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Deng Y, Li G, Xie L, Li X, Wu Y, Zheng J, Xian S, Zhou J, Chen J, Liu Y, Yang Q, Wang Q, Liu L. Associations of occupational exposure to micro-LiNiCoMnO 2 particles with systemic inflammation and cardiac dysfunction in cathode material production for lithium batteries. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024:124694. [PMID: 39127333 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Micro-LiNiCoMnO2 (MNCM), a cathode material with highest market share, has increasing demand with the growth of lithium battery industry. However, whether MNCM exposure brings adverse effects to workers remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between MNCM exposure with systemic inflammation and cardiac function. A cross-sectional study of 347 workers was undertaken from the MNCM production industry in Guangdong province, China in 2020. Metals in urine were measured using ICP-MS. The associations between metals, systemic inflammation, and cardiac function were appraised using a linear or logistic regression model. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and generalized weighted quantile sum (gWQS) models were used to explore mixed metal exposures. The analysis of interaction and mediation was adopted to assess the role of inflammation in the relation between urinary metals and cardiac function. We observed that the levels of lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) were positively associated with systemic inflammation and heart rate. The amount of Co contributed the highest weight on the increased systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (59.8%), the system inflammation response index (SIRI) (44.3%), and heart rate (65.0%). Based on the mediation analysis, we estimated that SII mediated 32.3% and 20.9% of the associations between Li and Co with heart rate, and SIRI mediated 44.6% and 22.2% of the associations between Li and Co with heart rate, respectively. This study demonstrated for the first time that MNCM exposure increased the risk of workers' systemic inflammation and elevated heart rate, which were contributed by the excessive Li and Co exposure. Additionally, it indicates that systemic inflammation was a major mediator of the associations of Li and Co with cardiac function in MNCM production workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaotang Deng
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Lijie Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519099, China
| | - Youyi Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jiewei Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Simin Xian
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiazhen Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jiabin Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
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Munkholm K, Mäkinen IJO, Maigaard K, Coello K, Pagsberg AK, Kessing LV. Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105766. [PMID: 38885887 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests a role for low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of peripheral markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in children and adolescents under 20 years of age with bipolar disorder. We searched PubMed, Embase and psycINFO and performed random effects meta-analysis calculating standardized mean differences (SMD) of marker levels between patients with bipolar disorder and healthy control individuals. Ten studies comprising a total of 418 patients with bipolar disorder and 3017 healthy control individuals were included. The levels of C-Reactive Protein were higher in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy individuals (SMD 0.53; 95 %CI: 0.33-0.74; I2 = 0 %). For other biomarkers there were no statistically significant differences between groups. Findings were limited by a low number of studies and participants and methodological issues in the included studies. More and larger studies using rigorous methodology are needed to establish the role of inflammation and oxidative stress in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Munkholm
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ilari Jaakko Olavi Mäkinen
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Katrine Maigaard
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Psychiatry Region Zealand, Denmark
| | - Klara Coello
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Anne Katrine Pagsberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Keskin-Erdogan Z, Mandakhbayar N, Jin GS, Li YM, Chau DYS, Day RM, Kim HW, Knowles JC. Lithium-loaded GelMA-Phosphate glass fibre constructs: Implications for astrocyte response. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1070-1082. [PMID: 38400701 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Combinations of different biomaterials with their own advantages as well as functionalization with other components have long been implemented in tissue engineering to improve the performance of the overall material. Biomaterials, particularly hydrogel platforms, have shown great potential for delivering compounds such as drugs, growth factors, and neurotrophic factors, as well as cells, in neural tissue engineering applications. In central the nervous system, astrocyte reactivity and glial scar formation are significant and complex challenges to tackle for neural and functional recovery. GelMA hydrogel-based tissue constructs have been developed in this study and combined with two different formulations of phosphate glass fibers (PGFs) (with Fe3+ or Ti2+ oxide) to impose physical and mechanical cues for modulating astrocyte cell behavior. This study was also aimed at investigating the effects of lithium-loaded GelMA-PGFs hydrogels in alleviating astrocyte reactivity and glial scar formation offering novel perspectives for neural tissue engineering applications. The rationale behind introducing lithium is driven by its long-proven therapeutic benefits in mental disorders, and neuroprotective and pronounced anti-inflammatory properties. The optimal concentrations of lithium and LPS were determined in vitro on primary rat astrocytes. Furthermore, qPCR was conducted for gene expression analysis of GFAP and IL-6 markers on primary astrocytes cultured 3D into GelMA and GelMA-PGFs hydrogels with and without lithium and in vitro stimulated with LPS for astrocyte reactivity. The results suggest that the combination of bioactive phosphate-based glass fibers and lithium loading into GelMA structures may impact GFAP expression and early IL-6 expression. Furthermore, GelMA-PGFs (Fe) constructs have shown improved performance in modulating glial scarring over GFAP regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
- Chemical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Shi Jin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Meng Li
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - David Y S Chau
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Richard M Day
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Chemical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Richard SA. Elucidating the pivotal molecular mechanisms, therapeutic and neuroprotective effects of lithium in traumatic brain injury. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3595. [PMID: 38874089 PMCID: PMC11177180 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to damage to brain tissue by mechanical or blunt force via trauma. TBI is often associated with impaired cognitive abilities, like difficulties in memory, learning, attention, and other higher brain functions, that typically remain for years after the injury. Lithium is an elementary light metal that is only utilized in salt form due to its high intrinsic reactivity. This current review discusses the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic and neuroprotective effects of lithium in TBI. METHOD The "Boolean logic" was used to search for articles on the subject matter in PubMed and PubMed Central, as well as Google Scholar. RESULTS Lithium's therapeutic action is extremely complex, involving multiple effects on gene secretion, neurotransmitter or receptor-mediated signaling, signal transduction processes, circadian modulation, as well as ion transport. Lithium is able to normalize multiple short- as well as long-term modifications in neuronal circuits that ultimately result in disparity in cortical excitation and inhibition activated by TBI. Also, lithium levels are more distinct in the hippocampus, thalamus, neo-cortex, olfactory bulb, amygdala as well as the gray matter of the cerebellum following treatment of TBI. CONCLUSION Lithium attenuates neuroinflammation and neuronal toxicity as well as protects the brain from edema, hippocampal neurodegeneration, loss of hemispheric tissues, and enhanced memory as well as spatial learning after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seidu A Richard
- Department of Medicine, Princefield University, Ho, Ghana
- Institute of Neuroscience, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Herrera-Rivero M, Gutiérrez-Fragoso K, Kurtz J, Baune BT. Immunogenetics of lithium response and psychiatric phenotypes in patients with bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:174. [PMID: 38570518 PMCID: PMC10991481 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02865-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The link between bipolar disorder (BP) and immune dysfunction remains controversial. While epidemiological studies have long suggested an association, recent research has found only limited evidence of such a relationship. To clarify this, we performed an exploratory study of the contributions of immune-relevant genetic factors to the response to lithium (Li) treatment and the clinical presentation of BP. First, we assessed the association of a large collection of immune-related genes (4925) with Li response, defined by the Retrospective Assessment of the Lithium Response Phenotype Scale (Alda scale), and clinical characteristics in patients with BP from the International Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLi+Gen, N = 2374). Second, we calculated here previously published polygenic scores (PGSs) for immune-related traits and evaluated their associations with Li response and clinical features. Overall, we observed relatively weak associations (p < 1 × 10-4) with BP phenotypes within immune-related genes. Network and functional enrichment analyses of the top findings from the association analyses of Li response variables showed an overrepresentation of pathways participating in cell adhesion and intercellular communication. These appeared to converge on the well-known Li-induced inhibition of GSK-3β. Association analyses of age-at-onset, number of mood episodes, and presence of psychosis, substance abuse and/or suicidal ideation suggested modest contributions of genes such as RTN4, XKR4, NRXN1, NRG1/3 and GRK5 to disease characteristics. PGS analyses returned weak associations (p < 0.05) between inflammation markers and the studied BP phenotypes. Our results suggest a modest relationship between immunity and clinical features in BP. More research is needed to assess the potential therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Herrera-Rivero
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Joint Institute for Individualisation in a Changing Environment (JICE), University of Münster and Bielefeld University, Münster, Germany
| | - Karina Gutiérrez-Fragoso
- Division of Engineering in Computational Systems, Higher Technological Institute of the East of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Joachim Kurtz
- Joint Institute for Individualisation in a Changing Environment (JICE), University of Münster and Bielefeld University, Münster, Germany
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Joint Institute for Individualisation in a Changing Environment (JICE), University of Münster and Bielefeld University, Münster, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Sakrajda K, Bilska K, Czerski PM, Narożna B, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Brockschmidt FF, Herms S, Nöthen MM, Cichon S, Więckowska B, Rybakowski JK, Pawlak J, Szczepankiewicz A. Abelson Helper Integration Site 1 haplotypes and peripheral blood expression associates with lithium response and immunomodulation in bipolar patients. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:727-738. [PMID: 38036661 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In bipolar disorder (BD), immunological factors play a role in the pathogenesis and treatment of the illness. Studies showed the potential link between Abelson Helper Integration Site 1 (AHI1) protein, behavioural changes and innate immunity regulation. An immunomodulatory effect was suggested for lithium, a mood stabilizer used in BD treatment. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that AHI1 may be an important mediator of lithium treatment response. Our study aimed to investigate whether the AHI1 haplotypes and expression associates with lithium treatment response in BD patients. We also examined whether AHI1 expression and lithium treatment correlate with innate inflammatory response genes. RESULTS We genotyped seven AHI1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 97 euthymic BD patients and found that TG haplotype (rs7739635, rs9494332) was significantly associated with lithium response. We also showed significantly increased AHI1 expression in the blood of lithium responders compared to non-responders and BD patients compared to healthy controls (HC). We analyzed the expression of genes involved in the innate immune response and inflammatory response regulation (TLR4, CASP4, CASP5, NLRP3, IL1A, IL1B, IL6, IL10, IL18) in 21 lithium-treated BD patients, 20 BD patients treated with other mood stabilizer and 19 HC. We found significantly altered expression between BD patients and HC, but not between BD patients treated with different mood stabilizers. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests the involvement of AHI1 in the lithium mode of action. Moreover, mood-stabilizing treatment associated with the innate immunity-related gene expression in BD patients and only the lithium-treated BD patients showed significantly elevated expression of anti-inflammatory IL10, suggesting lithium's immunomodulatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosma Sakrajda
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Karolina Bilska
