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Lai C, Zhan J, Chai Q, Wang C, Yang X, He H, Huang B, Pan X. Dissolved carbon in biochar: Exploring its chemistry, iron complexing capability, toxicity in natural redox environment. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 147:217-229. [PMID: 39003041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) plays a crucial role in the migration and bioavailability of iron in water. However, the properties of DBC releasing under diverse pyrolysis conditions and dissolving processes have not been systematically studied. Here, the compositions of DBC released from biochar through redox processes dominated by bacteria and light were thoroughly studied. It was found that the DBC released from straw biochar possess more oxygen-containing functional groups and aromatic substances. The content of phenolic and carboxylic groups in DBC was increased under influence of microorganisms and light, respectively. The concentration of phenolic hydroxyl groups increased from 10.0∼57.5 mmol/gC to 6.6 ∼65.2 mmol/gC, and the concentration of carboxyl groups increased from 49.7∼97.5 mmol/gC to 62.1 ∼113.3 mmol/gC. Then the impacts of DBC on pyrite dissolution and microalgae growth were also investigated. The complexing Fe3+ was proved to play a predominant role in the dissolution of ferrous mineral in DBC solution. Due to complexing between iron ion and DBC, the amount of dissolved Fe in aquatic water may rise as a result of elevated number of aromatic components with oxygen containing groups and low molecular weight generated under light conditions. Fe-DBC complexations in solution significantly promoted microalga growth, which might be attributed to the stimulating effect of dissolved Fe on the chlorophyll synthesis. The results of study will deepen our understanding of the behavior and ultimate destiny of DBC released into an iron-rich environment under redox conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Lai
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Juhong Zhan
- Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou 215163, China.
| | - Qiuyun Chai
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Changlu Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huan He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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2
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Liu K, Ge Z, Ai D, Ma Z, Huang D, Zhang J. Coupled effects of redox-active substances and microbial communities on reactive oxygen species in rhizosphere sediments of submerged macrophytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175421. [PMID: 39128517 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial roles in element cycling and pollutant dynamics, but their variations and mechanisms in the rhizosphere of submerged macrophytes are poorly investigated. This study investigated the light-dark cycle fluctuations and periodic variations in ROS, redox-active substances, and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of Vallisneria natans. The results showed sustained production and significant diurnal fluctuations in the O2•- and •OH from 27.6 ± 3.7 to 61.7 ± 3.0 μmol/kg FW and 131.0 ± 6.8 to 195.4 ± 8.7 μmol/kg FW, respectively, which simultaneously fluctuated with the redox-active substances. The ROS contents in the rhizosphere were higher than those observed in non-rhizosphere sediments over the V. natans growth period, exhibiting increasing-decreasing trends. According to the redundancy analysis results, water-soluble phenols, fungi, and bacteria were the main factors influencing ROS production in the rhizosphere, showing contribution rates of 74.0, 17.3, and 4.4 %, respectively. The results of partial least squares path modeling highlighted the coupled effects of redox-active substances and microbial metabolism. Our findings also demonstrated the degradation effect of ROS in rhizosphere sediments of submerged macrophytes. This study provides experimental evidence of ROS-related rhizosphere effects and further insights into submerged macrophytes-based ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexuan Liu
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zuhan Ge
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Dan Ai
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zihang Ma
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Deying Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
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3
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Bi Z, Wang W, Zhao L, Wang X, Xing D, Zhou Y, Lee DJ, Ren N, Chen C. The generation and transformation mechanisms of reactive oxygen species in the environment and their implications for pollution control processes: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119592. [PMID: 39002629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), substances with strong activity generated by oxygen during electron transfer, play a significant role in the decomposition of organic matter in various environmental settings, including soil, water and atmosphere. Although ROS has a short lifespan (ranging from a few nanoseconds to a few days), it continuously generated during the interaction between microorganisms and their environment, especially in environments characterized by strong ultraviolet radiation, fluctuating oxygen concentration or redox conditions, and the abundance of metal minerals. A comprehensive understanding of the fate of ROS in nature can provide new ideas for pollutant degradation and is of great significance for the development of green degradation technologies for organic pollutants. At present, the review of ROS generally revolves around various advanced oxidation processes, but lacks a description and summary of the fate of ROS in nature, this article starts with the definition of reactive oxidants species and reviews the production, migration, and transformation mechanisms of ROS in soil, water and atmospheric environments, focusing on recent developments. In addition, the stimulating effects of ROS on organisms were reviewed. Conclusively, the article summarizes the classic processes, possible improvements, and future directions for ROS-mediated degradation of pollutants. This review offers suggestions for future research directions in this field and provides the possible ROS technology application in pollutants treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhou
- Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150070, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China; Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150090, China.
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Li L, Wei B, Cheng W, Kang Y, Xie X, Wang Z. Dual role of dissolved black carbon in sensitized ofloxacin photooxidation: Mechanism and influential factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173969. [PMID: 38876336 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) is the more photoactive component of dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool, which plays a dual role in the photoconversion of aquatic contaminants, acting as both a photosensitizer and an inhibitor. However, little is known about the more systematic mechanism by which DBC exhibits a dual effect, which is closely related to the structure composition of DBC. In this study, the differences in characteristics of DBC obtained from 300 °C and 500 °C were compared via UV-vis absorption spectrum, Fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectra (3D-EEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and evaluated the promoting and inhibiting effects of DBC on ofloxacin (OFL) photodegradation. It was found that higher pyrolysis temperature reduced the UV absorbance, molecular weight, aromaticity, and phenolics of DBC while increasing the content of quinone/aromatic ketone and humic substances. Photochemical data showed that 3DBC*, 1O2 and ·OH were all participated in the DBC-mediated OFL photodegradation. Wherein, DBC300 (DBCT, where T = pyrolysis temperature) had strong light screening and dynamic quenching effect, but the formation ability of 3DBC*, 1O2 and ·OH was poor, which significantly retarded the photodegradation of OFL. While DBC500 exhibited a slight promotion effect due to its higher formation ability of reactive species and weak light screening effect. Moreover, DBC500 had higher steady-state concentration and (kOFL,3DBC⁎) than DBC300, which might be due to the higher contents of quinone/aromatic ketone and the lower contents of phenol in DBC500, thus enhancing the reactivity of 3DBC* and OFL. Our research systematically revealed the trade-off mechanism of DBC on the photodegradation of fluoroquinolones, and provided an important theoretical guidance for the photodegradation of fluoroquinolones under the evolution of DBC composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Li
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wan Cheng
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yaqi Kang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xie
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
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Ai D, Wu T, Ge Z, Ying Z, Sun S, Huang D, Zhang J. The coupling effect promotes superoxide radical production in the microalgal-fungal symbiosis systems: Production, mechanisms and implication for Hg(II) reduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135347. [PMID: 39084012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Redox transformation of mercury (Hg) is critical for Hg exchange at the air-water interface. However, the superoxide radicals (O2•─) contribution of microalgal-fungal symbiotic systems in lake water to Hg(II) reduction is mainly unknown. Here, we studied the enhanced potential for O2•─ production by the coupling effect between microalgae and fungi. The relationships between microenvironment, microorganisms, and O2•─ production were also investigated. Furthermore, the implication of O2•─ for Hg(II) reduction was explored. The results showed that the coupling effect of microalgae and fungi enhanced O2•─ generation in the symbiotic systems, and the O2•─ generation peaked on day 4 in the lake water at 160.51 ± 13.06-173.28 ± 18.21 μmol/kg FW (fresh weight). In addition, O2•- exhibited circadian fluctuations that correlated with changes in dissolved oxygen content and redox potential on the inter-spherical interface of microalgal-fungal consortia. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) indicates that O2•─ formation was primarily associated with microenvironmental factors and microbial metabolic processes. The experimental results suggest that O2•─ in the microalgal-fungal systems could mediate Hg(II) reduction, promoting Hg conversion and cycling. The findings highlight the importance of microalgae and fungal symbiotic systems in Hg transformation in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ai
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Tao Wu
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zuhan Ge
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zeguo Ying
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Shiqing Sun
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Deying Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
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6
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Ding R, Ouyang Z, Dong P, Su T, Wang J, Guo X. Insights into the photoreactivity mechanisms of micro-sized rubber particles with different structure: The crucial role of reactive oxygen species and released dissolved organic matter. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135250. [PMID: 39032182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Micro-sized rubber particles (MRPs), as a significant component of tire wear particles (TWPs), increasingly garnered attention due to the potential ecological risks. However, the impact of photoaging of MRPs and the characteristics of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from MRPs on the photoreactivity of co-existing pollutants is remain unclear. To bridge this knowledge gap, this study selected MRPs with different structure including butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and took tetracycline (TC) as the target pollutant to firstly study potential effects of structural characteristics and active components of MRPs on TC photodegradation process under simulated sunlight irradiation. The results indicated that BR, NBR and SBR enhanced TC photodegradation to varying extents, with SBR having the most pronounced effect. This effect was attributed mainly to the high electron transport capacity and the generation of more triple excited DOM (3DOM*) of SBR, thereby producing more active species (•OH and 1O2) and significantly promoting TC photodegradation. Additionally, the unsaturated bonds and aromatic groups in MRPs-DOM was identified as another crucial factor influencing their photoreactivity. This study will provide a new perspective for understanding the potential ecological effects between MRPs and co-existing pollutants in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ding
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhuozhi Ouyang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Pingshu Dong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianyuan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jingzhen Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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7
