1
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Singh Bisht P, Garg R, Nakka N, Mondal AK. Spin Filtering and Amplification in Self-Assembled Nanofibers Based on Chiral Asymmetric Building Blocks. J Phys Chem Lett 2024:6605-6610. [PMID: 38885451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The cooperativity in artificial self-assembling systems can be enhanced to expand their applications and redesign their properties. Recently, chiral molecules have garnered renewed attention due to their potential as highly efficient spin filters through the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. However, the potential of asymmetric building blocks based on chiral perylene diimides (PDIs) self-assembled materials to generate a spin-polarized current is still not widely acknowledged. In this work, we have demonstrated that nanofibers derived from "asymmetric PDIs" molecules have been found to exhibit promising spin-filtering property and the amplification of spin polarization at room temperature. Also, the exploration of chiral amplification and correlating it with the amplification of spin polarization have been reported for the first time through this work. These findings underscore the significance of self-assembled materials in the realm of spintronics, as they offer fascinating platforms with evolving structure-property relationship. It also provides the feasible possibility of enhancing the CISS-based spintronic devices that can accomplish controllability and high spin-filtering efficiency simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Singh Bisht
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rabia Garg
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Nagaraju Nakka
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Amit Kumar Mondal
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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2
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Zhang X, Chen X, Fu S, Cao Z, Gong W, Liu Y, Cui Y. Homochiral π-Rich Covalent Organic Frameworks Enabled Chirality Imprinting in Conjugated Polymers: Confined Polymerization and Chiral Memory from Scratch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403878. [PMID: 38506535 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Optically active π-conjugated polymers (OACPs) have garnered increasing research interest for their resemblance to biological helices and intriguing chirality-related functions. Traditional methods for synthesizing involve decorating achiral conjugated polymer architectures with enantiopure side substituents through complex organic synthesis. Here, we report a new approach: the templated synthesis of unsubstituted OACPs via supramolecularly confined polymerizations of achiral monomers within nanopores of 2D or 3D chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs). We show that the chiral π-rich nanospaces facilitate the in situ enantiospecific polymerization and self-propagation, akin to nonenzymatic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system, resulting in chiral imprinting. The stacked polymer chains are kinetically inert enough to memorize the chiral information after liberating from CCOFs, and even after treatment at temperature up to 200 °C. The isolated OACPs demonstrate robust enantiodiscrimination, achieving up to 85 % ee in separating racemic amino acids. This underscores the potential of utilizing CCOFs as templates for supramolecularly imprinting optical activity into CPs, paving the way for synthetic evolution and advanced functional exploration of OACPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xinfa Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shiguo Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ziping Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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3
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Just D, Palivec V, Bártová K, Bednárová L, Pazderková M, Císařová I, Martinez-Seara H, Jahn U. Foldamers controlled by functional triamino acids: structural investigation of α/γ-hybrid oligopeptides. Commun Chem 2024; 7:114. [PMID: 38796536 PMCID: PMC11128005 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01201-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptide-like foldamers controlled by normal amide backbone hydrogen bonding have been extensively studied, and their folding patterns largely rely on configurational and conformational constraints induced by the steric properties of backbone substituents at appropriate positions. In contrast, opportunities to influence peptide secondary structure by functional groups forming individual hydrogen bond networks have not received much attention. Here, peptide-like foldamers consisting of alternating α,β,γ-triamino acids 3-amino-4-(aminomethyl)-2-methylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (AAMP) and natural amino acids glycine and alanine are reported, which were obtained by solution phase peptide synthesis. They form ordered secondary structures, which are dominated by a three-dimensional bridged triazaspiranoid-like hydrogen bond network involving the non-backbone amino groups, the backbone amide hydrogen bonds, and the relative configuration of the α,β,γ-triamino and α-amino acid building blocks. This additional stabilization leads to folding in both nonpolar organic as well as in aqueous environments. The three-dimensional arrangement of the individual foldamers is supported by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, chiroptical methods, and molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Just
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Palivec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bártová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Pazderková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Hector Martinez-Seara
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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4
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Wayment LJ, Teat SJ, Huang S, Chen H, Zhang W. Dynamic Entwined Topology in Helical Covalent Polymers Dictated by Competing Supramolecular Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403599. [PMID: 38444217 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Naturally occurring polymeric structures often consist of 1D polymer chains intricately folded and entwined through non-covalent bonds, adopting precise topologies crucial for their functionality. The exploration of crystalline 1D polymers through dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) and supramolecular interactions represents a novel approach for developing crystalline polymers. This study shows that sub-angstrom differences in the counter-ion size can lead to various helical covalent polymer (HCP) topologies, including a novel metal-coordination HCP (m-HCP) motif. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis of HCP-Na revealed that double helical pairs are formed by sodium ions coordinating to spiroborate linkages to form rectangular pores. The double helices are interpenetrated by the unreacted diols coordinating sodium ions. The reticulation of the m-HCP structure was demonstrated by the successful synthesis of HCP-K. Finally, ion-exchange studies were conducted to show the interconversion between HCP structures. This research illustrates how seemingly simple modifications, such as changes in counter-ion size, can significantly influence the polymer topology and determine which supramolecular interactions dominate the crystal lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey J Wayment
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO-80309, USA
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA-94720, USA
| | - Shaofeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO-80309, USA
| | - Hongxuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO-80309, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO-80309, USA
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5
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Liu Y, Hao A, Xing P. Ultrasensitive Solvatochirochromism of Single Benzene Chromophores. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400059. [PMID: 38409631 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Solvents influence the structure, aggregation and folding behaviors of solvatochromic compounds. Ultrasensitive solvent mediated chiroptical response is conducive to the fabrication of molecular platform for sensing and recognition, which however, remains great challenges in conceptual or applicable design. Here we report a cysteine-based single benzene chromophore system that shows ultrasensitivity to solvents. Compared to the ratiometrically responsive systems, the chiroptical activities could be triggered or inverted depending on the substituents of chiral entities with an ultralow solvent volume fraction (<1 vol %). One drop of dipolar solvents shall significantly induce the emergence or inversion of chiroptical signals in bulky phases. Based on the experimental and computational studies, the ultrasensitivity is contributed to the intimate interplay between solvents and chiral compounds that anchors the specific chiral conformation. It illustrates that structurally simple organic compounds without aggregation or folding behaviors possess pronounced solvatochiroptical properties, which sheds light on the next-generation of chiroptical sensors and switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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6
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Zara A, Albu RM, Stoica I, Barzic AI, Dimitriu DG, Dorohoi DO. New Insights on Solvent-Induced Changes in Refractivity and Specific Rotation of Poly(propylene oxide) Systems Extracted from Channeled Spectra. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4682. [PMID: 38731902 PMCID: PMC11083607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigation of chiroptical polymers in the solution phase is paramount for designing supramolecular architectures for photonic or biomedical devices. This work is devoted to the case study of poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) optical activity in several solvents: benzonitrile, carbon disulfide, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and p-dioxane. To attain information on the interactions in these systems, rheological testing was undertaken, showing distinct variations of the rheological parameters as a function of the solvent type. These aspects are also reflected in the refractive index dispersive behavior, from which linear and non-linear optical properties are extracted. To determine the circular birefringence and specific rotation of the PPO solutions, the alternative method of the channeled spectra was employed. The spectral data were correlated with the molecular modeling of the PPO structural unit in the selected solvents. Density functional theory (DFT) computational data indicated that the torsional potential energy-related to the O1-C2-C3-O4 dihedral angle from the polymer repeating unit-was hindered in solvation environments characterized by high polarity and the ability to interact via hydrogen bonding. This was in agreement with the optical characterization of the samples, which indicated a lower circular birefringence and specific rotation for the solutions of PPO in ethyl acetate and p-dioxane. Also, the shape of optical rotatory dispersion curves was slightly modified for PPO in these solvents compared with the other ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Zara
- Faculty of Physics, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (A.Z.); (D.O.D.)
| | - Raluca Marinica Albu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (R.M.A.); (I.S.)
| | - Iuliana Stoica
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (R.M.A.); (I.S.)
| | - Andreea Irina Barzic
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (R.M.A.); (I.S.)
| | - Dan Gheorghe Dimitriu
- Faculty of Physics, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (A.Z.); (D.O.D.)
| | - Dana Ortansa Dorohoi
- Faculty of Physics, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (A.Z.); (D.O.D.)
