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Chen W, Yu S, Zhang H, Wei R, Ni J, Farooq U, Qi Z. Biochar-derived organic carbon promoting the dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and its molecular size effects: Synergies of dipole-dipole and conjugate bases. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 259:121812. [PMID: 38810344 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The environmental effects of biochar-derived organic carbon (BDOC) have attracted increasing attention. Nevertheless, it is unknown how BDOC might affect the natural attenuation of widely distributed chloroalkanes (e.g., 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TeCA)) in aqueous environments. We firstly observed that the kinetic constants (ke) of TeCA dehydrochlorination in the presence of BDOC samples or their different molecular size fractions (<1 kDa, 1∼10 kDa, and >10 kDa) ranged from 9.16×103 to 26.63×103 M-1h-1, which was significantly greater than the ke (3.53×103 M-1h-1) of TeCA dehydrochlorination in the aqueous solution at pH 8.0, indicating that BDOC samples and their different molecular size fractions all could promote TeCA dehydrochlorination. For a given BDOC sample, the kinetic constants (ke) of TeCA dehydrochlorination in the initial pH 9.0 solution was 2∼3 times greater than that in the initial pH 8.0 solution due to more formation of conjugate bases. Interestingly, their DOC concentration normalized kinetic constants (ke/[DOC]) were negatively correlated with SUVA254, and positively correlated with A220/A254 and the abundance of aromatic protein-like/polyphenol-like matters. A novel mechanism was proposed that the CH dipole of BDOC aliphatic structure first bound with the CCl dipole of TeCA to capture the TeCA molecule, then the conjugate bases (-NH-/-NH2 and deprotonated phenol-OH of BDOC) could attack the H atom attached to the β-C atom of bound TeCA, causing a CCl bond breaking and the trichloroethylene formation. Furthermore, a fraction of >1 kDa had significantly greater ke/[DOC] values of TeCA dehydrochlorination than the fraction of <1 kDa because >1 kDa fraction had higher aliphiticity (more dipole-dipole sites) as well as more N-containing species and aromatic protein-like/polyphenol-like matters (more conjugate bases). The results are helpful for profoundly understanding the BDOC-mediated natural attenuation and fate change of chloroalkanes in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Chen
- Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Shuhan Yu
- Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Usman Farooq
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhichong Qi
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Zhang Z, Cui X, Qu X, Fu H, Tao S, Zhu D. Revealing Molecular Structures of Nitrogen-Containing Compounds in Dissolved Black Carbon Using Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Combined with Thermodynamic Calculations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11998-12007. [PMID: 38935345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Landscape wildfires generate a substantial amount of dissolved black carbon (DBC) annually, yet the molecular nitrogen (N) structures in DBC are poorly understood. Here, we systematically compared the chemodiversity of N-containing molecules among three different DBC samples from rice straw biochar pyrolyzed at 300, 400, and 500 °C, one leached dissolved organic carbon (LDOC) sample from composted rice straw, and one fire-affected soil dissolved organic matter (SDOMFire) sample using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). N-Containing molecules contributed 20.0%, 36.1%, and 43.7% of total compounds in Combined DBC (pooling together the three DBC), LDOC, and SDOMFire, respectively, and molecules with fewer N atoms had higher proportions (i.e., N1 > N2 > N3). The N-containing molecules in Combined DBC were dominated by polycyclic aromatic (62.2%) and aromatic (14.4%) components, while those in LDOC were dominated by lignin-like (50.4%) and aromatic (30.1%) components. The composition and structures of N-containing molecules in SDOMFire were more similar to those in DBC than in LDOC. As the temperature rose, the proportion of the nitrogenous polycyclic aromatic component in DBC significantly increased with concurrent enhanced oxidation and unsaturation of N. As indicated by density functional theory (DFT)-based thermodynamic calculations, the proportion of aliphatic amide N decreased from 23.2% to 7.9%, whereas that of nitroaromatic N increased from 10.0% to 39.5% as the temperature increased from 300 to 500 °C; alternatively, the proportion of aromatic N in the 5/6 membered ring remained relatively stable (∼31%) and that of aromatic amide N peaked at 400 °C (32.7%). Our work first provides a comprehensive and thorough description of molecular N structures of DBC, which helps to better understand and predict their fate and biogeochemical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiurui Cui
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Heyun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dongqiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Zhang J, Zhou Z, Zeng L, Wang C, Han R, Ren X, Wang W, Xiang M, Chen S, Li H. The molecular binding sequence transformation of soil organic matter and biochar dissolved black carbon antagonizes the transport of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174657. [PMID: 38986700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and dissolved black carbon (DBC) are significant environmental factors that influence the transport of organic pollutants. However, the mechanisms by which their molecular diversity affects pollutant transport remain unclear. This study elucidates the molecular binding sequence and adsorption sites through which DOM/DBC compounds antagonize the transport of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) using column experiments and modelling. DBC exhibits a high TCP adsorption rate (kn = 5.32 × 10-22 mol1-n∙Ln-1∙min-1) and conditional stability constant (logK = 5.19-5.74), indicating a strong binding affinity and antagonistic effect on TCP. This is attributed to the high relative content of lipid/protein compounds in DBC (25.65 % and 30.28 %, respectively). Moreover, the small molecule lipid compounds showed stronger TCP adsorption energy (Ead = -0.0071 eV/-0.0093 eV) in DOM/DBC, combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy model found that DOM/DBC antagonized TCP transport in the environment through binding sequences that transformed from lipid/protein small molecule compounds to lignin/tannin compounds. This study used a multifaceted approach to comprehensively assess the impact of DOM/DBC on TCP transport. It reveals that the molecular diversity of DOM/DBC is a critical factor affecting pollutant transport, providing important insights into the environmental trend and ecological effects of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhikang Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Lingjun Zeng
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Ruixia Han
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Xinlei Ren
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Wenbing Wang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Minghui Xiang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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4
