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Lu B, Stolte M, Liu D, Zhang X, Zhao L, Tian L, Frisbie CD, Würthner F, Tao X, He T. High Sensitivity and Ultra-Broad-Range NH 3 Sensor Arrays by Precise Control of Step Defects on The Surface of Cl 2-Ndi Single Crystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308036. [PMID: 38308194 PMCID: PMC11005746 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Vapor sensors with both high sensitivity and broad detection range are technically challenging yet highly desirable for widespread chemical sensing applications in diverse environments. Generally, an increased surface-to-volume ratio can effectively enhance the sensitivity to low concentrations, but often with the trade-off of a constrained sensing range. Here, an approach is demonstrated for NH3 sensor arrays with an unprecedentedly broad sensing range by introducing controllable steps on the surface of an n-type single crystal. Step edges, serving as adsorption sites with electron-deficient properties, are well-defined, discrete, and electronically active. NH3 molecules selectively adsorb at the step edges and nearly eliminate known trap-like character, which is demonstrated by surface potential imaging. Consequently, the strategy can significantly boost the sensitivity of two-terminal NH3 resistance sensors on thin crystals with a few steps while simultaneously enhancing the tolerance on thick crystals with dense steps. Incorporation of these crystals into parallel sensor arrays results in ppb-to-% level detection range and a convenient linear relation between sheet conductance and semi-log NH3 concentration, allowing for the precise localization of vapor leakage. In general, the results suggest new opportunities for defect engineering of organic semiconductor crystal surfaces for purposeful vapor or chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Lihui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Liehao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota55455USA
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Xutang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
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2
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He J, Liang B, Kong W, Dai J, Liu F, Pan S, Wang C, Sun P, Kang B, Wang Y, Lu G. Self-Healing, Laminated, and Low Resistance NH 3 Sensor Based on 6,6',6″-(Nitrilotris(benzene-4,1-diyl))tris(5-phenylpyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile) Sensing Material Operating at Room Temperature. ACS Sens 2024; 9:171-181. [PMID: 38159288 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT), gas sensors with the function of simulating the human sense of smell became irreplaceable as a key element. Among them, ammonia (NH3) sensors played an important role in respiration tests, environmental monitoring, safety, and other fields. However, the fabrication of the high-performance device with high stability and resistance to mechanical damages was still a challenge. In this work, polyurethane (PU) with excellent self-healing ability was applied as the substrate, and the sensor was designed from new sensitive material design and device structure optimization, through applying the organic molecule with groups which could absorb NH3 and the laminated structure to shorten the electronic transmission path to achieve a low resistance state and favorable sensing properties. Accordingly, a room temperature flexible NH3 sensor based on 6,6',6″-(nitrilotris(benzene-4,1-diyl))tris(5-phenylpyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile) (TPA-3DCNPZ) was successfully developed. The device could self-heal by means of a thermal evaporation assisted method. It exhibited a detection limit of 1 ppm at 98% relative humidity (RH), as well as great stability, selectivity, bending flexibility, and self-healing properties. The improved NH3 sensing performance under high RH was further investigated by complex impedance plots (CIPs) and density functional theory (DFT), attributing to the enhanced adsorption of NH3. The TPA-3DCNPZ based NH3 sensors proved to have great potential for application on simulated exhaled breath to determine the severity of kidney diseases and the progress of treatment. This work also provided new ideas for the construction of high-performance room temperature NH3 sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming He
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Baoyan Liang
- Jihua Laboratory, 28 Huandao South Road, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Weibo Kong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fangmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Si Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bonan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors, Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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3
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Kumar A, Nwosu ID, Meunier-Prest R, Lesniewska E, Bouvet M. Tuning of Interfacial Charge Transport in Organic Heterostructures via Aryl Electrografting for Efficient Gas Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:3795-3808. [PMID: 38224467 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Modulation of interfacial conductivity in organic heterostructures is a highly promising strategy to improve the performance of electronic devices. In this endeavor, the present work reports the fabrication of a bilayer heterojunction device, combining octafluoro copper phthalocyanine (CuF8Pc) and lutetium bis-phthalocyanine (LuPc2) and tunes the charge transport at the Cu(F8Pc)-(LuPc2) interface by aryl electrografting on the device electrode to improve the device NH3-sensing properties. Dimethoxybenzene (DMB) and tetrafluoro benzene (TFB) electrografted by an aryldiazonium electroreduction method form a few-nanometer-thick organic film on ITO. The conductivity of the heterojunction devices formed by coating a Cu(F8Pc)/LuPc2 bilayer over the aryl-grafted electrode strongly varies according to the electronic effects of the substituents in the aryl. Accordingly, DMB increases while TFB decreases the mobile charges accumulation at the Cu(F8Pc)-(LuPc2) interface. This is explained by the perfect alignment of the frontier molecular orbitals of DMB and Cu(F8Pc), facilitating charge injection into the Cu(F8Pc) layer. On the contrary, TFB behaves like a strong acceptor and reduces the mobile charges accumulation at the Cu(F8Pc)-(LuPc2) interface. Such interfacial conductivity variation influences the device NH3-sensing properties, which increase because of DMB grafting and decrease in the presence of TFB. DMB-based heterojunction devices contain four times higher active sites for NH3 adsorption and could detect NH3 down to 1 ppm with limited interference from humidity, making them suitable for real environment NH3 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon Cedex 21078, France
| | - Ikechukwu David Nwosu
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon Cedex 21078, France
| | - Rita Meunier-Prest
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon Cedex 21078, France
| | - Eric Lesniewska
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), UMR CNRS 6303, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon Cedex 21078, France
| | - Marcel Bouvet
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, Dijon Cedex 21078, France
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4
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Wang Z, Hu J, Lu J, Zhu X, Zhou X, Huang L, Chi L. Charge Transport Manipulation via Interface Doping: Achieving Ultrasensitive Organic Semiconductor Gas Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8355-8366. [PMID: 36735056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor (OSC) gas sensors are receiving tremendous attention with the rise of wearable devices. Due to the complicated charge transport characteristics of OSCs, it is usually difficult to optimize their gas sensitivity by directly tailoring the original signals, as in many other kinds of sensors. Instead, device engineering strategies are frequently centered on enhancing the gas-film interaction. Herein, by introducing interface doping between self-assembled monolayers and triisopropylsilylethynyl-substituted pentacene films, we report a wide tuning of OSC gas sensitivity via charge transport manipulation and achieve an ultrahigh sensitivity of nearly 2000%/ppm to NO2, simultaneously resulting in a fast square-wave-like response feature. In addition, this sensor demonstrates good humidity stability and operates well in flexible devices. More importantly, we identify that charge transport manipulation tailors the gas sensibility of OSCs by means of electronic structure instead of original signal values: compared to shallow traps, the presence of proper deep traps is conducive to gaining high sensitivity and ultrafast response/recovery speeds. This approach is also effective for tuning the sensitivity to reductive gases, verifying its generality for promoting the performance of OSC gas sensors, as well as a promising strategy for other types of sensors or detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Gusu Laboratory of Materials, 388 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215009, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Lanzhou University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Lanzhou University Lanzhou P. R. China