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr M Czerski
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Narożna
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Barbara Więckowska
- Department of Computer Sciences and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Janusz K Rybakowski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Pawlak
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Bhat K, Schlotterose L, Hanke L, Helmholz H, Quandt E, Hattermann K, Willumeit-Römer R. Magnesium-lithium thin films for neurological applications-An in vitro investigation of glial cytocompatibility and neuroinflammatory response. Acta Biomater 2024; 178:307-319. [PMID: 38382831 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Lithium (Li), a widely used drug for bipolar disorder management, is associated with many side effects due to systemic exposure. The localized delivery of lithium through implants could be an approach to overcome this challenge, for which biodegradable magnesium (Mg)-based materials are a promising choice. In this study, we focus on Mg-Li thin film alloys as potential Li-releasing implants. Therefore, we investigated the in vitro short-term corrosion behavior and cytocompatibility of two alloys, Mg-1.6wt%Li and Mg-9.5wt%Li. As glial cells are the key players of foreign body responses to implants, we used human glial cell lines for cytocompatibility studies, and a murine brain slice model for a more holistic view at the neuroinflammatory response. We found that Mg-1.6wt%Li corrodes approximately six times slower than Mg-9.5wt%Li. Microscopic analysis showed that the material surface (Mg-1.6wt%Li) is suitable for cell adhesion. The cytocompatibility test with Mg-1.6wt%Li and Mg-9.5wt%Li alloy extracts revealed that both cell types proliferated well up to 10 mM Mg concentration, irrespective of the Li concentration. In the murine brain slice model, Mg-1.6wt%Li and Mg-9.5wt%Li alloy extracts did not provoke a significant upregulation of glial inflammatory/ reactivity markers (IL-1β, IL-6, FN1, TNC) after 24 h of exposure. Furthermore, the gene expression of IL-1β (up to 3-fold) and IL-6 (up to 16-fold) were significantly downregulated after 96 h, and IL-6 downregulation showed a Li concentration dependency. Together, these results indicate the acute cytocompatibility of two Mg-Li thin film alloys and provide basis for future studies to explore promising applications of the material. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We propose the idea of lithium delivery to the brain via biodegradable implants to reduce systemic side effects of lithium for bipolar disorder therapy and other neurological applications. This is the first in vitro study investigating Mg-xLi thin film degradation under physiological conditions and its influence on cellular responses such as proliferation, viability, morphology and inflammation. Utilizing human brain-derived cell lines, we showed that the material surface of such a thin film alloy is suitable for normal cell attachment. Using murine brain slices, which comprise a multicellular network, we demonstrated that the material extracts did not elicit a pro-inflammatory response. These results substantiate that degradable Mg-Li materials are biocompatible and support the further investigation of their potential as neurological implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krathika Bhat
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
| | - Luise Schlotterose
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lisa Hanke
- Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Heike Helmholz
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Eckhard Quandt
- Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kirsten Hattermann
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Regine Willumeit-Römer
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
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Gao K, Ayati M, Kaye NM, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Christian E, Lazarus HM, Kaplan D. Possible Role of Correlation Coefficients and Network Analysis of Multiple Intracellular Proteins in Blood Cells of Patients with Bipolar Disorder in Studying the Mechanism of Lithium Responsiveness: A Proof-Concept Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1491. [PMID: 38592374 PMCID: PMC10935410 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness in bipolar disorder (BD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of correlation coefficients and protein-to-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses of intracellular proteins in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes of patients with BD in studying the potential mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness. Methods: Patients with bipolar I or II disorder who were diagnosed with the MINI for DSM-5 and at any phase of the illness with at least mild symptom severity and received lithium (serum level ≥ 0.6 mEq/L) for 16 weeks were divided into two groups, responders (≥50% improvement in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and/or Young Mania Rating Scale scores from baseline) and non-responders. Twenty-eight intracellular proteins/analytes in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes were analyzed with a tyramine-based signal-amplified flow cytometry procedure. Correlation coefficients between analytes at baseline were estimated in both responders and non-responders and before and after lithium treatment in responders. PPI network, subnetwork, and pathway analyses were generated based on fold change/difference in studied proteins/analytes between responders and non-responders. Results: Of the 28 analytes from 12 lithium-responders and 11 lithium-non-responders, there were more significant correlations between analytes in responders than in non-responders at baseline. Of the nine lithium responders with pre- and post-lithium blood samples available, the correlations between most analytes were weakened after lithium treatment with cell-type specific patterns in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes. PPI network/subnetwork and pathway analyses showed that lithium response was involved in four pathways, including prolactin, leptin, neurotrophin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor pathways. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit genes were found in all four pathways. Conclusions: Using correlation coefficients, PPI network/subnetwork, and pathway analysis with multiple intracellular proteins appears to be a workable concept for studying the mechanism of lithium responsiveness in BD. Larger sample size studies are necessary to determine its utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 10524 Euclid Avenue, 12th Floor, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Marzieh Ayati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Nicholas M. Kaye
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Mehmet Koyuturk
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Wester Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Joseph R. Calabrese
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 10524 Euclid Avenue, 12th Floor, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Eric Christian
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Hillard M. Lazarus
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David Kaplan
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
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Uzzan S, Rostevanov IS, Rubin E, Benguigui O, Marazka S, Kaplanski J, Agbaria R, Azab AN. Chronic Treatment with Nigella sativa Oil Exerts Antimanic Properties and Reduces Brain Inflammation in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1823. [PMID: 38339101 PMCID: PMC10855852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nigella sativa (NS) is a native herb consumed habitually in several countries worldwide, possessing manifold therapeutic properties. Among them, anti-inflammatory features have been reported, presumably relating to mechanisms involved in the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, among others. Given the observed association between neuroimmune factors and mental illness, the primary aim of the present study was to examine the effects of chronic NS use on manic-like behavior in rats, as well as analyze levels of brain inflammatory mediators following NS intake. Using male and female rats, baseline tests were performed; thereafter, rats were fed either regular food (control) or NS-containing food (treatment) for four weeks. Following intervention, behavioral tests were induced (an open field test, sucrose consumption test, three-chamber sociality test, and amphetamine-induced hyperactivity test). Subsequently, brain samples were extracted, and inflammatory mediators were evaluated, including interleukin-6, leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nuclear phosphorylated-p65. Our findings show NS to result in a marked antimanic-like effect, in tandem with a positive modulation of select inflammatory mediators among male and female rats. The findings reinforce the proposed therapeutic advantages relating to NS ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Uzzan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Ira-Sivan Rostevanov
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Elina Rubin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Olivia Benguigui
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W1S4, Canada
| | - Said Marazka
- Department of Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Jacob Kaplanski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Riad Agbaria
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
| | - Abed N. Azab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel (R.A.)
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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10
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Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Rybakowski J, Szczepankiewicz A, Kapelski P, Lesicka M, Jabłońska E, Reszka E, Pawlak J. Identification of shared disease marker genes and underlying mechanisms between major depression and rheumatoid arthritis. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:22-29. [PMID: 37871462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Both depression and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a very high comorbidity rate. A bilateral association is estimated to increase the mutual risk and the common denominator is inflammation being observed in both diseases. Previous studies have mainly focused on assessing peripheral blood's inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. We aimed to extend insights into the molecular mechanisms of depression based on hub RA genes. To do so, we prioritized RA-related genes using in-silico tools. We then investigated whether RA-related genes undergo altered expression in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression without a concurrent RA diagnosis and any exponents of active inflammation. In addition, we selected a homogeneous group of patients treated with lithium (Li), which has immunomodulatory properties. The study was performed on patients with bipolar depression (BD, n = 45; Li, n = 20), unipolar depression (UD, n = 27), and healthy controls (HC, n = 22) of both sexes. To identify DEGs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we used the SurePrint G3 Microarray and GeneSpring software. We selected a list of 180 hub genes whose altered expression we analyzed using the expression microarray results. In the entire study group, we identified altered expression of 93 of the 180 genes, including 35 down-regulated (OPRM1 gene with highest FC > 3) and 58 up-regulated (TLR4 gene with highest FC > 3). In UD patients, we observed maximally up-regulated expression of the TEK gene (FC > 3), and in BD of the CXCL8 gene (FC > 5). On the other hand, in lithium-treated patients, the gene with the most reduced expression was the TRPV1 gene. The study proved that depression and RA are produced by a partially shared "inflammatory interactome" in which the opioid and angiogenesis pathways are important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janusz Rybakowski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Paweł Kapelski
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
| | - Monika Lesicka
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Edyta Reszka
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Pawlak
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
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11
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Herrera-Rivero M, Gutiérrez-Fragoso K, Thalamuthu A, Amare AT, Adli M, Akiyama K, Akula N, Ardau R, Arias B, Aubry JM, Backlund L, Bellivier F, Benabarre A, Bengesser S, Abesh B, Biernacka J, Birner A, Cearns M, Cervantes P, Chen HC, Chillotti C, Cichon S, Clark S, Colom F, Cruceanu C, Czerski P, Dalkner N, Degenhardt F, Del Zompo M, DePaulo JR, Etain B, Falkai P, Ferensztajn-Rochowiak E, Forstner AJ, Frank J, Frisen L, Frye M, Fullerton J, Gallo C, Gard S, Garnham J, Goes F, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, Grof P, Hashimoto R, Hasler R, Hauser J, Heilbronner U, Herms S, Hoffmann P, Hou L, Hsu Y, Jamain S, Jiménez E, Kahn JP, Kassem L, Kato T, Kelsoe J, Kittel-Schneider S, Kuo PH, Kurtz J, Kusumi I, König B, Laje G, Landén M, Lavebratt C, Leboyer M, Leckband S, Maj M, Manchia M, Marie-Claire C, Martinsson L, McCarthy M, McElroy SL, Millischer V, Mitjans M, Mondimore F, Monteleone P, Nievergelt C, Novak T, Nöthen M, Odonovan C, Ozaki N, Papiol S, Pfennig A, Pisanu C, Potash J, Reif A, Reininghaus E, Richard-Lepouriel H, Roberts G, Rouleau G, Rybakowski JK, Schalling M, Schofield P, Schubert KO, Schulte E, Schweizer B, Severino G, Shekhtman T, Shilling P, Shimoda K, Simhandl C, Slaney C, Squassina A, Stamm T, Stopkova P, Streit F, Ayele F, Tortorella A, Turecki G, Veeh J, Vieta E, Viswanath B, Witt S, Zandi P, Alda M, Bauer M, McMahon F, Mitchell P, Rietschel M, Schulze T, Baune B. Immunogenetics of lithium response and psychiatric phenotypes in patients with bipolar disorder. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3068352. [PMID: 37461719 PMCID: PMC10350128 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3068352/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The link between bipolar disorder (BP) and immune dysfunction remains controversial. While epidemiological studies have long suggested an association, recent research has found only limited evidence of such a relationship. To clarify this, we investigated the contributions of immune-relevant genetic factors to the response to lithium (Li) treatment and the clinical presentation of BP. First, we assessed the association of a large collection of immune-related genes (4,925) with Li response, defined by the Retrospective Assessment of the Lithium Response Phenotype Scale (Alda scale), and clinical characteristics in patients with BP from the International Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLi+Gen, N = 2,374). Second, we calculated here previously published polygenic scores (PGSs) for immune-related traits and evaluated their associations with Li response and clinical features. We found several genes associated with Li response at p < 1×10- 4 values, including HAS3, CNTNAP5 and NFIB. Network and functional enrichment analyses uncovered an overrepresentation of pathways involved in cell adhesion and intercellular communication, which appear to converge on the well-known Li-induced inhibition of GSK-3β. We also found various genes associated with BP's age-at-onset, number of mood episodes, and presence of psychosis, substance abuse and/or suicidal ideation at the exploratory threshold. These included RTN4, XKR4, NRXN1, NRG1/3 and GRK5. Additionally, PGS analyses suggested serum FAS, ECP, TRANCE and cytokine ligands, amongst others, might represent potential circulating biomarkers of Li response and clinical presentation. Taken together, our results support the notion of a relatively weak association between immunity and clinically relevant features of BP at the genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kazufumi Akiyama
- Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Dokkyo Medical University
| | - Nirmala Akula
- National Institutes of Health, US Dept of Health & Human Services
| | | | - Bárbara Arias
- Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Urs Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich
| | | | | | - Liping Hou
- National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | | | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marina Mitjans
- Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Tomas Novak
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Stamm
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte
| | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo Turecki
- Douglas Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University
| | | | | | - Biju Viswanath
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Francis McMahon
- National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program; National Institutes of Health
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12
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Stachowicz K. Regulation of COX-2 expression by selected trace elements and heavy metals: Health implications, and changes in neuronal plasticity. A review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127226. [PMID: 37257334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements or trace metals are essential components of enzymes, proteins, hormones and play a key role in biochemical processes, cell growth and differentiation, as well as in neurotransmission, affecting human physiology. In nature there are also heavy metals that exhibit toxic effects on the human body, including the brain. The importance of trace elements has been established in neurodegenerative disorders, schizophrenia, depression among others. In parallel, an important regulatory element in the above diseases is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a modulator of the arachidonic acid (AA) pathway, and a cause of neuroinflammation, and glutamate (Glu) dysregulation, affecting calcium (Ca) metabolism in cells. This review presents the effects of major trace elements and heavy metals on COX-2 expression. Calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) can potentially increase COX-2 expression, inducing neuroinflammation and Glu excitotoxicity; while magnesium (Mg), lithium (Li), and selenium (Se) can potentially decrease COX-2 expression. The associated mechanisms are described in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stachowicz
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
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13
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Johnson DE, McIntyre RS, Mansur RB, Rosenblat JD. An update on potential pharmacotherapies for cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:641-654. [PMID: 36946229 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2194488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive impairment is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that impedes recovery by preventing the return to optimal socio-occupational functioning and reducing quality of life. Presently, there are no efficacious treatments for cognitive impairment in BD, but many pharmacological interventions are being considered as they have the potential to target the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the available evidence for pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder. We searched PubMed, MedLine, and PsycInfo from inception to December 1st, 2022. Traditional treatments, such as lithium, anticonvulsants (lamotrigine), antipsychotics (aripiprazole, asenapine, cariprazine, lurasidone, and olanzapine), antidepressants (vortioxetine, fluoxetine, and tianeptine) and psychostimulants (modafinil), and emerging interventions, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (galantamine and donepezil), dopamine agonists (pramipexole), erythropoietin, glucocorticoid receptor antagonists (mifepristone), immune modulators (infliximab, minocycline and doxycycline), ketamine, metabolic agents (insulin, metformin, and liraglutide), probiotic supplements, and Withania somnifera are discussed. EXPERT OPINION The investigation of interventions for cognitive impairment in BD is a relatively under-researched area. In the past, methodological pitfalls in BD cognition trials have also been a critical limiting factor. Expanding on the existing literature and identifying novel pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for cognitive impairment in BD should be a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica E Johnson
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Joshua D Rosenblat
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
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14
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Haller OJ, Semendric I, George RP, Collins-Praino LE, Whittaker AL. The effectiveness of anti-inflammatory agents in reducing chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment in preclinical models - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105120. [PMID: 36906244 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is a debilitating condition resulting from chemotherapy administration for cancer treatment. CICI is characterised by various cognitive impairments, including issues with learning, memory, and concentration, impacting quality of life. Several neural mechanisms are proposed to drive CICI, including inflammation, therefore, anti-inflammatory agents could ameliorate such impairments. Research is still in the preclinical stage; however, the efficacy of anti-inflammatories to reduce CICI in animal models is unknown. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted, with searches performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PsycInfo and Cochrane Library. A total of 64 studies were included, and of the 50 agents identified, 41 (82%) reduced CICI. Interestingly, while non-traditional anti-inflammatory agents and natural compounds reduced impairment, the traditional agents were unsuccessful. Such results must be taken with caution due to the heterogeneity observed in terms of methods employed. Nevertheless, preliminary evidence suggests anti-inflammatory agents could be beneficial for treating CICI, although it may be critical to think beyond the use of traditional anti-inflammatories when considering which specific compounds to prioritise in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Haller
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
| | - Ines Semendric
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Rebecca P George
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia
| | | | - Alexandra L Whittaker
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia.
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15
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Cure of Alzheimer's Dementia Requires Addressing All of the Affected Brain Cell Types. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052049. [PMID: 36902833 PMCID: PMC10004473 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple genetic, metabolic, and environmental abnormalities are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). If all of those abnormalities were addressed it should be possible to reverse the dementia; however, that would require a suffocating volume of drugs. Nevertheless, the problem may be simplified by using available data to address, instead, the brain cells whose functions become changed as a result of the abnormalities, because at least eleven drugs are available from which to formulate a rational therapy to correct those changes. The affected brain cell types are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, endothelial cells/pericytes, and microglia. The available drugs include clemastine, dantrolene, erythropoietin, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, minocycline, pioglitazone, piracetam, and riluzole. This article describes the ways by which the individual cell types contribute to AD's pathogenesis and how each of the drugs corrects the changes in the cell types. All five of the cell types may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD; of the 11 drugs, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, and pioglitazone, each address all five of the cell types. Fingolimod only slightly addresses endothelial cells, and memantine is the weakest of the remaining four. Low doses of either two or three drugs are suggested in order to minimize the likelihood of toxicity and drug-drug interactions (including drugs used for co-morbidities). Suggested two-drug combinations are pioglitazone plus lithium and pioglitazone plus fluoxetine; a three-drug combination could add either clemastine or memantine. Clinical trials are required to validate that the suggest combinations may reverse AD.
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16
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Knight EL, Engeland CG, Yocum AK, Abu-Mohammad A, Bertram H, Vest E, McInnis MG, Saunders EF. Heightened inflammation in bipolar disorder occurs independent of symptom severity and is explained by body mass index. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 29:100613. [PMID: 37025250 PMCID: PMC10070374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is hypothesized to be a key component of bipolar disorder (BP) development and progression. However, findings linking BP prevalence and symptomology to immune functioning have been mixed, with some work suggesting that obesity may play an important role in BP-relevant inflammation. Here we investigate differences in biomarkers of inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10] between healthy controls (HC) and individuals with BP or other mental illness (MI). Adults with BP, MI, or HC (n = 545, 70% BP, 21% HC, 9% MI) self-reported depressive and manic symptoms close to a blood draw and physical exam that included measurement of height and weight. A composite score was calculated from the four cytokines measured in plasma; follow-up analyses explored a pro-inflammatory composite and IL-10, individually. BP individuals had elevated cytokine concentrations compared to HC (B = 0.197, [0.062, 0.333], t (542) = 2.855, p = .004); this difference was also evident for the pro-inflammatory composite and for IL-10. Cytokine concentrations were not associated with BP mood states. Body mass index (BMI), an indicator of obesity, was significantly higher in BP compared to HC (B = 3.780, [2.118, 5.443], t (479) = 4.457, p < .001) and differences in cytokines between the two groups was no longer significant after controlling for BMI. No differences in CRP were evident between BP and HC. These results suggest that cytokine concentrations are elevated in BP and this difference from HC is associated with obesity. Interventions targeting immune modulators in BP must carefully consider the complex relationships within the BP-inflammation-obesity triangle.
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17
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Mood and behavior regulation: interaction of lithium and dopaminergic system. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02437-1. [PMID: 36843130 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Lithium is one of the most effect mood-stabilizing drugs prescribed especially for bipolar disorder. Lithium has wide range effects on different molecular factors and neural transmission including dopaminergic signaling. On the other hand, mesolimbic and mesocortical dopaminergic signaling is significantly involved in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. This review article aims to study lithium therapeutic mechanisms, dopaminergic signaling, and the interaction of lithium and dopamine. We concluded that acute and chronic lithium treatments often reduce dopamine synthesis and level in the brain. However, some studies have reported conflicting results following lithium treatment, especially chronic treatment. The dosage, duration, and type of lithium administration, and the brain region selected for measuring dopamine level were not significant differences in different chronic treatments used in previous studies. It was suggested that lithium has various mechanisms affecting dopaminergic signaling and mood, and that many molecular factors can be involved, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), β-catenin, protein kinase B (Akt), and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β). Thus, molecular effects of lithium can be the most important mechanisms of lithium that also alter neural transmissions including dopaminergic signaling in mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways.
