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Alsharif SM, Ismaeil M, Saeed AM, El-Sayed WS. Metagenomic 16S rRNA analysis and predictive functional profiling revealed intrinsic organohalides respiration and bioremediation potential in mangrove sediment. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:176. [PMID: 38778276 PMCID: PMC11110206 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mangrove sediment microbes are increasingly attracting scientific attention due to their demonstrated capacity for diverse bioremediation activities, encompassing a wide range of environmental contaminants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The microbial communities of five Avicennia marina mangrove sediment samples collected from Al Rayyis White Head, Red Sea (KSA), were characterized using Illumina amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. RESULTS Our study investigated the microbial composition and potential for organohalide bioremediation in five mangrove sediments from the Red Sea. While Proteobacteria dominated four microbiomes, Bacteroidetes dominated the fifth. Given the environmental concerns surrounding organohalides, their bioremediation is crucial. Encouragingly, we identified phylogenetically diverse organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) across all samples, including Dehalogenimonas, Dehalococcoides, Anaeromyxobacter, Desulfuromonas, Geobacter, Desulfomonile, Desulfovibrio, Shewanella and Desulfitobacterium. These bacteria are known for their ability to dechlorinate organohalides through reductive dehalogenation. PICRUSt analysis further supported this potential, predicting the presence of functional biomarkers for organohalide respiration (OHR), including reductive dehalogenases targeting tetrachloroethene (PCE) and 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetate in most sediments. Enrichment cultures studies confirmed this prediction, demonstrating PCE dechlorination by the resident microbial community. PICRUSt also revealed a dominance of anaerobic metabolic processes, suggesting the microbiome's adaptation to the oxygen-limited environment of the sediments. CONCLUSION This study provided insights into the bacterial community composition of five mangrove sediments from the Red Sea. Notably, diverse OHRB were detected across all samples, which possess the metabolic potential for organohalide bioremediation through reductive dehalogenation pathways. Furthermore, PICRUSt analysis predicted the presence of functional biomarkers for OHR in most sediments, suggesting potential intrinsic OHR activity by the enclosed microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan M Alsharif
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ismaeil
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ali M Saeed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael S El-Sayed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhang Z, Ali M, Tang Z, Sun Q, Wang Q, Liu X, Yin L, Yan S, Xu M, Coulon F, Song X. Unveiling complete natural reductive dechlorination mechanisms of chlorinated ethenes in groundwater: Insights from functional gene analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134034. [PMID: 38521036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Monitored natural attenuation (MNA) of chlorinated ethenes (CEs) has proven to be a cost-effective and environment-friendly approach for groundwater remediation. In this study, the complete dechlorination of CEs with formation of ethene under natural conditions, were observed at two CE-contaminated sites, including a pesticide manufacturing facility (PMF) and a fluorochemical plant (FCP), particularly in the deeply weathered bedrock aquifer at the FCP site. Additionally, a higher abundance of CE-degrading bacteria was identified with heightened dechlorination activities at the PMF site, compared to the FCP site. The reductive dehalogenase genes and Dhc 16 S rRNA gene were prevalent at both sites, even in groundwater where no CE dechlorination was observed. vcrA and bvcA was responsible for the complete dechlorination at the PMF and FCP site, respectively, indicating the distinct contributions of functional microbial species at each site. The correlation analyses suggested that Sediminibacterium has the potential to achieve the complete dechlorination at the FCP site. Moreover, the profiles of CE-degrading bacteria suggested that dechlorination occurred under Fe3+/sulfate-reducing and nitrate-reducing conditions at the PMF and FCP site, respectively. Overall these findings provided multi-lines of evidence on the diverse mechanisms of CE-dechlorination under natural conditions, which can provide valuable guidance for MNA strategies implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanxia Zhang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwen Tang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lipu Yin
- China State Science Dingshi Environmental Engineering CO., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Song Yan
- China State Science Dingshi Environmental Engineering CO., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Minmin Xu
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Sciences Co., LTD, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Frederic Coulon
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Xin Song
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Chen G, Yang Y, Yan J, Löffler FE. Metabolite cross-feeding enables concomitant catabolism of chlorinated methanes and chlorinated ethenes in synthetic microbial assemblies. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae090. [PMID: 38818735 PMCID: PMC11170663 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Isolate studies have been a cornerstone for unraveling metabolic pathways and phenotypical (functional) features. Biogeochemical processes in natural and engineered ecosystems are generally performed by more than a single microbe and often rely on mutualistic interactions. We demonstrate the rational bottom-up design of synthetic, interdependent co-cultures to achieve concomitant utilization of chlorinated methanes as electron donors and organohalogens as electron acceptors. Specialized anaerobes conserve energy from the catabolic conversion of chloromethane or dichloromethane to formate, H2, and acetate, compounds that the organohalide-respiring bacterium Dehalogenimonas etheniformans strain GP requires to utilize cis-1,2-dichloroethenene and vinyl chloride as electron acceptors. Organism-specific qPCR enumeration matched the growth of individual dechlorinators to the respective functional (i.e. dechlorination) traits. The metabolite cross-feeding in the synthetic (co-)cultures enables concomitant utilization of chlorinated methanes (i.e. chloromethane and dichloromethane) and chlorinated ethenes (i.e. cis-1,2-dichloroethenene and vinyl chloride) without the addition of an external electron donor (i.e. formate and H2). The findings illustrate that naturally occurring chlorinated C1 compounds can sustain anaerobic food webs, an observation with implications for the development of interdependent, mutualistic communities, the sustenance of microbial life in oligotrophic and energy-deprived environments, and the fate of chloromethane/dichloromethane and chlorinated electron acceptors (e.g. chlorinated ethenes) in pristine environments and commingled contaminant plumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Frank E Löffler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
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Xu G, Zhao S, Chen C, Zhang N, He J. Alleviating Chlorinated Alkane Inhibition on Dehalococcoides to Achieve Detoxification of Chlorinated Aliphatic Cocontaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15112-15122. [PMID: 37772791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Cocontamination by multiple chlorinated solvents is a prevalent issue in groundwater, presenting a formidable challenge for effective remediation. Despite the recognition of this issue, a comprehensive assessment of microbial detoxification processes involving chloroethenes and associated cocontaminants, along with the underpinning microbiome, remains absent. Moreover, strategies to mitigate the inhibitory effects of cocontaminants have not been reported. Here, we revealed that chloroform exhibited the most potent inhibitory effects, followed by 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 1,1,2-trichloroethane, on dechlorination of dichloroethenes (DCEs) in Dehalococcoides-containing consortia. The observed inhibition could be attributed to suppression of biosynthesis and enzymatic activity of reductive dehalogenases and growth of Dehalococcoides. Notably, cocontaminants more profoundly inhibited Dehalococcoides populations harboring the vcrA gene than those possessing the tceA gene, thereby explaining the accumulation of vinyl chloride under cocontaminant stress. Nonetheless, we successfully ameliorated cocontaminant inhibition by augmentation with Desulfitobacterium sp. strain PR owing to its ability to attenuate cocontaminants, resulting in concurrent detoxification of DCEs, trichloroethanes, and chloroform. Microbial community analyses demonstrated obvious alterations in taxonomic composition, structure, and assembly of the dechlorinating microbiome in the presence of cocontaminants, and introduction of strain PR reshaped the dechlorinating microbiome to be similar to its original state in the absence of cocontaminants. Altogether, these findings contribute to developing bioremediation technologies to clean up challenging sites polluted with multiple chlorinated solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Siyan Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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5
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Hnatko JP, Liu C, Elsey JL, Dong S, Fortner JD, Pennell KD, Abriola LM, Cápiro NL. Microbial Reductive Dechlorination by a Commercially Available Dechlorinating Consortium Is Not Inhibited by Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) at Field-Relevant Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37216485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) have been shown to inhibit biodegradation (i.e., organohalide respiration) of chlorinated ethenes. The potential negative impacts of PFAAs on microbial species performing organohalide respiration, particularly Dehalococcoides mccartyi (Dhc), and the efficacy of in situ bioremediation are a critical concern for comingled PFAA-chlorinated ethene plumes. Batch reactor (no soil) and microcosm (with soil) experiments, containing a PFAA mixture and bioaugmented with KB-1, were completed to assess the impact of PFAAs on chlorinated ethene organohalide respiration. In batch reactors, PFAAs delayed complete biodegradation of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) to ethene. Maximum substrate utilization rates (a metric for quantifying biodegradation rates) were fit to batch reactor experiments using a numerical model that accounted for chlorinated ethene losses to septa. Fitted values for cis-DCE and vinyl chloride biodegradation were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in batch reactors containing ≥50 mg/L PFAAs. Examination of reductive dehalogenase genes implicated in ethene formation revealed a PFAA-associated change in the Dhc community from cells harboring the vcrA gene to those harboring the bvcA gene. Organohalide respiration of chlorinated ethenes was not impaired in microcosm experiments with PFAA concentrations of 38.7 mg/L and less, suggesting that a microbial community containing multiple strains of Dhc is unlikely to be inhibited by PFAAs at lower, environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Hnatko
- Environmental Resources Management (ERM), Boston, Massachusetts 02108, United States
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Jack L Elsey
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Sheng Dong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - John D Fortner
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Kurt D Pennell
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Linda M Abriola
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Natalie L Cápiro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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6
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Wu Z, Man Q, Niu H, Lyu H, Song H, Li R, Ren G, Zhu F, Peng C, Li B, Ma X. Recent advances and trends of trichloroethylene biodegradation: A critical review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1053169. [PMID: 36620007 PMCID: PMC9813602 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1053169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a ubiquitous chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon (CAH) in the environment, which is a Group 1 carcinogen with negative impacts on human health and ecosystems. Based on a series of recent advances, the environmental behavior and biodegradation process on TCE biodegradation need to be reviewed systematically. Four main biodegradation processes leading to TCE biodegradation by isolated bacteria and mixed cultures are anaerobic reductive dechlorination, anaerobic cometabolic reductive dichlorination, aerobic co-metabolism, and aerobic direct oxidation. More attention has been paid to the aerobic co-metabolism of TCE. Laboratory and field studies have demonstrated that bacterial isolates or mixed cultures containing Dehalococcoides or Dehalogenimonas can catalyze reductive dechlorination of TCE to ethene. The mechanisms, pathways, and enzymes of TCE biodegradation were reviewed, and the factors affecting the biodegradation process were discussed. Besides, the research progress on material-mediated enhanced biodegradation technologies of TCE through the combination of zero-valent iron (ZVI) or biochar with microorganisms was introduced. Furthermore, we reviewed the current research on TCE biodegradation in field applications, and finally provided the development prospects of TCE biodegradation based on the existing challenges. We hope that this review will provide guidance and specific recommendations for future studies on CAHs biodegradation in laboratory and field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhineng Wu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Quanli Man
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hanyu Niu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Haokun Song
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongji Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Gengbo Ren
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fujie Zhu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chu Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Benhang Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Xiaodong Ma,
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Contrasting regulatory effects of organic acids on aerobic vinyl chloride biodegradation in etheneotrophs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:6335-6346. [PMID: 36056199 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vinyl chloride (VC) is a common groundwater pollutant generated during anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated solvents (e.g., trichloroethene (TCE) or tetrachloroethene (PCE)). Aerobic VC biodegradation by etheneotrophs can support anaerobic PCE and TCE bioremediation to achieve complete removal in situ. However, anaerobic bioremediation strategies necessitate biostimulation with electron donors that are fermented in situ, generating organic acids that could influence aerobic VC biodegradation processes. We examined the effect of organic acids (lactate, acetate, propionate, and butyrate) on aerobic VC biodegradation by VC-assimilating etheneotrophs Mycobacterium strain JS60 and Nocardioides strain JS614. Strain JS60 grew on all organic acids tested, while strain JS614 did not respond to lactate. VC-grown strain JS60 fed VC and one or more organic acids showed carbon catabolite repression (CCR) behavior where VC biodegradation occurred only after organic acids were depleted. In contrast, CCR was not evident in VC-grown strain JS614, which degraded VC and organic acids simultaneously. Acetate-grown JS60 showed similar CCR behavior when fed VC and a single organic acid, except that extended lag periods (5-12 days) occurred before VC oxidation ensued. Acetate-grown JS614 fed VC and either acetate or butyrate displayed 5-8 day lag periods before simultaneous VC and organic acid biodegradation. In contrast, acetate-grown JS614 degraded VC and propionate without a significant lag, suggesting a regulatory link between propionate and VC oxidation in JS614. Different global regulatory mechanisms controlling VC biodegradation in the presence of organic acids in etheneotrophs have implications for developing combined anaerobic-aerobic bioremediation strategies at chlorinated ethene-contaminated sites. KEY POINTS: • With organic acids present, VC utilization was repressed in JS60, but not in JS614 • Strain JS60 grew readily on lactate, while strain JS614 did not • Propionate alleviated lag periods for VC utilization in acetate-grown JS614.
