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Ao J, Bu L, Wu Y, Zhu S, Zhou S. Insights into the fate and properties of organic halamines during ultraviolet irradiation: Implications for drinking water safety. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:165994. [PMID: 37536590 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic halamines compounds present a significant threat to the safety of drinking water due to their potential toxicity and stability. While Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is commonly used for water treatment, its specific effects on organic halamines and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated eight amino acid-derived organic chlor- and bromamines as representative compounds. Our findings revealed that organic halamines have a slow hydrolysis rate (<10-3 M-1 s-1) and can persist in water for extended periods (30-2000 min). However, their disinfection efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and their ability to degrade micropollutants like carbamazepine were found to be limited. Interestingly, under UV irradiation, the N-X bonds in organic halamines were observed to break, leading to accelerated decomposition and the generation of abundant free radicals. These free radicals synergistically facilitated the removal of micropollutants and the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms. It is worth noting that this transformation of organic halamines during UV disinfection resulted in a slight increase in the concentrations of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts. These findings shed light on the behavior and characteristics of organic halamines during UV disinfection processes, providing crucial insights for effectively managing drinking water quality impacted by these compounds. By understanding the implications of organic halamines, we can refine water treatment strategies and ensure the safety of drinking water supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lingjun Bu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Shiqing Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
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2
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Bueno I, He H, Kinsley AC, Ziemann SJ, Degn LR, Nault AJ, Beaudoin AL, Singer RS, Wammer KH, Arnold WA. Biodegradation, photolysis, and sorption of antibiotics in aquatic environments: A scoping review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165301. [PMID: 37414169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of antibiotics in surface waters is a potential driver of antibiotic resistance and thus of concern to human and environmental health. Key factors driving the potential impact of antibiotics are their persistence and transport in rivers and lakes. The goal of this study was to describe the peer-reviewed published literature on the photolysis (direct and indirect), sorption, and biodegradation of a selected group of antibiotic compounds following a scoping review methodology. Primary research from 2000 to 2021 was surveyed to compile information on these processes for 25 antibiotics from 6 classes. After compilation and assessment of the available parameters, the results indicate that information is present to predict the rates of direct photolysis and reaction with hydroxyl radical (an indirect photolysis process) for most of the selected antibiotics. There is insufficient or inconsistent information for including other indirect photolysis processes, biodegradation, or removal via sorption to settling particles for most of the targeted antibiotic compounds. Future research should focus on collecting fundamental parameters such as quantum yields, second-order rate constants, normalized biodegradation rates, and organic carbon or surface area normalized sorption coefficients rather than pseudo-first order rate constants or sorption equilibrium constants that apply only to specific conditions/sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bueno
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Huan He
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Amy C Kinsley
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Sarah J Ziemann
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of St. Thomas, 2115 Summit Ave, St. Paul, MN 55015, USA
| | - Lauren R Degn
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of St. Thomas, 2115 Summit Ave, St. Paul, MN 55015, USA
| | - André J Nault
- Health Sciences Libraries, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Amanda L Beaudoin
- Health Sciences Libraries, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Randall S Singer
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Kristine H Wammer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of St. Thomas, 2115 Summit Ave, St. Paul, MN 55015, USA
| | - William A Arnold
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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3
