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Karabulut H, Xu D, Ma Y, Tut TA, Ulag S, Pinar O, Kazan D, Guncu MM, Sahin A, Wei H, Chen J, Gunduz O. A new strategy for the treatment of middle ear infection using ciprofloxacin/amoxicillin-loaded ethyl cellulose/polyhydroxybutyrate nanofibers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131794. [PMID: 38697434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
A middle ear infection occurs due to the presence of several microorganisms behind the eardrum (tympanic membrane) and is very challenging to treat due to its unique location and requires a well-designed treatment. If not treated properly, the infection can result in severe symptoms and unavoidable side effects. In this study, excellent biocompatible ethyl cellulose (EC) and biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biopolymer were used to fabricate drug-loaded nanofiber scaffolds using an electrospinning technique to overcome antibiotic overdose and insufficient efficacy of drug release during treatment. PHB polymer was produced from Halomonas sp., and the purity of PHB was found to around be 90 %. Additionally, ciprofloxacin (CIP) and amoxicillin (AMX) are highly preferable since both drugs are highly effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to treat several infections. Obtained smooth nanofibers were between 116.24 and 171.82 nm in diameter and the addition of PHB polymer and antibiotics improved the morphology of the nanofiber scaffolds. Thermal properties of the nanofiber scaffolds were tested and the highest Tg temperature resulted at 229 °C. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were tested, and the highest tensile strength resulted in 4.65 ± 6.33 MPa. Also, drug-loaded scaffolds were treated against the most common microorganisms that cause the infection, such as S.aureus, E.coli, and P.aeruginosa, and resulted in inhibition zones between 10 and 21 mm. MTT assay was performed by culturing human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD MSCs) on the scaffolds. The morphology of the hAD MSCs' attachment was tested with SEM analysis and hAD MSCs were able to attach, spread, and live on each scaffold even on the day of 7. The cumulative drug release kinetics of CIP and AMX from drug-loaded scaffolds were analysed in phosphate-buffered saline (pH: 7.4) within different time intervals of up to 14 days using a UV spectrophotometer. Furthermore, the drug release showed that the First-Order and Korsmeyer-Peppas models were the most suitable kinetic models. Animal testing was performed on SD rats, matrix and collagen deposition occurred on days 5 and 10, which were observed using Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. At the highest drug concentration, a better repair effect was observed. Results were promising and showed potential for novel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Karabulut
- Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, New York, USA; Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Research, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dingli Xu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxi Ma
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tufan Arslan Tut
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Research, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Songul Ulag
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Research, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orkun Pinar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, 50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Dilek Kazan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Bacpolyzyme Bioengineering LLC., Marmara University Technopark., Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mucahit Guncu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/ Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital & Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China..
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Research, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Adetunji AI, Erasmus M. Green Synthesis of Bioplastics from Microalgae: A State-of-the-Art Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1322. [PMID: 38794516 PMCID: PMC11124873 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of conventional plastics has increased tremendously in the last decades due to rapid industrialization, population growth, and advancement in the use of modern technologies. However, overuse of these fossil fuel-based plastics has resulted in serious environmental and health hazards by causing pollution, global warming, etc. Therefore, the use of microalgae as a feedstock is a promising, green, and sustainable approach for the production of biobased plastics. Various biopolymers, such as polyhydroxybutyrate, polyurethane, polylactic acid, cellulose-based polymers, starch-based polymers, and protein-based polymers, can be produced from different strains of microalgae under varying culture conditions. Different techniques, including genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, the use of photobioreactors, response surface methodology, and artificial intelligence, are used to alter and improve microalgae stocks for the commercial synthesis of bioplastics at lower costs. In comparison to conventional plastics, these biobased plastics are biodegradable, biocompatible, recyclable, non-toxic, eco-friendly, and sustainable, with robust mechanical and thermoplastic properties. In addition, the bioplastics are suitable for a plethora of applications in the agriculture, construction, healthcare, electrical and electronics, and packaging industries. Thus, this review focuses on techniques for the production of biopolymers and bioplastics from microalgae. In addition, it discusses innovative and efficient strategies for large-scale bioplastic production while also providing insights into the life cycle assessment, end-of-life, and applications of bioplastics. Furthermore, some challenges affecting industrial scale bioplastics production and recommendations for future research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adegoke Isiaka Adetunji
- Centre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
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Chandna S, Olivares M CA, Baranovskii E, Engelmann G, Böker A, Tzschucke CC, Haag R. Lignin Upconversion by Functionalization and Network Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313945. [PMID: 37830521 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a complex and abundant biopolymer derived from plant cell walls, has emerged as a promising feedstock for sustainable material development. Due to the high abundance of phenylpropanoid units, aromatic rings, and hydroxyl groups, lignin is an ideal candidate for being explored in various material applications. Therefore, the demand on lignin valorization for development of value-added products is significantly increasing. This mini-review provides an overview of lignin upconversion, focusing on its functionalization through chemical and enzymatic routes, and its application in lignin-based polymer resins, hydrogels, and nanomaterials. The functionalization of lignin molecules with various chemical groups offers tailored properties and increased compatibility with other materials, expanding its potential applications. Additionally, the formation of lignin-based networks, either through cross-linking or blending with polymers, generates novel materials with improved mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. However, challenges remain in optimizing functionalization techniques, preserving the innate complexity of lignin, and achieving scalability for industrial implementation. As lignin's potential continues to be unlocked, it is poised to contribute significantly to the shift towards more eco-friendly and resource-efficient industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjam Chandna
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen A Olivares M
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Egor Baranovskii
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Engelmann
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung (IAP), Geiselbergstrasse 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexander Böker
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung (IAP), Geiselbergstrasse 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - C Christoph Tzschucke