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Tang Z, Song X, Xu M, Yao J, Ali M, Wang Q, Zeng J, Ding X, Wang C, Zhang Z, Liu X. Effects of co-occurrence of PFASs and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons on microbial communities in groundwater: A field study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128969. [PMID: 35472535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) co-contamination on the microbial community in the field have not been studied. In this study, we evaluated the presence of PFASs and CAHs in groundwater collected from a fluorochemical plant (FCP), and carried out Illumina MiSeq sequencing to understand the impact of mixed PFASs and CAHs on the indigenous microbial community. The sum concentrations of 20 PFASs in FCP groundwater ranged from 2.05 to 317.40 μg/L, and the highest PFOA concentration was observed in the deep aquifer (60 m below ground surface), co-contaminated by dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL). The existence of PFASs and CAHs co-contamination in groundwater resulted in a considerable decrease in the diversity of microbial communities, while the abundance of metabolisms associated with contaminants biodegradation has increased significantly compared to the background wells. Furthermore, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Arthrobacter were the dominant genera in PFASs and CAHs co-contaminated groundwater. The presence of high concentrations of PFASs and CAHs has been positively associated with the genus of Citreitalea. Finally, geochemical parameters, such as ORP, sulfate and nitrate were the key factors to shape up the structure of the microbial community and sources to rich the abundance of the potential functional bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Minmin Xu
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Sciences Co., LTD, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Jin Yao
- Zhongke Hualu Soil Remediation Engineering Co., LTD, Dezhou 253500, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Congjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhuanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Enhanced perchloroethene dechlorination by humic acids via increasing the dehalogenase activity of Dehalococcoides strains. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6555029. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Perchloroethene (PCE) is a widely used chlorinated solvent. PCE is toxic to humans and has been identified as an environmental contaminant at thousands of sites worldwide. Several Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains can transform PCE to ethene, and thus contribute to bioremediation of contaminated sites. Humic acids (HA) are ubiquitous redox-active compounds of natural aquatic and soil systems and have been intensively studied because of their effect in electron transfer. In this study, we observed the dechlorination of PCE was accelerated by HA in mixed cultures containing Dehalococcoides strains. Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid (AQDS), a humic acid analogue, inhibited PCE dechlorination in our cultures and thus induced an opposite effect on PCE dehalogenation than HA. We observed the same effect on PCE dechlorination with the pure culture of Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain CBDB1. Not only in mixed cultures but also in pure cultures, growth of Dehalococcoides was not influenced by HA but inhibited by AQDS. Enzymatic activity tests confirmed the dehalogenating activity of strain CBDB1 was increased by HA, especially when using hydrogen as electron donor. We conclude that HA enhanced PCE dechlorination by increasing the reaction speed between hydrogen and the dehalogenase enzyme rather than acting as electron shuttle through its quinone moieties.
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10
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Li F, Deng D, Zeng L, Abrams S, Li M. Sequential anaerobic and aerobic bioaugmentation for commingled groundwater contamination of trichloroethene and 1,4-dioxane. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145118. [PMID: 33610989 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated solvents, notably trichloroethene (TCE), and the cyclic ether stabilizer, 1,4-dioxane (dioxane), have been frequently detected commingling in contaminated aquifers. Here we developed a sequential anaerobic and aerobic treatment strategy effective to mitigate the co-contamination of TCE and dioxane, particularly when dioxane is present at ppb levels relevant to many impacted sites. After the primary anaerobic treatment by a halorespiring consortium SDC-9, TCE was effectively removed, though lingering less-chlorinated metabolites, vinyl chloride (VC) and cis-dichloroethene (cDCE). Subsequent aerobic bioaugmentation with Azoarcus sp. DD4, a cometabolic dioxane degrader, demonstrated the ability of DD4 to degrade dioxane at an initial concentration of 20 μg/L to below 0.4 μg/L and its dominance (~7%) in microcosms fed with propane. Even better, DD4 can also transform VC and cDCE in tandem, though cDCE and VC at relatively high concentrations (e.g., 1 mg/L) posed inhibition to propane assimilation and cell growth of DD4. Mutagenesis of DD4 revealed group-2 toluene monooxygenase and group-5 propane monooxygenase are responsible for cDCE and VC co-oxidation, respectively. Overall, we demonstrated the feasibility of a treatment train combining reductive dehalogenation and aerobic co-oxidation processes in tandem to not only effectively clean up prevalent co-contamination of TCE and dioxane at trace levels but also mitigate persistent products (e.g., cDCE and VC) when complete reductive dehalogenation of less-chlorinated ethenes occurs slowly in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Daiyong Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Lingke Zeng
- Langan Engineering, Parsippany, NJ 07054, USA
| | | | - Mengyan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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11
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Kruse S, Türkowsky D, Birkigt J, Matturro B, Franke S, Jehmlich N, von Bergen M, Westermann M, Rossetti S, Nijenhuis I, Adrian L, Diekert G, Goris T. Interspecies metabolite transfer and aggregate formation in a co-culture of Dehalococcoides and Sulfurospirillum dehalogenating tetrachloroethene to ethene. THE ISME JOURNAL 2021; 15:1794-1809. [PMID: 33479489 PMCID: PMC8163811 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-00887-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities involving dehalogenating bacteria assist in bioremediation of areas contaminated with halocarbons. To understand molecular interactions between dehalogenating bacteria, we co-cultured Sulfurospirillum multivorans, dechlorinating tetrachloroethene (PCE) to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE), and Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains BTF08 or 195, dehalogenating PCE to ethene. The co-cultures were cultivated with lactate as electron donor. In co-cultures, the bacterial cells formed aggregates and D. mccartyi established an unusual, barrel-like morphology. An extracellular matrix surrounding bacterial cells in the aggregates enhanced cell-to-cell contact. PCE was dehalogenated to ethene at least three times faster in the co-culture. The dehalogenation was carried out via PceA of S. multivorans, and PteA (a recently described PCE dehalogenase) and VcrA of D. mccartyi BTF08, as supported by protein abundance. The co-culture was not dependent on exogenous hydrogen and acetate, suggesting a syntrophic relationship in which the obligate hydrogen consumer D. mccartyi consumes hydrogen and acetate produced by S. multivorans. The cobamide cofactor of the reductive dehalogenase-mandatory for D. mccartyi-was also produced by S. multivorans. D. mccartyi strain 195 dechlorinated cDCE in the presence of norpseudo-B12 produced by S. multivorans, but D. mccartyi strain BTF08 depended on an exogenous lower cobamide ligand. This observation is important for bioremediation, since cofactor supply in the environment might be a limiting factor for PCE dehalogenation to ethene, described for D. mccartyi exclusively. The findings from this co-culture give new insights into aggregate formation and the physiology of D. mccartyi within a bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kruse
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Department of Applied and Ecological Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Dominique Türkowsky
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Birkigt
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bruna Matturro
- grid.435629.f0000 0004 1755 3971Water Research Institute, IRSA-CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Steffi Franke
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany ,Present Address: Eurofins Institute Dr. Appelt Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Westermann
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Center for Electron Microscopy of the University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Rossetti
- grid.435629.f0000 0004 1755 3971Water Research Institute, IRSA-CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- grid.6734.60000 0001 2292 8254Chair of Geobiotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriele Diekert
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Department of Applied and Ecological Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Goris
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Department of Applied and Ecological Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany ,grid.418213.d0000 0004 0390 0098Present Address: German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department Molecular Toxicology, Research Group Intestinal Microbiology, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
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Walaszek M, Cary L, Billon G, Blessing M, Bouvet-Swialkowski A, George M, Criquet J, Mossmann JR. Dynamics of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the Chalk aquifer of northern France. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143742. [PMID: 33221002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Chalk aquifer used for drinking-water production in the southwest of the Lille European Metropolis is threatened by the presence of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CHCs), their concentrations in groundwater regularly exceeding the regulatory limits for drinking water in France. This hinders its use for drinking-water production. Understanding the dynamics and spatial distribution of CHC in the aquifer is a key factor for resource sustainability. For that purpose, an intensive monitoring was undertaken in several well fields and at different depths over eight years. To assess a possible migration and/or degradation of the compounds, the water column in several wells was sampled at various depths with passive samplers. Furthermore, CHC degradation mechanisms were investigated with compound-specific carbon-isotope analysis. The CHC concentrations and their distributions in the area depend on past and current industrial activity, causing plumes emphasized by pumping in the wells, such plumes being multi-source with no identified origin in most wells. In the south area of Les Ansereuilles, reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethylene from a former industrial laundry highly impacted the surrounding area with its main degradation product cis-1,2-dichloroethylene. The same area is also affected by tetrachlroroethylene from several industrial laundries, textile factories and dyeing industries with also an anaerobic degradation. In the northern part of Les Ansereuilles, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene and 1,1-dichloroethylene were found as primary products, whereas cis-1,2-dichloroethylene appears to be an anaerobic degradation product of TCE. The other well fields (Houplin-Ancoisne, Seclin and Emmerin) are less impacted by CHC pollution, and it was shown that no CHC degradation occurred in the wells. However, the stratification of CHCs in the well-water columns, their constant concentration values over time caused by the large amount of available CHCs, and the minor degradation occurring in wells are of concern for water operators in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Walaszek
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Lille F-59000, France; BRGM (French Geological Survey), 59810 Lesquin, France
| | - Lise Cary
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), 59810 Lesquin, France.
