precise positioning of multiple cell types layer-by-layer. Compared to other bioprinting methods, extrusion bioprinting has several advantages to print large-sized tissue constructs and complex organ models due to large build volume. Extrusion bioprinting using sacrificial, support and embedded strategies have been successfully employed to facilitate printing of complex and hollow structures. Embedded bioprinting is a gel-in-gel approach developed to overcome the gravitational and overhanging limits of bioprinting to print large-sized constructs with a micron-scale resolution. In embedded bioprinting, deposition of bioinks into the microgel or granular support bath will be facilitated by the sol-gel transition of the support bath through needle movement inside the granular medium. This review outlines various embedded bioprinting strategies and the polymers used in the embedded systems with advantages, limitations, and efficacy in the fabrication of complex vascularized tissues or organ models with micron-scale resolution. Further, the essential requirements of support bath systems like viscoelasticity, stability, transparency and easy extraction to print human scale organs are discussed. Additionally, the organs or complex geometries like vascular constructs, heart, bone, octopus and jellyfish models printed using support bath assisted printing methods with their anatomical features are elaborated. Finally, the challenges in clinical translation and the future scope of these embedded bioprinting models to replace the native organs are envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Center, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Center, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Center, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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16
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Dominguez-Alfaro A, Mitoudi-Vagourdi E, Dimov I, Picchio ML, Lopez-Larrea N, de Lacalle JL, Tao X, Serrano RRM, Gallastegui A, Vassardanis N, Mecerreyes D, Malliaras GG. Light-Based 3D Multi-Material Printing of Micro-Structured Bio-Shaped, Conducting and Dry Adhesive Electrodes for Bioelectronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2306424. [PMID: 38251224 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a new method of multi-material printing in one-go using a commercially available 3D printer is presented. The approach is simple and versatile, allowing the manufacturing of multi-material layered or multi-material printing in the same layer. To the best of the knowledge, it is the first time that 3D printed Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) micro-patterns combining different materials are reported, overcoming mechanical stability issues. Moreover, the conducting ink is engineered to obtain stable in-time materials while retaining sub-100 µm resolution. Micro-structured bio-shaped protuberances are designed and 3D printed as electrodes for electrophysiology. Moreover, these microstructures are combined with polymerizable deep eutectic solvents (polyDES) as functional additives, gaining adhesion and ionic conductivity. As a result of the novel electrodes, low skin impedance values showed suitable performance for electromyography recording on the forearm. Finally, this concluded that the use of polyDES conferred stability over time, allowing the usability of the electrode 90 days after fabrication without losing its performance. All in all, this demonstrated a very easy-to-make procedure that allows printing PEDOT:PSS on soft, hard, and/or flexible functional substrates, opening up a new paradigm in the manufacturing of conducting multi-functional materials for the field of bioelectronics and wearables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, 20018, Spain
| | - Eleni Mitoudi-Vagourdi
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Ivan Dimov
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Matias L Picchio
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, 20018, Spain
| | - Naroa Lopez-Larrea
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, 20018, Spain
| | - Jon Lopez de Lacalle
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, 20018, Spain
| | - Xudong Tao
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Ruben Ruiz-Mateos Serrano
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Antonela Gallastegui
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, 20018, Spain
| | | | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
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17
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Lopez-Larrea N, Gallastegui A, Lezama L, Criado-Gonzalez M, Casado N, Mecerreyes D. Fast Visible-Light 3D Printing of Conductive PEDOT:PSS Hydrogels. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300229. [PMID: 37357826 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Functional inks for light-based 3D printing are actively being searched for being able to exploit all the potentialities of additive manufacturing. Herein, a fast visible-light photopolymerization process is showed of conductive PEDOT:PSS hydrogels. For this purpose, a new Type II photoinitiator system (PIS) based on riboflavin (Rf), triethanolamine (TEA), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is investigated for the visible light photopolymerization of acrylic monomers. PEDOT:PSS has a dual role by accelerating the photoinitiation process and providing conductivity to the obtained hydrogels. Using this PIS, full monomer conversion is achieved in less than 2 min using visible light. First, the PIS mechanism is studied, proposing that electron transfer between the triplet excited state of the dye (3 Rf*) and the amine (TEA) is catalyzed by PEDOT:PSS. Second, a series of poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)/PEDOT:PSS hydrogels with different compositions are obtained by photopolymerization. The presence of PEDOT:PSS negatively influences the swelling properties of hydrogels, but significantly increases its mechanical modulus and electrical properties. The new PIS is also tested for 3D printing in a commercially available Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printer (405 nm wavelength), obtaining high resolution and 500 µm hole size conductive scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naroa Lopez-Larrea
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian, Guipuzcoa, 20018, Spain
| | - Antonela Gallastegui
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian, Guipuzcoa, 20018, Spain
| | - Luis Lezama
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, Bizkaia, 48940, Spain
| | - Miryam Criado-Gonzalez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian, Guipuzcoa, 20018, Spain
| | - Nerea Casado
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian, Guipuzcoa, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian, Guipuzcoa, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
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18
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Kuang X, Rong Q, Belal S, Vu T, López AML, Wang N, Arıcan MO, Garciamendez-Mijares CE, Chen M, Yao J, Zhang YS. Self-enhancing sono-inks enable deep-penetration acoustic volumetric printing. Science 2023; 382:1148-1155. [PMID: 38060634 PMCID: PMC11034850 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Volumetric printing, an emerging additive manufacturing technique, builds objects with enhanced printing speed and surface quality by forgoing the stepwise ink-renewal step. Existing volumetric printing techniques almost exclusively rely on light energy to trigger photopolymerization in transparent inks, limiting material choices and build sizes. We report a self-enhancing sonicated ink (or sono-ink) design and corresponding focused-ultrasound writing technique for deep-penetration acoustic volumetric printing (DAVP). We used experiments and acoustic modeling to study the frequency and scanning rate-dependent acoustic printing behaviors. DAVP achieves the key features of low acoustic streaming, rapid sonothermal polymerization, and large printing depth, enabling the printing of volumetric hydrogels and nanocomposites with various shapes regardless of their optical properties. DAVP also allows printing at centimeter depths through biological tissues, paving the way toward minimally invasive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Kuang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Qiangzhou Rong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Saud Belal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Tri Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Alice M. López López
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nanchao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Mehmet Onur Arıcan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-Mijares
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Maomao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Junjie Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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19
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Song D, Husari A, Kotz-Helmer F, Tomakidi P, Rapp BE, Rühe J. Two-Photon Direct Laser Writing of 3D Scaffolds through C, H-Insertion Crosslinking in a One-Component Material System. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2306682. [PMID: 38059850 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The popularity of two-photon direct laser writing in biological research is remarkable as this technique is capable of 3D fabrication of microstructures with unprecedented control, flexibility and precision. Nevertheless, potential impurities such as residual monomers and photoinitiators remaining unnoticed from the photopolymerization in the structures pose strong challenges for biological applications. Here, the first use of high-precision 3D microstructures fabricated from a one-component material system (without monomers and photoinitiators) as a 3D cell culture platform is demonstrated. The material system consists of prepolymers with built- in crosslinker motieties, requiring only aliphatic C, H units as reaction partners following two-photon excitation. The material is written by direct laser writing using two-photon processes in a solvent-free state, which enables the generation of structures at a rapid scan speed of up to 500 mm s-1 with feature sizes scaling down to few micrometers. The generated structures possess stiffnesses close to those of common tissue and demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and cellular adhesion without any additional modification. The demonstrated approach holds great promise for fabricating high-precision complex 3D cell culture scaffolds that are safe in biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Song