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18
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Fessel J. Supplementary Pharmacotherapy for the Behavioral Abnormalities Caused by Stressors in Humans, Focused on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041680. [PMID: 36836215 PMCID: PMC9967886 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Used as a supplement to psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy that addresses all of the known metabolic and genetic contributions to the pathogenesis of psychiatric conditions caused by stressors would require an inordinate number of drugs. Far simpler is to address the abnormalities caused by those metabolic and genetic changes in the cell types of the brain that mediate the behavioral abnormality. Relevant data regarding the changed brain cell types are described in this article and are derived from subjects with the paradigmatic behavioral abnormality of PTSD and from subjects with traumatic brain injury or chronic traumatic encephalopathy. If this analysis is correct, then therapy is required that benefits all of the affected brain cell types; those are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, synapses and neurons, endothelial cells, and microglia (the pro-inflammatory (M1) subtype requires switching to the anti-inflammatory (M2) subtype). Combinations are advocated using several drugs, erythropoietin, fluoxetine, lithium, and pioglitazone, that benefit all of the five cell types, and that should be used to form a two-drug combination, suggested as pioglitazone with either fluoxetine or lithium. Clemastine, fingolimod, and memantine benefit four of the cell types, and one chosen from those could be added to the two-drug combination to form a three-drug combination. Using low doses of chosen drugs will limit both toxicity and drug-drug interactions. A clinical trial is required to validate both the advocated concept and the choice of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fessel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 2069 Filbert Street, San Francisco, CA 94123, USA
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19
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Lithium: A Promising Anticancer Agent. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020537. [PMID: 36836894 PMCID: PMC9966411 DOI: 10.3390/life13020537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium is a therapeutic cation used to treat bipolar disorders but also has some important features as an anti-cancer agent. In this review, we provide a general overview of lithium, from its transport into cells, to its innovative administration forms, and based on genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data. Lithium formulations such as lithium acetoacetate (LiAcAc), lithium chloride (LiCl), lithium citrate (Li3C6H5O7), and lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) induce apoptosis, autophagy, and inhibition of tumor growth and also participate in the regulation of tumor proliferation, tumor invasion, and metastasis and cell cycle arrest. Moreover, lithium is synergistic with standard cancer therapies, enhancing their anti-tumor effects. In addition, lithium has a neuroprotective role in cancer patients, by improving their quality of life. Interestingly, nano-sized lithium enhances its anti-tumor activities and protects vital organs from the damage caused by lipid peroxidation during tumor development. However, these potential therapeutic activities of lithium depend on various factors, such as the nature and aggressiveness of the tumor, the type of lithium salt, and its form of administration and dosage. Since lithium has been used to treat bipolar disorder, the current study provides an overview of its role in medicine and how this has changed. This review also highlights the importance of this repurposed drug, which appears to have therapeutic cancer potential, and underlines its molecular mechanisms.
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20
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Ghanaatfar F, Ghanaatfar A, Isapour P, Farokhi N, Bozorgniahosseini S, Javadi M, Gholami M, Ulloa L, Coleman-Fuller N, Motaghinejad M. Is lithium neuroprotective? An updated mechanistic illustrated review. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:4-30. [PMID: 35996185 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a pathological process characterized by progressive neuronal impairment, dysfunction, and loss due to mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Many studies have shown that lithium protects against neurodegeneration. Herein, we summarize recent clinical and laboratory studies on the neuroprotective effects of lithium against neurodegeneration and its potential to modulate mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Recent findings indicate that lithium regulates critical intracellular pathways such as phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI3)/protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3β) and PI3/Akt/response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We queried PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Elsevier, and other related databases using search terms related to lithium and its neuroprotective effect in various neurodegenerative diseases and events from January 2000 to May 2022. We reviewed the major findings and mechanisms proposed for the effects of lithium. Lithium's neuroprotective potential against neural cell degeneration is mediated by inducing anti-inflammatory factors, antioxidant enzymes, and free radical scavengers to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction. Lithium effects are regulated by two essential pathways: PI3/Akt/GSK3β and PI3/Akt/CREB/BDNF. Lithium acts as a neuroprotective agent against neurodegeneration by preventing inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction using PI3/Akt/GSK3β and PI3/Akt/CREB/BDNF signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Ghanaatfar
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanaatfar
- Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Parisa Isapour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Negin Farokhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IUAPS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahshid Javadi
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Gholami
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luis Ulloa
- Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Natalie Coleman-Fuller
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Gao K, Kaye NM, Ayati M, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Christian E, Lazarus HM, Kaplan D. Divergent Directionality of Immune Cell-Specific Protein Expression between Bipolar Lithium Responders and Non-Responders Revealed by Enhanced Flow Cytometry. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59010120. [PMID: 36676744 PMCID: PMC9860624 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: There is no biomarker to predict lithium response. This study used CellPrint™ enhanced flow cytometry to study 28 proteins representing a spectrum of cellular pathways in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes before and after lithium treatment in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Materials and Methods: Symptomatic patients with BD type I or II received lithium (serum level ≥ 0.6 mEq/L) for 16 weeks. Patients were assessed with standard rating scales and divided into two groups, responders (≥50% improvement from baseline) and non-responders. Twenty-eight intracellular proteins in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes were analyzed with CellPrint™, an enhanced flow cytometry procedure. Data were analyzed for differences in protein expression levels. Results: The intent-to-treat sample included 13 lithium-responders (12 blood samples before treatment and 9 after treatment) and 11 lithium-non-responders (11 blood samples before treatment and 4 after treatment). No significant differences in expression between the groups was observed prior to lithium treatment. After treatment, the majority of analytes increased expression in responders and decreased expression in non-responders. Significant increases were seen for PDEB4 and NR3C1 in responders. A significant decrease was seen for NR3C1 in non-responders. Conclusions: Lithium induced divergent directionality of protein expression depending on the whether the patient was a responder or non-responder, elucidating molecular characteristics of lithium responsiveness. A subsequent study with a larger sample size is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-844-2400; Fax: +1-214-844-2877
| | | | - Marzieh Ayati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Mehmet Koyuturk
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Joseph R. Calabrese
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Hillard M. Lazarus
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David Kaplan
- CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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22
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Fessel J. Formulating treatment of major psychiatric disorders: algorithm targets the dominantly affected brain cell-types. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 3:3. [PMID: 37861813 PMCID: PMC10501034 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-022-00029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacotherapy for most psychiatric conditions was developed from serendipitous observations of benefit from drugs prescribed for different reasons. An algorithmic approach to formulating pharmacotherapy is proposed, based upon which combination of changed activities by brain cell-types is dominant for any particular condition, because those cell-types contain and surrogate for genetic, metabolic and environmental information, that has affected their function. The algorithm performs because functions of some or all the affected cell-types benefit from several available drugs: clemastine, dantrolene, erythropoietin, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, minocycline, pioglitazone, piracetam, and riluzole PROCEDURES/FINDINGS: Bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and post-traumatic stress disorder, illustrate the algorithm; for them, literature reviews show that no single combination of altered cell-types accounts for all cases; but they identify, for each condition, which combination occurs most frequently, i.e., dominates, as compared with other possible combinations. Knowing the dominant combination of altered cell-types in a particular condition, permits formulation of therapy with combinations of drugs taken from the above list. The percentage of patients who might benefit from that therapy, depends upon the frequency with which the dominant combination occurs in patients with that particular condition. CONCLUSIONS Knowing the dominant combination of changed cell types in psychiatric conditions, permits an algorithmically formulated, rationally-based treatment. Different studies of the same condition often produce discrepant results; all might be correct, because identical clinical phenotypes result from different combinations of impaired cell-types, thus producing different results. Clinical trials would validate both the proposed concept and choice of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fessel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 2069 Filbert Street, San Francisco, CA, 94123, USA.
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23
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Huang MH, Chan YLE, Chen MH, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Li CT, Tsai SJ, Su TP, Bai YM. A longitudinal study of the association between pro-inflammatory cytokines and mood symptoms in bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 147:81-91. [PMID: 36217267 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of a relative dearth of longitudinal studies, the directionality of the relationship between mood and inflammation among patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of pro-inflammatory markers with mood symptom severity in BD. METHODS Hundred and thirty-two adult patients with BD were enrolled. At the baseline and 1-year follow-up visit, all participants received mood assessment with Montgomery Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) and Young mania rating scale, and underwent blood draws to quantify metabolic profile and serum levels of the pro-inflammatory markers, including soluble interleukin-6 receptor, soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor type 1 (sTNF-αR1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and C-reactive protein. A four-factor model of MADRS, consisting of sadness, negative thoughts, detachment, and neurovegetative symptoms, were applied. RESULTS At baseline, 65 patients with BD were in depressed state, and 67 patients with BD were in euthymic state. Among patients in depressed state, baseline MADRS total score positively correlated with sTNF-αR1 level at follow-up. While baseline sTNF-αR1 level positively predicted sadness symptom in euthymic patients with BD who later developed depression (n = 22), sadness in patients with bipolar depression predicted later increase in serum sTNF-αR1 level even after remission (n = 17). Moreover, lithium had a stronger effect of lowering peripheral sTNF-αR1 level as compared with other mood stabilizers. CONCLUSION Our results indicate the bidirectional inflammation-depression relationship in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuanshan and Suao Branch, Ilan, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Lam E Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, General Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Wei Hsu
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lin Huang
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, General Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Hamstra SI, Roy BD, Tiidus P, MacNeil AJ, Klentrou P, MacPherson RE, Fajardo VA. Beyond its Psychiatric Use: The Benefits of Low-dose Lithium Supplementation. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:891-910. [PMID: 35236261 PMCID: PMC10227915 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220302151224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium is most well-known for its mood-stabilizing effects in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Due to its narrow therapeutic window (0.5-1.2 mM serum concentration), there is a stigma associated with lithium treatment and the adverse effects that can occur at therapeutic doses. However, several studies have indicated that doses of lithium under the predetermined therapeutic dose used in bipolar disorder treatment may have beneficial effects not only in the brain but across the body. Currently, literature shows that low-dose lithium (≤0.5 mM) may be beneficial for cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, metabolic, and cognitive function, as well as inflammatory and antioxidant processes of the aging body. There is also some evidence of low-dose lithium exerting a similar and sometimes synergistic effect on these systems. This review summarizes these findings with a focus on low-dose lithium's potential benefits on the aging process and age-related diseases of these systems, such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, obesity and type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and the chronic low-grade inflammatory state known as inflammaging. Although lithium's actions have been widely studied in the brain, the study of the potential benefits of lithium, particularly at a low dose, is still relatively novel. Therefore, this review aims to provide possible mechanistic insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie I. Hamstra
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian D. Roy
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Tiidus
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam J. MacNeil
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca E.K. MacPherson
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Centre for Neurosciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Val A. Fajardo
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Neurosciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Valiati FE, Feiten JG, Géa LP, Silveira ÉDM, Scotton E, Caldieraro MA, Salum GA, Kauer-Sant’Anna M. Inflammation and damage-associated molecular patterns in major psychiatric disorders. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022; 45:e20220576. [PMID: 36527709 PMCID: PMC10640887 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that inflammation plays an important role as a mechanism underlying mental disorders. However, most of the research on inflammatory mechanisms focuses on serum levels of interleukins and very few studies have investigated molecules that initiate and expand innate immune pathways such as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). OBJECTIVES This study investigated the levels of DAMPs among patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) I and II, schizophrenia (SCZ), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). We quantified serum levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) 70 and 60 and of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B). METHODS Serum levels of HSP70, HSP60, and S100B were assessed in a sample of participants with psychiatric disorders (n = 191) and a control group (CT) (n = 59) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Serum HSP70 concentrations were significantly higher in the MDD group compared to the CT, SCZ, and BD groups. The GAD group had higher concentrations of HSP70 than the SCZ group. Exploring associations with medications, lithium (p = 0.003) and clozapine (p = 0.028) were associated with lower HSP70 levels. Approximately 64% of the sample had DAMPs levels below the limits of detection indicated by the respective ELISA kit. CONCLUSION This was the first study to assess DAMPs levels in a transdiagnostic sample. Our preliminary findings suggest that HSP70 may be associated with MDD pathophysiology. Medications such as lithium and clozapine were associated with lower HSP70 levels in BD and SCZ groups, respectively. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that all participants were medicated and many psychotropic drugs exert an anti-inflammatory effect, possibly reducing the signs of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Endler Valiati
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria MolecularCentro de Pesquisa ClínicaHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de BioquímicaInstituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jacson Gabriel Feiten
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria MolecularCentro de Pesquisa ClínicaHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de PsiquiatriaFaculdade de MedicinaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luiza Paul Géa
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria MolecularCentro de Pesquisa ClínicaHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Érico de Moura Silveira
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria MolecularCentro de Pesquisa ClínicaHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ellen Scotton
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria MolecularCentro de Pesquisa ClínicaHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e TerapêuticaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Marco Antonio Caldieraro
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria MolecularCentro de Pesquisa ClínicaHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de PsiquiatriaFaculdade de MedicinaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Departamento de PsiquiatriaFaculdade de MedicinaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Kauer-Sant’Anna
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria MolecularCentro de Pesquisa ClínicaHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRSBrazil Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de BioquímicaInstituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de PsiquiatriaFaculdade de MedicinaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em MedicinaPorto AlegreRSBrazil Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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26
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Runyan M, Fawver J, Coupe A, Drouin M. New-onset psychosis following COVID-19 infection in a patient with no psychiatric history: A longitudinal case report. PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH CASE REPORTS 2022; 1:100035. [PMCID: PMC9287465 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycr.2022.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background Viral infection, including COVID-19, has been implicated as a potential cause of various neurobehavioral issues. An increasing number of case reports suggest that current or recent COVID-19 infection may cause new onset of psychotic symptoms in some individuals, potentially related to viral inflammation or infection of the nervous system. Case presentation A 26-year-old woman with no psychiatric history presented with severe psychotic symptoms days after recovery from a mild COVID-19 infection. No other etiologies for psychosis were identified via diagnostic testing, review of medical history, or interviews with family. Her symptoms persisted for approximately two months, requiring three inpatient admissions, various medication trials, and ongoing outpatient follow-up. With continued use of quetiapine and lithium, she returned to living independently and working full-time, and discontinued all medication approximately nine months after symptom onset. Conclusion The psychiatric and cognitive effects of COVID-19 infection are not yet fully understood. Given the widespread and ongoing nature of this pandemic, this remains an important focus of further investigation, especially within the context of potential long-term complications.