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6
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Abbenseth J, Townrow OPE, Goicoechea JM. Thermoneutral N−H Bond Activation of Ammonia by a Geometrically Constrained Phosphine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Abbenseth
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Oliver P. E. Townrow
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
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7
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Abbenseth J, Townrow OPE, Goicoechea JM. Thermoneutral N-H Bond Activation of Ammonia by a Geometrically Constrained Phosphine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23625-23629. [PMID: 34478227 PMCID: PMC8596738 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A geometrically constrained phosphine bearing a tridentate NNS pincer ligand is reported. The effect of the geometric constraint on the electronic structure was probed by theoretical calculations and derivatization reactions. Reactions with N-H bonds result in formation of cooperative addition products. The thermochemistry of these transformations is strongly dependent on the substrate, with ammonia activation being thermoneutral. This represents the first example of a molecular compound that reversibly activates ammonia via N-H bond scission in solution upon mild heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Abbenseth
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOX1 3TAOxfordUK
| | | | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOX1 3TAOxfordUK
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8
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Zhu L, Wang Z, Lu J, Zhou X, Zeng Z, Huang L, Chi L. Influence of SAM Quality on the Organic Semiconductor Thin Film Gas Sensors. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Kumar A, Meunier-Prest R, Bouvet M. Organic Heterojunction Devices Based on Phthalocyanines: A New Approach to Gas Chemosensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4700. [PMID: 32825335 PMCID: PMC7506627 DOI: 10.3390/s20174700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Organic heterostructures have emerged as highly promising transducers to realize high performance gas sensors. The key reason for such a huge interest in these devices is the associated organic heterojunction effect in which opposite free charges are accumulated at the interface making it highly conducting, which can be exploited in producing highly sensitive and faster response kinetics gas sensors. Metal phthalocyanines (MPc) have been extensively studied to fabricate organic heterostructures because of the large possibilities of structural engineering which are correlated with their bulk thin film properties. Accordingly, in this review, we have performed a comprehensive literature survey of the recent researches reported about MPc based organic heterostructures and their application in gas sensors. These heterostructures were used in Organic Field-Effect Transistor and Molecular Semiconductor-Doped Insulator sensing device configurations, in which change in their electrical properties such as field-effect mobility and saturation current in the former and current at a fixed bias in the latter under redox gases exposure were assessed to determine the chemosensing performances. These sensing devices have shown very high sensitivity to redox gases like nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone and ammonia (NH3), which monitoring is indispensable for implementing environmental guidelines. Some of these sensors exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity to NH3 demonstrated by a detection limit of 140 ppb and excellent signal stability under variable humidity, making them among the best NH3 sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR CNRS 6302, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon CEDEX, France;
| | | | - Marcel Bouvet
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR CNRS 6302, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon CEDEX, France;
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10
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Lu B, Fang X, Yan D. Luminescent Polymorphic Co-crystals: A Promising Way to the Diversity of Molecular Assembly, Fluorescence Polarization, and Optical Waveguide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:31940-31951. [PMID: 32551468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The design of molecular optoelectronic materials based on fabricating polymorphs and/or co-crystals has received much recent attention in the fields of luminescence, sensors, nonlinear optics, and so on. If the advantages of the two crystal engineering strategies above were combined, the diversity of self-assembly fashions and the tuning of photofunctional performances would be largely extended. However, such multicomponent examples have still been very limited to date. Herein, we report the construction of luminescent polymorphic co-crystals by assembly of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (TPFB) with 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) and acridine (AC) as paradigms. Different stacking modes and arrangement styles based on identical building block units in polymorphic co-crystals result in adjustable crystalline morphologies and variant photophysical properties (such as fluorescence wavelength, lifetimes, and up-conversion luminescence). The optimized photoluminescence quantum yield (63.1%) and lifetime (57.1 ns) are much higher than those of the pristine assembled units. In addition, two polymorphic co-crystals (DCA@TPFB-1 and AC@TPFB-2) present prominent fluorescence polarization and optical waveguide behaviors due to the highly regulated molecular orientation. Their high one-dimensional luminescence anisotropy (0.652) and low optical waveguide loss (0.0079 dB/μm) outperform most state-of-the-art low-dimensional molecular systems and thus endow them with great opportunities for photonic materials and devices. Therefore, this work not only confirms that constructing polymorphic co-crystals can be an effective way to design new photofunctional materials for luminescence and photonic applications but also discloses a deep understanding on the relationship between variant self-assembled fashions and tunable photofunctional properties of new TPFB-based molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
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11
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Bridges CR, Baumgartner T. Lewis acids and bases as molecular dopants for organic semiconductors. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Li H, Shi Y, Han G, Liu J, Zhang J, Li C, Liu J, Yi Y, Li T, Gao X, Di C, Huang J, Che Y, Wang D, Hu W, Liu Y, Jiang L. Monolayer Two-dimensional Molecular Crystals for an Ultrasensitive OFET-based Chemical Sensor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4380-4384. [PMID: 31943644 PMCID: PMC7079129 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity of conventional thin-film OFET-based sensors is limited by the diffusion of analytes through bulk films and remains the central challenge in sensing technology. Now, for the first time, an ultrasensitive (sub-ppb level) sensor is reported that exploits n-type monolayer molecular crystals (MMCs) with porous two-dimensional structures. Thanks to monolayer crystal structure of NDI3HU-DTYM2 (NDI) and controlled formation of porous structure, a world-record detection limit of NH3 (0.1 ppb) was achieved. Moreover, the MMC-OFETs also enabled direct detection of solid analytes of biological amine derivatives, such as dopamine at an extremely low concentration of 500 ppb. The remarkably improved sensing performances of MMC-OFETs opens up the possibility of engineering OFETs for ultrasensitive (bio)chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Yanjun Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Xike Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional MoleculesCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Chongan Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai201804China
| | - Yanke Che
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic SciencesDepartment of ChemistrySchool of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
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13
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Li H, Shi Y, Han G, Liu J, Zhang J, Li C, Liu J, Yi Y, Li T, Gao X, Di C, Huang J, Che Y, Wang D, Hu W, Liu Y, Jiang L. Monolayer Two‐dimensional Molecular Crystals for an Ultrasensitive OFET‐based Chemical Sensor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yanjun Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xike Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional MoleculesCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chongan Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji University Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Yanke Che