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center of Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces (CPI), Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ayman Husari
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frederik Kotz-Helmer
- Laboratory of Process Technology (NeptunLab), Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bastian E Rapp
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center of Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Process Technology (NeptunLab), Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rühe
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center of Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces (CPI), Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Dibazar ZE, Zarei M, Mohammadikhah M, Oudah SK, Elyasi M, Kokabi H, Shahgolzari M, Asl LD, Azizy M. Crosslinking strategies for biomimetic hydrogels in bone tissue engineering. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:2027-2040. [PMID: 38192345 PMCID: PMC10771399 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has become a popular area of study for making biomimetic hydrogels to treat bone diseases. In this work, we looked at biocompatible hydrogels that can be injected into bone defects that require the smallest possible surgery. Mineral ions can be attached to polymer chains to make useful hydrogels that help bones heal faster. These ions are very important for the balance of the body. In the chemically-triggered sector, advanced hydrogels cross-linked by different molecular agents have many advantages, such as being selective, able to form gels, and having mechanical properties that can be modified. In addition, different photo-initiators can be used to make photo cross linkable hydrogels react quickly and moderately under certain light bands. Enzyme-triggered hydrogels are another type of hydrogel that can be used to repair bone tissue because they are biocompatible and gel quickly. We also look at some of the important factors mentioned above that could change how well bone tissue engineering works as a therapy. Finally, this review summarizes the problems that still need to be solved to make clinically relevant hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ebrahimvand Dibazar
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165687386 Iran
| | - Mahdi Zarei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz university of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Mohammadikhah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shamam Kareem Oudah
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Milad Elyasi
- Otolaryngology department, Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Kokabi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 65175-4171 Iran
| | - Mehdi Shahgolzari
- Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 65175-4171 Iran
| | - Leila Delnabi Asl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Azizy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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21
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Jing S, Lian L, Hou Y, Li Z, Zheng Z, Li G, Tang G, Xie G, Xie M. Advances in volumetric bioprinting. Biofabrication 2023; 16:012004. [PMID: 37922535 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad0978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies are suitable for biomedical applications owing to their ability to manufacture complex and high-precision tissue constructs. However, the slow printing speed of current layer-by-layer (bio)printing modality is the major limitation in biofabrication field. To overcome this issue, volumetric bioprinting (VBP) is developed. VBP changes the layer-wise operation of conventional devices, permitting the creation of geometrically complex, centimeter-scale constructs in tens of seconds. VBP is the next step onward from sequential biofabrication methods, opening new avenues for fast additive manufacturing in the fields of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, personalized drug testing, and soft robotics, etc. Therefore, this review introduces the printing principles and hardware designs of VBP-based techniques; then focuses on the recent advances in VBP-based (bio)inks and their biomedical applications. Lastly, the current limitations of VBP are discussed together with future direction of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibo Jing
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Lian
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Yingying Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zheng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxi Xie
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Maobin Xie
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
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22
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Yeo M, Sarkar A, Singh YP, Derman ID, Datta P, Ozbolat IT. Synergistic coupling between 3D bioprinting and vascularization strategies. Biofabrication 2023; 16:012003. [PMID: 37944186 PMCID: PMC10658349 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad0b3f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers promising solutions to the complex challenge of vascularization in biofabrication, thereby enhancing the prospects for clinical translation of engineered tissues and organs. While existing reviews have touched upon 3D bioprinting in vascularized tissue contexts, the current review offers a more holistic perspective, encompassing recent technical advancements and spanning the entire multistage bioprinting process, with a particular emphasis on vascularization. The synergy between 3D bioprinting and vascularization strategies is crucial, as 3D bioprinting can enable the creation of personalized, tissue-specific vascular network while the vascularization enhances tissue viability and function. The review starts by providing a comprehensive overview of the entire bioprinting process, spanning from pre-bioprinting stages to post-printing processing, including perfusion and maturation. Next, recent advancements in vascularization strategies that can be seamlessly integrated with bioprinting are discussed. Further, tissue-specific examples illustrating how these vascularization approaches are customized for diverse anatomical tissues towards enhancing clinical relevance are discussed. Finally, the underexplored intraoperative bioprinting (IOB) was highlighted, which enables the direct reconstruction of tissues within defect sites, stressing on the possible synergy shaped by combining IOB with vascularization strategies for improved regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miji Yeo
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Anwita Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Yogendra Pratap Singh
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Irem Deniz Derman
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Pallab Datta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States of America
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, United States of America
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Adana 01130, Turkey
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23
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Patrocinio D, Galván-Chacón V, Gómez-Blanco JC, Miguel SP, Loureiro J, Ribeiro MP, Coutinho P, Pagador JB, Sanchez-Margallo FM. Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering: Crosslinking, Printing Techniques, and Applications. Gels 2023; 9:890. [PMID: 37998980 PMCID: PMC10670821 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, tissue engineering has been dedicated to the development of 3D structures through bioprinting techniques that aim to obtain personalized, dynamic, and complex hydrogel 3D structures. Among the different materials used for the fabrication of such structures, proteins and polysaccharides are the main biological compounds (biopolymers) selected for the bioink formulation. These biomaterials obtained from natural sources are commonly compatible with tissues and cells (biocompatibility), friendly with biological digestion processes (biodegradability), and provide specific macromolecular structural and mechanical properties (biomimicry). However, the rheological behaviors of these natural-based bioinks constitute the main challenge of the cell-laden printing process (bioprinting). For this reason, bioprinting usually requires chemical modifications and/or inter-macromolecular crosslinking. In this sense, a comprehensive analysis describing these biopolymers (natural proteins and polysaccharides)-based bioinks, their modifications, and their stimuli-responsive nature is performed. This manuscript is organized into three sections: (1) tissue engineering application, (2) crosslinking, and (3) bioprinting techniques, analyzing the current challenges and strengths of biopolymers in bioprinting. In conclusion, all hydrogels try to resemble extracellular matrix properties for bioprinted structures while maintaining good printability and stability during the printing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Patrocinio
- CCMIJU, Bioengineering and Health Technologies, Jesus Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.); (V.G.-C.); (J.B.P.)
| | - Victor Galván-Chacón
- CCMIJU, Bioengineering and Health Technologies, Jesus Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.); (V.G.-C.); (J.B.P.)
| | - J. Carlos Gómez-Blanco
- CCMIJU, Bioengineering and Health Technologies, Jesus Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.); (V.G.-C.); (J.B.P.)
| | - Sonia P. Miguel
- CPIRN-IPG, Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal (M.P.R.)