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Jaffur BN, Kumar G, Jeetah P, Ramakrishna S, Bhatia SK. Current advances and emerging trends in sustainable polyhydroxyalkanoate modification from organic waste streams for material applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126781. [PMID: 37696371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The current processes for producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are costly, owing to the high cost of cultivation feedstocks, and the need to sterilise the growth medium, which is energy-intensive. PHA has been identified as a promising biomaterial with a wide range of potential applications and its functionalization from waste streams has made significant advances recently, which can help foster the growth of a circular economy and waste reduction. Recent developments and novel approaches in the functionalization of PHAs derived from various waste streams offer opportunities for addressing these issues. This study focuses on the development of sustainable, efficient, and cutting-edge methods, such as advanced bioprocess engineering, novel catalysts, and advances in materials science. Chemical techniques, such as epoxidation, oxidation, and esterification, have been employed for PHA functionalization, while enzymatic and microbial methods have indicated promise. PHB/polylactic acid blends with cellulose fibers showed improved tensile strength by 24.45-32.08 % and decreased water vapor and oxygen transmission rates while PHB/Polycaprolactone blends with a 1:1 ratio demonstrated an elongation at break four to six times higher than pure PHB, without altering tensile strength or elastic modulus. Moreover, PHB films blended with both polyethylene glycol and esterified sodium alginate showed improvements in crystallinity and decreased hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Nausheen Jaffur
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental, Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Pratima Jeetah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
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Ren ZW, Wang ZY, Ding YW, Dao JW, Li HR, Ma X, Yang XY, Zhou ZQ, Liu JX, Mi CH, Gao ZC, Pei H, Wei DX. Polyhydroxyalkanoates: the natural biopolyester for future medical innovations. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6013-6034. [PMID: 37522312 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01043k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of natural microbial biopolyesters with the same basic chemical structure and diverse side chain groups. Based on their excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, thermoplastic properties and diversity, PHAs are highly promising medical biomaterials and elements of medical devices for applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. However, due to the high cost of biotechnological production, most PHAs have yet to be applied in the clinic and have only been studied at laboratory scale. This review focuses on the biosynthesis, diversity, physical properties, biodegradability and biosafety of PHAs. We also discuss optimization strategies for improved microbial production of commercial PHAs via novel synthetic biology tools. Moreover, we also systematically summarize various medical devices based on PHAs and related design approaches for medical applications, including tissue repair and drug delivery. The main degradation product of PHAs, 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), is recognized as a new functional molecule for cancer therapy and immune regulation. Although PHAs still account for only a small percentage of medical polymers, up-and-coming novel medical PHA devices will enter the clinical translation stage in the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Ze-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Yan-Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Jin-Wei Dao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
- Dehong Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Dehong Teachers' College, Dehong, 678400, China
| | - Hao-Ru Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Xue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Zi-Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Jia-Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Chen-Hui Mi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Zhe-Chen Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Hua Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China.
| | - Dai-Xu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong Psychiatric Research Center, Zigong Institute of Brain Science, Zigong, 643002, Sichuan, China
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6
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Kong U, Mohammad Rawi NF, Tay GS. The Potential Applications of Reinforced Bioplastics in Various Industries: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102399. [PMID: 37242974 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of bioplastics has been an evolution for plastic industry since conventional plastics have been claimed to cause several environmental issues. Apart from its biodegradability, one of the advantages can be identified of using bioplastic is that they are produced by renewal resources as the raw materials for synthesis. Nevertheless, bioplastics can be classified into two types, which are biodegradable and non-biodegradable, depending on the type of plastic that is produced. Although some of the bioplastics are non-biodegradable, the usage of biomass in synthesising the bioplastics helps in preserving non-renewable resources, which are petrochemical, in producing conventional plastics. However, the mechanical strength of bioplastic still has room for improvement as compared to conventional plastics, which is believed to limit its application. Ideally, bioplastics need to be reinforced for improving their performance and properties to serve their application. Before 21st century, synthetic reinforcement has been used to reinforce conventional plastic to achieve its desire properties to serve its application, such as glass fiber. Owing to several issues, the trend has been diversified to utilise natural resources as reinforcements. There are several industries that have started to use reinforced bioplastic, and this article focuses on the advantages of using reinforced bioplastic in various industries and its limitations. Therefore, this article aims to study the trend of reinforced bioplastic applications and the potential applications of reinforced bioplastics in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwei Kong
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Fazita Mohammad Rawi
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Guan Seng Tay
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
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Mohite P, Shah SR, Singh S, Rajput T, Munde S, Ade N, Prajapati BG, Paliwal H, Mori DD, Dudhrejiya AV. Chitosan and chito-oligosaccharide: a versatile biopolymer with endless grafting possibilities for multifarious applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1190879. [PMID: 37274159 PMCID: PMC10235636 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1190879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chito-oligosaccharides (COS), derived from chitosan (CH), are attracting increasing attention as drug delivery carriers due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mucoadhesive properties. Grafting, the process of chemically modifying CH/COS by adding side chains, has been used to improve their drug delivery performance by enhancing their stability, targeted delivery, and controlled release. In this review, we aim to provide an in-depth study on the recent advances in the grafting of CH/COS for multifarious applications. Moreover, the various strategies and techniques used for grafting, including chemical modification, enzymatic modification, and physical modification, are elaborated. The properties of grafted CH/COS, such as stability, solubility, and biocompatibility, were reported. Additionally, the review detailed the various applications of grafted CH/COS in drug delivery, including the delivery of small drug molecule, proteins, and RNA interference therapeutics. Furthermore, the effectiveness of grafted CH/COS in improving the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs was included. Finally, the challenges and limitations associated with the use of grafted CH/COS for drug delivery and outline directions for future research are addressed. The insights provided in this review will be valuable for researchers and drug development professionals interested in the application of grafted CH/COS for multifarious applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Popat Mohite
