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Xu H, Guo Z, Chen P, Wang S. Toward durable all-inorganic perovskite solar cells: from lead-based to lead-free. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39356171 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc04000g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted extensive attention from the photovoltaic (PV) community due to their fast-growing power conversion efficiency from 3.8% to 26.7% in only 15 years. However, these organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs suffer from inferior long-term operational stability under thermal and light stress, due to the fragile hydrogen bonds between organic cations and inorganic slabs. This motivates the exploration of more robust all-inorganic alternatives against external stimuli, by substituting inorganic cesium (Cs) cations for volatile organic cations. Despite reinforced ionic interaction between Cs cations and metal halide frameworks, these Cs-based all-inorganic perovskites tend to undergo spontaneous phase transition from photoactive black phases to non-perovskite yellow phases at room temperature, significantly deteriorating their optoelectronic performance. Thus, tremendous efforts have been made to stabilize the black phase of CsPbI3, while the phase instability issue of the tin-based analogue of CsSnI3 has not been resolved yet. This highlight article summarizes the empirical advances in stabilizing the metastable phases of CsPbI3, aiming to provide useful guidelines to accelerate the development of phase-stable CsSnI3 for durable lead-free PV applications. Finally, the remaining challenges and future research opportunities are outlined, providing a road map to realize efficient and durable all-inorganic perovskite solar cells towards practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhe Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Zhaochen Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Songcan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.
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2
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Tekin A, Kalpar M, Tekin E. Exploring the potential of Sn-Ge based hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites: A density functional theory based computational screening study. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:074703. [PMID: 39167549 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells have attracted significant attention in the field of optoelectronics due to their exceptional photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties. Although lead (Pb)-based perovskites exhibit the highest power conversion efficiencies, concerns about their toxicity and environmental impact have prompted significant research activities to explore alternative compositions. In this regard, a special emphasis has been devoted to tin (Sn) and germanium (Ge) based perovskites. In order to reveal the full potential of Sn-Ge based perovskites, we computationally screened perovskites with a general formula of A0.5A0.5'SnyGe1-yX3 (y = 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00) at the density functional theory level, particularly using the HSE06 hybrid functional. By using 18 A/A'-cations, four X-anions, and five different y compositions, a total of 7695 perovskites in cubic (C), orthogonal (O), and tetragonal (T) phases were considered, and the most promising ones have been filtered out based on their formation energy and bandgap. More specifically, 596, 525, and 542 C-, O-, and T-phase perovskites have been identified with a HSE06 bandgap range of 1.0-2.0 eV. While the Sn1.00Ge0.00 composition was dominated for both C- and O-phases, for the T-phase, a higher number of promising perovskites were obtained with the Sn0.75Ge0.25 composition. It has also been found that Sn-rich perovskites exhibit more favorable bandgap characteristics compared to Ge-rich ones. FA, MS, MA, K, Cs, and Rb are the most favored A/A'-cations in these promising perovskites. Moreover, I- overwhelmingly prevails as the dominant anion. Further experimental validation may uncover the true capabilities and practical applicability of these promising perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Tekin
- Informatics Institute, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (TÜBİTAK-TBAE), Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Merve Kalpar
- Informatics Institute, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Emine Tekin
- Chemisty Department, Düzce University, 81010 Düzce, Türkiye
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3
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Kang Z, Wang K, Zhang L, Yang Y, Wu J, Tong Y, Yan P, Chen Y, Qi H, Sun K, Müller-Buschbaum P, Zhang X, Shang J, Wang H. Homogenizing The Low-Dimensional Phases for Stable 2D-3D Tin Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402028. [PMID: 38970557 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
2D-3D tin-based perovskites are considered as promising candidates for achieving efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the existence of multiple low-dimensional phases formed during the film preparation hinders the efficient transport of charge carriers. In addition, the non-homogeneous distribution of low-dimensional phases leads to lattice distortion and increases the defect density, which are undesirable for the stability of tin-based PSCs. Here, mixed spacer cations [diethylamine (DEA+) and phenethylamine (PEA+)] are introduced into tin perovskite films to modulate the distribution of the 2D phases. It is found that compared to the film with only PEA+, the combination of DEA+ and PEA+ favors the formation of homogeneous low-dimensional perovskite phases with three octahedral monolayers (n = 3), especially near the bottom interface between perovskite and hole transport layer. The homogenization of 2D phases help improve the film quality with reduced lattice distortion