1
|
Zi S, Wu D, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Liu J. Insights into the controlling factors of the transport of tire wear particles in saturated porous media: The facilitative role of aging and fulvic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175665. [PMID: 39181254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The widespread distribution and potential adverse effects of tire wear particles (TWPs) on soil and groundwater quality pose a growing environmental concern. This study investigated the transport behavior of TWPs in saturated porous media and elucidated the underlying mechanisms influenced by environmental factors. Additionally, the effects of key environmental factors, such as aging, ionic strength, cation species, medium type, and natural organic matter (NOM), on the transport of TWPs were evaluated. The results showed that aging processes simulated through O3 and UV irradiation altered the physicochemical properties of TWPs, increased the mobility of TWPs at low ionic strengths. However, the high ionic strengths and the presence of Ca2+ significantly inhibited the mobility of TWPs due to enhanced aggregation. The transport mechanism of the original and aged TWPs shifted from blocking to ripening under favorable retention conditions (i.e., high ionic strengths, divalent cations, and fine sands). Interestingly, the presence of fulvic acid (FA) inhibited the ripening of the three TWPs, significantly promoting their transport through a spatial site resistance mechanism. The two-site kinetic attachment model (TSKAM), extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory, and colloid filtration theory (CFT) were applied to describe the transport behavior of the TWPs. The study provided a comprehensive understanding of the transport behavior of TWPs in groundwater environments, highlighting the environmental risks associated with their widespread distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxin Zi
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Di Wu
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiangtao Jiang
- Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA
| | - Jin Liu
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Belli IM, Cavali M, Garbossa LHP, Franco D, Bayard R, de Castilhos Junior AB. A review of plastic debris in the South American Atlantic Ocean coast - Distribution, characteristics, policies and legal aspects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173197. [PMID: 38772490 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The presence of plastics in the oceans has already become a pervasive phenomenon. Marine pollution by plastics surpasses the status of an emerging threat to become a well-established environmental problem, boosting research on this topic. However, despite many studies on the main seas and oceans, it is necessary to compile information on the South American Atlantic Ocean Coast to identify the lack of research and expand knowledge on marine plastic pollution in this region. Accordingly, this paper conducted an in-depth review of monitoring methods, sampling, and identification of macroplastics and microplastics (MPs) in water, sediments, and biota, including information on legal requirements from different countries as well as non-governmental initiatives. Brazil was the country with the highest number of published papers, followed by Argentina. MPs accounted for 75 % of the papers selected, with blue microfibers being the most common morphology, whereas PE and PP were the most abundant polymers. Also, a lack of standardization in the methodologies used was identified; however, the sites with the highest concentrations of MPs were the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina), Guanabara Bay (Brazil), and Todos os Santos Bay (Brazil), regardless of the method applied. Regarding legislation, Uruguay and Argentina have the most advanced policies in the region against marine plastic pollution due to their emphasis on the life cycle and the national ban on certain single-use plastics. Therefore, considering its content, this expert review can be useful to assist researchers dealing with plastic pollution along the South American Atlantic Ocean Coast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Marcon Belli
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Cavali
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Davide Franco
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rémy Bayard
- INSA Lyon, DEEP, UR7429, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Armando Borges de Castilhos Junior
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohan P, Shahul Hamid F. Charting the microplastic menace: A bibliometric analysis of pollution in Malaysian mangroves and polypropylene bioaccumulation assessment in Anadara granosa. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116654. [PMID: 38959572 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
According to a bibliometric analysis, studies on microplastic pollution in Malaysia are still incomprehensive. This study found microplastic contamination in sediment (97 particles/kg) and water (10,963 particles/m3) samples from Malaysian mangroves. Sediment from Matang and water from Kuala Selangor recorded the highest microplastic concentrations at 140 ± 5.13 particles/kg and 13,350 ± 37.95 particles/m3, respectively. Fragmented, blue, rayon and particles of <0.1 mm microplastic were the most abundant in sediment and water. In an experiment of polypropylene microplastic uptakes, Anadara granosa was found to uptake more 0.1 mm fiber particles. The uptake is strongly correlated to the presence of microplastics in sediment and water. The estimated dietary intake (EDI) indicates that a consumer could ingest 507 microplastic particles/year by consuming contaminated A. granosa. Therefore, mitigating measures are crucial to safeguard aquatic systems and humans from microplastic pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mohan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fauziah Shahul Hamid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Simon-Sánchez L, Vianello A, Kirstein IV, Molazadeh MS, Lorenz C, Vollertsen J. Assessment of microplastic pollution and polymer risk in the sediment compartment of the Limfjord, Denmark. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175017. [PMID: 39059658 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Estuarine sediments intercept and temporarily retain microplastics before they reach the marine seafloor, impacting various organisms, including key commercial species. This highlights the critical need for research on microplastic exposure in these transitional environments. This study provides a detailed assessment of microplastic pollution in the sediment compartment of the Limfjord, a 1500 km2 large Danish fjord, and introduces the Polymer Hazard Index (PHI) as a tool for evaluating polymer-specific risks. Thirteen sediment samples were collected, covering an anthropogenic gradient along the fjord. State-of-the-art methods were applied for extracting and identifying (FPA-μFT-IR imaging) microplastics (10-5000 μm). Our results indicate that microplastic contamination is pervasive across all sampled locations with concentrations ranging from 273 to 4288 particles kg-1, with a predominance of small microplastics (<100 μm). The estimated mass-based concentrations ranged between 2.60 × 104-1.11 × 106 ng kg-1. Overall, we estimated a microplastic stock of 3.8 × 103-1.65 × 105 kg in the surface sediments of the Limfjord, i.e., some 2.5-110 kg km-2. The application of the PHI revealed significant risks associated with specific polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), underscoring the importance of considering polymer-specific hazards in environmental assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alvise Vianello
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Inga V Kirstein
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland 27498, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Lorenz
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark
| | - Jes Vollertsen
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li W, Brunetti G, Bolshakova A, Stumpp C. Effect of particle density on microplastics transport in artificial and natural porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173429. [PMID: 38782271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and persistence of microplastics (MPs) in natural environments are of increasing concern. Along with this, the transport of MPs in sediments has been investigated mainly focusing on the effect of plastic size and shape, media size effect, and solution chemistry. Yet, the influence of particle density is only partially understood. Therefore, column experiments on the transport of variably buoyant MPs in saturated natural sediments and glass beads were conducted, and transport parameters were quantified using a two-site kinetic transport model with a depth-dependent blocking function (the amount of retained MPs does not decrease at a constant rate with increasing depth, the majority of MPs were retained near the column inlet). Neutral, sinking, and buoyant MPs within the same size range were selected, with stable water isotope applied as conservative tracer to explore water and MP movement in the tested sediments. The results showed that 95.5 ± 1.4% of sinking MPs remained in columns packed with gravel, followed by buoyant and neutral MPs, thus indicating that particle density does affect MP mobility. Similar recovered amounts of MPs were found in columns packed with glass beads, indicating that tested sediment types do not affect the deposition behavior of MPs. The breakthrough curves of MPs were accurately described by the selected model. However, the simulated retention profiles overestimated the observed MP amount in layers closest to the column inlet. The coupled experimental and modeled results suggest an enhanced retention of sinking MPs, while neutrally and buoyant MPs exhibit a higher mobility in comparison. Thus, neutral or buoyant MPs can potentially pose a higher contamination risk to subsurface porous media environments compared to sinking MPs. Discrepancies between observed and simulated retention profiles indicate that future model development is needed for advancing the MP deposition as affected by particle density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Giuseppe Brunetti
- University of Calabria, Department of Civil Engineering, Rende, Italy
| | - Anastasiia Bolshakova
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Stumpp
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Klaus J, Seeger M, Bigalke M, Weber CJ. Microplastics in vineyard soils: First insights from plastic-intensive viticulture systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174699. [PMID: 38997010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
In the terrestrial environment, microplastics in specialty cropping systems have not been studied so far. Viticulture as a potential plastic-intensive management form and a land use with high erosion risks, plays an important role in transport and distribution of material to other terrestrial and aquatic systems. This paper is a first investigation of microplastics in vineyard soils, assessing the spatial distribution and composition of microplastics in organically and conventionally managed viticulture, and relates it to the macroplastic collected at the vineyards. Topsoils (0-10, 10-30 cm) and plastic particles on soil surfaces from eight vineyard lots were sampled. Four of the vineyards were under organic and four underconventional management and they were all located in the Moselle and Saar Wine Region (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany). Microplastic analysis was performed via μFTIR chemical imaging after wet-chemical microplastic extraction from soil samples. The mean microplastic concentration was 4200 ± 2800 p kg-1 (mean ± SD), with detected mean sizes of 230 μm ± 300 μm. Most abundant polymers were PP (35.2 %), PA (25.3 %) and PE (15.5 %). The distribution pattern showed higher microplastic concentration in topsoil, at middle and bottom slope position. The smallest particle sizes were found in subsoil samples and bottom position. Thus, erosion is assumed to be a potential downhill transport pathway. According to our dataset, management seems to have no significant influence on microplastic abundance, but affects polymer composition. Polymer composition of micro- and macroplastics partly coincide, thus in-situ fragmentation, is considered the major input source. Based on our findings, we recommend further investigation of plastic pathways in speciality crop systems like viticulture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Klaus
- Department of Soil Mineralogy and Soil Chemistry, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Manuel Seeger
- Department of Physical Geography, Trier University, Behringstraße 21, 54296 Trier, Germany
| | - Moritz Bigalke
- Department of Soil Mineralogy and Soil Chemistry, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Collin J Weber
- Department of Soil Mineralogy and Soil Chemistry, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen H, Huang D, Zhou W, Deng R, Yin L, Xiao R, Li S, Li F, Lei Y. Hotspots lurking underwater: Insights into the contamination characteristics, environmental fates and impacts on biogeochemical cycling of microplastics in freshwater sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135132. [PMID: 39002483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments has become a significant concern, with freshwater sediments acting as terminal sinks, rapidly picking up these emerging anthropogenic particles. However, the accumulation, transport, degradation and biochemical impacts of MPs in freshwater sediments remain unresolved issues compared to other environmental compartments. Therefore, this paper systematically revealed the spatial distribution and characterization information of MPs in freshwater (rivers, lakes, and estuaries) sediments, in which small-size (<1 mm), fibers, transparent, polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) predominate, and the average abundance of MPs in river sediments displayed significant heterogeneity compared to other matrices. Next, the transport kinetics and drivers of MPs in sediments are summarized, MPs transport is controlled by the particle diversity and surrounding environmental variability, leading to different migration behaviors and transport efficiencies. Also emphasized the spatio-temporal evolution of MPs degradation processes and biodegradation mechanisms in sediments, different microorganisms can depolymerize high molecular weight polymers into low molecular weight biodegradation by-products via secreting hydrolytic enzymes or redox enzymes. Finally, discussed the ecological impacts of MPs on microbial-nutrient coupling in sediments, MPs can interfere with the ecological balance of microbially mediated nutrient cycling by altering community networks and structures, enzyme activities, and nutrient-related functional gene expressions. This work aims to elucidate the plasticity characteristics, fate processes, and potential ecological impact mechanisms of MPs in freshwater sediments, facilitating a better understanding of environmental risks of MPs in freshwater sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Rui Deng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Lingshi Yin