- AETs St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunny R. Shah
- B. K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Gujarat Technological University, Rajkot, India
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Tanavirsing Rajput
- AETs St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shubham Munde
- AETs St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nitin Ade
- AETs St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhupendra G. Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, India
| | - Himanshu Paliwal
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Dhaval D. Mori
- B. K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Gujarat Technological University, Rajkot, India
| | - Ashvin V. Dudhrejiya
- B. K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Gujarat Technological University, Rajkot, India
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Kumar V, Lakkaboyana SK, Tsouko E, Maina S, Pandey M, Umesh M, Singhal B, Sharma N, Awasthi MK, Andler R, Jayaraj I, Yuzir A. Commercialization potential of agro-based polyhydroxyalkanoates biorefinery: A technical perspective on advances and critical barriers. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123733. [PMID: 36801274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The exponential increase in the use and careless discard of synthetic plastics has created an alarming concern over the environmental health due to the detrimental effects of petroleum based synthetic polymeric compounds. Piling up of these plastic commodities on various ecological niches and entry of their fragmented parts into soil and water has clearly affected the quality of these ecosystems in the past few decades. Among the many constructive strategies developed to tackle this global issue, use of biopolymers like polyhydroxyalkanoates as sustainable alternatives for synthetic plastics has gained momentum. Despite their excellent material properties and significant biodegradability, polyhydroxyalkanoates still fails to compete with their synthetic counterparts majorly due to the high cost associated with their production and purification thereby limiting their commercialization. Usage of renewable feedstocks as substrates for polyhydroxyalkanoates production has been the thrust area of research to attain the sustainability tag. This review work attempts to provide insights about the recent developments in the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using renewable feedstock along with various pretreatment methods used for substrate preparation for polyhydroxyalkanoates production. Further, the application of blends based on polyhydroxyalkanoates, and the challenges associated with the waste valorization based polyhydroxyalkanoates production strategy is elaborated in this review work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- Ecotoxicity and Bioconversion Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Thandalam 602105, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Sivarama Krishna Lakkaboyana
- Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai 600062, India; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT)-Universiti Technologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Erminta Tsouko
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropolite Ioakeim 2, 81400, Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Sofia Maina
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Muskan Pandey
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Mridul Umesh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Barkha Singhal
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Metagenomics and Bioprocess Design Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Rodrigo Andler
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile
| | - Iyyappan Jayaraj
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Ali Yuzir
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT)-Universiti Technologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kinyanjui Muiruri J, Chee Chuan Yeo J, Yun Debbie Soo X, Wang S, Liu H, Kong J, Cao J, Hoon Tan B, Suwardi A, Li Z, Xu J, Jun Loh X, Zhu Q. Recent Advances of Sustainable Short-chain length Polyhydroxyalkanoates (Scl-PHAs) – Plant Biomass Composites. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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10
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Tyubaeva PM, Varyan IA, Nikolskaya ED, Mollaeva MR, Yabbarov NG, Sokol MB, Chirkina MV, Popov AA. Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Activity of Electrospun Fibrous Materials Based on PHB and Modified with Hemin. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13020236. [PMID: 36677989 PMCID: PMC9861043 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the hemin (Hmi) on the structure and properties of nanocomposite electrospun materials based on poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is discussed in the article. The additive significantly affected the morphology of fibers allowed to produce more elastic material and provided high antimicrobial activity. The article considers also the impact of the hemin on the biocompatibility of the nonwoven material based on PHB and the prospects for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina M. Tyubaeva
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Academic Department of Innovational Materials and Technologies Chemistry, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Per., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivetta A. Varyan
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Academic Department of Innovational Materials and Technologies Chemistry, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Per., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena D. Nikolskaya
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariia R. Mollaeva
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita G. Yabbarov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria B. Sokol
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita V. Chirkina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly A. Popov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Academic Department of Innovational Materials and Technologies Chemistry, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Per., 117997 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Komisarz K, Majka TM, Pielichowski K. Chemical and Physical Modification of Lignin for Green Polymeric Composite Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:16. [PMID: 36614353 PMCID: PMC9821536 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a valuable polymer of natural origin, displays numerous desired intrinsic properties; however, modification processes leading to the value-added products suitable for composite materials' applications are in demand. Chemical modification routes involve mostly reactions with hydroxyl groups present in the structure of lignin, but other paths, such as copolymerization or grafting, are also utilized. On the other hand, physical techniques, such as irradiation, freeze-drying, and sorption, to enhance the surface properties of lignin and the resulting composite materials, are developed. Various kinds of chemically or physically modified lignin are discussed in this review and their effects on the properties of polymeric (bio)materials are presented. Lignin-induced enhancements in green polymer composites, such as better dimensional stability, improved hydrophobicity, and improved mechanical properties, along with biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity, have been presented. This review addresses the challenges connected with the efficient modification of lignin, which depends on polymer origin and the modification conditions. Finally, future outlooks on modified lignins as useful materials on their own and as prospective biofillers for environmentally friendly polymeric materials are presented.