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7
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Tanaka R, Yamaoka S, Ikeda S, Okano K, Horie M, Minami H, Suzuki N, Mori A. High-Intensity Circular Dichroism of Head-To-Tail Regioregular Poly(1,4-Phenylene)s in the Aggregated State. Chemistry 2024:e202400706. [PMID: 38647089 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) studies on poly(1,4-phenylene)s bearing a chiral side chain in the aggregated conditions were carried out. Little CD was observed in a solution form, while addition of a poor solvent into the polyphenylene solution induced aggregation and a strong CD was observed, accordingly. Applying the controlled degree of polymerization (DP) of poly(1,4-phenylene) in the use of bidentate diphosphine Chiraphos as a ligand for the nickel catalyst, the relationship of DP with CD strength was studied to reveal to show the highest CD at the DP=84 (gabs=ca. 2×10-2). It was also found that the related aggregation was observed in good solvent 1,2-dichloroethane upon standing the solution at 4 °C for 3-23 days to observe gabs=ca. 10-1. Studies on the substituent effect of poly(1,4-phenylene) suggested that CD behaviors were dependent on the type of non-chiral substituent on the aromatic ring as well as the side-chain chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuya Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
| | - Seiha Yamaoka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ikeda
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Horie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hideto Minami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nozomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsunori Mori
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
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8
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Zhang G, Bao Y, Ma H, Wang N, Cheng X, He Z, Wang X, Miao T, Zhang W. Precise Modulation of Circularly Polarized Luminescence via Polymer Chiral Co-assembly and Contactless Dynamic Chiral Communication. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401077. [PMID: 38456382 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) plays a pivotal role in cutting-edge display and information technologies. Currently achieving precise color control and dynamic signal regulation in CPL still remains challenging due to the elusory relationship between fluorescence and chirality. Inspired by the natural mechanisms governing color formation and chiral interaction, we proposed an addition-subtraction principle theory to address this issue. Three fluorene-based polymers synthesized by Suzuki polycondensation with different electron-deficient monomers exhibit similar structures and UV/Vis absorption, but distinct fluorescence emissions due to intramolecular charge transfer. Based on this, precise-color CPL-active films are obtained through quantitative supramolecular co-assembly directed by addition principle. Particularly, an ideal white-emitting CPL film (CIE coordinates: (0.33, 0.33)) is facilely fabricated with a high quantum yield of 80.8 % and a dissymmetry factor (glum) of 1.4×10-2. Structural analysis reveals that the ordered stacking orientation favors higher glum. Furthermore, to address the dynamically regulated challenge, the comparable subtraction principle is proposed, involving a contactless chiral communication between excited and ground states. The representative system consisting of as-prepared fluorene-based polymers and chirality-selective absorption azobenzene (Azo)-containing polymers is constructed, achieving CPL weakening, reversal, and enhancement. Finally, a switchable quick response code is realized based on trans-cis isomerization of Azo moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yinglong Bao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haotian Ma
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nianwei Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zixiang He
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tengfei Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China
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9
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Wang Q, Son K, Pietropaolo A, Fortino M, Ogasawara M, Ohji T, Shimoda S, Bando M, Nakano T. Distinctive Chiral Conformations Induced to Poly (naphthalene-1,4-diyl) by Helix-sense-selective Polymerization and Circularly Polarized Light Irradiation. Chemistry 2024:e202304275. [PMID: 38575394 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Optically active poly(naphthalene-1,4-diyl) was prepared through helix-sense-selective polymerization of the corresponding monomers and also through circularly polarized light (CPL) irradiation, resulting in distinctive circular dichroism (CD) spectral patterns. Chirality of the helix-sense-selective polymerization -based polymer is ascribed to preferred-handed helicity while that of the CPL-based polymer to a non-helical, chiral conformation ('biased-dihedral conformation') with preferred-handedness which was stable only in the solid state. The helix of the helix-sense-selective polymerization-based polymer gradually racemized in tetrahydrofuran while it was stabilized by aggregate formation in a hexane-dichloromethane solution. Both helix-sense-selective polymerization- and CPL-based polymers exhibited efficient circularly polarized luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Wang
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N21 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ka Son
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N21 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Adriana Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Fortino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Masamichi Ogasawara
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takehito Ohji
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shuhei Shimoda
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N21 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Bando
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N21 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Tamaki Nakano
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT) and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N21 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N21 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
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10
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Nayak K, Sarkar N, Bauri K, De P. Helical Superstructures from the Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Coil-Coil Block Copolymer Guided by Side Chain Amyloid-β(17-19) LVF Peptide. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1978-1988. [PMID: 38345926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The rational design of precisely controlled hierarchical chiral nanostructures from synthetic polymers garnered inspiration from sophisticated biological materials. Since chiral peptide motifs induce helix formation in macromolecules, herein we report the synthesis of a novel type of hybrid polymer consisting of a β-sheet forming a LVF [L = leucine, V = valine, and F = phenylalanine] tripeptide pendant polymethacrylate block and a poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (PPEGMA) block. The designed block copolymer self-organized into helical superstructures with a left-handed twisting sense, as visualized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. This intriguing hierarchical self-assembly is driven by the minimalistic peptide motif that itself has a high propensity to adopt an antiparallel β-sheet conformation. We also report the generation of a diverse array of nanostructures, including spherical micelles, spindle micelles, rod-like micelles, vesicles, helical supramolecular fibers, and helical toroids via self-assembly of the designed block copolymer in tetrahydrofuran/water mixed solvents. To realize the observable helical superstructure, a twisted two-dimensional core-shell tape is proposed as a structure model in which the peptide segments form an antiparallel β-sheet with a polymer shell. The findings contribute to the advancement of a helical polymer or the superhelical self-assembly of polymers, paving the way for diverse applications in materials science and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturee Nayak
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur - 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Niharendra Sarkar
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur - 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Kamal Bauri
- Department of Chemistry, Raghunathpur College, Raghunathpur - 723133, Purulia, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur - 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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11
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Percec V, Sahoo D. From Frank-Kasper, Quasicrystals, and Biological Membrane Mimics to Reprogramming In Vivo the Living Factory to Target the Delivery of mRNA with One-Component Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimers. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1353-1370. [PMID: 38232372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This Perspective is dedicated to the 25th Anniversary of Biomacromolecules. It provides a personal view on the developing field of the polymer and biology interface over the 25 years since the journal was launched by the American Chemical Society (ACS). This Perspective is meant to bridge an article published in the first issue of the journal and recent bioinspired developments in the laboratory of the corresponding author. The discovery of supramolecular spherical helices self-organizing into Frank-Kasper and quasicrystals as models of icosahedral viruses, as well as of columnar helical assemblies that mimic rodlike viruses by supramolecular dendrimers, is briefly presented. The transplant of these assemblies from supramolecular dendrimers to block copolymers, giant surfactants, and other self-organized soft matter follows. Amphiphilic self-assembling Janus dendrimers and glycodendrimers as mimics of biological membranes and their glycans are discussed. New concepts derived from them that evolved in the in vivo targeted delivery of mRNA with the simplest one-component synthetic vector systems are introduced. Some synthetic methodologies employed during the synthesis and self-assembly are explained. Unraveling bioinspired applications of novel materials concludes this brief 25th Anniversary Perspective of Biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Dipankar Sahoo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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12
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Ikai T, Mishima N, Matsumoto T, Miyoshi S, Oki K, Yashima E. 2,2'-Tethered Binaphthyl-Embedded One-Handed Helical Ladder Polymers: Impact of the Tether Length on Helical Geometry and Chiroptical Property. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318712. [PMID: 38253965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic breakthroughs diversify the molecules and polymers available to chemists. We now report the first successful synthesis of a series of optically-pure 2,2'-tethered binaphthyl-embedded helical ladder polymers based on quantitative and chemoselective ladderization by the modified alkyne benzannulations using the 4-alkoxy-2,6-dimethylphenylethynyl group as the alkyne source, inaccessible by the conventional approach lacking the 2,6-dimethyl substituents. Due to the defect-free helix formation, the circular dichroism signal increased by more than 6 times the previously reported value. The resulting helical secondary structure can be fine-tuned by controlling the binaphthyl dihedral angle in the repeating unit with variations in the 2,2'-alkylenedioxy tethering groups by one carbon atom at a time. The optimization of the helical ladder structures led to a strong circularly polarized luminescence with a high fluorescence quantum yield (28 %) and luminescence dissymmetry factor (2.6×10-3 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ikai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Namiki Mishima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takehiro Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Sayaka Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kosuke Oki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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13
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Gedeon C, Del Rio N, Furlan F, Taddeucci A, Vanthuyne N, Gregoriou VG, Fuchter MJ, Siligardi G, Gasparini N, Crassous J, Chochos CL. Rational Design of New Conjugated Polymers with Main Chain Chirality for Efficient Optoelectronic Devices: Carbo[6]Helicene and Indacenodithiophene Copolymers as Model Compounds. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2314337. [PMID: 38406997 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The unique properties of conjugated polymers (CPs) in various optoelectronic applications are mainly attributed to their different self-assembly processes and superstructures. Various methods are utilized to tune and control CP structure and properties with less attention paid to the use of chirality. CPs with main chain chirality are rare and their microscopic and macroscopic properties are still unknown. In this work, the first experimental results are provided along these lines by synthesizing a series of racemic and enantiopure CPs containing statistical and alternating carbo[6]helicene and indacenodithiophene moieties and evaluating their microscopic (optical, energy levels) and macroscopic properties (hole mobilities, photovoltaic performance). It is demonstrated that a small statistical insertion of either the racemic or enantiopure helicene into the polymer backbone finely tunes the microscopic and macroscopic properties as a function of the statistical content. The microscopic properties of the enantiopure versus the racemic polymers with the same helicene loading remain similar. On the contrary, the macroscopic properties, and more interestingly those between the two enantiomeric forms, are altered as a function of the statistical content. Once incorporated into a solar cell device, these chiral CPs display better performance in their enantiopure versus racemic forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Gedeon
