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Li L, Qu J, Liu W, Peng B, Cong S, Yu H, Zhang B, Li Y. Advancements in Characterization Techniques for Microemulsions: From Molecular Insights to Macroscopic Phenomena. Molecules 2024; 29:2901. [PMID: 38930964 PMCID: PMC11206267 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, optically isotropic, transparent, or semi-transparent mixed solutions composed of two immiscible solvents stabilized by amphiphilic solutes. This comprehensive review explores state-of-the-art techniques for characterizing microemulsions, which are versatile solutions essential across various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, food, and petroleum. This article delves into spectroscopic methods, nuclear magnetic resonance, small-angle scattering, dynamic light scattering, conductometry, zeta potential analysis, cryo-electron microscopy, refractive index measurement, and differential scanning calorimetry, examining each technique's strengths, limitations, and potential applications. Emphasizing the necessity of a multi-technique approach for a thorough understanding, it underscores the importance of integrating diverse analytical methods to unravel microemulsion structures from molecular to macroscopic scales. This synthesis provides a roadmap for researchers and practitioners, fostering advancements in microemulsion science and its wide-ranging industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Li
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (J.Q.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (B.Z.); (Y.L.)
- College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China;
- National Elite Institute of Engineering, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), Beijing 102200, China
| | - Jiepeng Qu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (J.Q.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (B.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Elite Institute of Engineering, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), Beijing 102200, China
- School of Rare Earth, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (J.Q.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (B.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Baoliang Peng
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (J.Q.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (B.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Sunan Cong
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (J.Q.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (B.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haobo Yu
- College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China;
| | - Biao Zhang
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (J.Q.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (B.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingying Li
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China; (L.L.); (J.Q.); (B.P.); (S.C.); (B.Z.); (Y.L.)
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Sakhaii P, Bohorc B, Schliedermann U, Griesinger C. Efficient Access to Elusive 1D 13C NMR Spectra through Highly Resolved 1H, 13C-Long-Range Correlation Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5843-5851. [PMID: 38452395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
A method for obtaining 1D 13C NMR spectra from natural products or metabolites using proton detection is described. The approach delivers singlets for every 13C signal without conducting any broadband 1H decoupling (CPD) and is based on calculating 13C projections from constant-time HMBC and conventional HSQC experiments, recorded at high digital resolution and processed to pure phases. Paramount to the proposed method is the implication of nonuniform sampling and echo processing. The echo processing produces phase-sensitive 2D CT-HMBC spectra with narrow 13C signal line shapes. Two simple HMBC pulse sequences are utilized with the suppression of homo- and heteronuclear couplings. Due to the removal of the 1H multiplet structure in F1 (no tilt at higher digital resolution), 13C singlets arise. An overall increase in 13C signal-to-noise (SINO) for all types of carbon multiplicities is observed, making the proposed technique superior compared to direct 13C excitation. For otherwise difficult-to-measure quaternary carbon atoms, a SINO enhancement of up to 6 and 12 depending on F1 resolution (3 and 6 Hz/point) is reported. Echo/anti-Echo signal detection cleans up the spectrum. Nonuniform sampling (NUS) lays the groundwork to significantly reduce the total acquisition time. Final 1D 13C projections are obtained by combining the 13C projection from CT HMBC and conventional HSQC. This orthogonal concept of combining the 13C projections from different spectra inherently minimizes the risk of missing 13C cross-peaks by inappropriate setting of long-range nJHC coupling delays and the shortcoming of T2 relaxations. The advantages and some limitations of the concept are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Sakhaii
- NMR Laboratory of SANOFI, Global CMC Early Development, Synthetics Platform, Industrial Park Hoechst, Building G849, 65926 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Bojan Bohorc
- NMR Laboratory of SANOFI, Global CMC Early Development, Synthetics Platform, Industrial Park Hoechst, Building G849, 65926 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Uwe Schliedermann
- NMR Laboratory of SANOFI, Global CMC Early Development, Synthetics Platform, Industrial Park Hoechst, Building G849, 65926 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Christian Griesinger
- NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Einen C, Price SEN, Ulvik K, Gjennestad MA, Hansen R, Kjelstrup S, Davies CDL. Nanoparticle Dynamics in Composite Hydrogels Exposed to Low-Frequency Focused Ultrasound. Gels 2023; 9:771. [PMID: 37888344 PMCID: PMC10606116 DOI: 10.3390/gels9100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed focused ultrasound (FUS) in combination with microbubbles has been shown to improve delivery and penetration of nanoparticles in tumors. To understand the mechanisms behind this treatment, it is important to evaluate the contribution of FUS without microbubbles on increased nanoparticle penetration and transport in the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM). A composite agarose hydrogel was made to model the porous structure, the acoustic attenuation and the hydraulic conductivity of the tumor ECM. Single-particle tracking was used as a novel method to monitor nanoparticle dynamics in the hydrogel during FUS exposure. FUS exposure at 1 MHz and 1 MPa was performed to detect any increase in nanoparticle diffusion or particle streaming at acoustic parameters relevant for FUS in combination with microbubbles. Results were compared to a model of acoustic streaming. The nanoparticles displayed anomalous diffusion in the hydrogel, and FUS with a duty cycle of 20% increased the nanoparticle diffusion coefficient by 23%. No increase in diffusion was found for lower duty cycles. FUS displaced the hydrogel itself at duty cycles above 10%; however, acoustic streaming was found to be negligible. In conclusion, pulsed FUS alone cannot explain the enhanced penetration of nanoparticles seen when using FUS and microbubbles for nanoparticle delivery, but it could be used as a tool to enhance diffusion of particles in the tumor ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Einen