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Wang J, Wu B, Zheng X, Ma J, Yu W, Chen B, Chu C. Insights into the Crystallinity-Dependent Photochemical Productions of Reactive Oxygen Species from Iron Minerals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10623-10631. [PMID: 38781516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Iron minerals are widespread in earth's surface water and soil. Recent studies have revealed that under sunlight irradiation, iron minerals are photoactive on producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of key species in regulating elemental cycling, microbe inactivation, and pollutant degradation. In nature, iron minerals exhibit varying crystallinity under different hydrogeological conditions. While crystallinity is a known key parameter determining the overall activity of iron minerals, the impact of iron mineral crystallinity on photochemical ROS production remains unknown. Here, we assessed the photochemical ROS production from ferrihydrites with different degrees of crystallinity. All examined ferrihydrites demonstrated photoactivity under irradiation, resulting in the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (•OH). The photochemical ROS production from ferrihydrites increased with decreasing ferrihydrite crystallinity. The crystallinity-dependent photochemical •OH production was primarily attributed to conduction band reduction reactions, with the reduction of O2 by conduction band electrons being the rate-limiting key process. Conversely, the crystallinity of iron minerals had a negligible influence on photon-to-electron conversion efficiency or surface Fenton-like activity. The difference in ROS productions led to a discrepant degradation efficiency of organic pollutants on iron mineral surfaces. Our study provides valuable insights into the crystallinity-dependent ROS productions from iron minerals in natural systems, emphasizing the significance of iron mineral photochemistry in natural sites with abundant lower-crystallinity iron minerals such as wetland water and surface soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Binbin Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junye Ma
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wanchao Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chiheng Chu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Chen H, Shan X, Qiu X, Ding L, Liang X, Guo X. High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Combined with Reactive Oxygen Species Reveals Differences in Photoreactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter from Microplastic Sources in Aqueous Environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10334-10346. [PMID: 38805726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs)-derived dissolved organic matter (MPs-DOM) is becoming a non-negligible source of DOM pools in aquatic systems, but there is limited understanding about the photoreactivity of different MPs-DOM. Herein, MPs-DOM from polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), PE, and polypropylene (PP), representing aromatic, biodegradable, and aliphatic plastics, were prepared to examine their photoreactivity. Spectral and high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses revealed that PS/PET/PBAT-DOM contained more unsaturated aromatic components, whereas PE/PP-DOM was richer in saturated aliphatic components. Photodegradation experiments observed that unsaturated aromatic molecules were prone to be degraded compared to saturated aliphatic molecules, leading to a higher degradation of PS/PET/PBAT-DOM than PE/PP-DOM. PS/PET/PBAT-DOM was mainly degraded by hydroxyl (•OH) via attacking unsaturated aromatic structures, whereas PE/PP-DOM by singlet oxygen (1O2) through oxidizing aliphatic side chains. The [•OH]ss was 1.21-1.60 × 10-4 M in PS/PET/PBAT-DOM and 0.97-1.14 × 10-4 M in PE/PP-DOM, while the [1O2]ss was 0.90-1.35 × 10-12 and 0.33-0.44 × 10-12 M, respectively. This contributes to the stronger photoreactivity of PS/PET/PBAT-DOM with a higher unsaturated aromatic degree than PE/PP-DOM. The photodegradation of MPs-DOM reflected a decreasing tendency from aromatic-unsaturated molecules to aliphatic-saturated molecules. Special attention should be paid to the photoreactivity and environmental impacts associated with MPs-DOM containing highly unsaturated aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoling Shan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xinran Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Ding
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xujun Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Rai R, Ranjan R, Kant C, Dhar P. Microplastic and adhesive free, multifunctional, circular economy approach-based biomass-derived drinking straws. iScience 2024; 27:109630. [PMID: 38628968 PMCID: PMC11019268 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Generation of voluminous single-use plastic waste and byproducts from agricultural harvests such as rice straws (RSs) are major global challenges due to their disposal issues, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, and affecting the ecological system with threats to human health. A scalable, low-cost, and eco-friendly strategy for fabricating cellulose-silica-based drinking straws, free from microplastics and adhesive, through strategic valorization of RS is reported. Functionalization by delignification-cum-crosslinking of RS leads to development of straws with high water stability (∼5 days), solvothermal stability (0°C-95°C), tensile strength (128 MPa), low migration values (<60 mg/kg), improved biodegradability (∼126 days) with reduced wettability and hydrophobicity. RS drinking straws show antibacterial, self-cleaning, self-healing, anti-fizzing, reusable, and generate significantly lower carbon footprint (<99.8% and <53.34% global warming potential than metal and polylactic acid straws). Repurposing of agro-wastes from farms to commercially viable drinking straws which biodegrades after its consumption achieves the goal of circular economy and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Rai
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Ranjan
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandra Kant
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prodyut Dhar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhang Y, He R, Sun Y, Zhao J, Zhang X, Wang J, Bildyukevich AV. Influence of microplastics and environmentally persistent free radicals on the ability of biochar components to promote degradation of antibiotics by activated peroxymonosulfate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123827. [PMID: 38574947 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) in sludge can affect the ability of biochar-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade antibiotics. In this work, biochar was prepared by mixing sludge and polystyrene (PS) through hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and high-temperature pyrolysis processes. The resulting biochar was used to activate PMS to degrade ofloxacin (OFX), levofloxacin (LEV), and pefloxacin (PFX). The addition of PS significantly enhanced the ability of biochar/PMS to degrade antibiotics and the levels of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs, 4.59 × 1020 spin/g) due to the decomposition of PS. The addition of PS resulted in a slight decrease in the specific surface area of biochar (2-3 m2/g on average), but a significant increase in the concentration of EPFRs increased the removal efficiency. The activation of PMS by biochar is dominated by free radicals, accounting for about 70%, in which SO4•- and •OH contribute the most and O2•- the least. However, 1O2 contributes 15-20% to the degradation of antibiotics in non-free radical processes. Overall, the process of biochar/PMS degradation of antibiotics is mainly dominated by free radicals, and the effect of non-free radicals is not obvious. Both hydrochar and pyrocarbon samples showed good hydrophilicity, and this property should improve the ability of active sites on biochar to degrade antibiotics. In the HTC process, PS can decompose during hydrochar preparation, with a maximum reduction value of 40.09%. The three-dimension excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM) and total organic carbon (TOC) results show that the protein content in sludge plays a major role in reducing PS, with little effect of polysaccharide and SiO2. There are six to seven degradation intermediates of quinolone antibiotics, which are eventually degraded into CO2, H2O, and inorganic substances. The regeneration experiment showed good reusability of hydrochar and pyrocarbon, further demonstrating the suitability of biochar for the degradation of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhuo Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Rui He
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Yutai Sun
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Xiaozhuan Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Jiqin Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Alexandr V Bildyukevich
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072, Minsk, Surganov str. 13, Belarus.