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Lian F, Xing B. From Bulk to Nano: Formation, Features, and Functions of Nano-Black Carbon in Biogeochemical Processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39189123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c07027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Globally increasing wildfires and widespread applications of biochar have led to a growing amount of black carbon (BC) entering terrestrial ecosystems. The significance of BC in carbon sequestration, environmental remediation, and the agricultural industry has long been recognized. However, the formation, features, and environmental functions of nanosized BC, which is one of the most active fractions in the BC continuum during global climate change, are poorly understood. This review highlights the formation, surface reactivity (sorption, redox, and heteroaggregation), biotic, and abiotic transformations of nano-BC, and its major differences compared to other fractions of BC and engineered carbon nanomaterials. Potential applications of nano-BC including suspending agent, soil amendment, and nanofertilizer are elucidated based on its unique properties and functions. Future studies are suggested to develop more reliable detection techniques to provide multidimensional information on nano-BC in environmental samples, explore the critical role of nano-BC in promoting soil and planetary health from a one health perspective, and extend the multifield applications of nano-BC with a lower environmental footprint but higher efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lian
- Institute of Pollution Control and Environmental Health, and School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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8
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Lu Q, Han Q, Liu H, Feng L, Liu Y, Du Z, Zhang L. Molecular-level transformations of dissolved black carbon in UV-based advanced oxidation processes. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121962. [PMID: 38941867 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) released from biochar, is an essential group in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool and is widely distributed in aquatic environments. In various advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), DBC exhibits enhanced free radical scavenging compared to typical DOM, attributed to its smaller molecular weight and more compacted aromatic structure; however, the molecular-level transformations of DBC in different AOPs, such as UV/H2O2, UV/PDS, and UV/Chlorine, remain unclear. This study employed a DBC derived from wheat biochar for experimentation. Characterization involved ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and fluorescence excitation-emission-matrix (EEM) spectroscopy, revealing the transformation of DBC through diminished SUVA254 values and reduced intensity of three-dimensional fluorescence peaks. Further insights into the transformation were gained through Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). After each UV-AOP treatment, a conspicuous augmentation in the oxygen content of DBC was observed. The detailed oxygenation processes were elucidated through mass difference analysis, based on 23 types of typical reactions. Results indicated that oxygenation reactions were most frequently detected in all three UV-AOP treatments. Specifically, the hydroxylation (+O) predominated in UV/H2O2, while the di-hydroxylation (+2O) prevailed in UV/PDS. UV/Chlorine treatments commonly exhibited tri-hydroxylation (+3O), with the identification of 1194 Cl-BPs of unknown structures. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the molecular transformations of DBC induced by various free radicals in different UV-AOP processes, leading to a better understanding of the different fates of DBC in UV-AOP processes. In addition, the identification of DBC as a precursor of by-products will also contribute to the understanding of how to inhibit the generation of by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Han
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongnan Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Du
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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9
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Zuo X, Ouyang Z, Liao J, Ding R, Zhang W, Zhang C, Guo X, Zhu L. Novel insights into the relationship between the functional groups and photoactivity of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121892. [PMID: 38878316 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Due to the production of a large amount of biochar, highly photoactive biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) from different sources is released into surface water. This study investigated the molecular composition of BDOM (sludge, bamboo and stalk BDOM) using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and used tetracycline (TC) as model pollutant to investigate the relationship between molecular composition and BDOM photoactivity, specifically focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The results indicate that the fluorescence signal intensity of humic acid-like and aromatic proteins in the plant-derived BDOM are significantly higher than that derived from sewage sludge. FT-ICR MS results also showed that plant-derived BDOM contained more CHO molecular formula. Photodegradation experiments of TC mediated by various BDOM analogues demonstrated the photoactivity is highly correlated with the components and functional groups. The electrochemical experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations further verified that the aromatic moiety, sulfydryl group and amino group of BDOM affected the electronic supply and energy transfer. Higher electron and energy transfer favor the reaction of BDOM with the ground state oxygen to generate ROS, thus promoting photodegradation of TC. This study provides a new basis for better assessing the ecological risks of BDOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zuo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhuozhi Ouyang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Jinmo Liao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Rui Ding
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110044, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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10
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Ou Q, Xu Y, Wang X, van der Hoek JP, Yu G, Liu G. Dissolved Black Carbon Facilitates the Photodegradation of Microplastics via Molecular Weight-Dependent Generation of Reactive Intermediates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58. [PMID: 39133902 PMCID: PMC11360373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Photodegradation of microplastics (MPs) induced by sunlight plays a crucial role in determining their transport, fate, and impacts in aquatic environments. Dissolved black carbon (DBC), originating from pyrolyzed carbon, can potentially mediate the photodegradation of MPs owing to its potent photosensitization capacity. This study examined the impact of pyrolyzed wood derived DBC (5 mg C/L) on the photodegradation of polystyrene (PS) MPs in aquatic solutions under UV radiation. It revealed that the photodegradation of PS MPs primarily occurred at the benzene ring rather than the aliphatic segments due to the fast attack of hydroxyl radical (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) on the benzene ring. The photosensitivity of DBC accelerated the degradation of PS MPs, primarily attributed to the increased production of •OH, 1O2, and triplet-excited state DBC (3DBC*). Notably, DBC-mediated photodegradation was related to its molecular weight (MW) and chemical properties. Low MW DBC (<3 kDa) containing more carbonyl groups generated more •OH and 1O2, accelerating the photodegradation of MPs. Nevertheless, higher aromatic phenols in high MW DBC (>30 kDa) scavenged •OH and generated more O2•-, inhibiting the photodegradation of MPs. Overall, this study offered valuable insights into UV-induced photodegradation of MPs and highlighted potential impacts of DBC on the transformation of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ou
- Key
Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Delft, CN 2628, The Netherlands
| | - Yanghui Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Delft, CN 2628, The Netherlands
| | - Xintu Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
- College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Jan Peter van der Hoek
- Section
of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of
Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft
University of Technology, Delft, CN 2628, The Netherlands
- Department
Research & Innovation Waternet, P.O. Box 94370 GJ Amsterdam 1090, The
Netherlands
| | - Guo Yu
- College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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11
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Yi L, Zhang W, Chen Z, Li H, Lu Y, Tao S, Zhu D. Products from Photolysis Reactions of Tetracycline Mediated by Clay and Humic Substance Induce Contrasting Expressions of Target Resistance Genes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:13950-13960. [PMID: 39051425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Phototransformation is a key process affecting the fate of many antibiotics in the environment, but little is known about whether their photoproducts exert selective pressure on bacteria by inducing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we examined the expression of tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) of a fluorescent Escherichia coli whole-cell bioreporter influenced by the phototransformation of tetracycline. The presence of suspended smectite clay (montmorillonite or hectorite, 1.75 g/L) or dissolved humic substance (Pahokee Peat humic acid or Pahokee peat fulvic acid, 10 mg C/L) in aqueous solutions markedly facilitated the transformation of tetracycline (initially at 400 μg/L) with half-life shortened by 1.4-2.6 times. Despite the similar phototransformation ratios (80-90%) of the total loaded tetracycline after 60 min irradiation, the decreased ratios of cell fluorescence intensity (which was proportional to the expression amount of ARG tet(M)) were much higher with the two clays (94 and 93%) than with the two humic substances (44 and 69%) when compared to the respective dark controls. As illustrated by mass spectroscopic and chemical analyses, tetracycline was proposed to be mainly transformed to amide (ineffective in inducing ARGs) with the presence of clays by reaction with self-photosensitized singlet oxygen (1O2), while the humic substances might catalyze the production of another two demethylated and/or deaminated compounds (still effective in inducing ARGs) in addition to the amide compound via reaction with triplet excited state dissolved organic matter (3DOM*). As clay minerals and humic substances are important soil constituents and ubiquitously present in surface environments, the observed clay and humic-dependent photooxidation pathways of tetracycline and the differing selective pressures of the associated products highlight the need for monitoring the transformation compounds of antibiotics and provide critical insight into the development of antibiotic treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langsha Yi
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1325, United States
| | - Zeyou Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1325, United States
| | - Yahai Lu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dongqiang Zhu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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12
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Xu W, Qin R, Cao G, Qiang Y, Lai M, Lu Y. Magnetic composite photocatalyst NiFe₂O₄/ZnIn₂S₄/biochar for efficient removal of antibiotics in water under visible light: Performance, mechanism and pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124602. [PMID: 39079654 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The widespread presence of antibiotics in aquatic environments, resulting from excessive use and accumulation, has raised significant concerns. A NiFe₂O₄/ZnIn₂S₄/Biochar (NFO/ZIS/BC) magnetic nanocomposite was successfully synthesized, demonstrating significantly enhanced electron-hole separation properties. Comprehensive investigations were conducted to evaluate the impact of various parameters, including catalyst mass, pH, and the presence of co-existing ions on the composite's performance. The nanoparticles of NiFe₂O₄ (NFO) and ZnIn₂S₄ (ZIS) were found to improve the surface stability and sulfamethoxazole removal capabilities of porous biochar, while also demonstrating high total organic carbon removal efficiencies. •O₂⁻ and h⁺ were identified as the predominant reactive oxygen species (ROS) in NFO/ZIS/BC-4 during the degradation process. The degradation outcomes of sulfamethoxazole under natural sunlight and water conditions were consistent with laboratory findings, affirming the robust applicative potential of NFO/ZIS/BC. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the photocatalytic mechanism and identify potential intermediate products. Additionally, the types of heterojunctions present in the system were characterized and discussed. After multiple iterations, NFO/ZIS/BC-4 maintained effective photodegradation capabilities through five cycles. This study presents an effective method for the treatment of antibiotics in aquatic environments, offering significant potential for environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Xu
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031 China
| | - Ronggao Qin
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031 China; Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, China.