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12
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Innovative solutions and challenges to increase the use of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in food packaging and disposables. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Pei W, Deng J, Wang P, Wang X, Zheng L, Zhang Y, Huang C. Sustainable lignin and lignin-derived compounds as potential therapeutic agents for degenerative orthopaedic diseases: A systemic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:547-560. [PMID: 35643155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lignin, the most abundant natural and sustainable phenolic compound in biomass, has exhibited medicinal values due to its biological activities decided by physicochemical properties. Recently, the lignin and its derivatives (such as lignosulfonates and lignosulfonate) have been proven efficient in regulating cellular process and the extracellular microenvironment, which has been regarded as the key factor in disease progression. In orthopaedic diseases, especially the degenerative diseases represented by osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, excessive activated inflammation has been proven as a key stage in the pathological process. Due to the excellent biocompatibility, antibacterial and antioxidative activities of lignin and its derivatives, they have been applied to stimulate cells and restore the uncoupling bone remodeling in the degenerative orthopaedic diseases. However, there is a lack of a systemic review to state the current research actuality of lignin and lignin-derived compounds in treating degenerative orthopaedic diseases. Herein, we summarized the current application of lignin and lignin-derived compounds in orthopaedic diseases and proposed their possible therapeutic mechanism in treating degenerative orthopaedic diseases. It is hoped this work could guide the future preparation of lignin/lignin-derived drugs and implants as available therapeutic strategies for clinically degenerative orthopaedic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Pei
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Junping Deng
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xucai Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Liming Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Yangheng Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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14
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Carboué Q, Fadlallah S, Werghi Y, Longé L, Gallos A, Allais F, Lopez M. Impact of Bis-O-dihydroferuloyl-1,4-butanediol Content on the Chemical, Enzymatic and Fungal Degradation Processes of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081564. [PMID: 35458314 PMCID: PMC9031392 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a very common bio-based and biocompatible polymer obtained from the fermentation of soil bacteria. Due to its important crystallinity, PHB is extremely brittle in nature, which results in poor mechanical properties with low extension at the break. To overcome these issues, the crystallinity of PHB can be reduced by blending with plasticizers such as ferulic acid derivatives, e.g., bis-O-dihydroferuloyl-1,4-butanediol (BDF). The degradation potential of polymer blends of PHB containing various percentages (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 w%) of BDF was investigated through chemical, enzymatic and fungal pathways. Chemical degradation revealed that, in 0.25 M NaOH solution, the presence of BDF in the blend was necessary to carry out the degradation, which increased as the BDF percentage increased. Whereas no enzymatic degradation could be achieved in the tested conditions. Fungal degradation was achieved with a strain isolated from the soil and monitored through imagery processing. Similar to the chemical degradation, higher BDF content resulted in higher degradation by the fungus.
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15
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Kh. Kara G, Tadjarodi A, Kehtari M. Designing a novel 3D nanofibrous scaffold based on nanoalloy AuAg NPs (AuAg@ PAN NFs) for osteogenic differentiation of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs). Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Sethupathy S, Murillo Morales G, Gao L, Wang H, Yang B, Jiang J, Sun J, Zhu D. Lignin valorization: Status, challenges and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126696. [PMID: 35026423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an abundant aromatic biopolymer, lignin has the potential to produce various chemicals, biofuels of interest through biorefinery activities and is expected to benefit the future circular economy. However, lignin valorization is hindered by a series of constraints such as heterogeneous polymeric nature, intrinsic recalcitrance, strong smell, dark colour, challenges in lignocelluloses fractionation and the presence of high bond dissociation enthalpies in its functional groups etc. Nowadays, industrial lignin is mostly combusted for electricity production and the recycling of inorganic compounds involved in the pulping process. Given the research and development on lignin valorization in recent years, important applications such as lignin-based hydrogels, surfactants, three-dimensional printing materials, electrodes and production of fine chemicals have been systematically reviewed. Finally, this review highlights the main constraints affecting industrial lignin valorization, possible solutions and future perspectives, in the light of its abundance and its potential applications reported in the scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasamy Sethupathy
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Gabriel Murillo Morales
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Lu Gao
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering /College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Daochen Zhu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China.
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17
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Chen H, Oveissi F, Daly S, Shahrbabaki Z, Naficy S, Dehghani F. A green and biodegradable plasticizer from copolymers of poly(β‐hydroxybutyrate‐
co
‐ε‐caprolactone). J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Farshad Oveissi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Sean Daly
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Zahra Shahrbabaki
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Sina Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
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18
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Sugiarto S, Leow Y, Tan CL, Wang G, Kai D. How far is Lignin from being a biomedical material? Bioact Mater 2022; 8:71-94. [PMID: 34541388 PMCID: PMC8424518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin is a versatile biomass that possesses many different desirable properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-UV, and good biocompatibility. Natural lignin can be processed through several chemical processes. The processed lignin can be modified into functionalized lignin through chemical modifications to develop and enhance biomaterials. Thus, lignin is one of the prime candidate for various biomaterial applications such as drug and gene delivery, biosensors, bioimaging, 3D printing, tissue engineering, and dietary supplement additive. This review presents the potential of developing and utilizing lignin in the outlook of new and sustainable biomaterials. Thereafter, we also discuss on the challenges and outlook of utilizing lignin as a biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigit Sugiarto
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Yihao Leow
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Chong Li Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634 Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Guan Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Dan Kai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634 Singapore
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19