- Porelab and Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sebastian E. N. Price
- Porelab and Department of Chemistry, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kim Ulvik
- Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Rune Hansen
- Department of Health Research at SINTEF, 7465 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Signe Kjelstrup
- Porelab and Department of Chemistry, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Catharina de Lange Davies
- Department of Physics, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Mashiach R, Weissman H, Avram L, Houben L, Diskin-Posner Y, Arunachalam V, Leskes M, Rybtchinski B, Bar-Shir A. Cation-Ligand Complexation Mediates the Temporal Evolution of Colloidal Fluoride Nanocrystals through Transient Aggregation. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9916-9921. [PMID: 34813333 PMCID: PMC8662719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal inorganic nanofluorides have aroused great interest for various applications with their development greatly accelerated thanks to advanced synthetic approaches. Nevertheless, understanding their colloidal evolution and the factors that affect their dispersion could improve the ability to rationally design them. Here, using a multimodal in situ approach that combines DLS, NMR, and cryogenic-TEM, we elucidate the formation dynamics of nanofluorides in water through a transient aggregative phase. Specifically, we demonstrate that ligand-cation interactions mediate a transient aggregation of as-formed CaF2 nanocrystals (NCs) which governs the kinetics of the colloids' evolution. These observations shed light on key stages through which CaF2 NCs are dispersed in water, highlighting fundamental aspects of nanofluorides formation mechanisms. Our findings emphasize the roles of ligands in NCs' synthesis beyond their function as surfactants, including their ability to mediate colloidal evolution by complexing cationic precursors, and should be considered in the design of other types of NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Mashiach
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Material Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Haim Weissman
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Material Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Liat Avram
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Lothar Houben
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Vaishali Arunachalam
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Material Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Leskes
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Material Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Boris Rybtchinski
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Material Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Amnon Bar-Shir
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Material Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Nikolova Y, Dobrikov GM, Petkova Z, Shestakova P. Chiral Aminoalcohols and Squaric Acid Amides as Ligands for Asymmetric Borane Reduction of Ketones: Insight to In Situ Formed Catalytic System by DOSY and Multinuclear NMR Experiments. Molecules 2021; 26:6865. [PMID: 34833957 PMCID: PMC8624562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of squaric acid amides (synthesized in 66-99% isolated yields) and a set of chiral aminoalcohols were comparatively studied as ligands in a model reaction of reduction of α-chloroacetophenone with BH3•SMe2. In all cases, the aminoalcohols demonstrated better efficiency (up to 94% ee), while only poor asymmetric induction was achieved with the corresponding squaramides. A mechanistic insight on the in situ formation and stability at room temperature of intermediates generated from ligands and borane as possible precursors of the oxazaborolidine-based catalytic system has been obtained by 1H DOSY and multinuclear 1D and 2D (1H, 10/11B, 13C, 15N) NMR spectroscopy of equimolar mixtures of borane and selected ligands. These results contribute to better understanding the complexity of the processes occurring in the reaction mixture prior to the possible oxazaborolidine formation, which play a crucial role on the degree of enantioselectivity achieved in the borane reduction of α-chloroacetophenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Nikolova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bl. 9, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.M.D.); (Z.P.)
| | | | | | - Pavletta Shestakova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bl. 9, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.M.D.); (Z.P.)
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Franconi F, Lemaire L, Gimel JC, Bonnet S, Saulnier P. NMR diffusometry: A new perspective for nanomedicine exploration. J Control Release 2021; 337:155-167. [PMID: 34280413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) based diffusion methods open new perspectives for nanomedicine characterization and their bioenvironment interaction understanding. This review summarizes the theoretical background of diffusion phenomena. Self-diffusion and mutual diffusion coefficient notions are featured. Principles, advantages, drawbacks, and key challenges of NMR diffusometry spectroscopic and imaging methods are presented. This review article also gives an overview of representative applicative works to the nanomedicine field that can contribute to elucidate important issues. Examples of in vitro characterizations such as identification of formulated species, process monitoring, drug release follow-up, nanomedicine interactions with biological barriers are presented as well as possible transpositions for studying in vivo nanomedicine fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Franconi
- Univ Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; Univ Angers, PRISM, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Laurent Lemaire
- Univ Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; Univ Angers, PRISM, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | | | - Samuel Bonnet
- Univ Angers, PRISM, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Patrick Saulnier
- Univ Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France.