| | - Guangzhu Cao
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031 China; Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, China
| | - Yi Qiang
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031 China; Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, China
| | - Meidan Lai
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031 China
| | - Yanfeng Lu
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031 China; Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, China
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13
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Fu Y, Xu C, Liu X, Xue Y, Wang L, Li Q, Xia Y, Zhang Z, Chen J, Cao J, Qiu S, Wang Z. Superoxide Photoproduction from Wetland Plant-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter: Implications for Biogeochemical Impacts of Plant Invasion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12477-12487. [PMID: 38943037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Although the impacts of exotic wetland plant invasions on native biodiversity, landscape features, and carbon-nitrogen cycles are well appreciated, biogeochemical consequences posed by ecological competition, such as the heterogeneity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from plant detritus and its impact on the formation of reactive oxygen species, are poorly understood. Thus, this study delves into O2•- photogeneration potential of DOM derived from three different parts (stem, leaf, and panicle) of invasive Spartina alterniflora (SA) and native Phragmites australis (PA). It is found that DOM from the leaves of SA and the panicles of PA has a superior ability to produce O2•-. With more stable aromatic structures and a higher proportion of sulfur-containing organic compounds, SA-derived DOM generally yields more O2•- than that derived from PA. UVA exposure enhances the leaching of diverse DOM molecules from plant detritus. Based on the reported monitoring data and our findings, the invasion of SA is estimated to approximately double the concentration of O2•- in the surrounding water bodies. This study can help to predict the underlying biogeochemical impacts from the perspective of aquatic photochemistry in future scenarios of plant invasion, seawater intrusion, wetland degradation, and elevated solar UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chunxiao Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yanna Xue
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lingli Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jialin Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinhui Cao
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sifan Qiu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, China
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Shanghai 200241, China
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14
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Zhang J, Zhou Z, Zeng L, Wang C, Han R, Ren X, Wang W, Xiang M, Chen S, Li H. The molecular binding sequence transformation of soil organic matter and biochar dissolved black carbon antagonizes the transport of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174657. [PMID: 38986700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and dissolved black carbon (DBC) are significant environmental factors that influence the transport of organic pollutants. However, the mechanisms by which their molecular diversity affects pollutant transport remain unclear. This study elucidates the molecular binding sequence and adsorption sites through which DOM/DBC compounds antagonize the transport of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) using column experiments and modelling. DBC exhibits a high TCP adsorption rate (kn = 5.32 × 10-22 mol1-n∙Ln-1∙min-1) and conditional stability constant (logK = 5.19-5.74), indicating a strong binding affinity and antagonistic effect on TCP. This is attributed to the high relative content of lipid/protein compounds in DBC (25.65 % and 30.28 %, respectively). Moreover, the small molecule lipid compounds showed stronger TCP adsorption energy (Ead = -0.0071 eV/-0.0093 eV) in DOM/DBC, combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy model found that DOM/DBC antagonized TCP transport in the environment through binding sequences that transformed from lipid/protein small molecule compounds to lignin/tannin compounds. This study used a multifaceted approach to comprehensively assess the impact of DOM/DBC on TCP transport. It reveals that the molecular diversity of DOM/DBC is a critical factor affecting pollutant transport, providing important insights into the environmental trend and ecological effects of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhikang Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Lingjun Zeng
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Ruixia Han
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Xinlei Ren
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Wenbing Wang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Minghui Xiang
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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15
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Ma W, He J, Han L, Ma C, Cai Y, Guo X, Yang Z. Hydrophilic Fraction of Dissolved Organic Matter Largely Facilitated Microplastics Photoaging: Insights from Redox Properties and Reactive Oxygen Species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11625-11636. [PMID: 38848335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c11111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) exists widely in natural water, which inevitably influences microplastic (MP) photoaging. Nevertheless, the impacts of DOM fractions with diverse molecular structures on MP photoaging remain to be elucidated. This study explored the photoaging mechanisms of polylactic acid (PLA)-MPs and polystyrene (PS)-MPs in the presence of DOM and its subfractions (hydrophobic acid (HPOA), hydrophobic neutral (HPON), and hydrophilic (HPI)). Across DOM fractions, HPI exhibited the highest electron accepting capacity (23 μmol e- (mg C)-1) due to its abundant tannin-like species (36.8%) with carboxylic groups, which facilitated more reactive oxygen species generation (particularly hydroxyl radical), leading to the strongest photoaging rate of two MPs by HPI. However, the sequences of bond cleavage during photoaging of each MPs were not clearly shifted as revealed by two-dimensional infrared correlation spectra. Inconspicuous effects on the extent of PS- and PLA-MPs photoaging were observed for HPOA and HPON, respectively. This was mainly ascribed to the occurrence of inhibitory mechanisms (e.g., light-shielding and quenching effect) counteracting the reactive oxygen species-promoting effects. The findings identified the HPI fraction of DOM for promoting PS- and PLA-MPs photoaging rate and first constructed a link among DOM molecular structures, redox properties, and effects on MP photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Ma
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiehong He
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lanfang Han
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanpeng Cai
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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16
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Buckley S, McKay G, Leresche F, Rosario-Ortiz F. Inferring the Molecular Basis for Dissolved Organic Matter Photochemical and Optical Properties. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9040-9050. [PMID: 38743693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of photochemical and optical properties to characterize dissolved organic matter (DOM), a significant gap persists in our understanding of the relationship among these properties. This study infers the molecular basis for the optical and photochemical properties of DOM using a comprehensive framework and known structural moieties within DOM. Utilizing Suwannee River Fulvic Acid (SRFA) as a model DOM, carboxylated aromatics, phenols, and quinones were identified as dominant contributors to the absorbance spectra, and phenols, quinones, aldehydes, and ketones were identified as major contributors to radiative energy pathways. It was estimated that chromophores constitute ∼63% w/w of dissolved organic carbon in SRFA and ∼47% w/w of overall SRFA. Notably, estimations indicate the pool of fluorescent compounds and photosensitizing compounds in SRFA are likely distinct from each other at wavelengths below 400 nm. This perspective offers a practical tool to aid in the identification of probable chemical groups when interpreting optical and photochemical data and challenges the current "black box" thinking. Instead, DOM photochemical and optical properties can be closely estimated by assuming the DOM is composed of a mixture of individual compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Buckley
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Garrett McKay
- Zachry Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845, United States
| | - Frank Leresche
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Fernando Rosario-Ortiz
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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17
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Tang N, Guo Y, Zhu Z, Jiang L, Li N, Hu T, Lu L, Zhang J, Li X, Liang J. New Insights into Aggregation Behaviors of the UV-Irradiated Dissolved Biochars (DBioCs) in Aqueous Environments: Effects of Water Chemistries and Variation in the Hamaker Constant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8053-8064. [PMID: 38662987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The aggregation behavior of ubiquitous dissolved black carbon (DBC) largely affects the fate and transport of its own contaminants and the attached contaminants. However, the photoaging processes and resulting effects on its colloidal stability remain yet unknown. Herein, dissolved biochars (DBioCs) were extracted from common wheat straw biochar as a proxy for an anthropogenic DBC. The influences of UV radiation on their aggregation kinetics were systematically investigated under various water chemistries (pH, electrolytes, and protein). The environmental stability of the DBioCs before and after radiation was further verified in two natural water samples. Hamaker constants of pristine and photoaged DBioCs were derived according to Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) prediction, and its attenuation (3.19 ± 0.15 × 10-21 J to 1.55 ± 0.07 × 10-21 J after 7 days of radiation) was described with decay kinetic models. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the surface properties and aggregation behaviors of DBioCs were significantly correlated with radiation time (p < 0.05), indicating its profound effects. Based on characterization and experimental results, we proposed a three-stage mechanism (contended by photodecarboxylation, photo-oxidation, and mineral exposure) that DBioCs might experience under UV radiation. These findings would provide an important reference for potential phototransformation processes and relevant behavioral changes that DBC may encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Ziqian Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Longbo Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Lan Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
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18
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Xie H, Li Q, Wang M, Feng Y, Wang B. Unraveling the photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter derived from hydrothermal carbonization process water: Insights from molecular transformation and photoactive species. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133946. [PMID: 38442603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization process water (HTPW) has been utilized as a substitute for chemical fertilizers in agricultural applications. However, the input of HTPW into paddy water, particularly the significant proportion of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in HTPW (DOM-HTPW), directly engages in photochemical transformations, a phenomenon often overlooked. This study observed a consistent decrease in humification (SUVA280, 7.7-53.9%) and aromaticity (SUVA254, 6.1-40.0%) of DOM-HTPW after irradiation. The primary active photobleaching components of DOM-HTPW varied depending on the feedstock, such as protein for chicken manure DOM-HTPW and lignin for rice straw DOM-HTPW. The photochemical activity of DOM-HTPW was augmented by its lower molecular weight and higher hydrophilic composition, particularly evident in chicken manure DOM-HTPW, which exhibited higher generation rates for 1O2 (35.1-37.1%), 3DOM* (32.8-43.9%), and O2•- (28.6-48.8%) as measured by molecular probes. DOM-HTPW effectively facilitated the phototransformation of tetracycline, with the contribution of O2•- being more significant than 3DOM* and 1O2. These findings shed new light on the understanding the photochemical processes of DOM-HTPW as exogenous DOM and the interconnected fate of contaminants in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Minli Wang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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19
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Liu M, Lu Q, Siddique MS, Yu W. Molecular-weight dependent promotion and competition effects of natural organic matter on dissolved black carbon removal by coagulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141940. [PMID: 38588894 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) is the ubiquitous component of dissolved organic matter pools with the high reactivity for disinfection byproducts formation. However, it is unknown that the influence of molecular weight (MW) of natural organic matter (NOM) on the DBC removal from potable water sources. Therefore, it was studied that the DBC removal by coagulation in the presence of the NOM with various molecular weights. The DBC removal was promoted due to the presence of NOM and the promotion degree decreased with decreasing MW of NOM. Furthermore, the removal ratio of humic-like component increased as the MW of NOM decreased, suggesting that the competition between DBC and NOM increased with decreasing MW. The functional groups after coagulation were the same with that before coagulation as the MW of NOM varied, suggesting that the molecular structure was not the key factor of influencing the DBC removal. This study will give the deep insight into the prediction of the DBC removal ratio by coagulation based on the MW of NOM in water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Qingxuan Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China.