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27
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Calcium complexes of oxicams: new dimensions in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1771-1788. [PMID: 36519430 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Various metals have been complexed with drugs to improve their cellular impact. Inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are characterized by unbalanced production of proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) and prostaglandins with decreased levels of vitamin D and calcium. The inflammation can be suppressed through targeting the formation of PICs or related enzymes by various treatment strategies that involve the use of corticosteroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and NSAIDs. We present a detailed review on the impact of calcium complexes of oxicams as an advanced treatment strategy for RA. The calcium complexes demonstrate promising capabilities to cure the disease, improve the strength of bones and suppress PICs in RA.
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28
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Chatterjee D, Beaulieu JM. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 by lithium, a mechanism in search of specificity. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1028963. [PMID: 36504683 PMCID: PMC9731798 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1028963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a popular explanation for the effects of lithium ions on mood regulation in bipolar disorder and other mental illnesses, including major depression, cyclothymia, and schizophrenia. Contribution of GSK3 is supported by evidence obtained from animal and patient derived model systems. However, the two GSK3 enzymes, GSK3α and GSK3β, have more than 100 validated substrates. They are thus central hubs for major biological functions, such as dopamine-glutamate neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity (Hebbian and homeostatic), inflammation, circadian regulation, protein synthesis, metabolism, inflammation, and mitochondrial functions. The intricate contributions of GSK3 to several biological processes make it difficult to identify specific mechanisms of mood stabilization for therapeutic development. Identification of GSK3 substrates involved in lithium therapeutic action is thus critical. We provide an overview of GSK3 biological functions and substrates for which there is evidence for a contribution to lithium effects. A particular focus is given to four of these: the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), the RNA-binding protein FXR1, kinesin subunits, and the cytoskeletal regulator CRMP2. An overview of how co-regulation of these substrates may result in shared outcomes is also presented. Better understanding of how inhibition of GSK3 contributes to the therapeutic effects of lithium should allow for identification of more specific targets for future drug development. It may also provide a framework for the understanding of how lithium effects overlap with those of other drugs such as ketamine and antipsychotics, which also inhibit brain GSK3.
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29
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Cattane N, Courtin C, Mombelli E, Maj C, Mora C, Etain B, Bellivier F, Marie-Claire C, Cattaneo A. Transcriptomics and miRNomics data integration in lymphoblastoid cells highlights the key role of immune-related functions in lithium treatment response in Bipolar disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:665. [PMID: 36303132 PMCID: PMC9615157 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a complex mental disease characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression. Lithium (Li) represents the mainstay of BD pharmacotherapy, despite the narrow therapeutic index and the high variability in treatment response. However, although several studies have been conducted, the molecular mechanisms underlying Li therapeutic effects remain unclear. METHODS In order to identify molecular signatures and biological pathways associated with Li treatment response, we conducted transcriptome and miRNome microarray analyses on lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from 20 patients diagnosed with BD classified as Li responders (n = 11) or non-responders (n = 9). RESULTS We found 335 mRNAs and 77 microRNAs (miRNAs) significantly modulated in BD responders versus non-responders. Interestingly, pathway and network analyses on these differentially expressed molecules suggested a modulatory effect of Li on several immune-related functions. Indeed, among the functional molecular nodes, we found NF-κB and TNF. Moreover, networks related to these molecules resulted overall inhibited in BD responder patients, suggesting anti-inflammatory properties of Li. From the integrative analysis between transcriptomics and miRNomics data carried out using miRComb R package on the same samples from patients diagnosed with BD, we found 97 significantly and negatively correlated mRNA-miRNA pairs, mainly involved in inflammatory/immune response. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight that Li exerts modulatory effects on immune-related functions and that epigenetic mechanisms, especially miRNAs, can influence the modulation of different genes and pathways involved in Li response. Moreover, our data suggest the potentiality to integrate data coming from different high-throughput approaches as a tool to prioritize genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Cattane
- grid.419422.8Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cindie Courtin
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neurospsychopharmacologie, OTeN, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Mombelli
- grid.419422.8Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carlo Maj
- grid.411097.a0000 0000 8852 305XInstitute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristina Mora
- grid.419422.8Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Bruno Etain
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neurospsychopharmacologie, OTeN, F-75006 Paris, France ,Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Hôpitaux Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, GHU APHP Nord_Université Paris Cité, F-75010 Paris, France ,grid.484137.d0000 0005 0389 9389Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neurospsychopharmacologie, OTeN, F-75006 Paris, France ,Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Hôpitaux Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, GHU APHP Nord_Université Paris Cité, F-75010 Paris, France ,grid.484137.d0000 0005 0389 9389Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Cynthia Marie-Claire
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neurospsychopharmacologie, OTeN, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy. .,Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Correlations between peripheral levels of inflammatory mediators and frontolimbic structures in bipolar disorder: an exploratory analysis. CNS Spectr 2022; 27:639-644. [PMID: 34121653 PMCID: PMC8669052 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852921000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered peripheral immune/inflammatory system and brain volumetric changes have been implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to evaluate how peripheral levels of cytokines are related to volumetric brain changes in euthymic patients with BD. METHODS Euthymic patients with BD (n = 21) and healthy controls (n = 22) were enrolled in this exploratory study. Blood samples were collected on the same day of clinical assessment and neuroimaging. Cytokines were measured through cytometric bead array method. Neuroimaging data were acquired using a sagittal three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging T1-weighted fast field echo sequence and was processed using FreeSurfer. RESULTS Compared to controls, BD patients had significantly lower volumes in the cingulate, medial-orbitofrontal (MOF) and parahippocampal regions. We found a negative correlation between right MOF volume and interferon-gamma levels (β = -0.431, P = .049) and a positive correlation between interleukin-10 levels and left posterior cingulate volume (β = 0.457, P = .048). CONCLUSION Our results support the involvement of inflammatory pathways in structural brain changes in BD.
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Chen PH, Chung CC, Liu SH, Kao YH, Chen YJ. Lithium Treatment Improves Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats Deprived of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911226. [PMID: 36232526 PMCID: PMC9570242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation triggers mania and induces cardiac fibrosis. Beyond neuroprotection, lithium has cardioprotective potential and antifibrotic activity. This study investigated whether lithium improved REM sleep deprivation-induced cardiac dysfunction and evaluated the potential mechanisms. Transthoracic echocardiography, histopathological analysis, and Western blot analysis were performed in control and REM sleep-deprived rats with or without lithium treatment (LiCl of 1 mmol/kg/day administered by oral gavage for 4 weeks) in vivo and in isolated ventricular preparations. The results revealed that REM sleep-deprived rats exhibited impaired contractility and greater fibrosis than control and lithium-treated REM sleep-deprived rats. Western blot analysis showed that REM sleep-deprived hearts had higher expression levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), phosphorylated Smad 2/3, and alpha-smooth muscle actin than lithium-treated REM sleep-deprived and control hearts. Moreover, lithium-treated REM sleep-deprived hearts had lower expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor, phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B p65, calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1, transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) 1, and TRPC3 than REM sleep-deprived hearts. The findings suggest that lithium attenuates REM sleep deprivation-induced cardiac fibrogenesis and dysfunction possibly through the downregulation of TGF-β, angiotensin II, and Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Huan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Chung
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Hsin Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (Y.-J.C.)