and released strain. With these merits, the tin PSC shows significantly improved stability with 94% of its initial efficiency retained after storing in a nitrogen atmosphere for over 4600 h, and over 80% efficiency maintained after continuous illumination for 400 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyong Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi, Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jiandong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Peng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yali Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Heng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Jingzhi Shang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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Wang H, Ouyang R, Chen W, Pasquarello A. High-Quality Data Enabling Universality of Band Gap Descriptor and Discovery of Photovoltaic Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17636-17645. [PMID: 38698551 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Extensive machine-learning-assisted research has been dedicated to predicting band gaps for perovskites, driven by their immense potential in photovoltaics. Yet, the effectiveness is often hampered by the lack of high-quality band gap data sets, particularly for perovskites involving d orbitals. In this work, we consistently calculate a large data set of band gaps with a high level of accuracy, which is rigorously validated by experimental and state-of-the-art GW band gaps. Leveraging this achievement, our machine-learning-derived descriptor exhibits exceptional universality and robustness, proving effectiveness not only for single and double, halide and oxide perovskites regardless of the underlying atomic structures but also for hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites. With this approach, we comprehensively explore up to 15,659 materials, unveiling 14 unreported lead-free perovskites with suitable band gaps for photovoltaics. Notably, MASnBr3, FA2SnGeBr6, MA2AuAuBr6, FA2AuAuBr6, FA2InBiCl6, FA2InBiBr6, and Ba2InBiO6 stand out with direct band gaps, small effective masses, low exciton binding energies, and high stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Wang
- Chaire de Simulation à l' Echelle Atomique (CSEA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Runhai Ouyang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alfredo Pasquarello
- Chaire de Simulation à l' Echelle Atomique (CSEA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Ma X, Wang N. Open-circuit voltage deficits in Tin-based perovskite solar cells. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:393002. [PMID: 38906134 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad5ad0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency of Pb-based single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has surpassed 26%; however, the biocompatibility concerns associated with Pb pose threats to both the environment and living organisms. Consequently, the development of Pb-free PSCs is imperative. Among the various alternatives to Pb-based PSCs, Sn-based PSCs have exhibited outstanding optoelectronic properties, showing great potential for large-scale manufacturing and commercialization. Nevertheless, there remains a significant efficiency gap between Sn-based and Pb-based PSCs. The disparity primarily stems from substantial open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficits in Sn-based PSCs, typically ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 V. The main reason ofVOCdeficits is severe non-radiative recombination losses, which are caused by the uncontrolled crystallization kinetics of Sn halide perovskites and the spontaneous oxidation of Sn2+. This review summarizes the reasons forVOCdeficits in Sn-based PSCs, and the corresponding strategies to mitigate these issues. Additionally, it outlines the persistent challenges and future prospects for Sn-based PSCs, providing guidance to assist researchers in developing more efficient and stable Sn-based perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Ma
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Yamaguchi S, Motohashi M, Kimata H, Xue D, Zou X, Saeki A, Nakamura T, Wakamiya A, Marumoto K. Effects of the Addition of Tin Powder to Perovskite Precursor Solutions on Band Bending at PEDOT:PSS/Perovskite Interfaces in Mixed-Cation Mixed-Halide Tin Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6392-6397. [PMID: 38860919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, we investigated the effects of the addition of tin (Sn) powder to perovskite layers on band bending at the perovskite surface near poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole-transport layers in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) involving formamidinium (FA)-methylammonium (MA)-mixed-cation I-Br-mixed-halide tin perovskites. We performed dark ESR spectroscopy measurements of a PEDOT:PSS/FA0.75MA0.25Sn(I0.75Br0.25)3 stack and of a PEDOT:PSS/Sn-powder-added FA0.75MA0.25Sn(I0.75Br0.25)3 stack. The results indicate that FA0.75MA0.25Sn(I0.75Br0.25)3 layers have significant downward band bending near PEDOT:PSS layers. Such downward band bending is unfavorable for hole selectivity and surface passivation at the interface. However, the addition of Sn powder to the tin perovskite precursor solution was found to significantly prevent the downward band bending and rather cause upward band bending, which can improve the hole selectivity and field-effect passivation quality. This can be due to prevented oxidation of perovskite layers by Sn powder addition. These findings are crucial for developing highly efficient and stable tin perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuang Wang
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Seira Yamaguchi
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Institute of Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Mayu Motohashi