- Advent Technologies SA., Stadiou Str, Patras, Platani, 26504, Greece
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes, 35000, France
| | | | - Francesco Furlan
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, White City Campus, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Andrea Taddeucci
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0GD, UK
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - Vasilis G Gregoriou
- Advent Technologies SA., Stadiou Str, Patras, Platani, 26504, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, 11635, Greece
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, White City Campus, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0GD, UK
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, White City Campus, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | | | - Christos L Chochos
- Advent Technologies SA., Stadiou Str, Patras, Platani, 26504, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, 11635, Greece
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14
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Oka M, Kozako R, Teranishi Y, Yamada Y, Miyake K, Fujimura T, Sasai R, Ikeue T, Iida H. Chiral Supramolecular Organogel Constructed Using Riboflavin and Melamine: Its Application in Photo-Catalyzed Colorimetric Chiral Sensing and Enantioselective Adsorption. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303353. [PMID: 38012829 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a chiral supramolecular organogel via the hierarchical helical self-assembly of optically active riboflavin and melamine derivatives is described herein. Owing to the photocatalysis of riboflavin and the supramolecular chirality induced in the helically stacked riboflavin/melamine complex, the gel is observed to act as a light-stimulated chiral sensor of optically active alcohols by detecting the change in color from yellow to green. The gel also served as an efficient chiral adsorbent, enabling optical resolution of a racemic compound with high chiral recognition ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Oka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Ryo Kozako
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yuta Teranishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Miyake
- Center for Material Research Platform, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
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15
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Zhao HY, Liu GL, Xu Q, Pei YR, Jin LY. Chirality-induced supramolecular nanodishes: enantioselectivity and energy transfer. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1884-1891. [PMID: 38321960 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01747h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembly is one of the most important issues of fabricating materials with precise chiral nanostructures. Herein, we constructed a chiral assembly system from amphiphiles containing hydrophobic/hydrophilic chiral coils bonded to hexabiphenyl, exhibiting controllable enantioselectivity over various aggregation behaviors. The chiral coils aroused various steric hindrances affecting intrinsic stacking tendency and compactness, leading to different aggregating behaviors, as concluded from the self-assembly investigation. The strong π-π stacking interaction between the long hexabiphenyl groups gave rise to a relatively compact arrangement in the aqueous solution, whereas the methyl side groups on the coil segments raised steric hindrance at the rigid-flexible interface, resulting in loose stacking and formation of nanostructures with a larger curvature. Compared with the achiral molecule 1 that formed micron-sized large sheets, molecules 2-4 containing chiral coils aggregated into nanodishes, which looked exactly like mosquito-repellent incense, to overcome surface tension. The helical structures effectively amplified chirality and exhibited strong circular dichroism (CD) signals, which indicate enantioselectivity. In addition, the relatively loose packing behavior permitted their co-assembly with a dye and aided efficient energy transfer, providing a foundation for the chiral application of supramolecules. Thus, by introducing a simple methyl side group in amphiphilic molecules, asymmetric synthesis and energy transfer efficiency can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gui-Lang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Rong Pei
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Long Yi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Wang S, Ye X, Yang Z, Li A, Sheng X, Wang Q, Jia C. Guest-Facilitated Heteroleptic Assembly of Helical Anionocages Enables Reversible Chirality Modulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319552. [PMID: 38179815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
We report a novel strategy for reversible modulation of the supramolecular chirality based on guest-facilitated heteroleptic assembly of helical anionocages. Two triple-stranded helical anionocages including a chiral cage 1 (A2 L1 3 ) and a crown ether functionalized achiral cage 2 (A2 L2 3 ) were synthesized by anion coordination of bis-monourea-based ligands and PhPO3 2- . Both cages exhibited favorable binding with tetraethylammonium TEA+ and cobaltocenium Cob+ (endo-guest, bound in the cavity). Additionally, cage 2 could reversibly release and recapture the guests through binding the exo-guest potassium ions (K+ ) in the crown ethers and subsequent removal of the K+ by [2,2,2]-cryptand. The circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of cage 1 was not significantly affected by guest encapsulation or mixing with the "empty" cage 2. However, in the presence of both cage 2 and an endo-guest/exo-guest, the Cotton effects were reversed at 391 nm and significantly enhanced at 310 nm. This observation was attributed to the guest-facilitated formation of heteroleptic cages that enabled effective chirality transfer from the chiral to the achiral ligands. The CD changes induced by K+ could be fully reversed by removing it with [2,2,2]-cryptand. Sequential addition and removal of K+ allowed reversible modulation of the chirality for at least 10 cycles without significant attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuanli Ye
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China
| | - Zaiwen Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 710054, Xi'an, China
| | - Anyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinsong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuandong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China
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17
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Zhou Y, Zhang C, Huang J, Liu L, Bai J, Li J, Satoh T, Okamoto Y. Positive Synergy between the Helical Poly(phenylacetylene) Backbones and the Helical L-Proline Oligopeptide Pendants for Enhanced Enantioseparation Properties. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2078-2086. [PMID: 38259249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
A series of optically active helical poly(phenylacetylene)s (PPA-Pro1, PPA-Pro3, PPA-Pro6, PPA-Pro9, and PPA-Pro12) bearing different chain lengths of L-proline oligopeptide in the side chains were obtained by polymerizing the corresponding novel phenylacetylene monomers. The monomer adopted a trans-rich helix structure when the L-proline oligopeptide chain length was longer, according to the optical activities and 2D-NMR analysis. The helical structure could be maintained and significantly influenced the polymers' helical conformation by introducing the L-proline oligopeptide to the pendants. By the way, the morphology of PPA-Pro3 was observed by atomic force microscope (AFM) on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), and the information on the helix direction, pitch, and chain arrangement was obtained. Also, the chiral separation properties of these polymer-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs) were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The poly(phenylacetylene)s showed enhanced enantioseparation properties toward various racemates depending on the longer chain length of the L-proline oligopeptide in the pendants and the positive synergy between the helical backbone and helical side chains. Particularly, PPA-Pro9 showed comparable or even superior enantioseparation properties for racemates 2 and 9 to four commercial columns (Daicel Chiralpak or Chiralcel AD, AS, OD, and OT), indicating that these poly(phenylacetylene)-based CSPs have potential practical values. This work presented here provides inspiration for the further development of CSPs based on a new paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Research Center for Biomass Materials, Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory, Chengdu 610213, Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264006, P. R. China
| | - Jiahe Huang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264006, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Junqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yoshio Okamoto
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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18
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Xue M, Zhang L, Wang X, Dong Q, Zhu Z, Wang X, Gu Q, Kang F, Li XX, Zhang Q. A Metal-Free Helical Covalent Inorganic Polymer: Preparation, Crystal Structure and Optical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315338. [PMID: 38126955 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Helical morphologies are widely observed in nature, however, it is very challenging to prepare artificial helical polymers. Especially, precisely understanding the structure information of artificial metal-free helical covalent inorganic polymers via single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis is rarely explored. Here, we successfully prepare a novel metal-free helical covalent inorganic polymer ({[Te(C6 H5 )2 ] [PO3 (OH)]}n , named CityU-10) by introducing angular anions (HOPO3 2- ) into traditional tellurium-oxygen chains. The dynamic reversibility of the reaction is realized through the introduction of organic tellurium precursor and the slow hydrolysis of polyphosphoric acid. High-quality and large-size single crystals of CityU-10 have been successfully characterized via SCXRD, where the same-handed helical inorganic polymer chains form a pseudo-two-dimensional layer via multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions. The left-handed layers and right-handed layers alternatively stack together through weak hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. The single crystals of CityU-10 are found to display promising optical properties with a large birefringence. Our results would offer new guidelines for designing and preparing new crystalline covalent polymers through tellurium-based chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xue
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zengkui Zhu
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Qianfeng Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xiong Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated-Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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19
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Gu Y, Liu L, Wang Y, Zhang C, Satoh T. Chromaticity sensor for discriminatory identification of aliphatic and aromatic primary amines based on conformational changes of polyacetylene. Talanta 2024; 268:125361. [PMID: 37925824 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The design and construction of suitable sensors that can selectively recognize chemically similar substances such as aliphatic and aromatic amines remain challenging. In this work, we reported a poly(phenylacetylene) bearing two aldehyde pendants as the color indicator for discriminative identification of amines. Reversible Schiff-base reaction of the aldehyde group with the amine resulted in a conformational transition of the polyacetylene backbone from cis-cisoid to cis-transoid, which further achieved a colorimetric change. Thirteen aliphatic amines and aromatic amines had been studied. Compared with aromatic amines, aliphatic amines generally caused the polyene backbone to display perceivable colorimetric change. Steric and electronic effect played a significant role in the colorimetric response. In addition, external environment, including amine content, polymer concentration, and temperature, had influence on the sensitivity of this colorimetric indicator system. The amines-induced colorimetric variation was further demonstrated by the CIELAB color space. Moreover, the colorimetric sensor exhibited excellent reversibility and recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China; Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai, 264006, China.