| | - Gabriel Billon
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Lille F-59000, France
| | | | | | - Melinda George
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Justine Criquet
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Lille F-59000, France
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13
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Abstract
The urgent need to replace fossil fuels has seen macroalgae advancing as a potential feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The natural methane productivity (dry weight per hectare) of seaweeds is greater than in many terrestrial plant systems. As part of their defence systems, seaweeds, unlike terrestrial plants, produce a range of halogenated secondary metabolites, especially chlorinated and brominated compounds. Some orders of brown seaweeds also accumulate iodine, up to 1.2% of their dry weight. Fluorine remains rather unusual within the chemical structure. Halogenated hydrocarbons have moderate to high toxicities. In addition, halogenated organic compounds constitute a large group of environmental chemicals due to their extensive use in industry and agriculture. In recent years, concerns over the environmental fate and release of these halogenated organic compounds have resulted in research into their biodegradation and the evidence emerging shows that many of these compounds are more easily degraded under strictly anaerobic conditions compared to aerobic biodegradation. Biosorption via seaweed has become an alternative to the existing technologies in removing these pollutants. Halogenated compounds are known inhibitors of methane production from ruminants and humanmade anaerobic digesters. The focus of this paper is reviewing the available information on the effects of halogenated organic compounds on anaerobic digestion.
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14
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Ding C, Rogers MJ, He J. Dehalococcoides mccartyi Strain GEO12 Has a Natural Tolerance to Chloroform Inhibition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:8750-8759. [PMID: 32551613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cocontamination by chloroform and chloroethenes often confounds bioremediation efforts. Here, we describe Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain GEO12 that dechlorinates trichloroethene to ethene in 14 μM (1.6 mg·L-1) chloroform. The same chloroform concentration effectively inhibited dechlorination in Dehalococcoides strains ANAS2, 11a, and BAV1. Successive transfers of strain GEO12 in increasing concentrations of chloroform led to culture GEO12CF that tolerated 83 μM (10 mg·L-1) chloroform. The genome of strain GEO12 revealed seven reductive dehalogenase homologous (rdh) genes, including tceA and vcrA. Transcriptional analyses showed that chloroform (45 μM; 5.3 mg·L-1) in culture GEO12CF enhanced the transcription of tceA to a statistically significant degree (the median increase was 55.4 transcripts per 104 16S rRNA, CI95% = [12.9, 125]). The increase of vcrA transcripts in the presence of chloroform (45 μM; 5.3 mg·L-1) in culture GEO12CF was not statistically significant because the CI95% range spanned 0 (the median increase was 109 transcripts per 104 16S rRNA, CI95% = [-13.6, 246]). Inhibition of dehalogenation by chloroform is often seen in Dehalococcoides, but the mechanism remains unknown. Our results suggest that culture GEO12CF may overcome chloroform inhibition by rdh upregulation. The chloroform-adapted culture GEO12CF provides insights into the metabolic flexibility of Dehalococcoides and could be used to fight chloroethene contamination where chloroform is a cocontaminant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ding
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Matthew J Rogers
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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15
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Hydrochemical Conditions for Aerobic/Anaerobic Biodegradation of Chlorinated Ethenes—A Multi-Site Assessment. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A stall of cis-1,2-DCE and vinyl chloride (VC) is frequently observed during bioremediation of groundwater chloroethenes via reductive dechlorination. These chloroethenes may be oxidised by aerobic methanotrophs or ethenotrophs co-metabolically and/or metabolically. We assessed the potential for such oxidation at 12 sites (49 groundwater samples) using hydrochemical and molecular biological tools. Both ethenotroph (etnC and etnE) and methanotroph (mmoX and pmoA) functional genes were identified in 90% of samples, while reductive dehalogenase functional genes (vcrA and bvcA) were identified in 82%. All functional genes were simultaneously detected in 78% of samples, in actively biostimulated sites in 88% of samples. Correlation analysis revealed that cis-1,2-DCE concentration was positively correlated with vcrA, etnC and etnE, while VC concentration was correlated with etnC, etnE, vcrA and bvcA. However, feature selection based on random forest classification indicated a significant relationship for the vcrA in relation to cis-1,2-DCE, and vcrA, bvcA and etnE for VC and no prove of relationship between cis-1,2-DCE or VC and the methanotroph functional genes. Analysis of hydrochemical parameters indicated that aerobic oxidation of chloroethenes by ethenotrophs may take place under a range of redox conditions of aquifers and coincide with high ethene and VC concentrations.
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16
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Mineralization versus fermentation: evidence for two distinct anaerobic bacterial degradation pathways for dichloromethane. ISME JOURNAL 2020; 14:959-970. [PMID: 31907367 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0579-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dichloromethane (DCM) is an anthropogenic pollutant with ozone destruction potential that is also formed naturally. Under anoxic conditions, fermentation of DCM to acetate and formate has been reported in axenic culture Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum, and to acetate, H2 and CO2 in mixed culture RM, which harbors the DCM degrader 'Candidatus Dichloromethanomonas elyunquensis'. RM cultures produced 28.1 ± 2.3 μmol of acetate from 155.6 ± 9.3 μmol DCM, far less than the one third (i.e., about 51.9 µmol) predicted based on the assumed fermentation model, and observed in cultures of Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum. Temporal metabolite analyses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that no 13C-labeled acetate was formed in 13C-DCM-grown RM cultures, indicating acetate was not a direct product of DCM metabolism. The data were reconciled with DCM mineralization and H2 consumption via CO2 reduction to acetate and methane by homoacetogenic and methanogenic partner populations, respectively. In contrast, Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum produced 13C-labeled acetate and formate from 13C-DCM, consistent with a fermentation pathway. Free energy change calculations predicted that organisms with the mineralization pathway are the dominant DCM consumers in environments with H2 <100 ppmv. These findings have implications for carbon and electron flow in environments where DCM is introduced through natural production processes or anthropogenic activities.