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic SciencesDepartment of ChemistrySchool of ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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14
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Ikeuchi T, Kudo R, Yoshii T, Kobayashi N, Kitazawa Y, Kimura M. Activation of Water at the Active‐Site Cavity of Zinc Phthalocyanine with Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Ikeuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University 386‐8567 Ueda Japan
| | - Ryota Kudo
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University 386‐8567 Ueda Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshii
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University 386‐8567 Ueda Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University 386‐8567 Ueda Japan
| | - Yu Kitazawa
- Research Initiative for Supra‐Materials (RISM) Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER) Shinshu University 386‐8567 Ueda Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University 386‐8567 Ueda Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra‐Materials (RISM) Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER) Shinshu University 386‐8567 Ueda Japan
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15
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Meresa AA, Kim FS. Selective Ammonia-Sensing Platforms Based on a Solution-Processed Film of Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) and p-Doping Tris(Pentafluorophenyl)Borane. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E128. [PMID: 31948128 PMCID: PMC7022764 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we fabricate ammonia sensors based on organic transistors by using poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) blended with tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (TPFB) as an active layer. As TPFB is an efficient p-type dopant for P3HT, the current level of the blend films can be easily modulated by controlling the blend ratio. The devices exhibit significantly increased on-state and off-state current levels owing to the ohmic current originated from the large number of charge carriers when the active polymer layer contains TPFB with concentrations up to 20 wt % (P3HT:TPFB = 8:2). The current is decreased at 40 wt % of TPFB (P3HT:TPFB = 6:4). The P3HT:TPFB blend with a weight ratio of 9:1 exhibits the highest sensing performances for various concentrations of ammonia. The device exhibits an increased percentage current response compared to that of a pristine P3HT device. The current response of the P3HT:TPFB (9:1) device at 100 ppm of ammonia is as high as 65.8%, 3.2 times that of the pristine P3HT (20.3%). Furthermore, the sensor based on the blend exhibits a remarkable selectivity to ammonia with respect to acetone, methanol, and dichloromethane, owing to the strong interaction between the Lewis acid (TPFB) and Lewis base (ammonia).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Sunjoo Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
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16
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Ai L, Chen Y, He L, Luo Y, Li S, Xu C. Synthesis of structured polysiloxazanes via a Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14019-14022. [PMID: 31690921 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of siloxazanes were successfully prepared by a Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction between methoxydisilazanes and the corresponding hydrosilanes. Polysiloxazanes with narrow dispersion were also synthesized from methoxydisilazanes and Si-H terminated oligosiloxanes. The possible interaction mechanism between tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane and the methoxydisilazane was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Ai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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17
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Kwak D, Lei Y, Maric R. Ammonia gas sensors: A comprehensive review. Talanta 2019; 204:713-730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Lee SH, Oh BM, Hong CY, Jung SK, Park SH, Jeon GG, Kwon YW, Jang S, Lee Y, Kim D, Kim JH, Kwon OP. Gas-Induced Ion-Free Stable Radical Anion Formation of Organic Semiconducting Solids as Highly Gas-Selective Probes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:35904-35913. [PMID: 31545029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The formation of stabilized radical anions on organic materials in the solid state is an important issue in radical-based fundamental research and various applications. Herein, for the first time, we report on gas-induced ion-free stable radical anion formation (SRAF) of organic semiconducting solids with high gas selectivities through the use of organic field-effect transistor (OFET) gas sensors and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. In contrast to the previously reported SRAF, which requires either anionic analytes in solution and/or cationic substituents on π-electron-deficient aromatic cores, NDI-EWGs consist of an n-type semiconducting naphthalene diimide (NDI) and various electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) that exhibit non-ion-involved, gas-selective SRAF in the solid state. In the presence of hard Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs exhibit enhanced conductivity (Current-ON mode) through the formation of an SRAF NDI/gas complex, while in the presence of borderline and soft Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs show decreased conductivity (Current-OFF mode) by the formation of a resistive NDI/gas complex. Organic semiconducting solids with EWGs exhibiting highly gas-selective solid-SRAF constitute a very promising platform for radical-based chemistry and can be used in various applications, such as highly gas-selective probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Heon Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Byeong M Oh
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Chan Yoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry , Kyonggi University , San 94-6, Iui-dong , Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si , Gyeonggi 443-760 , Korea
| | - Su-Kyo Jung
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Sung-Ha Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Gyeong G Jeon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Young-Wan Kwon
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
| | - Seokhoon Jang
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering , DGIST , 333, Techno Jungang Daero , Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu 42988 , Korea
| | - Youngu Lee
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering , DGIST , 333, Techno Jungang Daero , Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu 42988 , Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Kyonggi University , San 94-6, Iui-dong , Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si , Gyeonggi 443-760 , Korea
| | - Jong H Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - O-Pil Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
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19
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Zhang F, Lemaur V, Choi W, Kafle P, Seki S, Cornil J, Beljonne D, Diao Y. Repurposing DNA-binding agents as H-bonded organic semiconductors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4217. [PMID: 31527590 PMCID: PMC6746806 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are usually polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their analogs containing heteroatom substitution. Bioinspired materials chemistry of organic electronics promises new charge transport mechanism and specific molecular recognition with biomolecules. We discover organic semiconductors from deoxyribonucleic acid topoisomerase inhibitors, featuring conjugated backbone decorated with hydrogen-bonding moieties distinct from common organic semiconductors. Using ellipticine as a model compound, we find that hydrogen bonds not only guide polymorph assembly, but are also critical to forming efficient charge transport pathways along π-conjugated planes when at a low dihedral angle by shortening the end-to-end distance of adjacent π planes. In the π-π stacking and hydrogen-bonding directions, the intrinsic, short-range hole mobilities reach as high as 6.5 cm2V-1s-1 and 4.2 cm2V-1s-1 measured by microwave conductivity, and the long-range apparent hole mobilities are up to 1.3 × 10-3 cm2V-1s-1 and 0.4 × 10-3 cm2V-1s-1 measured in field-effect transistors. We further demonstrate printed transistor devices and chemical sensors as potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Wookjin Choi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Soft Electronics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Prapti Kafle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