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Shu F, Jiang B, Yuan Y, Li M, Wu W, Jin Y, Xiao H. Biological Activities and Emerging Roles of Lignin and Lignin-Based Products─A Review. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4905-4918. [PMID: 34806363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive substances, displaying excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and processability, could be extensively applied in biomedicine and tissue engineering. In recent years, plant-based bioactive substances such as flavonoids, vitamins, terpenes, and lignin have received considerable attention due to their human health benefits and pharmaceutical/medical applications. Among them is lignin, an amorphous biomacromolecule mainly derived from the combinatorial radical coupling of three phenylpropane units (p-hydroxypenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl) during lignification. Lignin possesses intrinsic bioactivities (antioxidative, antibacterial, anti-UV activities, etc.) against phytopathogens. Lignin also enhances the plant resistance (adaptability) against environmental stresses. The abundant structural features of lignin offer other significant bioactivities including antitumor and antivirus bioactivities, regulation of plant growth, and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. This Review reports the latest research results on the bioactive potential of lignin and lignin-based substances in biomedicine, agriculture, and biomass conversion. Moreover, the interfacial reactions and bonding mechanisms of lignin with biotissue/cells and other constituents were also discussed, aiming at promoting the conversion or evolution of lignin from industrial wastes to value-added bioactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Shu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.,Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mohan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.,Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B5A3, Canada
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20
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Lizundia E, Sipponen MH, Greca LG, Balakshin M, Tardy BL, Rojas OJ, Puglia D. Multifunctional lignin-based nanocomposites and nanohybrids. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2021; 23:6698-6760. [PMID: 34671223 PMCID: PMC8452181 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress in lignins valorization and development of high-performance sustainable materials have been achieved in recent years. Reports related to lignin utilization indicate excellent prospects considering green chemistry, chemical engineering, energy, materials and polymer science, physical chemistry, biochemistry, among others. To fully realize such potential, one of the most promising routes involves lignin uses in nanocomposites and nanohybrid assemblies, where synergistic interactions are highly beneficial. This review first discusses the interfacial assembly of lignins with polysaccharides, proteins and other biopolymers, for instance, in the synthesis of nanocomposites. To give a wide perspective, we consider the subject of hybridization with metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, as well as uses as precursor of carbon materials and the assembly with other biobased nanoparticles, for instance to form nanohybrids. We provide cues to understand the fundamental aspects related to lignins, their self-assembly and supramolecular organization, all of which are critical in nanocomposites and nanohybrids. We highlight the possibilities of lignin in the fields of flame retardancy, food packaging, plant protection, electroactive materials, energy storage and health sciences. The most recent outcomes are evaluated given the importance of lignin extraction, within established and emerging biorefineries. We consider the benefit of lignin compared to synthetic counterparts. Bridging the gap between fundamental and application-driven research, this account offers critical insights as far as the potential of lignin as one of the frontrunners in the uptake of bioeconomy concepts and its application in value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlantz Lizundia
- Life Cycle Thinking group, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Bilbao 48013 Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures UPV/EHU Science Park 48940 Leioa Spain
| | - Mika H Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Luiz G Greca
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Mikhail Balakshin
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia 2360 East Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Debora Puglia
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia Strada di Pentima 4 05100 Terni Italy
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21
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Kumar AN, Katakojwala R, Amulya K, Mohan SV. Polyhydroxybutyrate production from dark-fermentative effluent and composite grafting with bagasse derived α-cellulose in a biorefinery approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130563. [PMID: 34134408 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated the preparation of a biocomposite using waste-derived polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and bagasse cellulose (α-cellulose) in a biorefinery approach. PHB was produced using dark fermentation effluent rich in volatile fatty acids (VFA) derived from vegetable waste and α-cellulose was extracted from sugarcane bagasse (SCB). Nutrient limitation induced microbial PHB accumulation, wherein maximum production of 0.28 ± 0.06 g PHB/g DCW (28%) was observed. Confocal examination showed the deposition of PHB granules in the cell cytoplasm and NMR spectrum exhibited a structural correlation. α-Cellulose (0.22 ± 0.02 g α-cellulose/g SCB) was extracted through SCB pretreatment. Thereafter, grafting α-cellulose with PHB offered intermolecular bonding, which resulted in enhanced thermal stability of the biocomposite than corresponding pristine PHB. FE-SEM morphological examination of biocomposite depicted that α-cellulose functioned as a filler to PHB. XRD profiles showed significant decrement in PHB crystallinity, signifying the functional role of α-cellulose as an effective reinforcing agent. Additionally, ether functional group of α-cellulose and ester group of PHB also appeared in XPS analysis of the composite, thus authorizing the effective blending of α-cellulose and PHB. Utilization of bagasse-derived cellulose for strengthening biologically produced PHB expands its applications, while simultaneously addressing the plastic pollution issues. Additional value from this process was further achieved by incorporating the concept of biorefinery, wherein acidogenic fermentation effluents were used for the production of PHA, which enabled the re-entry of products (VFA) to the production cycle, thus achieving circularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Naresh Kumar
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ranaprathap Katakojwala
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - K Amulya
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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22
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Ren Y, Xie J, He X, Shi R, Liu C. Preparation of Lignin-Based High-Ortho Thermoplastic Phenolic Resins and Fibers. Molecules 2021; 26:3993. [PMID: 34208841 PMCID: PMC8271395 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surplus lignin, which is inefficiently used, is generated in the forestry industry. Currently, most studies use lignin instead of phenol to synthesize thermosetting resins which cannot be reprocessed, thus affecting its application field. Thermoplastic phenolic resin has an orderly structure and excellent molding performance, which can greatly improve its application field and economic value. Herein, phenol was partially replaced with enzymolysis lignin (without treatment), generating lignin-based high-ortho thermoplastic phenolic resins (LPRs), and then lignin-based phenolic fibers (LPFs) were prepared by melt spinning. FTIR, 13C-NMR and GPC were used to characterize the ortho-para position ratio (O/P value), molecular weight and its distribution (PDI), and rheological properties of the resin. TG, XRD, SEM and tensile property studies were used to determine the thermal stability, orientation, and surface morphology of the fiber. Lignin addition resulted in the decline of the O/P value and molecular weight of the resin. For the 10% LPR, the O/P value, Mw, and PDI were 1.28, 4263, and 2.74, respectively, with the fiber exhibiting relatively good spinnability. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the 10% LPF were 160.9 MPa and 1.9%, respectively. The addition of lignin effectively improved the thermal properties of the fiber, and the carbon yields of 20% LPF before and after curing were 39.7% and 53.6%, respectively, which were 22.2% and 13.7% higher than that of the unmodified fiber, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.R.); (J.X.)