| | - Muhammad Saboor Siddique
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua-Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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20
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Zhang Y, Xiao Q, Wu W, Zhang X, Xu X, Yang S. Comparison of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM)-containing and WSOM-free biochars for simultaneous sorption of lead and cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171159. [PMID: 38387580 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The effects of individual biochar constituents and natural environmental media on the immobilization behaviors and chemical activities of toxic heavy metals are still poorly understood. In this work, the physicochemical properties of raw corn straw (CS) and CS-derived biochar materials as well as their sorption abilities and retention mechanisms for lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were evaluated by combining batch experiments and spectral approaches. According to the spectral analysis results and single variable principle, the setting of biochars after soaking in solution as the control group was suggested when evaluating their retention mechanisms for Pb and Cd. The rising of ionic strength did not apparently affect the immobilization of Pb by biochar prepared at 500 °C (i.e., CB500) and Pb/Cd by water-soluble organic matter (WSOM)-free CB500 (i.e., DCB500), while slightly inhibited the sorption of Cd by CB500. Pb and Cd exhibited a mutual inhibition effect on their sorption trends with a higher sorption preference of Pb. The dominant fixation mechanism of Pb by CB500 and DCB500 was identified to be mineral precipitation. In contrast, the main sorption mechanism of Cd changed from mineral precipitation in the single-metal system to surface complexation in the binary-metal system. The sorption ratios of Pb and Cd on CB500 were comparable to those on DCB500 with the coexistence of mixed natural organic matters (NOM) and ferrihydrite. The current experimental findings suggested that DCB500 was a suitable remediation agent for regulating the migration behaviors of toxic Pb and Cd in acidic and NOM-rich soil and water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Qi Xiao
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xuening Zhang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xinghua Xu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Shitong Yang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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21
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Guo S, Lyu H, Liu W, He Y, Tang J. Self-motivated photoaging of microplastics by biochar-dissolved organic matter under different pyrolysis temperatures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170043. [PMID: 38218483 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from biochar (BDOM) can interact with microplastics (MPs) in the environment, inevitably affecting their environmental behaviour. Information regarding the influence of BDOM on MPs during photoaging and associated variations in the MP aging mechanism remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of BDOM on the aging of polystyrene (PS) MPs. The results showed that among three pyrolysis temperatures, low-temperature BDOM significantly enhanced the photoaging process of PS MPs, with the smallest average particle size and highest carbonyl index value after 15 days of aging under light conditions. The DOM level decreased after 5 days, increased after 5-10 days, and stabilised after 15 d. BDOM accelerates PS MPs aging, leading to more DOM released from PS, which can be transformed into 1O2 via triplet-excited state (3DOM⁎ and 3PS⁎) to further enhance PS MPs aging, resulting in the realisation of the self-accelerated aging process of PS MPs. 1O2 plays a crucial role in the self-motivated accelerated aging process of PS MPs. These findings provide new insights into the effects of the DOM structure and composition on reactive oxygen species generation during MPs aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Weitao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuhe He
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jingchun Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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22
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Xu Z, Tsang DC. Mineral-mediated stability of organic carbon in soil and relevant interaction mechanisms. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2024; 3:59-76. [PMID: 38318344 PMCID: PMC10840363 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Soil, the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir, is central to climate change and relevant feedback to environmental health. Minerals are the essential components that contribute to over 60% of soil carbon storage. However, how the interactions between minerals and organic carbon shape the carbon transformation and stability remains poorly understood. Herein, we critically review the primary interactions between organic carbon and soil minerals and the relevant mechanisms, including sorption, redox reaction, co-precipitation, dissolution, polymerization, and catalytic reaction. These interactions, highly complex with the combination of multiple processes, greatly affect the stability of organic carbon through the following processes: (1) formation or deconstruction of the mineral-organic carbon association; (2) oxidative transformation of the organic carbon with minerals; (3) catalytic polymerization of organic carbon with minerals; and (4) varying association stability of organic carbon according to the mineral transformation. Several pieces of evidence related to the carbon turnover and stability during the interaction with soil minerals in the real eco-environment are then demonstrated. We also highlight the current research gaps and outline research priorities, which may map future directions for a deeper mechanisms-based understanding of the soil carbon storage capacity considering its interactions with minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C.W. Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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23
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Wang Z, Lin X, Yang K, Lin D. Differential photodegradation processes of adsorbed polychlorinated biphenyls on biochar colloids with various pyrolysis temperatures. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121174. [PMID: 38277821 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Despite the crucial role of photodegradation in the environmental transformation of organic pollutants, the photodegradation process of organic pollutants irreversibly absorbed on biochar colloids (BCCs) remains poorly understood. This study investigated the photodegradation processes and mechanisms of 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB28) adsorbed on BCCs released from bulk biochars derived from bamboo chips at pyrolysis temperatures of 300, 500, and 700 °C. Results show that BCCs-adsorbed PCB28 could be degraded under simulated solar illumination (95-105 mW·cm-2) but at decreased photodegradation rates compared to the dissolved PCB28. The inhibition effect of BCCs on the PCB28 photodegradation increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. After adsorptive binding to BCCs, the half-life of PCB28 (0.1 mg/L) was prolonged from 2.65 h for the dissolved PCB28 alone in deionized water to 7.48, 40.67, and 81.82 h in the presence of BCC300, BCC500, and BCC700 (5.0 mg/L), respectively. Mechanistically, the photodegradation of adsorbed pollutants was regulated by the photogenerated free radicals and surface functional groups of the low-temperature BCCs, as well as the defects and direct electron transfer capabilities of the high-temperature BCCs; PCB28 adsorbed on the low-temperature BCCs accepted electrons from persistent free radicals under light illumination, which led to PCB28 dechlorination, followed by ring-opening oxidation through hydroxyl radical attack, ultimately resulting in progressive mineralization; singlet oxygen caused preferential ring opening of adsorbed PCB28 on the high-temperature BCCs, preceding dechlorination. The photodegradation of BCCs-adsorbed PCB28 remained significant though more or less being inhibited under the effects of water pH, ionic strength, dissolved organic matters (humic acid and fulvic acid), and in natural water samples. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the structural properties of BCCs that impact phototransformation processes of adsorbed pollutants and facilitate an accurate assessment of the environmental risk associated with biochar application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmiao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xintong Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Ecological Civilization Academy, Anji 313300, China.
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24
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Li L, Cheng W, Xie X, Zhao R, Wang Y, Wang Z. Photo-Reactivity of dissolved black carbon unveiled by combination of optical spectroscopy and FT-ICR MS analysis: Effects of pyrolysis temperature. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121138. [PMID: 38244298 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) has high photoactivity, which plays an important role in contaminants photodegradation. However, it is unclear how pyrolysis temperatures would affect the composition and photo-reactivity of DBC at the molecular level. Herein, we combined complementary techniques to study the characteristics of DBC pyrolyzed at 200 - 500 ℃, as well as the photoproduction of reactive species and the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC). Bulk composition characterization found that condensed aromatic carbonyl compounds (ConAC) with narrow molecular weights in DBC experienced an increase from 200 to 500 °C, which enhanced the photoproduction of 3DBC*,1O2, and ·OH. Molecular-level data suggested that 3DBC* and 1O2 were both related to the same DBC compounds. Comparatively, the patterns for ·OH were less pronounced, implying its precursor was not 3DBC* and had more complexity. Plentiful CHOx species of ConAC in DBC400 and DBC500 (DBCT, where T = pyrolysis temperature) accelerated the generation of 3DBC* and 1O2, enhancing the photodegradation of TC, and mainly triplet states of quinones reacted with TC. In contrast, DBC200 and DBC300 exhibited inhibition since massive CHOx species in lignin-like reduced 3TC* to TC. Our data revealed the diverse photochemical behavior mechanisms of DBC pyrolyzed at 200 - 500 ℃ at the molecular level and the implications for aquatic contaminants photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Ranran Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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25
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E Z, Liang J, Li P, Qiang S, Fan Q. A review on photocatalytic attribution and process of pyrolytic biochar in environment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:120994. [PMID: 38277825 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Biochar has attracted significant attention due to its excellent environmental benefits and extensive applications. Recently, a consensus has been accepted that biochar can act as a photocatalyst and trigger effective photocatalytic reactions in the environment, which is important to energy conversion and the cycle of elements. However, its photocatalytic processes and the corresponding environmental impacts need to receive more and due attention. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the underlying correlations among the pyrolytic evolution of biomass, the structure characteristic of biochar, and the resultant photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the photocatalytic processes and the influence of environmental factors were elaborately investigated on biochar. Finally, future tendencies and challenges in the photocatalysis of biochar have been prospected in the environmental field. This review has offered innovative insights into the photocatalytic essential of biochar and highly enhanced the understanding of its environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang E
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianjun Liang
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lanzhou 730046, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ping Li