- College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Ruihao Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Sai Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yang Lei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pittroff M, Loui C, Oswald SE, Bochow M, Kamp J, Dierkes G, Lensing HJ, Munz M. Riverbed depth-specific microplastics distribution and potential use as process marker. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:45326-45340. [PMID: 38963618 PMCID: PMC11255049 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Riverbed sediments have been identified as temporary and long-term accumulation sites for microplastic particles (MPs), but the relocation and retention mechanisms in riverbeds still need to be better understood. In this study, we investigated the depth-specific occurrence and distribution (abundance, type, and size) of MPs in river sediments down to a depth of 100 cm, which had not been previously investigated in riverbeds. In four sediment freeze cores taken for the Main River (Germany), MPs (≥ 100 µm) were detected using two complementary analytical approaches (spectroscopy and thermoanalytical) over the entire depth with an average of 21.7 ± 21.4 MP/kg or 31.5 ± 28.0 mg/kg. Three vertical trends for MP abundance could be derived, fairly constant in top layers (0-30 cm), a decrease in middle layers (30-60 cm), and a strong increase in deep layers (60-100 cm). The dominant polymer types were polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS). Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and PP were also found in deep layers, albeit with the youngest age of earliest possible occurrence (EPO age of 1973 and 1954). The fraction of smaller-sized MPs (100-500 µm) increased with depth in shallow layers, but the largest MPs (> 1 mm) were detected in deep layers. Based on these findings, we elucidate the relationship between the depth-specific MP distribution and the prevailing processes of MP retention and sediment dynamics in the riverbed. We propose some implications and offer an initial conceptual approach, suggesting the use of microplastics as a potential environmental process tracer for driving riverbed sediment dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pittroff
- Department Geotechnical Engineering, Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute (BAW), Kußmaulstraße 17, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Constantin Loui
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sascha E Oswald
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mathias Bochow
- Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 1.4 Remote Sensing, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jan Kamp
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Georg Dierkes
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Lensing
- Department Geotechnical Engineering, Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute (BAW), Kußmaulstraße 17, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Munz
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sahu N, Bhowmik M, Lakra RK, Haldar S. Tracing microplastic pollution in Mahi River estuary, Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, and their influence on functional traits of macrobenthos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:47882-47898. [PMID: 39012532 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Most maritime habitats contain microplastic (MPs) contamination. The quality of the benthic ecosystem's habitat is declining as MPs accumulate in marine system. The contamination of MPs must therefore be investigated. We studied MPs pollution in the Mahi River, estuary, and macrobenthos. In the present study, the abundance of MPs fragments gradually decreased from the high tide zone to the low tide zone and muddy sediment has high MPs concentrations due to sediment characteristics and particle size. The majority of sediment and biota MPs were fibrous and black. MPs in both silt and biota have identical chemical compositions (modified cellulose), shapes, and colors. A significant source of pollutants and MPs fluxing into the ocean is well within the river system. Perinereis aibuhitensis ingested the most MPs out of 11 species, whereas Amphipods did not show any presence of MPs. Our findings showed that functional characteristics are essential for macrobenthos MPs intake. MPs in macrobenthos are high due to biological functions such as feeding, ecological groups, feeding mechanisms, body size, and bioturbation. MPs in marine sediment and organisms are tracked down to the Mahi River exceeding 50 km. The present work has investigated the idea that the macrobenthos that live in the sediment are ingesting the MPs that are building up there and this ingestion relies on the macrobenthos' functional characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nosad Sahu
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364 002, Gujarat, India
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology (CMLRE), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi, 682508, India
| | - Moumita Bhowmik
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Raj Kiran Lakra
- Department of Ocean Studies and Marine Biology, Pondicherry University, Port Blair, 744112, India
| | - Soumya Haldar
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364 002, Gujarat, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zeng L, Yuan C, Xiang T, Guan X, Dai L, Xu D, Yang D, Li L, Tian C. Research on the Migration and Adsorption Mechanism Applied to Microplastics in Porous Media: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1060. [PMID: 38921936 PMCID: PMC11206983 DOI: 10.3390/nano14121060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, microplastics (MPs) have emerged as a significant environmental pollutant, garnering substantial attention for their migration and transformation behaviors in natural environments. MPs frequently infiltrate natural porous media such as soil, sediment, and rock through various pathways, posing potential threats to ecological systems and human health. Consequently, the migration and adsorption mechanisms applied to MPs in porous media have been extensively studied. This paper aims to elucidate the migration mechanisms of MPs in porous media and their influencing factors through a systematic review. The review encompasses the characteristics of MPs, the physical properties of porous media, and hydrodynamic factors. Additionally, the paper further clarifies the adsorption mechanisms of MPs in porous media to provide theoretical support for understanding their environmental behavior and fate. Furthermore, the current mainstream detection techniques for MPs are reviewed, with an analysis of the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of each technique. Finally, the paper identifies the limitations and shortcomings of current research and envisions future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zeng
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (L.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.T.)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; (D.X.); (L.L.)
| | - Cong Yuan
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (L.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.T.)
| | - Taoyu Xiang
- College of New Students, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Xiangwei Guan
- China Kunlun Contracting and Engineering Corporation (CKCEC), Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Li Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; (D.X.); (L.L.)
| | - Dingliang Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; (D.X.); (L.L.)
| | - Danhui Yang
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (L.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.T.)
| | - Long Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; (D.X.); (L.L.)
| | - Chengcheng Tian
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (L.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurzweg L, Hauffe M, Schirrmeister S, Adomat Y, Socher M, Grischek T, Fery A, Harre K. Microplastic analysis in sediments of the Elbe River by electrostatic separation and differential scanning calorimetry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172514. [PMID: 38641120 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the most extensive investigation of microplastic (MP) contents in sediment from the Elbe River. We employed electrostatic separation (ES) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to overcome limitations of sample throughput and time-consuming analysis. In total 43 sediment samples were collected using a Van-Veen grab. Subsequently, coarse materials (d10 > 100 μm) and fine materials (d10 ≤ 100 μm) were enriched using ES and density separation. DSC was utilized for MP identification and quantification, based on the phase-transition signals of eight different polymers. MP presence was detected in 25 samples, with successful quantification in 12 samples. The MP content in coarse material samples from shoreline areas ranged from 0.52 to 1.30 mg/kg, while in fine material samples from harbor basins, it ranged from 5.0 to 44.6 mg/kg. The most prevalent polymers identified were LD-PE, HD-PE, PP, and PCL. These findings confirmed the suitability of DSC for analyzing MP in complex environmental samples. MP hotspots were identified in harbor basins, where natural sedimentation processes and increased anthropogenic activities contribute to MP accumulation. Additionally, industrial sewage potentially contributed to MP content in sediment samples. The highest pollution levels were observed in the middle Elbe, between the confluences of Mulde and Havel. Lowest MP contents were found in the lower Elbe, potentially influenced by tides. Future studies should focus on holistic investigations of selected river sections, encompassing sediment, water, and biota samples, rather than the entire catchment area. This approach would facilitate the generation of spatiotemporal data on MP distribution in freshwater streams. In addition, more research is needed to explore potential interactions between different MP and sediment types during DSC measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Kurzweg
- Faculty of Agriculture, Environment and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Friedrich-List-Platz 1, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Technical University Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Department for Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Mommsenstraße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maurice Hauffe
- Faculty of Agriculture, Environment and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Friedrich-List-Platz 1, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sven Schirrmeister
- Faculty of Agriculture, Environment and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Friedrich-List-Platz 1, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Technical University Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Department for Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Mommsenstraße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yasmin Adomat
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Friedrich-List-Platz 1, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Socher
- Faculty of Agriculture, Environment and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Friedrich-List-Platz 1, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Grischek
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Friedrich-List-Platz 1, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Technical University Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Department for Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Mommsenstraße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Leibniz Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institute for Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathrin Harre
- Faculty of Agriculture, Environment and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Friedrich-List-Platz 1, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rolf M, Laermanns H, Horn J, Kienzler L, Pohl C, Dierkes G, Kernchen S, Laforsch C, Löder MGJ, Bogner C. Multi-method analysis of microplastic distribution by flood frequency and local topography in Rhine floodplains. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171927. [PMID: 38556006 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Rivers are important transport pathways for microplastics into the ocean, but they can also be potential sinks due to microplastic deposition in the sediments of the river bed and adjacent floodplains. In particular, floods can (re)mobilise microplastics from sediments and floodplains, (re)deposit and relocate them depending on the floodplain topography. The knowledge about fluvial microplastic input to floodplains, their spatial distribution and their fate in floodplain soils is limited. To investigate this topic, we sampled soil at a depth of 5-20 cm along three transects in three different Rhine floodplains. We analysed the soil samples in tandem with pyrolysis GC/MS and ATR- & μ-FPA-FTIR for their microplastic abundance and mass concentrations. To study the influence of flood frequency on the microplastic abundance in the three floodplains, we fitted a hydrodynamic flood model (MIKE 21, DHI, Hørsholm, Denmark) and related the results to the respective spatial microplastic distribution. We found similar microplastic distribution patterns in each floodplain. The highest microplastic abundance (8516-70,124 microplastics kg-1) and mass concentration (46.2-141.6 mg kg-1) were consistently found in the farthest transects from the Rhine in a topographical depression. This microplastic distribution pattern is detectable with both, pyrolysis GC/MS and FTIR. The strongest correlation between the results of both methods was found for small, abundant microplastic particles. Our results suggest that the spatial distribution of microplastics in floodplains is related to the combination of flood frequency and local topography, that ought to be explicitly considered in future studies conducted in floodplains. Finally, our results indicate that pyrolysis GC/MS and FTIR data are comparable under certain conditions, which may help in the decision for the analytical method and sampling design in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rolf
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Hannes Laermanns
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Horn
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas Kienzler
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Pohl