| | - Jin Xie
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.R.); (J.X.)
| | - Xiahong He
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Rui Shi
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Can Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.R.); (J.X.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
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23
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Mora-Sandí A, Ramírez-González A, Castillo-Henríquez L, Lopretti-Correa M, Vega-Baudrit JR. Persea Americana Agro-Industrial Waste Biorefinery for Sustainable High-Value-Added Products. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1727. [PMID: 34070330 PMCID: PMC8197556 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant problems have arisen in recent years, such as global warming and hunger. These complications are related to the depletion and exploitation of natural resources, as well as environmental pollution. In this context, bioprocesses and biorefinery can be used to manage agro-industrial wastes for obtaining high-value-added products. A large number of by-products are composed of lignin and cellulose, having the potential to be exploited sustainably for chemical and biological conversion. The biorefinery of agro-industrial wastes has applications in many fields, such as pharmaceuticals, medicine, material engineering, and environmental remediation. A comprehensive approach has been developed toward the agro-industrial management of avocado (Persea americana) biomass waste, which can be transformed into high-value-added products to mitigate global warming, save non-renewable energy, and contribute to health and science. Therefore, this work presents a comprehensive review on avocado fruit waste biorefinery and its possible applications as biofuel, as drugs, as bioplastics, in the environmental field, and in emerging nanotechnological opportunities for economic and scientific growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Mora-Sandí
- School of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica (UNA), Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica; (A.M.-S.); (A.R.-G.)
| | - Abigail Ramírez-González
- School of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica (UNA), Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica; (A.M.-S.); (A.R.-G.)
| | - Luis Castillo-Henríquez
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Mary Lopretti-Correa
- Nuclear Research Center, Faculty of Science, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo 11300, Uruguay;
| | - José Roberto Vega-Baudrit
- School of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica (UNA), Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica; (A.M.-S.); (A.R.-G.)
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica;
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Naresh Kumar A, Kim GB, Muhorakeye A, Varjani S, Kim SH. Biopolymer production using volatile fatty acids as resource: Effect of feast-famine strategy and lignin reinforcement. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124736. [PMID: 33524882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the biopolymer production using VFA's as carbon source through feast and famine strategy in a sequencing batch reactor. Famine condition with nutrients and oxygen limitation resulted in high polyhydroxybutyrate yield (PHB: 2.65 ± 0.012 g/L; 0.36 ± 0.015 gPHB/gVFA) than feast mode (0.26 ± 0.02 g/L; 0.034 ± 0.013 gPHB/gVFA). Repeated batch operations induced substrate consumption, wherein acetate utilization was high in both the conditions (feast: 83%, famine 74%) followed by butyrate (feast: 74%, famine 72%). Besides, high biomass concentration was also observed in feast condition (3.45 ± 0.14 g/L VSS), while oxygen and nutrients limitation in famine mode regulated the carbon use for biomass growth (2.46 ± 0.15 g/L VSS). Further, PHB grafting with lignin (3% and 5%) exhibited increased thermal stability than pristine PHB. Biopolymer production using VFA's as carbon source and utilization of lignin as functional filler for strengthening PHB offer lignin valorization also wider its applications specifically in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Naresh Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Beom Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Alice Muhorakeye
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 010, India
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Abstract
A critical review on the synthesis, characterization, and modeling of polymer grafting is presented. Although the motivation stemmed from grafting synthetic polymers onto lignocellulosic biopolymers, a comprehensive overview is also provided on the chemical grafting, characterization, and processing of grafted materials of different types, including synthetic backbones. Although polymer grafting has been studied for many decades—and so has the modeling of polymer branching and crosslinking for that matter, thereby reaching a good level of understanding in order to describe existing branching/crosslinking systems—polymer grafting has remained behind in modeling efforts. Areas of opportunity for further study are suggested within this review.
