1
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Greten L, Salzwedel R, Göde T, Greten D, Reich S, Hughes S, Selig M, Knorr A. Strong Coupling of Two-Dimensional Excitons and Plasmonic Photonic Crystals: Microscopic Theory Reveals Triplet Spectra. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:1396-1411. [PMID: 38645994 PMCID: PMC11027155 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are direct-gap semiconductors with strong light-matter interactions featuring tightly bound excitons, while plasmonic crystals (PCs), consisting of metal nanoparticles that act as meta-atoms, exhibit collective plasmon modes and allow one to tailor electric fields on the nanoscale. Recent experiments show that TMDC-PC hybrids can reach the strong-coupling limit between excitons and plasmons, forming new quasiparticles, so-called plexcitons. To describe this coupling theoretically, we develop a self-consistent Maxwell-Bloch theory for TMDC-PC hybrid structures, which allows us to compute the scattered light in the near- and far-fields explicitly and provide guidance for experimental studies. One of the key findings of the developed theory is the necessity to differentiate between bright and originally momentum-dark excitons. Our calculations reveal a spectral splitting signature of strong coupling of more than 100 meV in gold-MoSe2 structures with 30 nm nanoparticles, manifesting in a hybridization of the plasmon mode with momentum-dark excitons into two effective plexcitonic bands. The semianalytical theory allows us to directly infer the characteristic asymmetric line shape of the hybrid spectra in the strong coupling regime from the energy distribution of the momentum-dark excitons. In addition to the hybridized states, we find a remaining excitonic mode with significantly smaller coupling to the plasmonic near-field, emitting directly into the far-field. Thus, hybrid spectra in the strong coupling regime can contain three emission peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Greten
- Institut
für Theoretische Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Salzwedel
- Institut
für Theoretische Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Göde
- Institut
für Theoretische Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Greten
- Institut
für Theoretische Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Reich
- Experimentelle
Festkörperphysik, Freie Universität
Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephen Hughes
- Department
of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Malte Selig
- Institut
für Theoretische Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Knorr
- Institut
für Theoretische Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Chen CA, Chen PH, Zheng YX, Chen CH, Hsu MK, Hsu KC, Lai YY, Chuu CS, Deng H, Lee YH. Tunable Single-Photon Emission with Wafer-Scale Plasmonic Array. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3395-3403. [PMID: 38359157 PMCID: PMC10958497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Bright, scalable, and deterministic single-photon emission (SPE) is essential for quantum optics, nanophotonics, and optical information systems. Recently, SPE from hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has attracted intense interest because it is optically active and stable at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate a tunable quantum emitter array in h-BN at room temperature by integrating a wafer-scale plasmonic array. The transient voltage electrophoretic deposition (EPD) reaction is developed to effectively enhance the filling of single-crystal nanometals in the designed patterns without aggregation, which ensures the fabricated array for tunable performances of these single-photon emitters. An enhancement of ∼500% of the SPE intensity of the h-BN emitter array is observed with a radiative quantum efficiency of up to 20% and a saturated count rate of more than 4.5 × 106 counts/s. These results suggest the integrated h-BN-plasmonic array as a promising platform for scalable and controllable SPE photonics at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-An Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Xiang Zheng
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Han Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Kai Hsu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chieh Hsu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Lai
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2122, United
States
| | - Chih-Sung Chuu
- Department
of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hui Deng
- Department
of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2122, United
States
| | - Yi-Hsien Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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3
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Ning S, Liu Z, Wang S, Zhang N, Yang B, Wang X, Zhang F. Remarkable emission enhancement of CsPbBr 3 quantum dots based on an Ag nanoparticle-Ag film plasmonic coupling structure. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:9276-9286. [PMID: 38571165 DOI: 10.1364/oe.515772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
All-inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have recently received much attention due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. And their emission properties still need to be improved for further applications. Here, we demonstrated a remarkable emission enhancement of the CsPbBr3 QDs based on an Ag nanoparticle-Ag film plasmonic coupling structure. Through precise control of the gap distance between Ag nanoparticle and Ag film, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak was tuned to match the emission wavelength of the CsPbBr3 QDs. We achieved a 30-fold fluorescence intensity enhancement and a lower lasing threshold, which is 25% of that of the CsPbBr3 QDs without plasmonic coupling structure. It is attributed to that the plasmonic coupling structure exhibits an extremely strong local electric field owing to the coupling between LSPR of Ag nanoparticle and surface plasmon polariton of Ag film. This work provides an effective way to enhance the optical emission of perovskite QDs and promotes the further exploration of on-chip light source.
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4
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Kang H, Ma J, Li J, Zhang X, Liu X. Exciton Polaritons in Emergent Two-Dimensional Semiconductors. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24449-24467. [PMID: 38051774 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The "marriage" of light (i.e., photon) and matter (i.e., exciton) in semiconductors leads to the formation of hybrid quasiparticles called exciton polaritons with fascinating quantum phenomena such as Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) and photon blockade. The research of exciton polaritons has been evolving into an era with emergent two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and photonic structures for their tremendous potential to break the current limitations of quantum fundamental study and photonic applications. In this Perspective, the basic concepts of 2D excitons, optical resonators, and the strong coupling regime are introduced. The research progress of exciton polaritons is reviewed, and important discoveries (especially the recent ones of 2D exciton polaritons) are highlighted. Subsequently, the emergent 2D exciton polaritons are discussed in detail, ranging from the realization of the strong coupling regime in various photonic systems to the discoveries of attractive phenomena with interesting physics and extensive applications. Moreover, emerging 2D semiconductors, such as 2D perovskites (2DPK) and 2D antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductors, are surveyed for the manipulation of exciton polaritons with distinct control degrees of freedom (DOFs). Finally, the outlook on the 2D exciton polaritons and their nonlinear interactions is presented with our initial numerical simulations. This Perspective not only aims to provide an in-depth overview of the latest fundamental findings in 2D exciton polaritons but also attempts to serve as a valuable resource to prospect explorations of quantum optics and topological photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Kang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Ma
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, P. R. China
- Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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5
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Lawless J, McCormack O, Pepper J, McEvoy N, Bradley AL. Spectral Tuning of a Nanoparticle-on-Mirror System by Graphene Doping and Gap Control with Nitric Acid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38901-38909. [PMID: 37534572 PMCID: PMC10436242 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-on-mirror systems are a stable, robust, and reproducible method of squeezing light into sub-nanometer volumes. Graphene is a particularly interesting material to use as a spacer in such systems as it is the thinnest possible 2D material and can be doped both chemically and electrically to modulate the plasmonic modes. We investigate a simple nanoparticle-on-mirror system, consisting of a Au nanosphere on top of an Au mirror, separated by a monolayer of graphene. With this system, we demonstrate, with both experiments and numerical simulations, how the doping of the graphene and the control of the gap size can be controlled to tune the plasmonic response of the coupled nanosphere using nitric acid. The coupling of the Au nanosphere and Au thin film reveals multipolar modes which can be tuned by adjusting the gap size or doping an intermediate graphene monolayer. At high doping levels, the interaction between the charge-transfer plasmon and gap plasmon leads to splitting of the plasmon energies. The study provides evidence for the unification of theories proposed by previous works investigating similar systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lawless
- School
of Physics and AMBER, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Oisín McCormack
- School
of Physics and AMBER, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joshua Pepper
- School
of Chemistry and AMBER, Trinity College
Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Niall McEvoy
- School
of Chemistry and AMBER, Trinity College
Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - A. Louise Bradley
- School
of Physics and AMBER, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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6
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Yang X, Liao Z, Chu Z, Zhu X, Da H. Enhanced Goos-Hänchen shift in a defective Pell quasiperiodic photonic crystal with monolayer MoS 2. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:5861-5866. [PMID: 37706934 DOI: 10.1364/ao.495434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer M o S 2 has attracted wide attention because of its finite bandgap, and it has become a potential candidate for the investigation of the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift. However, the magnitude of the GH shift in free-standing monolayer M o S 2 is small, which greatly hinders its possible applications in the photoelectric sensors and detectors. We have theoretically designed a defective quasiperiodic photonic crystal and investigated its GH shift, where monolayer M o S 2 is sandwiched between two quasiperiodic photonic crystals arranged by the Pell sequence. By optimizing the thicknesses of all the components and the period number of the Pell quasiperiodic photonic crystal, we find that the GH shift of the designed structure is significantly enhanced at the specific working wavelength. In addition, we discuss the influence of the thicknesses of the dielectric components on the GH shift. Our work confirms that the quasiperiodic photonic crystal structure has the ability to enhance the GH shift of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, which provides a new platform for the GH investigations and greatly promotes the applications of this defective structure in optoelectric devices.