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Marozava S, Meyer AH, Pérez-de-Mora A, Gharasoo M, Zhuo L, Wang H, Cirpka OA, Meckenstock RU, Elsner M. Mass Transfer Limitation during Slow Anaerobic Biodegradation of 2-Methylnaphthalene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9481-9490. [PMID: 31262174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sviatlana Marozava
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Armin H. Meyer
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alfredo Pérez-de-Mora
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mehdi Gharasoo
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- University of Waterloo, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ecohydrology, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lin Zhuo
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - He Wang
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olaf A. Cirpka
- University of Tübingen, Center for Applied Geoscience, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rainer U. Meckenstock
- University Duisburg-Essen, Biofilm Centre, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Marchioninistrasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
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18
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Borden RC, Richardson SD, Bodour AA. Enhanced reductive dechlorination of trichloroethene in an acidic DNAPL impacted aquifer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 237:617-628. [PMID: 30831431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A field pilot test was conducted using an emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) and colloidal magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] formulation to enhance reductive dechlorination of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) trichloroethene (TCE) in an acidic (pH < 4), heterogeneous aquifer. The field test consisted of i) a single well injection test to evaluate Mg(OH)2 distribution and ii) installation of two EVO-Mg(OH)2 permeable reactive barriers (PRBs; PRB-1 & PRB-2) at varying distances downgradient of the DNAPL source area. Distribution of Mg(OH)2 was observed up to 2.3 m away from the injection point within a permeable coarse sand layer; however, Mg(OH)2 transport in the overlying clayey-silty sand was minimal. Downgradient of the PRBs, colloidal Mg(OH)2 increased the pH of the coarse sand to levels appropriate for biological reductive dechlorination (pH >∼5); however, some settling of Mg(OH)2 in the injection wells generated persistent high pH (∼9-10) within the PRBs. A redesigned suspension of colloidal Mg(OH)2 was tested and proved to be more effective at raising aquifer pH without an excessive rise in pH within the PRBs. At PRB-1 (located closest to the DNAPL source area), limited TCE biodegradation was observed due to the influx of high TCE concentrations (up to 400 mg/L) and inhibition of dechlorinating bacteria. At PRB-2 (located 25 m downgradient of the DNAPL source area), TCE concentrations were much lower (13-26 mg/L) and production of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE) and some vinyl chloride (VC) was observed. Subsequent bioaugmentation with a commercial dechlorinating culture at PRB-2 improved conversion of cDCE to VC and ethene at downgradient monitoring wells over the duration of the study. These results emphasize the importance of PRB location (relative to the DNAPL source), base selection for pH adjustment, source strength, and local heterogeneities for the design and long-term performance of ERD in acidic DNAPL-impacted aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adria A Bodour
- Air Force Civil Engineer Center, San Antonio, TX 78136, United States
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19
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Hermon L, Hellal J, Denonfoux J, Vuilleumier S, Imfeld G, Urien C, Ferreira S, Joulian C. Functional Genes and Bacterial Communities During Organohalide Respiration of Chloroethenes in Microcosms of Multi-Contaminated Groundwater. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:89. [PMID: 30809199 PMCID: PMC6379275 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcosm experiments with CE-contaminated groundwater from a former industrial site were set-up to evaluate the relationships between biological CE dissipation, dehalogenase genes abundance and bacterial genera diversity. Impact of high concentrations of PCE on organohalide respiration was also evaluated. Complete or partial dechlorination of PCE, TCE, cis-DCE and VC was observed independently of the addition of a reducing agent (Na2S) or an electron donor (acetate). The addition of either 10 or 100 μM PCE had no effect on organohalide respiration. qPCR analysis of reductive dehalogenases genes (pceA, tceA, vcrA, and bvcA) indicated that the version of pceA gene found in the genus Dehalococcoides [hereafter named pceA(Dhc)] and vcrA gene increased in abundance by one order of magnitude during the first 10 days of incubation. The version of the pceA gene found, among others, in the genus Dehalobacter, Sulfurospirillum, Desulfuromonas, and Geobacter [hereafter named pceA(Dhb)] and bvcA gene showed very low abundance. The tceA gene was not detected throughout the experiment. The proportion of pceA(Dhc) or vcrA genes relative to the universal 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene increased by up to 6-fold upon completion of cis-DCE dissipation. Sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons indicated that the abundance of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) affiliated to dehalogenating genera Dehalococcoides, Sulfurospirillum, and Geobacter represented more than 20% sequence abundance in the microcosms. Among organohalide respiration associated genera, only abundance of Dehalococcoides spp. increased up to fourfold upon complete dissipation of PCE and cis-DCE, suggesting a major implication of Dehalococcoides in CEs organohalide respiration. The relative abundance of pceA and vcrA genes correlated with the occurrence of Dehalococcoides and with dissipation extent of PCE, cis-DCE and CV. A new type of dehalogenating Dehalococcoides sp. phylotype affiliated to the Pinellas group, and suggested to contain both pceA(Dhc) and vcrA genes, may be involved in organohalide respiration of CEs in groundwater of the study site. Overall, the results demonstrate in situ dechlorination potential of CE in the plume, and suggest that taxonomic and functional biomarkers in laboratory microcosms of contaminated groundwater following pollutant exposure can help predict bioremediation potential at contaminated industrial sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Hermon
- Geomicrobiology and Environmental Monitoring Unit, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), Orléans, France.,CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Genomics and Microbiology, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jennifer Hellal
- Geomicrobiology and Environmental Monitoring Unit, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), Orléans, France
| | - Jérémie Denonfoux
- Service Recherche, Développement et Innovation-Communautés Microbiennes, GenoScreen, SAS, Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Vuilleumier
- CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Genomics and Microbiology, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gwenaël Imfeld
- CNRS/EOST, LHyGeS UMR 7517, Laboratory of Hydrology and Geochemistry of Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Charlotte Urien
- Service Recherche, Développement et Innovation-Communautés Microbiennes, GenoScreen, SAS, Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Ferreira
- Service Recherche, Développement et Innovation-Communautés Microbiennes, GenoScreen, SAS, Lille, France
| | - Catherine Joulian
- Geomicrobiology and Environmental Monitoring Unit, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), Orléans, France
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20
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Herrero J, Puigserver D, Nijenhuis I, Kuntze K, Carmona JM. Combined use of ISCR and biostimulation techniques in incomplete processes of reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated solvents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 648:819-829. [PMID: 30138882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jofre Herrero
- Department of Minerology, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona, Carrer Martí Franquès SN, Barcelona, Spain..
| | - Diana Puigserver
- Department of Minerology, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona, Carrer Martí Franquès SN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry (ISOBIO), UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kevin Kuntze
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry (ISOBIO), UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - José M Carmona
- Department of Minerology, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona, Carrer Martí Franquès SN, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Rodríguez-Fernández D, Torrentó C, Palau J, Marchesi M, Soler A, Hunkeler D, Domènech C, Rosell M. Unravelling long-term source removal effects and chlorinated methanes natural attenuation processes by C and Cl stable isotopic patterns at a complex field site. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:286-296. [PMID: 30029110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of contaminant sources removal in 2005 (i.e. barrels, tank, pit and wastewater pipe sources) on carbon tetrachloride (CT) and chloroform (CF) concentration in groundwater were assessed at several areas of a fractured multi-contaminant aquifer (Òdena, Spain) over a long-term period (2010-2014). Changes in redox conditions, in these chlorinated methanes (CMs) concentration and in their carbon isotopic compositions (δ13C) were monitored in multilevel wells. δ13C values from these wells were compared to those obtained from sources (barrels, tank and pit before their removal, 2002-2005) and to commercial solvents values in literature. Additionally, CMs natural attenuation processes were identified by C-Cl isotope slopes (Λ). Analyses revealed the downstream migration of the pollutant focus and an efficient removal of DNAPLs in the pit source's influence area. However, the removal of the contaminated soil from former tank and wastewater pipe was incomplete as leaching from unsaturated zone was proved, evidencing these areas are still active sources. Nevertheless, significant CMs degradation was detected close to all sources and Λ values pointed to different reactions. For CT in the tank area, Λ value fitted with hydrogenolysis pathway although other possible reduction processes were also uncovered. Near the wastewater pipe area, CT thiolytic reduction combined with hydrogenolysis was derived. The highest CT degradation extent accounted for these areas was 72 ± 11% and 84 ± 6%, respectively. For CF, the Λ value in the pit source's area was consistent with oxidation and/or with transport of CF affected by alkaline hydrolysis from upstream interception trenches. In contrast, isotope data evidenced CF reduction in the tank and wastewater pipe influence areas, although the observed Λ slightly deviates from the reference values, likely due to the continuous leaching of CF degraded in the non-saturated zone by a mechanism different from reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rodríguez-Fernández
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Clara Torrentó
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Palau
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit: Hydrogeology Group (UPC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Massimo Marchesi
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Politecnico di Milano, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Albert Soler
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Hunkeler
- Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Domènech
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Rosell
- Grup MAiMA, Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Pérez-de-Mora A, Lacourt A, McMaster ML, Liang X, Dworatzek SM, Edwards EA. Chlorinated Electron Acceptor Abundance Drives Selection of Dehalococcoides mccartyi ( D. mccartyi) Strains in Dechlorinating Enrichment Cultures and Groundwater Environments. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:812. [PMID: 29867784 PMCID: PMC5968391 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dehalococcoides mccartyi (D. mccartyi) strains differ primarily from one another by the number and identity of the reductive dehalogenase homologous catalytic subunit A (rdhA) genes within their respective genomes. While multiple rdhA genes have been sequenced, the activity of the corresponding proteins has been identified in only a few cases. Examples include the enzymes whose substrates are groundwater contaminants such as trichloroethene (TCE), cis-dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC). The associated rdhA genes, namely tceA, bvcA, and vcrA, along with the D. mccartyi 16S rRNA gene are often used as biomarkers of growth in field samples. In this study, we monitored an additional 12 uncharacterized rdhA sequences identified in the metagenome in the mixed D. mccartyi-containing culture KB-1 to monitor population shifts in more detail. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were developed for 15 D. mccartyi rdhA genes and used to measure population diversity in 11 different sub-cultures of KB-1, each enriched on different chlorinated ethenes and ethanes. The proportion of rdhA gene copies relative to D. mccartyi 16S rRNA gene copies revealed the presence of multiple distinct D. mccartyi strains in each culture, many more than the two strains inferred from 16S rRNA analysis. The specific electron acceptor amended to each culture had a major influence on the distribution of D. mccartyi strains and their associated rdhA genes. We also surveyed the abundance of rdhA genes in samples from two bioaugmented field sites (Canada and United Kingdom). Growth of the dominant D. mccartyi strain in KB-1 was detected at the United Kingdom site. At both field sites, the measurement of relative rdhA abundances revealed D. mccartyi population shifts over time as dechlorination progressed from TCE through cDCE to VC and ethene. These shifts indicate a selective pressure of the most abundant chlorinated electron acceptor, as was also observed in lab cultures. These results also suggest that reductive dechlorination at contaminated sites is brought about by multiple strains of D. mccartyi whether or not the site is bioaugmented. Understanding the driving forces behind D. mccartyi population selection and activity is improving predictability of remediation performance at chlorinated solvent contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Pérez-de-Mora
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry, Department of Environmental Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Lacourt
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Xiaoming Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Elizabeth A Edwards
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Fallgren PH, Eisenbeis JJ, Jin S. In situ electrochemical manipulation of oxidation-reduction potential in saturated subsurface matrices. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:517-523. [PMID: 29346016 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1422951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Application of a low-intensity electric field is known to influence oxidation-reduction (redox) potential in a saturated matrix. In this study, such redox manipulation was attempted in at a site with contaminated aquifer. At the experiment field site, electrodes connected to a direct current (DC) source provided an electric field with an intensity of 1.82 V m-1. Redox potentials at locations 3.0 m and 7.9 m from the cathode decreased by 111 mV and 33 mV within a few hours, respectively, indicating that reducing conditions in the aquifer may be established within the electric field. Overall, it is possible to manipulate in situ redox potential in saturated subsurface matrices by applying low-intensity electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Fallgren