| | - Yudan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China; Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
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20
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Huang L, Zhang X, Deng L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhu H. Sustainable Cellulose-Derived Organic Photonic Gels with Tunable and Dynamic Structural Color. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3627-3635. [PMID: 38215496 PMCID: PMC10832026 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Structural color is a fascinating optical phenomenon arising from intricate light-matter interactions. Biological structural colors from natural polymers are invaluable in biomimetic design and sustainable construction. Here, we report a renewable, abundant, and biodegradable cellulose-derived organic gel that generates stable cholesteric liquid crystal structures with vivid structural colors. We construct the chromatic gel using a 68 wt % hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) matrix, incorporating distinct polyethylene glycol (PEG) guest molecules. The PEGs contain peculiar end groups with tailored polarity, allowing for precise positioning on the HPC helical backbone through electrostatic repulsion between the PEG and HPC chains. This preserves the HPC's chiral nematic phase without being disrupted. We demonstrate that the PEGs' polarity tunes the HPC gel's reflective color. Additionally, gels with variable polarities are highly sensitive to temperature, pressure, and stretching, resulting in rapid, continuous, and reversible color changes. These exceptional dynamic traits establish the chiral nematic gel as an outstanding candidate for next-generation applications across displays, wearables, flexible electronics, health monitoring, and multifunctional sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Huang
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xianzhe Zhang
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Lin Deng
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yongmin Liu
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hongli Zhu
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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21
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Lago-Silva M, Fernández-Míguez M, Rodríguez R, Quiñoá E, Freire F. Stimuli-responsive synthetic helical polymers. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:793-852. [PMID: 38105704 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic dynamic helical polymers (supramolecular and covalent) and foldamers share the helix as a structural motif. Although the materials are different, these systems also share many structural properties, such as helix induction or conformational communication mechanisms. The introduction of stimuli responsive building blocks or monomer repeating units in these materials triggers conformational or structural changes, due to the presence/absence of the external stimulus, which are transmitted to the helix resulting in different effects, such as assymetry amplification, helix inversion or even changes in the helical scaffold (elongation, J/H helical aggregates). In this review, we show through selected examples how different stimuli (e.g., temperature, solvents, cations, anions, redox, chiral additives, pH or light) can alter the helical structures of dynamic helical polymers (covalent and supramolecular) and foldamers acting on the conformational composition or molecular structure of their components, which is also transmitted to the macromolecular helical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lago-Silva
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Manuel Fernández-Míguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Rafael Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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22
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Zhou L, He K, Kang SM, Zhou XY, Zou H, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Photoswitchable Enantioselective and Helix-Sense Controlled Living Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310105. [PMID: 37957131 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
A pair of enantiomeric photoswitchable PdII catalysts, alkyne-PdII /LR-azo and alkyne-PdII /LS-azo , were prepared via the coordination of alkyne-PdII and azobenzene-modified phosphine ligands LR-azo and LS-azo . Owing to the cis-trans photoisomerization of the azobenzene moiety, alkyne-PdII /LR-azo and alkyne-PdII /LS-azo exhibited different polymerization activities, helix-sense selectivities, and enantioselectivities during the polymerization of isocyanide monomers under irradiation of different wavelength lights. Furthermore, the achiral isocyanide monomer A-1 could be polymerized efficiently using alkyne-PdII /LR-azo under dark condition in a living/controlled manner. Further, it generated single right-handed helical poly-A-1m (LR-azo ), confirmed by the circular dichroism spectra and atomic force microscopy images. However, the polymerization of A-1 almost could not be initiated under 420 nm light in identical conditions of dark condition. Moreover, the photoswitchable catalyst alkyne-PdII /LR-azo exhibited high enantioselectivity for the polymerization of the racemates of L-1 and D-1, respectively. D-1 was polymerized preferentially under dark condition with a D-1/L-1 rate ratio of 70, yielding single right-handed polyisocyanides. Additionally, reversible enantioselectivity was observed under 420 nm light using alkyne-PdII /LR-azo , and the calculated polymerization rate ratio of L-1/D-1 was 57 because of the isomerization of the azobenzene moiety of the catalyst. Furthermore, alkyne-PdII /LS-azo showed opposite enantioselectivity and helix-sense selectivity during the polymerization of the racemates of L-1 and D-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230009, China
| | - Kai He
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230009, China
| | - Shu-Ming Kang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230009, China
| | - Na Liu
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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23
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Wang X, Yu Z, Huang Z, Zhou N, Cheng X, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhu X. Unraveling Dynamic Helicity Inversion and Chirality Transfer through the Synthesis of Discrete Azobenzene Oligomers by an Iterative Exponential Growth Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202315686. [PMID: 38085492 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the chirality transfer mechanism of polymer assemblies and controlling their handedness is beneficial for exploring the origin of hierarchical chirality and developing smart materials with desired chiroptical activities. However, polydisperse polymers often lead to an ambiguous or statistical evaluation of the structure-property relationship, and it remains unclear how the iterative number of repeating units function in the helicity inversion of polymer assemblies. Herein, we report the macroscopic helicity and dynamic manipulation of the chiroptical activity of supramolecular assemblies from discrete azobenzene-containing oligomers (azooligomers), together with the helicity inversion and morphological transition achieved solely by changing the iterative chain lengths. The corresponding assemblies also differ from their polydisperse counterparts in terms of thermodynamic properties, chiroptical activities, and morphological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhihong Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhihao Huang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nianchen Zhou
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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24
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Dai H, Hong R, Ma Y, Cheng X, Zhang W. A Subtle Change in the Flexible Achiral Spacer Does Matter in Supramolecular Chirality: Two-Fold Odd-Even Effect in Polymer Assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314848. [PMID: 37903725 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Precise control over the chirality and morphologies of polymer assemblies, a remaining challenge for both chemists and materials scientists, is receiving ever-increasing attention in the recent years. Herein, we report the subtle manipulation of the achiral spacers from the chiral stereocenter to the azobenzene (Azo) unit, of which the chiroptical consistency or chiroptical inversion of self-assemblies could be successfully controlled and present "two-fold" odd-even effect. Furthermore, morphological transitions from 0D spherical micelles, 1D worms, and nanowires to 3D vesicles, spindle- and dumbbell-shaped vesicles were also unexpectedly found to exhibit odd-even correlations. These observations were collectively elucidated by mesomorphic properties, stacking modes, chiroptical dynamics, and stimuli-responsive behaviors. Negligible modifications to the spacer structures can enable remarkable modulation of supramolecular chirality and anisotropic topologies in polymer assemblies, which is of great significance for the design of complex chiral functional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Dai
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ran Hong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Yafei Ma
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China
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25
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YASHIMA E. Synthesis and applications of helical polymers with dynamic and static memories of helicity. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 99:438-459. [PMID: 37853628 PMCID: PMC10822720 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.99.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This review mainly highlights our studies on the synthesis of one-handed helical polymers with a static memory of helicity based on the noncovalent helicity induction with a helical-sense bias and subsequent memory of the helicity approach that we developed during the past decade. Apart from the previous approaches, an excess one-handed helical conformation, once induced by nonracemic molecules, is immediately retained ("memorized") after the complete removal of the nonracemic molecules, accompanied by a significant amplification of the asymmetry, providing novel switchable chiral materials for chromatographic enantioseparation and asymmetric catalysis as well as a highly sensitive colorimetric and fluorescence chiral sensor. A conceptually new one-handed helix formation in a racemic helical polymer composed of racemic repeating units through the deracemization of the pendants is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji YASHIMA
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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26
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Rai R, Khazeber R, Sureshan KM. Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Topochemical Synthesis of a Collagen-inspired Covalent Helical Polymer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315742. [PMID: 37861464 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
There is much demand for crystalline covalent helical polymers. Inspired by the helical structure of collagen, we synthesized a covalent helical polymer wherein the repeating dipeptide Gly-Pro units are connected by triazole linkages. We synthesized an azide and alkyne-modified dipeptide monomer made up of the repeating amino acid sequence of collagen. In its crystals, the monomer molecules aligned in head-to-tail fashion with proximally placed azide and alkyne forming supramolecular helices. At 60 °C, the monomer underwent single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) topochemical azide-alkyne cycloaddition polymerization, yielding a covalent helical polymer as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis. Compared to the monomer crystals, the polymer single-crystals were very strong and showed three-fold increase in Young's modulus, which is higher than collagen, many synthetic polymers and other materials. The crystals of this covalent helical polymer could bear loads as high as 1.5 million times of their own weight without deformation. These crystals could also withstand high compression force and did not disintegrate even at an applied force of 98 kN. Such light-weight strong materials are in demand for various technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Rai