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lanzhou 730046, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Shirong Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lanzhou 730046, China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiaohui Fan
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lanzhou 730046, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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26
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Xu Z, Liu Z, Li S, Li F, Gao P, Wang S, Lin Y, Xiong G, Li Z, Peng H. Degradation of triclosan by peroxydisulfate/peroxomonosulfate binary oxidants activation under thermal conditions: Efficiency and mechanism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120211. [PMID: 38340664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) could be efficiently activated by heat to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the degradation of organic contaminants. However, defects including the inefficiency treatment and pH dependence of monooxidant process are prominent. In this study, synergy of heat and the PDS-PMS binary oxidant was studied for efficient triclosan (TCS) degradation and apply in rubber wastewater. Under different pH values, the degradation of TCS followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, the reaction rate constant (kobs) value of TCS in heat/PDS/PMS system increased from 1.8 to 4.4 fold and 6.8-49.1 fold when compared to heat/PDS system and heat/PMS system, respectively. Hydroxyl radicals (·OH), sulfate radicals (SO4·-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) were the major ROS for the degradation of TCS in heat/PDS/PMS system. In addition, the steady-state concentrations of ·OH/1O2 and SO4·-/·OH/1O2 increased under acidic conditions and alkaline conditions, respectively. It was concluded that the pH regulated the ROS for degradation of TCS in heat/PDS/PMS system significantly. Based on the analysis of degradation byproducts, it was inferred that the dechlorination, hydroxylation and ether bond breaking reactions occurred during the degradation of TCS. Moreover, the biological toxicity of the ten byproducts was lower than that of TCS was determined. Furthermore, the heat/PDS/PMS system is resistant to the influence of water substrates and can effectively improve the water quality of rubber wastewater. This study provides a novel perspective for efficient degradation of TCS independent of pH in the heat/PDS/PMS system and its application of rubber wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Xu
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Zhanpeng Liu
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Shunling Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Peng Gao
- City College, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650051, China
| | - Siyao Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Youcheng Lin
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Guomei Xiong
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Zhiqun Li
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Hongbo Peng
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
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27
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Zhou W, Li M, Liu Y. Revealing the generation of reactive oxygen species in hydrochar and pyrochar: Insight into rational regulation of free radicals and catalytic mechanism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119876. [PMID: 38157577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The removal of organic pollutants by biochar has been extensively studied. However, the differences in the removal mechanisms of contaminants by biochar obtained from different preparation techniques have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, the catalytic performances of hydrochar (HC) and pyrochar (PC) were compared in the dark and light. Owing to more persistent free radicals (PFRs), greater defects and stronger charge transfer ability on the surface, PC could produce a certain concentration of superoxide radicals (•O2-) even in the dark, making its degradation efficiency for benzoic acid (BA) 11% higher than that of HC. On the contrary, when the light was turned on, HC rather than PC can generate a higher amount of hydroxyl radical (•OH), resulting in an 11% higher degradation efficiency of BA compared to PC. The improvement of catalytic performance in HC originated from its oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs), which was beneficial for its effective production of singlet oxygen (1O2) and ·OH under light exposure. For PC, its photocatalytic activity depended mainly on the formation of 1O2 induced by the triplet of DOM (dissolved organic matter), but the lack of oxidative ·OH in its system leads to a lower degradation efficiency than that of HC. To prove the universal applicability of this rule for biochar materials, HC and PC materials obtained from soybean residue were also prepared for degrading BA. This work is devoted to an in-depth exploration of the catalytic activation mechanism of biochar obtained by different technological methods, and can create conditions for the generation of more dominant reactive oxygen species (ROS) on biochar, thus providing the guidance for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Mengke Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China.
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28
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Wang L, Feng J, Chen Q, Jiang H, Zhao J, Chang Z, He X, Li F, Pan B. Inhibition mechanisms of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter to triclosan photodegradation: A remarkable role of aliphatics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123056. [PMID: 38040184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals like triclosan (TCS) have been thought to be an emergent environmental pollutant. The ubiquitous dissolved organic matter (DOM) is able to interrelate with TCS and hamper its phototransformation. However, how the components in DOM can inhibit the photodegradation of DOM/TCS complex is largely unknown. Herein, we discovered that TCS photodegradation with biochar-derived DOM (BDOM) was interfered by both binding affinity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) productivity. BDOM can not only stimulate TCS photodegradation by producing ROS, but also inhibit the removal of TCS through the interactions between BDOMs and TCS. The quantification of BDOM's impact on TCS photodegradation revealed that BDOM hampered TCS removal with the proportion of -7.95 to -11.24% at pH 8.5, but strengthened it to 13.20% at pH 7.0. Binding process was more easily to inhibit TCS photodegradation in molecular form, while anionic TCS photodegradation was dominated by ROS productivity. Different inhibition mechanisms were involved in TCS photodegradation depending on the components of BDOMs. The hydroxyls and aromatic carbonyls might have hindered the attack of ROS on the phenolic hydroxyl of TCS via hydrogen bond interaction or π-π electron donor-acceptor interaction. Through hydrophobic interaction, the mobile aliphatics could greatly shield TCS to prevent ROS attack by wrapping or twining TCS, playing a significant role in inhibiting TCS removal. Results from this present study can afford a new viewpoint in elucidating the function of BDOMs in the phototransformation of organics and decrease the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhaofeng Chang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xinhua He
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Fangfang Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
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29
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Madhiyan M, Moor KJ. Singlet Oxygen Quantum Yields of Pyrogenic Dissolved Organic Matter from Lab-Prepared and Wildfire Chars. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1265-1273. [PMID: 38157474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Wildfires or prescribed fires release pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM) into the environment, which can photochemically produce singlet oxygen (1O2) in sun-lit surface waters. 1O2 quantum yields (ΦΔ) are well-studied for non-pyrogenic DOM, but little is understood about the 1O2 generation from pyDOM, especially the ΦΔ values from real wildfire samples and their wavelength dependence. In this study, time-resolved 1O2 phosphorescence was used to determine the wavelength-dependent ΦΔ values for pyDOM generated from wildfire char and a series of lab-prepared chars produced by combusting oak and pine wood. Wildfire and most lab-prepared pyDOM generally had similar ΦΔ values (2.1-2.7%) at 365 nm compared to the reference Suwannee River Natural Organic Matter (SRNOM) isolate (2.4%). Interestingly, pyDOM from the highest combustion temperature char was found to possess extremely low ΦΔ values compared to SRNOM and other pyDOM at all excitation wavelengths. In addition, it was revealed that the predicted steady-state concentration of 1O2 from pyDOM was similar to that from SRNOM, indicating that the addition of pyDOM from wood chars may not strongly impact surface water photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Madhiyan
- Utah Water Research Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Kyle J Moor
- Utah Water Research Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
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30
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Yin S, Wei C, Qu X, Fu H, Li B, Piao S, Tao S, Hatcher PG, Zhu D. Benzenepoly(carboxylic acid)s as Exclusive Intrinsic Markers to Assess Riverine Export of Dissolved Black Carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1142-1151. [PMID: 38159290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Landscape fires annually generate large quantities of black carbon. The water-soluble fraction of black carbon (i.e., dissolved black carbon/DBC) is an important constituent of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool, playing a crucial role in the global budget of refractory carbon and climate change. A key challenge in constraining the flux and fate of riverine DBC is to develop targeted and accurate quantification methods. Herein, we report that benzenepentacarboxylic acid (B5CA) intrinsically present in DBC can be used as an exclusive and holistic marker (representing both condensed aromatics and less-/nonaromatic fractions) for DBC quantification. B5CA was universally detected in water extractions of biochar and fire-affected soils with relatively large abundance but not produced by nonthermogenic processes. It has good mobility in the environment as it is not readily precipitated by cations or adsorbed by common geosorbents. B5CA also represents the recalcitrant components of DBC with excellent stability against photodegradation and biodegradation. Applying B5CA as the DBC marker in surface waters of the Changjiang River (i.e., the third largest river in the world), we calculate the DBC concentration in the downstream Changjiang River to be 4.8 ± 5.5% of the DOC flux. Our work provides a simple and reliable approach for the accurate quantification and source tracking of DBC in the soil and aquatic carbon pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Yin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chenhui Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Heyun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Bengang Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Patrick G Hatcher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, West Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Dongqiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Sun L, Wu P, Wang T, Wu J, Chen M, Shang Z, Dang Z, Zhu N. Photobleaching affects the carbon sequestration of dissolved black carbon on ferrihydrite: Perspective from molecular fractionation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168322. [PMID: 37939941 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Photobleaching generally changes the structure and properties of dissolved black carbon (DBC), which further affects distribution of DBC at mineral-water interface. Here, we investigated the effect mechanism by which DBC photobleaching on its sequestration on ferrihydrite (Fh) from perspective of molecular fractionation. Results indicated that continuous sunlight irradiation led to the photolysis of aromatic humic- and fulvic-like components and the carboxylation of the functional structure. DBC could be considerably sequestered on the Fh surface, and photobleached DBC (pDBC) with longer sunlight irradiation durations had lower adsorption capacity on Fh. The photo-absorption and photo-activity ability of residual DBC/pDBCs after adsorption significantly weakened, indicating that the photo-liable components with great photochemical properties were preferentially sequestered on Fh during adsorption fractionation at Fh-water interface. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) results showed high molecular weight, high O contents and high unsaturation compounds (such as polycyclic aromatics and polyphenols) were preferentially sequestered on Fh through ligand exchange between iron-coordinated hydroxyl and substituted carboxyl/hydroxyl in DBC. Among high unsaturation compounds, aromatic ring structures (C=C) were with greater affinity with Fh surface than CO in carboxyl/ester/quinone. Photobleaching caused the decrease in aromatic ring structures and the increase in CO in carboxyl, which was the key for weakening of sequestration of pDBC on Fh. Our findings prove that the photo-liable components of DBC are more tend to be sequestered on mineral, and promote the understanding of geochemical behavior of DBC in the solid earth interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiye Sun