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Haru Kimata
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Xiangtao Zou
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Marumoto
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Institute of Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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Liu T, Wang J, Liu Y, Min L, Wang L, Yuan Z, Sun H, Huang L, Li L, Meng X. Cyano-Coordinated Tin Halide Perovskites for Wearable Health Monitoring and Weak Light Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400090. [PMID: 38433566 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Low-toxicity tin halide perovskites with excellent optoelectronic properties are promising candidates for photodetection. However, tin halide perovskite photodetectors have suffered from high dark current owing to uncontrollable Sn2+ oxidation. Here, 2-cyanoethan-1-aminium iodide (CNI) is introduced in CH(NH2)2SnI3 (FASnI3) perovskite films to inhibit Sn2+ oxidation by the strong coordination interaction between the cyano group (C≡N) and Sn2+. Consequently, FASnI3-CNI films exhibit reduced nonradiative recombination and lower trap density. The self-powered photodetector based on FASnI3-CNI exhibits low dark current (1.04 × 10-9 A cm-2), high detectivity (2.2 × 1013 Jones at 785 nm), fast response speed (2.62 µs), and good stability. Mechanism studies show the increase in the activation energy required for thermal emission and generated carriers, leading to a lower dark current in the FASnI3-CNI photodetector. In addition, flexible photodetectors based on FASnI3-CNI, exhibiting high detectivity and fast response speed, are employed in wearable electronics to monitor the human heart rate under weak light and zero bias conditions. Finally, the FASnI3-CNI perovskite photodetectors are integrated with a 32 × 32 thin-film transistor backplane, capable of ultraweak light (170 nW cm-2) real-time imaging with high contrast, and zero power consumption, demonstrating the great potential for image sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Liu
- School of Optoelectronics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junfang Wang
- School of Optoelectronics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongsi Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liangliang Min
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- School of Optoelectronics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ziquan Yuan
- School of Optoelectronics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haoxuan Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Le Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xiangyue Meng
- School of Optoelectronics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Chen CH, Yu MH, Wang YY, Tseng YC, Chao IH, Ni IC, Lin BH, Lu YJ, Chueh CC. Enhancing the Performance of 2D Tin-Based Pure Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes through the Synergistic Effect of Natural Antioxidants and Cyclic Molecular Additives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307774. [PMID: 38200683 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Tin (Sn)-based perovskites are being investigated in many optoelectronic applications given their similar valence electron configuration to that of lead-based perovskites and the potential environmental hazards of lead-based perovskites. However, the formation of high-quality Sn-based perovskite films faces several challenges, mainly due to the easy oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ and the fast crystallization rate. Here, to develop an environmentally friendly process for Sn-based perovskite fabrication, a series of natural antioxidants are studied as additives and ascorbic acid (VitC) is found to have a superior ability to inhibit the oxidation problem. A common cyclic molecule, 18-Crown-6, is further added as a second additive, which synergizes with VitC to significantly reduce the nonradiative recombination pathways in the PEA2SnI4 film. This synergistic effect greatly improves the performance of 2D red Sn-based PeLED, with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 1.87% (≈9 times that of the pristine device), a purer color, and better bias stability. This work demonstrates the potential of the dual-additive approach in enhancing the performance of 2D Sn-based PeLEDs, while the use of these environmentally friendly additives contributes to their future sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Han Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsuan Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yu Wang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsiang Chao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - I-Chih Ni
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Hsuan Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Masawa SM, Zhao C, Liu J, Xu J, Yao J. Fabrication and Characterization of a Lead-Free Cesium Bismuth Iodide Perovskite through Antisolvent-Assisted Crystallization. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:626. [PMID: 38607160 PMCID: PMC11013909 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Cesium bismuth iodide perovskite material offers good stability toward ambient conditions and has potential optoelectronic characteristics. However, wide bandgap, absorber surface roughness, and poor surface coverage with pinholes are among the key impediments to its adoption as a photovoltaic absorber material. Herein, bandgap modification and the tailoring of surface morphology have been performed through molar ratio variation and antisolvent treatment, whereby type III antisolvent (toluene) based on Hansen space has been utilized. XRD and Raman spectroscopy analyses confirm the formation of a 0D/2D mixed dimensional structure with improved optoelectronic properties when the molar ratio of CsI/BiI3 was adjusted from 1.5:1 to 1:1.5. The absorption results and Tauc plot determination show that the fabricated film has a lower bandgap of 1.80 eV. TRPL analysis reveals that the film possesses a very low charge carrier lifetime of 0.94 ns, suggesting deep defects. Toluene improves the charge carrier lifetime to 1.89 ns. The average grain size also increases from 323.26 nm to 444.3 nm upon toluene addition. Additionally, the inclusion of toluene results in a modest improvement in PCE, from 0.23% to 0.33%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Maneno Masawa