- a Advanced Environmental Technologies, LLC , Fort Collins , Colorado , USA
| | | | - Song Jin
- a Advanced Environmental Technologies, LLC , Fort Collins , Colorado , USA
- c Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering , University of Wyoming , Laramie , Wyoming , USA
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24
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Němeček J, Steinová J, Špánek R, Pluhař T, Pokorný P, Najmanová P, Knytl V, Černík M. Thermally enhanced in situ bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated solvents - A field test. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:743-755. [PMID: 29223901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In situ bioremediation (ISB) using reductive dechlorination is a widely accepted but relatively slow approach compared to other technologies for the treatment of groundwater contaminated by chlorinated ethenes (CVOCs). Due to the known positive kinetic effect on microbial metabolism, thermal enhancement may be a viable means of accelerating ISB. We tested thermally enhanced ISB in aquifers situated in sandy saprolite and underlying fractured granite. The system comprised pumping, heating and subsequent injection of contaminated groundwater aiming at an aquifer temperature of 20-30°C. A fermentable substrate (whey) was injected in separate batches. The test was monitored using hydrochemical and molecular tools (qPCR and NGS). The addition of the substrate and increase in temperature resulted in a rapid increase in the abundance of reductive dechlorinators (e.g., Dehalococcoides mccartyi, Dehalobacter sp. and functional genes vcrA and bvcA) and a strong increase in CVOC degradation. On day 34, the CVOC concentrations decreased by 87% to 96% in groundwater from the wells most affected by the heating and substrate. On day 103, the CVOC concentrations were below the LOQ resulting in degradation half-lives of 5 to 6days. Neither an increase in biomarkers nor a distinct decrease in the CVOC concentrations was observed in a deep well affected by the heating but not by the substrate. NGS analysis detected Chloroflexi dechlorinating genera (Dehalogenimonas and GIF9 and MSBL5 clades) and other genera capable of anaerobic metabolic degradation of CVOCs. Of these, bacteria of the genera Acetobacterium, Desulfomonile, Geobacter, Sulfurospirillum, Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium were stimulated by the substrate and heating. In contrast, groundwater from the deep well (affected by heating only) hosted representatives of aerobic metabolic and aerobic cometabolic CVOC degraders. The test results document that heating of the treated aquifer significantly accelerated the treatment process but only in the case of an abundant substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Němeček
- ENACON s.r.o., Krčská 16, CZ-140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Steinová
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Špánek
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pluhař
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pokorný
- ENACON s.r.o., Krčská 16, CZ-140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Najmanová
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Knytl
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
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25
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Weatherill JJ, Atashgahi S, Schneidewind U, Krause S, Ullah S, Cassidy N, Rivett MO. Natural attenuation of chlorinated ethenes in hyporheic zones: A review of key biogeochemical processes and in-situ transformation potential. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 128:362-382. [PMID: 29126033 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated ethenes (CEs) are legacy contaminants whose chemical footprint is expected to persist in aquifers around the world for many decades to come. These organohalides have been reported in river systems with concerning prevalence and are thought to be significant chemical stressors in urban water ecosystems. The aquifer-river interface (known as the hyporheic zone) is a critical pathway for CE discharge to surface water bodies in groundwater baseflow. This pore water system may represent a natural bioreactor where anoxic and oxic biotransformation process act in synergy to reduce or even eliminate contaminant fluxes to surface water. Here, we critically review current process understanding of anaerobic CE respiration in the competitive framework of hyporheic zone biogeochemical cycling fuelled by in-situ fermentation of natural organic matter. We conceptualise anoxic-oxic interface development for metabolic and co-metabolic mineralisation by a range of aerobic bacteria with a focus on vinyl chloride degradation pathways. The superimposition of microbial metabolic processes occurring in sediment biofilms and bulk solute transport delivering reactants produces a scale dependence in contaminant transformation rates. Process interpretation is often confounded by the natural geological heterogeneity typical of most riverbed environments. We discuss insights from recent field experience of CE plumes discharging to surface water and present a range of practical monitoring technologies which address this inherent complexity at different spatial scales. Future research must address key dynamics which link supply of limiting reactants, residence times and microbial ecophysiology to better understand the natural attenuation capacity of hyporheic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siavash Atashgahi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Schneidewind
- Department of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Sami Ullah
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Michael O Rivett
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK; GroundH(2)O Plus Ltd., Quinton, Birmingham, UK
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26
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Liang Y, Liu X, Singletary MA, Wang K, Mattes TE. Relationships between the Abundance and Expression of Functional Genes from Vinyl Chloride (VC)-Degrading Bacteria and Geochemical Parameters at VC-Contaminated Sites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12164-12174. [PMID: 28981261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of vinyl chloride (VC) contamination in groundwater could be mediated by three major bacterial guilds: anaerobic VC-dechlorinators, methanotrophs, and ethene-oxidizing bacteria (etheneotrophs) via metabolic or cometabolic pathways. We collected 95 groundwater samples across 6 chlorinated ethene-contaminated sites and searched for relationships among VC biodegradation gene abundance and expression and site geochemical parameters (e.g., VC concentrations). Functional genes from the three major VC-degrading bacterial guilds were present in 99% and expressed in 59% of the samples. Etheneotroph and methanotroph functional gene abundances ranged from 102 to 109 genes per liter of groundwater among the samples with VC reductive dehalogenase gene (bvcA and vcrA) abundances reaching 108 genes per liter of groundwater. Etheneotroph functional genes (etnC and etnE) and VC reductive dehalogenase genes (bvcA and vcrA) were strongly related to VC concentrations (p < 0.001). Methanotroph functional genes (mmoX and pmoA) were not related to VC concentration (p > 0.05). Samples from sites with bulk VC attenuation rates >0.08 year-1 contained higher levels of etheneotroph and anaerobic VC-dechlorinator functional genes and transcripts than those with bulk VC attenuation rates <0.004 year-1. We conclude that both etheneotrophs and anaerobic VC-dechlorinators have the potential to simultaneously contribute to VC biodegradation at these sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael A Singletary
- NAVFAC Southeast, EV3 Environmental Restoration Building 135, Naval Air Station Jacksonville, Florida 32508, United States
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27
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Leitner S, Reichenauer TG, Watzinger A. Determination of carbon isotope enrichment factors of cis-dichloroethene after precursor amendment. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:1699-1708. [PMID: 28805260 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Bacterial reductive dechlorination of the groundwater contaminant tetrachloroethene (PCE) involves the formation of lower chlorinated metabolites. Metabolites can be instantaneously formed and consumed in this sequential process; quantification and validation of their isotopic effects conventionally rely on separate laboratory microcosm studies. Here, we present an evaluation method enabling the determination of the carbon isotope enrichment factor (ε) for the intermediate cis-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) by a single laboratory microcosm study initially amending the precursor PCE only. METHODS Environmental samples harboring organohalide-respiring bacteria were incubated under anaerobic conditions and then successively and repeatedly amended with PCE and cis-DCE in two separate laboratory microcosm studies. Reductive dechlorination was monitored by analyzing liquid samples using Purge-and-Trap gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry GC/MS-C/IRMS. The prerequisites of the presented evaluation method are mass and δ-value balancing. The evaluation method was validated by agglomerative hierarchical classification of Rayleigh plot data points. RESULTS The sample-sensitive range of εcis-DCE extended from -10.6 ± 0.2‰ to -26.8 ± 0.6‰ (R2 ≥98%). The maximum standard deviations of εcis-DCE were ±1.8‰ for single microcosms, ±1.8‰ for replicates and ±1.0‰ for the compiled replicate data of PCE and cis-DCE amendments. A linear regression of the εcis-DCE for replicates obtained by each amendment study showed a slope of 95% (5 of the 7 data points are within a 95% confidence interval), demonstrating factor congruency and the practicability of the evaluation method. CONCLUSIONS We found metabolite degradation and formation to be sequential but also stepwise during bacterial reductive dechlorination. The stepwise phases of the degradation of the intermediate eliminate the impact of instantaneous precursor degradation. These stepwise sections were used to determine εcis-DCE -values. Our results showed the validity of εcis-DCE -values over a wide range at initial precursor degradation (PCE). The presented evaluation method could substantially decrease lab costs for microcosm studies designed for εcis-DCE determinations. Moreover, the results indicated that the evaluation method can be applied to other PCE-metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Leitner
- Center for Energy, Environmental Resources and Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Thomas G Reichenauer
- Center for Energy, Environmental Resources and Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Andrea Watzinger
- Center for Energy, Environmental Resources and Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
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28
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Munro JE, Kimyon Ö, Rich DJ, Koenig J, Tang S, Low A, Lee M, Manefield M, Coleman NV. Co-occurrence of genes for aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of dichloroethane in organochlorine-contaminated groundwater. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2017; 93:4494361. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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29
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Němeček J, Dolinová I, Macháčková J, Špánek R, Ševců A, Lederer T, Černík M. Stratification of chlorinated ethenes natural attenuation in an alluvial aquifer assessed by hydrochemical and biomolecular tools. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1157-1167. [PMID: 28672697 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular and hydrochemical tools were used to evaluate natural attenuation of chlorinated ethenes in a Quaternary alluvial aquifer located close to a historical source of large-scale tetrachloroethylene (PCE) contamination. Distinct stratification of redox zones was observed, despite the aquifer's small thickness (2.8 m). The uppermost zone of the target aquifer was characterised by oxygen- and nitrate-reducing conditions, with mixed iron- to sulphate-reducing conditions dominant in the lower zone, along with indications of methanogenesis. Natural attenuation of PCE was strongly influenced by redox heterogeneity, while higher levels of PCE degradation coincided with iron- to sulphate reducing conditions. Next generation sequencing of the middle and/or lower zones identified anaerobic bacteria (Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes) associated with reductive dechlorination. The relative abundance of dechlorinators (Dehalococcoides mccartyi, Dehalobacter sp.) identified by real-time PCR in soil from the lower levels supports the hypothesis that there is a significant potential for reductive dechlorination of PCE. Local conditions were insufficiently reducing for rapid complete dechlorination of PCE to harmless ethene. For reliable assessment of natural attenuation, or when designing monitoring or remedial systems, vertical stratification of key biological and hydrochemical markers should be analysed as standard, even in shallow aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Němeček
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic; ENACON s.r.o., Krčská 16, CZ-140 00, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Iva Dolinová
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Macháčková
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Špánek
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Ševců
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Lederer
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
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30
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Yoshikawa M, Zhang M, Toyota K. Biodegradation of Volatile Organic Compounds and Their Effects on Biodegradability under Co-Existing Conditions. Microbes Environ 2017; 32:188-200. [PMID: 28904262 PMCID: PMC5606688 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me16188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are major pollutants that are found in contaminated sites, particularly in developed countries such as Japan. Various microorganisms that degrade individual VOCs have been reported, and genomic information related to their phylogenetic classification and VOC-degrading enzymes is available. However, the biodegradation of multiple VOCs remains a challenging issue. Practical sites, such as chemical factories, research facilities, and illegal dumping sites, are often contaminated with multiple VOCs. In order to investigate the potential of biodegrading multiple VOCs, we initially reviewed the biodegradation of individual VOCs. VOCs include chlorinated ethenes (tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene, and vinyl chloride), BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene), and chlorinated methanes (carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and dichloromethane). We also summarized essential information on the biodegradation of each kind of VOC under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, together with the microorganisms that are involved in VOC-degrading pathways. Interactions among multiple VOCs were then discussed based on concrete examples. Under conditions in which multiple VOCs co-exist, the biodegradation of a VOC may be constrained, enhanced, and/or unaffected by other compounds. Co-metabolism may enhance the degradation of other VOCs. In contrast, constraints are imposed by the toxicity of co-existing VOCs and their by-products, catabolite repression, or competition between VOC-degrading enzymes. This review provides fundamental, but systematic information for designing strategies for the bioremediation of multiple VOCs, as well as information on the role of key microorganisms that degrade VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Yoshikawa
- Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST).,Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Ming Zhang
- Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Koki Toyota
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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31
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Vickstrom KE, Azizian MF, Semprini L. Transformation of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform by trichloroethene respiring anaerobic mixed cultures and supernatant. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:65-75. [PMID: 28494362 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon tetrachloride (CT) and chloroform (CF) were transformed in batch reactor experiments conducted with anaerobic dechlorinating cultures and supernatant (ADC + S) harvested from continuous flow reactors. The Evanite (EV) and Victoria/Stanford (VS) cultures, capable of respiring trichloroethene (TCE), 1,2-cis-dichloroethene (cDCE), and vinyl chloride (VC) to ethene (ETH), were grown in continuous flow reactors receiving an influent feed of saturated TCE (10 mM; 60 mEq) and formate (45 mM; 90 mEq) but no CT or CF. Cells and supernatant were harvested from the chemostats and inoculated into batch reactors at the onset of each experiment. CT transformation was complete following first order kinetics with CF, DCM and CS2 as the measurable transformation products, representing 20-40% of the original mass of CT, with CO2 likely the unknown transformation product. CF was transformed to DCM and likely CO2 at an order of magnitude rate lower than CT, while DCM was not further transformed. An analytical first order model including multiple key reactions effectively simulated CT transformation, product formation and transformation, and provided reasonable estimates of transformation rate coefficients. Biotic and abiotic treatments indicated that CT was mainly transformed via abiotic processes. However, the presence of live cells was associated with the transformation of CF to DCM. In biotic tests both TCE and CT were simultaneously transformed, with TCE transformed to ETH and approximately 15-53% less CF formed via CT transformation. A 14-day exposure to CF (CFmax = 1.4 μM) reduced all rates of chlorinated ethene respiration by a factor of 10 or greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle E Vickstrom
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, 102 Gleeson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Mohammad F Azizian
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, 102 Gleeson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Lewis Semprini
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, 102 Gleeson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
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32
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Azizian MF, Semprini L. Simultaneous anaerobic transformation of carbon tetrachloride to carbon dioxide and tetrachloroethene to ethene in a continuous flow column. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2017; 203:93-103. [PMID: 28716488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous anaerobic transformation of tetrachloroethene (PCE) and carbon tetrachloride (CT) was evaluated in a continuous flow column. The column was packed with quartz sand and bioaugmented with the Evanite culture (EV) that is capable of transforming PCE to ethene. Azizian and Semprini (2016) reported that PCE and CT could be simultaneously transformed in the column, with PCE (0.1mM) transformed mainly to ethene and CT (0.015mM) to chloroform (CF) (20%) and an unknown transformation product, likely carbon dioxide (CO2). The fermentation of propionate, formed from lactate fermentation, was inhibited after the transformation of CT, likely from the exposure to CF. Reported here is the second phase of that study where a second bioaugmentation of the EV culture was made to reintroduce a lactate and propionate fermenting population to the column. Effective lactate and propionate fermentation were restored with a H2 concentration of ~25nM maintained in the column effluent. PCE (0.1mM) was effectively transformed to ethene (~98%) and vinyl chloride (VC) (~2%). Unlabeled CT (0.015 to 0.03mM) was completely transformed with a transient build-up of CF and chloromethane (CM), which were subsequently removed below their detection limits. A series of transient tests were initiated through the addition of carbon-13 labeled CT (13CT), with concentrations gradually increased from 0.03 to 0.10mM. GC-MS analysis of the column effluent showed that 13C labeled CO2 (13CO2) was formed, ranging from 82 to 93% of the 13CT transformed, with the transient increases in 13CO2 associated with the increased concentration of 13CT. A modified COD analysis indicated a lesser amount of 13CT (18%) was transformed to soluble products, while 13CO2 represented 82% the 13CT transformed. In a final transient test, the influent lactate concentration was decreased from 1.1 to 0.67mM. The transformation of both CT and PCE changed dramatically. Only 59% of the 13CT was transformed, primarily to CF. 13CO2 concentrations gradually decreased to background levels, indicating CO2 was no longer a transformation product. PCE transformation resulted in the following percentage of products formed: cDCE (60%), VC (36%), and ethene (4%). Incomplete propionate fermentation was also observed, consistent with the build-up of CF and the decrease in H2 concentrations to approximately 2nM. The results clearly demonstrate that high concentrations of CT were transformed to CO2, and effective PCE dehalogenation to ethene was maintained when excess lactate was fed and propionate was effectively fermented. However, when the lactate concentration was reduced, both PCE and CT transformation and propionate fermentation were negatively impacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad F Azizian
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, 116 Johnson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
| | - Lewis Semprini
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, 116 Johnson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
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Torrentó C, Palau J, Rodríguez-Fernández D, Heckel B, Meyer A, Domènech C, Rosell M, Soler A, Elsner M, Hunkeler D. Carbon and Chlorine Isotope Fractionation Patterns Associated with Different Engineered Chloroform Transformation Reactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:6174-6184. [PMID: 28482655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To use compound-specific isotope analysis for confidently assessing organic contaminant attenuation in the environment, isotope fractionation patterns associated with different transformation mechanisms must first be explored in laboratory experiments. To deliver this information for the common groundwater contaminant chloroform (CF), this study investigated for the first time both carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation for three different engineered reactions: oxidative C-H bond cleavage using heat-activated persulfate, transformation under alkaline conditions (pH ∼ 12) and reductive C-Cl bond cleavage by cast zerovalent iron, Fe(0). Carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation values were -8 ± 1‰ and -0.44 ± 0.06‰ for oxidation, -57 ± 5‰ and -4.4 ± 0.4‰ for alkaline hydrolysis (pH 11.84 ± 0.03), and -33 ± 11‰ and -3 ± 1‰ for dechlorination, respectively. Carbon and chlorine apparent kinetic isotope effects (AKIEs) were in general agreement with expected mechanisms (C-H bond cleavage in oxidation by persulfate, C-Cl bond cleavage in Fe(0)-mediated reductive dechlorination and E1CB elimination mechanism during alkaline hydrolysis) where a secondary AKIECl (1.00045 ± 0.00004) was observed for oxidation. The different dual carbon-chlorine (Δδ13C vs Δδ37Cl) isotope patterns for oxidation by thermally activated persulfate and alkaline hydrolysis (17 ± 2 and 13.0 ± 0.8, respectively) vs reductive dechlorination by Fe(0) (8 ± 2) establish a base to identify and quantify these CF degradation mechanisms in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Torrentó
- Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics, Université de Neuchâtel , 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Grup de Mineralogia Aplicada i Geoquímica de Fluids, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franques s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Palau
- Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics, Université de Neuchâtel , 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Grup de Mineralogia Aplicada i Geoquímica de Fluids, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franques s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Rodríguez-Fernández
- Grup de Mineralogia Aplicada i Geoquímica de Fluids, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franques s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benjamin Heckel
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Armin Meyer
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Domènech
- Grup de Mineralogia Aplicada i Geoquímica de Fluids, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franques s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Rosell
- Grup de Mineralogia Aplicada i Geoquímica de Fluids, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franques s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Soler
- Grup de Mineralogia Aplicada i Geoquímica de Fluids, Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Martí Franques s/n, Universitat de Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martin Elsner
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich , Marchioninistrasse 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Hunkeler
- Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics, Université de Neuchâtel , 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Mortan SH, Martín-González L, Vicent T, Caminal G, Nijenhuis I, Adrian L, Marco-Urrea E. Detoxification of 1,1,2-trichloroethane to ethene in a bioreactor co-culture of Dehalogenimonas and Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 331:218-225. [PMID: 28273571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA) is a non-flammable organic solvent and common environmental contaminant in groundwater. Organohalide-respiring bacteria are key microorganisms to remediate 1,1,2-TCA because they can gain metabolic energy during its dechlorination under anaerobic conditions. However, all current isolates produce hazardous end products such as vinyl chloride, monochloroethane or 1,2-dichloroethane that accumulate in the medium. Here, we constructed a syntrophic co-culture of Dehalogenimonas and Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains to achieve complete detoxification of 1,1,2-TCA to ethene. In this co-culture, Dehalogenimonas transformed 1,1,2-TCA via dihaloelimination to vinyl chloride, whereas Dehalococcoides reduced vinyl chloride via hydrogenolysis to ethene. Molasses, pyruvate, and lactate supported full dechlorination of 1,1,2-TCA in serum bottle co-cultures. Scale up of the cultivation to a 5-L bioreactor operating for 76d in fed-batch mode was successful with pyruvate as substrate. This synthetic combination of bacteria with known complementary metabolic capabilities demonstrates the potential environmental relevance of microbial cooperation to detoxify 1,1,2-TCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hatijah Mortan
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Martín-González
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Vicent
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Caminal
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC) CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Department Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ernest Marco-Urrea
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Dolinová I, Štrojsová M, Černík M, Němeček J, Macháčková J, Ševců A. Microbial degradation of chloroethenes: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:13262-13283. [PMID: 28378313 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by chloroethenes has a severe negative effect on both the environment and human health. This has prompted intensive remediation activity in recent years, along with research into the efficacy of natural microbial communities for degrading toxic chloroethenes into less harmful compounds. Microbial degradation of chloroethenes can take place either through anaerobic organohalide respiration, where chloroethenes serve as electron acceptors; anaerobic and aerobic metabolic degradation, where chloroethenes are used as electron donors; or anaerobic and aerobic co-metabolic degradation, with chloroethene degradation occurring as a by-product during microbial metabolism of other growth substrates, without energy or carbon benefit. Recent research has focused on optimising these natural processes to serve as effective bioremediation technologies, with particular emphasis on (a) the diversity and role of bacterial groups involved in dechlorination microbial processes, and (b) detection of bacterial enzymes and genes connected with dehalogenation activity. In this review, we summarise the different mechanisms of chloroethene bacterial degradation suitable for bioremediation and provide a list of dechlorinating bacteria. We also provide an up-to-date summary of primers available for detecting functional genes in anaerobic and aerobic bacteria degrading chloroethenes metabolically or co-metabolically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Dolinová
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Štrojsová
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Němeček
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Macháčková
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Ševců
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
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Daghio M, Aulenta F, Vaiopoulou E, Franzetti A, Arends JBA, Sherry A, Suárez-Suárez A, Head IM, Bestetti G, Rabaey K. Electrobioremediation of oil spills. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 114:351-370. [PMID: 28279880 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Annually, thousands of oil spills occur across the globe. As a result, petroleum substances and petrochemical compounds are widespread contaminants causing concern due to their toxicity and recalcitrance. Many remediation strategies have been developed using both physicochemical and biological approaches. Biological strategies are most benign, aiming to enhance microbial metabolic activities by supplying limiting inorganic nutrients, electron acceptors or donors, thus stimulating oxidation or reduction of contaminants. A key issue is controlling the supply of electron donors/acceptors. Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) have emerged, in which an electrical current serves as either electron donor or acceptor for oil spill bioremediation. BES are highly controllable and can possibly also serve as biosensors for real time monitoring of the degradation process. Despite being promising, multiple aspects need to be considered to make BES suitable for field applications including system design, electrode materials, operational parameters, mode of action and radius of influence. The microbiological processes, involved in bioelectrochemical contaminant degradation, are currently not fully understood, particularly in relation to electron transfer mechanisms. Especially in sulfate rich environments, the sulfur cycle appears pivotal during hydrocarbon oxidation. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the research on bioelectrochemical remediation of oil spills and of the key parameters involved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Daghio
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy.