- Director Business Development D-A-CH, DHI WASY GmbH, Volmerstraße 8, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Dierkes
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Sarmite Kernchen
- Animal Ecology I, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Animal Ecology I, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Animal Ecology I, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Christina Bogner
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wan S, Xu G, Xiong P, Qiao H, Chen X, Gu L, Xiong H, Wang B, Gu F. Microplastic pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment in the Wuding River Basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124228. [PMID: 38801879 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), as a new type of environmental pollutant, have attracted extensive attention in recent years. However, there has been relatively little research specifically focusing on MPs in the Yellow River Basin, China, particularly regarding MP migration patterns. Based on surface water and sediment samples from 19 sampling sites in the Wuding River (WDR), the abundances and characteristic distributions of MPs were analyzed, and the environmental factors affecting their distribution and potential ecological risks were evaluated. The results showed that the MP abundances in surface water and sediments of the WDR were significantly different (P < 0.05), with mean values of 2.98 ± 0.69 items/L and 419.47 ± 75.61 items/kg, respectively. In terms of MP characteristics, the most common size class was 0.1-0.5 mm in surface water. Polyethylene (PE, 32.50%) and polypropylene (PP, 27.50%) were the main polymer types of MPs in surface water. Although similar MP characteristics were observed in sediments, there were significantly more particles in the <0.1 mm particle size (P < 0.05), which was 15.0% higher than in surface water. Also, more high-density MP fragments were observed in sediment samples. The retention of MPs in sediments was influenced by the MP characteristics (density, shape, particle size) and sediment particle size. In contrast, the MP abundance in surface water was more closely related to the presence of other environmental pollutants, such as total phosphorus (WTP) and ammonia nitrogen (WAN). Temperature (T), agricultural land (AGR), and residential land (RES) only had significant effects on the distribution of MPs in surface water (P < 0.05). Potential ecological risk assessments revealed that MP pollution in sediments was more serious than in surface water, especially in the middle and lower reaches. The results of this study are important for understanding MP transport in a sandy river and for eliminating potential sources of MPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi' an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoce Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi' an, 710048, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ping Xiong
- Shaanxi Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, Xi'an, 710082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hailiang Qiao
- Shaanxi Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, Xi'an, 710082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi' an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liuyang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi' an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haijing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi' an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi' an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengyou Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi' an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li F, Huang D, Wang G, Cheng M, Chen H, Zhou W, Xiao R, Li R, Du L, Xu W. Microplastics/nanoplastics in porous media: Key factors controlling their transport and retention behaviors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171658. [PMID: 38490411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Till now, microplastics/nano-plastics(M/NPs) have received a lot of attention as emerging contaminant. As a typical but complex porous medium, soil is not only a large reservoir of M/NPs but also a gateway for M/NPs to enter groundwater. Therefore, the review of the factors controlling the transport behavior of M/NPs in porous media can provide important guidance for the risk assessment of M/NPs in soil and groundwater. In this study, the key factors controlling the transport behavior of M/NPs in porous media are systematically divided into three groups: (1) nature of M/NPs affecting M/NPs transport in porous media, (2) nature of flow affecting M/NPs transport in porous media, (3) nature of porous media affecting M/NPs transport. In each group, the specific control factors for M/NPs transport in porous media are discussed in detail. In addition to the above factors, some substances (colloids or pollutants) present in natural porous media (such as soil or sediments) will co-transport with M/NPs and affect its mobility. According to the different properties of co-transported substances, the mechanism of promoting or inhibiting the migration behavior of M/NPs in porous media was discussed. Finally, the limitations and future research directions of M/NPs transport in porous media are pointed out. This review can provide a useful reference for predicting the transport of M/NPs in natural porous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Guangfu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Haojie Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Ruihao Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Li Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kukkola A, Schneidewind U, Haverson L, Kelleher L, Drummond JD, Sambrook Smith G, Lynch I, Krause S. Snapshot Sampling May Not Be Enough to Obtain Robust Estimates for Riverine Microplastic Loads. ACS ES&T WATER 2024; 4:2309-2319. [PMID: 38752202 PMCID: PMC11091885 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.4c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been described as key contributors of microplastics (MPs) to aquatic systems, yet temporal fluctuations in MP concentrations and loads downstream are underexplored. This study investigated how different sampling frequencies (hourly, weekly, and monthly) affect MP estimates in a stream linked to a single WWTP. Utilizing fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, considerable hourly variations in MP concentrations were discovered, while the polymer composition remained consistent. This temporal variability in MP loads was influenced by MP concentration, discharge rates, or a mix of both. These results show a high uncertainty, as relying on sparse snapshot samples combined with annual discharge data led to significant uncertainties in MP load estimates (over- and/or underestimation of emissions by 3.8 billion MPs annually at this site). Our findings stress the necessity of higher-frequency sampling for better comprehending the hydrodynamic factors influencing MP transport. This improved understanding enables a more accurate quantification of MP dynamics, crucial for downstream impact assessments. Therefore, preliminary reconnaissance campaigns are essential for designing extended, representative site-monitoring programs and ensuring more precise trend predictions on a larger scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kukkola
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Uwe Schneidewind
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Lee Haverson
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Liam Kelleher
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
- Institute
of Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SA, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer D. Drummond
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Gregory Sambrook Smith
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
- Institute
of Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SA, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Krause
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
- LEHNA
- Laboratoire d’ecologie des hydrosystemes naturels et anthropises, University of Lyon, Darwin C & Forel, 3-6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Institute
of Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li W, Brunetti G, Zafiu C, Kunaschk M, Debreczeby M, Stumpp C. Experimental and simulated microplastics transport in saturated natural sediments: Impact of grain size and particle size. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133772. [PMID: 38377904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) present in terrestrial environments show potential leaching risk to deeper soil layers and aquifer systems, which threaten soil health and drinking water supply. However, little is known about the environmental fate of MPs in natural sediments. To examine the MPs transport mechanisms in natural sediments, column experiments were conducted using different natural sediments and MPs (10-150 µm) with conservative tracer. Particle breakthrough curves (BTCs) and retention profiles (RPs) were numerically interpreted in HYDRUS-1D using three different models to identify the most plausible deposition mechanism of MPs. Results show that the retention efficiency for a given particle size increased with decreasing grain size, and RPs exacerbated their hyper-exponential shape in finer sediments. Furthermore, the amounts of MPs present in the effluent increased to over 85 % as MPs size decreased to 10-20 µm in both gravel and coarse sand columns, while all larger MPs (125-150 µm) were retained in the coarse sand column. The modeling results suggested that the blocking mechanism becomes more important with increasing particle sizes. In particular, the attachment-detachment without blocking was the most suited parameterization to interpret the movement of small MPs, while a depth-dependent blocking approach was necessary to adequately describe the fate of larger particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Giuseppe Brunetti
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria; University of Calabria, Department of Civil Engineering, Rende, Italy
| | - Christian Zafiu
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Waste Management and Circular Economy, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Kunaschk
- Bavarian Environment Agency (LfU), Demollstrasse 31, 82407 Wielenbach, Germany
| | - Monika Debreczeby
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Stumpp
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dhivert E, Pruvost J, Winiarski T, Gasperi J, Delor-Jestin F, Tassin B, Mourier B. Time-varying microplastic contributions of a large urban and industrial area to river sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123702. [PMID: 38432346 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The quantification of microplastic (MP) pollution in rivers is often constrained by a lack of historical data on a multi-decadal scale, which hinders the evaluation of public policies. In this study, MP contents and trends were analyzed in dated sediment cores sampled upstream and downstream of a large metropolis, in environmental deposits that exhibited consistent sedimentation patterns from the 1980s to 2021. After a thorough sedimentological analysis, MPs were quantified in samples by micro Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (μFTIR imaging) and a density separation and organic matter digestion procedure. Microplastics recorded in the upstream core are relatively ubiquitous all along the dated sequence. The results also confirmed a sever increase of microplastics levels in the downstream core, by one order of magnitude, and an increase of polymer types. Polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene represent ubiquitous contamination and were predominant at the two stations, whereas polyvinyl chloride and polytetrafluoroethylene were suspected to be abundant at the downstream station, but were not detected at the upstream station. Their presence could be linked to local contamination from specific industrial sources that manufactured and utilized these polymers. Surprisingly, in the downstream station sediment has recorded a relative improvement in polymers associated with industrial sources since the 2000s and, to a lesser extent, for ubiquitous ones since the 2010s. This trend of mitigation diverges from that of global assessments, that assume uncontrolled MP pollution, and suggest that European Union wastewater policy and regulation on industrial discharges have positively influenced water quality, and certainly also on MPs. However, the accumulation of microplastics remains high in recent deposits and raises the emerging concern of the long-term management of these reservoirs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Dhivert
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69518, Vaulx-en-Velin, France; University of Tours, EA 6293 GeHCO, F-37200, Tours, France
| | - J Pruvost
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69518, Vaulx-en-Velin, France
| | - T Winiarski
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69518, Vaulx-en-Velin, France
| | - J Gasperi
- University Gustave Eiffel, GERS-LEE IFSTTAR, F-44344, Bouguenais, France
| | - F Delor-Jestin
- University of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne INP-Sigma Clermont, CNRS, ICCF, UMR 6296, F-63177, Aubière, France
| | - B Tassin
- École des Ponts ParisTech, LEESU, F-77455, Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - B Mourier
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69518, Vaulx-en-Velin, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alhusban Z. Microplastic infiltration into mobile sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170847. [PMID: 38354816 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the dynamics of microplastic infiltration into non-stationary sandy sediments, a pressing environmental concern due to the rising prevalence of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems. An annular flume was used to simulate riverine bedform motion, examining the suspension and infiltration of denser-than-water microplastic particles, including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), and polylactide (PLA). The experiments focused on various particle sizes (ranging from 0.2 to 5 mm in diameter) and bedform migration speeds, known as celerities. The findings indicate that particle size is a significant factor influencing the depth of infiltration and distribution within sediment layers, whereas the impact of bedform celerities and particle densities appears less significant. This research provides novel insights into the behavior of microplastics in dynamic sedimentary environments, highlighting the intricate interaction between microplastic characteristics and sedimentary processes. The results contribute to an enhanced understanding of microplastic distribution and accumulation in riverine systems, offering crucial data for developing predictive models and formulating potential remediation strategies for microplastic pollution.