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20
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Wu Y, Xiao Y, Wang X, Li X, Wang Y. Chirality Discrimination at the Single Molecule Level by Using a Cationic Supermolecule Quasi-Gated Organic Field Effect Transistor. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2009-2017. [PMID: 31274289 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Achieving rapid and highly sensitive small molecule chiral discrimination is a great challenge in modern-day analytical sciences. Herein, an organic field effect transistors (OFET) is developed by employing an imidazolium 3,5-dimethylphenylcabamoylated-β-cyclodextrin (Im+-Ph-β-CD) as both the recognition unit and a quasi gate, which induces a secondary accumulation channel of electrons in the n-type transistor to achieve the signal transduction and amplification via field effect. The charge of the imidazolium group is partially shielded due to its self-inclusion in the CD cavity, and this shielding effect is reduced at varying degrees in the existence of isomers due to the competitive inclusion. Consequently, the different weak intermolecular interactions related to the target-induced CD-enantiomer complexation with different geometry and stabilization energy for each isomer can be transformed to electronic signals based on the variety of Im+-Ph-β-CD's effective charge rather than the intrinsic charge of analytes, hence leading to chiral differentiation, and the hydrogen-bonding network of Im+-Ph-β-CD membrane further magnifies the signal. This working strategy even allows chiral discrimination of electrically neutral analytes. The as-prepared sensor affords rapid and real-time discrimination to small molecule enantiomers at single molecule level with a limit of detection of 8.1 × 10-19 M in a 200 μL volume (about 100 small molecules). Moreover, we prove the great potential of the chiral organic field effect transistor in quantitative analysis of commercial medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
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21
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Paterson AF, Tsetseris L, Li R, Basu A, Faber H, Emwas AH, Panidi J, Fei Z, Niazi MR, Anjum DH, Heeney M, Anthopoulos TD. Addition of the Lewis Acid Zn(C 6 F 5 ) 2 Enables Organic Transistors with a Maximum Hole Mobility in Excess of 20 cm 2 V -1 s -1. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900871. [PMID: 31074923 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating the molecular organic Lewis acid tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane [B(C6 F5 )3 ] into organic semiconductors has shown remarkable promise in recent years for controlling the operating characteristics and performance of various opto/electronic devices, including, light-emitting diodes, solar cells, and organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). Despite the demonstrated potential, however, to date most of the work has been limited to B(C6 F5 )3 with the latter serving as the prototypical air-stable molecular Lewis acid system. Herein, the use of bis(pentafluorophenyl)zinc [Zn(C6 F5 )2 ] is reported as an alternative Lewis acid additive in high-hole-mobility OTFTs based on small-molecule:polymer blends comprising 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno [3,2-b][1]benzothiophene and indacenodithiophene-benzothiadiazole. Systematic analysis of the materials and device characteristics supports the hypothesis that Zn(C6 F5 )2 acts simultaneously as a p-dopant and a microstructure modifier. It is proposed that it is the combination of these synergistic effects that leads to OTFTs with a maximum hole mobility value of 21.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 . The work not only highlights Zn(C6 F5 )2 as a promising new additive for next-generation optoelectronic devices, but also opens up new avenues in the search for high-mobility organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra F Paterson
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonidas Tsetseris
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, GR-15780, Greece
| | - Ruipeng Li
- Brookhaven National Lab, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Aniruddha Basu
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hendrik Faber
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julianna Panidi
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Zhuping Fei
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Muhammad R Niazi
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalaver H Anjum
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Li C, Wang Y, Zhang T, Zheng B, Xu J, Miao Q. Tertiary Amines Differentiated from Primary and Secondary Amines by Active Ester-Functionalized Hexabenzoperylene in Field Effect Transistors. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1676-1680. [PMID: 30644643 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report two novel derivatives of hexabenzoperylene (HBP) that are functionalized with ester groups. Methyl acetate functionalized HBP (1) in single crystals self-assembles into a supramolecular nanosheet, which has a two-dimensional π-stack of HBP sandwiched between two layers of ester groups. With the same self-assembly motif, active ester-functionalized HBP (2) in field effect transistors has enabled differentiation of tertiary amines from primary and secondary amines, in agreement with the fact that active ester reacts with primary and secondary amines but not with tertiary amines to form amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiankai Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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23
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Zhang S, Zhao Y, Du X, Chu Y, Zhang S, Huang J. Gas Sensors Based on Nano/Microstructured Organic Field-Effect Transistors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805196. [PMID: 30730106 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Benefiting from the advantages of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), including synthetic versatility of organic molecular design and environmental sensitivity, gas sensors based on OFETs have drawn much attention in recent years. Potential applications focus on the detection of specific gas species such as explosive, toxic gases, or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play vital roles in environmental monitoring, industrial manufacturing, smart health care, food security, and national defense. To achieve high sensitivity, selectivity, and ambient stability with rapid response and recovery speed, the regulation and adjustment of the nano/microstructure of the organic semiconductor (OSC) layer has proven to be an effective strategy. Here, the progress of OFET gas sensors with nano/microstructure is selectively presented. Devices based on OSC films one dimensional (1D) single crystal nanowires, nanorods, and nanofibers are introduced. Then, devices based on two dimensional (2D) and ultrathin OSC films, fabricated by methods such as thermal evaporation, dip-coating, spin-coating, and solution-shearing methods are presented, followed by an introduction of porous OFET sensors. Additionally, the applications of nanostructured receptors in OFET sensors are given. Finally, an outlook in view of the current research state is presented and eight further challenges for gas sensors based on OFETs are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Zhao
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Du
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yingli Chu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Shen Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
- Putuo District People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200060, P. R. China
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24
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Sizov AS, Trul AA, Chekusova V, Borshchev OV, Vasiliev AA, Agina EV, Ponomarenko SA. Highly Sensitive Air-Stable Easily Processable Gas Sensors Based on Langmuir-Schaefer Monolayer Organic Field-Effect Transistors for Multiparametric H 2S and NH 3 Real-Time Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43831-43841. [PMID: 30465602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A combination of low limit of detection, low power consumption, and portability makes organic field-effect transistor (OFET) chemical sensors promising for various applications in the areas of industrial safety control, food spoilage detection, and medical diagnostics. However, the OFET sensors typically lack air stability and restoration capability at room temperature. Here, we report on a new design of highly sensitive gas sensors based on Langmuir-Schaefer monolayer organic field-effect transistors (LS OFETs) prepared from organosilicon derivative of [1]benzothieno[3,2- b][1]-benzothiophene. The devices fabricated are able to operate in air and allow an ultrafast detection of different analytes at low concentrations down to tens of parts per billion. The sensors are reusable and can be utilized in real-time air-quality monitoring systems. We show that a direct current response of the LS OFET can be split into the alteration of various transistor parameters, responsible for the interactions with different toxic gases. The sensor response acquiring approach developed allows distinguishing two different gases, H2S and NH3, with a single sensing device. The results reported open new perspectives for the OFET-based gas-sensing technology and pave the way for easy detection of the other types of gases, enabling the development of complex air analysis systems based on a single sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Sizov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Moscow 117393 , Russia