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pingxiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Tianming Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiqing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongbo Shang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Nengwu Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Jiang H, Zhao M, Hong W, Song W, Yan S. Mechanistic and Kinetic Consideration of the Photochemically Generated Oxidative Organic Radicals in Dissolved Black Carbon Solutions under Simulated Solar Irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:760-770. [PMID: 38149879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The photochemically generated oxidative organic radicals (POORs) in dissolved black carbon (DBC) was investigated and compared with that in dissolved organic matter (DOM). POORs generated in DBC solutions exhibited higher one-electron reduction potential values (1.38-1.56 V) than those in DOM solutions (1.22-1.38 V). We found that the photogeneration of POORs from DBC is enhanced with dissolved oxygen (DO) increasing, while the inhibition of POORs is observed in reference to DOM solution. The behavior of the one-electron reducing species (DBC•-/DOM•-) was employed to explain this phenomenon. The experimental results revealed that the DO concentration had a greater effect on DBC•- than on DOM•-. Low DO levels led to a substantial increase in the steady-state concentration of DBC•-, which quenched the POORs via back-electron reactions. Moreover, the contribution of POORs to the degradation of 19 emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in sunlight-exposed DBC and DOM solutions was estimated. The findings indicate that POORs play an important role in the photodegradation of EOCs previously known to react with triplets, especially in DBC solutions. Compared to DOM solutions, POOR exhibits a lower but considerable contribution to EOC attenuation. This study enhances the understanding of pollutant fate in aquatic environments by highlighting the role of DBC in photochemical pollutant degradation and providing insights into pollutant transformation mechanisms involving POORs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Jiang
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Mengzhe Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Hong
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Song
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Shuwen Yan
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
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Ge Z, Ma Z, Hong W, Liu K, Yan S, Song W, Zhang J. Temporal variations in reactive oxygen species in biofilms of submerged macrophytes: The key role of microbial metabolism mediated by oxygen fluctuations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132542. [PMID: 37734308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in the biogeochemistry of aquatic environments, yet their occurrence and accumulation in the biofilm of submerged macrophytes have been poorly documented. Herein, we first investigated the light-dark cycling fluctuations of biofilm microenvironment and the temporal variations of a representative ROS (O2•-) during biofilm succession on the macrophyte leaves and subsequently quantified the photochemical processes in biofilms. The sustained production of O2•- exhibited a distinct rhythmic fluctuation from 32.49 ± 0.56 μmol/kg to 72.56 ± 0.92 μmol/kg FW, which simultaneously fluctuated with the dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and pH, all driven by the alternating oxic-anoxic conditions of biofilms. The intensities of O2•- and ROS firstly increased and then decreased throughout biofilm succession. The O2•- concentrations in biofilms from different waters followed the order of rural river water > landscape lake water > aquaculture pond water, and the leaf photosynthesis and microbial community played a key role. ROS production was significantly associated with Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, with contributions of 44.6%, 32.8%, and 15.2%, respectively. Partial least squares path modeling structural equation analysis showed that ROS production in leaf biofilms was mainly related to the microenvironment and microbial metabolism. These findings will facilitate the development of ecological restoration strategies in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhan Ge
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zihang Ma
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Wenjie Hong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Kexuan Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Shuwen Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Weihua Song
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
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34
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Gu X, Chen B, Liu H, Feng Y, Wang B, He S, Feng M, Pan G, Han S. Photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter derived from Alternanthera philoxeroides hydrochar: Insights from molecular transformation and photochemically reactive intermediates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132591. [PMID: 37778307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter (HDOM) enters aquatic ecosystems through soil leaching and surface runoff following the application of hydrochar. However, the photochemical behavior of HDOM remains unclear. The photo-transformation of HDOM was analyzed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), multiple spectroscopy methods, high-performance liquid chromatography, and combining synchronous fluorescence and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. The results showed that with the increase of carbonization temperature, amide II in protein-like substances were observed to be preferentially photolyzed, and the protein-like substances were more sensitive to low irradiation time, while the duration time of the photochemical behavior of amide II and aliphatic C-H were more persistent. FT-ICR MS results showed that N and S-containing molecules, including lignins and lipids were more sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation. Furthermore, the photo-transformation of HDOMs was accompanied by the generation of triple excited state dissolved organic matter and singlet oxygen. Our findings will be beneficial for understanding the mechanisms of photo-transformation of HDOM and for predicting the possible behaviors of hydrochar produced at different temperatures before large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincai Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingfa Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shiying He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Muhua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guojun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shiqun Han
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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35
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Guo S, Lu L, Chen B. Effects of carbon-silicon structure on photochemical activity of biochars. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140719. [PMID: 37967675 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has raised increasing concerns because of its great environmental impacts. It is known that the photocatalytic property of biochar is related to its carbon component and dissolved black carbon, but the effect of silicon component is ignored, and the effect of silicon and carbon phases was far less studied. This study systematically explored the photochemistry of silicon-rich and silicon-deficient biochar under light irradiation by using hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and sulfadiazine as representative pollutants for photoreduction and photooxidation, respectively. It was found that biochar had photoreduction activity under the enhancement of electron donors, and 80.1% Cr(VI) can be removed by biochar with crystalline silicon and carbon (i.e., RH900) after 12 h irradiation. Meanwhile after low temperature pyrolysis, biochar with amorphous silicon and carbon (i.e., RH600) had great photooxidation capacity, and 71.90% organic pollutant was degraded within 24 h. The reaction was illustrated by transient photocurrent response, and hydroxyl radical generation measurement, and other tests. A new photochemical mechanism of the synergy between silicon and carbon model was proposed to elucidate the redox reactions of pollutants under the light. Graphitic carbon or crystalline silicon formed under high temperature played a role of valence band which was excited under light irradiation and the effect of electron donors to benefit photoreduction, while amorphous silicon formed under low temperature facilitated photooxidation process by increasing reactive oxygen species concentration. This study provided a gist for biochar production and application in the field of photocatalysis, and contributed to the broader understanding of biochar geochemical behavior in natural sunlit system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Guo
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Lun Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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36
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Zhou Z, Yang L, Qu X, Fu H. Dissolved black carbon mediated photo-oxidation of arsenic(III) to arsenic(V) in water: The key role of triplet states. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140718. [PMID: 37972870 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a common contaminant found in natural waters, and has raised significant environmental concerns due to its toxicity and carcinogenicity. In this study, we investigated the mediated photo-oxidation of arsenite (As(III)) under simulated sunlight by dissolved black carbon (DBC), an important dissolved organic matter (DOM) constituent released from black carbon. Five DBC were collected from the water extracts of black carbons that were derived by pyrolyzing different biomass (i.e., bamboo, rice, peanuts, corn, and sorghum stalks), and four well-studied dissolved humic substances (DHS) were selected for benchmarking. The presence of DBC (i.e., 5 mg C-1) significantly accelerated the photo-oxidation of As(III) to arsenate (As(V)), with the observed pseudo-first-order rate constant of reaction increased by 5∼11 times. Quenching experiments of photochemically produced reactive intermediates suggested that As(III) was mainly oxidized by triplet-excited DBC (3DBC*, contribution of 48%), singlet oxygen (1O2, 18%) and superoxide anions (O2•-, 28%) in sunlight-irradiated DBC solutions. The average apparent quantum yield of As(III) photo-oxidation for DBC was found to be more than 4 times higher in comparison with DHS. Such a strong mediation efficiency of DBC was due to its smaller molecular size and higher aromaticity than DHS, which facilitated the non-charge-transfer process to produce triplet-excited states and their sensitized 1O2. Consistently, DBC exhibited a higher apparent quantum yield and a longer lifetime of triplet states as compared with DHS. The results imply that DBC may play a previously unrecognized important role in the fate of arsenic in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Lanqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Heyun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse/School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China.