- CICS-UBI, Health Science Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Jorge Loureiro
- CPIRN-IPG, Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal (M.P.R.)
| | - Maximiano P. Ribeiro
- CPIRN-IPG, Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal (M.P.R.)
- CICS-UBI, Health Science Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Paula Coutinho
- CPIRN-IPG, Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal (M.P.R.)
- CICS-UBI, Health Science Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - J. Blas Pagador
- CCMIJU, Bioengineering and Health Technologies, Jesus Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.); (V.G.-C.); (J.B.P.)
- CIBER CV, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red—Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco M. Sanchez-Margallo
- CIBER CV, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red—Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Scientific Direction, Jesus Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
- TERAV/ISCIII, Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RICORS, RD21/0017/0029), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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24
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Zhang MD, Huang X, Li Z, Song W, Kong Y, Zhang C, Liang LT, Huang YY, Tan YX, Feng Y, Liu QH, Zhao YX, Fu XB, Huang S. White-light-induced synthesis of injectable alginate-based composite hydrogels for rapid hemostasis. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:47. [PMID: 37848971 PMCID: PMC10580567 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-De Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Zhao Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Wei Song
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yi Kong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Li-Ting Liang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yu-Yan Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Ya-Xin Tan
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yu Feng
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Qing-Hua Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yu-Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Xiao-Bing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Sha Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853 China
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25
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Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Hou D. Recent Progress of the Vat Photopolymerization Technique in Tissue Engineering: A Brief Review of Mechanisms, Methods, Materials, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3940. [PMID: 37835989 PMCID: PMC10574968 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vat photopolymerization (VP), including stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and volumetric printing, employs UV or visible light to solidify cell-laden photoactive bioresin contained within a vat in a point-by-point, layer-by-layer, or volumetric manner. VP-based bioprinting has garnered substantial attention in both academia and industry due to its unprecedented control over printing resolution and accuracy, as well as its rapid printing speed. It holds tremendous potential for the fabrication of tissue- and organ-like structures in the field of regenerative medicine. This review summarizes the recent progress of VP in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. First, it introduces the mechanism of photopolymerization, followed by an explanation of the printing technique and commonly used biomaterials. Furthermore, the application of VP-based bioprinting in tissue engineering was discussed. Finally, the challenges facing VP-based bioprinting are discussed, and the future trends in VP-based bioprinting are projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- FuYang Sineva Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Dan Hou
- Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 102206, China
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26
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Kim SD, Kim K, Shin M. Recent advances in 3D printable conductive hydrogel inks for neural engineering. NANO CONVERGENCE 2023; 10:41. [PMID: 37679589 PMCID: PMC10484881 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the 3D printing of conductive hydrogels has undergone remarkable advances in the fabrication of complex and functional structures. In the field of neural engineering, an increasing number of reports have been published on tissue engineering and bioelectronic approaches over the last few years. The convergence of 3D printing methods and electrically conducting hydrogels may create new clinical and therapeutic possibilities for precision regenerative medicine and implants. In this review, we summarize (i) advancements in preparation strategies for conductive materials, (ii) various printing techniques enabling the fabrication of electroconductive hydrogels, (iii) the required physicochemical properties of the printed constructs, (iv) their applications in bioelectronics and tissue regeneration for neural engineering, and (v) unconventional approaches and outlooks for the 3D printing of conductive hydrogels. This review provides technical insights into 3D printable conductive hydrogels and encompasses recent developments, specifically over the last few years of research in the neural engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Dong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungryong Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Gugulothu S, Asthana S, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Chatterjee K. Trends in Photopolymerizable Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting of Tumor Models. JACS AU 2023; 3:2086-2106. [PMID: 37654587 PMCID: PMC10466332 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies involving photopolymerizable bioinks (PBs) have attracted enormous attention in recent times owing to their ability to recreate complex structures with high resolution, mechanical stability, and favorable printing conditions that are suited for encapsulating cells. 3D bioprinted tissue constructs involving PBs can offer better insights into the tumor microenvironment and offer platforms for drug screening to advance cancer research. These bioinks enable the incorporation of physiologically relevant cell densities, tissue-mimetic stiffness, and vascularized channels and biochemical gradients in the 3D tumor models, unlike conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures or other 3D scaffold fabrication technologies. In this perspective, we present the emerging techniques of 3D bioprinting using PBs in the context of cancer research, with a specific focus on the efforts to recapitulate the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. We describe printing approaches and various PB formulations compatible with these techniques along with recent attempts to bioprint 3D tumor models for studying migration and metastasis, cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and drug screening relevant to cancer. We discuss the limitations and identify unexplored opportunities in this field for clinical and commercial translation of these emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram
Bharath Gugulothu
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Sonal Asthana
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
- Department
of Hepatobiliary and Multi-Organ Transplantation Surgery, Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Shervanthi Homer-Vanniasinkam
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Surgery, University College, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
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28
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Lu ZG, Chen W, Lee Phillips D, Li MD. Controllable Photocleavage of Blebbistatin Derivatives as Photoremovable Protecting Groups. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7507-7512. [PMID: 37581610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Blebbistatin was demonstrated as a promising two-photon near-infrared activated photoremovable protecting group of hydroxyl radicals with various potential applications. However, the photocleavage mechanism of the blebbistatin derivatives remains ambiguous. Herein, blebbistatin derivatives with various electronic characteristic leaving groups were synthesized and studied, and the photocleavage mechanism(s) and the tunable effect of the leaving groups were unveiled by combining photoproduct analysis, reactive oxygen radical species detection, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculation. More substantial electron-withdrawing leaving groups facilitate heterolysis of the C-O bond, which results in a cationic intermediate and a corresponding remnant. Weaker electron-withdrawing groups lead to a higher proportion of homolysis of the C-O bond, accompanied by the generation of the reactive oxygen radical species. With this structure-property relationship, the protected groups of the molecules of interest can be rationally chosen to satisfy the different requirements needed for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Gang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-De Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, China
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29