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Possamai-Della T, Dal-Pont GC, Resende WR, Aguiar-Geraldo JM, Peper-Nascimento J, Quevedo J, Valvassori SS. Imipramine Can Be Effective on Depressive-Like Behaviors, but Not on Neurotrophic Factor Levels in an Animal Model for Bipolar Disorder Induced by Ouabain. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7170-7181. [PMID: 36121567 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite possible risks of mania switching with the long-term use of antidepressants in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), these drugs may help in depressive episodes. Alterations in neurotrophic factor levels seem to be involved in the pathophysiology of BD. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute treatment of imipramine on behavior and neurotrophic levels in rats submitted to the animal model for BD induced by ouabain. METHODS Wistar rats received a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid or ouabain (10-3 M). Following the ICV administration, the rats were treated for 14 days with saline (NaCl 0.9%, i.p.), lithium (47.5 mg/kg, i.p.), or valproate (200 mg/kg, i.p.). On the 13th and 14th days of treatment, the animals received an additional injection of saline or imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavior tests were evaluated 7 and 14 days after ICV injection. Adrenal gland weight and concentrations of ACTH were evaluated. Levels of neurotrophins BDNF, NGF, NT-3, and GDNF were measured in the frontal cortex and hippocampus by ELISA test. RESULTS The administration of ouabain induced mania- and depressive-like behavior in the animals 7 and 14 days after ICV, respectively. The treatment with lithium and valproate reversed the mania-like behavior. All treatments were able to reverse most of the depressive-like behaviors induced by ouabain. Moreover, ouabain increased HPA-axis parameters in serum and decreased the neurotrophin levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. All treatments, except imipramine, reversed these alterations. CONCLUSION It can be suggested that acute administration of imipramine alone can be effective on depressive-like symptoms but not on neurotrophic factor alterations present in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taise Possamai-Della
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Dal-Pont
- Translational Health Research Laboratory, Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University, Caçador, Brazil
| | - Wilson R Resende
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jorge M Aguiar-Geraldo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jefté Peper-Nascimento
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Severe psychiatric disorders and general medical comorbidities: inflammation-related mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1257-1280. [PMID: 36062418 DOI: 10.1042/cs20211106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with severe psychiatric disorders, such as mood disorders and schizophrenia, are at increased risk of developing other medical conditions, especially cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. These medical conditions are underdiagnosed and undertreated in these patients contributing to their increased morbidity and mortality. The basis for this increased comorbidity is not well understood, possibly reflecting shared risks factors (e.g. lifestyle risk factors), shared biological mechanisms and/or reciprocal interactions. Among overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms, inflammation and related factors, such as dysbiosis and insulin resistance, stand out. Besides underlying the association between psychiatric disorders and cardiometabolic diseases, these mechanisms provide several potential therapeutic targets.
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Fath MK, Naderi M, Hamzavi H, Ganji M, Shabani S, Ghahroodi FN, Khalesi B, Pourzardosht N, Hashemi ZS, Khalili S. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic effects of different vitamins and minerals in COVID-19 patients. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127044. [PMID: 35901669 PMCID: PMC9297660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading disease, which has caught the world by surprise. Millions of people suffer from illness, and the mortality rates are dramatically high. Currently, there is no specific and immediate treatment for this disease. Remedies are limited to supportive regiments and few antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs. The lack of a definite cure for COVID-19 is the reason behind its high mortality and global prevalence. COVID-19 can lead to a critical illness with severe respiratory distress and cytokine release. Increased oxidative stress and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines are vital components of severe COVID-19. Micronutrients, metalloids, and vitamins such as iron, manganese, selenium, Zinc, Copper, vitamin A, B family, and C are among the essential and trace elements that play a pivotal role in human nutrition and health. They participate in metabolic processes that lead to energy production. In addition, they support immune functions and act as antioxidants. Therefore, maintaining an optimal level of micronutrients intake, particularly those with antioxidant activities, is essential to fight against oxidative stress, modulate inflammation, and boost the immune system. Therefore, these factors could play a crucial role in COVID-19 prevention and treatment. In this review, we aimed to summarize antiviral properties of different vitamins and minerals. Moreover, we will investigate the correlation between them and their effects in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Naderi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hosna Hamzavi
- Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ganji
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Shabani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Noorabad Ghahroodi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Navid Pourzardosht
- Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hashemi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran. Iran.
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
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Nassar A, Azab AN. Effects of Dexamethasone and Pentoxifylline on Mania-like and Depression-like Behaviors in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091063. [PMID: 36145284 PMCID: PMC9503945 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies support the notion that inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology and treatment approaches of psychiatric illnesses, particularly mood disorders. Congruently, classic anti-inflammatory drugs were found efficacious in randomized clinical trials of patients with mood disorders. Moreover, accumulating data indicate that psychotropic drugs exhibit some anti-inflammatory effects. This study was undertaken to examine the efficacy of dexamethasone (a potent corticosteroid) and pentoxifylline (a methylxanthine drug with proven anti-tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitory activity) in behavioral models in rats, which were treated intraperitoneally with either dexamethasone or pentoxifylline for two weeks and then subjected to a battery of behavioral tests. Treatment with pentoxifylline, but not dexamethasone, was associated with antidepressant-like and anti-manic-like effects. The beneficial behavioral effects of pentoxifylline were accompanied by a prominent reduction in pro-inflammatory mediator levels in the brain. For the first time, the current work proves the efficacy of pentoxifylline against both mania-like and depressive-like behaviors. These results suggest that pentoxifylline may be a promising therapeutic intervention for patients with mood disorders. Taking into account the excellent tolerability profile of pentoxifylline in humans, it is warranted to conduct randomized clinical trials to investigate its therapeutic efficacy in patients with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nassar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Abed N. Azab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Huehnchen P, Bangemann N, Lischewski S, Märschenz S, Paul F, Schmitz-Hübsch T, Blohmer JU, Eberhardt C, Rauch G, Flöel A, Adam S, Schwenkenbecher P, Meinhold-Heerlein I, Hoffmann O, Ziemssen T, Endres M, Boehmerle W. Rationale and design of the prevention of paclitaxel-related neurological side effects with lithium trial - Protocol of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled proof-of-concept phase-2 clinical trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:967964. [PMID: 36035422 PMCID: PMC9403739 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.967964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy (CIPN) and post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment (PCCI) are frequent side effects of paclitaxel treatment. CIPN/PCCI are potentially irreversible, reduce quality of life and often lead to treatment limitations, which affect patients' outcome. We previously demonstrated that paclitaxel enhances an interaction of the Neuronal calcium sensor-1 protein (NCS-1) with the Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R), which disrupts calcium homeostasis and triggers neuronal cell death via the calcium-dependent protease calpain in dorsal root ganglia neurons and neuronal precursor cells. Prophylactic treatment of rodents with lithium inhibits the NCS1-InsP3R interaction and ameliorates paclitaxel-induced polyneuropathy and cognitive impairment, which is in part supported by limited retrospective clinical data in patients treated with lithium carbonate at the time of chemotherapy. Currently no data are available from a prospective clinical trial to demonstrate its efficacy. Methods and analysis The PREPARE study will be conducted as a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase-2 trial with parallel group design. N = 84 patients with breast cancer will be randomized 1:1 to either lithium carbonate treatment (targeted serum concentration 0.5-0.8 mmol/l) or placebo with sham dose adjustments as add-on to (nab-) paclitaxel. The primary endpoint is the validated Total Neuropathy Score reduced (TNSr) at 2 weeks after the last (nab-) paclitaxel infusion. The aim is to show that the lithium carbonate group is superior to the placebo group, meaning that the mean TNSr after (nab-) paclitaxel is lower in the lithium carbonate group than in the placebo group. Secondary endpoints include: (1) severity of CIPN, (2) amount and dose of pain medication, (3) cumulative dose of (nab-) paclitaxel, (4) patient-reported symptoms of CIPN, quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression, (5) severity of cognitive impairment, (6) hippocampal volume and changes in structural/functional connectivity and (7) serum Neurofilament light chain protein concentrations. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol was approved by the Berlin ethics committee (reference: 21/232 - IV E 10) and the respective federal agency (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, reference: 61-3910-4044771). The results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed medical journals as well as presented at relevant (inter)national conferences. Clinical trial registration [https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00027165], identifier [DRKS00027165].
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Huehnchen
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikola Bangemann
- Carl-Thiem-Klinikum Cottbus, Klinik für Senologie und Systemische Gynäkoonkologie mit Brustzentrum, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Sandra Lischewski
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (NCRC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Märschenz
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (NCRC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (NCRC), Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (NCRC), Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Blohmer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Brustzentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Eberhardt
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Pharmacy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Geraldine Rauch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Biometrie und Klinische Epidemiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | - Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein
- Universitätsklinikum Giessen, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Giessen, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoffmann
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Essen, Germany
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Carl-Thiem-Klinikum Cottbus, Klinik für Senologie und Systemische Gynäkoonkologie mit Brustzentrum, Cottbus, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Boehmerle
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Kakhki S, Ahmadi-Soleimani SM. Experimental data on lithium salts: From neuroprotection to multi-organ complications. Life Sci 2022; 306:120811. [PMID: 35850248 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Lithium-salts stand on the first line of therapy for the management of specific psychiatric conditions, mainly bipolar mood disorder. It is also known to protect the brain against neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's disease. Despite the mentioned merits, recent studies have revealed that high dose or prolonged lithium intake deteriorate the function of multiple key organs including heart, ovaries, thyroid gland and kidneys. Mechanistically, both positive and negative effects of lithium are mediated through methylation of β-catenin nuclear-binding proteins which is potentiated by lithium-induced inhibition of GSK-3 or inositol monophosphatase. The current study briefly reviews the recent experimental data on lithium therapy considering both positive (i.e., neuroprotective) and negative aspects. In this regard, the question is that whether doses of lithium administered in experimental research are comparable with the therapeutic doses, as currently prescribed in clinical practice. It should be noted that the experimental data on animal studies, as widely reviewed here, could not be directly generalized to clinic. This is mainly because lithium doses applied in animal models are usually higher than therapeutic doses, however, there are evidence indicating that even animal to human translated doses of lithium, cause serious complications and this has been reported by meta-analyses on human studies. Therefore, we suggest the clinicians to use lithium-salts with precaution particularly in pregnancy and precisely adjust lithium concentration considering the patient's general health status to avoid lithium toxicity. Indeed, alternative approaches are recommended when the subject is pregnant, prolonged therapy is required or specific organ dysfunction is diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Kakhki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - S Mohammad Ahmadi-Soleimani
- Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.