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Wang W, van Niekerk EA, Zhang Y, Du L, Ji X, Wang S, Baker JD, Groeniger K, Raymo FM, Mattoussi H. Compact, “Clickable” Quantum Dots Photoligated with Multifunctional Zwitterionic Polymers for Immunofluorescence and In Vivo Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1497-1509. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Erna A. van Niekerk
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Liang Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Xin Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Sisi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - James D. Baker
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Kimberly Groeniger
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Françisco M. Raymo
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Hedi Mattoussi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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Gebrezgiabher M, Zalloum WA, Clarke DJ, Miles SM, Fedorova AA, Zenkova MA, Bichenkova EV. RNA knockdown by synthetic peptidyl-oligonucleotide ribonucleases: behavior of recognition and cleavage elements under physiological conditions. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:2555-2574. [PMID: 32248755 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1751711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sequence-specific protein-based ribonucleases are not found in nature. Absolute sequence selectivity in RNA cleavage in vivo normally requires multi-component complexes that recruit a guide RNA or DNA for target recognition and a protein-RNA assembly for catalytic functioning (e.g. RNAi molecular machinery, RNase H). Recently discovered peptidyl-oligonucleotide synthetic ribonucleases selectively knock down pathogenic RNAs by irreversible cleavage to offer unprecedented opportunities for control of disease-relevant RNA. Understanding how to increase their potency, selectivity and catalytic turnover will open the translational pathway to successful therapeutics. Yet, very little is known about how these chemical ribonucleases bind, cleave and leave their target. Rational design awaits this understanding in order to control therapy, particularly how to overcome the trade-off between sequence specificity and potency through catalytic turnover. We illuminate this here by characterizing the interactions of these chemical RNases with both complementary and non-complementary RNAs using Tm profiles, fluorescence, UV-visible and NMR spectroscopies. Crucially, the level of counter cations, which are tightly-controlled within cellular compartments, also controlled these interactions. The oligonucleotide component dominated interaction between conjugates and complementary targets in the presence of physiological levels of counter cations (K+), sufficient to prevent repulsion between the complementary nucleic acid strands to allow Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding. In contrast, the positively-charged catalytic peptide interacted poorly with target RNA, when counter cations similarly screened the negatively-charged sugar-phosphate RNA backbones. The peptide only became the key player, when counter cations were insufficient for charge screening; moreover, only under such non-physiological conditions did conjugates form strong complexes with non-complementary RNAs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengisteab Gebrezgiabher
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Waleed A Zalloum
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David J Clarke
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Steven M Miles
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Antonina A Fedorova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina A Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena V Bichenkova
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Evans R. The interpretation of small molecule diffusion coefficients: Quantitative use of diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 117:33-69. [PMID: 32471534 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Measuring accurate molecular self-diffusion coefficients, D, by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques has become routine as hardware, software and experimental methodologies have all improved. However, the quantitative interpretation of such data remains difficult, particularly for small molecules. This review article first provides a description of, and explanation for, the failure of the Stokes-Einstein equation to accurately predict small molecule diffusion coefficients, before moving on to three broadly complementary methods for their quantitative interpretation. Two are based on power laws, but differ in the nature of the reference molecules used. The third addresses the uncertainties in the Stokes-Einstein equation directly. For all three methods, a wide range of examples are used to show the range of chemistry to which diffusion NMR can be applied, and how best to implement the different methods to obtain quantitative information from the chemical systems studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Evans
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom.
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10
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Santiago I, Simmel FC. Self-Propulsion Strategies for Artificial Cell-Like Compartments. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121680. [PMID: 31775256 PMCID: PMC6956199 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Reconstitution of life-like properties in artificial cells is a current research frontier in synthetic biology. Mimicking metabolism, growth, and sensing are active areas of investigation; however, achieving motility and directional taxis are also challenging in the context of artificial cells. To tackle this problem, recent progress has been made that leverages the tools of active matter physics in synthetic biology. This review surveys the most significant achievements in designing motile cell-like compartments. In this context, strategies for self-propulsion are summarized, including, compartmentalization of catalytically active particles, phoretic propulsion of vesicles and emulsion droplet motion driven by Marangoni flows. This work showcases how the realization of motile protocells may impact biomedical engineering while also aiming at answering fundamental questions in locomotion of prebiotic cells.
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Shrivastava M, Srivastav A, Gandhi S, Rao S, Roychoudhury A, Kumar A, Singhal R, Jha SK, Singh S. Monitoring of engineered nanoparticles in soil-plant system: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2019.100218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Awad TS, Asker D, Romsted LS. Evidence of coexisting microemulsion droplets in oil-in-water emulsions revealed by 2D DOSY 1H NMR. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 514:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Shin K, Gong G, Cuadrado J, Jeon S, Seo M, Choi HS, Hwang JS, Lee Y, Fernandez-Nieves A, Kim JW. Structurally Stable Attractive Nanoscale Emulsions with Dipole-Dipole Interaction-Driven Interdrop Percolation. Chemistry 2017; 23:4292-4297. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghee Shin
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 Republic of Korea
- R&D center; Nature in Lab. Inc.; Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeonghyeon Gong
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonas Cuadrado
- School of Physics; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Serim Jeon
- Department of Genetic Engineering; Kyung Hee University; Yongin 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Mintae Seo
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Sung Choi
- Shinsegae International Co. Ltd.; Seoul 06015 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering; Kyung Hee University; Yongin 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jin Woong Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 Republic of Korea
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14