Collapse
|
19
|
Dimante-Deimantovica I, Saarni S, Barone M, Buhhalko N, Stivrins N, Suhareva N, Tylmann W, Vianello A, Vollertsen J. Downward migrating microplastics in lake sediments are a tricky indicator for the onset of the Anthropocene. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi8136. [PMID: 38381821 PMCID: PMC10881056 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are a recent particulate material in Earth's history. Because of plastics persistence and wide-range presence, it has a great potential of being a global age marker and correlation tool between sedimentary profiles. In this research, we query whether microplastics can be considered among the array of proxies to delimit the Anthropocene Epoch (starting from the year 1950 and above). We present a study of microplastics deposition history inferred from sediment profiles of lakes in northeastern Europe. The sediments were dated with independent proxies from the present back to the first half of the 18th century. Regardless of the sediment layer age, microplastic particles were found throughout the cores in all sites. Depending on particles' aspect ratio, less elongated particles were found deeper, while more elongated particles and fibers have reduced mobility. We conclude that interpretation of microplastics distribution in the studied sediment profiles is ambiguous and does not strictly indicate the beginning of the Anthropocene Epoch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saija Saarni
- University of Turku, Department of Geography and Geology, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Marta Barone
- Latvian Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
- Daugavpils University, The Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Daugavpils LV-5401, Latvia
| | - Natalja Buhhalko
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Normunds Stivrins
- University of Latvia, Department of Geography, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Geology, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | | | - Wojciech Tylmann
- University of Gdańsk, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Gdańsk PL-80309, Poland
| | - Alvise Vianello
- Aalborg University, Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Jes Vollertsen
- Aalborg University, Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gupta P, Saha M, Suneel V, Rathore C, Ray D, Naik A. The consequences of reduced anthropogenic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic on microplastic abundance in a tropical estuarine region: Goa, India. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169041. [PMID: 38056653 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is pervasive, as it has infiltrated every corner of the planet and the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a depletion in the production, consumption, and disposal of plastics. To find out the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, a comparative assessment of microplastics (MPs) observed before and after the pandemic was evaluated in surface water and sediment from the major rivers of Goa, i.e. Mandovi and Zuari. To comprehend the relative difference in the abundance, characteristics, and source of MPs, samples were examined in both the dry and wet seasons. We found a sharp decrease in the concentration of MPs immediately after the isolated pandemic. During the dry and wet seasons, two to seven times less concentration of MPs was recorded for water and sediments after the pandemic period compared to the prior pandemic. MPs size, >300 μm were relatively abundant after the pandemic period in contrast to the prior pandemic (<300 μm sized MPs were more). Polyamide (PA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were the dominant polymers after the pandemic whereas earlier the dominant polymers were polyacetylene, polyacrylamide (PAM), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). The risk assessment of MPs in sediments (Polymer load index) was higher prior to the pandemic. The water quality parameters also indicated an improvement in the water quality during the pandemic. The present study clearly exhibited that due to the reduction of overall anthropogenic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic period, a sharp decline of plastic waste and MP abundance in the coastal water body in Goa, west coast of India was found. This study unveils the controlling factors (such as total solid waste generation, plastic waste, tourism activities, and the effect of monsoon) which influence the abundance and distribution of macro- and microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyansha Gupta
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Durbar Ray
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Akshata Naik
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Norling M, Hurley R, Schell T, Futter MN, Rico A, Vighi M, Blanco A, Ledesma JLJ, Nizzetto L. Retention efficiency for microplastic in a landscape estimated from empirically validated dynamic model predictions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:132993. [PMID: 37984140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Soils are recipients of microplastic that can be subsequently transferred to the sea. Land sources dominate inputs to the ocean, but knowledge gaps about microplastic retention by land hinder assessments of input rates. Here we present the first empirical evaluation of a dynamic microplastic fate model operating at landscape level. This mechanistic model accounts for hydrology, soil and sediment erosion, particle characteristics and behavior. We predict microplastic concentrations in water and sediments of the Henares river (Spain) within the measurement uncertainty boundaries (error factors below 2 and 10, respectively). Microplastic export from land and discharge by river fluctuates in a non-linear manner with precipitation and runoff variability. This indicates the need of accurate dynamic descriptions of soil and stream hydrology even when modeling microplastic fate and transport in generic scenarios and at low spatio-temporal resolution. A time-averaged landscape retention efficiency was calculated showing 20-50% of the microplastics added to the catchment over a multiannual period were retained. While the analysis reveals persistent uncertainties and knowledge gaps on microplastic sources to the catchment, these results contribute to the quantitative understanding of the role of terrestrial environments in accumulating microplastics, delaying their transport to the sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Norling
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Rachel Hurley
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Theresa Schell
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcala, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcala´ de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martyn N Futter
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcala, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcala´ de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marco Vighi
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcala, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcala´ de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Blanco
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcala, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcala´ de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L J Ledesma
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Reinhard-Baumeister-Platz 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Anderson RJ, Turner A. Microplastic transport and deposition in a beach-dune system (Saunton Sands-Braunton Burrows, southwest England). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168535. [PMID: 37977395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Although microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous contaminants that have been extensively studied in the marine setting, there remain gaps in our understanding of their transport and fate in the coastal zone. In this study, MPs isolated from surface sediments sampled from a large beach-dune complex in southwest England have been quantified and characterised. Concentrations above a detectable size limit of 30 to 50 μm ranged from about 40 to 560 MP kg-1 dry weight but, despite local sources of plastics such as an estuary and seasonal tourism, there were no significant differences in median concentrations between different orthogonal foreshore transects and the dunes or according to zonal location on the beach. The majority of MPs were black and blue fibres of <1 mm in length that were constructed of polymers of density > 1 g cm-3 (e.g., rayon, polyester, acrylic). A significant correlation was found between MP concentration and the proportion of very fine sand (100 to 250 μm) but relationships with other granulometric or compositional markers of sediment (e.g., volume-weighted mean diameter, circularity, calcium content) were not evident. An association of MP concentration with very fine sand was attributed to similar particle depositional characteristics and the entrapment of fibres within small interstitial spaces. Overall, the observations reflect the wavelaid and windlaid deposition of MPs from a diffuse, offshore source, and, despite their role as accumulators of particles from the foreshore, dunes do not appear to act as a landward barrier of MPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael J Anderson
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xu Y, Ou Q, van der Hoek JP, Liu G, Lompe KM. Photo-oxidation of Micro- and Nanoplastics: Physical, Chemical, and Biological Effects in Environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:991-1009. [PMID: 38166393 PMCID: PMC10795193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are attracting increasing attention due to their persistence and potential ecological risks. This review critically summarizes the effects of photo-oxidation on the physical, chemical, and biological behaviors of MNPs in aquatic and terrestrial environments. The core of this paper explores how photo-oxidation-induced surface property changes in MNPs affect their adsorption toward contaminants, the stability and mobility of MNPs in water and porous media, as well as the transport of pollutants such as organic pollutants (OPs) and heavy metals (HMs). It then reviews the photochemical processes of MNPs with coexisting constituents, highlighting critical factors affecting the photo-oxidation of MNPs, and the contribution of MNPs to the phototransformation of other contaminants. The distinct biological effects and mechanism of aged MNPs are pointed out, in terms of the toxicity to aquatic organisms, biofilm formation, planktonic microbial growth, and soil and sediment microbial community and function. Furthermore, the research gaps and perspectives are put forward, regarding the underlying interaction mechanisms of MNPs with coexisting natural constituents and pollutants under photo-oxidation conditions, the combined effects of photo-oxidation and natural constituents on the fate of MNPs, and the microbiological effect of photoaged MNPs, especially the biotransformation of pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Qin Ou
- Key
Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Peter van der Hoek
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
- Waternet,
Department Research & Innovation,
P.O. Box 94370, 1090 GJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gang Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kim Maren Lompe
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gong X, Tian L, Wang P, Wang Z, Zeng L, Hu J. Microplastic pollution in the groundwater under a bedrock island in the South China sea. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117277. [PMID: 37778600 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is the only freshwater resource on islands. Research on microplastic pollution in groundwater on islands is scarce. This study is the first to explore microplastic pollution in the groundwater under a bedrock island (Dawanshan Island) located in the South China Sea. The influence of hydrogeological factors on the distribution, source, and ageing features of microplastics in the groundwater were investigated. Despite the small scale of industrial and agricultural activities on the island, the amount of microplastics in the groundwater ranged from 34 to 64 particles/L, with over 80% of the microplastics being polyester fibres with diameters smaller than 2 mm, which is comparable to those in coastal cities. These microplastics were originated from inland plastic usage, rather than from the surrounding sea, which was confirmed by the lack of seawater intrusion on the island. Owing to the low permeability of granite, microplastics were mainly distributed in the water of the loose layer of porous sediment, and their quantity decreased with depth. In addition, the abundance of microplastics in pore groundwater increased with an increase in the velocity of groundwater flow. The severity of microplastic pollution in the groundwater increased with an increase and decrease in the content of total dissolved solids and dissolved oxygen, respectively. The microplastics originated from plastic waste disposed of on the island, rather than from seawater intrusion. Also, through groundwater infiltration into exposed soil at recharge areas, artificial wells at residential areas, and water exchange with surface water at valley areas. Microplastics buried in the groundwater aged faster along the migration path of the groundwater. These microplastics threaten the safety of people and plants on the island through exposure resulting from the extraction of groundwater for irrigation, while they endanger marine life through submarine groundwater discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gong
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Lingning Tian
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China.