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7
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Chen Y, Sun M. Plexcitonics: plasmon-exciton coupling for enhancing spectroscopy, optical chirality, and nonlinearity. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37377142 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01388j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Plexcitonics is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary field that holds immense potential for the creation of innovative optical technologies and devices. This field focuses on investigating the interactions between plasmons and excitons in hybrid systems. In this review, we provide an overview of the fundamental principles of plasmonics and plexcitonics and discuss the latest advancements in plexcitonics. Specifically, we highlight the ability to manipulate plasmon-exciton interactions, the emerging field of tip-enhanced spectroscopy, and advancements in optical chirality and nonlinearity. These recent developments have spurred further research in the field of plexcitonics and offer inspiration for the design of advanced materials and devices with enhanced optical properties and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China.
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8
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Lu H, Li D, Shi S, Li Y, Zhao J. Exciton-induced Fano resonance in metallic nanocavity with tungsten disulfide atomic layer. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:20761-20768. [PMID: 37381192 DOI: 10.1364/oe.494083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Photon-exciton coupling behaviors in optical nanocavities attract broad attention due to their crucial applications in light manipulation and emission. Herein, we experimentally observed a Fano-like resonance with asymmetrical spectral response in an ultrathin metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) cavity integrated with an atomic-layer tungsten disulfide (WS2). The resonance wavelength of an MDM nanocavity can be flexibly controlled by adjusting dielectric layer thickness. The results measured by the home-made microscopic spectrometer agree well with the numerical simulations. A temporal coupled-mode theoretical model was established to analyze the formation mechanism of Fano resonance in the ultrathin cavity. The theoretical analysis reveals that the Fano resonance is attributed to a weak coupling between the resonance photons in the nanocavity and excitons in the WS2 atomic layer. The results will pave a new way for exciton-induced generation of Fano resonance and light spectral manipulation at the nanoscale.
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9
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Zhang W, Gao L, Yan X, Xu H, Wei H. Excitation and emission distinguished photoluminescence enhancement in a plasmon-exciton intermediate coupling system. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7812-7819. [PMID: 37042656 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07001d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanocavities with tunable resonances provide a powerful platform to manipulate the light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. Here, we investigate the coupling between monolayer MoS2 and the nanocavity formed by a silver nanowire (NW) and a gold film. The splitting of scattering spectra indicates intermediate coupling between the plasmon mode and two exciton states. The coupled system shows a photoluminescence (PL) intensity enhancement of 86-fold for the nanocavity with an appropriate NW diameter. In particular, the excitation and emission enhancement factors are experimentally distinguished, and the simulation results confirm the plasmon resonance dependent excitation and emission enhancements. Moreover, it is shown that the PL emission from the hybrid system becomes strongly polarized, and the degree of linear polarization larger than 0.9 is obtained. These results demonstrate the tunable coupling between plasmon mode and exciton states and help in deepening the understanding of the PL enhancement mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Long Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaohong Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
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10
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Alves E, Péchou R, Coratger R, Mlayah A. Gap plasmon modes and plasmon-exciton coupling in a hybrid Au/MoSe 2/Au tunneling junction. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:12549-12561. [PMID: 37157412 DOI: 10.1364/oe.479620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The light-matter interaction between plasmonic nanocavity modes and excitons at the nanometer scale is here addressed in the scanning tunneling microscope configuration where an MoSe2 monolayer is located between the tip and the substrate. We investigate by optical excitation the electromagnetic modes of this hybrid Au/MoSe2/Au tunneling junction using numerical simulations where electron tunneling and the anisotropic character of the MoSe2 layer are taken into account. In particular, we pointed out gap plasmon modes and Fano-type plasmon-exciton coupling taking place at the MoSe2/Au substrate interface. The spectral properties and spatial localization of these modes are studied as a function of the tunneling parameters and incident polarization.
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11
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Vadia S, Scherzer J, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Högele A. Magneto-Optical Chirality in a Coherently Coupled Exciton-Plasmon System. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:614-618. [PMID: 36617344 PMCID: PMC9881169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental asymmetry phenomenon, with chiral optical elements exhibiting asymmetric response in reflection or absorption of circularly polarized light. Recent realizations of such elements include nanoplasmonic systems with broken-mirror symmetry and polarization-contrasting optical absorption known as circular dichroism. An alternative route to circular dichroism is provided by spin-valley polarized excitons in atomically thin semiconductors. In the presence of magnetic fields, they exhibit an imbalanced coupling to circularly polarized photons and thus circular dichroism. Here, we demonstrate that polarization-contrasting optical transitions associated with excitons in monolayer WSe2 can be transferred to proximal plasmonic nanodisks by coherent coupling. The coupled exciton-plasmon system exhibits magneto-induced circular dichroism in a spectrally narrow window of Fano interference, which we model in a master equation framework. Our work motivates the use of exciton-plasmon interfaces as building blocks of chiral metasurfaces for applications in information processing, nonlinear optics, and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarth Vadia
- Fakultät
für Physik, Munich Quantum Center, and Center for NanoScience
(CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz
1, 80539 München, Germany
- Munich
Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingtr. 4, 80799 München, Germany
- attocube
systems AG, Eglfinger
Weg 2, 85540 Haar, Germany
| | - Johannes Scherzer
- Fakultät
für Physik, Munich Quantum Center, and Center for NanoScience
(CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz
1, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research
Center for Functional Materials, National
Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Alexander Högele
- Fakultät
für Physik, Munich Quantum Center, and Center for NanoScience
(CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz
1, 80539 München, Germany
- Munich
Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingtr. 4, 80799 München, Germany
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12
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Liu S, Deng F, Zhuang W, He X, Huang H, Chen JD, Pang H, Lan S. Optical Introduction and Manipulation of Plasmon-Exciton-Trion Coupling in a Si/WS 2/Au Nanocavity. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14390-14401. [PMID: 36067213 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Strong plasmon-exciton coupling, which has potential applications in nanophotonics, plasmonics, and quantum electrodynamics, has been successfully demonstrated by using metallic nanocavities and two-dimensional materials. Dynamical control of plasmon-exciton coupling strength, especially by using optical methods, remains a big challenge although it is highly desirable. Here, we report the optical introduction and manipulation of plasmon-exciton-trion coupling realized in a dielectric-metal hybrid nanocavity, which is composed of a silicon (Si) nanoparticle and a thin gold (Au) film, with an embedded tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayer. We employ scattering and photoluminescence spectra to characterize the coupling strength between plasmons and excitons in Si/WS2/Au nanocavities constructed by using Si nanoparticles with different diameters. We enhance the plasmon-exciton and plasmon-trion coupling strength by injecting excitons and trions into the WS2 monolayer with a 488 nm laser beam. It is revealed that the emission intensities of excitons and trions with respect to the reference WS2 monolayer can be modified through the change in the coupling strength induced by the laser light. Interestingly, the coupling strength between the plasmons and the excitons/trions can be manipulated from weak to strong coupling regime by simply increasing the laser power, which is clearly resolved in the scattering spectra of Si/WS2/Au nanocavities. More importantly, the plasmon-exciton-trion coupling induced by the laser light is confirmed by the energy exchange between excitons and trions. Our findings indicate the possibility for optically manipulating plasmon-exciton interaction and suggest the practical applications of dielectric-metal hybrid nanocavities in nanoscale plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fu Deng
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weijie Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaobing He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongxin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing-Dong Chen
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Huajian Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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13
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Transition metal dichalcogenide metaphotonic and self-coupled polaritonic platform grown by chemical vapor deposition. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5597. [PMID: 36151069 PMCID: PMC9508121 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have recently attracted growing attention in the fields of dielectric nanophotonics because of their high refractive index and excitonic resonances. Despite the recent realizations of Mie resonances by patterning exfoliated TMDC flakes, it is still challenging to achieve large-scale TMDC-based photonic structures with a controllable thickness. Here, we report a bulk MoS2 metaphotonic platform realized by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) bottom-up method, supporting both pronounced dielectric optical modes and self-coupled polaritons. Magnetic surface lattice resonances (M-SLRs) and their energy-momentum dispersions are demonstrated in 1D MoS2 gratings. Anticrossing behaviors with Rabi splitting up to 170 meV are observed when the M-SLRs are hybridized with the excitons in multilayer MoS2. In addition, distinct Mie modes and anapole-exciton polaritons are also experimentally demonstrated in 2D MoS2 disk arrays. We believe that the CVD bottom-up method would open up many possibilities to achieve large-scale TMDC-based photonic devices and enrich the toolbox of engineering exciton-photon interactions in TMDCs.