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Tang N, Guo Y, Zhu Z, Jiang L, Li N, Hu T, Lu L, Zhang J, Li X, Liang J. New Insights into Aggregation Behaviors of the UV-Irradiated Dissolved Biochars (DBioCs) in Aqueous Environments: Effects of Water Chemistries and Variation in the Hamaker Constant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8053-8064. [PMID: 38662987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The aggregation behavior of ubiquitous dissolved black carbon (DBC) largely affects the fate and transport of its own contaminants and the attached contaminants. However, the photoaging processes and resulting effects on its colloidal stability remain yet unknown. Herein, dissolved biochars (DBioCs) were extracted from common wheat straw biochar as a proxy for an anthropogenic DBC. The influences of UV radiation on their aggregation kinetics were systematically investigated under various water chemistries (pH, electrolytes, and protein). The environmental stability of the DBioCs before and after radiation was further verified in two natural water samples. Hamaker constants of pristine and photoaged DBioCs were derived according to Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) prediction, and its attenuation (3.19 ± 0.15 × 10-21 J to 1.55 ± 0.07 × 10-21 J after 7 days of radiation) was described with decay kinetic models. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the surface properties and aggregation behaviors of DBioCs were significantly correlated with radiation time (p < 0.05), indicating its profound effects. Based on characterization and experimental results, we proposed a three-stage mechanism (contended by photodecarboxylation, photo-oxidation, and mineral exposure) that DBioCs might experience under UV radiation. These findings would provide an important reference for potential phototransformation processes and relevant behavioral changes that DBC may encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Ziqian Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Longbo Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Lan Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
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9
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Dou J, Su X, Wu J, Li S, Dai H, Liu M, Tang Y, Lu Z, Xu J, He Y. Peroxydisulfate-Driven Reductive Dechlorination as Affected by Soil Constituents: Free Radical Formation and Conversion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8065-8075. [PMID: 38597221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
We report a previously unrecognized but efficient reductive degradation pathway in peroxydisulfate (PDS)-driven soil remediation. With supplements of naturally occurring low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) in anaerobic biochar-activated PDS systems, degradation rates of 12 γ-hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH)-spiked soils boosted from 40% without LMWOAs to a maximum of 99% with 1 mM malic acid. Structural analysis revealed that an increase in α-hydroxyl groups and a diminution in pKa1 values of LMWOAs facilitated the formation of reductive carboxyl anion radicals (COO•-) via electrophilic attack by SO4•-/•OH. Furthermore, degradation kinetics were strongly correlated with soil organic matter (SOM) contents than iron minerals. Combining a newly developed in situ fluorescence detector of reductive radicals with quenching experiments, we showed that for soils with high, medium, and low SOM contents, dominant reactive species switched from singlet oxygen/semiquinone radicals to SO4•-/•OH and then to COO•- (contribution increased from 30.8 to 66.7%), yielding superior HCH degradation. Validation experiments using SOM model compounds highlighted critical roles of redox-active moieties, such as phenolic - OH and quinones, in radical formation and conversion. Our study provides insights into environmental behaviors related to radical activation of persulfate in a broader soil horizon and inspiration for more advanced reduction technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Dou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Su
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiaxiong Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hengyi Dai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhijiang Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Geology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Jianming Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China
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10
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Xie H, Li Q, Wang M, Feng Y, Wang B. Unraveling the photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter derived from hydrothermal carbonization process water: Insights from molecular transformation and photoactive species. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133946. [PMID: 38442603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization process water (HTPW) has been utilized as a substitute for chemical fertilizers in agricultural applications. However, the input of HTPW into paddy water, particularly the significant proportion of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in HTPW (DOM-HTPW), directly engages in photochemical transformations, a phenomenon often overlooked. This study observed a consistent decrease in humification (SUVA280, 7.7-53.9%) and aromaticity (SUVA254, 6.1-40.0%) of DOM-HTPW after irradiation. The primary active photobleaching components of DOM-HTPW varied depending on the feedstock, such as protein for chicken manure DOM-HTPW and lignin for rice straw DOM-HTPW. The photochemical activity of DOM-HTPW was augmented by its lower molecular weight and higher hydrophilic composition, particularly evident in chicken manure DOM-HTPW, which exhibited higher generation rates for 1O2 (35.1-37.1%), 3DOM* (32.8-43.9%), and O2•- (28.6-48.8%) as measured by molecular probes. DOM-HTPW effectively facilitated the phototransformation of tetracycline, with the contribution of O2•- being more significant than 3DOM* and 1O2. These findings shed new light on the understanding the photochemical processes of DOM-HTPW as exogenous DOM and the interconnected fate of contaminants in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Minli Wang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Xiao Q, Wu W, Zhang X, Xu X, Yang S. Comparison of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM)-containing and WSOM-free biochars for simultaneous sorption of lead and cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171159. [PMID: 38387580 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The effects of individual biochar constituents and natural environmental media on the immobilization behaviors and chemical activities of toxic heavy metals are still poorly understood. In this work, the physicochemical properties of raw corn straw (CS) and CS-derived biochar materials as well as their sorption abilities and retention mechanisms for lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were evaluated by combining batch experiments and spectral approaches. According to the spectral analysis results and single variable principle, the setting of biochars after soaking in solution as the control group was suggested when evaluating their retention mechanisms for Pb and Cd. The rising of ionic strength did not apparently affect the immobilization of Pb by biochar prepared at 500 °C (i.e., CB500) and Pb/Cd by water-soluble organic matter (WSOM)-free CB500 (i.e., DCB500), while slightly inhibited the sorption of Cd by CB500. Pb and Cd exhibited a mutual inhibition effect on their sorption trends with a higher sorption preference of Pb. The dominant fixation mechanism of Pb by CB500 and DCB500 was identified to be mineral precipitation. In contrast, the main sorption mechanism of Cd changed from mineral precipitation in the single-metal system to surface complexation in the binary-metal system. The sorption ratios of Pb and Cd on CB500 were comparable to those on DCB500 with the coexistence of mixed natural organic matters (NOM) and ferrihydrite. The current experimental findings suggested that DCB500 was a suitable remediation agent for regulating the migration behaviors of toxic Pb and Cd in acidic and NOM-rich soil and water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Qi Xiao
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xuening Zhang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xinghua Xu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Shitong Yang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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12