| | - Zhongzhong Wang
- Guangdong Geological Survey Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510030, China
| | - Lvdan Zeng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Jiyuan Hu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mancini M, Francalanci S, Innocenti L, Solari L. Investigations on microplastic infiltration within natural riverbed sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167256. [PMID: 37741401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Several studies focused on the role of rivers as vectors of microplastics (MPs) towards the sea. It is well known that during their path through the fluvial environment, MPs interact with riverbed sediments; however, the main factors impacting the mobility of MPs within the upper part of the hyporheic zone are not clear yet. The present work investigates the role of different sediment size layers in affecting the mobility of the most common MP (Polyethylene terephthalate - PET - spheres, PET 3D-ellipsoids, polystyrene - PS - fragments and polyamide - PA - fibers) within sediment porous media under different hydraulic loads (HL) and time scales (t) conditions. Results indicated the relationship between the characteristic MP diameter and that of the grains as the main parameter for the MP infiltration into the sediment layer. The maximum infiltration depth was found to not depend on HL and t. However, HL was able to influence the percentage of MPs penetrating the superficial layer and their distribution within the first 10-15 cm of the sediment layer. None of the MPs were found at depths >20-25 cm, where only PET spheres were detected. Starting from the suffusion theory, a model able to predict the MP maximum infiltration depth in the range of parameter values was provided. The outcome indicates the importance of considering geometrical and hydrodynamic aspects of the riverbed sediment layer to better characterize the spatial and temporal scales of MP transport in freshwater environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Mancini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Simona Francalanci
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Innocenti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Solari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li J, Zhu B, Huang B, Ma J, Lu C, Chi G, Guo W, Chen X. Vertical distribution and characteristics of soil microplastics under different land use patterns: A case study of Shouguang City, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166154. [PMID: 37572903 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil microplastic pollution is ubiquitous, but the vertical distribution characteristics of microplastics in different land use types are unclear. In this study, the microplastic abundance, particle size, shape, color, and polymer type in 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm soil layers of seven land use types (woodland, grassland, maize, wheat, cotton, polytunnel, and greenhouse) were systematically investigated in Shouguang City, a typical agricultural city in China. The results showed that the average microplastic abundance from top to deep for the three soil layers of Shouguang City were 1948.1 ± 992.5, 1349.4 ± 654, and 670.1 ± 341.6 items kg-1. In the top soil layer (0-20 cm), the abundance of microplastics in facility soils was significantly higher than in other land use types. In agricultural soils, microplastics were predominantly small size (<0.5 mm), films and fragments, PE and PP. The average microplastic abundance in deep soils (40-60 cm) of the seven land use types was 349.1 ± 62.8 (woodland), 284.9 ± 113.9 (grassland), 657.1 ± 127.1 (maize), 537.8 ± 137.4 (wheat), 851.4 ± 204.2 (cotton), 878.5 ± 295.7 (polytunnel), 1132.2 ± 304.5 (greenhouse) items kg-1, respectively, accounting for 11 % to 19 % in all three soil layers. The percentage of small size and pellet microplastics increased in deep soils (40-60 cm). Correlation analysis showed that soil environmental factors (pH, EC, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and organic carbon) influenced to different extents the distribution, fragmentation, and transport of microplastics. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of contamination and vertical distribution of soil microplastics in agricultural and non-agricultural soils, as well as provide important data for the development of preventive and management policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Caiyan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guangyu Chi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yuan B, Gan W, Sun J, Lin B, Chen Z. Depth profiles of microplastics in sediments from inland water to coast and their influential factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166151. [PMID: 37562610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics, plastic particles with a size smaller than 5 mm, are widely observed in the global environments and pose a growing threat as they accumulate and affect the environments in numerous ways. These particles can be transported from inland water to coast and disperse from surface water to deep sediments, especially the latter, while knowledge of the hidden microplastics in sediment layers is still lacking. Understanding the characteristics and behavior of microplastics in deep sediments from inland water to coast is crucial for estimating the present and future global plastic budget from land to seas. Herein, present knowledge of microplastic sedimentation from inland water to coast is reviewed, with a focus on the physical characteristics of microplastics and environmental factors that affect sedimentation. The abundance, shape, composition, and timeline of microplastics in sediment layers in rivers, floodplains, lakes, estuaries and coastal wetlands are presented. The abundance of microplastics in sediment layers varies across sites and may exhibit opposite trends along depth, and generally the proportion of relatively small microplastics increases with depth, while less is known about the vertical trends in the shape and composition of microplastics. Timeline of microplastics is generally linked to the sedimentation rate, which varies from millimeters to centimeters per year in the reviewed studies. The spatiotemporal characteristics of microplastic sedimentation depend on the settling and erosion of microplastics, which are determined by two aspects, microplastic characteristics and environmental factors. The former aspect includes size, shape and density influenced by aggregation and biofouling, and the latter includes dynamic forces, topographic features, bioturbation and human activities. The comprehensive review of these factors highlights the needs to further quantify the characteristics of microplastic sedimentation and explore the role of these factors in microplastic sedimentation on various spatiotemporal scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yuan
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Gan
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
| | - Binliang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Zhihe Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Moses SR, Löder MGJ, Herrmann F, Laforsch C. Seasonal variations of microplastic pollution in the German River Weser. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166463. [PMID: 37607635 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Rivers play a major role in the distribution of microplastics (MPs) in the environment, however, research on temporal variations in these highly dynamic systems is still in its infancy. To date, most studies dealing with the seasonality of MP contamination in rivers focus on bi-yearly analysis, while temporal fluctuations over the course of the year are rarely studied. To shed more light on seasonal variability of MP abundance and potential driving factors, we have thus sampled the water surface of one location in the Weser River in Germany monthly over one entire year. In our study, we targeted MP in the size range 10-5000 μm, using two different state-of-the-art sampling methods (manta net for large MP (l-MP; 500-5000 μm) and a filtration system for small MP (s-MP; 10-500 μm)) and analysis techniques (ATR-FTIR and FPA-μFTIR) for chemical identification. Our findings show a strong size-dependent positive correlation of the MP concentration with discharge rates (specifically direct runoff) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) for s-MPs, specifically in the size range 10-149 μm. L-MPs, however, show a different environmental behaviour and do not follow these patterns. With our study, we were able to deliver a much higher temporal resolution, covering a broader size range of MPs compared to most studies. Our findings point towards an interplay of two possible mechanisms: a) the riverbeds play an important role in large-scale MP and SPM release via resuspension during high discharge events, and b) precipitation-driven soil erosion and runoff from urban surfaces (e.g. rain sewers) introduce MP and SPM. Hence, our study serves as a basis for more detailed investigations of MP transport in and between ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonya R Moses
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Frank Herrmann
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG), Institute 3: Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FZJ), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fang Z, Sallach JB, Hodson ME. Ethanol, not water, should be used as the dispersant when measuring microplastic particle size distribution by laser diffraction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166129. [PMID: 37562611 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Size distribution is a crucial characteristic of microplastics (MPs). A typical method for measuring this property is wet laser diffraction. However, when measuring size distributions of MPs, despite it being a poor dispersant for many MPs, water is commonly selected, potentially limiting the reliability of reported measurements. To evaluate dispersant suitability, different aqueous concentrations of ethanol (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75, 100 wt%) and aqueous solutions of 0.001 wt% Triton X-100 and a mixture comprising 10 wt% sodium pyrophosphate and 10 wt% methanol were used as dispersants in a laser granulometer (Mastersizer 2000) to determine particle size distributions (PSDs) of granular polyethylene MP35, MP125 and MP500 particles (nominally <35, <125 and, < 500 μm in size). The reliability of the PSDs depended on the dispersant used and size of primary MPs. With increasing ethanol concentrations, PSD curves of MP35 particles shifted from multi-modal to mono-modal distributions. The measured size distribution reduced from 1588.7 to 4.5 μm in water to 39.9 to 0.1 μm in 100 wt% ethanol. Generally, as ethanol concentration increased, uncertainty associated with the PSD parameters decreased. Although Triton X-100 and the mixed solution also showed better dispersion than water, measured particle sizes and coefficient of variation (COV, %) were notably larger than those for 100 wt% ethanol. Similar trends were observed for larger-sized MP125 and MP500 particles, but differences in PSD curves, PSD parameters, and COV (%) among dispersants were less pronounced. In all dispersants, the volume weighted mean diameters (VWMD) in 100 wt% ethanol (MP35: 14.1 μm, MP125: 102.5 μm, MP500: 300.0 μm) were smallest and close to diameters determined from microscope observations (MP35: 14.6 μm, MP125: 109.0 μm, MP500: 310.6 μm). Therefore, for accurate determinations of the PSDs of MP by wet laser diffraction, ethanol rather than water should be used as the dispersant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Fang
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York YO10 5NG, United Kingdom.
| | - J B Sallach
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York YO10 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - M E Hodson
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York YO10 5NG, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li T, Wang Y, Jiao M, Zhao Z, Li R, Qin C. Distinct microplastics abundance variation in root-associated sediments revealed the underestimation of mangrove microplastics pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165611. [PMID: 37478953 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove sediment is acknowledged as the critical sink of microplastics (MPs). However, the potential effect of mangrove root systems on the MPs migration in sediment remains largely unknown. Here, our study characterized the spatial distribution of MPs trapped in root hair, rhizosphere, and non-rhizosphere zones, and analyzed their correlations with physicochemical properties of sediments. The significantly increased MPs abundances toward root systems shed light on the distinct effect on the migration of MPs exerted by mangrove root systems. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) analysis revealed that pore water content and pH influenced the abundances of different MP characteristics (shape, color, size, and type) and further promoted the accumulation of MPs toward the root systems. In different mangrove areas from landward to seaward, other sediment properties (median grain size, clay content, and salinity) also controlled MP distribution. Additionally, smaller-sized MPs (<1000 μm) were more easily transported to the root systems. Our study emphasizes the importance of considering root systems effect when investigating the mechanisms of MPs distribution and migration in mangrove sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiezhu Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Meng Jiao
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ruilong Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Chengrong Qin
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xia F, Tan Q, Qin H, Wang D, Cai Y, Zhang J. Sequestration and export of microplastics in urban river sediments. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108265. [PMID: 37866239 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In rivers, riverbeds are considered to have dual properties as a short-term sink and a source of further mobilization for microplastics. To better understand the sources, storage, and fate of microplastics in river systems, this study quantified the formation of microplastic hotspots in riverbeds and seasonal variations in microplastic inventories in riverbeds, especially for small-sized microplastics (<330 µm), with a fluorescence-based protocol. This study provides first-hand measured evidence for the sequestration of microplastics in the riverbed under low-flow conditions and its export from the riverbed under high-flow conditions. The results show that riverbeds in urban areas are still hotspots for microplastic pollution and that high inputs of urban microplastics control microplastic load in its downstream areas. Seasonal rainfall exported 34.86 % (equivalent to 4.34 × 1011 items/8.57 t) of microplastic pollution from the riverbed, and its removal capacity may be related to the rainfall intensity. Wider riverbeds are conducive to the formation of microplastic hotspots due to the flow slow down. Most importantly, rainfall-driven scouring of the riverbed can enhance the pollution of small-sized microplastics in the riverbed, especially the smallest-size microplastics (<100 µm). Therefore, this study not only contributes reliable information about the sequestration and export of microplastics in the riverbed, but also provides a possible mechanism to explain the lack of small-sized microplastics (<330 µm) in the ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watershed, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watershed, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Haiguang Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watershed, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Dunqiu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yanpeng Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watershed, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Oliveira LGD, Hattori GY, Sant'Anna BS. Microplastic contamination in bathing areas in the Central Amazon, Itacoatiara, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:117748-117758. [PMID: 37875761 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to the visible abundance of plastic improperly disposed of in the environment, the number of investigations has increased worldwide in different water bodies and biota. Despite this, studies of contamination by microplastics in freshwater environments in the Amazon are scarce. This study investigated microplastic contamination in sediment samples of bathing areas in the Central Amazon, in Itacoatiara, Amazonas, Brazil. A total of 202 microplastic particles were recorded in the five investigated areas that are used for recreation. These results indicate no significant difference in the number of microplastic particles among the establishments; however, the size of the microplastic particles differed significantly between the establishments. Both blue and red microplastic particles were recorded, with blue particles being the most abundant. The microplastic particles were in the form of fibers and fragments. The number of microplastic particles was significantly different between the areas within and adjacent to the bathing areas, though the size of the microplastic particles was not significantly different in the areas within and adjacent to the bathing areas. There was no significant correlation in the establishments in regard to their frequency of use and contamination (number of microplastic particles). This is the first study that indicates the anthropogenic impacts associated with microplastic contamination in recreation areas within the Amazon Forest, an area considered by the world to be of vital importance for conservation. The results of this study indicate that microplastics are present in these bathing areas of the Central Amazon and that contamination in areas used for recreation may be significantly higher than in areas not used for this purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leovando Gama de Oliveira
- Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Institute of Exact Science and Technology (ICET), Postgraduate Program in Science and Technology for Amazonian Resources (PPGCTRA), Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, No. 3863, São Jorge, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Yomar Hattori
- Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Institute of Exact Science and Technology (ICET), Postgraduate Program in Science and Technology for Amazonian Resources (PPGCTRA), Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, No. 3863, São Jorge, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil
| | - Bruno Sampaio Sant'Anna
- Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Institute of Exact Science and Technology (ICET), Postgraduate Program in Science and Technology for Amazonian Resources (PPGCTRA), Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, No. 3863, São Jorge, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nguyen TLH, Duong TL, Nguyen THT, Dang TQ, Nguyen TH, Dao NN, Nguyen KT, Duong CD, Pham NN, Nguyen BQ. Microplastics and trace metals in river sediment: Prevalence and correlation with multiple factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165145. [PMID: 37385491 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), which are ubiquitous, are no longer novel emerging pollutants, yet our knowledge of them is insufficient. This study investigates the prevalence of MPs and trace metals in sediment belonging to Ma River, Vietnam, and their interaction with various parameters, including nutrients such as total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP), grain sizes, and MPs in surface water. The study revealed that the abundance of MPs in sediment (MPs/S) is relatively high (i.e., 1328.3 ± 1925.5 items.kg-1 dry weight), while the concentration of MPs in surface water (MPs/W) was relatively low (i.e., 57.3 ± 55.8 items.m-3) compared to other areas. Notably, the study found that arsenic and cadmium concentrations exceeded baseline levels, indicating their anthropogenic origin. To interpret the relationship between MPs/S, metals, and the aforementioned parameters, principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analyses were employed. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between metals and nutrients, as well as small grain sizes such as clay and silt. It was observed that the majority of metals displayed co-occurrence with one another but showed weak associations with the levels of MPs present in both water and sediment. Additionally, a weak correlation was observed between MPs/W and MPs/S. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the distribution and behavior of MPs and trace metals in aquatic systems are influenced by multiple factors, including nutrient levels, grain size, and other chemical and physical characteristics of the environment. While certain metals may have natural sources, others may result from human activities such as mining, industrial discharge, and wastewater treatment plants. As a result, understanding the sources and aspects of metal contamination are critical for determining their relationship with MPs and developing effective strategies for mitigating their impact on aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Lan Huong Nguyen
- Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Lim Duong
- Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Huong Thuy Nguyen
- Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Quan Dang
- Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Hue Nguyen
- Institute of Geography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Nhiem Dao
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam; Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Kien Trung Nguyen
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Cong Dien Duong
- Institute of Mechanics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 264 Doi Can, Ba Dinh, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngo Nghia Pham
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Bac Quang Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam; Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Range D, Scherer C, Stock F, Ternes TA, Hoffmann TO. Hydro-geomorphic perspectives on microplastic distribution in freshwater river systems: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120567. [PMID: 37716300 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater river systems are commonly defined as the main transport paths of microplastics (MP) from land into the seas. A shift in research interest from oceans to rivers can be observed, as a large number of i) case studies, ii) review papers and iii) experimental studies in this field have been published recently. Still, studies often lack an in-depth consideration of quantification, as units are mostly based on item numbers. Spatiotemporal aspects are often neglected. Transport paths linking MP sources and sinks in the environment are insufficiently understood and only recently the awareness increased that sustainable management of the MP pollution cannot be addressed without a sound knowledge of water- and sediment-driven MP transport. Within this review paper, we therefore i) reviewed 92 MP case-studies, with a special focus on spatiotemporal aspects and ii) gathered and compared global load-estimation data from these studies. We then outlined the key processes determining MP movement in rivers on the basis of existing laboratory experiments and theoretical approaches. A procedure to effectively compare units of MP in the water column and in riverine sediments was developed on the basis of i) an extensive MP-dataset in German waterways and ii) suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) of nearest monitoring stations of the German water and shipping authority. Our analysis indicates that relating MP in water samples to SSC reduces the often stated large difference between MP concentrations in the water column and bed sediments and therefore relativizes the importance of river beds as a major "MP sink". As for a quantification of MP fluxes, the use of MP masses as unit is crucial, we applied an approach to convert MP items to masses with the help of i) a power-law distribution of MP-particle size, triangular distributions of ii) form-ratios and iii) polymer densities. An evaluation with an own, extensive dataset of MP-particles showed reasonable results. Therefore, we translated global load data from item numbers to mass values for further analysis. Values were within a reasonable range, especially when considering the respective catchment size of each river at the sampling site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Range
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz 56068, Germany.
| | | | | | - Thomas A Ternes
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz 56068, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Vidal A, Phuong NN, Métais I, Gasperi J, Châtel A. Assessment of microplastic contamination in the Loire River (France) throughout analysis of different biotic and abiotic freshwater matrices. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122167. [PMID: 37437763 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of microplastics (MP) in freshwater environments represent a major way for the MP transport in the environment. The assessment of MP pollution in freshwater compartments is then important to visualize the pressure and the impacts on medium, and to set up necessary measures. In this context, this study focused on the influence of anthropogenic activities of a medium French city (Angers) on MP levels in samples collected from the Loire River, the longest river in France. Abiotic and biotic matrices were collected upstream and downstream Angers. A first analysis was performed based on microscopy to determine the size, colour and shape of suspected MP and a complementary analysis by μ-FTIR (micro-Fourier Transform InfraRed) was conducted to determine the composition of plastic particles. Three organisms belonging to different trophic levels were studied: when the MP level was expressed per individual, the lowest abundance of MP was found in Tubifex sp. Followed by Corbicula fluminea, while the highest was measured in Anguilla anguilla. To establish the relationship with their habitat, the presence of MP in sediment and water was also analysed. Therefore, this works constitutes a complete overview of the MP levels in freshwater abiotic and biotic matrices. Overall, the presence of MP in analysed samples did not follow a particular pattern, neither in the sites nor matrices: the characteristics depending on a multifactorial outcome (feeding mode, organism size …). However, correlation of MP pattern between clams and sediment was quite evident, while the one between worms and their habitat was not. This demonstrates the relevance of investigating plastic contamination both in biotic and abiotic matrices. Finally, a standardisation of sampling and analytical analysis protocols would be helpful to make comparisons between studies more robust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Vidal
- Laboratoire BIOSSE, Université Catholique de L'Ouest (UCO), 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France.
| | - Ngoc-Nam Phuong
- Laboratoire Eau et Environnement, Université Gustave Eiffel, Allée des Ponts et Chaussées, 44340, Bouguenais, France
| | - Isabelle Métais
- Laboratoire BIOSSE, Université Catholique de L'Ouest (UCO), 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Johnny Gasperi
- Laboratoire Eau et Environnement, Université Gustave Eiffel, Allée des Ponts et Chaussées, 44340, Bouguenais, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire BIOSSE, Université Catholique de L'Ouest (UCO), 3 Place André Leroy, 49100, Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cordova MR, Ulumuddin YI, Lubis AA, Kaisupy MT, Wibowo SPA, Subandi R, Yogaswara D, Purbonegoro T, Renyaan J, Nurdiansah D, Sugiharto U, Shintianata D, Meiliastri SS, Andini FP, Suratno, Ilman M, Anggoro AW, Basir, Cragg SM. Microplastics leaving a trace in mangrove sediments ever since they were first manufactured: A study from Indonesia mangroves. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115517. [PMID: 37690405 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove environments have been well recognized as marine litter traps. However, it is unclear whether mangrove sediments sink microplastics more effectively than other marine sediments due to active sedimentation. Furthermore, microplastics archives in mangrove sediments may provide quantitative data on the impact of human activities on environmental pollution throughout history. Microplastic abundance varied markedly between high and low anthropogenic activities. Both mangrove and adjacent mudflats sediments act as microplastic sequesters, despite having similar microplastic abundances and depth profiles. The decreasing trend of microplastics was observed until the sediment layers dated to the first-time plastic was manufactured in Indonesia, in the early 1950s, but microplastics remained present beneath those layers, indicating the downward movements. This discovery highlighted the significance of mangrove sediments as microplastic sinks. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms of microplastic deposition in sediments, as well as their fate and potential impact on mangrove sediment dwellers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Reza Cordova
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia.
| | - Yaya Ihya Ulumuddin
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Ali Arman Lubis
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No.49, Jakarta 12630, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Taufik Kaisupy
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Singgih Prasetyo Adi Wibowo
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Riyana Subandi
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Deny Yogaswara
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Triyoni Purbonegoro
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Jeverson Renyaan
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Doni Nurdiansah
- Research Center for Oceanography, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN Kawasan Ancol Jl Pasir Putih 1, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Untung Sugiharto
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No.49, Jakarta 12630, Indonesia
| | - Dienda Shintianata
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No.49, Jakarta 12630, Indonesia
| | - Sonia Saraswati Meiliastri
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No.49, Jakarta 12630, Indonesia
| | - Faza Putri Andini
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No.49, Jakarta 12630, Indonesia
| | - Suratno
- Research Center for Food Technology and Processing, The Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency, Gading IV Playen Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Ilman
- Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara, Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya No.66C, Jakarta 12160, Indonesia
| | - Aji Wahyu Anggoro
- Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara, Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya No.66C, Jakarta 12160, Indonesia
| | - Basir
- Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara, Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya No.66C, Jakarta 12160, Indonesia
| | - Simon M Cragg
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; Centre for Blue Governance, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Qi H, Liu M, Ye J, Wang J, Cui Y, Zhou Y, Chen P, Ke H, Wang C, Cai M. Microplastics in the Taiwan Strait and adjacent sea: Spatial variations and lateral transport. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 191:106182. [PMID: 37729853 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the distribution, structural properties, and potential impacts of oceanic processes on microplastics (MPs) in the Taiwan Strait (TWS) and surrounding seas. With an average of 174 particles/m3, the MP abundance in surface seawater ranged from 84 to 389 particles/m3. MP abundance ranged from 16 to 382 particles/kg in sediments, with a median of 121 particles/kg. Fragment and fiber were the two most frequently detected shapes. These MPs were found to be composed primarily of carbon and oxygen elements at 70-90% levels using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Additionally, several examples had trace levels of metallic components. Black was the color that MPs saw the most often out of all the hues. The two main types of polymers are polyester and rayon, and their production is influenced by home sewage discharge and synthetic fiber production. The main routes of MP transport were land source input, riverine input, and oceanic currents. This study showed that salinity affects the distribution of MPs, with high-salinity seawater serving to saturate their presence. On the other hand, upwelling raises MP concentrations by bringing nutrients from the deep to the surface. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the dilution of the Pearl River plume increases the MP prevalence in the region. The South China Sea Warm Current had the highest lateral MPs transport flux (2.1 × 1014 particles/y), which was followed by the Taiwan Strait Current area (1.0 × 1014 particles/y) and the Guangdong coastal areas (8.6 × 1013 particles/y). In sediments, the MP prevalence was inversely correlated with particle size. Flocculation processes probably made it easier for MPs to travel down the water column and deposit themselves on the aquatic substrate. Although the relationship between MPs, total organic carbon, and total organic nitrogen was not correlated, a favorable trend showed that MPs may discreetly contribute to carbon storage in coastal sediment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiandong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Junge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yaozong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Piao Chen
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hongwei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Minggang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Department of Biological Technology, Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen, 361102, China; Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Honarmandrad Z, Kaykhaii M, Gębicki J. Microplastics removal from aqueous environment by metal organic frameworks. BMC Chem 2023; 17:122. [PMID: 37735691 PMCID: PMC10514943 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-01032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of recent research performed on the applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for microplastics (MPs) removal from aqueous environments. MPs pollution has become a major environmental concern due to its negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Therefore, developing effective and sustainable methods for removing them from aqueous environments is crucial. In recent years, MOFs have emerged as a promising solution for this purpose due to their unique properties such as high surface area, renewability, chemical stability, and versatility. Moreover, their specific properties such as their pore size and chemical composition can be tailored to enhance their efficiency in removing MPs. It has been shown that MOFs can effectively adsorb MPs from aqueous media in the range of 70-99.9%. Besides some high price concerns, the main drawback of using MOFs is their powder form which can pose challenges due to their instability. This can be addressed by supporting MOFs on other substrates such as aerogels or foams. Meanwhile, there is a need for more research to investigate the long-term stability of MOFs in aqueous environments and developing efficient regeneration methods for their repeated use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhila Honarmandrad
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland
| | - Massoud Kaykhaii
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland.