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14
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Guan J, Park JE, Deng S, Tan MJH, Hu J, Odom TW. Light-Matter Interactions in Hybrid Material Metasurfaces. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15177-15203. [PMID: 35762982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This Review focuses on the integration of plasmonic and dielectric metasurfaces with emissive or stimuli-responsive materials for manipulating light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. Metasurfaces, engineered planar structures with rationally designed building blocks, can change the local phase and intensity of electromagnetic waves at the subwavelength unit level and offers more degrees of freedom to control the flow of light. A combination of metasurfaces and nanoscale emitters facilitates access to weak and strong coupling regimes for enhanced photoluminescence, nanoscale lasing, controlled quantum emission, and formation of exciton-polaritons. In addition to emissive materials, functional materials that respond to external stimuli can be combined with metasurfaces to engineer tunable nanophotonic devices. Emerging metasurface designs including surface-functionalized, chemically tunable, and multilayer hybrid metasurfaces open prospects for diverse applications, including photocatalysis, sensing, displays, and quantum information.
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15
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Lin H, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Lin KT, Wen X, Liang Y, Fu Y, Lau AKT, Ma T, Qiu CW, Jia B. Engineering van der Waals Materials for Advanced Metaphotonics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15204-15355. [PMID: 35749269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The outstanding chemical and physical properties of 2D materials, together with their atomically thin nature, make them ideal candidates for metaphotonic device integration and construction, which requires deep subwavelength light-matter interaction to achieve optical functionalities beyond conventional optical phenomena observed in naturally available materials. In addition to their intrinsic properties, the possibility to further manipulate the properties of 2D materials via chemical or physical engineering dramatically enhances their capability, evoking new science on light-matter interaction, leading to leaped performance of existing functional devices and giving birth to new metaphotonic devices that were unattainable previously. Comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic properties of 2D materials, approaches and capabilities for chemical and physical engineering methods, the resulting property modifications and novel functionalities, and applications of metaphotonic devices are provided in this review. Through reviewing the detailed progress in each aspect and the state-of-the-art achievement, insightful analyses of the outstanding challenges and future directions are elucidated in this cross-disciplinary comprehensive review with the aim to provide an overall development picture in the field of 2D material metaphotonics and promote rapid progress in this fast emerging and prosperous field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Zhenfang Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Keng-Te Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yao Liang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yang Fu
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Alan Kin Tak Lau
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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16
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wei K, Cheng X, Shi L, Jiang T. Interacting plexcitons for designed ultrafast optical nonlinearity in a monolayer semiconductor. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:94. [PMID: 35422032 PMCID: PMC9010435 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Searching for ideal materials with strong effective optical nonlinear responses is a long-term task enabling remarkable breakthroughs in contemporary quantum and nonlinear optics. Polaritons, hybridized light-matter quasiparticles, are an appealing candidate to realize such nonlinearities. Here, we explore a class of peculiar polaritons, named plasmon-exciton polaritons (plexcitons), in a hybrid system composed of silver nanodisk arrays and monolayer tungsten-disulfide (WS2), which shows giant room-temperature nonlinearity due to their deep-subwavelength localized nature. Specifically, comprehensive ultrafast pump-probe measurements reveal that plexciton nonlinearity is dominated by the saturation and higher-order excitation-induced dephasing interactions, rather than the well-known exchange interaction in traditional microcavity polaritons. Furthermore, we demonstrate this giant nonlinearity can be exploited to manipulate the ultrafast nonlinear absorption properties of the solid-state system. Our findings suggest that plexcitons are intrinsically strongly interacting, thereby pioneering new horizons for practical implementations such as energy-efficient ultrafast all-optical switching and information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Tang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, China
| | - Yanbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Qirui Liu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Wei
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, China
- Beijing Institute for Advanced Study, National University of Defense Technology, 100000, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang'ai Cheng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tian Jiang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, China.
- Beijing Institute for Advanced Study, National University of Defense Technology, 100000, Beijing, China.
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17
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Yan F, Liao CK, Mahmoud MA, Bach SB. Electron Doping of Semiconducting MoS 2 Nanosheets by Silver or Gold Nanoclusters. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4378-4388. [PMID: 35353515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials have potential applications as ultrathin optoelectronic materials. Therefore, being able to precisely modulate the band gap is useful to improving their applicability. Electron doping of the semiconducting materials is one of the successful techniques used to modulate their band gap. Silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) or gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) a few nanometers in size can generate a high density of highly energetic hot electrons with relatively long lifetimes when photoexcited. The optical band gap of 2D MoS2 nanosheets shows different responses when integrated with different amounts of AgNCs or AuNCs due to the electron doping effect. Introducing a small amount of the nanoclusters to the surface of a MoS2 nanosheet lowered its optical band gap. Further reduction of the optical band gap of MoS2 is obtained upon tripling the amount of integrated nanoclusters. Conversely, the optical band gap of MoS2 was increased when integrated with 5 times the concentration of AuNCs and AgNCs. The optical band gap of the MoS2 nanosheets was significantly increased when integrated with an even higher concentration of AuNCs or AgNCs. The magnitude of the shift of the optical band gap of MoS2 induced by AgNCs is higher than that induced by AuNCs because the energy of LUMO of the AgNCs is higher than that of the AuNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhi Yan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Chih-Kai Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Stephan B Bach
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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18
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Yang L, Xie X, Yang J, Xue M, Wu S, Xiao S, Song F, Dang J, Sun S, Zuo Z, Chen J, Huang Y, Zhou X, Jin K, Wang C, Xu X. Strong Light-Matter Interactions between Gap Plasmons and Two-Dimensional Excitons under Ambient Conditions in a Deterministic Way. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2177-2186. [PMID: 35239344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Strong exciton-plasmon interactions between layered two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and gap plasmons show a great potential to implement cavity quantum electrodynamics under ambient conditions. However, achieving a robust plasmon-exciton coupling with nanocavities is still very challenging, because the layer area is usually small in the conventional approaches. Here, we report on a robust strong exciton-plasmon coupling between the gap mode of a bowtie and the excitons in MoS2 layers with gold-assisted mechanical exfoliation and nondestructive wet transfer techniques for a large-area layer. Due to the ultrasmall mode volume and strong in-plane field, the estimated effective exciton number contributing to the coupling is largely reduced. With a corrected exciton transition dipole moment, the exciton numbers are extracted as being 40 for the case of a single layer and 48 for eight layers. Our work paves the way to realize strong coupling with 2D materials with a small number of excitons at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingnan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengfei Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Feilong Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchen Dang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Sibai Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanchun Zuo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjiang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuijuan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulai Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
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19
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You J, Xie H, Yang Y, Ni W, Ye W. Single-particle spectroscopic investigation on the scattering spectrum of Au@MoS 2 core-shell nanosphere heterostructure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5780-5785. [PMID: 35195130 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04983f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the uniform shape of the nanospheres, the Au@MoS2 core-shell nanosphere heterostructure enables us to design nano-optoelectronic devices and nanosensors with highly tunable and reproducible optical properties. However, until now, at the single-particle level, there is still uncertainty as to how much the scattering characteristics depend on the particle size and the local environment. In this letter, we performed an in situ single-particle study of the scattering spectrum of the Au@MoS2 core-shell nanosphere heterostructure before and after coating with the MoS2 layer. Single-particle characterization confirms that the classic quasi-static approximation (QSA) theory can be used to predict the scattering spectra of Au@MoS2 core-shell nanoparticles. Moreover, we have found that the A and B-exciton absorption peaks do not rely on the local refractive index change, while the position of the particle plasmon resonances does. Such features can be used as an internal reference for sensing applications against measurement errors, such as defocusing the imaging. Our results show that Au@MoS2 core-shell nanoparticles have the potential to become one of the promising nanosensors in the field of single-particle sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian You