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Ravichandran Khazeber
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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27
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Meskers SCJ. The Exciton Model for Molecular Materials: Past, Present and Future? Chemphyschem 2023:e202300666. [PMID: 38010974 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
In assemblies of identical molecules or chromophores, electronic excitations can be described as excitons, bound electron-hole pairs that can move from site to site as a pair in a coherent manner. The understanding of excitons is crucial when trying to engineer favorable photophysical properties through structuring organic molecular matter. In recent decades, limitations of the concept of an exciton have become clear. The exciton can hybridize with phonon and photons. To clarify these issues, the exciton is discussed within the broader context of the gauge properties of the electromagnetic force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C J Meskers
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven university of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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28
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Takimoto K, Shimada T, Nagura K, Hill JP, Nakanishi T, Yuge H, Ishihara S, Labuta J, Sato H. Thermo-/Mechano-Chromic Chiral Coordination Dimer: Formation of Switchable and Metastable Discrete Structure through Chiral Self-Sorting. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25160-25169. [PMID: 37943955 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Although strong chiral self-sorting often emerges in extended covalent or supramolecular polymers, the phenomenon is generally weak in discrete assemblies (e.g., dimers and oligomers) of small molecules due to the lack of a cooperative growth mechanism. Consequently, chiral self-sorting has been overlooked in the design of switchable and metastable discrete supramolecular structures. Here, we report a butyl-benzo[h]quinoline-based iridium(III) complex (Bu-Ir) with helical chirality at its metal center, which forms preferentially a homochiral dimer and exhibits thermo-/mechano-chromism based on a monomer-dimer transformation. While a five-coordinate monomer is formed in a racemic or an enantiopure Bu-Ir solution at 25 °C, a six-coordinate homochiral dimer complex is formed almost exclusively at low temperatures, with a higher degree of dimerization in enantiopure Bu-Ir solution. Estimation of apparent dimerization binding constants (K) and thermodynamic parameters (ΔH and ΔS) based on variable temperature ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and 1H NMR spectra reveals a strong preference for homochiral dimerization (largest known value for the coordination complex, Khomo/Khetero > 50). Notably, crystals of the homochiral dimer are metastable, undergoing a distinct color change upon grinding (from yellow to red) due to mechanical cleavage of coordination bonds (i.e., a dimer to monomer transformation). A comparison with control compounds having different substituents (proton, methyl, isopropyl, and phenyl groups) reveals that Bu-Ir dimerization involves both strong homochiral self-sorting preference and connected thermo-/mechano-chromic behavior, which is based on matched propeller-shaped chirality and subtle steric repulsion between alkyl substituents that render the homochiral dimer switchable and metastable. These findings provide substantial insights into the emergence of dynamic functionality based on the rational design of discrete chiral assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Takimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takumi Shimada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nagura
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jonathan P Hill
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakanishi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yuge
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ishihara
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jan Labuta
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hisako Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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29
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Ikai T, Morita Y, Majima T, Takeda S, Ishidate R, Oki K, Suzuki N, Ohtani H, Aoi H, Maeda K, Okoshi K, Yashima E. Control of One-Handed Helicity in Polyacetylenes: Impact of an Extremely Small Amount of Chiral Substituents. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24862-24876. [PMID: 37930639 PMCID: PMC10825823 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the one-handed helicity in synthetic polymers is crucial for developing helical polymer-based advanced chiral materials. We now report that an extremely small amount of chiral biphenylylacetylene (BPA) monomers (ca. 0.3-0.5 mol %) allows complete control of the one-handed helicity throughout the polymer chains mostly composed of achiral BPAs. Chiral substituents introduced at the 2-position of the biphenyl units of BPA positioned in the vicinity of the polymer backbones contribute to a significant amplification of the helical bias, as interpreted by theoretical modeling and simulation. The helical structures, such as the helical pitch and absolute helical handedness (right- or left-handed helix) of the one-handed helical copolymers, were unambiguously determined by high-resolution atomic force microscopy combined with X-ray diffraction. The exceptionally strong helix-biasing power of the chiral BPA provides a highly durable and practically useful chiral material for the separation of enantiomers in chromatography by copolymerization of an achiral functional BPA with a small amount of the chiral BPA (0.5 mol %) due to the robust helical scaffold of the one-handed helical copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ikai
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Precursory
Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yuki Morita
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Majima
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shoki Takeda
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Ryoma Ishidate
- Department
of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kosuke Oki
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Nozomu Suzuki
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Department
of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hajime Ohtani
- Department
of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromi Aoi
- Department
of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Graduate
School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Nano
Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa
University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kento Okoshi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Bioscience, Chitose
Institute of Science and Technology, Chitose, Hokkaido 066-8655, Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department
of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Department
of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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30
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Wang L, Cheng Q, Hao A, Xing P. Biogenetic Chiral Deep Eutectic Solvents that Produce Self-Assembled Chiroptical Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313536. [PMID: 37750571 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) show particular properties compared to ionic liquids and other traditional organic solvents. Controlled synthesis of chiral materials in DESs is unprecedented due to the complex interplays between DESs and solutes. In this work, all bio-derived chiral DESs were prepared using choline chloride or cyclodextrin as hydrogen bonding acceptors and natural chiral acids as donors, which performed as chiral matrices for the rational synthesis of chiroptical materials by taking advantage of the efficient chirality transfer between the DESs and solutes. In a very selective manner, building units with molecular pockets could facilitate strong binding affinity towards chiral acid components of DESs disregarding the presence of competitive hydrogen bonding acceptors. Chirality transfer from DESs to nanoassemblies leads to chirality amplification in the presence of minimal amounts of entrapped chiral acids, thanks to the spontaneous symmetry breaking of solutes during aggregation. This work utilizes chiral DESs to control supramolecular chirality, and illustrates the structural basis for the fabrication of DES-based chiral materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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31
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Koo B, Kim C. Synthesis of Stereocontrolled Degradable Polymer by Living Cascade Enyne Metathesis Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312399. [PMID: 37737689 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
A stereocontrolled degradable polymer was synthesized via living cascade enyne metathesis polymerization. Highly stereodefined N,O-acetal-containing enyne monomers were prepared using the Pd-catalyzed hydroamination of alkoxyallenes and ring-closing metathesis. The resulting chiral polymer exhibited a narrow dispersity window. Block copolymers were prepared not only by sequentially adding nondegradable and degradable monomers but also by using enantiomerically different monomers to produce stereocontrolled blocks. Owing to the hydrolyzable N,O-acetal moiety in the backbone structure, the resulting polymer could degrade under acidic conditions generated using various acid concentrations to control the degradation. Additionally, the aza-Diels-Alder reaction modified the polymer without losing the stereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonwoo Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, 28644, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheoljae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, 28644, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Xu L, Zhou L, Li YX, Gao RT, Chen Z, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Thermo-responsive chiral micelles as recyclable organocatalyst for asymmetric Rauhut-Currier reaction in water. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7287. [PMID: 37949865 PMCID: PMC10638429 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing eco-friendly chiral organocatalysts with the combined advantages of homogeneous catalysis and heterogeneous processes is greatly desired. In this work, a family of amphiphilic one-handed helical polyisocyanides bearing phosphine pendants is prepared, which self-assembles into well-defined chiral micelles in water and showed thermo-responsiveness with a cloud point of approximately 38.4 °C. The micelles with abundant phosphine moieties at the interior efficiently catalyze asymmetric cross Rauhut-Currier reaction in water. Various water-insoluble substrates are transferred to target products in high yield with excellent enantioselectivity. The yield and enantiomeric excess (ee) of the product generated in water are up to 90% and 96%, respectively. Meanwhile, the yields of the same R-C reaction catalyzed by the polymer itself in organic solvents is <16%, with an ee < 72%. The homogeneous reaction of the chiral micelles in water turns to heterogeneous at temperatures higher than the cloud point, and the catalyst precipitation facilitates product isolation and catalyst recovery. The polymer catalyst is recycled 10 times while maintaining activity and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, 235000, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Yan-Xiang Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Run-Tan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Na Liu
- The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, 130021, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China.