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Xiao M, Tang X, Shi X, Zhang C. Indirect photodegradation of sulfadimidine and sulfapyridine: Influence of CDOM components and main seawater factors. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138821. [PMID: 37149098 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the indirect photodegradation of sulfadimidine (SM2) and sulfapyridine (SP) in the presence of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and studied the influences of main marine factors (salinity, pH, NO3- and HCO3-). Reactive intermediate (RI) trapping experiments demonstrated that triplet CDOM (3CDOM*) played a major role in the photodegradation of SM2 with a 58% photolysis contribution, and the contributions to the photolysis of SP were 32%, 34% and 34% for 3CDOM*, hydroxyl radical (HO·) and singlet oxygen (1O2), respectively. Among the four CDOMs, JKHA, with the highest fluorescence efficiency, exhibited the fastest rate of SM2 and SP photolysis. The CDOMs were composed of one autochthonous humus (C1) and two allochthonous humus (C2 and C3). C3, with the strongest fluorescence intensity, had the strongest capacity to generate RIs and accounted for approximately 22%, 11%, 9% and 38% of the total fluorescence intensity of SRHA, SRFA, SRNOM and JKHA, respectively, indicating the predominance of CDOM fluorescent components in the indirect photodegradation of SM2 and SP. These results demonstrated the photolysis mechanism: The photosensitization of CDOM occurred after its fluorescence intensity decreased, and a large number of RIs (3CDOM*, HO· and 1O2, etc.) were generated by energy and electron transfer, then these RIs reacted with SM2 and SP to cause photolysis. The increase in salinity stimulated the photolysis of SM2 and SP consecutively. The photodegradation rate of SM2 first increased and then decreased with increasing pH, whereas the photolysis of SP was remarkably promoted by high pH but remained stable at low pH. NO3- and HCO3- had little effect on the indirect photodegradation of SM2 and SP. This research may contribute to a better understanding of the fate of SM2 and SP in the ocean and provide new insights into the transformation of other sulfonamides (SAs) in marine ecological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, PR China; National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Beijing, 100194, China.
| | - Chuansong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
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4
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Sun Q, Yang J, Fan Y, Cai K, Lu Z, He Z, Xu Z, Lai X, Zheng Y, Liu C, Wang F, Sun Z. The role of trace N-Oxyl compounds as redox mediator in enhancing antiviral ribavirin elimination in UV/Chlorine process. APPLIED CATALYSIS. B, ENVIRONMENTAL 2022; 317:121709. [PMID: 35812172 PMCID: PMC9254691 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ribavirin (RBV) is an antiviral drug used for treating COVID-19 infection. Its release into natural waters would threaten the health of aquatic ecosystem. This study reports an effective approach to degrade RBV by the trace N-oxyl compounds (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) and N-Hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI)) enhanced UV activated free chlorine (UV/Chlorine) process. The results indicated that TEMPO and NHPI at low concentrations (0.1 μM and 1 μM, respectively) could strongly enhance RBV degradation in both deionized water with different pHs and practical surface water. The enhancement was verified to be attributed to the transformation of TEMPO and NHPI into their reactive forms (i.e., TEMPO+ and PINO), which generations deeply relied on radicals. The two N-oxyl compounds inhibit ClO• yield by hindering the reaction of free chlorine vs. HO• and Cl•. The analyses on acute toxicities of RBV degradation products indicate that UV/Chlorine/N-oxyl compounds process can detoxify RBV more efficiently than UV/Chlorine process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Yongjie Fan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Kaicong Cai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhilei Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zhenle He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zeping Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Xingteng Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Yuyi Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Changqing Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Feifeng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuang-qing Road, Beijing 100085, China
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5
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Tu Y, Tang W, Li Y, Pu J, Liao J, Wu W, Tian S. Insights into the implication of halogen ions on the photoactivity of dissolved black carbon for the degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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6
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Xu MY, Lin YL, Zhang TY, Liu Z, Li MY, Hu CY, Xu B. Organic chloramines attenuation and disinfection by-product formation during UV, chlorination and UV/chlorine processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135025. [PMID: 35598788 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic chloramines (OCs) have become one of the research focuses in the field of drinking water treatment due to its limited oxidation and sterilization ability as well as potential cytotoxicity and genetic toxicity to the public. Among widespread OCs, produced by chlorinating cytosine are a typical one exists during chlorine disinfection. OCs degradation during UV, chlorination and UV/chlorine processes were systematically investigated. UV irradiation at 254 nm could effectively degrade OCs by 96.6% after 60 min, mainly because N-Cl