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Du P, Tang K, Yang B, Mo X, Wang J. Reassessing the Quantum Yield and Reactivity of Triplet-State Dissolved Organic Matter via Global Kinetic Modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5856-5865. [PMID: 38516968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Measuring the quantum yield and reactivity of triplet-state dissolved organic matter (3DOM*) is essential for assessing the impact of DOM on aquatic photochemical processes. However, current 3DOM* quantification methods require multiple fitting steps and rely on steady-state approximations under stringent application criteria, which may introduce certain inaccuracies in the estimation of DOM photoreactivity parameters. Here, we developed a global kinetic model to simulate the reaction kinetics of the hv/DOM system using four DOM types and 2,4,6-trimethylphenol as the probe for 3DOM*. Analyses of residuals and the root-mean-square error validated the exceptional precision of the new model compared to conventional methods. 3DOM* in the global kinetic model consistently displayed a lower quantum yield and higher reactivity than those in local regression models, indicating that the generation and reactivity of 3DOM* have often been overestimated and underestimated, respectively. The global kinetic model derives parameters by simultaneously fitting probe degradation kinetics under different conditions and considers the temporally increasing concentrations of the involved reactive species. It minimizes error propagation and offers insights into the interactions of different species, thereby providing advantages in accuracy, robustness, and interpretability. This study significantly advances the understanding of 3DOM* behavior and provides a valuable kinetic model for aquatic photochemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Du
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Kexin Tang
- Center of Water Resources and Environment, School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Biwei Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiaohan Mo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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13
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Guo S, Lyu H, Liu W, He Y, Tang J. Self-motivated photoaging of microplastics by biochar-dissolved organic matter under different pyrolysis temperatures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170043. [PMID: 38218483 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from biochar (BDOM) can interact with microplastics (MPs) in the environment, inevitably affecting their environmental behaviour. Information regarding the influence of BDOM on MPs during photoaging and associated variations in the MP aging mechanism remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of BDOM on the aging of polystyrene (PS) MPs. The results showed that among three pyrolysis temperatures, low-temperature BDOM significantly enhanced the photoaging process of PS MPs, with the smallest average particle size and highest carbonyl index value after 15 days of aging under light conditions. The DOM level decreased after 5 days, increased after 5-10 days, and stabilised after 15 d. BDOM accelerates PS MPs aging, leading to more DOM released from PS, which can be transformed into 1O2 via triplet-excited state (3DOM⁎ and 3PS⁎) to further enhance PS MPs aging, resulting in the realisation of the self-accelerated aging process of PS MPs. 1O2 plays a crucial role in the self-motivated accelerated aging process of PS MPs. These findings provide new insights into the effects of the DOM structure and composition on reactive oxygen species generation during MPs aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Weitao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuhe He
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jingchun Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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14
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Xu Z, Tsang DC. Mineral-mediated stability of organic carbon in soil and relevant interaction mechanisms. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2024; 3:59-76. [PMID: 38318344 PMCID: PMC10840363 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Soil, the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir, is central to climate change and relevant feedback to environmental health. Minerals are the essential components that contribute to over 60% of soil carbon storage. However, how the interactions between minerals and organic carbon shape the carbon transformation and stability remains poorly understood. Herein, we critically review the primary interactions between organic carbon and soil minerals and the relevant mechanisms, including sorption, redox reaction, co-precipitation, dissolution, polymerization, and catalytic reaction. These interactions, highly complex with the combination of multiple processes, greatly affect the stability of organic carbon through the following processes: (1) formation or deconstruction of the mineral-organic carbon association; (2) oxidative transformation of the organic carbon with minerals; (3) catalytic polymerization of organic carbon with minerals; and (4) varying association stability of organic carbon according to the mineral transformation. Several pieces of evidence related to the carbon turnover and stability during the interaction with soil minerals in the real eco-environment are then demonstrated. We also highlight the current research gaps and outline research priorities, which may map future directions for a deeper mechanisms-based understanding of the soil carbon storage capacity considering its interactions with minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C.W. Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Li L, Cheng W, Xie X, Zhao R, Wang Y, Wang Z. Photo-Reactivity of dissolved black carbon unveiled by combination of optical spectroscopy and FT-ICR MS analysis: Effects of pyrolysis temperature. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121138. [PMID: 38244298 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) has high photoactivity, which plays an important role in contaminants photodegradation. However, it is unclear how pyrolysis temperatures would affect the composition and photo-reactivity of DBC at the molecular level. Herein, we combined complementary techniques to study the characteristics of DBC pyrolyzed at 200 - 500 ℃, as well as the photoproduction of reactive species and the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC). Bulk composition characterization found that condensed aromatic carbonyl compounds (ConAC) with narrow molecular weights in DBC experienced an increase from 200 to 500 °C, which enhanced the photoproduction of 3DBC*,1O2, and ·OH. Molecular-level data suggested that 3DBC* and 1O2 were both related to the same DBC compounds. Comparatively, the patterns for ·OH were less pronounced, implying its precursor was not 3DBC* and had more complexity. Plentiful CHOx species of ConAC in DBC400 and DBC500 (DBCT, where T = pyrolysis temperature) accelerated the generation of 3DBC* and 1O2, enhancing the photodegradation of TC, and mainly triplet states of quinones reacted with TC. In contrast, DBC200 and DBC300 exhibited inhibition since massive CHOx species in lignin-like reduced 3TC* to TC. Our data revealed the diverse photochemical behavior mechanisms of DBC pyrolyzed at 200 - 500 ℃ at the molecular level and the implications for aquatic contaminants photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Ranran Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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16
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Fan X, Xie S, Yu X, Cheng A, Chen D, Ji W, Liu X, Song J, Peng P. Molecular-level transformations of biomass burning-derived water-soluble organic carbon during dark aqueous OH oxidation: Insights from absorption, fluorescence, high-performance size exclusion chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169290. [PMID: 38104832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Biomass burning (BB) releases large amounts of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), which would undergo heterogenous oxidation processes that induce transformations in both molecular structures and compositions within BB WSOC. This study designed an aqueous oxidation initiated by OH radicals in the absence of light for WSOC extracted from smoke particles generated by burning of corn straw and fir wood. The BB WSOC was comprehensively characterized using a combination of UV-visible spectra, excitation-emission matrix fluorescence in conjunction with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analyses. Over the course of oxidation, both chromophores and fluorophores exhibited gradual decreases. Moreover, EEM-PARAFAC revealed a preferential degradation of larger-sized protein-like/phenol-like organic matters, accompanied by the accumulation and/or formation of humic-like substances in aged BB WSOC. HPSEC analysis showed notable changes in molecular weight (MW) distributions for both types of BB WSOC during oxidation. Specifically, high MW species (>1 kDa) displayed a tendency to form along with oxidation, possibly attributed to the formation of assemblies via intermolecular weak forces. After oxidation, evidence of CHO compound degradation and enrichment/formation of CHON compounds was observed for both types of BB WSOC. Remarkably, the resistant, degraded and produced molecules for BB WSOC were dominated by CHO (38-73 %) and lignin-like molecules (41-47 %), suggesting diverse responses to oxidation within these two groups. Furthermore, polyphenols experienced selective degradation, while CHON, aliphatic and poly-aromatic molecules tended to form during the oxidation process for both types of BB WSOC. In summary, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular-level transformations undergone by BB WSOC during dark aqueous OH oxidation. The findings significantly contribute to our insights into atmospheric evolution of BB WSOC, thereby playing a crucial role in accurately assessing their effects within climate models and informing policy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjun Fan
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, PR China.