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Quanten T, Shestakova P, Van Den Bulck D, Kirschhock C, Parac-Vogt TN. Interaction Study and Reactivity of Zr(IV) -Substituted Wells-Dawson Polyoxometalate towards Hydrolysis of Peptide Bonds in Surfactant Solutions. Chemistry 2016; 22:3775-84. [PMID: 26833582 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between the 1:2 Zr(IV) :Wells-Dawson complex, K15 H[Zr(α2 -P2 W17 O61 )2] (1), and a range of surfactants was studied in detail with the aim of developing metal-substituted POMs as potential artificial proteases for membrane proteins. The surfactants include the positively charged cetyl(trimethyl)ammonium bromide (CTAB), the negatively charged sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the neutral Triton X-100 (TX-100), and zwitterionic 3-[dodecyl(dimethyl)ammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (Zw3-13) and 3-[dimethyl(3-{[(3α,5β,7α,12α)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl]amino}propyl)ammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS). A combination of multinuclear (1)H, (13)C, and (31) P NMR spectroscopy, (1)H diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy ((1)H DOSY), and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) was used to examine the interaction between 1 and each surfactant on the molecular level. Cationic surfactant CTAB caused precipitation of 1 due to strong electrostatic interactions, while the anionic SDS and neutral TX-100 surfactants did not exhibit any interaction at neutral pD. (1)H DOSY NMR spectroscopy indicated an interaction between 1 and zwitterionic surfactants Zw3-12 and CHAPS, which occurs via the positively charged ammonium group in the surfactant molecule. In the presence of anionic, neutral, and zwitterionic surfactants, 1 preserves its catalytic activity towards the hydrolysis of the peptide bond in the dipeptide glycyl-l-histidine (GH). The fastest hydrolysis was observed at pD 7.0 and could be rationalized by taking into account pD-dependent speciation of 1 and coordination properties of GH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Quanten
- Department Of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pavletta Shestakova
- NMR Laboratory, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchef Str., B1.9, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dries Van Den Bulck
- Department Of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Kirschhock
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tatjana N Parac-Vogt
- Department Of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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15
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McCutchen M, Chen LG, Bermudez H, Matysiak S. Interplay of Dynamical Properties between Ionic Liquids and Ionic Surfactants: Mechanism and Aggregation. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:9925-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael McCutchen
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Lang G. Chen
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Harry Bermudez
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Silvina Matysiak
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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16
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Luong TKN, Shestakova P, Mihaylov TT, Absillis G, Pierloot K, Parac-Vogt TN. Multinuclear diffusion NMR spectroscopy and DFT modeling: a powerful combination for unraveling the mechanism of phosphoester bond hydrolysis catalyzed by metal-substituted polyoxometalates. Chemistry 2015; 21:4428-39. [PMID: 25652658 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A detailed reaction mechanism is proposed for the hydrolysis of the phosphoester bonds in the DNA model substrate bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP) in the presence of the Zr(IV)-substituted Keggin type polyoxometalate (Et2NH2)8[{α-PW11O39Zr(μ-OH)(H2O)}2]⋅7 H2O (ZrK 2:2) at pD 6.4. Low-temperature (31)P DOSY spectra at pD 6.4 gave the first experimental evidence for the presence of ZrK 1:1 in fast equilibrium with ZrK 2:2 in purely aqueous solution. Moreover, theoretical calculations identified the ZrK 1:1 form as the potentially active species in solution. The reaction intermediates involved in the hydrolysis were identified by means of (1)H/(31)P NMR studies, including EXSY and DOSY NMR spectroscopy, which were supported by DFT calculations. This experimental/theoretical approach enabled the determination of the structures of four intermediate species in which the starting compound BNPP, nitrophenyl phosphate (NPP), or the end product phosphate (P) is coordinated to ZrK 1:1. In the proposed reaction mechanism, BNPP initially coordinates to ZrK 1:1 in a monodentate fashion, which results in hydrolysis of the first phosphoester bond in BNPP and formation of NPP. EXSY NMR studies showed that the bidentate complex between NPP and ZrK 1:1 is in equilibrium with monobound and free NPP. Subsequently, hydrolysis of NPP results in P, which is in equilibrium with its monobound form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Nga Luong
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven (Belgium) http://www.chem.kuleuven.be/lbc/
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17
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Lin PC. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Nanomedicine. PROGRESS IN OPTICAL SCIENCE AND PHOTONICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-287-242-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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18
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Lin PC, Lin S, Wang PC, Sridhar R. Techniques for physicochemical characterization of nanomaterials. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:711-26. [PMID: 24252561 PMCID: PMC4024087 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have opened up a new era of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases and traumatic injuries. Nanomaterials, including those with potential for clinical applications, possess novel physicochemical properties that have an impact on their physiological interactions, from the molecular level to the systemic level. There is a lack of standardized methodologies or regulatory protocols for detection or characterization of nanomaterials. This review summarizes the techniques that are commonly used to study the size, shape, surface properties, composition, purity and stability of nanomaterials, along with their advantages and disadvantages. At present there are no FDA guidelines that have been developed specifically for nanomaterial based formulations for diagnostic or therapeutic use. There is an urgent need for standardized protocols and procedures for the characterization of nanoparticles, especially those that are intended for use as theranostics.
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MESH Headings
- Chemistry, Physical/methods
- Circular Dichroism
- Contrast Media/chemistry
- Humans
- Light
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Mass Spectrometry
- Microscopy, Atomic Force
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling
- Molecular Imaging/methods
- Nanomedicine/methods
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Nanostructures/chemistry
- Nanotechnology/methods
- Nanotechnology/trends
- Scattering, Radiation
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence
- Spectrophotometry, Infrared
- Spectrum Analysis, Raman
- Surface Properties
- Technology, Pharmaceutical/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chang Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Stephen Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Paul C Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Rajagopalan Sridhar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
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19
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Choudhury SD, Barooah N, Aswal VK, Pal H, Bhasikuttan AC, Mohanty J. Stimuli-responsive supramolecular micellar assemblies of cetylpyridinium chloride with cucurbit[5/7]urils. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:3485-3493. [PMID: 24651710 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52024b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This article demonstrates, for the first time, construction of novel cucurbituril (CB)-adorned supramolecular micellar assemblies of a cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), through noncovalent host-guest interactions. The distinct cation receptor features and cavity dimensions of the CB5 and CB7 homologues assert that the macrocyclic hosts remain complexed with the CPC monomers and take part in the micelle formation, a unique observation in contrast to that of the classical host, β-cyclodextrin. The cooperative contributions of the CB macrocycles in the micelle formation have been documented by the photochemical, surface tension, conductivity, DOSY NMR, and SANS measurements. The contrasting downward and upward shifts in the cmc of the CPC surfactant, respectively, with CB5 and CB7 hosts provide a unique opportunity for the controlled tuning of the micellization region for CPC from 0.57 to 1.6 mM, by using a combination of the macrocyclic hosts. The article also establishes the reversible response of these soft supramolecular micellar structures to thermal-stimuli, which projects their utility for on-demand smart drug-delivery vehicles.