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Hao Xie
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. .,Department of Physics, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanhe Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Weihai Ni
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Weixiang Ye
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. .,Department of Physics, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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20
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Huang L, Krasnok A, Alú A, Yu Y, Neshev D, Miroshnichenko AE. Enhanced light-matter interaction in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:046401. [PMID: 34939940 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac45f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials, such as MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, have received extensive attention in the past decade due to their extraordinary electronic, optical and thermal properties. They evolve from indirect bandgap semiconductors to direct bandgap semiconductors while their layer number is reduced from a few layers to a monolayer limit. Consequently, there is strong photoluminescence in a monolayer (1L) TMDC due to the large quantum yield. Moreover, such monolayer semiconductors have two other exciting properties: large binding energy of excitons and valley polarization. These properties make them become ideal materials for various electronic, photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, their performance is limited by the relatively weak light-matter interactions due to their atomically thin form factor. Resonant nanophotonic structures provide a viable way to address this issue and enhance light-matter interactions in 2D TMDCs. Here, we provide an overview of this research area, showcasing relevant applications, including exotic light emission, absorption and scattering features. We start by overviewing the concept of excitons in 1L-TMDC and the fundamental theory of cavity-enhanced emission, followed by a discussion on the recent progress of enhanced light emission, strong coupling and valleytronics. The atomically thin nature of 1L-TMDC enables a broad range of ways to tune its electric and optical properties. Thus, we continue by reviewing advances in TMDC-based tunable photonic devices. Next, we survey the recent progress in enhanced light absorption over narrow and broad bandwidths using 1L or few-layer TMDCs, and their applications for photovoltaics and photodetectors. We also review recent efforts of engineering light scattering, e.g., inducing Fano resonances, wavefront engineering in 1L or few-layer TMDCs by either integrating resonant structures, such as plasmonic/Mie resonant metasurfaces, or directly patterning monolayer/few layers TMDCs. We then overview the intriguing physical properties of different van der Waals heterostructures, and their applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices. Finally, we draw our opinion on potential opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States of America
| | - Andrea Alú
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, United States of America
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Yiling Yu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Dragomir Neshev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
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21
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Riesner M, Fainblat R, Budniak AK, Amouyal Y, Lifshitz E, Bacher G. Temperature dependence of Fano resonances in CrPS4. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:054707. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Riesner
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Rachel Fainblat
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Adam K. Budniak
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion–Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yaron Amouyal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Efrat Lifshitz
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion–Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Gerd Bacher
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
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22
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Petrić MM, Kremser M, Barbone M, Nolinder A, Lyamkina A, Stier AV, Kaniber M, Müller K, Finley JJ. Tuning the Optical Properties of a MoSe 2 Monolayer Using Nanoscale Plasmonic Antennas. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:561-569. [PMID: 34978824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplasmonic systems combined with optically active two-dimensional materials provide intriguing opportunities to explore and control light-matter interactions at extreme subwavelength length scales approaching the exciton Bohr radius. Here, we present room- and cryogenic-temperature investigations of a MoSe2 monolayer on individual gold dipole nanoantennas. By controlling nanoantenna size, the dipolar resonance is tuned relative to the exciton achieving a total tuning of ∼130 meV. Differential reflectance measurements performed on >100 structures reveal an apparent avoided crossing between exciton and dipolar mode and an exciton-plasmon coupling constant of g = 55 meV, representing g/(ℏωX) ≥ 3% of the transition energy. This places our hybrid system in the intermediate-coupling regime where spectra exhibit a characteristic Fano-like shape. We demonstrate active control by varying the polarization of the excitation light to programmably suppress coupling to the dipole mode. We further study the emerging optical signatures of the monolayer localized at dipole nanoantennas at 10 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko M Petrić
- Walter Schottky Institut, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Malte Kremser
- Walter Schottky Institut, Physik-Department and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Matteo Barbone
- Walter Schottky Institut, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Anna Nolinder
- Walter Schottky Institut, Physik-Department and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Anna Lyamkina
- Walter Schottky Institut, Physik-Department and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas V Stier
- Walter Schottky Institut, Physik-Department and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Kaniber
- Walter Schottky Institut, Physik-Department and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kai Müller
- Walter Schottky Institut, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jonathan J Finley
- Walter Schottky Institut, Physik-Department and MCQST, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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23
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Garai M, Zhu Z, Shi J, Li S, Xu QH. Single-particle studies on plasmon enhanced photoluminescence of monolayer MoS 2 by gold nanoparticles of different shapes. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:234201. [PMID: 34937371 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmon-exciton interactions between noble metal nanostructures and two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides have drawn great interest due to their significantly enhanced optical properties. Plasmon resonance of noble metal nanoparticles and plasmon-exciton interactions are strongly dependent on the particle morphology. Single-particle spectroscopic studies can overcome the ensemble average effects of sample inhomogeneity to unambiguously reveal the effects of the particle morphology. In this work, plasmon modulated emission of MoS2 in various plasmon-MoS2 hybrid structures has been studied on the single-particle level. Gold (Au) nanoantennas of different shapes including nanosphere, nanorod, nanocube, and nanotriangle with similar overall dimensions, which have different sharp tips and contact areas with MoS2, have been chosen to explore the particle shape effects. Different extent of enhancement in photoluminescence (PL) of MoS2 was observed for Au nanoantennas of different shapes. It was found that Au nanotriangles gave the highest enhancement factor, while Au nanospheres gave the lowest enhancement factor. The numerical simulation results show that the dominant contribution arises from an increased quantum yield, while enhanced excitation efficiency just plays a minor role. The quantum yield enhancement is affected by both the sharp tips and contact mode of the Au nanoantenna with MoS2. Polarization of the MoS2 emission was also found to be modulated by the plasmon mode of the Au nanoantenna. These single-particle spectroscopic studies allow us to unambiguously reveal the effects of the particle morphology on plasmon enhanced PL in these nanohybrids to provide a better understanding of the plasmon-exciton interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Garai
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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24
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Yang K, Yao X, Liu B, Ren B. Metallic Plasmonic Array Structures: Principles, Fabrications, Properties, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007988. [PMID: 34048123 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The vast development of nanofabrication has spurred recent progress for the manipulation of light down to a region much smaller than the wavelength. Metallic plasmonic array structures are demonstrated to be the most powerful platform to realize controllable light-matter interactions and have found wide applications due to their rich and tunable optical performance through the morphology and parameter engineering. Here, various light-management mechanisms that may exist on metallic plasmonic array structures are described. Then, the typical techniques for fabrication of metallic plasmonic arrays are summarized. Next, some recent applications of plasmonic arrays are reviewed, including plasmonic sensing, surface-enhanced spectroscopies, plasmonic nanolasing, and perfect light absorption. Lastly, the existing challenges and perspectives for metallic plasmonic arrays are discussed. The aim is to provide guidance for future development of metallic plasmonic array structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
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25