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Rizzo R, Petelinšek N, Bonato A, Zenobi‐Wong M. From Free-Radical to Radical-Free: A Paradigm Shift in Light-Mediated Biofabrication. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205302. [PMID: 36698304 PMCID: PMC10015869 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of novel photocrosslinking strategies and photoactivatable materials has stimulated widespread use of light-mediated biofabrication techniques. However, despite great progress toward more efficient and biocompatible photochemical strategies, current photoresins still rely on photoinitiators (PIs) producing radical-initiating species to trigger the so-called free-radical crosslinking/polymerization. In the context of bioprinting, where cells are encapsulated in the bioink, the presence of radicals raises concerns of potential cytotoxicity. In this work, a universal, radical-free (RF) photocrosslinking strategy to be used for light-based technologies is presented. Leveraging RF uncaging mechanisms and Michael addition, cell-laden constructs are photocrosslinked by means of one- and two-photon excitation with high biocompatibility. A hydrophilic coumarin-based group is used to cage a universal RF photocrosslinker based on 4-arm-PEG-thiol (PEG4SH). Upon light exposure, thiols are uncaged and react with an alkene counterpart to form a hydrogel. RF photocrosslinker is shown to be highly stable, enabling potential for off-the-shelf products. While PI-based systems cause a strong upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-associated genes, ROS are not detected in RF photoresins. Finally, optimized RF photoresin is successfully exploited for high resolution two-photon stereolithography (2P-SL) using remarkably low polymer concentration (<1.5%), paving the way for a shift toward radical-free light-based bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rizzo
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication LaboratoryDepartment of Health Sciences & TechnologyETH ZürichOtto‐Stern‐Weg 7Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Nika Petelinšek
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication LaboratoryDepartment of Health Sciences & TechnologyETH ZürichOtto‐Stern‐Weg 7Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Angela Bonato
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication LaboratoryDepartment of Health Sciences & TechnologyETH ZürichOtto‐Stern‐Weg 7Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi‐Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication LaboratoryDepartment of Health Sciences & TechnologyETH ZürichOtto‐Stern‐Weg 7Zürich8093Switzerland
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30
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Li W, Wang M, Ma H, Chapa-Villarreal FA, Lobo AO, Zhang YS. Stereolithography apparatus and digital light processing-based 3D bioprinting for tissue fabrication. iScience 2023; 26:106039. [PMID: 36761021 PMCID: PMC9906021 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a class of promising techniques in biomedical research for a wide range of related applications. Specifically, stereolithography apparatus (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP)-based vat-polymerization techniques are highly effective methods of bioprinting, which can be used to produce high-resolution and architecturally sophisticated structures. Our review aims to provide an overview of SLA- and DLP-based 3D bioprinting strategies, starting from factors that affect these bioprinting processes. In addition, we summarize the advances in bioinks used in SLA and DLP, including naturally derived and synthetic bioinks. Finally, the biomedical applications of both SLA- and DLP-based bioprinting are discussed, primarily centered on regenerative medicine and tissue modeling engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Li
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mian Wang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Huiling Ma
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Fabiola A. Chapa-Villarreal
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials (LIMAV), Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program (PPGCM), Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil,Corresponding author
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Corresponding author
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31
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Salas A, Zanatta M, Sans V, Roppolo I. Chemistry in light-induced 3D printing. CHEMTEXTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40828-022-00176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the last few years, 3D printing has evolved from its original niche applications, such as rapid prototyping and hobbyists, towards many applications in industry, research and everyday life. This involved an evolution in terms of equipment, software and, most of all, in materials. Among the different available 3D printing technologies, the light activated ones need particular attention from a chemical point of view, since those are based on photocurable formulations and in situ rapid solidification via photopolymerization. In this article, the chemical aspects beyond the preparation of a formulation for light-induced 3D printing are analyzed and explained, aiming at giving more tools for the development of new photocurable materials that can be used for the fabrication of innovative 3D printable devices.
Graphical abstract
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32
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Chae S, Cho DW. Biomaterial-based 3D bioprinting strategy for orthopedic tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2023; 156:4-20. [PMID: 35963520 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has enabled impressive progress in the development of 3D cellular constructs to mimic the structural and functional characteristics of natural tissues. Bioprinting has considerable translational potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This review highlights the rational design and biofabrication strategies of diverse 3D bioprinted tissue constructs for orthopedic tissue engineering applications. First, we elucidate the fundamentals of 3D bioprinting techniques and biomaterial inks and discuss the basic design principles of bioprinted tissue constructs. Next, we describe the rationale and key considerations in 3D bioprinting of tissues in many different aspects. Thereafter, we outline the recent advances in 3D bioprinting technology for orthopedic tissue engineering applications, along with detailed strategies of the engineering methods and materials used, and discuss the possibilities and limitations of different 3D bioprinted tissue products. Finally, we summarize the current challenges and future directions of 3D bioprinting technology in orthopedic tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This review not only delineates the representative 3D bioprinting strategies and their tissue engineering applications, but also provides new insights for the clinical translation of 3D bioprinted tissues to aid in prompting the future development of orthopedic implants. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: 3D bioprinting has driven major innovations in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; aiming to develop a functional viable tissue construct that provides an alternative regenerative therapy for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. 3D bioprinting-based biofabrication strategies could open new clinical possibilities for creating equivalent tissue substitutes with the ability to customize them to meet patient demands. In this review, we summarize the significance and recent advances in 3D bioprinting technology and advanced bioinks. We highlight the rationale for biofabrication strategies using 3D bioprinting for orthopedic tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, we offer ample perspective and new insights into the current challenges and future direction of orthopedic bioprinting translation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhun Chae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Pohang 37673, South Korea; EDmicBio Inc., 111 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02445, South Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Pohang 37673, South Korea; Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
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de Silva L, Bernal PN, Rosenberg A, Malda J, Levato R, Gawlitta D. Biofabricating the vascular tree in engineered bone tissue. Acta Biomater 2023; 156:250-268. [PMID: 36041651 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of tissue engineering strategies for treatment of large bone defects has become increasingly relevant, given the growing demand for bone substitutes. Native bone is composed of a dense vascular network necessary for the regulation of bone development, regeneration and homeostasis. A major obstacle in fabricating living, clinically relevant-sized bone mimics (1-10 cm3) is the limited supply of nutrients, including oxygen to the core of the construct. Therefore, strategies to support vascularization are pivotal for the development of tissue engineered bone constructs. Creating a functional bone construct integrated with a vascular network, capable of delivering the necessary nutrients for optimal tissue development is imperative for translation into the clinics. The vascular system is composed of a complex network that runs throughout the body in a tree-like hierarchical branching fashion. A significant challenge for tissue engineering approaches lies in mimicking the intricate, multi-scale structures consisting of larger vessels (macro-vessels) which interconnect with multiple sprouting vessels (microvessels) in a closed network. The advent of biofabrication has enabled complex, out of plane channels to be generated and has laid the groundwork for the creation of multi-scale vasculature in recent years. This review highlights the key state-of-the-art achievements for the development of vascular networks of varying scales in the field of biofabrication with a particular focus for its application in developing a functional tissue engineered bone construct. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is a growing need for bone substitutes to overcome the limited supply of patient-derived bone. Bone tissue engineering aims to overcome this by combining stem cells with scaffolds to restore missing bone. The current bottleneck in upscaling is the lack of an integrated vascular network, required for the delivery of nutrients to cells. 3D bioprinting techniques has enabled the creation of complex hollow structures of varying dimensions that resemble native blood vessels. The convergence of multiple materials, cell types and fabrication approaches, opens the possibility of developing clinically-relevant sized vascularized bone constructs. This review provides an up-to-date insight of the technologies currently available for the generation of complex vascular networks, with a focus on their application in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne de Silva
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands.