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Liu N, Gao RT, Wu ZQ. Helix-Induced Asymmetric Self-Assembly of π-Conjugated Block Copolymers: From Controlled Syntheses to Distinct Properties. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2954-2967. [PMID: 37852202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Conspectusπ-Conjugated polymers have gained significant interest because of their potential applications in optoelectronics, bioelectronics, and other domains. The controlled synthesis of π-conjugated block polymers optimizes their performance and enables novel properties and functions. However, precise control of the self-assembled architectures of π-conjugated polymers remains a formidable challenge. Inspired by the precise helical architectures of biomacromolecules, the helical polymers and the supramolecular helical assemblies have gained significant attention. Helical polymers with an excess of one-handed helicity can be optically active with a strong tendency toward self-assembly. Incorporating a helical polymer into a π-conjugated polymer can induce asymmetric helical assemblies, leading to novel chiral materials with unique functionalities.To control the self-assembly of architectures, π-conjugated polymers are usually synthesized into block copolymers by incorporating a polymer with self-assembling characteristics. Although various π-conjugated block copolymers have been produced, precise and asymmetric self-assembly is still challenging and has rarely been addressed. Incorporating helical polymers into the π-conjugated polymers can induce a precise and asymmetric self-assembly, which transfers the chirality of the helical polymer block to the π-conjugated polymer, resulting in chiral supramolecular architectures with unique chiroptical properties and functionalities. However, synthesizing hybrid block copolymers containing two distinct polymer blocks is complicated. Some general strategies such as connecting the chain ends of two preformed homopolymers and extending the chain of a prefabricated π-conjugated polymer with a second monomer are time-consuming and require complex synthetic protocols. Therefore, developing novel strategies for the facile synthesis of π-conjugated block copolymers with a predictable molar mass, low dispersity, and tunable composition is of practical importance.Recently, we investigated a controlled synthesis of helical polyisocyanides, helical polyallenes, and helical polycarbenes by developing advanced Pd(II) and Ni(II) catalysts. These helical polymers were successfully incorporated into π-conjugated polymers, including polythiophene, polyfluorene, and poly(phenyleneethynylene), via a one-pot sequential living block polymerization of the two distinct monomers using Pd(II)- or Ni(II)-complexes as catalysts. As a result, a variety of well-defined π-conjugated block copolymers containing helical polymeric blocks were readily synthesized. Although the copolymerized monomers possess different structures and polymerization mechanisms, the one-pot block copolymerization followed a living polymerization mechanism and provided the desired π-conjugated block copolymers in high yields with controlled molar mass, narrow size distribution, and tunable composition.Remarkably, the helical polymeric block induces the π-conjugated block copolymer asymmetric self-assembly into a supramolecular, one-handed helical architecture resulting in distinct optical properties. More interestingly, by utilizing the crystallization of conjugated blocks and one-handed helical blocks, the crystallization-driven and helix-induced precise asymmetric living self-assembly yielded a family of uniform and single-handed helical architectures with controlled dimensions, narrow distribution, and well-defined helicity. The transfer of helical chirality to the supramolecular architectures rendered the achiral π-conjugated blocks with unique chiroptical properties such as the emission of white light over a broad optical spectrum and the circularly polarized luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Run-Tan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Ren L, Lu X, Li W, Yan J, Whittaker AK, Zhang A. Thermoresponsive Helical Dendronized Poly(phenylacetylene)s: Remarkable Stabilization of Their Helicity via Photo-Dimerization of the Dendritic Pendants. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37922243 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic helical polymers can change their helicity according to external stimuli due to the low helix-inversion barriers, while helicity stabilization for polymers is important for applications in chiral recognition or chiral separations. Here, we present a convenient methodology to stabilize dynamic helical conformations of polymers through intramolecular cross-linking. Thermoresponsive dendronized poly(phenylacetylene)s (PPAs) carrying 3-fold dendritic oligoethylene glycol pendants containing cinnamate moieties were synthesized. These polymers exhibit typical features of dynamic helical structures in different solvents, that is, racemic contracted conformations in less polar organic solvents and predominantly one-handed stretched helical conformations in highly polar solvents. This dynamic helicity can be enhanced through selective solvation by increasing the polarity of the organic solvents or simply via their thermally mediated dehydration in water. However, through photocycloaddition of the cinnamate moieties between the neighboring pendants via UV irradiation, these dendronized PPAs adopt stable helical conformations either below or above their phase transition temperatures in water, and their helical conformations can even be retained in less polar organic solvents. Spectroscopic and atomic force microscopy measurements demonstrate that photocycloaddition between the cinnamate moieties occurs on the individual molecular level, and this is found to be helpful in restraining the photodegradation of the PPA backbones. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the spatial orientation of the pendants along the rigid polyene backbone is crucial for the photodimerization of cinnamates within one helix pitch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxuan Ren
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xueting Lu
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wen Li
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiatao Yan
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Green Electrochemical Transformation of Carbon Dioxide, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Afang Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic and Smart Polymers, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
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Abstract
As an active branch within the field of supramolecular polymers, chiral supramolecular polymers (SPs) are an excellent benchmark to generate helical structures that can clarify the origin of homochirality in Nature or help determine new exciting functionalities of organic materials. Herein, we highlight the most utilized strategies to build up chiral SPs by using chiral monomeric units or external stimuli. Selected examples of transfer of asymmetry, in which the point or axial chirality contained by the monomeric units is efficiently transferred to the supramolecular scaffold yielding enantioenriched helical structures, will be presented. The importance of the thermodynamics and kinetics associated with those processes is stressed, especially the influence that parameters such as the helix reversal and mismatch penalties exert on the achievement of amplification of asymmetry in co-assembled systems will also be considered. Remarkable examples of breaking symmetry, in which chiral supramolecular polymers can be attained from achiral self-assembling units by applying external stimuli like stirring, solvent or light, are highlighted. Finally, the specific and promising applications of chiral supramolecular polymers are presented with recent relevant examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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36
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Ousaka N, MacLachlan MJ, Akine S. Stapling strategy for slowing helicity interconversion of α-helical peptides and isolating chiral auxiliary-free one-handed forms. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6834. [PMID: 37884515 PMCID: PMC10603036 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42493-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In nature, α-helical peptides adopt right-handed conformations that are dictated by L-amino acids. Isolating one-handed α-helical peptides composed of only achiral components remains a significant challenge. Here, this goal is achieved by optical resolution of the corresponding racemic (quasi-)static α-helical peptide with double stapling, which effectively freezes the interconversion between the right-handed (P)- and left-handed (M)-α-helices. An as-obtained doubly stapled analogue having an unprotected L-valine residue at the C-terminus transforms from a kinetically trapped (M)-α-helix to a thermodynamically stable (P)-α-helix upon heating. In contrast, the corresponding singly stapled α-helical peptide undergoes an acid/base-triggered and solvent-induced reversible inversion of its preferred helicity within minutes. The interconversion rates of the singly and doubly stapled α-helical peptide foldamers are approximately 106 and 1012 times slower, respectively, than that of a non-stapled dynamic helical peptide. Therefore, the enantiopure doubly-stapled (quasi-)static α-helical peptide would retain its optical activity for several years at 25 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ousaka
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Mark J MacLachlan
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Shigehisa Akine
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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37