bond had significant UV absorption at 250-280 nm leading to the generation of Cl• and HO•. Direct chlorination had poor removal of OCs with the OCs concentration increased first and then decreased as time went by. On the other hand, the removal of OCs during UV/chlorination was much higher than that during chlorination, but was worse than that during UV alone. pH had a minor effect on OCs decomposition via UV irradiation, whereas the effect was pronounced in the chlorination and UV chlorine processes. UV wavelength can affect the degradation of OCs with efficiency decreased in the order of UV 254 > UV 265 > UV 275. The total yields of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during the degradation of OCs followed UV/chlorine > UV > chlorination. CH and DCAA were the two dominant types of DBPs among detected 7 DBPs. DBPs yield followed the order of UV254 > UV265 > UV275 at pH 6.0 and 7.0. After UV 265 irradiation, DBPs yield slightly decreased by 2.4%, 3.0% and 6.6% with the pH increased from 6.0 to 9.0. The results can provide theoretical basis for effective control of OCs in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yi-Li Lin
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tian-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Meng-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Chen-Yan Hu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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7
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Zhang Y, Zhao YG, Hu Y, Gao M, Guo L, Ji J. Insight in degradation of tetracycline in mariculture wastewater by ultraviolet/persulfate advanced oxidation process. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113324. [PMID: 35439457 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The direct discharge of trace amounts of antibiotics in mariculture wastewater results in adverse effect on the ecological environment of receiving waters. Hence, the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in mariculture wastewater by the ultraviolet/peroxydisulfate (UV/PS) process was investigated in this study. The results revealed that 95.73% removal of TC with 5 mg/L dosage was achieved after 30 min UV/PS treatment. Chloride ion (Cl-) in mariculture wastewater slightly inhibited TC degradation by scavenging free radicals. Comparably, bromine ion (Br-) significantly enhanced the removal of TC and even doubled the degradation rate. Reactive bromine species (RBS) made a major contribution to the TC removal, followed by free chlorine and other reactive chlorine species (RCS). The TC degradation pathway revealed that functional group shedding and ring-opening reactions occurred successively. In addition, TC mineralization rate was low within 30 min, causing the inefficient reduction of acute toxicity of TC and its intermediates, which could be improved by optimizing the process parameters. These results indicated that UV/PS is a new alternative process for the harmless treatment of mariculture wastewater containing the antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yang-Guo Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Yubo Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Junyuan Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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8
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Lu Z, Ling Y, Sun W, Liu C, Mao T, Ao X, Huang T. Antibiotics degradation by UV/chlor(am)ine advanced oxidation processes: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119673. [PMID: 35760199 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are emerging contaminants in aquatic environments which pose serious risks to the ecological environment and human health. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on ultraviolet (UV) light have good application prospects for antibiotic degradation. As new and developing UV-AOPs, UV/chlorine and derived UV/chloramine processes have attracted increasing attention due to the production of highly reactive radicals (e.g., hydroxyl radical, reactive chlorine species, and reactive nitrogen species) and also because they can provide long-lasting disinfection. In this review, the main reaction pathways of radicals formed during the UV/chlor (am)ine process are proposed. The degradation efficiency, influencing factors, generation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), and changes in toxicity that occur during antibiotic degradation by UV/chlor (am)ine are reviewed. Based on the statistics and analysis of published results, the effects caused by energy consumption, defined as electrical energy per order (EE/O), increase in the following order: UV/chlorine < UV/peroxydisulfate (PDS)< UV/H2O2 < UV/persulfate (PS) < 265 nm and 285 nm UV-LED/chlorine (EE/O). Some inherent problems that affect the UV/chlor (am)ine processes and prospects for future research are proposed. The use of UV/chlor (am)ine AOPs is a rich field of research and has promising future applications, and this review provides a theoretical basis for that.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanchen Ling
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Chaoran Liu
- Beijing Waterworks Group Co., LTD, Beijing, 100031, China
| | - Ted Mao
- Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215163, China; MW Technologies, Inc., London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiuwei Ao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianyin Huang