- Beijing Laboratory of Energy and Clean Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (S.M.M.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (J.X.)
- Department of Petroleum and Energy Engineering, College of Earth Sciences and Engineering, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma 41218, Tanzania
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Energy and Clean Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (S.M.M.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (J.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing Laboratory of Energy and Clean Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (S.M.M.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (J.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Beijing Laboratory of Energy and Clean Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (S.M.M.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (J.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jianxi Yao
- Beijing Laboratory of Energy and Clean Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (S.M.M.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (J.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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10
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Ma X, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Liu L, Ju M, Wang N. Mitigating Surface Defects in Tin-Based Perovskite Films with α-Tocopherol for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307373. [PMID: 38012527 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Surface defects in tin-based perovskite films disrupt the periodic arrangement of atoms in crystals, making surface atoms more susceptible to interactions with water and oxygen molecules in the surrounding environment. The diffusion of oxygen ions into the perovskite interior leads to the formation of severe bulk defects, which compromises the performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). As a result, surface defects are recognized as the primary source of degradation and require special attention. In this study, α-Tocopherol (also known as vitamin E) into tin-based perovskite films is introduced. Experimental results show that because of its larger volume, α-Tocopherol does not enter the perovskite lattice. Instead, it forms van der Waals and hydrogen bond interactions with the formamidine ion (FA+) and the [SnI6]4- octahedron at the perovskite terminals. Through α-Tocopherol passivation, both surface and interior oxidation of the perovskite are significantly suppressed as α-Tocopherol firmly embeds itself on the perovskite surface. Density functional theory analysis confirms the inhibition of I─Sn antisite defects (ISn) and Sn interstitial defects (Sni), which possess deep trap states within the bandgap. Ultimately, it is demonstrated that α-Tocopherol enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 9.19% to 13.14% and prolongs the lifetime of tin-based PSCs to over 50 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Ma
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jianheng Zhou
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lang Liu
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Minggang Ju
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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Maziviero FV, Melo DMA, Medeiros RLBA, Oliveira ÂAS, Macedo HP, Braga RM, Morgado E. Advancements and Prospects in Perovskite Solar Cells: From Hybrid to All-Inorganic Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:332. [PMID: 38392705 PMCID: PMC10892290 DOI: 10.3390/nano14040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid perovskites, materials composed of metals and organic substances in their structure, have emerged as potential materials for the new generation of photovoltaic cells due to a unique combination of optical, excitonic and electrical properties. Inspired by sensitization techniques on TiO2 substrates (DSSC), CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites were studied as a light-absorbing layer as well as an electron-hole pair generator. Photovoltaic cells based on per-ovskites have electron and hole transport layers (ETL and HTL, respectively), separated by an ac-tive layer composed of perovskite itself. Major advances subsequently came in the preparation methods of these devices and the development of different architectures, which resulted in an efficiency exceeding 23% in less than 10 years. Problems with stability are the main barrier to the large-scale production of hybrid perovskites. Partially or fully inorganic perovskites appear promising to circumvent the instability problem, among which the black perovskite phase CsPbI3 (α-CsPbI3) can be highlighted. In more advanced studies, a partial or total substitution of Pb by Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi, Cu or Ti is proposed to mitigate potential toxicity problems and maintain device efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Velcic Maziviero
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Dulce M. A. Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo L. B. A. Medeiros
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ângelo A. S. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Heloísa P. Macedo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Renata M. Braga
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Ambiental—LABTAM, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (R.L.B.A.M.); (Â.A.S.O.); (H.P.M.); (R.M.B.)