- Printed Electronics Technologies LLC , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Office 410, Moscow 117393 , Russia
| | - Askold A Trul
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Moscow 117393 , Russia
- Printed Electronics Technologies LLC , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Office 410, Moscow 117393 , Russia
| | - Viktoriya Chekusova
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Moscow 117393 , Russia
- Printed Electronics Technologies LLC , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Office 410, Moscow 117393 , Russia
| | - Oleg V Borshchev
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Moscow 117393 , Russia
- Printed Electronics Technologies LLC , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Office 410, Moscow 117393 , Russia
| | - Alexey A Vasiliev
- Printed Electronics Technologies LLC , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Office 410, Moscow 117393 , Russia
- NRC Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov Complex of Physical and Chemical Technologies , Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1 , Moscow 123182 , Russia
| | - Elena V Agina
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Moscow 117393 , Russia
- Printed Electronics Technologies LLC , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Office 410, Moscow 117393 , Russia
| | - Sergei A Ponomarenko
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya st. 70 , Moscow 117393 , Russia
- Chemistry Department , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory 1-3 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
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25
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Li H, Shi W, Song J, Jang HJ, Dailey J, Yu J, Katz HE. Chemical and Biomolecule Sensing with Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Chem Rev 2018; 119:3-35. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hyun-June Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jennifer Dailey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Howard E. Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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26
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Huang W, Hayward RC. Orthogonal Ambipolar Semiconductors with Inherently Multi-Dimensional Responses for the Discriminative Sensing of Chemical Vapors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33353-33359. [PMID: 30226738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous examples of field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors and chemical sensors with good sensitivity and selectivity have now been developed. However, effectively discriminating between analytes has required either the use of receptors that selectively bind specific analytes or the fabrication of an array of sensors with varying but nonspecific responses. Both approaches exhibit significant limitations. In the first case, it can be difficult to design sufficiently specific receptors for many compounds, whereas the number of receptors required scales with the number of analytes to be detected, making it impractical to recognize many different compounds. In the second case, existing approaches to FET sensor arrays are generally material-inefficient and provide modest sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate that orthogonal ambipolar semiconductors consisting of semiconducting p-type polymers and n-type small-molecule nanowires with perpendicular in-plane orientations provide a platform with high sensitivity and inherently multi-dimensional response. This allows for discrimination between even closely related derivatives such as aromatic isomers and n-alkyl alcohols varying in length by a single carbon atom resolution using only a single sensor element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Ryan C Hayward
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
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27
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Zhang B, Hernández Sánchez R, Zhong Y, Ball M, Terban MW, Paley D, Billinge SJL, Ng F, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C. Hollow organic capsules assemble into cellular semiconductors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1957. [PMID: 29769520 PMCID: PMC5956104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of electroactive molecules is a promising route to new types of functional semiconductors. Here we report a capsule-shaped molecule that assembles itself into a cellular semiconducting material. The interior space of the capsule with a volume of ~415 Å3 is a nanoenvironment that can accommodate a guest. To self-assemble these capsules into electronic materials, we functionalize the thiophene rings with bromines, which encode self-assembly into two-dimensional layers held together through halogen bonding interactions. In the solid state and in films, these two-dimensional layers assemble into the three-dimensional crystalline structure. This hollow material is able to form the active layer in field effect transistor devices. We find that the current of these devices has strong response to the guest’s interaction within the hollow spaces in the film. These devices are remarkable in their ability to distinguish, through their electrical response, between small differences in the guest. Perylene diimide-bithiophene macrocycles are electroactive and shape-persistent hosts. Here, the authors describe their self-assembly into a cellular organic semiconducting film whose voids are electrically sensitive to different guests, and which can function as the active layer in a field-effect transistor device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Raúl Hernández Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.,Columbia Nano Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Melissa Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Maxwell W Terban
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Daniel Paley
- Columbia Nano Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Simon J L Billinge
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.,Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Fay Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | | | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA. .,The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China.
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28
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Zhou X, Niu K, Wang Z, Huang L, Chi L. An ammonia detecting mechanism for organic transistors as revealed by their recovery processes. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:8832-8839. [PMID: 29714381 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01275j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin film transistor (OTFT) based gas sensors have demonstrated promising applications, owing to their advantages of high selectivity and room temperature operation, accompanied by their low cost, large scale manufacture, and flexibility. However, the understanding of the sensing mechanism is far from clear. Herein, we reveal the sensing mechanism of an organic transistor sensor for ammonia (NH3) detection through studying the recovery behavior in various atmospheres. Inspired by the significant difference in the recovery of the transistor sensor in N2 and in air, we deduced that the operation mechanism should not only involve the NH3-film interaction. Among a series of recovery processes, only upon exposure to wet air can the sensors completely recover in a certain time. Such a phenomenon, coupled with the transistor's performance evolution under vacuum, directly evidenced the existence of a pre-doping effect in the transistor by water (H2O) in ambient air. As a result, the response to the NH3 analyte is actually a de-doping process via reaction with the H2O. The full recovery in wet air is attributable to re-doping by H2O. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to assist the understanding of such a sensing mechanism. This study could help in the understanding of the sensing processes in many organic semiconductor based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, PR China.