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Dovzhenko D, Lednev M, Mochalov K, Vaskan I, Rakovich Y, Karaulov A, Nabiev I. Polariton-assisted manipulation of energy relaxation pathways: donor-acceptor role reversal in a tuneable microcavity. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12794-12805. [PMID: 34703566 PMCID: PMC8494027 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resonant interaction between excitonic transitions of molecules and localized electromagnetic field allows the formation of hybrid light-matter polaritonic states. This hybridization of the light and the matter states has been shown to significantly alter the intrinsic properties of molecular ensembles placed inside the optical cavity. Here, we have observed strong coupling of excitonic transition in a pair of closely located organic dye molecules demonstrating an efficient donor-to-acceptor resonance energy transfer with the mode of a tuneable open-access cavity. Analysing the dependence of the relaxation pathways between energy states in this system on the cavity detuning, we have demonstrated that predominant strong coupling of the cavity photon to the exciton transition in the donor dye molecule can lead not only to an increase in the donor-acceptor energy transfer, but also to an energy shift large enough to cause inversion between the energy states of the acceptor and the mainly donor lower polariton energy state. Furthermore, we have shown that the polariton-assisted donor-acceptor chromophores' role reversal or "carnival effect" not only changes the relative energy levels of the donor-acceptor pair, but also makes it possible to manipulate the energy flow in the systems with resonant dipole-dipole interaction and direct energy transfer from the acceptor to the mainly donor lower polariton state. Our experimental data are the first confirmation of the theoretically predicted possibility of polariton-assisted energy transfer reversal in FRET systems, thus paving the way to new avenues in FRET-imaging, remote-controlled chemistry, and all-optical switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Dovzhenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) 115409 Moscow Russia .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Maksim Lednev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) 115409 Moscow Russia
| | - Konstantin Mochalov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) 115409 Moscow Russia .,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 117997 Moscow Russia
| | - Ivan Vaskan
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) 115409 Moscow Russia .,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 117997 Moscow Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny 141701 Moscow Russia
| | - Yury Rakovich
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science 48009 Bilbao Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center, Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química y Tecnología, UPV-EHU, Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC, CSIC-UPV/EHU) 20018 Donostia - San Sebastian Spain
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) 119146 Moscow Russia
| | - Igor Nabiev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) 115409 Moscow Russia .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) 119146 Moscow Russia.,Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, LRN-EA4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne 51100 Reims France
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26
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Song R, Deng Q, Zhou S, Pu M. Catenary-based phase change metasurfaces for mid-infrared switchable wavefront control. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:23006-23018. [PMID: 34614576 DOI: 10.1364/oe.434844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Active wave manipulation by ultracompact meta-devices is highly embraced in recent years, but a major concern still exists due to the lack of functional reconfigurability. Moreover, the phase or amplitude discontinuities introduced by collective response of discrete meta-atoms make current meta-devices far from practical applications. Here, we demonstrate actively tunable wavefront control with high-efficiency by combining catenary-based meta-atoms for intrinsic continuous phase regulation with the chalcogenide phase change material (PCM) of Ge2Sb2Te5. First, switchable beam deflection is demonstrated in a wide mid-IR range between 8 μm and 9.5 μm with 'on' and 'off' states for beam steering between anomalous and normal specular reflections. Second, a switchable meta-axicon for zero order Bessel beam generation is demonstrated with full width at half maximum (FWHM) as small as ∼0.41 λ (λ = 12 µm). As a result, our scheme for active and continuous phase control potentially paves an avenue to construct active photonic devices especially for applications where large contrast ratio is highly desirable, such as optoelectronic integration, wavefront engineering and so on.
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27
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Abstract
The full manipulation of intrinsic properties of electromagnetic waves has become the central target in various modern optical technologies. Optical metasurfaces have been suggested for a complete control of light-matter interaction with subwavelength structures, and they have been explored widely in the past decade for creating next-generation multifunctional flat-optics devices. The current studies of metasurfaces have reached a mature stage where common materials, basic optical physics, and conventional engineering tools have been explored extensively for various applications such as light bending, metalenses, metaholograms, and many others. A natural question is where the future research on metasurfaces will be going: Quo vadis, metasurfaces? In this Mini Review, we provide perspectives on the future developments of optical metasurfaces. Specifically, we highlight recent progresses on hybrid metasurfaces employing low-dimensional materials and discuss biomedical, computational, and quantum applications of metasurfaces, followed by discussions of challenges and foreseeing the future of metasurface physics and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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28
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MoS 2 with Stable Photoluminescence Enhancement under Stretching via Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonance. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071698. [PMID: 34203481 PMCID: PMC8307818 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, by combining a large-area MoS2 monolayer with silver plasmonic nanostructures in a deformable polydimethylsiloxane substrate, we theoretically and experimentally studied the photoluminescence (PL) enhancement of MoS2 by surface lattice resonance (SLR) modes of different silver plasmonic nanostructures. We also observed the stable PL enhancement of MoS2 by silver nanodisc arrays under differently applied stretching strains, caused by the mechanical holding effect of the MoS2 monolayer. We believe the results presented herein can guarantee the possibility of stably enhancing the light emission of transition metal dichalcogenides using SLR modes in a deformable platform.
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29
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Zhou X, Hao H, Zhang YJ, Zheng Q, Tan S, Zhao J, Chen HB, Chen JJ, Gu Y, Yu HQ, Liu XW. Patterning of transition metal dichalcogenides catalyzed by surface plasmons with atomic precision. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Han C, Wang Y, Zhou W, Liang M, Ye J. Strong anisotropic enhancement of photoluminescence in WS 2 integrated with plasmonic nanowire array. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10080. [PMID: 33980867 PMCID: PMC8115162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have shown great potential for a wide range of applications in photonics and optoelectronics. Nevertheless, valley decoherence severely randomizes its polarization which is important to a light emitter. Plasmonic metasurface with a unique way to manipulate the light-matter interaction may provide an effective and practical solution. Here by integrating TMDCs with plasmonic nanowire arrays, we demonstrate strong anisotropic enhancement of the excitonic emission at different spectral positions. For the indirect bandgap transition in bilayer WS2, multifold enhancement can be achieved with the photoluminescence (PL) polarization either perpendicular or parallel to the long axis of nanowires, which arises from the coupling of WS2 with localized or guided plasmon modes, respectively. Moreover, PL of high linearity is obtained in the direct bandgap transition benefiting from, in addition to the plasmonic enhancement, the directional diffraction scattering of nanowire arrays. Our method with enhanced PL intensity contrasts to the conventional form-birefringence based on the aspect ratio of nanowire arrays where the intensity loss is remarkable. Our results provide a prototypical plasmon-exciton hybrid system for anisotropic enhancement of the PL at the nanoscale, enabling simultaneous control of the intensity, polarization and wavelength toward practical ultrathin photonic devices based on TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrui Han
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Weihu Zhou
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Minpeng Liang
- Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianting Ye
- Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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31
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Kim H, Moon S, Kim J, Nam SH, Kim DH, Lee JS, Kim KH, Kang ESH, Ahn KJ, Kim T, Shin C, Suh YD. Purcell-enhanced photoluminescence of few-layer MoS 2 transferred on gold nanostructure arrays with plasmonic resonance at the conduction band edge. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5316-5323. [PMID: 33656502 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08158b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic coupling of metallic nanostructures with two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) atomic layers is an important topic because it provides a pathway to manipulate the optoelectronic properties and to overcome the limited optical cross-section of the materials. Plasmonic enhanced light-matter interaction of a MoS2 layer is known to be mainly governed by optical field enhancement and the Purcell effect, while the discrimination of the contribution from each mechanism to the plasmonic enhancement is challenging. Here, we investigate photoluminescence (PL) enhancement from few-layer MoS2 transferred on Au nanostructure arrays with controlled localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectral positions that were detuned from the excitation wavelengths. Two distinctive regimes in LSPR mode-dependent PL enhancement were revealed showing a maximum enhancement (∼40-fold) with zero detuning and a modest enhancement (∼10-fold) with the red-shift detuned LSPR from the excitation wavelength, which were attributed to LSPR-induced optical field enhancement and the Purcell effect, respectively. By applying the experimental parameters into the Purcell effect formalism, an effective mode volume of ∼0.016λ03 was estimated. Our work provides an insight into how to utilize few-layer MoS2 as a base material for optoelectronics by harnessing Purcell-enhanced optical responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Kim
- Laboratory for Advanced Molecular Probing (LAMP), Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea.
| | - Seunghyun Moon
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
| | - Jongwoo Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Sang Hwan Nam
- Laboratory for Advanced Molecular Probing (LAMP), Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea.