| | - Shuwen Xie
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, PR China
| | - Xufang Yu
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, PR China
| | - Ao Cheng
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, PR China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, PR China
| | - Wenchao Ji
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Pingan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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17
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Li C, Wang H, Li S, Ji H, Yu X, Wang D, Hou Z, Wang Q, Wu Z, Chang X, Huang J, Wang X. Differential influences of forest floor-pyrolyzed biochar-derived and leached dissolved organic matter interaction with natural iron-bearing minerals in forest subsoil on the formation of mineral-associated soil organic matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168724. [PMID: 38007135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The vertical sequestration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by iron minerals along the soil profile is assumed to be central to the long-term storage of the soil organic matter (SOM) pool. However, there is limited information available about how the interaction between DOM and natural iron-bearing minerals shape mineral SOM associations quantitatively and qualitatively in forest subsoils. Here, we systematically investigated the influences of forest organic layer-pyrolyzed biochar-derived DOM (BDOM) and leached DOM (LDOM) on quantity, molecular composition, and diversity of deposition layer-derived iron minerals-associated OM by using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and other complementary spectroscopy. Results indicated natural iron minerals (FeOx1 and FeOx2) had a greater capacity for sorbing LDOM with higher aromaticity and molecular weight than those of BDOM, and the higher proportion of goethite and short-order-range phase in natural iron minerals was closely related to the increased OM adsorption capacity. We also observed the preferential sorption of oxygen/nitrogen-rich polycyclic aromatic compounds and carboxylic-containing compounds in LDOM and concurrent the potential release of lignin-like/aromatics compounds and carboxyl/nitrogen-less aliphatic compounds from native OM coprecipitates into the solution. However, unsaturated and oxidized phenolic compounds in BDOM had a stronger affinity for FeOx through hydrophobic partitioning and specific polar interactions, and concomitantly the partial release of nitrogen-free aliphatic and other carboxyl-rich compounds. More nitrogen structures in aromatic-containing compounds can improve the saturation level and polarity of BDOM. Compared with BDOM, LDOM exerted a stronger control over the exchange of native OM from subsoil natural iron-bearing minerals and substantially enhanced the molecular diversity of the reconstituted mineral-associated OM during the adsorptive fractionation. Overall, these findings suggest the compositional evolution of DOM profoundly shapes SOM formation and persistence in forest subsoils, which is the key to understanding DOM cycling and contaminant fate during its passage through the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caisheng Li
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Simin Li
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hengkuan Ji
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Dengfeng Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zhengwei Hou
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Quanchao Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xueren Chang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jinyi Huang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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18
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Yin S, Wei C, Qu X, Fu H, Li B, Piao S, Tao S, Hatcher PG, Zhu D. Benzenepoly(carboxylic acid)s as Exclusive Intrinsic Markers to Assess Riverine Export of Dissolved Black Carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1142-1151. [PMID: 38159290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Landscape fires annually generate large quantities of black carbon. The water-soluble fraction of black carbon (i.e., dissolved black carbon/DBC) is an important constituent of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool, playing a crucial role in the global budget of refractory carbon and climate change. A key challenge in constraining the flux and fate of riverine DBC is to develop targeted and accurate quantification methods. Herein, we report that benzenepentacarboxylic acid (B5CA) intrinsically present in DBC can be used as an exclusive and holistic marker (representing both condensed aromatics and less-/nonaromatic fractions) for DBC quantification. B5CA was universally detected in water extractions of biochar and fire-affected soils with relatively large abundance but not produced by nonthermogenic processes. It has good mobility in the environment as it is not readily precipitated by cations or adsorbed by common geosorbents. B5CA also represents the recalcitrant components of DBC with excellent stability against photodegradation and biodegradation. Applying B5CA as the DBC marker in surface waters of the Changjiang River (i.e., the third largest river in the world), we calculate the DBC concentration in the downstream Changjiang River to be 4.8 ± 5.5% of the DOC flux. Our work provides a simple and reliable approach for the accurate quantification and source tracking of DBC in the soil and aquatic carbon pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Yin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chenhui Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Heyun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Bengang Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Patrick G Hatcher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, West Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Dongqiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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19
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Sun L, Wu P, Wang T, Wu J, Chen M, Shang Z, Dang Z, Zhu N. Photobleaching affects the carbon sequestration of dissolved black carbon on ferrihydrite: Perspective from molecular fractionation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168322. [PMID: 37939941 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Photobleaching generally changes the structure and properties of dissolved black carbon (DBC), which further affects distribution of DBC at mineral-water interface. Here, we investigated the effect mechanism by which DBC photobleaching on its sequestration on ferrihydrite (Fh) from perspective of molecular fractionation. Results indicated that continuous sunlight irradiation led to the photolysis of aromatic humic- and fulvic-like components and the carboxylation of the functional structure. DBC could be considerably sequestered on the Fh surface, and photobleached DBC (pDBC) with longer sunlight irradiation durations had lower adsorption capacity on Fh. The photo-absorption and photo-activity ability of residual DBC/pDBCs after adsorption significantly weakened, indicating that the photo-liable components with great photochemical properties were preferentially sequestered on Fh during adsorption fractionation at Fh-water interface. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) results showed high molecular weight, high O contents and high unsaturation compounds (such as polycyclic aromatics and polyphenols) were preferentially sequestered on Fh through ligand exchange between iron-coordinated hydroxyl and substituted carboxyl/hydroxyl in DBC. Among high unsaturation compounds, aromatic ring structures (C=C) were with greater affinity with Fh surface than CO in carboxyl/ester/quinone. Photobleaching caused the decrease in aromatic ring structures and the increase in CO in carboxyl, which was the key for weakening of sequestration of pDBC on Fh. Our findings prove that the photo-liable components of DBC are more tend to be sequestered on mineral, and promote the understanding of geochemical behavior of DBC in the solid earth interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiye Sun
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pingxiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Tianming Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiqing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongbo Shang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Nengwu Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou 510006, China
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20
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Tan M, Zheng X, Yu W, Chen B, Chu C. Facet-Dependent Productions of Reactive Oxygen Species from Pyrite Oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:432-439. [PMID: 38111081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widespread in nature and play central roles in numerous biogeochemical processes and pollutant dynamics. Recent studies have revealed ROS productions triggered by electron transfer from naturally abundant reduced iron minerals to oxygen. Here, we report that ROS productions from pyrite oxidation exhibit a high facet dependence. Pyrites with various facet compositions displayed distinct efficiencies in producing superoxide (O2• -), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (•OH). The 48 h •OH production rates varied by 3.1-fold from 11.7 ± 0.4 to 36.2 ± 0.6 nM h-1, showing a strong correlation with the ratio of the {210} facet. Such facet dependence in ROS productions primarily stems from the different surface electron-donating capacities (2.2-8.6 mmol e- g-1) and kinetics (from 1.2 × 10-4 to 5.8 × 10-4 s-1) of various faceted pyrites. Further, the Fenton-like activity also displayed 10.1-fold variations among faceted pyrites, contributing to the facet depedence of •OH productions. The facet dependence of ROS production can greatly affect ROS-driven pollutant transformations. As a paradigm, the degradation rates of carbamazepine, phenol, and bisphenol A varied by 3.5-5.3-fold from oxidation of pyrites with different facet compositions, where the kinetics were in good agreement with the pyrite {210} facet ratio. These findings highlight the crucial role of facet composition in determining ROS production and subsequent ROS-driven reactions during iron mineral oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Tan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshan Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanchao Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiheng Chu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