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20
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Shestakova P, Absillis G, Martin-Martinez FJ, De Proft F, Willem R, Parac-Vogt TN. Integrating31P DOSY NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular Mechanics as a Powerful Tool for Unraveling the Chemical Structures of Polyoxomolybdate-Based Amphiphilic Nanohybrids in Aqueous Solution. Chemistry 2014; 20:5258-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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21
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Bonhomme C, Gervais C, Laurencin D. Recent NMR developments applied to organic-inorganic materials. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 77:1-48. [PMID: 24411829 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution, the latest developments in solid state NMR are presented in the field of organic-inorganic (O/I) materials (or hybrid materials). Such materials involve mineral and organic (including polymeric and biological) components, and can exhibit complex O/I interfaces. Hybrids are currently a major topic of research in nanoscience, and solid state NMR is obviously a pertinent spectroscopic tool of investigation. Its versatility allows the detailed description of the structure and texture of such complex materials. The article is divided in two main parts: in the first one, recent NMR methodological/instrumental developments are presented in connection with hybrid materials. In the second part, an exhaustive overview of the major classes of O/I materials and their NMR characterization is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bonhomme
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UMR CNRS 7574, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 06, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Christel Gervais
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UMR CNRS 7574, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 06, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Danielle Laurencin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR5253, CNRS UM2 UM1 ENSCM, CC1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
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22
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Jeanmaire D, Laliturai J, Almalik A, Carampin P, Richard d'Arcy, Lallana E, Evans R, Winpenny REP, Tirelli N. Chemical specificity in REDOX-responsive materials: the diverse effects of different Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) on polysulfide nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01475d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Pustulka KM, Wohl AR, Lee HS, Michel AR, Han J, Hoye TR, McCormick AV, Panyam J, Macosko CW. Flash nanoprecipitation: particle structure and stability. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:4367-77. [PMID: 24053447 PMCID: PMC3946569 DOI: 10.1021/mp400337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) is a process that, through rapid mixing, stabilizes an insoluble low molecular weight compound in a nanosized, polymer-stabilized delivery vehicle. The polymeric components are typically amphiphilic diblock copolymers (BCPs). In order to fully exploit the potential of FNP, factors affecting particle structure, size, and stability must be understood. Here we show that polymer type, hydrophobicity and crystallinity of the small molecule, and small molecule loading levels all affect particle size and stability. Of the four block copolymers (BCP) that we have studied here, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG-b-PLGA) was most suitable for potential drug delivery applications due to its ability to give rise to stable nanoparticles, its biocompatibility, and its degradability. We found little difference in particle size when using PLGA block sizes over the range of 5 to 15 kDa. The choice of hydrophobic small molecule was important, as molecules with a calculated water-octanol partition coefficient (clogP) below 6 gave rise to particles that were unstable and underwent rapid Ostwald ripening. Studies probing the internal structure of nanoparticles were also performed. Analysis of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), and (1)H NMR experiments support a three-layer core-shell-corona nanoparticle structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Pustulka
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Adam R. Wohl
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Han Seung Lee
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Andrew R. Michel
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Jing Han
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Alon V. McCormick
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Jayanth Panyam
- Departments of Pharmaceutics University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
| | - Christopher W. Macosko
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
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24
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Benjamini D, Nevo U. Estimation of pore size distribution using concentric double pulsed-field gradient NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2013; 230:198-204. [PMID: 23548563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Estimation of pore size distribution of well calibrated phantoms using NMR is demonstrated here for the first time. Porous materials are a central constituent in fields as diverse as biology, geology, and oil drilling. Noninvasive characterization of monodisperse porous samples using conventional pulsed-field gradient (PFG) NMR is a well-established method. However, estimation of pore size distribution of heterogeneous polydisperse systems, which comprise most of the materials found in nature, remains extremely challenging. Concentric double pulsed-field gradient (CDPFG) is a 2-D technique where both q (the amplitude of the diffusion gradient) and φ (the relative angle between the gradient pairs) are varied. A recent prediction indicates this method should produce a more accurate and robust estimation of pore size distribution than its conventional 1-D versions. Five well defined size distribution phantoms, consisting of 1-5 different pore sizes in the range of 5-25 μm were used. The estimated pore size distributions were all in good agreement with the known theoretical size distributions, and were obtained without any a priori assumption on the size distribution model. These findings support that in addition to its theoretical benefits, the CDPFG method is experimentally reliable. Furthermore, by adding the angle parameter, sensitivity to small compartment sizes is increased without the use of strong gradients, thus making CDPFG safe for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Benjamini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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25
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Gmoshinski IV, Khotimchenko SA, Popov VO, Dzantiev BB, Zherdev AV, Demin VF, Buzulukov YP. Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies: methods of analysis and control. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n01abeh004329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Robert-Nicoud G, Evans R, Vo CD, Cadman CJ, Tirelli N. Synthesis, self-assembly and (absence of) protein interactions of poly(glycerol methacrylate)–silicone macro-amphiphiles. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00273j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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SNEDDS Containing Poorly Water Soluble Cinnarizine; Development and in Vitro Characterization of Dispersion, Digestion and Solubilization. Pharmaceutics 2012; 4:641-65. [PMID: 24300374 PMCID: PMC3834928 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics4040641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDSs) were developed using well-defined excipients with the objective of mimicking digested SNEDDSs without the use of enzymes and in vitro lipolysis models and thereby enabling studies of the morphology and size of nanoemulsions as well as digested nanoemulsions by Cryo-TEM imaging and Dynamic Light Scattering. Four SNEDDSs (I-IV) were developed. Going from SNEDDS I to IV lipid content and solubility of the model drug cinnarizine decreased, which was also the case for dispersion time and droplet size. Droplet size of all SNEDDS was evaluated at 1% (w/w) dispersion under different conditions. Cinnarizine incorporation increased the droplet size of SNEDDSs I and II whereas for SNEDDSs III and IV no difference was observed. At low pH cinnarizine had no effect on droplet size, probably due to increased aqueous solubility and partitioning into the aqueous phase. Dispersion of the SNEDDSs in Simulated Intestinal Media (SIM) containing bile salts and phospholipids resulted in a decrease in droplet size for all SNEDDS, as compared to dispersion in buffer. Increasing the bile salt/phospholipid content in the SIM decreased the droplet sizes further. Mimicked digested SNEDDS with highest lipid content (I and II) formed smaller nanoemulsion droplet sizes upon dispersion in SIM, whereas droplet size from III and IV were virtually unchanged by digestion. Increasing the bile acid/phosphatidylcholine content in the SIM generally decreased droplet size, due to the solubilizing power of the endogenous surfactants. Digestion of SNEDDSs II resulted in formation of vesicles or micelles in fasted and fed state SIM, respectively. The developed and characterized SNEDDS provide for a better knowledge of the colloid phases generated during digestion of SNEDDS and therefore will enable studies that may yield a more detailed understanding of SNEDDS performance.