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
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9
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Wojnárovits L, Wang J, Chu L, Takács E. Rate constants of chlorine atom reactions with organic molecules in aqueous solutions, an overview. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:55492-55513. [PMID: 35688978 PMCID: PMC9374632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20807-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rate constants of chlorine atom (Cl•) reactions (kCl•) determined using a large variation of experimental methods, including transient measurements, steady-state and computation techniques, were collected from the literature and were discussed together with the reaction mechanisms. The kCl• values are generally in the 108-109 mol-1 dm3 s-1 range when the basic reaction between the Cl• and the target molecule is H-atom abstraction. When Cl• addition to double bonds dominates the interaction, the kCl• values are in the 1 × 109-2 × 1010 mol-1 dm3 s-1 range. In the kCl• = 1 × 1010-4 × 1010 mol-1 dm3 s-1 range, single-electron-transfer reactions may also contribute to the mechanism. The Cl• reactions with organic molecules in many respects are similar to those of •OH, albeit Cl• seems to be less selective as •OH. However, there is an important difference, as opposed to Cl• in the case of •OH single-electron-transfer reactions have minor importance. The uncertainty of Cl• rate constant determinations is much higher than those of •OH. Since Cl• reactions play very important role in the emerging UV/chlorine water purification technology, some standardization of the rate constant measuring techniques and more kCl• measurements are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Wojnárovits
- Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, Radiation Chemistry Department, ELKH, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Libing Chu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Erzsébet Takács
- Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, Radiation Chemistry Department, ELKH, Budapest, Hungary.
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10
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Delgado-Vargas CA, Espinosa-Barrera PA, Villegas-Guzman P, Martínez-Pachón D, Moncayo-Lasso A. An efficient simultaneous degradation of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim by photoelectro-Fenton process under non-modified pH using a natural citric acid source: study of biodegradability, ecotoxicity, and antibacterial activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:42275-42289. [PMID: 34993786 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the use of natural organic wastes (orange and lemon peels) as sources of citric acid was evaluated along with the application of the photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) system under non-modified pH as a novel alternative to degrade a complex mixture of pharmaceuticals: sulfamethoxazole (SMX-7.90 × 10-5 mol/L) and trimethoprim (TMP-6.89 × 10-5 mol/L). The system was equipped with a carbon felt air diffusion cathode (GDE) and a Ti/IrO2 anode doped with SnO2 (DSA). A 3.6 × 10-5 mol/L solution of commercial citric acid was used as a reference. The pharmaceuticals' evolution in the mixture was followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The addition of natural products showed an efficient simultaneous degradation of the antibiotics (100% of SMX and TMP at 45 min and 90 min, respectively) similar to the performance produced by adding the commercial citric acid to the PEF system. Moreover, the addition of natural products allowed for an increment of biodegradability (100% removal of TOC by a modified Zahn Wellens test) and a decrease in ecotoxicity (0% in the bioassay with D. Magna) of the treated solutions. The antibacterial activity was eliminated after only 45 min of treatment, suggesting that the degradation by-products do not represent a significant risk to human health or the environment in general. Results suggest that, because of the efficient formation of Fe-citrate complexes, the PEF could be enhanced by the addition of natural organic wastes as a sustainable alternative ecological system for water contaminated pharmaceuticals. Additionally, the potential of reusing natural organic wastes has been exposed, contributing to an improved low-cost PEF by decreasing the environmental contamination produced by this type of waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Andrés Delgado-Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas Y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
- Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
| | - Paula Andrea Espinosa-Barrera
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas Y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
- Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
| | - Paola Villegas-Guzman
- Grupo de Investigación Materiales, Ambiente y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de La Amazonia, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Diana Martínez-Pachón
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas Y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Moncayo-Lasso
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas Y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