- Agricultural School of Jundiaí, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba 59280-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Edisson Morgado
- PETROBRAS R&D Centre (CENPES), Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil;
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Jang WJ, Jang HW, Kim SY. Recent Advances in Wide Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells: Focus on Lead-Free Materials for Tandem Structures. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300207. [PMID: 37203293 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A tandem solar cell, which is composed of a wide bandgap (WBG) top sub-cell and a narrow bandgap (NBG) bottom subcell, harnesses maximum photons in the wide spectral range, resulting in higher efficiency than single-junction solar cells. WBG (>1.6 eV) perovskites are currently being studied a lot based on lead mixed-halide perovskites, and the power conversion efficiency of lead mixed-halide WBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs) reaches 21.1%. Despite the excellent device performance of lead WBG PSCs, their commercialization is hampered by their Pb toxicity and low stability. Hence, lead-free, less toxic WBG perovskite absorbers are needed for constructing lead-free perovskite tandem solar cells. In this review, various strategies for achieving high-efficiency WBG lead-free PSCs are discussed, drawing inspiration from prior research on WBG lead-based PSCs. The existing issues of WBG perovskites such as VOC loss are discussed, and toxicity issues associated with lead-based perovskites are also addressed. Subsequently, the natures of lead-free WBG perovskites are reviewed, and recently emerged strategies to enhance device performance are proposed. Finally, their applications in lead-free all perovskite tandem solar cells are introduced. This review presents helpful guidelines for eco-friendly and high-efficiency lead-free all perovskite tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jin Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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13
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Khan MI, Mujtaba A, Fatima M, Marzouki R, Hussain S, Anwar T. Impact of Ce doping on the optoelectronic and structural properties of a CsPbIBr 2 perovskite solar cell. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4166-4173. [PMID: 38230486 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05339c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This paper provides a detailed analysis of pure CsPbIBr2 and 4% Ce-doped CsPbIBr2 perovskite films, emphasizing their structural, optical and photovoltaic properties. X-ray diffraction confirms a predominant cubic perovskite phase in both samples, with Ce doping leading to the increased crystal size (21 nm to 32 nm). UV-vis spectroscopy reveals a reduced bandgap energy (2.2 eV to 2.1 eV) with Ce doping. Dielectric constant analysis indicates the enhanced permittivity of the Ce-doped sample, crucial for solar-cell light trapping. Energy band structure analysis demonstrates improved photovoltaic cell performance with Ce doping, yielding higher open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and efficiency (9.71%) compared to pure CsPbIBr2 (8.02%). Ce doping mitigates electron-hole recombination, enhancing cell stability, electron affinity, and power output. This research underscores the potential of cost-effective, efficient, and stable CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Khan
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Mahvish Fatima
- Department of physics, Deanship of educational services, Qassim university, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Marzouki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413 Abha, saudi Arabia
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Tauseef Anwar
- Department of Physics, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
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Chen L, Fu S, Li Y, Sun N, Yan Y, Song Z. On the Durability of Tin-Containing Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304811. [PMID: 37968252 PMCID: PMC10767427 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Tin (Sn)-containing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant attention in the field of perovskite optoelectronics due to lower toxicity than their lead-based counterparts and their potential for tandem applications. However, the lack of stability is a major concern that hampers their development. To achieve the long-term stability of Sn-containing PSCs, it is crucial to have a clear and comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms of Sn-containing perovskites and develop mitigation strategies. This review provides a compendious overview of degradation pathways observed in Sn-containing perovskites, attributing to intrinsic factors related to the materials themselves and environmental factors such as light, heat, moisture, oxygen, and their combined effects. The impact of interface and electrode materials on the stability of Sn-containing PSCs is also discussed. Additionally, various strategies to mitigate the instability issue of Sn-containing PSCs are summarized. Lastly, the challenges and prospects for achieving durable Sn-containing PSCs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Sheng Fu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - You Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Nannan Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Zhaoning Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