| | - Paulina N Bernal
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Ajw Rosenberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands
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Galarraga JH, Dhand AP, Enzmann BP, Burdick JA. Synthesis, Characterization, and Digital Light Processing of a Hydrolytically Degradable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:413-425. [PMID: 36516973 PMCID: PMC10928645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Numerous chemical modifications of hyaluronic acid (HA) have been explored for the formation of degradable hydrogels that are suitable for a variety of biomedical applications, including biofabrication and drug delivery. Thiol-ene step-growth chemistry is of particular interest due to its lower oxygen sensitivity and ability to precisely tune mechanical properties. Here, we utilize an aqueous esterification route via reaction with carbic anhydride to synthesize norbornene-modified HA (NorHACA) that is amenable to thiol-ene crosslinking to form hydrolytically unstable networks. NorHACA is first synthesized with varying degrees of modification (∼15-100%) by adjusting the ratio of reactive carbic anhydride to HA. Thereafter, NorHACA is reacted with dithiol crosslinker in the presence of visible light and photoinitiator to form hydrogels within tens of seconds. Unlike conventional NorHA, NorHACA hydrogels are highly susceptible to hydrolytic degradation through enhanced ester hydrolysis. Both the mechanical properties and the degradation timescales of NorHACA hydrogels are tuned via macromer concentration and/or the degree of modification. Moreover, the degradation behavior of NorHACA hydrogels is validated through a statistical-co-kinetic model of ester hydrolysis. The rapid degradation of NorHACA hydrogels can be adjusted by incorporating small amounts of slowly degrading NorHA macromer into the network. Further, NorHACA hydrogels are implemented as digital light processing (DLP) resins to fabricate hydrolytically degradable scaffolds with complex, macroporous structures that can incorporate cell-adhesive sites for cell attachment and proliferation after fabrication. Additionally, DLP bioprinting of NorHACA hydrogels to form cell-laden constructs with high viability is demonstrated, making them useful for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H. Galarraga
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Abhishek P. Dhand
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bruce P. Enzmann
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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Liu S, Cheng L, Liu Y, Zhang H, Song Y, Park JH, Dashnyam K, Lee JH, Khalak FAH, Riester O, Shi Z, Ostrovidov S, Kaji H, Deigner HP, Pedraz JL, Knowles JC, Hu Q, Kim HW, Ramalingam M. 3D Bioprinting tissue analogs: Current development and translational implications. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231187113. [PMID: 37464999 PMCID: PMC10350769 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231187113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising and rapidly evolving technology in the field of additive manufacturing. It enables the fabrication of living cellular constructs with complex architectures that are suitable for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, disease modeling, drug screening, and precision regenerative medicine. The ultimate goal of bioprinting is to produce stable, anatomically-shaped, human-scale functional organs or tissue substitutes that can be implanted. Although various bioprinting techniques have emerged to develop customized tissue-engineering substitutes over the past decade, several challenges remain in fabricating volumetric tissue constructs with complex shapes and sizes and translating the printed products into clinical practice. Thus, it is crucial to develop a successful strategy for translating research outputs into clinical practice to address the current organ and tissue crises and improve patients' quality of life. This review article discusses the challenges of the existing bioprinting processes in preparing clinically relevant tissue substitutes. It further reviews various strategies and technical feasibility to overcome the challenges that limit the fabrication of volumetric biological constructs and their translational implications. Additionally, the article highlights exciting technological advances in the 3D bioprinting of anatomically shaped tissue substitutes and suggests future research and development directions. This review aims to provide readers with insight into the state-of-the-art 3D bioprinting techniques as powerful tools in engineering functional tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suihong Liu
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Engineering Training Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijia Cheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yakui Liu
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Haiguang Zhang
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Engineering Training Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongteng Song
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jeong-Hui Park
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Khandmaa Dashnyam
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Fouad Al-Hakim Khalak
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Riester
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Zheng Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Serge Ostrovidov
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Systems Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Systems Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK
| | - Qingxi Hu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Engineering Training Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Murugan Ramalingam
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Joint Research Laboratory on Advanced Pharma Development Initiative, A Joined Venture of TECNALIA and School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/ EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioprinting Laboratory, Centro de investigación Lascaray Ikergunea, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Mousavi A, Provaggi E, Kalaskar DM, Savoji H. 3D printing families: laser, powder, and nozzle-based techniques. 3D Print Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89831-7.00009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Zhang M, Zhang C, Li Z, Fu X, Huang S. Advances in 3D skin bioprinting for wound healing and disease modeling. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac105. [PMID: 36683757 PMCID: PMC9845530 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with many advances in design strategies over the past three decades, an enormous gap remains between existing tissue engineering skin and natural skin. Currently available in vitro skin models still cannot replicate the three-dimensionality and heterogeneity of the dermal microenvironment sufficiently to recapitulate many of the known characteristics of skin disorder or disease in vivo. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting enables precise control over multiple compositions, spatial distributions and architectural complexity, therefore offering hope for filling the gap of structure and function between natural and artificial skin. Our understanding of wound healing process and skin disease would thus be boosted by the development of in vitro models that could more completely capture the heterogeneous features of skin biology. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in 3D skin bioprinting, as well as design concepts of cells and bioinks suitable for the bioprinting process. We focus on the applications of this technology for engineering physiological or pathological skin model, focusing more specifically on the function of skin appendages and vasculature. We conclude with current challenges and the technical perspective for further development of 3D skin bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, China,School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Wei Jing Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86-10-66867384, E-mail:
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Liu H, Chansoria P, Delrot P, Angelidakis E, Rizzo R, Rütsche D, Applegate LA, Loterie D, Zenobi-Wong M. Filamented Light (FLight) Biofabrication of Highly Aligned Tissue-Engineered Constructs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204301. [PMID: 36095325 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell-laden hydrogels used in tissue engineering generally lack sufficient 3D topographical guidance for cells to mature into aligned tissues. A new strategy called filamented light (FLight) biofabrication rapidly creates hydrogels composed of unidirectional microfilament networks, with diameters on the length scale of single cells. Due to optical modulation instability, a light beam is divided optically into FLight beams. Local polymerization of a photoactive resin is triggered, leading to local increase in refractive index, which itself creates self-focusing waveguides and further polymerization of photoresin into long hydrogel microfilaments. Diameter and spacing of the microfilaments can be tuned from 2 to 30 µm by changing the coherence length of the light beam. Microfilaments show outstanding cell instructive properties with fibroblasts, tenocytes, endothelial cells, and myoblasts, influencing cell alignment, nuclear deformation, and extracellular matrix deposition. FLight is compatible with multiple types of photoresins and allows for biofabrication of centimeter-scale hydrogel constructs with excellent cell viability within seconds (<10 s per construct). Multidirectional microfilaments are achievable within a single hydrogel construct by changing the direction of FLight projection, and complex multimaterial/multicellular tissue-engineered constructs are possible by sequentially exchanging the cell-laden photoresin. FLight offers a transformational approach to developing anisotropic tissues using photo-crosslinkable biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Parth Chansoria
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Paul Delrot
- Readily3D SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Emmanouil Angelidakis
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Rütsche
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive & Hand Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Damien Loterie
- Readily3D SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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Xie X, Wu S, Mou S, Guo N, Wang Z, Sun J. Microtissue-Based Bioink as a Chondrocyte Microshelter for DLP Bioprinting. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201877. [PMID: 36085440 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting specific tissues with robust viability is a great challenge, requiring a delicate balance between a densely cellular distribution and hydrogel network crosslinking density. Microtissues composed of tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells and extra cellular matrix (ECM) particles provide an alternative scheme for realizing biomimetic cell density and microenvironment. Nevertheless, due to their instability during manufacturing, scarce efforts have been made to date to assemble them using rapid prototyping methods. Here, a novel microtissue bioink with good printability and cellular viability maintenance for digital light processing (DLP) bioprinting is introduced. Generally, the microtissue bioink is prepared by crosslinking acellular matrix microparticles and GelMA hydrogel with a specific proportion. The microtissue bioink exhibits the desired mechanical properties, swelling ratio, and has almost no influences on printability. For instance, a DLP bioprinted ear with a precise auricle structure using microtia chondrocytes microtissue boink is created. Additionally, the chondrocytes in the printed ears show obvious advantages in cell proliferation in vitro and auricular cartilage regeneration in vivo. The microtissue composite bioink for DLP printing not only enables accurate assembly of organ building blocks but also provides a 3D shelter to ensure printed cells' viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfang Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shan Mou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Nengqiang Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Yazdi MK, Sajadi SM, Seidi F, Rabiee N, Fatahi Y, Rabiee M, Dominic C.D. M, Zarrintaj P, Formela K, Saeb MR, Bencherif SA. Clickable Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review. Prog Polym Sci 2022; 133:101590. [PMID: 37779922 PMCID: PMC10540641 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in materials science and engineering highlight the importance of designing sophisticated biomaterials with well-defined architectures and tunable properties for emerging biomedical applications. Click chemistry, a powerful method allowing specific and controllable bioorthogonal reactions, has revolutionized our ability to make complex molecular structures with a high level of specificity, selectivity, and yield under mild conditions. These features combined with minimal byproduct formation have enabled the design of a wide range of macromolecular architectures from quick and versatile click reactions. Furthermore, copper-free click chemistry has resulted in a change of paradigm, allowing researchers to perform highly selective chemical reactions in biological environments to further understand the structure and function of cells. In living systems, introducing clickable groups into biomolecules such as polysaccharides (PSA) has been explored as a general approach to conduct medicinal chemistry and potentially help solve healthcare needs. De novo biosynthetic pathways for chemical synthesis have also been exploited and optimized to perform PSA-based bioconjugation inside living cells without interfering with their native processes or functions. This strategy obviates the need for laborious and costly chemical reactions which normally require extensive and time-consuming purification steps. Using these approaches, various PSA-based macromolecules have been manufactured as building blocks for the design of novel biomaterials. Clickable PSA provides a powerful and versatile toolbox for biomaterials scientists and will increasingly play a crucial role in the biomedical field. Specifically, bioclick reactions with PSA have been leveraged for the design of advanced drug delivery systems and minimally invasive injectable hydrogels. In this review article, we have outlined the key aspects and breadth of PSA-derived bioclick reactions as a powerful and versatile toolbox to design advanced polymeric biomaterials for biomedical applications such as molecular imaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Additionally, we have also discussed the past achievements, present developments, and recent trends of clickable PSA-based biomaterials such as 3D printing, as well as their challenges, clinical translatability, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China
| | - S. Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 625, Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Phytochemistry, SRC, Soran University, 624, KRG, Iraq
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Midhun Dominic C.D.
- Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala Pin-682013, India
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Krzysztof Formela
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Sorbonne University, UTC CNRS UMR 7338, Biomechanics and Bioengineering (BMBI), University of Technology of Compiègne, Compiègne, France
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41
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Miksch CE, Skillin NP, Kirkpatrick BE, Hach GK, Rao VV, White TJ, Anseth KS. 4D Printing of Extrudable and Degradable Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Microgel Scaffolds for Multidimensional Cell Culture. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200951. [PMID: 35732614 PMCID: PMC9463109 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Granular synthetic hydrogels are useful bioinks for their compatibility with a variety of chemistries, affording printable, stimuli-responsive scaffolds with programmable structure and function. Additive manufacturing of microscale hydrogels, or microgels, allows for the fabrication of large cellularized constructs with percolating interstitial space, providing a platform for tissue engineering at length scales that are inaccessible by bulk encapsulation where transport of media and other biological factors are limited by scaffold density. Herein, synthetic microgels with varying degrees of degradability are prepared with diameters on the order of hundreds of microns by submerged electrospray and UV photopolymerization. Porous microgel scaffolds are assembled by particle jamming and extrusion printing, and semi-orthogonal chemical cues are utilized to tune the void fraction in printed scaffolds in a logic-gated manner. Scaffolds with different void fractions are easily cellularized post printing and microgels can be directly annealed into cell-laden structures. Finally, high-throughput direct encapsulation of cells within printable microgels is demonstrated, enabling large-scale 3D culture in a macroporous biomaterial. This approach provides unprecedented spatiotemporal control over the properties of printed microporous annealed particle scaffolds for 2.5D and 3D tissue culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor E Miksch
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Nathaniel P Skillin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Bruce E Kirkpatrick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Grace K Hach
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Varsha V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Timothy J White
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
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42
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Guimarães CF, Cruz-Moreira D, Caballero D, Pirraco RP, Gasperini L, Kundu SC, Reis RL. Shining a Light on Cancer - Photonics in Microfluidic Tumor Modelling and Biosensing. Adv Healthc Mater 2022:e2201442. [PMID: 35998112 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms represent a powerful approach to miniaturizing important characteristics of cancers, improving in vitro testing by increasing physiological relevance. Different tools can manipulate cells and materials at the microscale, but few offer the efficiency and versatility of light and optical technologies. Moreover, light-driven technologies englobe a broad toolbox for quantifying critical biological phenomena. Herein, we review the role of photonics in microfluidic 3D cancer modeling and biosensing from three major perspectives. First, we look at optical-driven technologies that allow biomaterials and living cells to be manipulated with micro-sized precision and the opportunities to advance 3D microfluidic models by engineering cancer microenvironments' hallmarks, such as their architecture, cellular complexity, and vascularization. Second, we delve into the growing field of optofluidics, exploring how optical tools can directly interface microfluidic chips, enabling the extraction of relevant biological data, from single fluorescent signals to the complete 3D imaging of diseased cells within microchannels. Third, we review advances in optical cancer biosensing, focusing on how light-matter interactions can detect biomarkers, rare circulating tumor cells, and cell-derived structures such as exosomes. We overview photonic technologies' current challenges and caveats in microfluidic 3D cancer models, outlining future research avenues that may catapult the field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Guimarães
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Daniela Cruz-Moreira
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rogério P Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luca Gasperini
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
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43
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Rizzo R, Bonato A, Chansoria P, Zenobi-Wong M. Macroporous Aligned Hydrogel Microstrands for 3D Cell Guidance. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3871-3882. [PMID: 35977074 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering strongly relies on the use of hydrogels as highly hydrated 3D matrices to support the maturation of laden cells. However, because of the lack of microarchitecture and sufficient porosity, common hydrogel systems do not provide physical cell-instructive guidance cues and efficient transport of nutrients and oxygen to the inner part of the construct. A controlled, organized cellular alignment and resulting alignment of secreted ECM are hallmarks of muscle, tendons, and nerves and play an important role in determining their functional properties. Although several strategies to induce cellular alignment have been investigated in 2D systems, the generation of cell-instructive 3D hydrogels remains a challenge. Here, we report on the development of a simple and scalable method to efficiently generate highly macroporous constructs featuring aligned guidance cues. A precross-linked bulk hydrogel is pressed through a grid with variable opening sizes, thus deconstructing it into an array of aligned, high aspect ratio microgels (microstrands) with tunable diameter that are eventually stabilized by a second photoclick cross-linking step. This method has been investigated and optimized both in silico and in vitro, thereby leading to conditions with excellent viability and organized cellular alignment. Finally, as proof of concept, the method has been shown to direct aligned muscle tissue maturation. These findings demonstrate the 3D physical guidance potential of our system, which can be used for a variety of anisotropic tissues and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rizzo
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Angela Bonato
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Parth Chansoria
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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44
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Red light-induced conjugation of amines through amide bond formation triggered via photooxidation of 3-acylindolizines. Commun Chem 2022; 5:91. [PMID: 36697938 PMCID: PMC9814406 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a conjugation method initiated by irradiation of long-wavelength light (>500 nm) to prepare densely functionalized molecules while avoiding undesired photodegradation has attracted considerable attention. Here we show an amide bond formation method based on the photoreaction of 3-acylindolizines in the presence of amines triggered via red-light irradiation. Photooxidation of 3-acylindolizines using a catalytic amount of a photosensitizer and red light-emitting diodes (660 nm) affords the corresponding conjugated amides in nearly quantitative yields within <5 min. This transformation can be performed in aqueous organic solvents and is applicable to diverse aliphatic amines with various functional groups, including the moieties responsive to short-wavelength light.
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45
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Kumari S, Mondal P, Chatterjee K. Digital light processing-based 3D bioprinting of κ-carrageenan hydrogels for engineering cell-loaded tissue scaffolds. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Dhand AP, Davidson MD, Galarraga JH, Qazi TH, Locke RC, Mauck RL, Burdick JA. Simultaneous One-Pot Interpenetrating Network Formation to Expand 3D Processing Capabilities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202261. [PMID: 35510317 PMCID: PMC9283285 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of a secondary network into traditional single-network hydrogels can enhance mechanical properties, such as toughness and loading to failure. These features are important for many applications, including as biomedical materials; however, the processing of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels is often limited by their multistep fabrication procedures. Here, a one-pot scheme for the synthesis of biopolymer IPN hydrogels mediated by the simultaneous crosslinking of two independent networks with light, namely: i) free-radical crosslinking of methacrylate-modified hyaluronic acid (HA) to form the primary network and ii) thiol-ene crosslinking of norbornene-modified HA with thiolated guest-host assemblies of adamantane and β-cyclodextrin to form the secondary network, is reported. The mechanical properties of the IPN hydrogels are tuned by changing the network composition, with high water content (≈94%) hydrogels exhibiting excellent work of fracture, tensile strength, and low hysteresis. As proof-of-concept, the IPN hydrogels are implemented as low-viscosity Digital Light Processing resins to fabricate complex structures that recover shape upon loading, as well as in microfluidic devices to form deformable microparticles. Further, the IPNs are cytocompatible with cell adhesion dependent on the inclusion of adhesive peptides. Overall, the enhanced processing of these IPN hydrogels will expand their utility across applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek P Dhand
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Matthew D Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jonathan H Galarraga
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Taimoor H Qazi
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ryan C Locke
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Robert L Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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47