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11
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Li J, Zhao L, Feng M, Huang CH, Sun P. Abiotic transformation and ecotoxicity change of sulfonamide antibiotics in environmental and water treatment processes: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117463. [PMID: 34358906 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonamides (SAs) are among the most widely used antibiotics to treat bacterial infections for humans and animals. They are also used in livestock agriculture to improve growth and feed efficiency in many countries. Recent years, there is a growing concern about the environmental fate and treatment technologies of SAs, in order to eliminate their potential impact on the ecosystem and human health. Additionally, SAs are frequently used as model compounds to evaluate the performance of newly developed advanced water treatment processes. Hence, understanding the chemical reaction features of SAs can provide valuable information for further technological development. In this review, the reaction kinetics, abiotic transformations and corresponding ecotoxicity changes of SAs in natural environments and water treatment processes were comprehensively analyzed to draw critical suggestion and new insights. The •OH-based AOP is proposed as an effective method for the elimination of SAs toxicity, although it is susceptible to water constituent due to low selectivity. The application of biochar or metal-based oxidants in AOPs is becoming a future trend for SA treatment. Overall, this review would provide useful information for the development of advanced water treatment technologies and the control of ecological risks related to SAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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12
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Wojnárovits L, Takács E. Rate constants of dichloride radical anion reactions with molecules of environmental interest in aqueous solution: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41552-41575. [PMID: 34086177 PMCID: PMC8354983 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14453-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural waters, water droplets in the air at coastal regions and wastewaters usually contain chloride ions (Cl-) in relatively high concentrations in the milimolar range. In the reactions of highly oxidizing radicals (e.g., •OH, •NO3, or SO4•-) in the nature or during wastewater treatment in advanced oxidation processes the chloride ions easily transform to chlorine containing radicals, such as Cl•, Cl2•-, and ClO•. This transformation basically affects the degradation of organic molecules. In this review about 400 rate constants of the dichloride radical anion (Cl2•-) with about 300 organic molecules is discussed together with the reaction mechanisms. The reactions with phenols, anilines, sulfur compounds (with sulfur atom in lower oxidation state), and molecules with conjugated electron systems are suggested to take place with electron transfer mechanism. The rate constant is high (107-109 M-1 s-1) when the reduction potential the one-electron oxidized species/molecule couple is well below that of the Cl2•-/2Cl- couple.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Wojnárovits
- Radiation Chemistry Department, Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, H-1121 Konkoly-Thege Miklós út, Budapest, 29-33, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Takács
- Radiation Chemistry Department, Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, H-1121 Konkoly-Thege Miklós út, Budapest, 29-33, Hungary.
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13
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Ruan X, Zhang X, Lei Y, Lei X, Wang C, Yang X. UV 254 irradiation of N-chloro-α-amino acids: Kinetics, mechanisms, and N-DBP formation potentials. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 199:117204. [PMID: 34004443 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of N-chloro-α-amino acids and the changes in the formation potential of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) upon UV254 irradiation. UV254 irradiation significantly accelerated the degradation of all the tested N-chloro-α-amino acids compared to those in the dark. Both direct photolysis-induced cleavage of the N-Cl bonds and radical oxidation (e.g., Cl• and Cl2•-) involved reactions that contributed to their enhanced degradation. The fluence-based photolysis rate constants of the N-chloro-α-amino acids varied in the range of (1.06-5.47) × 10-3 cm2 mJ-1 at pH 6.0 and (0.74-2.79) × 10-3 cm2 mJ-1 at pH 8.0. The apparent quantum yields (Φapp) of the majority of the N-chloro-α-amino acids were in the range of 0.41-0.95 at pH 6.0 and 0.22-0.79 at pH 8.0, except N-chloroaspartic acid, N-chlorohistidine, and N-chloroalanine. UV254 irradiation significantly enhanced the formation of trichloronitromethane (TCNM) from the tested N-chloro-α-amino acids after post-chlorination, but exhibited various effects on the formation of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN). A longer UV254 irradiation time generated more TCNM, and a lower pH produced more DCAN from the N-chloro-α-amino acids. The degradation pathways of N-chlorotyrosine, as a representative N-chloro-α-amino acid, are proposed, and the β-scission and 1,2-H shift pathways led to the formation of different precursors of TCNM and DCAN. The results of this study improve our understanding of the fate of N-chloro-α-amino acids under UV254 irradiation and post-chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Ruan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Yu Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xin Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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14