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Yin Y, Wang Y, Si H, Shang J. Temporal changes of exposure to water on physic-chemical, stability, and transport characteristics of pyrogenic carbon colloids. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122834. [PMID: 37926407 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effect of the aging process on the properties of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is critical for predicting and evaluating its transport and fate. Water exposure is a common application scenario of PyC entering aquatic systems or flooded paddy fields, which might significantly affect the aging process. However, only some studies focused on the changes in PyC properties by water exposure treatment. In this study, the effect of water exposure on the mobility of PyC was investigated. Fresh PyC, PyC with 1.5 years and 3.5 years of water exposure were selected and named as CK, 1.5WA, and 3.5WA, respectively. Our results revealed that CK had the lowest intensity of surface functional groups (-OH, CO, and C-O-C) and the intensity of 3.5WA was higher than that of 1.5WA. There was no significant change in dissolved organic matter (DOM) content between fresh and aged PyC colloids. However, UV absorbance and its parameters (E2/E3, E4/E6, and SR) exhibited a comparable tendency to the abundance of functional groups (-OH, CO, and C-O-C). The fresh and aged PyC colloids showed high stability in Na+ and Ca2+ solutions at varying pH values (A/A0 > 85%), which was also observed in groundwater. The mobility of fresh and aged PyC colloids differed in Na+ (21.74%-57.19%), Ca2+ (14.30%-40.12%) solutions and groundwater (28.50%-44.24%), but exhibited similar order (3.5WA > 1.5WA > CK). The mechanism of the effect of water exposure on the property and mobility of PyC colloids was explored. This study provides the fundamental information to estimate PyC fate and transport after long-term water exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Yin
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Hongyu Si
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Jianying Shang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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38
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Tan Y, Sun S, Deng Z, Alvarez PJJ, Qu X. Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of dissolved black carbon released from biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165347. [PMID: 37419343 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) is an important constituent of the natural organic carbon pool, influencing the global carbon cycling and the fate processes of many pollutants. In this work, we discovered that DBC released from biochar has intrinsic peroxidase-like activity. DBC samples were derived from four biomass stocks, including corn, peanut, rice, and sorghum straws. All DBC samples catalyze H2O2 decomposition into hydroxyl radicals, as determined by the electron paramagnetic resonance and the molecular probe. Similar to enzymes that exhibit saturation kinetics, the steady-state reaction rates follow the Michaelis-Menten equation. The peroxidase-like activity of DBC is controlled by the ping-pong mechanism, as suggested by parallel Lineweaver-Burk plots. Its activity increases with temperature from 10 to 80 °C and has an optimum at pH 5. The peroxidase-like activity of DBC is positively correlated with its aromaticity as aromatics can stabilize the reactive intermediates. The active sites in DBC also involve oxygen-containing groups, as inferred by increased activity after the chemical reduction of carbonyls. The peroxidase-like activity of DBC has significant implications for biogeochemical processing of carbon and potential health and ecological impacts of black carbon. It also highlights the need to advance the understanding of the occurrence and role of organic catalysts in natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Su Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zehui Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Li Z, Samonte PRV, Cao H, Miesel JR, Xu W. Assess the formation of disinfection by-products from pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM): impact of wildfire on the water quality of forest watershed. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165496. [PMID: 37451447 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires can release pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM) into the forest watershed, which may pose challenges for water treatment operations downstream due to the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). In this study, we systematically assessed the physio-chemical properties of pyDOM (e.g., electron-donating and -accepting capacities; EDC and EAC) and their contributions to DBP formation under different disinfection scenarios using (1) ten lab samples produced from various feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures, and (2) pre- and post-fire field samples with different burning severities. A comprehensive suite of DBPs-four trihalomethanes (THMs), nine haloacetic acids (HAAs), and seven N-nitrosamines-were included. The formations of THM and HAA showed an up to 5.7- and 8.9-fold decrease as the pyrolysis temperature increased, while the formation of N-nitrosamines exhibited an up to 6.6-fold increase for the laboratory-derived pyDOM. These results were supported by field pyDOM samples, where the post-fire samples consistently showed a higher level of N-nitrosamine formation (i.e., up to 5.3-fold), but lower THMs and HAAs compared to the pre-fire samples. To mimic environmental reducing conditions, two field samples were further reduced electrochemically and compared with Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) to evaluate their DBP formation. We found increased DBP formation in pyDOM samples following electrochemical reduction but not for SRNOM, which showed increased N-nitrosamines but decreased THMs and HAAs post-electrochemical reduction. Furthermore, this study reported for the first time the formation of two previously overlooked N-nitrosamines (i.e., nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA)) in both laboratory and field pyDOM samples, raising concerns for drinking water safety given their higher toxicity as compared to the regulated counterparts. Results from this study provide new insights for DBP mitigation during post-fire recovery, which are particularly relevant to communities that rely on forest watersheds as their drinking water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
| | - Pamela Rose V Samonte
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
| | - Jessica R Miesel
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States of America
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America.
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E Z, Liang J, Dong Y, Chao Q, Li P, Fan Q. Different photoreduction processes of Cr(VI) on cellulose-rich and lignin-rich biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116819. [PMID: 37541418 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of biochar were prepared via pyrolyzing cellulose-rich pakchoi (PBC) and lignin-rich corncob (CBC) to explore the photoreduction process of Cr(VI). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed higher oxygenated functional groups in PBC (48.9%-57.1%), whereas CBC exhibited more aromatization properties due to the stable aromatic network in lignin. For PBC, the valence bands decreased from 1.42 eV to 1.20 eV with the increase of pyrolysis temperature from 300 °C to 500 °C; however, an opposite trend was observed for CBC. The photoreduction of Cr(VI) clearly showed that both PBC and CBC had the best performance at the carbonization temperature of 300 °C (named PBC300 and CBC300). It is noted that PBC300 exhibited the most effective photoreduction of Cr(VI), which was about 1.3 times higher than that of CBC300. The maximum reduction capacities of Cr(VI) were 68.2 mg g-1 on PBC300 and 66.1 mg g-1 on CBC300 at pH∼2.0. Compared with the insoluble char substances, dissolved black carbons made more contributions for Cr(VI) photoreduction, ∼70% in PBC and almost 100% in CBC, which suggested that in the case of PBC, the insoluble char and the corresponding dissolved black carbons play an important role in the photoreduction of Cr(VI). However, only dissolved black carbons contributed to Cr(VI) photoreduction on CBC. As the key reaction pathway, the interfacial electron transport dominated Cr(VI) reduction on PBC and CBC. Moreover, the radical of •O2- had some contribution to the reduction of Cr(VI) only in the PBC system. Interestingly, •OH could promote the photoreduction of Cr(VI) in both PBC and CBC systems, which might be due to the fact that •OH facilitated the formation of small molecule fragments. These findings provide an essential basis for evaluating the environmental impact of photocatalytic behaviors of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang E
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianjun Liang
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yaqiong Dong
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qian Chao
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ping Li
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiaohui Fan
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Strategic Mineral Resources of the Upper Yellow River, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Zhou Z, Wu H, Fu B, Wang Z, Hong R, Huang L, Gu X, Gu C, Jin X. Dissolved black carbon incorporating with ferric minerals promoted photo-Fenton-like degradation of triclosan in acidic conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132253. [PMID: 37567135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC) has been recognized as an important organic matter that influences the photochemical processes of organic pollutants. The excited triplet state (3DBC*) of DBC usually exhibits activity in neutral and basic aqueous conditions, rather than in acidic conditions. In this study, we found the crop (wheat, rice, maize) straw sourced DBC can substantially enhance the photodegradation of triclosan in relatively acidic conditions, and in the presence of ferric minerals (ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite), when exposed to simulated sunlight irradiation. This should be ascribed to the rapid non-reductive dissolution of ferric minerals by DBC, which leads to the generation of abundant hydrogen peroxides (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) through photo Fenton-like reactions. •OH is the dominant reactive species that leads to triclosan degradation in acidic conditions. Otherwise, triclosan itself is resistant to direct photolysis at pH < 5.0. The triplet state (3DBC*) plays a critical role in accelerating the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycling, which further promotes •OH generation. This study provides a new perspective on the role of DBC in surface water or mineral-water interfaces with acidic conditions and adds a more comprehensive understanding about the environmental implications of the DBC-ferric mineral system in sunlit surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Boming Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210019, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ran Hong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Liuqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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42
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He MT, Park CH, Shin YS, Kim JH, Cho EJ. Carthamus tinctorius L. Seed and Taraxacum coreanum Attenuate Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in SH-SY5Y Cells. Foods 2023; 12:3617. [PMID: 37835271 PMCID: PMC10572336 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is closely associated with the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. The seeds of Carthamus tinctorius L. (CTS) and Taraxacum coreanum (TC) are reported as herbal medicines for neuroprotection. This study investigated the protective effect of CTS, TC, and their combination against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in SH-SY5Y cells. The CTS and TC combination dose-dependently increased DPPH and ·OH radical scavenging activities compared with non-combination. The combination showed a higher increased cell survival rate in H2O2-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells than CTS or TC. Moreover, CTS, TC, and their combination-treated cells reduced LDH release and apoptotic cells. CTS, TC, and their combination also inhibited NO and ROS generation. Further, the combination of up-regulated antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and Bcl-2 protein expressions and down-regulated Bax expression. These findings suggest that the combination of CTS and TC may be beneficial to prevent and treat oxidative stress-mediated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tong He
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chan Hum Park
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Research Institute of Medical-Bio Convergence, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yu Su Shin
- Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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43
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Song F, Li T, Hur J, Shi Q, Wu F, He W, Shi D, He C, Zhou L, Ruan M, Cao Y. Molecular-level insights into the heterogeneous variations and dynamic formation mechanism of leached dissolved organic matter during the photoaging of polystyrene microplastics. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120114. [PMID: 37336181 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and their derivatives have received worldwide attention owing to their adverse effects on ecosystems. However, molecular diversity and dynamic formation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during the photoaging of MPs remain unclear. Herein, we explored a molecular‒level formation mechanism for polystyrene MP (MPPS)‒derived DOM (PSDOM) during the photoaging of MPs to explain the evolution, heterogeneity, and sequential response of molecules to irradiation. Two‒dimensional correlation spectroscopy was applied to correlate the variations of PSDOM molecules detected by Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry with those of MPPS functional groups detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Irradiation‒induced PSDOM contained the most highly unsaturated structures with oxygen, but showed fewer aromatic structures than natural aquatic DOM. Photochemical transformations occurred between saturated‒reduced and oxidized molecules during PSDOM leaching, with the low‒oxidized and high‒oxidized molecules undergoing considerable changes in the normal carbon oxidation state and molecular number, respectively. The primary sequential response of PSDOM molecules to increasing irradiation time [low‒oxidized/high‒weight (450