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21
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Qiu X, Ma S, Pan J, Cui Q, Zheng W, Ding L, Liang X, Xu B, Guo X, Rillig MC. Microbial metabolism influences microplastic perturbation of dissolved organic matter in agricultural soils. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrad017. [PMID: 38365242 PMCID: PMC10811734 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
An estimated 258 million tons of plastic enter the soil annually. Joining persistent types of microplastic (MP), there will be an increasing demand for biodegradable plastics. There are still many unknowns about plastic pollution by either type, and one large gap is the fate and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from MPs as well as how they interact with soil microbiomes in agricultural systems. In this study, polyethylene MPs, photoaged to different degrees, and virgin polylactic acid MPs were added to agricultural soil at different levels and incubated for 100 days to address this knowledge gap. We find that, upon MP addition, labile components of low aromaticity were degraded and transformed, resulting in increased aromaticity and oxidation degree, reduced molecular diversity, and changed nitrogen and sulfur contents of soil DOM. Terephthalate, acetate, oxalate, and L-lactate in DOM released by polylactic acid MPs and 4-nitrophenol, propanoate, and nitrate in DOM released by polyethylene MPs were the major molecules available to the soil microbiomes. The bacteria involved in the metabolism of DOM released by MPs are mainly concentrated in Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota, and fungi are mainly in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Our study provides an in-depth understanding of the microbial transformation of DOM released by MPs and its effects of DOM evolution in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Sirui Ma
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jianrui Pan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qian Cui
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Ding
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xujun Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Baile Xu
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Berlin 14195, Germany
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22
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Gu X, Chen B, Liu H, Feng Y, Wang B, He S, Feng M, Pan G, Han S. Photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter derived from Alternanthera philoxeroides hydrochar: Insights from molecular transformation and photochemically reactive intermediates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132591. [PMID: 37778307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter (HDOM) enters aquatic ecosystems through soil leaching and surface runoff following the application of hydrochar. However, the photochemical behavior of HDOM remains unclear. The photo-transformation of HDOM was analyzed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), multiple spectroscopy methods, high-performance liquid chromatography, and combining synchronous fluorescence and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. The results showed that with the increase of carbonization temperature, amide II in protein-like substances were observed to be preferentially photolyzed, and the protein-like substances were more sensitive to low irradiation time, while the duration time of the photochemical behavior of amide II and aliphatic C-H were more persistent. FT-ICR MS results showed that N and S-containing molecules, including lignins and lipids were more sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation. Furthermore, the photo-transformation of HDOMs was accompanied by the generation of triple excited state dissolved organic matter and singlet oxygen. Our findings will be beneficial for understanding the mechanisms of photo-transformation of HDOM and for predicting the possible behaviors of hydrochar produced at different temperatures before large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincai Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingfa Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shiying He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Muhua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guojun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shiqun Han
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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23
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Wei Z, Li N, Zhang X, Zheng L, Mo S, Korshin G, Li Q, Yan M. Characterizing photochemical production carboxyl content of dissolved organic matters using absorbance spectroscopy combined with FT-ICR MS. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140352. [PMID: 37806326 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Irradiation can significantly impact the structure, reactivity and environmental behavior of dissolved organic matter (DOM). The extent of these processes remains to be ascertained in more detail but the heterogeneity and site-specificity of DOM, and the lack of methods to characterize DOM at its environmentally-relevant concentrations make it a challenge. In this study, the differences of DOM response to photodegradation in four typical origins (i.e., surface water, sediment and intracellular and extracellular algal DOM) were tracked on the molecular-level using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Changes of the carboxyl and phenolic DOM moieties induced by irradiation were quantified by spectroscopic titrations, and the mechanism of functional groups affecting the changes of specific molecular composition was qualitatively proposed. The results demonstrated that intracellular algal organic matter (I-DOM) was most susceptible to photodegradation (ca. 63% DOM loss), then came extracellular algal organic matter (E-DOM) and surface water DOM (W-DOM) (ca. 15% DOM loss). Sediment DOM (S-DOM) was most resistant to irradiation, with a very small level of its mineralization. Lipids, lignin-like compounds and tannin-like compounds in I-DOM and E-DOM were relatively photo-labile. The photodegradation of lipids was related to the decarboxylation of carboxyl functional groups, while the photodegradation of tannin-like compounds was related to the rupture of phenolic functional groups. In comparison, the molecular composition of W-DOM and S-DOM was less affected by irradiation, which was also reflected in the fact that the carboxyl and phenolic functional groups were highly photo-resistant. This study showed that the photoactivity of DOM in surface water was closely related to the abundance of algae, so controlling the excessive reproduction of algae may have a positive effect on stability of quality and quantity of organic matter in surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhuo Wei
- College of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China; Qinhuangdao key Laboratory of Water-saving Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, College of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China; Qinhuangdao key Laboratory of Water-saving Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, College of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102208, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102208, China
| | - Shansheng Mo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gregory Korshin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, United States
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China; Qinhuangdao key Laboratory of Water-saving Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, College of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Mingquan Yan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
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24
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Du P, Chen G, Zhang P, Yang B, Wang J. Photo-transformation of wastewater effluent organic matter reduces the formation potential and toxicity of chlorinated disinfection byproducts. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115515. [PMID: 37774544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight exposure can degrade and transform discharged wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) in aquatic systems, potentially enhancing the feasibility of reusing wastewater for drinking purposes. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the sunlight-induced changes in the molecular-level composition, characteristics, and chlorine reactivity of EfOM. Herein, we investigated the impact of sunlight on the optical properties, chemical composition, and formation of disinfection byproducts of EfOM using multiple spectroscopic analyses, high-resolution mass spectrometry, chlorination experiments, and in vitro bioassays. Upon natural sunlight exposure, we observed significant decreases in ultraviolet-visible absorbance and fluorescence intensity of EfOM, indicating the destruction of chromophores and fluorophores. Photolysis generally yields products with lower molecular weight and aromaticity, and with higher saturation and oxidation levels. Moreover, a shift within the EfOM from condensed aromatic-like compounds to tannin-like components was observed. Furthermore, sunlight exposure reduced the reactivity of EfOM toward the formation of trihalomethanes and haloacetonitriles during chlorination, while there was a slight increase in the specific formation potential of haloketones. Importantly, the disinfection byproducts resulting from chlorination of the irradiated EfOM exhibited reduced microtoxicity. Overall, this study provides new insights into alterations in EfOM under sunlight exposure and aids in predicting the health risks of effluent discharge in water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Du