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Espinosa-Barrera PA, Delgado-Vargas CA, Martínez-Pachón D, Moncayo-Lasso A. Using computer tools for the evaluation of biodegradability, toxicity, and activity on the AT1 receptor of degradation products identified in the removal of valsartan by using photo-electro-Fenton process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23984-23994. [PMID: 33405147 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work deals with the theoretical approach of biodegradability, lipophilicity, and physiological activity of VAL and four degradation products (DPs) detected after 20 min of the photo-electro-Fenton (PEF) process. The biodegradability calculation, taking into account the change in the theoretical oxygen demand, showed that the four DPs had a more negative value than VAL, indicating that they are more susceptible to oxidation. However, these results do not imply more accessible biotransformation pathways than VAL, as observed using the EAWAG-BBD program, through which neutral biotransformation pathway prediction for VAL and DPs was made. Subsequently, by calculating the theoretical lipophilicity of the molecules (log P), the theoretical toxicity of the DPs was proposed, where the DPs had log P values between 1 and 3, lower values than those of VAL (log P = 4), indicating that DPs could be less toxic than the original compound (VAL). Both results suggest that VAL degradation (by photo-electro-Fenton process proposed) yields a positive effect on the environment. Finally, when molecular dynamic simulations were carried out, it was observed that DP1, DP2, and DP3 maintained similar interactions to those of VAL with the binding site of the AT1R. DP4 did not show any interaction. These results indicated that, despite the presence of DPs, generated after 20 min of the treatment, they could not exert a physiological activity in any organism the same way that does VAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andrea Espinosa-Barrera
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - Carlos Andrés Delgado-Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - Diana Martínez-Pachón
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia.
| | - Alejandro Moncayo-Lasso
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia.
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15
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Wu M, Tang Y, Liu Q, Tan Z, Wang M, Xu B, Xia S, Mao S, Gao N. Highly efficient chloramphenicol degradation by UV and UV/H 2 O 2 processes based on LED light source. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:2049-2059. [PMID: 32474955 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, UV-LED was employed as a novel light source to investigate the degradation of a representative antibiotic compound, chloramphenicol (CAP), in the absence or presence of H2 O2 . The UV-LED irradiation showed a higher capability for degradation of CAP than conventional UV-Hg vapor lamps. Effects of the initial CAP concentration, UV wavelength, and light intensity on the degradation of CAP by UV-LED were evaluated. Introduction of H2 O2 evidently enhanced the degradation efficiency of CAP due to the production of reactive hydroxyl radicals. Results showed that the UV-LED/H2 O2 removed CAP by up to 95% within 60 min at pH 5.0, which was twice as that achieved by the UV-LED alone. The degradation products were identified to propose plausible degradation pathways. Moreover, the formation potentials of typical carbonaceous disinfection by-products (C-DBPs) and nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) were assessed for the CAP polluted water treated by the UV-LED alone and UV-LED/H2 O2 processes. Results indicate unintended formation of certain DBPs, thereby highlighting the importance of health risk assessments before practical application. This study opens a new avenue for developing environment-friendly and high-performance UV-LED photocatalytic reactors for abatement of CAP pollution in water. PRACTITIONER POINTS: UV-LED bore higher capability to degrade CAP than low-pressure Hg lamp. The optimal performance to degrade CAP can be achieved at the UV wavelength of 280 nm. The degradation efficiency under UV-LED/H2 O2 process was double of that under UV-LED process. TCM, DCAN, and TCNM formation were higher under the existence of UV-LED radiation. The addition of H2 O2 had greater influence on the formation of DCAcAm than the introduction of UV-LED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenjiao Tan
- Wuxi Public Utilities Environment Testing Research Institute Co. Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Mu Wang
- Wuxi Public Utilities Environment Testing Research Institute Co. Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengji Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Naiyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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