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Wang S, Wu C, Yao H, Xie L, Xiao Y, Ding L, Hao F. Defect Compensation and Lattice Stabilization Enables High Voltage Output in Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2308877. [PMID: 37948431 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Tin halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are regarded as the most promising lead-free alternatives for photovoltaic applications. However, they still suffer from uncompetitive photovoltaic performance because of the facile Sn2+ oxidation and Sn-related defects. Herein, a defect and carrier management strategy by using diaminopyridine (DP) and 4-bromo-2,6-diaminopyridine (4BrDP) as multifunctional additives for tin halide perovskites is reported. Both DP and 4BrDP induced strong interaction with tin perovskites by coordinate bonding and N─H···I hydrogen bonding, which greatly suppresses the micro-strain and Urbach energy of tin halide perovskite films. The strong hydrogen bonding inhibits the formation of I3 - and related defect density. Meanwhile, the electron-donor species of halogen bond in 4BrDP provides higher reactivity of 2 and 6 sites, which indicates stronger passivation ability with tin halide perovskites. These advances enable a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.40% in 4BrDP-processed devices with remarkable improvement in both open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of 881 mV and fill factor (FF) of 71.26%. The 4BrDP devices retain 91% and 82% of the pristine PCE after 2000 h storage in N2 atmosphere and 1000 h under 85 °C, respectively. Therefore, this work provides new insight into molecular design for high-performance and stable lead-free optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Huanhuan Yao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Lisha Xie
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and, Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Feng Hao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
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16
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Karim MA, Matsuishi K, Kayesh ME, He Y, Islam A. Inhibition of Sn 2+ Oxidation in FASnI 3 Perovskite Precursor Solution and Enhanced Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells by Reductive Additive. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45823-45833. [PMID: 37738477 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Tin-based halide perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) have attracted a progressive amount of attention as a potential alternative to lead-based PSCs (Pb-PSCs). Sn-perovskite films are fabricated by a solution process spin-coating technique. However, the efficiency of these devices varies significantly with the different batches of precursor solution due to the poor chemical stability of SnI2-DMSO and the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+. This study investigated the origin of Sn2+ oxidation before film formation, and it was identified that the ionization of SnI2 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) causes the oxidation of free Sn2+ and I- ions. To address these issues, this study introduces the reductive additive 4-fluorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (4F-PHCl) in the FASnI3 perovskite precursor solution. The hydrazine functional (-NH-NH2) group converted detrimental Sn4+ and I2 defects back to Sn2+ and I- in precursor solution while retaining the properties of the perovskite solution. Furthermore, the addition of 4F-PHCl in the precursor solution effectively slows the crystallization process, enhancing the crystallinity of FASnI3 perovskite films and guaranteeing the Sn2+/I- stoichiometric ratio, ultimately leading to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.86%. The hydrophobic fluorinated benzene ring in 4F-PHCl ensures moisture stability in perovskite films, allowing unencapsulated PSCs to retain over 92% of their initial PCE in an N2-filled glovebox for 130 days. Moreover, the 4F-PHCl-modified encapsulated PSCs showed superior operational stability for 420 h and maintained 95% of their initial PCE for 300 h under maximum power point tracking at 1 sun continuous illumination. This study's findings provide a promising pathway to create a controlled Sn-based perovskite precursor solution for highly reproducible and stable Pb-free Sn-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Karim
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Matsuishi
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Md Emrul Kayesh
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yulu He
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ashraful Islam
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
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17