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Biwei Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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25
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Cai T, Zhang X, Zhang S, Ming Y, Zhang Q. Photochemical behaviors of dissolved organic matter in aquatic environment: Generation, characterization, influencing factors and practical application. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116174. [PMID: 37209983 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) widely exists in aquatic environment and plays a critical role in environmental photochemical reaction. The photochemical behaviors of DOM in sunlit surface waters have received widely attention because its photochemical effects for some coexisted substances in aquatic environment, especially for organic micropollutants degradation. Therefore, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the photochemical properties and environmental effects of DOM, we reviewed the influence of sources on the structure and composition of DOM with relevant identified techniques to analysis functional groups. Additionally, identification and quantification for reactive intermediates are discussed with a focus on influencing factors to produce reactive intermediates by DOM under solar irradiation. These reactive intermediates can promote the photodegradation of organic micropollutants in the environmental system. In future, attention should be paid to the photochemical properties of DOM and environmental effects in real environmental system and development of advanced techniques to study DOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Cai
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanbo Ming
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuzhuo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai, 200062, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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26
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Wen X, Yang X, Wang T, Li Z, Ma C, Chen W, He Y, Zhang C. Photoreduction of Hg(II) by typical dissolved organic matter in paddy environments. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 327:138437. [PMID: 36963580 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water and its effect on Hg(II) photoreduction has been extensively studied, but the contribution of DOM in paddy water to Hg(II) photoreduction is largely unknown. Herein, the effect of DOM from biochar (BCDOM), rice straw (RSDOM), and chicken manure (CMDOM) on Hg(II) photoreduction were examined. The comparable reduction efficiency of Hg(II) suggested that DOM-like fraction (62.3-63.7%) contributes more than suspended particulate matter-like fraction (17.7-23.4%) and bacteria-like fraction (13.0-20.0%) in paddy water. Under irradiation, the typical DOM significantly promoted Hg(II) photoreduction, and the reduction efficiency of BCDOM (65.5 ± 2.1%) was higher than that of CMDOM (48.3 ± 2.6%) and RSDOM (32.8 ± 2.4%) in 6 h. The quenching and kinetics experiments showed that superoxide anion (O2•-) was the main reactive species for Hg(II) photoreduction. Fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry revealed that DOM with a higher degree of lignin/carboxy-rich acyclic molecules, condensed aromatics structures, and phenolic compounds could promote the formation of O2•-. These findings highlight the importance of DOM in Hg(II) photoreduction and provide new ideas for regulating Hg cycling and bioavailability in paddy environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Tantan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zihao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Chi Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yubo He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China.
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27
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Song F, Li T, Wu F, Leung KMY, Hur J, Zhou L, Bai Y, Zhao X, He W, Ruan M. Temperature-Dependent Molecular Evolution of Biochar-Derived Dissolved Black Carbon and Its Interaction Mechanism with Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7285-7297. [PMID: 37098046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-derived dissolved black carbon (DBC) molecules are dependent on the BC formation temperature and affect the fate of emerging contaminants in waters, such as polyvinyl chloride microplastic (MPPVC). However, the temperature-dependent evolution and MPPVC-interaction of DBC molecules remain unclear. Herein, we propose a novel DBC-MPPVC interaction mechanism by systematically interpreting heterogeneous correlations, sequential responses, and synergistic relationships of thousands of molecules and their linking functional groups. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy was proposed to combine Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and spectroscopic datasets. Increased temperature caused diverse DBC molecules and fluorophores, accompanied by molecular transformation from saturation/reduction to unsaturation/oxidation with high carbon oxidation states, especially for molecules with acidic functional groups. The temperature response of DBC molecules detected via negative-/positive-ion electrospray ionization sequentially occurred in unsaturated hydrocarbons → lignin-like → condensed aromatic → lipid-/aliphatic-/peptide-like → tannin-like → carbohydrate-like molecules. DBC molecular changes induced by temperature and MPPVC interaction were closely coordinated, with lignin-like molecules contributing the most to the interaction. Functional groups in DBC molecules with m/z < 500 showed a sequential MPPVC-interaction response of phenol/aromatic ether C-O, alkene C═C/amide C═O → polysaccharides C-O → alcohol/ether/carbohydrate C-O groups. These findings help to elucidate the critical role of DBCs in MP environmental behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Lingfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yingchen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wei He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingqi Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Zheng X, Wu B, Zhou C, Liu T, Wang Y, Zhao G, Chen B, Chu C. Sunlight-Driven Production of Reactive Oxygen Species from Natural Iron Minerals: Quantum Yield and Wavelength Dependence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:1177-1185. [PMID: 36538289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photochemically generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) play numerous key roles in earth's surface biogeochemical processes and pollutant dynamics. ROS production has historically been linked to the photosensitization of natural organic matter. Here, we report the photochemical ROS production from three naturally abundant iron minerals. All investigated iron minerals are photoactive toward sunlight irradiation, with photogenerated currents linearly correlated with incident light intensity. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are identified as the major ROS species, with apparent quantum yields ranging from 1.4 × 10-8 to 3.9 × 10-8 and 5.8 × 10-8 to 2.5 × 10-6, respectively. Photochemical ROS production exhibits high wavelength dependence, for instance, the •OH quantum yield decreases with the increase of light wavelength from 375 to 425 nm, and above 425 nm it sharply decreases to zero. The temperature shows a positive impact on •OH production, with apparent activation energies ranging from 8.0 to 17.8 kJ/mol. Interestingly, natural iron minerals with impurities exhibit higher ROS production than their pure crystal counterparts. Compared with organic photosensitizers, iron minerals exhibit higher wavelength dependence, higher selectivity, lower efficiency, and long-term stability in photochemical ROS production. Our study highlights natural inorganic iron mineral photochemistry as a ubiquitous yet previously overlooked source of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Binbin Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Chong Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Chiheng Chu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