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28
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Li W, Chung H, Daeffler C, Johnson JA, Grubbs RH. Application of (1)H DOSY for Facile Measurement of Polymer Molecular Weights. Macromolecules 2012; 45:9595-9603. [PMID: 23335819 DOI: 10.1021/ma301666x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
To address the practical issues of polymer molecular weight determination, the first accurate polymer weight-average molecular weight determination method in diverse living/controlled polymerization via DOSY (diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy) is reported. Based on the linear correlation between the logarithm of diffusion coefficient (log D) and the molecular weights (log Mw), external calibration curves were created to give predictions of molecular weights of narrowly-dispersed polymers. This method was successfully applied to atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT), and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), with weight-average molecular weights given by this method closely correlated to those obtained from GPC measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Li
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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29
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Law SJ, Britton MM. Sizing of reverse micelles in microemulsions using NMR measurements of diffusion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:11699-11706. [PMID: 22794150 DOI: 10.1021/la300796u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the size of reverse micelles (RMs) in AOT/octane/H(2)O and CTAB/hexanol/H(2)O microemulsions using magnetic resonance (MR) pulsed field gradient (PFG) measurements of diffusion. Diffusion data were measured using the pulsed gradient stimulated echo (PGSTE) experiment for surfactant molecules residing in the RM interface. Inverse Laplace transformation of these data generated diffusion coefficients for the RMs, which were converted into hydrodynamic radii using the Stokes-Einstein relation. This technique is complementary to those previously used to size RMs, such as dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), but also offers several advantages, which are discussed. RM sizes, determined using the PGSTE method, in the AOT (sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate) and CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) microemulsions were compared with previous DLS and SAXS data, showing good agreement. Methods for determining number distributions from the PGSTE data, through the use of scaling factors, were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Law
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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30
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HRMAS-NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis meat characterisation. Meat Sci 2012; 92:754-61. [PMID: 22819725 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
¹H-High resolution magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was employed to gain the metabolic profile of longissimus dorsi and semitendinosus muscles of four different breeds: Chianina, Holstein Friesian, Maremmana and Buffalo. Principal component analysis, partial least squares projection to latent structure - discriminant analysis and orthogonal partial least squares projection to latent structure - discriminant analysis were used to build models capable of discriminating the muscle type according to the breed. Data analysis led to an excellent classification for Buffalo and Chianina, while for Holstein Friesian the separation was lower. In the case of Maremmana the use of intelligent bucketing was necessary due to some resonances shifting allowed improvement of the discrimination ability. Finally, by using the Variable Importance in Projection values the metabolites relevant for the classification were identified.
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31
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Hendrickson OD, Safenkova IV, Zherdev AV, Dzantiev BB, Popov VO. Methods of detection and identification of manufactured nanoparticles. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350911060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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32
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Coles DJ, Simerska P, Fujita Y, Toth I. The influence of incorporating lipids or liposaccharides on the particle size of peptide therapeutics. Biopolymers 2011; 96:172-6. [PMID: 20564037 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of peptide-based drugs is essential to obtain information about their potential suitability. In this study, a therapeutic peptide epitope alone or in combination with a lipid or liposaccharide moiety were assessed to determine their particle sizes by diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and mathematical expressions. These methods were compared and their suitability for different types of peptides is discussed herein. When compared with the mathematical expressions, we found that the NMR method resulted in a particle size that was consistent with the radius of the peptide monomer. The dynamic light scattering method showed that when lipids were conjugated to the peptide epitope, the resulting particles had a larger sized distribution compared with the peptide alone. These experiments provided information which can be applied when formulating these peptides as drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Coles
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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33
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Shemesh N, Adiri T, Cohen Y. Probing microscopic architecture of opaque heterogeneous systems using double-pulsed-field-gradient NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6028-35. [PMID: 21446740 DOI: 10.1021/ja200303h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microarchitectural features of opaque porous media and biological tissues are of great importance in many scientific disciplines ranging from chemistry, material sciences, and geology to biology and medicine. Noninvasive characterization of coherently organized pores is rather straightforward since conventional diffusion magnetic resonance methods can detect anisotropy on a macroscopic scale; however, it remains extremely challenging to directly infer on microarchitectural features on the microscopic scale in heterogeneous porous media and biological cells that are comprised of randomly oriented compartments, a scenario widely encountered in Nature. Here, we show that the angular bipolar double-pulsed-field-gradient (bp-d-PFG) methodology is capable of reporting on unique microarchitectural features of highly heterogeneous systems. This was demonstrated on a toluene-in-water emulsion system, quartz sand, and