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Hu X, Zheng J, Hu Q, Liang L, Yang D, Cheng Y, Li SS, Chen LJ, Yang Y. Smart acoustic 3D cell construct assembly with high-resolution. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35764072 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac7c90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Precise and flexible three-dimensional (3D) cell construct assembly using external forces or fields can produce micro-scale cellular architectures with intercellular connections, which is an important prerequisite to reproducing the structures and functions of biological systems. Currently, it is also a substantial challenge in the bioengineering field. Here, we propose a smart acoustic 3D cell assembly strategy that utilizes a 3D printed module and hydrogel sheets. Digitally controlled six wave beams offer a high degree of freedom (including wave vector combination, frequency, phase, and amplitude) that enables versatile biomimetic micro cellular patterns in hydrogel sheets. Further, replaceable frames can be used to fix the acoustic-built micro-scale cellular structures in these sheets, enabling user-defined hierarchical or heterogeneous constructs through layer-by-layer assembly. This strategy can be employed to construct vasculature with different diameters and lengths, composed of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. These constructs can also induce controllable vascular network formation. Overall, the findings of this work extend the capabilities of acoustic cell assembly into 3D space, offering advantages including innovative, flexible, and precise patterning, and displaying great potential for the manufacture of various artificial tissue structures that duplicate in vivo functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejia Hu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen University, No. 422 Siming south road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, CHINA
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- School of physics and engineering, Wuhan University, luojia mountain street, Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, CHINA
| | - Qinghao Hu
- School of physics and engineering, Wuhan University, luojia street, Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, CHINA
| | - Li Liang
- School of Physics and Electronic Technology, Anhui Normal University, No. 189 of jiuhua south road, Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, CHINA
| | - Dongyong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, CHINA
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, CHINA
| | - Sen-Sen Li
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen University, No. 422 Siming south road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, CHINA
| | - Lu-Jian Chen
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen University, No. 422 Siming south road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, CHINA
| | - Yi Yang
- School of physics and engineering, Wuhan University, luojia street, Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, CHINA
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Wang M, Li W, Hao J, Gonzales A, Zhao Z, Flores RS, Kuang X, Mu X, Ching T, Tang G, Luo Z, Garciamendez-Mijares CE, Sahoo JK, Wells MF, Niu G, Agrawal P, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Eggan K, Zhang YS. Molecularly cleavable bioinks facilitate high-performance digital light processing-based bioprinting of functional volumetric soft tissues. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3317. [PMID: 35680907 PMCID: PMC9184597 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital light processing bioprinting favors biofabrication of tissues with improved structural complexity. However, soft-tissue fabrication with this method remains a challenge to balance the physical performances of the bioinks for high-fidelity bioprinting and suitable microenvironments for the encapsulated cells to thrive. Here, we propose a molecular cleavage approach, where hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA) is mixed with gelatin methacryloyl to achieve high-performance bioprinting, followed by selectively enzymatic digestion of HAMA, resulting in tissue-matching mechanical properties without losing the structural complexity and fidelity. Our method allows cellular morphological and functional improvements across multiple bioprinted tissue types featuring a wide range of mechanical stiffness, from the muscles to the brain, the softest organ of the human body. This platform endows us to biofabricate mechanically precisely tunable constructs to meet the biological function requirements of target tissues, potentially paving the way for broad applications in tissue and tissue model engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Wang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wanlu Li
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jin Hao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Arthur Gonzales
- University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Regina Sanchez Flores
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Xiao Kuang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Xuan Mu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Terry Ching
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
- Digital Manufacturing and Design Centre, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guosheng Tang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Zeyu Luo
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-Mijares
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Michael F Wells
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gengle Niu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Prajwal Agrawal
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Kevin Eggan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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49
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Yi S, Liu Q, Luo Z, He JJ, Ma HL, Li W, Wang D, Zhou C, Garciamendez CE, Hou L, Zhang J, Zhang YS. Micropore-Forming Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Bioink Toolbox 2.0: Designable Tunability and Adaptability for 3D Bioprinting Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106357. [PMID: 35607752 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that tissue engineering scaffolds that feature highly interconnected and size-adjustable micropores are oftentimes desired to promote cellular viability, motility, and functions. Unfortunately, the ability of precise control over the microporous structures within bioinks in a cytocompatible manner for applications in 3D bioprinting is generally lacking, until a method of micropore-forming bioink based on gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was reported recently. This bioink took advantage of the unique aqueous two-phase emulsion (ATPE) system, where poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) droplets are utilized as the porogen. Considering the limitations associated with this very initial demonstration, this article has furthered the understanding of the micropore-forming GelMA bioinks by conducting a systematic investigation into the additional GelMA types (porcine and fish, different methacryloyl-modification degrees) and porogen types (PEO, poly(vinyl alcohol), and dextran), as well as the effects of the porogen concentrations and molecular weights on the properties of the GelMA-based ATPE bioink system. This article exemplifies not only the significantly wider range of micropore sizes achievable and better emulsion stability, but also the improved suitability for both extrusion and digital light processing bioprinting with favorable cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sili Yi
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Zeyu Luo
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jacqueline Jialu He
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hui-Lin Ma
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wanlu Li
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Di Wang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Cuiping Zhou
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Carlos Ezio Garciamendez
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Linxi Hou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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50
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Xue X, Hu Y, Wang S, Chen X, Jiang Y, Su J. Fabrication of physical and chemical crosslinked hydrogels for bone tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2022; 12:327-339. [PMID: 35128180 PMCID: PMC8784310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has emerged as a significant research area that provides promising novel tools for the preparation of biomimetic hydrogels applied in bone-related diseases (e.g., bone defects, cartilage damage, osteoarthritis, etc.). Herein, thermal sensitive polymers (e.g., PNIPAAm, Soluplus, etc.) were introduced into main chains to fabricate biomimetic hydrogels with injectability and compatibility for those bone defect need minimally invasive surgery. Mineral ions (e.g., calcium, copper, zinc, and magnesium), as an indispensable role in maintaining the balance of the organism, were linked with polymer chains to form functional hydrogels for accelerating bone regeneration. In the chemically triggered hydrogel section, advanced hydrogels crosslinked by different molecular agents (e.g., genipin, dopamine, caffeic acid, and tannic acid) possess many advantages, including extensive selectivity, rapid gel-forming capacity and tunable mechanical property. Additionally, photo crosslinking hydrogel with rapid response and mild condition can be triggered by different photoinitiators (e.g., I2959, LAP, eosin Y, riboflavin, etc.) under specific wavelength of light. Moreover, enzyme triggered hydrogels were also utilized in the tissue regeneration due to its rapid gel-forming capacity and excellent biocompatibility. Particularly, some key factors that can determine the therapy effect for bone tissue engineering were also mentioned. Finally, brief summaries and remaining issues on how to properly design clinical-oriented hydrogels were provided in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xue
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 201900, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai, 200040, China
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