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29
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Wang Y, Guo H, Harbuzaru A, Uddin MA, Arrechea-Marcos I, Ling S, Yu J, Tang Y, Sun H, López Navarrete JT, Ortiz RP, Woo HY, Guo X. (Semi)ladder-Type Bithiophene Imide-Based All-Acceptor Semiconductors: Synthesis, Structure–Property Correlations, and Unipolar n-Type Transistor Performance. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6095-6108. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Han Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Alexandra Harbuzaru
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Mohammad Afsar Uddin
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Iratxe Arrechea-Marcos
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Shaohua Ling
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yumin Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Huiliang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | | | - Rocio Ponce Ortiz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Han Young Woo
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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30
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Arslan M, Kiskan B, Yagci Y. Ring-Opening Polymerization of 1,3-Benzoxazines via Borane Catalyst. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E239. [PMID: 30966274 PMCID: PMC6415064 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane was used as Lewis acid catalyst to lower the ring opening polymerization temperature (ROP) of 1,3-benzoxazines. Dynamic scanning calorimeter studies revealed that on-set ROP temperatures were decreased as much as 98 °C for model benzoxazine compounds. Catalytic polymerization was traced by both FTIR and ¹H NMR, and revealed that tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane acted rapidly and fast curing achieved. Moreover, thermal properties of resulting polybenzoxazines were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and found out that the catalyst has high impact on char yield and even 3 mol % catalyst augmented char yields up to 13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
| | - Baris Kiskan
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
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31
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Mun S, Park Y, Lee YEK, Sung MM. Highly Sensitive Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on Single-Crystal Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) Organic Field Effect Transistor. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:13554-13560. [PMID: 29125766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive organic field-effect transistor (OFET)-based sensor for ammonia in the range of 0.01 to 25 ppm was developed. The sensor was fabricated by employing an array of single-crystal poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanowires as the organic semiconductor (OSC) layer of an OFET with a top-contact geometry. The electrical characteristics (field-effect mobility, on/off current ratio) of the single-crystal P3HT nanowire OFET were about 2 orders of magnitude larger than those of the P3HT thin film OFET with the same geometry. The P3HT nanowire OFET showed excellent sensitivity to ammonia, about 3 times higher than that of the P3HT thin film OFET at 25 ppm ammonia. The ammonia response of the OFET was reversible and was not affected by changes in relative humidity from 45 to 100%. The high ammonia sensitivity of the P3HT nanowire OFET is believed to result from the single crystal nature and high surface/volume ratio of the P3HT nanowire used in the OSC layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohyun Mun
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yong-Eun Koo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Myung Mo Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University , Seoul 04763, Korea
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32
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Huang J, Zhang G, Zhao X, Wu X, Liu D, Chu Y, Katz HE. Direct Detection of Dilute Solid Chemicals with Responsive Lateral Organic Diodes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12366-12369. [PMID: 28837328 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) have emerged as promising sensors targeting chemical analytes in vapors and liquids. However, the direct detection of solid chemicals by OFETs has not been achieved. Here for the first time, we describe the direct detection of solid chemical analytes by organic electronics. An organic diode structure based on a horizontal side-by-side p-n junction was adopted and shown to be superior to OFETs for this purpose. The diodes showed more than 40% current decrease upon exposure to 1 ppm melamine powders. The estimated detection limit to melamine can potentially reach the ppb range. This is the first demonstration of an electronic signal from an interaction between a solid and an organic p-n junction directly, which suggests that our lateral organic diodes are excellent platforms for the development of future sensors when direct detection of solid chemicals is needed. The approach developed here is general and can be extended to chemical sensors targeting various analytes, opening unprecedented opportunities for the development of low-cost and high-performance solid chemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Guoqian Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Dapeng Liu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Yingli Chu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Howard E Katz
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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33
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Huang W, Zhuang X, Melkonyan FS, Wang B, Zeng L, Wang G, Han S, Bedzyk MJ, Yu J, Marks TJ, Facchetti A. UV-Ozone Interfacial Modification in Organic Transistors for High-Sensitivity NO 2 Detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1701706. [PMID: 28614602 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new type of nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) gas sensor based on copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin film transistors (TFTs) with a simple, low-cost UV-ozone (UVO)-treated polymeric gate dielectric is reported here. The NO2 sensitivity of these TFTs with the dielectric surface UVO treatment is ≈400× greater for [NO2 ] = 30 ppm than for those without UVO treatment. Importantly, the sensitivity is ≈50× greater for [NO2 ] = 1 ppm with the UVO-treated TFTs, and a limit of detection of ≈400 ppb is achieved with this sensing platform. The morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition of the gate dielectric and CuPc films are analyzed by atomic force microscopy, grazing incident X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealing that the enhanced sensing performance originates from UVO-derived hydroxylated species on the dielectric surface and not from chemical reactions between NO2 and the dielectric/semiconductor components. This work demonstrates that dielectric/semiconductor interface engineering is essential for readily manufacturable high-performance TFT-based gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xinming Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Ferdinand S Melkonyan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Binghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Shijiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Michael J Bedzyk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Flexterra Inc., 8025 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077, USA
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34
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Randell NM, Fransishyn KM, Kelly TL. Lewis Acid-Base Chemistry of 7-Azaisoindigo-Based Organic Semiconductors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:24788-24796. [PMID: 28670896 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b06335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Low-band-gap organic semiconductors are important in a variety of organic electronics applications, such as organic photovoltaic devices, photodetectors, and field effect transistors. Building on our previous work, which introduced 7-azaisoindigo as an electron-deficient building block for the synthesis of donor-acceptor organic semiconductors, we demonstrate how Lewis acids can be used to further tune the energies of the frontier molecular orbitals. Coordination of a Lewis acid to the pyridinic nitrogen of 7-azaisoindigo greatly diminishes the electron density in the azaisoindigo π-system, resulting in a substantial reduction in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy. This results in a smaller highest occupied molecular orbital-LUMO gap and shifts the lowest-energy electronic transition well into the near-infrared region. Both H+ and BF3 are shown to coordinate to azaisoindigo and affect the energy of the S0 → S1 transition. A combination of time-dependent density functional theory and UV/vis and 1H NMR spectroscopic titrations reveal that when two azaisoindigo groups are present and high concentrations of acid are used, both pyridinic nitrogens bind Lewis acids. Importantly, we demonstrate that this acid-base chemistry can be carried out at the solid-vapor interface by exposing thin films of aza-substituted organic semiconductors to vapor-phase BF3·Et2O. This suggests the possibility of using the BF3-bound 7-azaisoindigo-based semiconductors as n-type materials in various organic electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Randell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Kyle M Fransishyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Timothy L Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C9
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35