| | - Federico Aulenta
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Eleni Vaiopoulou
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Jan B A Arends
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Angela Sherry
- School of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Ana Suárez-Suárez
- School of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Ian M Head
- School of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Giuseppina Bestetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Microbial reductive dehalogenation of trihalomethanes by a Dehalobacter-containing co-culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5481-5492. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8236-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mayer-Blackwell K, Fincker M, Molenda O, Callahan B, Sewell H, Holmes S, Edwards EA, Spormann AM. 1,2-Dichloroethane Exposure Alters the Population Structure, Metabolism, and Kinetics of a Trichloroethene-Dechlorinating Dehalococcoides mccartyi Consortium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:12187-12196. [PMID: 27809491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as perchloroethene and trichloroethene can result in the accumulation of the undesirable intermediate vinyl chloride. Such accumulation can either be due to the absence of specific vinyl chloride respiring Dehalococcoides mccartyi or to the inhibition of such strains by the metabolism of other microorganisms. The fitness of vinyl chloride respiring Dehalococcoides mccartyi subpopulations is particularly uncertain in the presence of chloroethene/chloroethane cocontaminant mixtures, which are commonly found in contaminated groundwater. Therefore, we investigated the structure of Dehalococcoides populations in a continuously fed reactor system under changing chloroethene/ethane influent conditions. We observed that increasing the influent ratio of 1,2-dichloroethane to trichloroethene was associated with ecological selection of a tceA-containing Dehalococcoides population relative to a vcrA-containing Dehalococcoides population. Although both vinyl chloride and 1,2-dichloroethane could be simultaneously transformed to ethene, prolonged exposure to 1,2-dichloroethane diminished the vinyl chloride transforming capacity of the culture. Kinetic tests revealed that dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane by the consortium was strongly inhibited by cis-dichloroethene but not vinyl chloride. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry revealed that a trichloroethene reductive dehalogenase (TceA) homologue was the most consistently expressed of four detectable reductive dehalogenases during 1,2-dichloroethane exposure, suggesting that it catalyzes the reductive dihaloelimination of 1,2-dichloroethane to ethene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koshlan Mayer-Blackwell
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Maeva Fincker
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Olivia Molenda
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Benjamin Callahan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Holly Sewell
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Susan Holmes
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Edwards
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Alfred M Spormann
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Statistics, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, and ⊥Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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Puigserver D, Herrero J, Torres M, Cortés A, Nijenhuis I, Kuntze K, Parker BL, Carmona JM. Reductive dechlorination in recalcitrant sources of chloroethenes in the transition zone between aquifers and aquitards. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:18724-41. [PMID: 27314420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the transition zone between aquifers and basal aquitards, the perchloroethene pools at an early time in their evolution are more recalcitrant than those elsewhere in the aquifer. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the biodegradation of chloroethenes from aged pools (i.e., pools after decades of continuous groundwater flushing and dissolution) of perchloroethene is favored in the transition zone. A field site was selected where an aged pool exists at the bottom of a transition zone. Two boreholes were drilled to obtain sediment and groundwater samples to perform chemical, isotopic, molecular, and clone library analyses and microcosm experiments. The main results were as follows: (i) the transition zone is characterized by a high microbial richness; (ii) reductively dechlorinating microorganisms are present and partial reductive dechlorination coexists with denitrification, Fe and Mn reduction, and sulfate reduction; (iii) reductively dechlorinating microorganisms were also present in the zone of the aged pool; (v) the high concentrations of perchloroethene in this zone resulted in a decrease in microbial richness; (vi) however, the presence of fermenting microorganisms supplying electrons for the reductively dechlorinating microorganisms prevented the reductive dechlorination to be inhibited. These findings suggest that biostimulation and/or bioaugmentation could be applied to promote complete reductive dechlorination and to enhance the dissolution of more nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Puigserver
- Department de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jofre Herrero
- Department de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Torres
- Department de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo Cortés
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n., 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Permoserstrasse 15., 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kevin Kuntze
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Permoserstrasse 15., 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beth L Parker
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50, Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - José M Carmona
- Department de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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40
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Kocur CMD, Lomheim L, Molenda O, Weber KP, Austrins LM, Sleep BE, Boparai HK, Edwards EA, O'Carroll DM. Long-Term Field Study of Microbial Community and Dechlorinating Activity Following Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Stabilized Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Injection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7658-7670. [PMID: 27305345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) is an emerging technology for the remediation of contaminated sites. However, there are concerns related to the impact of nZVI on in situ microbial communities. In this study, the microbial community composition at a contaminated site was monitored over two years following the injection of nZVI stabilized with carboxymethyl cellulose (nZVI-CMC). Enhanced dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes to nontoxic ethene was observed long after the expected nZVI oxidation. The abundance of Dehalococcoides (Dhc) and vinyl chloride reductase (vcrA) genes, monitored using qPCR, increased by over an order of magnitude in nZVI-CMC-impacted wells. The entire microbial community was tracked using 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. Following nZVI-CMC injection, a clear shift in microbial community was observed, with most notable increases in the dechlorinating genera Dehalococcoides and Dehalogenimonas. This study suggests that coupled abiotic degradation (i.e., from reaction with nZVI) and biotic degradation fueled by CMC led to the long-term degradation of chlorinated ethenes at this field site. Furthermore, nZVI-CMC addition stimulated dehalogenator growth (e.g., Dehalococcoides) and biotic degradation of chlorinated ethenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M D Kocur
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Western University , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada , N6A 5B8
- CH2M HILL Canada Limited , 72 Victoria Street Kitchener, Ontario, Canada , N2G 4Y9
| | - Line Lomheim
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , M5S 3E5
| | - Olivia Molenda
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , M5S 3E5
| | - Kela P Weber
- Environmental Sciences Group, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada , PO Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston, Ontario, Canada , K7K 7B4
| | - Leanne M Austrins
- CH2M HILL Canada Limited , 72 Victoria Street Kitchener, Ontario, Canada , N2G 4Y9
| | - Brent E Sleep
- Civil Engineering, University of Toronto , 35 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , M5S 1A4
| | - Hardiljeet K Boparai
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Western University , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada , N6A 5B8
| | - Elizabeth A Edwards
- Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , M5S 3E5
| | - Denis M O'Carroll
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Western University , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada , N6A 5B8
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Azizian MF, Semprini L. Simultaneous anaerobic transformation of tetrachloroethene and carbon tetrachloride in a continuous flow column. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2016; 190:58-68. [PMID: 27183341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) and carbon tetrachloride (CT) were simultaneously transformed in a packed column that was bioaugmented with the Evanite culture (EV). The data presented here have been obtained over a period of 1930days. Initially the column was continuously fed synthetic groundwater with PCE (0.1mM), sulfate (SO4(2-)) (0.2mM) and formate (2.1mM) or lactate (1.1mM), but not CT. In these early stages of the study the effluent H2 concentrations ranged from 7 to 19nM, and PCE was transformed to ethene (ETH) (81 to 85%) and vinyl chloride (VC) (11 to 17%), and SO4(2-) was completely reduced when using either lactate or formate as electron donors. SO4(2-) reduction occurred concurrently with cis-DCE and VC dehalogenation. Formate was a more effective substrate for promoting dehalogenation based on electron donor utilization efficiency. Simultaneous PCE and CT tests found CT (0.015mM) was completely transformed with 20% observed as chloroform (CF) and trace amounts of chloromethane (CM) and dichloromethane (DCM), but no methane (CH4) or carbon disulfide (CS2). PCE transformation to ETH improved with CT addition in response to increases in H2 concentrations to 160nM that resulted from acetate formation being inhibited by either CT or CF. Lactate fermentation was negatively impacted after CT transformation tests, with propionate accumulating, and H2 concentrations being reduced to below 1nM. Under these conditions both SO4(2-) reduction and dehalogenation were negatively impacted, with sulfate reduction not occurring and PCE being transformed to cis-dichloroethene (c-DCE) (52%) and VC (41%). Upon switching to formate, H2 concentrations increased to 40nM, and complete SO4(2-) reduction was achieved, while PCE was transformed to ETH (98%) and VC (1%), with no acetate detected. Throughout the study PCE dehalogenation to ethene was positively correlated with the effluent H2 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad F Azizian
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, 102 Gleeson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
| | - Lewis Semprini
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, 102 Gleeson Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
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Montelius M, Svensson T, Lourino-Cabana B, Thiry Y, Bastviken D. Chlorination and dechlorination rates in a forest soil - A combined modelling and experimental approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 554-555:203-210. [PMID: 26950634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Much of the total pool of chlorine (Cl) in soil consists of naturally produced organic chlorine (Clorg). The chlorination of bulk organic matter at substantial rates has been experimentally confirmed in various soil types. The subsequent fates of Clorg are important for ecosystem Cl cycling and residence times. As most previous research into dechlorination in soils has examined either single substances or specific groups of compounds, we lack information about overall bulk dechlorination rates. Here we assessed bulk organic matter chlorination and dechlorination rates in coniferous forest soil based on a radiotracer experiment conducted under various environmental conditions (additional water, labile organic matter, and ammonium nitrate). Experiment results were used to develop a model to estimate specific chlorination (i.e., fraction of Cl(-) transformed to Clorg per time unit) and specific dechlorination (i.e., fraction of Clorg transformed to Cl(-) per time unit) rates. The results indicate that chlorination and dechlorination occurred simultaneously under all tested environmental conditions. Specific chlorination rates ranged from 0.0005 to 0.01 d(-1) and were hampered by nitrogen fertilization but were otherwise similar among the treatments. Specific dechlorination rates were 0.01-0.03d(-1) and were similar among all treatments. This study finds that soil Clorg levels result from a dynamic equilibrium between the chlorination and rapid dechlorination of some Clorg compounds, while another Clorg pool is dechlorinated more slowly. Altogether, this study demonstrates a highly active Cl cycling in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Montelius