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Wei He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Di Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Mingqi Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuhan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Liu YJ, Yang HY, Hu YY, Li ZH, Yin H, He YT, Zhong KQ, Yuan L, Zheng X, Sheng GP. Face mask derived micro(nano)plastics and organic compounds potentially induce threat to aquatic ecosystem security revealed by toxicogenomics-based assay. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120251. [PMID: 37356160 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Micro(nano)plastics widely detected in aquatic environments have caused serious threat to water quality security. However, as a potential important source of micro(nano)plastics in surface water during the COVID-19 pandemic, the ecological risks of face mask waste to aquatic environments remain poorly understood. Herein, we comprehensively characterized the micro(nano)plastics and organic compounds released from four daily used face masks in aqueous environments and further evaluated their potential impacts on aquatic ecosystem safety by quantitative genotoxicity assay. Results from spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrum showed that plastic microfibers/particles (∼11%-83%) and leachable organic compounds (∼15%-87%) were dominantly emitted pollutants, which were significantly higher than nanoplastics (< ∼5%) based on mass of carbon. Additionally, a toxicogenomics approach using green fluorescence protein-fused whole-cell array revealed that membrane stress was the primary response upon the exposure to micro(nano)plastics, whereas the emitted organic chemicals were mainly responsible for DNA damage involving most of the DNA repair pathways (e.g., base/nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, double-strand break repair), implying their severe threat to membrane structure and DNA replication of microorganisms. Therefore, the persistent release of discarded face masks derived pollutants might exacerbate water quality and even adversely affect aquatic microbial functions. These findings would contribute to unraveling the potential effects of face mask waste on aquatic ecosystem security and highlight the necessity for more developed management regulations in face mask disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - He-Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yan-Yun Hu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zheng-Hao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Hao Yin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yun-Tian He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Keng-Qiang Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Li Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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45
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Xi N, Xia X, Li Y. Climate warming inhibits neonicotinoid photodegradation on vegetable leaves: Important role of the olefin group in leaf wax. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163399. [PMID: 37061057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid photodegradation is seldom considered in different vegetable leaves after spraying under climate warming. This study investigated the effect of elevated cultivated temperature from 15/10 °C to 21/16 °C on the photodegradation of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid on four vegetable leaves under simulated sunlight irradiation. The photodegradation rates of neonicotinoids on spinach leaves were 1.1-1.6, 1.1-2.0, and 1.4-2.4 times higher than those on pak choi, Chinese cabbage, and radish leaves, respectively. The higher production concentrations of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide radicals in spinach leaf wax may contribute to the fastest photodegradation among four vegetables. When the cultivated temperature increased from 15/10 °C to 21/16 °C, neonicotinoid photodegradation rates decreased by 1.4-2.8 times on the four vegetables. Elevated cultivated temperature decreased the polarity of wax, which reduced the contact probability of neonicotinoids with reactive species on vegetable leaves and photodegradation rates. A positive linear correlation was found between the content of CHCH groups in wax determining •OH generation and the neonicotinoid photodegradation rates on four vegetable leaves cultivated at three temperatures (R2 = 0.67-0.94). Insights into neonicotinoid photodegradation on edible vegetables under climate warming are of great significance for better evaluating human exposure to neonicotinoids through the dietary pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China; School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
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46
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Romeo D, Clement P, Wick P. Release and toxicity assessment of carbon nanomaterial reinforced polymers during the use and end-of-life phases: A comparative review. NANOIMPACT 2023; 31:100477. [PMID: 37499755 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2023.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The research on carbon-based nanomaterial (C-NM) composites has increased in the last two decades. This family of functional materials shows outstanding mechanical, thermal and electrical properties, and are being used in a variety of applications. An important challenge remains before C-NM can be fully integrated in our production industries and our lives: to assess the release of debris during production, use, and misuse of composites and the effect they may have on the environment and on human health. During their lifecycle, composites materials can be subjected to a variety of stresses which may release particles from the macroscopic range to the nanoscale. In this review, the release of debris due to abrasion, weathering and combustion as well as their toxicity is evaluated for the three most used C-NM: Carbon Black, Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene-related materials. The goal is to stimulate a Safe-By-Design approach by guiding the selection of carbon nano-fillers for specific applications based of safety and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Romeo
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Pietro Clement
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland.
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47
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Wei B, Li L, Xie X, Qi K, Wang Y, Wang Z. Effect of adsorption on ferrihydrite on the photoreactivity of dissolved black carbon for photodegradation of sulfadiazine. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139359. [PMID: 37379979 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The selective adsorption of dissolved black carbon (DBC) on inorganic minerals is a widespread geochemical process in the natural environment, which could change the chemical and optical properties of DBC. However, it remains unclear how selective adsorption affects the photoreactivity of DBC for photodegradation of organic pollutants. This paper was the first to investigate the effect of DBC adsorption on ferrihydrite at different Fe/C molar ratios (Fe/C molar ratios of 0, 7.50 and 11.25, and marked as DBC0, DBC7.50 and DBC11.25) on the photoproduction of reactive intermediates generated from DBC and their interaction with sulfadiazine (SD). Results showed that UV absorbance, aromaticity, molecular weight and contents of phenolic antioxidants of DBC were significantly decreased after adsorption on ferrihydrite, and higher decrease was observed at higher Fe/C ratio. Photodegradation kinetics experiments showed that observed photodegradation rate constant of SD (kobs) increased from 3.99 × 10-5 s-1 in DBC0 to 5.69 × 10-5 s-1 in DBC7.50 while decreased to 3.44 × 10-5 s-1 in DBC11.25, in which 3DBC* played important roles and 1O2 played a minor role, while ·OH was not involved in the reaction. Meanwhile, the second-order reaction rate constant between 3DBC* and SD (kSD, 3DBC*) increased from 0.84 × 108 M-1 s-1 for DBC0 to 2.53 × 108 M-1 s-1 for DBC7.50 while decreased to 0.90 × 108 M-1 s-1 for DBC11.25. The above results might be mainly attributed to the fact that the decrease of phenolic antioxidants in DBC weakened the back-reduction of 3DBC* and reactive intermediates of SD as the Fe/C ratio increased, while the decrease of quinones and ketones reduced the photoproduction of 3DBC*. The research revealed adsorption on ferrihydrite affected the photodegradation of SD by changing the reactivity of 3DBC*, which was helpful to understand the dynamic roles of DBC in the photodegradation of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wei
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Liangyu Li
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xie
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Kemin Qi
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yaodong Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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48
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Xue M, Li P, Li C, Qi Y, Han Z, Li J, Li A, Xia T. Transformation of graphene oxide affects photodegradation of imidacloprid in the aquatic environment: Mechanism and implication. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163108. [PMID: 37003175 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a representative novel carbonaceous nanomaterial, and neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) are currently the insecticides with the highest market share in the world. Their widespread application deservedly leads to their release to the environment. Thus, the complex interactions of these two types of organic compounds have attracted extensive attention. In this study, the effects of GO and its derivatives, reduced GO (RGO) and oxidized GO (OGO), on the photolysis of imidacloprid (IMD) (a typical NEO) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation were systematically investigated. The results showed that the presence of the graphene-based nanomaterials (GNs) largely depressed the photodegradation of IMD, and the inhibition degree followed the order of RGO > GO > OGO. This was because the sp2 π-conjugated structure in the GNs caused light-shielding effect and attenuated the direct photolysis of IMD, even though the GNs-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) promoted the indirect photodegradation of IMD to a certain extent. Additionally, the rich O-functionalized GO and OGO altered the photolysis pathway of IMD and induced more toxic intermediate products. These results highlight the implication of carbonaceous nanomaterials on the behavior, fate and potential risk of NEOs in aqueous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhu Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chang Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yonghao Qi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhentong Han
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianjiao Xia
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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49
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Tu YN, Tang W, Wu W, Liu H, Cui X, Tian S, Li Y, Jiao W. Inhibiting mechanisms of metal ion complexation on photogenerated reactive intermediates derived from dissolved black carbon. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139330. [PMID: 37364645 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved black carbon (DBC), an important photosensitizer in surface waters, can influence the photodegradation of various organic micropollutants. In natural water systems, DBC often co-occurs with metal ions as DBC-metal ion complexes; however, the influence of metal ion complexation on the photochemical activity of DBC is still unclear. Herein, the effects of metal ion complexation were investigated using common metal ions (Mn2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Al3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+). Complexation constants (logKM) derived from three-dimensional fluorescence spectra revealed that Mn2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, and Al3+ quenched the fluorescence components of DBC via static quenching. The steady-state radical experiment suggested that in the complex systems of DBC with various metal ions, Mn2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+ and Al3+ inhibited the photogeneration of 3DBC* via dynamic quenching, which reduced the yields of 3DBC*-derived 1O2 and O2·-. Moreover, 3DBC* quenching by metal ions was associated with the complexation constant. A strong positive linear relationship existed between logKM and the dynamic quenching rate constant of metal ions. These results indicate that the strong complexation ability of metal ions enabled 3DBC quenching, which highlights the photochemical activity of DBC in natural aquatic environments enriched with metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Na Tu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Weilin Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Huaying Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Xiangfen Cui
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | - Senlin Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | - Weidong Jiao
- Kunming Geol Prospecting Inst, China Met Geol Bur, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
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Yue Y, Xu L, Li G, Gao X, Ma H. Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter Released from Aged Biochar: A Comparative Study of Two Feedstocks and Multiple Aging Approaches. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114558. [PMID: 37299032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays important roles in environmental ecosystems. While many studies have explored the characteristics of aged biochar, limited information is available about the properties of DOM derived from aged biochar. In this study, biochar obtained from maize stalk and soybean straw were aged using farmland or vegetable-soil solution, as well as soil solution containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Chemical composition of the extracted DOM from the aged biochar was analyzed via excitation-emission matrix coupled with fluorescence regional integration (FRI) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Obtained results showed that biochar aged with H2O2-enriched soil solution had higher water-soluble organic carbon, ranging from 147.26-734.13% higher than the controls. FRI analysis revealed fulvic and humic-like organics as the key components, with a considerable increase of 57.48-235.96% in the humic-like component, especially in soybean-straw-aged biochar. PARAFAC identified four humic-like substance components. Concurrently, the aromaticity and humification of the aged-biochar-derived DOM increased, while the molecular weight decreased. These findings suggest that DOM derived from aged biochar, with a high content of humic-like organics, might impact the mobility and toxicity of pollutants in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yue
- Engineering & Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Leqi Xu
- Yantai Research Institute, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, China
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guitong Li
- Yantai Research Institute, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, China
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Engineering & Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Hongfang Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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