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Li H, Dailey J, Kale T, Besar K, Koehler K, Katz HE. Sensitive and Selective NO 2 Sensing Based on Alkyl- and Alkylthio-Thiophene Polymer Conductance and Conductance Ratio Changes from Differential Chemical Doping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:20501-20507. [PMID: 28590717 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
NO2-responsive polymer-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are described, and room-temperature detection with high sensitivity entirely from the semiconductor was achieved. Two thiophene polymers, poly(bisdodecylquaterthiophene) and poly(bisdodecylthioquaterthiophene) (PQT12 and PQTS12, respectively), were used as active layers to detect a concentration at least as low as 1 ppm of NO2. The proportional on-current change of OFETs using these polymers reached over 400% for PQTS12, which is among the highest sensitivities reported for a NO2-responsive device based on an organic semiconducting film. From measurements of cyclic voltammetry and the electronic characteristics, we found that the introduction of sulfurs into the side chains induces traps in films of the PQTS12 and also decreases domain sizes, both of which could contribute to the higher sensitivity of PQTS12 to NO2 gas compared with PQT12. The ratio of responses of PQTS12 and PQT12 is higher for exposures to lower concentrations, making this parameter a means of distinguishing responses to low concentrations for extended times from exposures to high concentrations from shorter times. The responses to nonoxidizing vapors were much lower, indicating good selectivity to NO2 of two polymers. This work demonstrates the capability of increasing selectivity and calibration of OFET sensors by modulating redox and aggregation properties of polymer semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jennifer Dailey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Tejaswini Kale
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kalpana Besar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kirsten Koehler
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Howard E Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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36
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Song J, Dailey J, Li H, Jang HJ, Zhang P, Wang JTH, Everett AD, Katz HE. Extended Solution Gate OFET-based Biosensor for Label-free Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Detection with Polyethylene Glycol-Containing Bioreceptor Layer. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2017; 27:1606506. [PMID: 29606930 PMCID: PMC5873605 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201606506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel organic field effect transistor (OFET) -based biosensor is described for label-free glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) detection. We report the first use of an extended solution gate structure where the sensing area and the organic semiconductor are separated, and a reference electrode is not needed. Different molecular weight polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are mixed into the bio-receptor layer to help extend the Debye screening length. The drain current change was significantly increased with the help of higher molecular weight PEGs, as they are known to reduce the dielectric constant. We also investigated the sensing performance under different gate voltage (Vg). The sensitivity increased after we decreased Vg from -5 V to -2 V, because the lower Vg is much closer to the OFET threshold voltage and the influence of attached negatively charged proteins become more apparent. Finally, the selectivity experiments toward different interferents were performed. The stability and selectivity are promising for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jennifer Dailey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hyun-June Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jeff Tza-Huei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Allen D Everett
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Children's Center, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Howard E Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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37
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Nketia-Yawson B, Jung AR, Noh Y, Ryu GS, Tabi GD, Lee KK, Kim B, Noh YY. Highly Sensitive Flexible NH 3 Sensors Based on Printed Organic Transistors with Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7322-7330. [PMID: 28164692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the sensing mechanism in organic chemical sensors is essential for improving the sensing performance such as detection limit, sensitivity, and other response/recovery time, selectivity, and reversibility for real applications. Here, we report a highly sensitive printed ammonia (NH3) gas sensor based on organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) with fluorinated difluorobenzothiadiazole-dithienosilole polymer (PDFDT). These sensors detected NH3 down to 1 ppm with high sensitivity (up to 56%) using bar-coated ultrathin (<4 nm) PDFDT layers without using any receptor additives. The sensing mechanism was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, hydrogen/fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance, and UV/visible absorption spectroscopy. PDFDT-NH3 interactions comprise hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between the PDFDT polymer backbone and NH3 gas molecules, thus lowering the highest occupied molecular orbital levels, leading to hole trapping in the OTFT sensors. Additionally, density functional theory calculations show that gaseous NH3 molecules are captured via cooperation of fluorine atoms and dithienosilole units in PDFDT. We verified that incorporation of functional groups that interact with a specific gas molecule in a conjugated polymer is a promising strategy for producing high-performance printed OTFT gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A-Ra Jung
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Kyung-Koo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University , 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - BongSoo Kim
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University , 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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38
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Wang W, Wang L, Dai G, Deng W, Zhang X, Jie J, Zhang X. Controlled Growth of Large-Area Aligned Single-Crystalline Organic Nanoribbon Arrays for Transistors and Light-Emitting Diodes Driving. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2017; 9:52. [PMID: 30393747 PMCID: PMC6199044 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-017-0153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on organic micro-/nanocrystals have been widely reported with charge carrier mobility exceeding 1.0 cm2 V-1 s-1, demonstrating great potential for high-performance, low-cost organic electronic applications. However, fabrication of large-area organic micro-/nanocrystal arrays with consistent crystal growth direction has posed a significant technical challenge. Here, we describe a solution-processed dip-coating technique to grow large-area, aligned 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl) anthracene (BPEA) and 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-PEN) single-crystalline nanoribbon arrays. The method is scalable to a 5 × 10 cm2 wafer substrate, with around 60% of the wafer surface covered by aligned crystals. The quality of crystals can be easily controlled by tuning the dip-coating speed. Furthermore, OFETs based on well-aligned BPEA and TIPS-PEN single-crystalline nanoribbons were constructed. By optimizing channel lengths and using appropriate metallic electrodes, the BPEA and TIPS-PEN-based OFETs showed hole mobility exceeding 2.0 cm2 V-1 s-1 (average mobility 1.2 cm2 V-1 s-1) and 3.0 cm2 V-1 s-1 (average mobility 2.0 cm2 V-1 s-1), respectively. They both have a high on/off ratio (I on/I off) > 109. The performance can well satisfy the requirements for light-emitting diodes driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaole Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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39
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Huang L, Wang Z, Zhu X, Chi L. Electrical gas sensors based on structured organic ultra-thin films and nanocrystals on solid state substrates. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2016; 1:383-393. [PMID: 32260628 DOI: 10.1039/c6nh00040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensors, as useful tools to detect specific gas species such as toxic and explosive gases or volatile organic compounds, are the key components for environmental monitoring, fruit maturity and food safety monitoring, health care, and so on. The present commercial products based on porous metal oxide materials still face problems, such as high temperature operation and low level of selectivity. Thin films or nanostructures of organic materials with thickness or grain size down to nanometer scale represent promising candidates for gas sensing due to their potential for achieving high selectivity, portability and low cost. However, there are still challenges related to their stability, reproducibility and response/recovery speed despite the efforts in materials design, morphology control or device configuration, all of which have been expended during the last few decades. In this review, we summarize the progress of recent research on gas sensors based on organic ultra-thin films and nanostructures. We specifically discuss the effect of microstructure in the active layer on the sensing performance and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.