even biological specimens such as yeast cells and isolated gray matter. We find that in the emulsion and yeast cells systems, the angular bp-d-PFG methodology uniquely revealed nearly an image of the pore space, since it conveyed direct microarchitectural information such as compartment shape and size. In two different quartz sand specimens, the angular bp-d-PFG experiments demonstrated the presence of randomly oriented anisotropic compartments. We also obtained unequivocal evidence that diffusion in interconnected interstices is restricted and therefore non-Gaussian. In biological contexts, the angular bp-d-PFG experiments could uniquely differentiate between spherical cells and randomly oriented compartments in gray matter tissue, information that could not be obtained by conventional NMR methods. The angular bp-d-PFG methodology also performs very well even when severe background gradients are present, as is often encountered in realistic systems. We conclude that this method seems to be the method of choice for characterizing the microstructure of porous media and biological cells noninvasively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Shemesh
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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34
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Grosso D, Ribot F, Boissiere C, Sanchez C. Molecular and supramolecular dynamics of hybrid organic–inorganic interfaces for the rational construction of advanced hybrid nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:829-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00039f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Fluorosulfate Positive Electrode Materials Made with Polymers as Reacting Media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3477936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Rao Y, Antalek B, Minter J, Mourey T, Blanton T, Slater G, Slater L, Fornalik J. Organic solvent-dispersed TiO(2) nanoparticle characterization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:12713-12720. [PMID: 19856994 DOI: 10.1021/la901783g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles are derivatized with the polymerizable reagent (3-methacryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane to provide dispersions in organic solvent. The titania core particles are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The organic component structures and thickness are elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), quasielastic light scattering (QELS), and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Thin, high-refractive-index coatings prepared from the organic dispersions are characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The combination of microscopies, spectroscopy, light scattering, and separation techniques provides unique information on the structure, thickness, morphology, and size distributions of the surface-treated nanoparticles that is difficult to obtain by any single technique. The findings indicate titania platelets with a modal diameter of 9.8 nm and a thickness of approximately 1.5 nm. The particles are coated with a 1.5-1.9 nm thick organic ligand layer, and a substantial population of 2 nm siloxane oligomers is detected. The analytical methodology presented may also be useful for characterizing other anisotropic organic-inorganic nanoparticles and their dispersions.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuanQiao Rao
- Kodak Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York 14650-2132, USA
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Li C, Jiang L, Liu H, Li Y, Song Y. Stabilization and Large Nonlinearity of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with a π-Conjugated Polymer. Chemphyschem 2009; 10:2058-65. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zhang H, Kerssebaum R, Gschwind RM. Improved applicability of DOSY experiments by high resolution probes combined with gradient amplifiers of diffusion units. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2009; 47:568-572. [PMID: 19384916 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Short relaxation times and small diffusion coefficients often impede reliable diffusion experiments due to insufficient signal to noise ratios, especially in low temperature studies, where in the case of small diffusion coefficients in combination with very short T(2) times and substantial convection, double-stimulated-echo experiments are required as last resort of convection-compensating DOSY pulse sequences. Therefore, the combination of a strong gradient amplifier of a diffusion unit with Z-gradient high resolution probes is tested for low temperature applications to combine the advantages of high (1)H resolution, flexible temperature, and multinuclear applications with short gradient durations and diffusion delay. The experimental spectra on phosphoramidite ligands and phosphoramidite-copper complexes show that signal to noise improvements up to 176% were achieved despite longer eddy current delays and increased noise levels. Calculational estimations of the enhancement factors predict special benefits for systems with short transversal relaxation times and small diffusion coefficients and promise even higher enhancement factors for noise level optimized combinations. In addition, an easy way is presented to find fast and effectively relaxation optimized DOSY parameters for the convection-compensated double-stimulated-echo pulse sequence of Jerschow and Müller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zhang
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Extracellular matrix binding mixed micelles for drug delivery applications. J Control Release 2009; 137:146-51. [PMID: 19332089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Revised: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We present the formation of collagen-binding mixed micelles and their potential suitability to deliver therapeutic drugs to the vessel wall. We modified poly(ethylene oxide)-bl-poly(propylene oxide)-bl-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127) to display sulfate groups on the terminus of the PEO block to act as a heparin mimics and bind to collagen in the extracellular matrix. This functionalized macroamphiphile was incorporated into a mixed micelle with poly(propylene sulfide)-bl-poly(ethylene oxide), a macroamphiphile that demonstrates improved micellar stability relative to Pluronic F-127 micelles. The mixed micelles were examined using analytical ultracentrifugation, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and measures of the critical micellar concentration using surface tensiometry. Encapsulation and in vitro release of Sirolimus, an immunosuppressant drug of interest in coronary artery treatment, was considered as an example. Mixed micelles with the sulfate functionality demonstrated enhanced binding to collagen I coated surfaces, suggestive of the potential for binding to the extracellular milieu.