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
| | - Jeong Seop Lee
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Kim
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, South Korea
| | - Evan S H Kang
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, South Korea
| | - Kwang Jun Ahn
- Department of Energy Systems Research/Department of Physics, Ajou University, Suwon-si, 16499, South Korea
| | - Taewan Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Smart Grid Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea.
| | - ChaeHo Shin
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
| | - Yung Doug Suh
- Laboratory for Advanced Molecular Probing (LAMP), Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea. and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
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32
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Yu Y, Schletz D, Reif J, Winkler F, Albert M, Fery A, Kirchner R. Influences on Plasmon Resonance Linewidth in Metal-Insulator-Metal Structures Obtained via Colloidal Self-Assembly. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56281-56289. [PMID: 33258589 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) have been widely explored in various research fields because of their excellent ability to condense light into a nanometer scale volume. However, it suffers quite often from the broadening of the LSPR linewidths, resulting in low quality factors. Among the causes of the broadening, fabrication inaccuracies are crucial yet challenging to evaluate. In this paper, we designed a type of metal-insulator-metal structure as an example via the colloidal self-assembly approach. We then demonstrated a facile approach to identify the origin of the discrepancies in between spectra obtained from experiments and simulations. Through a series of simulations in accordance with the experimental results, we could confirm that the predominant influencing factors are the presence of defects, as well as feature size variations, though they impact the spectral response in different ways. For similar plasmonic systems, our results enabled a more cost-effective optimization process in lieu of rather intensive and iterative experimentations, which will pave the way to automated fabrication and optimization, as well as integrated design. Furthermore, our results also indicated that the typical defect ratio that is introduced via the colloidal self-assembly approach has only limited impact on the resulting plasmonic resonances, proving that for similar plasmonic structure designs, colloidal self-assembly methods can provide a reliable and efficient alternative in the field of nanofabrication of plasmonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yu
- Institute of Semiconductor and Microsystems, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Straße 64, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Schletz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Reif
- Institute of Semiconductor and Microsystems, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Straße 64, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Winkler
- Institute of Semiconductor and Microsystems, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Straße 64, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Albert
- Institute of Semiconductor and Microsystems, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Straße 64, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Kirchner
- Institute of Semiconductor and Microsystems, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Straße 64, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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33
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Huang L, Su H, Hu G, Wu S, Wang Y, Chen B, Wang Q, Deng C, Yun B, Zhang R, Cui Y. Highly efficient and controllable photoluminescence emission on a suspended MoS 2-based plasmonic grating. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:505201. [PMID: 32996469 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb1ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Being a new class of materials, transition metal dichalcogenides are paving the way for applications in atomically thin optoelectronics. However, the intrinsically weak light-matter interaction and the lack of manipulation ability has lead to poor light emission and tunable behavior. Here, we investigate the fluorescence characteristic of monolayer molybdenum disulfide on a metal narrow-slit grating, where a highly efficient, 471 times photoluminescence enhancement are realized, based on the hybrid surface plasmon polaritons resonances and the decreased influence of substrate. Moreover, the emitted intensity and polarization are controllable due to the polarization-dependent characteristic and anisotropy of grating. The manipulations of light-matter interactions in this special system provide a new insight into the fluorescent emission process and open a new avenue for high-performance low dimensional materials devices designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Su
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Hu
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Informatics of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189 People's Republic of China
| | - Boyu Chen
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 People's Republic of China
| | - Qianjin Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Deng
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 People's Republic of China
| | - Binfeng Yun
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 People's Republic of China
| | - Ruohu Zhang
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiping Cui
- Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096 People's Republic of China
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34
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Schauble K, Zakhidov D, Yalon E, Deshmukh S, Grady RW, Cooley KA, McClellan CJ, Vaziri S, Passarello D, Mohney SE, Toney MF, Sood AK, Salleo A, Pop E. Uncovering the Effects of Metal Contacts on Monolayer MoS 2. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14798-14808. [PMID: 32905703 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal contacts are a key limiter to the electronic performance of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor devices. Here, we present a comprehensive study of contact interfaces between seven metals (Y, Sc, Ag, Al, Ti, Au, Ni, with work functions from 3.1 to 5.2 eV) and monolayer MoS2 grown by chemical vapor deposition. We evaporate thin metal films onto MoS2 and study the interfaces by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and electrical characterization. We uncover that (1) ultrathin oxidized Al dopes MoS2 n-type (>2 × 1012 cm-2) without degrading its mobility, (2) Ag, Au, and Ni deposition causes varying levels of damage to MoS2 (e.g. broadening Raman E' peak from <3 to >6 cm-1), and (3) Ti, Sc, and Y react with MoS2. Reactive metals must be avoided in contacts to monolayer MoS2, but control studies reveal the reaction is mostly limited to the top layer of multilayer films. Finally, we find that (4) thin metals do not significantly strain MoS2, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. These are important findings for metal contacts to MoS2 and broadly applicable to many other 2D semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Schauble
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Dante Zakhidov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eilam Yalon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sanchit Deshmukh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ryan W Grady
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kayla A Cooley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Connor J McClellan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sam Vaziri
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Donata Passarello
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Suzanne E Mohney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Michael F Toney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - A K Sood
- Department of Physics, India Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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35
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Sarkar AS, Konidakis I, Demeridou I, Serpetzoglou E, Kioseoglou G, Stratakis E. Robust B-exciton emission at room temperature in few-layers of MoS 2:Ag nanoheterojunctions embedded into a glass matrix. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15697. [PMID: 32973224 PMCID: PMC7518262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tailoring the photoluminescence (PL) properties in two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) crystals using external factors is critical for its use in valleytronic, nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications. Although significant effort has been devoted towards enhancing or manipulating the excitonic emission in MoS2 monolayers, the excitonic emission in few-layers MoS2 has been largely unexplored. Here, we put forward a novel nano-heterojunction system, prepared with a non-lithographic process, to enhance and control such emission. It is based on the incorporation of few-layers MoS2 into a plasmonic silver metaphosphate glass (AgPO3) matrix. It is shown that, apart from the enhancement of the emission of both A- and B-excitons, the B-excitonic emission dominates the PL intensity. In particular, we observe an almost six-fold enhancement of the B-exciton emission, compared to control MoS2 samples. This enhanced PL at room temperature is attributed to an enhanced exciton-plasmon coupling and it is supported by ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy that reveals plasmon-enhanced electron transfer that takes place in Ag nanoparticles-MoS2 nanoheterojunctions. Our results provide a great avenue to tailor the emission properties of few-layers MoS2, which could find application in emerging valleytronic devices working with B excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdus Salam Sarkar
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Konidakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioanna Demeridou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Physics Department, University of Crete, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Efthymis Serpetzoglou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Physics Department, University of Crete, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Kioseoglou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
- Physics Department, University of Crete, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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36
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Kim JH, Lee HS, An GH, Lee J, Oh HM, Choi J, Lee YH. Dielectric Nanowire Hybrids for Plasmon-Enhanced Light-Matter Interaction in 2D Semiconductors. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11985-11994. [PMID: 32840363 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with a direct band gap are suitable for various optoelectronic applications such as ultrathin light emitters and absorbers. However, their weak light absorption caused by the atomically thin layer hinders more versatile applications for high optical gains. Although plasmonic hybridization with metal nanostructures significantly enhances light-matter interactions, the corrosion, instability of the metal nanostructures, and the undesired effects of direct metal-semiconductor contact act as obstacles to its practical application. Herein, we propose a dielectric nanostructure for plasmon-enhanced light-matter interaction of TMDs. TiO2 nanowires (NWs), as an example, are hybridized with a MoS2 monolayer on various substrates. The structure is implemented by placing a monolayer MoS2 between a TiO2 NW for a photonic scattering effect and metallic substrates with a spacer for the plasmonic Purcell effect. Here, the thin dielectric spacer is aimed at minimizing emission quenching from direct metal contact, while maximizing optical field localization in ultrathin MoS2 near the TiO2 NW. An effective emission enhancement factor of ∼22 is attained for MoS2 near the NW of the hybrid structure compared to the one without NWs. Our work is expected to facilitate a hybridized platform based on 2D semiconductors for high-performance and robust optoelectronics via engineering dielectric nanostructures with plasmonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Lee