| | - Jacek Gębicki
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Feng Q, An C, Chen Z, Lee K, Wang Z. Identification of the driving factors of microplastic load and morphology in estuaries for improving monitoring and management strategies: A global meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122014. [PMID: 37336353 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are one of the primary pathways for transferring microplastics (MPs) from the land to the ocean. A comprehensive understanding of the load, morphological characteristics, driving factors, and potential risks of MPs in estuaries is imperative to inform reliable management in this critical transboundary area. Extracted from 135 publications, a global meta-analysis comprising 1477 observations and 124 estuaries was conducted. MP abundance in estuaries was tremendously variable, reaching a mean of 21,342.43 ± 122,557.53 items/m3 in water and 1312.79 ± 6295.73 items/kg in sediment. Fibers and fragments take up a majority proportion in estuaries. Polyester, polypropylene, and polyethylene are the most detected MP types. Around 68.73% and 85.51% of MPs detected in water and sediment are smaller than 1 μm. The redundancy analysis revealed that the explanatory factors influencing the morphological characteristics of MPs differed between water and sediment. Regression analysis shows that MP abundance in water is significantly inversely correlated with mesh/filter size, per capita plastic waste, and the Human Development Index, whereas it is significantly positively correlated with population density and share of global mismanaged plastic waste. MP abundance in sediment significantly positively correlated with aridity index and probability of plastic entering the ocean, while significantly negatively correlated with mesh/filter size. Analysis based on Geodector identified that the extraction method, density of flotation fluid, and sampling depth are the top three explanatory factors for MP abundance in water, while the share of global mismanaged plastic waste, the probability of plastic being emitted into the ocean, and population density are the top three explanatory factors for MP abundance in sediment. In the studied estuaries, 46.75% of the water and 2.74% of the sediment are categorized into extremely high levels of pollution, while 73.08% of the water and 43.48% of the sediment belong to class V of the potential ecological index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Chunjiang An
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada.
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ecosystem Science, Ottawa, K1A 0E6, Canada
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dichgans F, Boos JP, Ahmadi P, Frei S, Fleckenstein JH. Integrated numerical modeling to quantify transport and fate of microplastics in the hyporheic zone. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120349. [PMID: 37482004 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the significance of rivers and streams as pathways for microplastics (MP) entering the marine environment, limited research has been conducted on the behavior of MP within fluvial systems. Specifically, there is a lack of understanding regarding the infiltration and transport dynamics of MP across the streambed interface and within the hyporheic sediments. In this study, transport and retention of MP are investigated using a new numerical modeling approach. The model is built as a digital twin of accompanying flume experiments, which are used to validate the simulation results. The model accurately represents particle transport in turbulent water flow and within the hyporheic zone (HZ). Simulations for transport and infiltration of 1 µm MP particles into a sandy streambed demonstrate that the advection-dispersion equation can be used to adequately represent particle transport for pore-scale sized MP within the HZ. To assess the applicability of the modeling framework for larger MP, the experiment was repeated using 10 µm particles. The larger particles exhibited delayed infiltration and transport behavior, and while the model successfully represented the spatial extent of particle transport through the HZ, it was unable to fully replicate hyporheic transit times. This study is the first to combine explicit validation against experimental data, encompassing qualitative observations of MP concentration patterns and quantification of fluxes. By that, it significantly contributes to our understanding of MP transport processes in fluvial systems. The study also highlights the advantages and limitations of employing a fully integrated modeling approach to investigate the transport and retention behavior of MP in rivers and streams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franz Dichgans
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Hydrogeology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jan-Pascal Boos
- Department of Hydrology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Pouyan Ahmadi
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Hydrogeology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven Frei
- Department of Hydrology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jan H Fleckenstein
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Hydrogeology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Hydrologic Modeling Unit, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu F, Rasmussen LA, Klemmensen NDR, Zhao G, Nielsen R, Vianello A, Rist S, Vollertsen J. Shapes of Hyperspectral Imaged Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12431-12441. [PMID: 37561646 PMCID: PMC10448723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Shape matters for microplastics, but its definition, particularly for hyperspectral imaged microplastics, remains ambiguous and inexplicit, leading to incomparability across data. Hyperspectral imaging is a common approach for quantification, yet no unambiguous microplastic shape classification exists. We conducted an expert-based survey and proposed a set of clear and concise shapes (fiber, rod, ellipse, oval, sphere, quadrilateral, triangle, free-form, and unidentifiable). The categories were validated on images of 11,042 microplastics from four environmental compartments (seven matrices: indoor air; wastewater influent, effluent, and sludge; marine water; stormwater; and stormwater pond sediments), by inviting five experts to score each shape. We found that the proposed shapes were well defined, representative, and distinguishable to the human eye, especially for fiber and sphere. Ellipse, oval, and rod were though less distinguishable but dominated in all water and solid matrices. Indoor air held more unidentifiable, an abstract shape that appeared mostly for particles below 30 μm. This study highlights the need for assessing the recognizability of chosen shape categories prior to reporting data. Shapes with a clear and stringent definition would increase comparability and reproducibility across data and promote harmonization in microplastic research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Lasse A. Rasmussen
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Guohan Zhao
- Research
Centre for Built Environment, Energy, Water and Climate, VIA University College, 8700 Horsens, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Nielsen
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Alvise Vianello
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Sinja Rist
- National
Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical
University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jes Vollertsen
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Feng Q, Chen Z, An C, Yang X, Wang Z. Tide-induced infiltration and resuspension of microplastics in shorelines: Insights from tidal tank experiments. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 236:119970. [PMID: 37084574 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the infiltration and resuspension of microplastics (MPs) in a slope substrate under the influence of repeated tidal forces were investigated using a tidal tank. In the scenario in which MPs were placed on the top of the slope, increasing numbers of particles were observed on the water surface with the increase in tidal cycles. More particles of smaller equivalent particle diameter (dMP) and low density floated to the water surface. The horizontal positions (positive toward the lower tide zone) of MPs showed significant positive correlation with the shortest length c of MPs, MP density, MP weight, dMP, and Corey shape factor, whereas they showed significant negative correlation with the rate of tidal level change and the longest length a of MPs. The vertical positions (positive in the downward direction) of MPs showed significant positive correlation with the shortest length c of MPs, MP density, MP weight, dMP, and Corey shape factor, while they demonstrated significant negative correlation with the largest cross-section area and surface tension of MPs. In the scenario in which MPs were placed at the bottom of the tank, the smaller and low-density particles had a higher possibility of moving upward to the water surface under repeated tidal forces. High-density particles also migrated to the water surface due to the surface tension force. Further, a lower rate of tidal level change contributed to more floating of particles. The horizontal positions of MPs showed significant positive correlation with MP density, while they demonstrated significant negative correlation with the largest cross-section area and surface tension of MPs. The vertical positions of MPs showed significant positive correlation with the longest length a of MPs, MP density, MP weight, and dMP. These results imply that large, high-density, and less flatty particles tend to be distributed in the lower tidal zone and deeper substrate layers. These findings can help understand the redistribution of MPs and assess their risk in the shoreline environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Chunjiang An
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1M8, Canada.
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1M8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Constant M, Alary C, Weiss L, Constant A, Billon G. Trapped microplastics within vertical redeposited sediment: Experimental study simulating lake and channeled river systems during resuspension events. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121212. [PMID: 36740164 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste and its fragments (microplastics; <5 mm) have been observed in almost all types of environments. However, the mechanisms underlying the flow and transport processes of plastics are unknown. This is particularly valid for river sediments, where complex interactions occur between particles and influence their vertical and horizontal distribution patterns. In this study, we investigated the vertical redistribution of 14 pristine microplastics (MPs) with different densities, sizes, and shapes within disturbed sediment without lateral transport (i.e., low-velocity flow). MPs were spiked into sediments (height: 8 cm) in a column with a height of 1 m (diameter: 6 cm) filled to the top with water. The sediment was perturbed by turning the column upside-down to simulate remobilization and the subsequent deposition of sediment. After the complete sedimentation of the particles, the water column was filtered and the sediment was cut into vertical sections. MPs were then extracted from the sediment using sieves and a density separation method, and were counted under a stereomicroscope. Low-density polymers were mainly recovered in the water column and at the surface of the sediment, whereas high-density polymers were found within all sediment sections. The vertical distribution of high-density polymers changes primarily with the sediment grain size. The distribution of each polymer type changes depending on the size and/or shape of the particles with complex interactions. The observed distributions were compared with the expected distributions based only on the vertical velocity formulas. Overall, the formulas used did not explain the sedimentation of a portion of low-density polymers and predicted a lower distribution in the sediment than those observed in the experiment. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of considering MPs as multi-dimensional particles and provides clues to understand their fate in low-velocity flow systems, considering that they undergo scavenging in sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mel Constant
- Univ. Lille, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Artois, Junia, ULR 4515 - LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Claire Alary
- Univ. Lille, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Artois, Junia, ULR 4515 - LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Lisa Weiss
- Université de Toulouse III, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UMR 5566 - LEGOS, Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, F-31400, Toulouse, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, IUEM, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, UMR 6523 - LOPS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Alix Constant
- Univ. Lille, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Artois, Junia, ULR 4515 - LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Gabriel Billon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Vermeiren P, Ikejima K, Uchida Y, C Muñoz C. Microplastic distribution among estuarine sedimentary habitats utilized by intertidal crabs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161400. [PMID: 36610621 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The high accumulation potential of estuaries for plastics, particularly microplastics, poses a threat to the high societal value and biodiversity they provide. To support a spatially refined evaluation of the risk that microplastic pollution poses to fauna utilizing estuarine sedimentary habitats, we investigated the distribution of microplastics (lower limit of quantification, LOQ = 62 μm) at the sediment surface of two dominant habitats, and subsequently compared microplastic burdens between two crabs species utilizing these habitats. Microplastics were dominated by low density polyolefins (45-50 %), comparable to the polymer composition of macroplastics. The vast majority (99 %) of microplastics were ≤1 mm, and increased exponentially (with an exponent of 2.7) in abundance at smaller sizes, hinting at three-dimensional fragmentation. Our results suggest that the presence of vegetation needs to be accounted for in risk assessments with small microplastics (≥62 μm and ≤1 mm) on average 2.6 times more prevalent within reed beds compared to mudflats. Additionally, sediment properties also play a role with an exponential decrease in small microplastic abundance at coarser sediments, increased organic matter content, and decreased water content. These results suggest that at specific locations, such as the study area, local sources can provide a substantial contribution to microplastic contamination. To translate these habitat- and site-specific differences into a risk assessment relevant for macroinvertebrates, ecological traits such as differences in feeding modes should be accounted for, as we found substantial differences in both size and abundance of microplastics in gastrointestinal tracts of two crab species, Chiromantes dehaani and Chasmagnathus convexus, with different feeding modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vermeiren