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Fu J, Miao Y, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Meng L, Ni X, Shen J, Qi W. Polymer-Enabled Assembly of Au Nanoclusters with Luminescence Enhancement and Macroscopic Chirality. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13316-13324. [PMID: 37682809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The construction of macroscopic chiral luminescent aggregates with well-defined structures not only contributes to the development of functional materials but also has significant implications for analyzing chiral transfer and amplification in biological systems and self-assembly systems. Meanwhile, achieving water-soluble chiral metal nanoclusters (NCs) with high photoluminescence (PL) intensity through a convenient method remains a challenge. Herein, we reported the enhanced luminescence of gold nanoclusters stabilized by D-/L-penicillamine (D-/L-AuNCs) induced by poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) through supramolecular self-assembly strategies. FT-IR spectra and zeta potential measurements revealed that supramolecular assembly was driven by the synergistic effect of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions, which effectively limited the intramolecular vibration and rotation of the ligand and reduced nonradiative relaxation, thus improving the luminescence properties of nanoclusters. Interestingly, during the slow solvent evaporation process, chiral entanglement of assemblies was enhanced, forming macroscopic wheat-shaped superstructures. This study enriches the understanding of the self-assembly mechanism of nanoclusters and provides a pathway for constructing NC-based chiroptical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yujin Miao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- Shandong Copolymer Silicone Technology Research Institute, Weifang 261000, P. R. China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Shandong Copolymer Silicone Technology Research Institute, Weifang 261000, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Luyao Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jinglin Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, P. R. China
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38
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Yuan S, Zhao L, Wang F, Tan L, Wu D. Recent advances of optically active helical polymers as adsorbents and chiral stationary phases for chiral resolution. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300363. [PMID: 37480172 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Chiral resolution is very important and still a big challenge due to different biological activity and same physicochemical property of one pair (R)- and (S)-isomer. There is no doubt that chiral selectors are essentially needed for chiral resolution, which can stereoselectively interact with a pair of isomers. To date, a large amount of optically active helical polymers as chiral selectors have been synthesized via two strategies. First, the target helical polymers are derived from natural polysaccharide such as cellulose and amylose. Second, they can be synthesized by polymerization of chiral monomers. Alternatively, an achiral polymer is prepared first followed by static or dynamic chiral induction. Furthermore, a part of them is harnessed as chiral stationary phases for chromatographic chiral separation and as chiral adsorbents for enantioselective adsorption/crystallization, resulting in good enantioseparation efficiency. In summary, the present review will focus on recent progress of the polymers with optical activity for chiral resolution, especially the literature published in the past 10 years. In addition, development prospects and future challenges of optically active helical polymers will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fangqin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lilan Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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39
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Porsev VV, Evarestov RA. Current State of Computational Modeling of Nanohelicenes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2295. [PMID: 37630880 PMCID: PMC10458037 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This review considers the works that focus on various aspects of the theoretical description of nanohelicenes (other equivalent names are graphene spirals, graphene helicoid, helical graphene nanoribbon, or helical graphene)-a promising class of one-dimensional nanostructures. The intrinsic helical topology and continuous π-system lead to the manifestation of unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties that are also highly dependent on axial and torsion strains. In this paper, it was shown that the properties of nanohelicenes are mainly associated with the peripheral modification of the nanohelicene ribbon. We have proposed a nomenclature that enables the classification of all nanohelicenes as modifications of some prototype classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly V. Porsev
- Quantum Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State University, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Robert A. Evarestov
- Quantum Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State University, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
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40
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Wang X, Zhao B, Deng J. Liquid Crystals Doped with Chiral Fluorescent Polymer: Multi-Color Circularly Polarized Fluorescence and Room-Temperature Phosphorescence with High Dissymmetry Factor and Anti-Counterfeiting Application. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2304405. [PMID: 37505074 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Chiral nematic liquid crystals (N*-LCs) can tremendously amplify circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals. Doped emissive N*-LCs have been substantially explored. However, their CPL performances still need to be improved, mainly due to the unsatisfying helical twisting power (HTP) of commonly used chiral fluorescent dopants. Chiral fluorescent helical polymers (CFHPs) have outstanding optical activity and CPL performance. The present contribution reports the first success in constructing emissive N*-LCs by doping CFHP into nematic liquid crystals (5CB, N-LCs). The helical assembly structures of N*-LCs effectively amplify the CPL signals of the CFHP. Owing to the high HTP of CFHP, the selective reflection band of N*-LC can be adjusted to fully cover its emission band. A nearly pure CPL with a dissymmetry factor (glum ) up to -1.87 is realized at 9 wt% doping concentration. Taking advantage of the selective reflection mechanism, multi-color CPL-active N*-LCs with high glum are fabricated via further adding achiral fluorophores. Also noticeably, circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence with glum up to -1.57 is achieved. Anti-counterfeiting application is demonstrated by exploiting multi-mode optical characteristics of the created N*-LCs. The established strategy for constructing emissive N*-LCs provides a platform for future exploring of CPL-active N*-LCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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41
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Ma S, Zhao B, Deng J. Helical Polymer Working as a Chirality Amplifier to Generate and Modulate Multicolor Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Small Molecular Fluorophore/Polymer Composite Films. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1409-1418. [PMID: 37521789 PMCID: PMC10375879 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
In-depth studies of chirality and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have become indispensable in the process of learning human nature. Small molecules with CPL activity are one of the research hotspots. However, the CPL properties of such materials are generally not satisfying. Here, we synthesized a series of chiral small molecular fluorophores that cannot demonstrate CPL emission themselves. By introducing an optically inactive helical polymer, chirality transfer and chirality amplification efficiently occur, thereby generating intense CPL emission. Through combining different chiralized fluorophores, multicolor CPL-active films with emission wavelength centered at 463, 525, and 556 nm were fabricated, with the maximum luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) being up to -0.028. Then, benefiting from the strong CPL emission and appropriate energy donor-acceptor system, we further established a circularly polarized fluorescence-energy transfer (CPF-ET) strategy in which the CPL-active films work as a donor emitting circularly polarized fluorescence to excite an achiral fluorophore (Nile red) as the acceptor, producing red CPL with glum of up to -0.011 at around 605 nm.
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42
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Du W, Gao F, Cui P, Yu Z, Tong W, Wang J, Ren Z, Song C, Xu J, Ma H, Dang L, Zhang D, Lu Q, Jiang J, Wang J, Pi L, Sheng Z, Lu Q. Twisting, untwisting, and retwisting of elastic Co-based nanohelices. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4426. [PMID: 37481654 PMCID: PMC10363140 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The reversible transformation of a nanohelix is one of the most exquisite and important phenomena in nature. However, nanomaterials usually fail to twist into helical crystals. Considering the irreversibility of the previously studied twisting forces, the reverse process (untwisting) is more difficult to achieve, let alone the retwisting of the untwisted crystalline nanohelices. Herein, we report a new reciprocal effect between molecular geometry and crystal structure which triggers a twisting-untwisting-retwisting cycle for tri-cobalt salicylate hydroxide hexahydrate. The twisting force stems from competition between the condensation reaction and stacking process, different from the previously reported twisting mechanisms. The resulting distinct nanohelices give rise to unusual structure elasticity, as reflected in the reversible change of crystal lattice parameters and the mutual transformation between the nanowires and nanohelices. This study proposes a fresh concept for designing reversible processes and brings a new perspective in crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Cui
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, AnHui, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwu Yu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory and High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Jihao Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, AnHui, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory and High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Ren
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory and High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qingyou Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, AnHui, P. R. China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory and High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, AnHui, P. R. China.
| | - Junfeng Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
| | - Li Pi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, AnHui, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory and High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zhigao Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory and High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Qingyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China.