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hwi An
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jubok Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Oh
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Deng M, Li Z, Rong X, Luo Y, Li B, Zheng L, Wang X, Lin F, Meixner AJ, Braun K, Zhu X, Fang Z. Light-Controlled Near-Field Energy Transfer in Plasmonic Metasurface Coupled MoS 2 Monolayer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003539. [PMID: 32964680 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The energy transfer from plasmonic nanostructures to semiconductors has been extensively studied to enhance light-harvesting and tailor light-matter interactions. In this study, the efficient energy transfer from an Au metasurface to monolayered MoS2 within a near-field coupling regime is reported. The metasurface is designed and fabricated to demonstrate strong photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) emission spectra. In the coupled heterostructure of MoS2 with a metasurface, both the Raman shift and absorption spectral intensities of monolayered MoS2 are affected. The spectral profile and PL peak position can be tailored owing to the energy transfer between plasmonic nanostructures and semiconductors. This is confirmed by ultrafast lifetime measurement. A theoretical model of two coupled oscillators is proposed, where the expanded general solutions (EGS) of such a model result in a series of eigenvalues that correspond to the renormalization of energy levels in modulated MoS2. The model can predict the peak shift up to tens of nanometers in hybrid structures and hence provides an alternative method to describe energy transfer between metallic structures and two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors. A viable approach for studying light-matter interactions in 2D semiconductors via near-field energy transfer is presented, which may stimulate the applications of functional nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoyi Deng
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xin Rong
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yang Luo
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Liheng Zheng
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Feng Lin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Kai Braun
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Xing Zhu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zheyu Fang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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38
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Luo Z, Jia H, Lv L, Wang Q, Yan X. Gate-tunable trion binding energy in monolayer MoS 2 with plasmonic superlattice. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:17754-17761. [PMID: 32815964 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02104k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit promising potential and attract the attention of the world in the application of optoelectronic devices owing to their distinctive physical and chemical properties. The real-time control of light-matter interactions in semiconductor devices through an external optical resonant cavity is crucial for designing next-generation optoelectronic devices. Here, we report the spectroscopic identification of trion binding energy in monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors with plasmonic nanoresonators. In consequence, the binding energy could be regulated dynamically through an external electric field. In addition, after increasing the carrier injection, the evidence of the enhanced trion binding energy can also be observed, which can be utilized for researching magneto-plasmons. The ability to dynamically control the optical properties by electrostatic doping opens a platform for designing next-generation optoelectronic and valleytronic applications in two-dimensional crystals with accurate and precise tailored responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Luo
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Sensing Materials and Devices, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
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39
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Sun Z, Huang F, Fu Y. MoS 2-based broadband and highly efficient solar absorbers. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:6671-6676. [PMID: 32749370 DOI: 10.1364/ao.399772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain broadband, highly efficient, wide-angle, and polarization-insensitive solar absorbers, we propose a universal configuration consisting of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and the metal-insulator-metal structure, which gives rise to significant absorption enhancement of the MoS2 layer. Light trapping structures with silver square-, circle-, and crossed-shaped resonators are investigated. The localized surface plasmon resonances among the silver resonators induce prominent interaction between the incident photon and MoS2 layer, contributing to efficient absorption of light energy. Simulation results show that the absorber made of square patches enables the best performance and realizes absorptance higher than 90% from 400 to 666 nm and an average absorptance greater than 91% in the range of 400-700 nm. The average light absorption within the MoS2 layer reaches 74% in the visible spectrum, which is one of the highest levels for the existing MoS2-based absorbers. Meanwhile, the polarization-independent designs exhibit good angle tolerance within 50° incidences. Such a universal structure can also obtain broadband and highly efficient absorption by using other transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2, which indicates that the configuration has great applicability in solar energy absorption of 2D materials. The proposed solar absorbers with simple configuration and broadband absorption in wide incident angles have potential in applications such as solar cells, photovoltaic devices, and blackbody materials.
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40
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Ogawa S, Fukushima S, Shimatani M. Graphene Plasmonics in Sensor Applications: A Review. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20123563. [PMID: 32586048 PMCID: PMC7349696 DOI: 10.3390/s20123563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) can be generated in graphene at frequencies in the mid-infrared to terahertz range, which is not possible using conventional plasmonic materials such as noble metals. Moreover, the lifetime and confinement volume of such SPPs are much longer and smaller, respectively, than those in metals. For these reasons, graphene plasmonics has potential applications in novel plasmonic sensors and various concepts have been proposed. This review paper examines the potential of such graphene plasmonics with regard to the development of novel high-performance sensors. The theoretical background is summarized and the intrinsic nature of graphene plasmons, interactions between graphene and SPPs induced by metallic nanostructures and the electrical control of SPPs by adjusting the Fermi level of graphene are discussed. Subsequently, the development of optical sensors, biological sensors and important components such as absorbers/emitters and reconfigurable optical mirrors for use in new sensor systems are reviewed. Finally, future challenges related to the fabrication of graphene-based devices as well as various advanced optical devices incorporating other two-dimensional materials are examined. This review is intended to assist researchers in both industry and academia in the design and development of novel sensors based on graphene plasmonics.
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41
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Dai Z, Hu G, Ou Q, Zhang L, Xia F, Garcia-Vidal FJ, Qiu CW, Bao Q. Artificial Metaphotonics Born Naturally in Two Dimensions. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6197-6246. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Qingdong Ou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Fengnian Xia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Francisco J. Garcia-Vidal
- Departamento de Fisica Teorica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia−San Sebastian E-20018, Spain
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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42
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Wang B, Zou Y, Lu H, Kong W, Singh SC, Zhao C, Yao C, Xing J, Zheng X, Yu Z, Tong C, Xin W, Yu W, Zhao B, Guo C. Boosting Perovskite Photodetector Performance in NIR Using Plasmonic Bowtie Nanoantenna Arrays. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001417. [PMID: 32407005 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple-cation mixed metal halide perovskites are important optoelectronic materials due to their high photon to electron conversion efficiency, low exciton binding energy, and good thermal stability. However, the perovskites have low photon to electron conversion efficiency in near-infrared (NIR) due to their weak intrinsic absorption at longer wavelength, especially near the band edge and over the bandgap wavelength. A plasmonic functionalized perovskite photodetector (PD) is designed and fabricated in this study, in which the perovskite ((Cs0.06 FA0.79 MA0.15 )Pb(I0.85 Br0.15 )3 ) active materials are spin-coated on the surface of Au bowtie nanoantenna (BNA) arrays substrate. Under 785 nm laser illumination, near the bandedge of perovskite, the fabricated BNA-based plasmonic PD exhibits ≈2962% enhancement in the photoresponse over the Si/SiO2 -based normal PD. Moreover, the detectivity of the plasmonic PD has a value of 1.5 × 1012 with external quantum efficiency as high as 188.8%, more than 30 times over the normal PD. The strong boosting in the plasmonic PD performance is attributed to the enhanced electric field around BNA arrays through the coupling of localized surface plasmon resonance. The demonstrated BNA-perovskite design can also be used to enhance performance of other optoelectronic devices, and the concept can be extended to other spectral regions with different active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Zou
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huanyu Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Wenchi Kong
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Subhash C Singh
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Chen Zhao
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chaonan Yao
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xing
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zheng
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yu
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Cunzhu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xin
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Weili Yu
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Guo
- The Guo Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
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Azzam SI, Kildishev AV, Ma RM, Ning CZ, Oulton R, Shalaev VM, Stockman MI, Xu JL, Zhang X. Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:90. [PMID: 32509297 PMCID: PMC7248101 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ten years ago, three teams experimentally demonstrated the first spasers, or plasmonic nanolasers, after the spaser concept was first proposed theoretically in 2003. An overview of the significant progress achieved over the last 10 years is presented here, together with the original context of and motivations for this research. After a general introduction, we first summarize the fundamental properties of spasers and discuss the major motivations that led to the first demonstrations of spasers and nanolasers. This is followed by an overview of crucial technological progress, including lasing threshold reduction, dynamic modulation, room-temperature operation, electrical injection, the control and improvement of spasers, the array operation of spasers, and selected applications of single-particle spasers. Research prospects are presented in relation to several directions of development, including further miniaturization, the relationship with Bose-Einstein condensation, novel spaser-based interconnects, and other features of spasers and plasmonic lasers that have yet to be realized or challenges that are still to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa I. Azzam