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Teresia Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Yves Thiry
- Andra, Research and Development Division, Parc de la Croix Blanche, 1/7 rue Jean Monnet, 92298 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - David Bastviken
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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Schiffmacher EN, Becker JG, Lorah MM, Voytek MA. The effects of co-contaminants and native wetland sediments on the activity and dominant transformation mechanisms of a 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TeCA)-degrading enrichment culture. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 147:239-247. [PMID: 26766361 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation strategies, including bioaugmentation with chlorinated ethene-degrading enrichment cultures, have been successfully applied in the cleanup of subsurface environments contaminated with tetrachloroethene (PCE) and/or trichloroethene (TCE). However, these compounds are frequently found in the environment as components of mixtures that may also contain chlorinated ethanes and methanes. Under these conditions, the implementation of bioremediation may be complicated by inhibition effects, particularly when multiple dehalorespirers are present. We investigated the ability of the 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TeCA)-dechlorinating culture WBC-2 to biotransform TeCA alone, or a mixture of TeCA plus PCE and carbon tetrachloride (CT), in microcosms. The microcosms contained electron donors provided to biostimulate the added culture and sediment collected from a wetland where numerous "hotspots" of contamination with chlorinated solvent mixtures exist. The dominant TeCA biodegradation mechanism mediated by the WBC-2 culture in the microcosms was different in the presence of these wetland sediments than in the sediment-free enrichment culture or in previous WBC-2 bioaugmented microcosms and column tests conducted with wetland sediment collected at nearby sites. The co-contaminants and their daughter products also inhibited TeCA biodegradation by WBC-2. These results highlight the need to conduct biodegradability assays at new sites, particularly when multiple contaminants and dehalorespiring populations are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Schiffmacher
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Jennifer G Becker
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Michelle M Lorah
- United States Geological Survey, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center, 5522 Research Park Drive, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA.
| | - Mary A Voytek
- United States Geological Survey, 430 National Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA.
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Combination of aquifer thermal energy storage and enhanced bioremediation: resilience of reductive dechlorination to redox changes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:3767-80. [PMID: 26711280 PMCID: PMC4803826 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To meet the demand for sustainable energy, aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) is widely used in the subsurface in urban areas. However, contamination of groundwater, especially with chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs), is often being encountered. This is commonly seen as an impediment to ATES implementation, although more recently, combining ATES and enhanced bioremediation of CVOCs has been proposed. Issues to be addressed are the high water flow velocities and potential periodic redox fluctuation that accompany ATES. A column study was performed, at a high water flow velocity of 2 m/h, simulating possible changes in subsurface redox conditions due to ATES operation by serial additions of lactate and nitrate. The impacts of redox changes on reductive dechlorination as well as the microbial response of Dehalococcoides (DHC) were evaluated. The results showed that, upon lactate addition, reductive dechlorination proceeded well and complete dechlorination from cis-DCE to ethene was achieved. Upon subsequent nitrate addition, reductive dechlorination immediately ceased. Disruption of microorganisms' retention was also immediate and possibly detached DHC which preferred attaching to the soil matrix under biostimulation conditions. Initially, recovery of dechlorination was possible but required bioaugmentation and nutrient amendment in addition to lactate dosing. Repeated interruption of dechlorination and DHC activity by nitrate dosing appeared to be less easily reversible requiring more efforts for regenerating dechlorination. Overall, our results indicate that the microbial resilience of DHC in biosimulated ATES conditions is sensitive to redox fluctuations. Hence, combining ATES with bioremediation requires dedicated operation and monitoring on the aquifer geochemical conditions.
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Ni Z, van Gaans P, Smit M, Rijnaarts H, Grotenhuis T. Biodegradation of cis-1,2-Dichloroethene in Simulated Underground Thermal Energy Storage Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:13519-13527. [PMID: 26503690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Underground thermal energy storage (UTES) use has showed a sharp rise in numbers in the last decades, with aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) and borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) most widely used. In many urban areas with contaminated aquifers, there exists a desire for sustainable heating and cooling with UTES and a need for remediation. We investigated the potential synergy between UTES and bioremediation with batch experiments to simulate the effects of changing temperature and liquid exchange that occur in ATES systems, and of only temperature change occurring in BTES systems on cis-DCE reductive dechlorination. Compared to the natural situation (NS) at a constant temperature of 10 °C, both UTES systems with 25/5 °C for warm and cold well performed significantly better in cis-DCE (cis-1,2-dichloroethene) removal. The overall removal efficiency under mimicked ATES and BTES conditions were respectively 13 and 8.6 times higher than in NS. Inoculation with Dehalococcoides revealed that their initial presence is a determining factor for the dechlorination process. Temperature was the dominating factor when Dehalococcoides abundance was sufficient. Stimulated biodegradation was shown to be most effective in the mimicked ATES warm well because of the combined effect of suitable temperature, sustaining biomass growth, and regular cis-DCE supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuobiao Ni
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University , P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus, Eoropean Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology , P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline van Gaans
- Deltares, Soil and Groundwater Systems , P.O. Box 85467, 3508 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Smit
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University , P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Huub Rijnaarts
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University , P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Grotenhuis
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University , P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Lee M, Marquis C, Judger BE, Manefield M. Anaerobic microorganisms and bioremediation of organohalide pollution. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ma15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Organohalide pollution of subsurface environments is ubiquitous across all industrialised countries. Fortunately, strictly anaerobic microorganisms exist that have evolved using naturally occurring organohalides as their terminal electron acceptor. These unusual organisms are now being utilised to clean anthropogenic organohalide pollution.
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Puigserver D, Cortés A, Viladevall M, Nogueras X, Parker BL, Carmona JM. Processes controlling the fate of chloroethenes emanating from DNAPL aged sources in river-aquifer contexts. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2014; 168:25-40. [PMID: 25278314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work dealt with the physical and biogeochemical processes that favored the natural attenuation of chloroethene plumes of aged sources located close to influent rivers in the presence of co-contaminants, such as nitrate and sulfate. Two working hypotheses were proposed: i) Reductive dechlorination is increased in areas where the river-aquifer relationship results in the groundwater dilution of electron acceptors, the reduction potential of which exceeds that of specific chloroethenes; ii) zones where silts predominate or where textural changes occur are zones in which biodegradation preferentially takes place. A field site on a Quaternary alluvial aquifer at Torelló, Catalonia (Spain) was selected to validate these hypotheses. This aquifer is adjacent to an influent river, and its redox conditions favor reductive dechlorination. The main findings showed that the low concentrations of nitrate and sulfate due to dilution caused by the input of surface water diminish the competition for electrons between microorganisms that reduce co-contaminants and chloroethenes. Under these conditions, the most bioavailable electron acceptors were PCE and metabolites, which meant that their biodegradation was favored. This led to the possibility of devising remediation strategies based on bioenhancing natural attenuation. The artificial recharge with water that is low in nitrates and sulfates may favor dechlorinating microorganisms if the redox conditions in the mixing water are sufficiently maintained as reducing and if there are nutrients, electron donors and carbon sources necessary for these microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Puigserver
- Dept. de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Amparo Cortés
- Dept. de Productes Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Manuel Viladevall
- Dept. de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xènia Nogueras
- Dept. de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Beth L Parker
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, NIG 2W1 Guelph, ON, Canada.
| | - José M Carmona
- Dept. de Gequímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Chen JL, Ortiz R, Steele TWJ, Stuckey DC. Toxicants inhibiting anaerobic digestion: a review. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1523-34. [PMID: 25457225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is increasingly being used to treat wastes from many sources because of its manifold advantages over aerobic treatment, e.g. low sludge production and low energy requirements. However, anaerobic digestion is sensitive to toxicants, and a wide range of compounds can inhibit the process and cause upset or failure. Substantial research has been carried out over the years to identify specific inhibitors/toxicants, and their mechanism of toxicity in anaerobic digestion. In this review we present a detailed and critical summary of research on the inhibition of anaerobic processes by specific organic toxicants (e.g., chlorophenols, halogenated aliphatics and long chain fatty acids), inorganic toxicants (e.g., ammonia, sulfide and heavy metals) and in particular, nanomaterials, focusing on the mechanism of their inhibition/toxicity. A better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms behind inhibition/toxicity will enhance the wider application of anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin Chen
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141
| | - Raphael Ortiz
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141
| | - Terry W J Steele
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141.
| | - David C Stuckey
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Romańczyk PP, Rotko G, Noga K, Radoń M, Andryianau G, Kurek SS. The effect of C−H···O bonding and Cl···π interactions in electrocatalytic dehalogenation of C2 chlorides containing an acidic hydrogen. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Fullerton H, Rogers R, Freedman DL, Zinder SH. Isolation of an aerobic vinyl chloride oxidizer from anaerobic groundwater. Biodegradation 2014; 25:893-901. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-014-9708-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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