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Kou Ikejima
- Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, 200 Otsu, Monobe, Nankoku City, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Yurina Uchida
- Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, 200 Otsu, Monobe, Nankoku City, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - Cynthia C Muñoz
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ranjan VP, Joseph A, Sharma HB, Goel S. Preliminary investigation on effects of size, polymer type, and surface behaviour on the vertical mobility of microplastics in a porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161148. [PMID: 36572318 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the ubiquitous nature of microplastic (MP), knowledge of its fate and migration in subsurface environments like soil becomes extremely important to understand underlying ecological risk. The fate and migration of MP in subterranean settings like sand are governed by the retention/transport properties influenced by the interaction of sand and MPs. In this study, sand column experiments under simulated rainfall conditions were conducted for 180 days to assess the vertical migration of mixed MPs consisting of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Sand column experiments were subjected to 60 wet-dry cycles over 180 days. The effects of polymer type, microplastic size, sand particle size, and surface roughness on the migration of MPs were evaluated. Results showed that the smallest-sized fragmented PE particles had the highest migration potential compared to PET and PE. The ratios of the diameters of MP particles and sand particles (dMP/dsand) played a significant role in determining the penetration depth of the various sizes of MPs. The MP particles with dMP/dsand 0.11 showed greater penetration depth in sand media and were detected in the column effluent water after 60 days of a column run. In addition, surface roughness, low ionic strength water, irregularly shaped particles, and wet and dry cycles contributed to the migration of MPs in the sand column. Three new absorbance peaks corresponding to the hydroxyl, CO stretch, and carbonyl groups evolved in the extracted PE MPs sample from different depths, as shown by FTIR analysis, suggesting that PE MPs had been oxidised. XPS analysis revealed changes in the surface properties of the MPs, indicating that oxidation occurred at the top layer, causing structural deterioration of the PE MPs. However, oxidation of the surface bonds was restricted in the layers underneath due to a lack of oxygen. The finding of the study suggests that in a natural environment, such accumulation and migration of MPs in sandy soil can increase the possibilities to the underlying groundwater contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ved Prakash Ranjan
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
| | - Anuja Joseph
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Hari Bhakta Sharma
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Majitar, Rangpo, Sikkim 737136, India
| | - Sudha Goel
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li NY, Qu JH, Yang JY. Microplastics distribution and microbial community characteristics of farmland soil under different mulch methods. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130408. [PMID: 36455321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of plastic film in agricultural production has resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of residual plastic film in the soil, and most of the plastic residuals eventually break up into microplastics (MPs). However, the effects of different film mulching methods on the soil ecosystems are largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the MPs distribution and the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure in the farmland soil tillage layer covered with different mulching method of film. The results indicate that the film mulching method had no significant effect on the soil pH and organic matter content, however, the respiration intensity of the soil covered with mulching film (MF) (60.11-84.99 μg/g) and shed film (SF) (56.10-65.68 μg/g) was significantly higher than that covered with shed film & mulching film (SMF) (17.25-39.16 μg/g). The MPs abundance in the soil covered with MF (1367 particles/kg soil) was significantly higher than that covered with SF (800 particles/kg soil) and slightly higher than that with SMF (1000 particles/kg soil). The small-sized (0-0.5 mm) MPs abundance was increased with the tillage layer depth (0-20 cm), while the large-sized (1-5 mm) MPs abundance was the opposite. In addition, in the soil covered with agricultural film, the dominant phylum and genera of the bacteria were Proteobacteria (relative abundance was 64.06 %) and Pseudomonas (13.16 %), respectively. In the soil without agricultural film application as a control treatment, the diversity of the soil bacterial community was higher than that in the soil covered with agricultural film, and the relative abundances of the top 10 genera were all less than 5 %. Overall, this study provides essential information for understanding the effects of different film mulching methods on the agricultural systems. Overall, this study provides essential information for understanding the effects of different film mulching methods on the distribution of MPs and the biogeochemical properties of farmland soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ying Li
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jia-Hui Qu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li M, He L, Hsieh L, Rong H, Tong M. Transport of plastic particles in natural porous media under freeze-thaw treatment: Effects of porous media property. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130084. [PMID: 36206711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-thaw (FT) cycles would alter physical and chemical properties of soil and thus influence the transport of plastic particles (one type of emerging contaminant with great concerns). This study was designed to investigate the effects of FT treatment on the mobility of plastic particles (nanoplastics as representative) in columns packed with natural soils (i.e. loamy sand and sandy soil, quartz sand employed as comparison). We found that FT treatment of different types of porous media would induce different transport behaviors of plastic particles. Specifically, FT treatment of quartz sand did not affect plastic particles mobility. While FT treatment of loamy sand and sandy soil increased plastic particles transport. The increased pore sizes and disintegration of small soil particles from soils (the detached soil would serve as mobile vehicle for the transport of plastic particle) led to the facilitated mobility of plastic particles in two types of soils after FT treatment. The presence of preferential flow paths induced by FT treatment also drove to the enhanced mobility of plastic particles in sandy soil with FT treatment. This study clearly showed that the mobility of model plastic particles in two types of natural soils was greatly enhanced by FT treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; Currently at Department of Forensic Science, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Lei He
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Lichun Hsieh
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Haifeng Rong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cohen N, Radian A. Microplastic Textile Fibers Accumulate in Sand and Are Potential Sources of Micro(nano)plastic Pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17635-17642. [PMID: 36475681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soils have been identified as sinks for microplastic fibers; however, little information is available on their long-term fate in these soils. In this study, polyester and nylon fibers were precisely cut to relevant environmental lengths, using novel methodology, and their behavior in sand columns was studied at environmental concentration. The longer fibers (>50 μm) accumulated in the upper layers of the sand, smaller fibers were slightly more mobile, and nylon showed marginally higher mobility than polyester. Previous studies have overlooked changes in microplastic morphology due to transport in soil. Our study is the first to show that fibers exhibited breakage, peeling, and thinning under flow conditions in soil, releasing smaller, more mobile fragments. Furthermore, the peelings exhibited different adsorption properties compared to the core fiber. This suggests that microplastic fibers can become a source of smaller micro(nano)plastics and potential vectors for certain molecules, risking continuous contamination of nearby soils, surfaces, and groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirrit Cohen
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Adi Radian
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dhivert E, Phuong NN, Mourier B, Grosbois C, Gasperi J. Microplastic trapping in dam reservoirs driven by complex hydrosedimentary processes (Villerest Reservoir, Loire River, France). WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119187. [PMID: 36215834 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dam reservoirs can strongly influence the spatial distribution of sediment pollution by microplastics (MP). The Villerest reservoir (Loire River, 36 km long) is a good candidate to study the relationship between MP pollution and hydrosedimentary processes. Sediments were collected from the dam-controlled river section and from 3 km downstream. Geomorphological and sedimentological analyses were performed and microplastics were analysed using µFTIR imaging (polymer identification for particle sizes ≥ 25 µm). This paper highlights strong MP levels (on an order of 104 items/kg dw) over the section characterized by fine-grained sediments (FGS). In coarse-grained sediments (CGS), at the upstream part of the reservoir and downstream of the dam, levels are one order of magnitude lower. FGS are indicator of long-time settling processes. Such conditions lead to foster the MP trapping as low-density suspended materials in the water column. CGS deposits originate from the river bed load. These sediments are transported in high-velocity and high-turbulent flow conditions. Moreover, post-depositional reworking of the finest fraction can occur according to hydrofluctuations. Here are adverse conditions for the MP trapping. The polymer diversity is also higher in FGS than in CGS. However, the range of plastic particle sizes is similar in FGS and CGS and is not related to the sediment grain-size distribution. Moreover, in both FGS and CGS, the polymer abundance is not correlated with the grain-size distribution or with the organic matter content. In the reservoir context, a change in the polymer partition appears over the FGS section in the downstream direction, depending on the polymer density. From a fundamental point of view, this work contributes to improving our understanding of the key role played by hydrosedimentary processes in MP repartition. These findings also have operational scopes, providing significant elements to advocate for a better consideration of MP pollution during sediment management operations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Dhivert
- University of Tours, EA 6293 GéoHydrosystèmes continentaux, Tours F-37200, France
| | - N N Phuong
- GERS-LEE, University Gustave Eiffel, Bouguenais F-44344, France
| | - B Mourier
- CNRS, ENTPE, University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Vaulx-en-Velin F-69518, France
| | - C Grosbois
- University of Tours, EA 6293 GéoHydrosystèmes continentaux, Tours F-37200, France
| | - J Gasperi
- GERS-LEE, University Gustave Eiffel, Bouguenais F-44344, France.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tumwet FC, Serbe R, Kleint T, Scheytt T. Effect of fragmentation on the transport of polyvinyl chloride and low-density polyethylene in saturated quartz sand. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155657. [PMID: 35513138 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are an obstinate pollutant in terrestrial environments, posing a risk to the subsurface soil matrix and potentially to groundwater. In this study, the transport and retention behaviour of two major plastic polymers, 125-300 μm Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic fragments and 300 μm Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) spherical particles, were explored in saturated quartz sand (1.6-2.0 mm) columns. The PVC used in this study represented secondary microplastics, while the LDPE represented primary microplastics. Retention profiles at different ultrapure water flow rates (2.0-3.5 ml/min) were compared and analysed. At the beginning and end of each column test, the microplastic particles were scrutinized, identified, and quantified by light microscopy. The results showed that the transport distance of microplastic particles increased with their decreasing diameter. Small-sized PVC microplastic particles, whose morphology was more 1-dimensional, were more susceptible to fragmentation within the column, promoting migration. Spherical LDPE remained at their initial position without fragmenting. Microplastic degradation into fragments appeared to play an important role in improving the movement of particles. This study offers initial indications of infiltration depths and shape-dependent fragmentation of secondary microplastics in coarse sand based on the lab experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faith Chebet Tumwet
- Chair of Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry, Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (TU Bergakademie Freiberg), 09599 Freiberg, Germany; Zittau Institute for Process Development, Recycling Management, Surface Technology, and Natural Substance Research (ZIRKON), University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz (HSZG), 02763 Zittau, Germany.
| | - Rebecca Serbe
- Chair of Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry, Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (TU Bergakademie Freiberg), 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Tomas Kleint
- Zittau Institute for Process Development, Recycling Management, Surface Technology, and Natural Substance Research (ZIRKON), University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz (HSZG), 02763 Zittau, Germany
| | - Traugott Scheytt
- Chair of Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry, Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (TU Bergakademie Freiberg), 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|