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Alexander V. Kildishev
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Ren-Min Ma
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
| | - Cun-Zheng Ning
- Department of Electronic Engineering and International Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
| | - Rupert Oulton
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Vladimir M. Shalaev
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Mark I. Stockman
- Center for Nano-Optics (CeNO) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Jia-Lu Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and International Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Faculties of Sciences and Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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44
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Yan X, Wei H. Strong plasmon-exciton coupling between lithographically defined single metal nanoparticles and monolayer WSe 2. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9708-9716. [PMID: 32323700 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Strong coupling between surface plasmons and excitons leads to the formation of plexcitons with new energy states, providing a versatile platform for a range of frontier research subjects. Single plasmonic nanoparticles have recently attracted much attention for realizing strong coupling due to their small mode volume. However, the usually used chemically synthesized metal nanoparticles are unfavorable for accurately tailoring the surface plasmon resonances and adverse to the implementation of on-chip integration. Here, we report for the first time the realization of strong coupling between monolayer WSe2 and lithographically defined single metal nanoparticles. Focusing on gold nanobowties, the large Rabi splitting of 187 meV is achieved. The excitons around the nanogaps in the nanobowties contribute dominantly to the coupling strength, and the coupling strength is larger for smaller nanobowties due to the smaller mode volume. Moreover, the hybrid systems of monolayer WSe2 and gold nanoparticle monomers of nanorods, nanotriangles, and nanodisks are found to closely satisfy the criterion of strong coupling. The strong plasmon-exciton coupling realized by single plasmonic nanostructures fabricated by advanced nanofabrication techniques and monolayer semiconductors can provide new opportunities for manipulating strong light-matter interactions at the nanoscale and facilitate the development of plexciton-based nanodevices with ultrasmall footprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
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45
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Wen T, Zhang W, Liu S, Hu A, Zhao J, Ye Y, Chen Y, Qiu CW, Gong Q, Lu G. Steering valley-polarized emission of monolayer MoS 2 sandwiched in plasmonic antennas. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaao0019. [PMID: 32490202 PMCID: PMC7239647 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides have intrinsic spin-valley degrees of freedom, making it appealing to exploit valleytronic and optoelectronic applications at the nanoscale. Here, we demonstrate that a chiral plasmonic antenna consisting of two stacked gold nanorods can modulate strongly valley-polarized photoluminescence (PL) of monolayer MoS2 in a broad spectral range at room temperature. The valley-polarized PL of the MoS2 using the antenna can reach up to ~47%, with approximately three orders of PL magnitude enhancement within the plasmonic nanogap. Besides, the K and K' valleys under opposite circularly polarized light excitation exhibit different emission intensities and directivities in the far field, which can be attributed to the modulation of the valley-dependent excitons by the chiral antenna in both the excitation and emission processes. The distinct features of the ultracompact hybrid suggest potential applications for valleytronic and photonic devices, chiral quantum optics, and high-sensitivity detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Aiqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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46
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Wang H, Li S, Ai R, Huang H, Shao L, Wang J. Plasmonically enabled two-dimensional material-based optoelectronic devices. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8095-8108. [PMID: 32091526 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10755j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus and hexagonal boron nitride, have been intensively investigated as building blocks for optoelectronic devices in the past few years. Very recently, significant efforts have been devoted to the improvement of the optoelectronic performances of 2D materials, which are restricted by their intrinsically low light absorption due to the ultrathin thickness. Making use of the plasmonic effects of metal nanostructures and intrinsic plasmon excitation in graphene has been shown to be one of the promising strategies. In this minireview, recent progress in 2D material-based optoelectronics enabled by the plasmonic effects is highlighted. A perspective on more possibilities in plasmon-assisted 2D material-based optoelectronic applications will also be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Shenzhen JL Computational Science and Applied Research Institute, Shenzhen 518109, China
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Sriram P, Manikandan A, Chuang FC, Chueh YL. Hybridizing Plasmonic Materials with 2D-Transition Metal Dichalcogenides toward Functional Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1904271. [PMID: 32196957 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have become intriguing materials in the versatile field of photonics and optoelectronics because of their strong light-matter interaction that stems from the atomic layer thickness, broadband optical response, controllable optoelectronic properties, and high nonlinearity, as well as compatibility. Nevertheless, the low optical cross-section of 2D-TMDs inhibits the light-matter interaction, resulting in lower quantum yield. Therefore, hybridizing the 2D-TMDs with plasmonic nanomaterials has become one of the promising strategies to boost the optical absorption of thin 2D-TMDs. The appeal of plasmonics is based on their capability to localize and enhance the electromagnetic field and increase the optical path length of light by scattering and injecting hot electrons to TMDs. In this regard, recent achievements with respect to hybridization of the plasmonic effect in 2D-TMDs systems and its augmented optical and optoelectronic properties are reviewed. The phenomenon of plasmon-enhanced interaction in 2D-TMDs is briefly described and state-of-the-art hybrid device applications are comprehensively discussed. Finally, an outlook on future applications of these hybrid devices is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Sriram
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Arumugam Manikandan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chuan Chuang
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Physics Division, The National Center for Theoretical Science, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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Han C, Ye J. Polarized resonant emission of monolayer WS 2 coupled with plasmonic sawtooth nanoslit array. Nat Commun 2020; 11:713. [PMID: 32024841 PMCID: PMC7002612 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14597-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers have enabled important applications in light emitting devices and integrated nanophotonics because of the direct bandgap, spin-valley locking and highly tunable excitonic properties. Nevertheless, the photoluminescence polarization is almost random at room temperature due to the valley decoherence. Here, we show the room temperature control of the polarization states of the excitonic emission by integrating WS2 monolayers with a delicately designed metasurface, i.e. a silver sawtooth nanoslit array. The random polarization is transformed to linear when WS2 excitons couple with the anisotropic resonant transmission modes that arise from the surface plasmon resonance in the metallic nanostructure. The coupling is found to enhance the valley coherence that contributes to ~30% of the total linear dichroism. Further modulating the transmission modes by optimizing metasurfaces, the total linear dichroism of the plasmon-exciton hybrid system can approach 80%, which prompts the development of photonic devices based on TMDCs. Here the authors show that WS2 coupled with a plasmonic sawtooth nanoslit array is an efficient exciton-plasmon hybrid system which enables polarization modulation of the excitonic emission at the nanoscale up to 80% and observation of valley coherence at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrui Han
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China. .,Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jianting Ye
- Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Metallic WSe2: Sn nanosheets assembled on graphene by a modified hydrothermal process for hydrogen evolution reaction. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Liu W, Wang Y, Zheng B, Hwang M, Ji Z, Liu G, Li Z, Sorger VJ, Pan A, Agarwal R. Observation and Active Control of a Collective Polariton Mode and Polaritonic Band Gap in Few-Layer WS 2 Strongly Coupled with Plasmonic Lattices. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:790-798. [PMID: 31846342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional semiconductors host excitons with very large oscillator strengths and binding energies due to significantly reduced carrier screening. Two-dimensional semiconductors integrated with optical cavities are emerging as a promising platform for studying strong light-matter interactions as a route to explore a variety of exotic many-body effects. Here, in few-layered WS2 coupled with plasmonic nanoparticle lattices, we observe the formation of a collective polaritonic mode near the exciton energy and the formation of a complete polariton band gap with energy scale comparable to the exciton-plasmon coupling strength. A coupled oscillator model reveals that the collective mode arises from the cooperative coupling of the excitons to the plasmonic lattice diffraction orders via exciton-exciton interactions, leading to ultrastrong coupling. The emergence of the collective mode is accompanied by a superlinear increase of the polariton mode splitting as a function of the square root of the exciton oscillator strength. The presence of these many body effects, which are enhanced in systems which lack bulk polarization, not only allows the formation of a collective mode with periodically varying field profiles, but also further enhances the exciton-plasmon coupling. By integrating the hybrid WS2-plasmonic lattice device with a field-effect transistor, we demonstrate active tuning of the collective mode and the polariton band gap. We also report electrically tunable waveguiding in the polariton band gap region through a line defect, which can be turned off with gate bias that can extinguish the collective mode and the polariton band gap. These systems provide new opportunities for obtaining a deeper and systematic understanding of many body cooperative phenomena in two-dimensional materials coupled with periodic photonic systems and for designing more complex and actively controllable polaritonic devices including switchable polariton lasers, waveguides, and optical logical elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Biyuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronic Science , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Minsoo Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Zhurun Ji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Gerui Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Ziwei Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronic Science , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Volker J Sorger
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , George Washington University 800 22nd St., Science & Engineering Hall , Washington, D.C. 20052 , United States
| | - Anlian Pan
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronic Science , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Ritesh Agarwal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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