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Vo CD, Kilcher G, Tirelli N. Polymers and Sulfur: what are Organic Polysulfides Good For? Preparative Strategies and Biological Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 30:299-315. [PMID: 21706606 DOI: 10.1002/marc.200800740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 11/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur(II)-containing polymers (polysulfides) combine flexible synthetic and processing techniques with a unique responsiveness to oxidants. Here, the polysulfide oxidative sensitivity is put into the biological context of the development of new anti-inflammatory therapies - the development of new anti-inflammatory methodologies, adopted interactions and the minimisation of foreign-body reactions - through the review of 50 years of research on polysulfide synthetic methodologies. Attention is paid to the identification of the most flexible and robust preparative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Duan Vo
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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Tiede K, Boxall AB, Tear SP, Lewis J, David H, Hassellöv M. Detection and characterization of engineered nanoparticles in food and the environment. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2008; 25:795-821. [DOI: 10.1080/02652030802007553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Tiede
- a Central Science Laboratory , Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK
- e Environment Department , University of York , Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, UK
| | - Alistair B.A. Boxall
- a Central Science Laboratory , Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK
- e Environment Department , University of York , Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, UK
| | | | - John Lewis
- a Central Science Laboratory , Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK
| | - Helen David
- c Unilever Colworth, Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre , Bedford, UK
| | - Martin Hassellöv
- d Department of Chemistry , University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg, Sweden
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Functionalization of polysulfide nanoparticles and their performance as circulating carriers. Biomaterials 2008; 29:1958-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 12/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cozzolino S, Sanna MG, Valentini M. Probing interactions by means of pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46 Suppl 1:S16-S23. [PMID: 18855336 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Molecular self-diffusion coefficients (D) of species in solution are related to size and shape and can be used for studying association phenomena. Pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) spectroscopy has been revealed to be a powerful analytical tool for D measurement in different research fields. The present work briefly illustrates the use of PFG-NMR for assessing the existence of interactions in very different chemical systems: organic and organometallic compounds, colloidal materials and biological aggregates. The application of PFG-NMR is remarkable for understanding the role of anions in homogenous transition metal catalysis and for assessing the aggregation behaviour of biopolymers in material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cozzolino
- Agricultural Research Council, Research Centre for Plant Soil System, Instrumental Centre of Tor Mancina, S. P. Pascolarese-Strada della Neve Km 1, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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45
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Meristoudi A, Pispas S, Vainos N. Self-assembly in solutions of block and random copolymers during metal nanoparticle formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kilcher G, Duckham C, Tirelli N. Emulsion macromonomer cross-linking. A preparative method for oxidation-responsive nanoparticles with a controlled network structure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:12309-12317. [PMID: 17960944 DOI: 10.1021/la701543t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We here report on a preparative, template-based method for oxidation-responsive, poly(propylene sulfide) cross-linked nanoparticles. In this study we demonstrate that preformed, narrow polydispersity, and end-functional polysulfides can be dispersed to yield stable emulsions, which can then be converted into stable nanoparticles through photochemically initiated cross-linking. The nanoparticle size is substantially templated on that of the precursor emulsions; the nanoparticles bulk is an elastomeric material with a homogeneous cross-linking density. The nanoparticles show a peculiar, two-stage behavior upon exposure to oxidants, which is likely composed of a first agglomeration phase followed by swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giona Kilcher
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Merican Z, Schiller TL, Hawker CJ, Fredericks PM, Blakey I. Self-assembly and encoding of polymer-stabilized gold nanoparticles with surface-enhanced Raman reporter molecules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:10539-45. [PMID: 17824719 DOI: 10.1021/la702218b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared and encoded with a range of surface-enhanced Raman reporter molecules. A range of as-synthesized polymers produced by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization were demonstrated to self-assemble at the surface of AuNPs dispersed in water. The method involved the coprecipitation of polymer-gold conjugates by the addition of polymer dissolved in a water-miscible solvent to gold AuNPs dispersed in water. This method represents a simplification of the preparation of polymer-stabilized AuNPs compared with other published methods, in that the AuNPs do not need to be first transferred to an organic solvent. The process enabled the polymer stabilized AuNPs to be easily recovered by filtration or by phase transfer of the AuNPs to an organic solvent in which the RAFT polymer was soluble. The polymer-stabilized AuNPs were characterized by a range of methods including UV-visible spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, 1H pulsed field gradient spin echo NMR was utilized to characterize the self-diffusion of the polymer-stabilized AuNPs. Finally, we then demonstrated that these polymer-stabilized AuNPs maintained their ability to be encoded with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy reporter molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zul Merican
- Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Zhang JL, Huang JS, Che CM. Oxidation chemistry of poly(ethylene glycol)-supported carbonylruthenium(II) and dioxoruthenium(VI) meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin. Chemistry 2007; 12:3020-31. [PMID: 16491497 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
[Ru(II)(F(20)-tpp)(CO)] (1, F(20)-tpp=meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrinato dianion) was covalently attached to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) through the reaction of 1 with PEG and sodium hydride in DMF. The water-soluble PEG-supported ruthenium porphyrin (PEG-1) is an efficient catalyst for 2,6-Cl(2)pyNO oxidation and PhI==NTs aziridination/amidation of hydrocarbons, and intramolecular amidation of sulfamate esters with PhI(OAc)(2). Oxidation of PEG-1 by m-CPBA in CH(2)Cl(2), dioxane, or water afforded a water-soluble PEG-supported dioxoruthenium(VI) porphyrin (PEG-2), which could react with hydrocarbons to give oxidation products in up to 80 % yield. The behavior of the two PEG-supported ruthenium porphyrin complexes in water was probed by NMR spectroscopy and dynamic light-scattering measurements. PEG-2 is remarkably stable to water. The second-order rate constants (k(2)) for the oxidation of styrene and ethylbenzene by PEG-2 in dioxane-water increase with water content, and the k(2) values at a water content of 70 % or 80 % are up to 188 times that obtained in ClCH(2)CH(2)Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Taglienti A, Cellesi F, Crescenzi V, Sequi P, Valentini M, Tirelli N. Investigating the Interactions of Hyaluronan Derivatives with Biomolecules. The Use of Diffusional NMR Techniques. Macromol Biosci 2006; 6:611-22. [PMID: 16881041 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200600041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
[Chemical structure: see text] The interactions between a biomaterial and biomolecules present in body fluids often determine the fate of the biomaterial. This paper presents a study on hyaluronan (HA)-containing materials (in soluble or colloidal form) that focuses on their interactions with lipids and proteins and for the first time uses PFG NMR as an analytical technique for probing these events. The interactions of HA-based polymers with phospholipids (DPPC and DPPG liposomes) are shown to depend both on charge and hydrophobicity factors. Despite the difference in behavior between albumin (substantially non-adhesive) and fibrinogen (adhesive), the interactions of the polymers with proteins do not seem to be based on hydrophobic effects but on surface polar interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Taglienti
- Department of Chemistry, University "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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50
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Bakkour Y, Vermeersch G, Morcellet M, Boschin F, Martel B, Azaroual N. Formation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes with Doxycyclin-Hyclate: NMR Investigation of Their Characterisation and Stability. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-005-5108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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