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40
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Zang Y, Huang D, Di CA, Zhu D. Device Engineered Organic Transistors for Flexible Sensing Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:4549-4555. [PMID: 26833747 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OFETs) represent a promising candidate for next-generation sensing applications because of the intrinsic advantages of organic semiconductors. The development of flexible sensing devices has received particular interest in the past few years. The recent efforts of developing OFETs for sensitive and specific flexible sensors are summarized from the standpoint of device engineering. The tuning of signal transduction and signal amplification are highlighted based on an overview of active-layer thickness modulation, functional receptor implantation and device geometry optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dazhen Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chong-An Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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41
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Jalil AR, Chang H, Bandari VK, Robaschik P, Zhang J, Siles PF, Li G, Bürger D, Grimm D, Liu X, Salvan G, Zahn DRT, Zhu F, Wang H, Yan D, Schmidt OG. Fully Integrated Organic Nanocrystal Diode as High Performance Room Temperature NO2 Sensor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:2971-7. [PMID: 26890153 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201506293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organic diodes consisting of molecular nano-pyramid structures sandwiched between metal and strained nano-membrane electrodes are created. The robust and smooth contacts provided by self-curled metal layers render the molecular nano-pyramids efficent channels for detecting nitrogen dioxide airflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rehman Jalil
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hao Chang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, China
| | - Vineeth Kumar Bandari
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Robaschik
- Semiconductor Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Pablo F Siles
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Guodong Li
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Danilo Bürger
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Grimm
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Semiconductor Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Feng Zhu
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Haibo Wang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, China
| | - Donghang Yan
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, China
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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42
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Wang B, Ding J, Zhu T, Huang W, Cui Z, Chen J, Huang L, Chi L. Fast patterning of oriented organic microstripes for field-effect ammonia gas sensors. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:3954-3961. [PMID: 26840884 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr09001f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with patterned ultra-thin films for NH3 detection are achieved via fast dip-coating. The morphology and packing structure of the ultra-thin films are greatly dependent on the surface energy of the substrates, geometry features of the patterned electrodes and evaporation atmosphere during the dip-coating process, which in turn results in a significant difference in the NH3 sensing properties. Based on the newly proposed mechanism, low-trap dielectric-semiconductor interfaces, a stripe-like morphology and an ultrathin film (as low as 2 nm) enable the OFET-based sensors to exhibit unprecedented sensitivity (∼160) with a short response/recovery time. The efficient (2 mm s(-1)), reliable, and scalable patterning strategy opens a new route for solution-processed OFET-based gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jinqiang Ding
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Tao Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Zequn Cui
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jianmei Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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43
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Zhao SS, Yang J, Liu YY, Ma JF. Fluorescent Aromatic Tag-Functionalized MOFs for Highly Selective Sensing of Metal Ions and Small Organic Molecules. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2261-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Zhao
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science,
Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Yang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science,
Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Liu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science,
Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fang Ma
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science,
Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People’s Republic of China
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44
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Yang Y, Zhang G, Luo H, Yao J, Liu Z, Zhang D. Highly Sensitive Thin-Film Field-Effect Transistor Sensor for Ammonia with the DPP-Bithiophene Conjugated Polymer Entailing Thermally Cleavable tert-Butoxy Groups in the Side Chains. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:3635-3643. [PMID: 26883723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The sensing and detection of ammonia have received increasing attention in recent years because of the growing emphasis on environmental and health issues. In this paper, we report a thin-film field-effect transistor (FET)-based sensor for ammonia and other amines with remarkable high sensitivity and satisfactory selectivity by employing the DPP-bithiophene conjugated polymer pDPPBu-BT in which tert-butoxycarboxyl groups are incorporated in the side chains. This polymer thin film shows p-type semiconducting property. On the basis of TGA and FT-IR analysis, tert-butoxycarboxyl groups can be transformed into the -COOH ones by eliminating gaseous isobutylene after thermal annealing of pDPPBu-BT thin film at 240 °C. The FET with the thermally treated thin film of pDPPBu-BT displays remarkably sensitive and selective response toward ammonia and volatile amines. This can be attributed to the fact that the elimination of gaseous isobutylene accompanies the formation of nanopores with the thin film, which will facilitate the diffusion and interaction of ammonia and other amines with the semiconducting layer, leading to high sensitivity and fast response for this FET sensor. This FET sensor can detect ammonia down to 10 ppb and the interferences from other volatile analytes except amines can be negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guanxin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hewei Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jingjing Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zitong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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45
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Lv A, Wang M, Wang Y, Bo Z, Chi L. Investigation into the Sensing Process of High-Performance H2S Sensors Based on Polymer Transistors. Chemistry 2016; 22:3654-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aifeng Lv
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Xinjiekouwaidajie Street 19 Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Yandong Wang
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Zhishan Bo
- College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Xinjiekouwaidajie Street 19 Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials; Devices Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM); Soochow University; Renai Rd. 199 215123 Suzhou P.R. China
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46
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47
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Gündüz B. Investigation of the spectral, optical and surface morphology properties of the N
,N
′-Dipentyl-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide small molecule for optoelectronic applications. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bayram Gündüz
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education; Muş Alparslan University; Muş 49250 Turkey
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48
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Lee MY, Kim HJ, Jung GY, Han AR, Kwak SK, Kim BJ, Oh JH. Highly sensitive and selective liquid-phase sensors based on a solvent-resistant organic-transistor platform. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1540-1546. [PMID: 25640109 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-phase sensing of various organic solvents is performed for the first time, using a solvent-resistant organic-transistor platform. Sensors composed of a cross-linked poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-azide co-polymer and a calixarene derivative exhibit highly sensitive and selective sensing behavior, owing to the selective binding effects of the liquid analytes with the calixarene-functionalized P3HT-azide, extending the range of their use in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moo Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Korea
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49
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Tan C, Zhang W, Zheng J, You X, Lin X, Li S. Fabrication of metal–organic single crystalline nanowires and reduced graphene oxide enhancement for an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7117-7124. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schematic of the copper phthalocyanine nanowire modified glassy carbon electrode with reduced graphene oxide–Nafion composite film used for detecting dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Tan
- College of Chemistry and Environment
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Morden Analytical Science and Separation Technology
- Minnan Normal University
- Zhangzhou 363000
- P. R. China
| | - Wuxiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environment
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Morden Analytical Science and Separation Technology
- Minnan Normal University
- Zhangzhou 363000
- P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Environment
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Morden Analytical Science and Separation Technology
- Minnan Normal University
- Zhangzhou 363000
- P. R. China
| | - Xiuli You
- College of Chemistry and Environment
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Morden Analytical Science and Separation Technology
- Minnan Normal University
- Zhangzhou 363000
- P. R. China
| | - Xuan Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environment
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Morden Analytical Science and Separation Technology
- Minnan Normal University
- Zhangzhou 363000
- P. R. China
| | - Shunxing Li
- College of Chemistry and Environment
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Morden Analytical Science and Separation Technology
- Minnan Normal University
- Zhangzhou 363000
- P. R. China
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50
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Abstract
This tutorial review reports the recent progress on OFET gas sensors, including their working principle, and protocols for high-performance sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- People's Republic of China
| | - Penglei Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- People's Republic of China
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