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Wei J, Shangguan H, Shen C, Mi H, Liu X, Fu T, Tang J, Zhou S. Deciphering the structural characteristics and molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter during the electrolytic oxygen aerobic composting process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157174. [PMID: 35809732 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrolytic oxygen aerobic composting (EOAC) effectively treats organic solid waste by using in-situ electrolytic oxygen for aeration. However, the fundamental mechanism of compost maturity is still unclear. Therefore, we comprehensively characterized dissolved organic matter (DOM) transformation closely related to compost maturity during EOAC. Excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor (EEM-PARAFAC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed that EOAC quickly decreased organic matter and increased humus substances, accelerating the compost humification process compared with conventional aerobic composting. Electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) analysis reveals that the double bound equivalent and aromaticity index during EOAC are higher than in conventional aerobic composting (CAC), suggesting more aromatic compounds in EOAC. DOM's detailed transformation investigation suggested that low O/C and high H/C compounds were preferentially decomposed during EOAC. Our investigation firstly extends the in-depth molecular mechanisms of humification during EOAC, and reveals its practical engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Wei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huayuan Shangguan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huan Mi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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30
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Zhang H, Zheng Y, Wang XC, Zhang Q, Dzakpasu M. Photochemical behavior of constructed wetlands-derived dissolved organic matter and its effects on Bisphenol A photodegradation in secondary treated wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157300. [PMID: 35842169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Free water surface flow (FWS) constructed wetlands (CWs) have been broadly applied for polishing secondary treated effluents. Dissolved organic matter derived from FWS CWs (WDOM) plays key roles in contaminants transformations. Conversely, photodegradation could shape the quantity and quality of WDOM, thereby affecting its roles in the photolysis of organic micropollutants (OMPs). Nevertheless, whether and how solar irradiation-induced photodegradation modify the properties of WDOM, and the effects of WDOM on the photodegradation of OMPs remain unclear. This study elucidates the photochemical behavior of two WDOM isolated from field-scale FWS CWs for effluent polishing under simulated sunlight irradiation using spectroscopic tools and high-resolution mass spectra. Furthermore, the roles of WDOM in the photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA), as a representative endocrine-disrupting compound (EDC), were comprehensively investigated. Solar irradiation was demonstrated to lower the molecular weight and aromaticity of WDOM, as well as weaken its light absorption. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectra further confirmed that aromatic and unsaturated structures were susceptible to solar irradiation-induced photodegradation reactions. Subsequently, less aromatic and more saturated structures eventually formed under sunlight irradiation, consistent with the result from spectroscopic characterization. The reactive species produced from WDOM significantly enhanced the photodegradation of BPA with the kobs noticeably increasing 4-fold compared with the kobs for direct photolysis. Additionally, 3WDOM* was identified as the dominant reactive species leading to the photolysis of BPA in the presence of WDOM. These findings improve understanding of the phototransformation behavior of WDOM under sunlight irradiation and the roles that WDOM plays in the photochemical fate of coexisting OMPs in CWs treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qionghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Mawuli Dzakpasu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Cai S, Liu M, Zhang Y, Hu A, Zhang W, Wang D. Molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter and formation pathway of humic substances in dredged sludge under aerobic composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128141. [PMID: 36257519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Using Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and molecular reaction network analysis, this study investigated molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and formation pathway of humic substances (HS) in dredged sludge during aerobic composting. The results showed that macromolecular N-containing compounds in dredged sludge are abundantly transformed into unsaturated and aromatic oxygenated compounds, exhibiting physicochemical properties similar to those of humus. Especially, N-containing compounds with one nitrogen atom are susceptible to oxidative deamination. Furthermore, assemblages of reactive fragments (e.g., -C7H8O2, -C10H12O2, -C2H2O2, and -C4H6O2) were identified as potential precursors to HS formed by the following reactions: starting with protein deamination and desulfurization, lignin delignification cascaded, finally decarbonylation occurred. This work provides novel insight for optimizing the process of stabilization and humification of dredged sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Cai
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; Beijing Machinery & Electricity Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Aibin Hu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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32
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Hu A, Li L, Huang Y, Fu QL, Wang D, Zhang W. Photochemical transformation mechanisms of dissolved organic matters (DOM) derived from different bio-stabilization sludge. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 169:107534. [PMID: 36152361 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bio-stabilization sludge contains numerous dissolved organic matter (DOM) that could enter aquatic environments by soil leaching after sludge land use, but a clear understanding of their photochemical behavior is still lacking. In this study, we systematically investigated the photoactivity and photochemical transformation of aerobic composting sludge-derived DOM (DOMACS) and anaerobic digestion sludge-derived DOM (DOMADS) by using multispectral analysis coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The results indicated that DOMACS and DOMADS have a higher proportion of highly unsaturated and phenolic compounds (HuPh)with high DBEwa, but the different polyphenols (Polyph) abundance of them, causing the different photoactivity between them. DOMACS had much higher apparent quantum yields (AQY) for triplet states of dissolved natural organic matter (3DOM*) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) but slightly lower AQY for singlet oxygen (1O2) than DOMADS under simulated sunlight conditions. As the irradiation time increased, HuPh and Polyph (associated with humic-like substances) contained in DOMACS (DOMADS) decreased by 12.0% (14.1%) and 3.0% (0.2%), respectively, with concurrent decrease in average molecular weight and aromaticity moieties, resulting in more generation of aliphatic compounds. Furthermore, based on 27 types of photochemical transformation reactions, DOMACS containing higher fractions of O10-15 and N1-3Oy class preferred dealkyl group and carboxylic acid reactions, whereas DOMADS composed of more N4Oy and S2Oy fragments preferred oxygen addition and anmine reactions. Consequently, photochemical transformations reduced the Cd (II) ion activity in the presence of DOMACS (DOMADS). This study is believed to unveil the photochemical transformation of bio-stabilization sludge-derived DOM and its impact on pollutants' fate in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aibin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China
| | - Liqing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Qing-Long Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China.
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33
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Yang P, Jiang T, Cong Z, Liu G, Guo Y, Liu Y, Shi J, Hu L, Yin Y, Cai Y, Jiang G. Loss and Increase of the Electron Exchange Capacity of Natural Organic Matter during Its Reduction and Reoxidation: The Role of Quinone and Nonquinone Moieties. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6744-6753. [PMID: 35522821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Redox-active quinone and nonquinone moieties represent the electron exchange capacity (EEC) of natural organic matter (NOM), playing an important role in the electron transfer link of microbes and transformation of contaminants/metal minerals. However, the corresponding transformation of quinone/phenol and their respective influence on the EECs during reduction and reoxidation remain poorly characterized. Besides, it is still controversial whether nonquinones donate or accept electrons. Herein, we demonstrated that reoxidation of NOM after reduction can form new phenolic/quinone moieties, thus increasing the EEC. The assessment for the EEC, including the electron-donating capacity (EDC) and electron-accepting capacity (EAC), of nonquinones reflects the contribution of sulfur-containing moieties with considerable EDCs and EACs. In contrast, nitrogen-containing moieties donate negligible electrons even at Eh = +0.73 V. The contributions of both thiol and amine moieties to the EEC are greatly affected by adjacent functional groups. Meanwhile, aldehydes/ketones did not display an EAC during the electron transfer process of NOM. Furthermore, substantially increased EDC at Eh from +0.61 to +0.73 V could not be fully explained using thiol and phenolic moieties, suggesting the contribution of unknown moieties with high oxidation potential. The overall findings suggest that the roles of new quinones/phenol (derived from the addition of oxygen to condensed aromatic/lignin-like components) during redox dynamic cycling and thiol species should be considered in assessing the electron transfer processes of NOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhiyuan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guangliang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Yingying Guo
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongguang Yin
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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