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Figueroa-Hall LK, Xu B, Kuplicki R, Ford BN, Burrows K, Teague TK, Sen S, Yeh HW, Irwin MR, Savitz J, Paulus MP. Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:279. [PMID: 35821205 PMCID: PMC9276683 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum concentrations (>3 mg/L) of the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), is used as a clinical marker of inflammation and is reported to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In psychiatric populations, CRP concentration is reported to be higher in depressed versus healthy individuals. Positive associations between CRP and depression have been established in both clinical and community samples, but effect sizes are attenuated after controlling for confounding variables. Similarly, emerging research has begun to draw a link between inflammation, symptoms of anxiety, and substance abuse. Given the high level of comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders in many depressed populations, this study examined whether depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9]) and substance use-related (Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST]) symptoms were associated with CRP concentrations in the blood after adjusting for relevant medical, social, and demographic covariates in a large sample undergoing screening for several transdiagnostic psychiatric research studies. A total of 1,724 participants were analyzed for association of CRP with variables using multivariate linear regression. An unadjusted model with no covariates showed that PHQ-9 was significantly associated with CRP in All (β = 0.125), Female (β = 0.091), and Male (β = 0.154) participants, but DAST was significantly associated with CRP in males only (β = 0.120). For the adjusted model, in both males and females, mood-stabilizer treatment (β = 0.630), opioid medication (β = 0.360), body mass index (β = 0.244), percent body fat (β = 0.289), nicotine use (β = 0.063), and self-reported sleep disturbance (β = 0.061) were significantly associated with increased CRP concentrations. In females, oral contraceptive use (β = 0.576), and waist-to-hip ratio (β = 0.086), and in males, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (β = 0.367) were also associated with increased CRP concentrations. There was no significant association between CRP and individual depressive, anxiety, or substance use-related symptoms when covariates were included in the regression models. These results suggest that associations between circulating CRP and the severity of psychiatric symptoms are dependent on the type of covariates controlled for in statistical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bohan Xu
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Tandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Bart N Ford
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Kaiping Burrows
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - T Kent Teague
- Department of Surgery and Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma-School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA
| | - Sandip Sen
- Department of Computer Science, Tandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Hung-Wen Yeh
- Division of Health Services & Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74199, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74199, USA
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A Review on the Recent Advancements on Therapeutic Effects of Ions in the Physiological Environments. PROSTHESIS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis4020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the therapeutic effects of ions when released in physiological environments. Recent studies have shown that metallic ions like Ag+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Ca2+, P+5, etc., have shown promising results in drug delivery systems and regenerative medicine. These metallic ions can be loaded in nanoparticles, mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs), hydroxyapatite (HA), calcium phosphates, polymeric coatings, and salt solutions. The metallic ions can exhibit different functions in the physiological environment such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, bioactive, biocompatible, and angiogenic effects. Furthermore, the metals/metalloid ions can be loaded into scaffolds to improve osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, bone development, fibroblast growth, and improved wound healing efficacy. Moreover, different ions possess different therapeutic limits. Therefore, further mechanisms need to be developed for the highly controlled and sustained release of these ions. This review paper summarizes the recent progress in the use of metallic/metalloid ions in regenerative medicine and encourages further study of ions as a solution to cure diseases.
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Abstract
Raised inflammatory setpoints have been associated with major depression and its detrimental consequences on brain function, as they lead to increased production of cytokines, changes in gene expression and activated brain microglia. Three main lines of evidence support immune-inflammatory mechanisms as targets for the treatment of depression. First, higher inflammation hampers response to antidepressants, and effective antidepressant treatment decreases inflammation. Second, conventional antidepressants share immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, which could affect inflammation during the depression. Third, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory treatments proved superior to placebo in randomized controlled antidepressant trials. New targets and new pharmacologic treatment for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases have been identified and tested in several medical settings and interest is warranted for testing them as antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Benedetti
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Zanardi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Gennaro Mazza
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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Shvartsur R, Agam G, Uzzan S, Azab AN. Low-Dose Aspirin Augments the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Low-Dose Lithium in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Rats. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050901. [PMID: 35631487 PMCID: PMC9143757 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that immune-system dysfunction and inflammation play a role in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood-disorders in general and of bipolar disorder in particular. The current study examined the effects of chronic low-dose aspirin and low-dose lithium (Li) treatment on plasma and brain interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats. Rats were fed regular or Li-containing food (0.1%) for six weeks. Low-dose aspirin (1 mg/kg) was administered alone or together with Li. On days 21 and 42 rats were injected with 1 mg/kg LPS or saline. Two h later body temperature was measured and rats were sacrificed. Blood samples, the frontal-cortex, hippocampus, and the hypothalamus were extracted. To assess the therapeutic potential of the combined treatment, rats were administered the same Li + aspirin protocol without LPS. We found that the chronic combined treatment attenuated LPS-induced hypothermia and significantly reduced plasma and brain cytokine level elevation, implicating the potential neuroinflammatory diminution purportedly present among the mentally ill. The combined treatment also significantly decreased immobility time and increased struggling time in the forced swim test, suggestive of an antidepressant-like effect. This preclinical evidence provides a potential approach for treating inflammation-related mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Shvartsur
- Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (G.A.); (S.U.)
| | - Galila Agam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (G.A.); (S.U.)
| | - Sarit Uzzan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (G.A.); (S.U.)
| | - Abed N. Azab
- Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (G.A.); (S.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-86-479880; Fax: +972-86-477-683
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Rybakowski JK, Ferensztajn-Rochowiak E. Mini-review: Anomalous association between lithium data and lithium use. Neurosci Lett 2022; 777:136590. [PMID: 35346779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review aims to show a discrepancy between favorable data of lithium's therapeutic activity and the decreased use of the drug worldwide. The data point to lithium as the best mood stabilizer in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder for the prevention of manic and depressive recurrences. The second most encouraging psychiatric use of lithium is the augmentation of antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression. In addition to its mood-stabilizing properties, lithium is the most efficacious antisuicidal drug among all mood stabilizers. The drug also exerts antiviral, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective effects which may be of major clinical value. On the other hand, the data of lithium use show that its therapeutic application in many countries has declined. A reason for this can be the introduction and heavy promotion of other mood-stabilizers, while lithium is an "orphan" drug with the minimal interest of any drug company. Probably, very important is also a perception of lithium as a "toxic drug", pointing to its side effects, mainly thyroid, renal and cognitive ones. In recent years, several proposals to turn back this anomalous association appeared, challenging a negative perception of lithium and optimizing its long-term administration. They show the data on lithium superiority over other mood stabilizers and point to the proper management of the lithium-induced side effects. This endeavor aims to allow a larger number of mood disorder patients to become beneficiaries of lithium use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz K Rybakowski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, ul. Szpitalna 27/33, Poland.
| | - Ewa Ferensztajn-Rochowiak
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, ul. Szpitalna 27/33, Poland
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Gao* K, Ayati* M, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Ganocy SJ, Kaye NM, Lazarus HM, Christian E, Kaplan D. Protein Biomarkers in Monocytes and CD4 + Lymphocytes for Predicting Lithium Treatment Response of Bipolar Disorder: a Feasibility Study with Tyramine-Based Signal-Amplified Flow Cytometry. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN 2022; 52:8-35. [PMID: 35342205 PMCID: PMC8896753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To determine if enhanced flow cytometry (CellPrint™) can identify intracellular proteins of lithium responsiveness in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes from patients with bipolar disorder. Methods Eligible bipolar I or II patients were openly treated with lithium for 16-weeks. Baseline levels of Bcl2, BDNF, calmodulin, Fyn, phospho-Fyn/phospho-Yes, GSK3β, phospho-GSK3αβ, HMGB1, iNOS, IRS2, mTor, NLPR3, PGM1, PKA C-α, PPAR-γ, phospho-RelA, and TPH1 in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes of lithium responders and non-responders were measured with CellPrint™. Their utility of discriminating responders from non-responders was explored. Protein-protein network and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted. Results Of the 24 intent-to-treat patients, 12 patients completed the 16-week study. Eleven of 13 responders and 8 of 11 non-responders were available for this analysis. The levels of the majority of analytes in lithium responders were lower than non-responders in both cell types, but only the level of GSK3β in monocytes was significantly different (p = 0.034). The combination of GSK3β and phospho-GSK3αβ levels in monocytes correctly classified 11/11 responders and 5/8 non-responders. Combination of GSK3β, phospho-RelA, TPH1 and PGM1 correctly classified 10/11 responders and 6/7 non-responders, both with a likelihood of ≥ 85%. Prolactin, leptin, BDNF, neurotrophin, and epidermal growth factor/epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways are involved in the lithium treatment response. GSK3β and RelA genes are involved in 4 of 5 these pathways. Conclusion CellPrint™ flow cytometry was able to detect differences in multiple proteins in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes between lithium responders and non-responders. A large study is warranted to confirm or refute these findings.