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Abstract
This review examines recent strategies, challenges, and future opportunities in preparing high-performance polymeric materials from lignin and its derivable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett F. Bass
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Thomas H. Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
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27
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Lugoloobi I, Li X, Zhang Y, Mao Z, Wang B, Sui X, Feng X. Fabrication of lignin/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) nanocomposites with enhanced properties via a Pickering emulsion approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:3078-3087. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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28
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Wang YY, Meng X, Pu Y, J. Ragauskas A. Recent Advances in the Application of Functionalized Lignin in Value-Added Polymeric Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2277. [PMID: 33023014 PMCID: PMC7600109 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for converting lignin into high-value products has been continuously pursued in the past few decades. In its native form, lignin is a group of heterogeneous polymers comprised of phenylpropanoids. The major commercial lignin streams, including Kraft lignin, lignosulfonates, soda lignin and organosolv lignin, are produced from industrial processes including the paper and pulping industry and emerging lignocellulosic biorefineries. Although lignin has been viewed as a low-cost and renewable feedstock to replace petroleum-based materials, its utilization in polymeric materials has been suppressed due to the low reactivity and inherent physicochemical properties of lignin. Hence, various lignin modification strategies have been developed to overcome these problems. Herein, we review recent progress made in the utilization of functionalized lignins in commodity polymers including thermoset resins, blends/composites, grafted functionalized copolymers and carbon fiber precursors. In the synthesis of thermoset resins such as polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde and epoxy, they are covalently incorporated into the polymer matrix, and the discussion is focused on chemical modifications improving the reactivity of technical lignins. In blends/composites, functionalization of technical lignins is based upon tuning the intermolecular forces between polymer components. In addition, grafted functional polymers have expanded the utilization of lignin-based copolymers to biomedical materials and value-added additives. Different modification approaches have also been applied to facilitate the application of lignin as carbon fiber precursors, heavy metal adsorbents and nanoparticles. These emerging fields will create new opportunities in cost-effectively integrating the lignin valorization into lignocellulosic biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yan Wang
- Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Joint Institute for Biological Science, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;
- The Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
- Joint Institute for Biological Science, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;
- The Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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29
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Abstract
Sea hazards are increasingly threatening worldwide coastal areas, which are among the most strategic resources of the Earth in supporting human population, economy and the environment. These hazards enhance erosion processes and flooding events, producing severe socio-economic impacts and posing a challenge to ocean engineers and stakeholders in finding the optimal strategy to protect both the coastal communities and the health of the environment. The impact of coastal hazards is actually worsened not only by an enhancing rate of relative sea level rise and storminess driven by climate changes, but also by increasing urban pressure related to the development of the sea economy. With regard to larger environmental awareness and climate change adaptation needs, the present study focuses on a stepwise approach that supports the actions for coastal protection at Calabaia Beach, which is located in the Marine Experimental Station of Capo Tirone (Cosenza, Italy). These actions first aim to protect humans and coastal assets, then to restore the environment and the local habitat, overcoming the need for the emergency interventions carried out in the last decades and pointing out that healthy ecosystems are more productive and support a sustainable marine economy (“Blue Growth”).
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Liu R, Dai L, Xu C, Wang K, Zheng C, Si C. Lignin-Based Micro- and Nanomaterials and their Composites in Biomedical Applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4266-4283. [PMID: 32462781 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, as the most abundant aromatic renewable biopolymer in nature, has long been regarded as waste and simply discarded from the pulp and paper industry. In recent years, with many breakthroughs in lignin chemistry, pretreatment, and processing techniques, a lot of the inherent bioactivities of lignin, including antioxidant activities, antimicrobial activities, biocompatibilities, optical properties, and metal-ion chelating and redox activities, have been discovered and this has opened a new field not only for lignin-based materials but also for biomaterials. In this Review, the biological activities of lignin and drug/gene delivery and bioimaging applications of various types of lignin-based material are summarized. In addition, the challenges and limitations of lignin-based materials encountered during the development of biomedical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20500, Finland
| | - Lin Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20500, Finland
| | - Kai Wang
- International Medicine Centre, Tianjin Hospital, 506 Jiefang South Road, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Chunyang Zheng
- Robustnique Co. Ltd., Block C, Phase II, Pioneer Park, Lanyuan Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
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32
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Suzuki S, Ishikuro A, Hamano Y, Hirose D, Wada N, Takahashi K. Understanding and Suppression of Side Reaction during Transesterification of Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups of Lignin with Vinyl Ester. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Suzuki
- Department of Biomaterial Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akinari Ishikuro
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hamano
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hirose
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Naoki Wada
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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33
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Manikandan NA, Pakshirajan K, Pugazhenthi G. Preparation and characterization of environmentally safe and highly biodegradable microbial polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) based graphene nanocomposites for potential food packaging applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:866-877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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34
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Manikandan NA, Pakshirajan K, Pugazhenthi G. A closed-loop biorefinery approach for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production using sugars from carob pods as the sole raw material and downstream processing using the co-product lignin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 307:123247. [PMID: 32234592 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel closed-loop biorefinery model using carob pods as the feed material was developed for PHB production. The carob pods were delignified, and as the second step, sugars present in the delignified carob pods were extracted using water. Ralstonia eutropha and Bacillus megaterium were cultivated on the carob pod extract and its performance was evaluated using Taguchi experimental design. R. eutropha outperformed the B. megaterium in terms of its capability to grow at a maximum initial sugar concentration of 40 g L-1 with a maximum PHB production of 12.2 g L-1. Finally, the concentrated lignin from the first step was diluted with different proportion of chloroform to extract PHB from the bacterial biomass. The PHB yield and purity obtained were more than 90% respectively using either R. eutropha or B. megaterium. Properties of the PHB produced in this study were examined to establish its application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arul Manikandan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Kannan Pakshirajan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - G Pugazhenthi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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35
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Narancic T, Cerrone F, Beagan N, O’Connor KE. Recent Advances in Bioplastics: Application and Biodegradation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E920. [PMID: 32326661 PMCID: PMC7240402 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of oil-based plastics and the continued growth of production and utilisation can be attributed to their cost, durability, strength to weight ratio, and eight contributions to the ease of everyday life. However, their mainly single use, durability and recalcitrant nature have led to a substantial increase of plastics as a fraction of municipal solid waste. The need to substitute single use products that are not easy to collect has inspired a lot of research towards finding sustainable replacements for oil-based plastics. In addition, specific physicochemical, biological, and degradation properties of biodegradable polymers have made them attractive materials for biomedical applications. This review summarises the advances in drug delivery systems, specifically design of nanoparticles based on the biodegradable polymers. We also discuss the research performed in the area of biophotonics and challenges and opportunities brought by the design and application of biodegradable polymers in tissue engineering. We then discuss state-of-the-art research in the design and application of biodegradable polymers in packaging and emphasise the advances in smart packaging development. Finally, we provide an overview of the biodegradation of these polymers and composites in managed and unmanaged environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Narancic
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (T.N.); (F.C.); (N.B.)