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43
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Wayment LJ, Wang X, Huang S, McCoy MS, Chen H, Hu Y, Jin Y, Sharma S, Zhang W. 3D Covalent Organic Framework as a Metastable Intermediate in the Formation of a Double-Stranded Helical Covalent Polymer. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37406308 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The design and development of intricate artificial architectures have been pursued for decades. Helical covalent polymer (HCP) was recently reported as an unexpected topology that consists of chiral 1D polymers assembled through weak hydrogen bonds from achiral building blocks. However, many questions remained about the formation, driving force, and the single-handedness observed in each crystal. In this work, we reveal a metastable, racemic, fully covalently cross-linked, 3D covalent organic framework (COF) as an intermediate in the early stage of polymerization, which slowly converts into single-handed HCP double helices through partial fragmentation and self-sorting with the aid of a series of hydrogen bonding. Our work provides an intriguing example where weak noncovalent bonds serve as the determining factor of the overall product structure and facilitate the formation of a sophisticated polymeric architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey J Wayment
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Xubo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Shaofeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Matthew S McCoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Hongxuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Yiming Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Yinghua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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44
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Zhao HY, Gou X, Pei YR, Jin LY. Chirality Amplification Over the Morphology Control of the Rod-Coil Molecules with Lateral Methyl Groups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37294904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the context of sustainable development, research regarding chirality has aroused enormous attention. Concurrently, chiral self-assembly is one of the most important subjects in supramolecular research, which can broaden the applications of chiral materials. This study focuses on the morphology control of amphiphilic rod-coil molecules composed of the rigid hexaphenyl unit and flexible oligoethylene and butoxy groups containing lateral methyl groups, carried out using an enantioseparation application. The methyl side chain being located on different blocks influences the driving force through steric hindrance, which determines the direction and degree of tilted packing during the π-π stacking of the self-assembly process. Interestingly, the amphiphilic rod-coil molecules aggregated into long helical nano-fibers, which further hierarchically aggregated into nano-sheets or nano-tubes upon increasing the concentration of the THF/H2O solution. In particular, the hierarchical-chiral assembly effectively amplified the chirality and was validated by the strong Cotton signals; playing a vital role in the enantioselective nucleophilic substitution reaction. These results provide new insights into the applications of chiral self-assemblies and soft chiral materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Gou
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Rong Pei
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
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45
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Rey-Tarrío F, Quiñoá E, Fernández G, Freire F. Multi-chiral materials comprising metallosupramolecular and covalent helical polymers containing five axial motifs within a helix. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3348. [PMID: 37291098 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular and covalent polymers share multiple structural effects such as communication mechanisms among monomer repeating units, which are related to their axial helical structure. Herein, a unique multi-helical material combining information from both metallosupramolecular and covalent helical polymers is presented. In this system, the helical structure described by the poly(acetylene) (PA) backbone (cis-cisoidal, cis-transoidal) guides the pendant groups in a fashion where a tilting degree emerges between a pendant and the adjacent ones. As a result, a multi-chiral material is formed comprising four or five axial motifs when the polyene skeleton adopts either a cis-transoidal or cis-cisoidal configuration: the two coaxial helices-internal and external-and the two or three chiral axial motifs described by the bispyridyldichlorido PtII complex array. These results show that complex multi-chiral materials can be obtained by polymerizing appropriate monomers that combine both point chirality and the ability to generate chiral supramolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rey-Tarrío
- Research Center in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Research Center in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- University of Münster, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Félix Freire
- Research Center in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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46
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Wang C, Deng R, Weck M. Orthogonal Supramolecular Assemblies Using Side-Chain Functionalized Helical Poly(isocyanide)s. Macromolecules 2023; 56:3507-3516. [PMID: 37251603 PMCID: PMC10210603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking the structure of proteins using synthetic polymers requires building blocks with structural similarity and the use of various noncovalent and dynamic covalent interactions. We report the synthesis of helical poly(isocyanide)s bearing diaminopyridine and pyridine side-chains and the multistep functionalization of the polymers' side-chains using hydrogen bonding and metal coordination. The orthogonality of the hydrogen bonding and metal coordination was proved by varying the sequence of the multistep assembly. The two side-chain functionalizations are reversible through the use of competitive solvents and/or competing ligands. Throughout the assembly and disassembly, the helical conformation of the polymer backbone is sustained as proved by circular dichroism spectroscopy. These results open the possibility to incorporate helical domains into complex polymer architectures and create a helical scaffold for smart materials.
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47
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Chung WT, Mekhemer IM, Mohamed MG, Elewa AM, EL-Mahdy AF, Chou HH, Kuo SW, Wu KCW. Recent advances in metal/covalent organic frameworks based materials: Their synthesis, structure design and potential applications for hydrogen production. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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48
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Roe WE, Warnock TMC, Knipe PC. A spirocyclic backbone accesses new conformational space in an extended, dipole-stabilized foldamer. Commun Chem 2023; 6:71. [PMID: 37069245 PMCID: PMC10110530 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Most aromatic foldamers adopt uniform secondary structures, offering limited potential for the exploration of conformational space and the formation of tertiary structures. Here we report the incorporation of spiro bis-lactams to allow controlled rotation of the backbone of an iteratively synthesised foldamer. This enables precise control of foldamer shape along two orthogonal directions, likened to the aeronautical yaw and roll axes. XRD, NMR and computational data suggest that homo-oligomers adopt an extended right-handed helix with a pitch of over 30 Å, approximately that of B-DNA. Compatibility with extant foldamers to form hetero-oligomers is demonstrated, allowing greater structural complexity and function in future hybrid foldamer designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Edward Roe
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Toyah Mary Catherine Warnock
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Peter Clarke Knipe
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
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49
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Ma S, Ma H, Yang K, Tan Z, Zhao B, Deng J. Intense Circularly Polarized Fluorescence and Room-Temperature Phosphorescence in Carbon Dots/Chiral Helical Polymer Composite Films. ACS NANO 2023; 17:6912-6921. [PMID: 37000903 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chiral carbon dots (C-dots) with a circularly polarized fluorescence (CPF) property have attracted tremendous attention due to their significant applications in chiral optoelectronics and theranostics. However, constructing circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescent (CPRTP) C-dots remains a great challenge. Herein, a strategy is established to achieve efficient CPF and CPRTP emissions in C-dots/chiral helical polymer bilayer composite film. Taking advantage of the chiral filter effect of chiral helical polymer, intense CPF and CPRTP emissions with large dissymmetric factors up to 1.4 × 10-1 and 1.2 × 10-2 are respectively obtained, even though there is only a simple interface contact between the C-dots layer and the chiral helical polymer layer. More importantly, white-color CPF emission and multiple information display and encryption are further realized based on the prepared chiral luminescent composite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huanyu Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhan'ao Tan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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50
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Morris DTJ, Clayden J. Screw sense and screw sensibility: communicating information by conformational switching in helical oligomers. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2480-2496. [PMID: 36928473 PMCID: PMC10068589 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00982j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems have evolved a number of different strategies to communicate information on the molecular scale. Among these, the propagation of conformational change is among the most important, being the means by which G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) use extracellular signals to modulate intracellular processes, and the way that opsin proteins translate light signals into nerve impulses. The developing field of foldamer chemistry has allowed chemists to employ conformationally well-defined synthetic structures likewise to mediate information transfer, making use of mechanisms that are not found in biological contexts. In this review, we discuss the use of switchable screw-sense preference as a communication mechanism. We discuss the requirements for functional communication devices, and show how dynamic helical foldamers derived from the achiral monomers such as α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) and meso-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine fulfil them by communicating information in the form of switchable screw-sense preference. We describe the various stimuli that can be used to switch screw sense, and explore the way that propagation of the resulting conformational preference in a well-defined helical molecule allows screw sense to control chemical events remote from a source of information. We describe the operation of these conformational switches in the membrane phase, and outline the progress that has been made towards using conformational switching to communicate between the exterior and interior of a phospholipid vesicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T J Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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