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Madireddy S, Madireddy S. Therapeutic Interventions to Mitigate Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress–Induced Damage in Patients with Bipolar Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031844. [PMID: 35163764 PMCID: PMC8836876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by mood changes, including recurrent manic, hypomanic, and depressive episodes, which may involve mixed symptoms. Despite the progress in neurobiological research, the pathophysiology of BD has not been extensively described to date. Progress in the understanding of the neurobiology driving BD could help facilitate the discovery of therapeutic targets and biomarkers for its early detection. Oxidative stress (OS), which damages biomolecules and causes mitochondrial and dopamine system dysfunctions, is a persistent finding in patients with BD. Inflammation and immune dysfunction might also play a role in BD pathophysiology. Specific nutrient supplements (nutraceuticals) may target neurobiological pathways suggested to be perturbed in BD, such as inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and OS. Consequently, nutraceuticals may be used in the adjunctive treatment of BD. This paper summarizes the possible roles of OS, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immune system dysregulation in the onset of BD. It then discusses OS-mitigating strategies that may serve as therapeutic interventions for BD. It also analyzes the relationship between diet and BD as well as the use of nutritional interventions in the treatment of BD. In addition, it addresses the use of lithium therapy; novel antipsychotic agents, including clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, cariprazine, and quetiapine; and anti-inflammatory agents to treat BD. Furthermore, it reviews the efficacy of the most used therapies for BD, such as cognitive–behavioral therapy, bright light therapy, imagery-focused cognitive therapy, and electroconvulsive therapy. A better understanding of the roles of OS, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder, along with a stronger elucidation of the therapeutic functions of antioxidants, antipsychotics, anti-inflammatory agents, lithium therapy, and light therapies, may lead to improved strategies for the treatment and prevention of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Madireddy
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Correspondence:
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Esu KD, Bakare AO, Owoyele BV. Effects of co-administration of vitamin E and lithium chloride on chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathy in male Wistar rats: Focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Pain Pract 2022; 22:148-158. [PMID: 34351685 DOI: 10.1111/papr.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the antinociceptive effects of co-administration of lithium chloride (LiCl) and vitamin E (Vit E) on chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced peripheral neuropathy in male Wistar rats. It further explored the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of LiCl and Vit E, which may be complementary to the antinociceptive effects of the two substances. METHODS Thirty-six male Wistar rats, 190.00 ± 10.00 g of body weight were randomly assigned to 6 experimental groups and administered with normal saline, Vit E, LiCl, or their combination, once daily for 21 days. CCI was used to induce neuropathic pain (NP) and mechanical allodynia was assessed using von Frey filaments and pinprick test. Open field maze (OFM) was used to assess the exploratory behavior. Biochemical parameters were assessed in the dorsal root ganglion after 21 days of treatment. RESULTS Mechanical allodynia was developed in rats following CCI. Co-administration of LiCl and Vit E synergistically reduced mechanical hyperalgesia in rats which were significantly different compared with the single administration of either Vit E or LiCl. Combined doses of Vit E and LiCl significantly increases the explorative behavior in the OFM. CCI increased malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α), calcitonin gene-related polypeptide, calcium ion (Ca2+ ), and reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Co-administration of LiCl and Vit E significantly reduced MDA, TNF-α, but increased SOD compared with ligated control. DISCUSSION The findings revealed that the synergistic effects of the co-administration of Vit E and LiCl in ameliorating NP are mediated by their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley Dominic Esu
- Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed Olalekan Bakare
- Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Bamidele Victor Owoyele
- Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Krull F, Akkouh I, Hughes T, Bettella F, Athanasiu L, Smeland OB, O'Connell KS, Brattbakk HR, Steen VM, Steen NE, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Dose-dependent transcriptional effects of lithium and adverse effect burden in a psychiatric cohort. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 112:110408. [PMID: 34320404 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lithium is the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), but there is a large variation in response rate and adverse effects. Although the molecular effects of lithium have been studied extensively, the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear. In particular, the molecular changes underlying lithium adverse effects are little known. Multiple linear regression analyses of lithium serum concentrations and global gene expression levels in whole blood were carried out using a large case-control sample (n = 1450). Self-reported adverse effects of lithium were assessed with the "Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser" (UKU) adverse effect rating scale, and regression analysis was used to identify significant associations between lithium-related genes and six of the most common adverse effects. Serum concentrations of lithium were significantly associated with the expression levels of 52 genes (FDR < 0.01), largely replicating previous results. We found 32 up-regulated genes and 20 down-regulated genes in lithium users compared to non-users. The down-regulated gene set was enriched for several processes related to the translational machinery. Two adverse effects were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with three or more lithium-associated genes: tremor (FAM13A-AS1, FAR2, ITGAX, RWDD1, and STARD10) and xerostomia (ANKRD13A, FAR2, RPS8, and RWDD1). The adverse effect association with the largest effect was between CAMK1D expression and nausea/vomiting. These results suggest putative transcriptional mechanisms that may predict lithium adverse effects, and could thus have a large potential for informing clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Krull
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ibrahim Akkouh
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy Hughes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Mazza MG, Palladini M, Poletti S, Benedetti F. Post-COVID-19 Depressive Symptoms: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacological Treatment. CNS Drugs 2022; 36:681-702. [PMID: 35727534 PMCID: PMC9210800 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-022-00931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still spreading worldwide over 2 years since its outbreak. The psychopathological implications in COVID-19 survivors such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairments are now recognized as primary symptoms of the "post-acute COVID-19 syndrome." Depressive psychopathology was reported in around 35% of patients at short, medium, and long-term follow-up after the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms are known to increase fatigue and affect neurocognitive functioning, sleep, quality of life, and global functioning in COVID-19 survivors. The psychopathological mechanisms underlying post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms are mainly related to the inflammation triggered by the peripheral immune-inflammatory response to the viral infection and to the persistent psychological burden during and after infection. The large number of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients and the high prevalence of post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms may significantly increase the pool of people suffering from depressive disorders. Therefore, it is essential to screen, diagnose, treat, and monitor COVID-19 survivors' psychopathology to counteract the depression disease burden and related years of life lived with disability. This paper reviews the current literature in order to synthesize the available evidence regarding epidemiology, clinical features, neurobiological underpinning, and pharmacological treatment of post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Gennaro Mazza
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. .,PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mariagrazia Palladini
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Poletti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Lengvenyte A, Aouizerate B, Aubin V, Loftus J, Marlinge E, Belzeaux R, Dubertret C, Gard S, Haffen E, Schwan R, Llorca PM, Passerieux C, Roux P, Polosan M, Etain B, Leboyer M, Courtet P, Olié E. Violent suicide attempt history in elderly patients with bipolar disorder: The role of sex, abdominal obesity, and verbal memory: Results from the FACE-BD cohort (FondaMental Advanced center of Expertise for Bipolar Disorders). J Affect Disord 2022; 296:265-276. [PMID: 34606799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, lifelong condition, associated with increased risk of obesity, cognitive impairment, and suicidal behaviors. Abdominal obesity and a higher risk of violent suicide attempt (SA) seem to be shared correlates with older age, BD, and male sex until middle age when menopause-related female body changes occur. This study aimed at assessing the role of abdominal obesity and cognition in the violent SA burden of individuals with BD. METHODS From the well-defined nationwide cohort FACE-BD (FondaMental Advanced center of Expertise for Bipolar Disorders), we extracted data on 619 euthymic BD patients that were 50 years or older at inclusion. Cross-sectional clinical, cognitive, and metabolic assessments were performed. SA history was based on self-report. RESULTS Violent SA, in contrast to non-violent and no SA, was associated with higher waist circumference, abdominal obesity and poorer California Verbal Learning Test short-delay free recall (CVLT-SDFR) (ANOVA, p < .001, p = .014, and p = .006). Waist circumference and abdominal obesity were associated with violent SA history independently of sex, BD type and anxiety disorder (Exp(B) 1.02, CI 1.00-1.05, p = .018; Exp(B) 2.16, CI 1.00-4.64, p = .009, accordingly). In an exploratory model, waist circumference and CVLT-SDFR performance mediated the association between male sex and violent SA. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design and retrospective reporting. CONCLUSIONS Violent SA history was associated with abdominal obesity and poorer verbal memory in older age BD patients. These factors were interlinked and might mediate the association between male sex and violent SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Lengvenyte
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 371 Av. du Doyen Gaston Giraud, Montpellier 34090, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Department of Clinical and Academic Psychiatry, Charles-Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France; France/NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valerie Aubin
- Psychiatric Center, Hospital Princess Grace, Monaco, France
| | - Joséphine Loftus
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Psychiatric Center, Hospital Princess Grace, Monaco, France
| | - Emeline Marlinge
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Fernand Widal AP-HP, Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS 1144, Paris, France
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, INT-UMR7289, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU ESPRIT, service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Faculté de médecine, Hopital Louis Mourier, Inserm, AP-HP, Université de Paris, U1266, Colombes, France
| | - Sebastien Gard
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Department of Clinical and Academic Psychiatry, Charles-Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, CHU de Besançon, Laboratoire de Neurosciences, Université de Franche-Comté, UBFC, CIC-1431 INSERM, France
| | - Raymund Schwan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Center Psychothérapique de Nancy, Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes du Grand Nancy, Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1114, Nancy, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de psychiatrie d'adulte et d'addictologie, Le Chesnay, Université Paris-Saclay, DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines, Center Hospitalier de Versailles, INSERM UMR1018, Villejuif 94807, France
| | - Paul Roux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Fondation FondaMental, Universite Paris Est Créteil, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de psychiatrie d'adulte et d'addictologie, Le Chesnay, Université Paris-Saclay, DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines, Center Hospitalier de Versailles, INSERM UMR1018, Villejuif 94807, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Fernand Widal AP-HP, Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS 1144, Paris, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Fondation FondaMental, Universite Paris Est Créteil, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 371 Av. du Doyen Gaston Giraud, Montpellier 34090, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 371 Av. du Doyen Gaston Giraud, Montpellier 34090, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
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Hong N, Park JS, Kim HJ. Synapto-protective effect of lithium on HIV-1 Tat-induced synapse loss in rat hippocampal cultures. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 26:1-9. [PMID: 35308128 PMCID: PMC8928815 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.2018044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) infection of the CNS produces synapse loss which correlates with cognitive decline in patients with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Lithium is mood stabilizer of unknown mechanism used to treat bipolar disorder and is known to exhibit neuroprotective properties. Here, we studied the effects of lithium on HIV-1 Tat-induced synapses between rat hippocampal neurons. The number of synapses was quantified to detect clusters of the scaffold protein postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95) which is clustered at glutamatergic synapses on cultured rat hippocampal neurons in vitro. Lithium protected synapses from HIV-1 Tat-induced synapse loss and subsequent neuronal death. This synaptic protection was prevented by both the activation of NMDA receptor leading to intracellular signaling and the regulatory pathway of lithium including inositol depletion and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). These results suggest that mood stabilizers might be effective drugs to treat neurodegenerative disorders including HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namgue Hong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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50
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Ali M, Okamoto M, Watanabe M, Huang H, Matsumoto S, Komichi S, Takahashi Y, Hayashi M. Biological properties of lithium-containing surface pre-reacted glass fillers as direct pulp-capping cements. Dent Mater 2021; 38:294-308. [PMID: 34953627 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surface pre-reacted glass fillers (S-PRG) can release different types of ions and in our previous study, we modified these fillers with lithium chloride (S-PRG/Li-100 mM) to induce reparative dentin formation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Here, we assessed the biological performance of S-PRG/Li-100 mM and compared it with that of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and S-PRG without additives. METHODS In vivo studies were conducted on male Wistar rats using Masson's trichrome staining in pulp-capped molars. The test materials were implanted subcutaneously to evaluate their capacity for vascularization and biocompatibility. The ability of the test materials to form apatite was tested by immersing them in simulated body fluid. Rhodamine-B staining was conducted to assess their sealing ability in bovine teeth, while their antibacterial activity was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei in terms of colony-forming units and by live/dead staining. RESULTS Masson's trichrome staining and tissue-implantation tests confirmed the biocompatibility of S-PRG/Li-100 mM and it was similar to that of MTA and S-PRG; inflammation regression was observed 14 days after operation in the subcutaneous tissues. S-PRG/Li-100 mM promoted the formation of apatite on its surface. Both the S-PRG groups showed higher sealing capability and bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity against oral bacterial biofilms than MTA. SIGNIFICANCE Lithium-containing surface pre-reacted glass cements exhibit better antibacterial and sealing capabilities than MTA, suggesting their potential as high-performance direct pulp-capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manahil Ali
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, P.O. 11111 Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Motoki Okamoto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Masakatsu Watanabe
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hailing Huang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Sayako Matsumoto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shungo Komichi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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