- BiOrbic - Bioeconomy Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Federico Cerrone
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (T.N.); (F.C.); (N.B.)
- BiOrbic - Bioeconomy Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Beagan
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (T.N.); (F.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Kevin E. O’Connor
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (T.N.); (F.C.); (N.B.)
- BiOrbic - Bioeconomy Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, Earth Institute, O’Brien Centre for Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland
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36
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Wang Z, Ganewatta MS, Tang C. Sustainable polymers from biomass: Bridging chemistry with materials and processing. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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37
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Anburajan P, Naresh Kumar A, Sabapathy PC, Kim GB, Cayetano RD, Yoon JJ, Kumar G, Kim SH. Polyhydroxy butyrate production by Acinetobacter junii BP25, Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966, and their co-culture using a feast and famine strategy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122062. [PMID: 31494436 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate biopolymer production using two bacterial strains, Acinetobacter junii BP25 and Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966, and their co-culture. Batch experiments were evaluated using acetate and butyrate as carbon sources in feast and famine strategy. Feast phase was studied using carbon, nitrates and phosphate in the ratio of 100:8:1 and famine phase was limited with the phosphate and nitrates. Co-culture resulted in highest specific growth rate (0.30 h-1) in the feast phase and the famine phase accounted the maximum polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation (2.46 g PHB/L), followed by Acinetobacter junii BP25 (0.25 h-1 and 1.82 g PHB/L) and Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966 (0.17 h-1 and 1.12 g PHB/L). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) structural analysis confirmed as PHB. PHB production using the co-culture could be integrated with biohydrogen process using volatile fatty acids (VFA) as a carbon source in the biorefinery framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthiban Anburajan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - A Naresh Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Gi-Beom Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Roent Dune Cayetano
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&BD Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Chungnam 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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38
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Luo Z, Wu YL, Li Z, Loh XJ. Recent Progress in Polyhydroxyalkanoates-Based Copolymers for Biomedical Applications. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900283. [PMID: 31469496 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, naturally biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) monopolymers have become focus of public attentions due to their good biocompatibility. However, due to its poor mechanical properties, high production costs, and limited functionality, its applications in materials, energy, and biomedical applications are greatly limited. In recent years, researchers have found that PHA copolymers have better thermal properties, mechanical processability, and physicochemical properties relative to their homopolymers. This review summarizes the synthesis of PHA copolymers by the latest biosynthetic and chemical modification methods. The modified PHA copolymer could greatly reduce the production cost with elevated mechanical or physicochemical properties, which can further meet the practical needs of various fields. This review further summarizes the broad applications of modified PHA copolymers in biomedical applications, which might shred lights on their commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key, Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key, Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
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39
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Ganewatta MS, Lokupitiya HN, Tang C. Lignin Biopolymers in the Age of Controlled Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1176. [PMID: 31336845 PMCID: PMC6680560 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers made from natural biomass are gaining interest due to the rising environmental concerns and depletion of petrochemical resources. Lignin isolated from lignocellulosic biomass is the second most abundant natural polymer next to cellulose. The paper pulp process produces industrial lignin as a byproduct that is mostly used for energy and has less significant utility in materials applications. High abundance, rich chemical functionalities, CO2 neutrality, reinforcing properties, antioxidant and UV blocking abilities, as well as environmental friendliness, make lignin an interesting substrate for materials and chemical development. However, poor processability, low reactivity, and intrinsic structural heterogeneity limit lignins' polymeric applications in high-performance advanced materials. With the advent of controlled polymerization methods such as ATRP, RAFT, and ADMET, there has been a great interest in academia and industry to make value-added polymeric materials from lignin. This review focuses on recent investigations that utilize controlled polymerization methods to generate novel lignin-based polymeric materials. Polymers developed from lignin-based monomers, various polymer grafting technologies, copolymer properties, and their applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra S Ganewatta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
- Ingevity Corporation, 5255 Virginia Avenue, North Charleston, SC 29406, USA.
| | - Hasala N Lokupitiya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Charleston, 66 George Street, Charleston, SC 29424, USA
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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40
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Yang J, Ching YC, Chuah CH. Applications of Lignocellulosic Fibers and Lignin in Bioplastics: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E751. [PMID: 31035331 PMCID: PMC6572173 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic fibers and lignin are two of the most important natural bioresources in the world. They show tremendous potential to decrease energy utilization/pollution and improve biodegradability by replacing synthetic fibers in bioplastics. The compatibility between the fiber-matrix plays an important part in the properties of the bioplastics. The improvement of lignocellulosic fiber properties by most surface treatments generally removes lignin. Due to the environmental pollution and high cost of cellulose modification, focus has been directed toward the use of lignocellulosic fibers in bioplastics. In addition, lignin-reinforced bioplastics are fabricated with varying success. These applications confirm there is no need to remove lignin from lignocellulosic fibers when preparing the bioplastics from a technical point of view. In this review, characterizations of lignocellulosic fibers and lignin related to their applications in bioplastics are covered. Then, we generalize the developments and problems of lignin-reinforced bioplastics and modification of lignin to improve the interaction of lignin-matrix. As for lignocellulosic fiber-reinforced bioplastics, we place importance on the low compatibility of the lignocellulosic fiber-matrix. The applications of lignin-containing cellulose and lignocellulosic fibers without delignification in the bioplastics are reviewed. A comparison between lignocellulosic fibers and lignin in the bioplastics is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Yern Chee Ching
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Cheng Hock Chuah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
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