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Wang Q, Qiu P, Luo X, Zheng C, Wang S, Ren X, Gao J, Lu X, Gao X, Shui L, Wu S, Liu JM. Mutually Tuned Dual Additive Engineering Synergistically Enhances the Photovoltaic Performance of Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45064-45075. [PMID: 37710994 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Tin-based perovskite solar cells (T-PSCs) have become the star photovoltaic products in recent years due to their low environmental toxicity and superior photovoltaic performance. However, the easy oxidation of Sn2+ and the energy level mismatch between the perovskite film and charge transport layer limit its efficiency. In order to regulate the microstructure and photoelectric properties of tin-based perovskite films to enhance the efficiency and stability of T-PSCs, guanidinium bromide (GABr) and organic Lewis-based additive methylamine cyanate (MAOCN) are introduced into the FA0.9PEA0.1SnI3-based perovskite precursor. A series of characterizations show that the interactions between additive molecules and perovskite mutually reconcile to improve the photovoltaic performance of T-PSCs. The introduction of GABr can adjust the band gap of the perovskite film and energy level alignment of T-PSCs. They significantly increase the open-circuit voltage (Voc). The MAOCN material can form hydrogen bonds with SnI2 in the precursor, which can inhibit the oxidation of Sn2+ and significantly improve the short-circuit current density (Jsc). The synergistic modulation of the dual additives reduces the trap-state density and improves photovoltaic performance, resulting in an increased champion efficiency of 9.34 for 5.22% of the control PSCs. The unencapsulated T-PSCs with GABr and MAOCN dual additives prepared in the optimized process can retain more than 110% of their initial efficiency after aging for 1750 h in a nitrogen glovebox, but the control PSCs maintain only 50% of their initial efficiency kept in the same conditions. This work provides a new perspective to further improve the efficiency and stability of T-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun-Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Zhang H, Pfeifer L, Zakeeruddin SM, Chu J, Grätzel M. Tailoring passivators for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:632-652. [PMID: 37464018 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
There is an ongoing global effort to advance emerging perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and many of these endeavours are focused on developing new compositions, processing methods and passivation strategies. In particular, the use of passivators to reduce the defects in perovskite materials has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for enhancing the photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of PSCs. Organic passivators have received increasing attention since the late 2010s as their structures and properties can readily be modified. First, this Review discusses the main types of defect in perovskite materials and reviews their properties. We examine the deleterious impact of defects on device efficiency and stability and highlight how defects facilitate extrinsic degradation pathways. Second, the proven use of different passivator designs to mitigate these negative effects is discussed, and possible defect passivation mechanisms are presented. Finally, we propose four specific directions for future research, which, in our opinion, will be crucial for unlocking the full potential of PSCs using the concept of defect passivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Lukas Pfeifer
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Shaik M Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Junhao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Qin Z, Qin M, Lu X. High-Efficiency Low-Lead Perovskite Photovoltaics Approaching 20% Enabled by a Vacuum-Drying Strategy. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300202. [PMID: 37148173 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lead-tin mixed perovskites are excellent photovoltaic materials that can be used in single- or multi-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, most high-performance Pb-Sn mixed PSCs reported to date are still Pb-dominant. It is highly demanding to develop environmentally friendly low-lead PSCs, but the poor film quality caused by the uncontrollable crystallization kinetics has been hindering the efficiency improvement of low-lead PSCs. Here, a vacuum-drying strategy in the two-step method to fabricate low-lead PSCs (FAPb0.3 Sn0.7 I3 ) with an impressive efficiency of 19.67% is employed. The vacuum treatment induces the formation of low crystalline Pb0.3 Sn0.7 I2 films containing less solvent, thus facilitating the subsequent FAI penetration and suppressing pinholes. Compared with the conventional one-step method, the two-step fabricated low-lead perovskite films with the vacuum-drying treatment exhibit a larger grain size, lower trap density, and weaker recombination loss, thus giving rise to a record-high efficiency near 20% with better thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaotong Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
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20
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Li P, Cao X, Li J, Jiao B, Hou X, Hao F, Ning Z, Bian Z, Xi J, Ding L, Wu Z, Dong H. Ligand Engineering in Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:167. [PMID: 37395847 PMCID: PMC10317948 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted aggressive attention in the photovoltaic field in light of the rapid increasing power conversion efficiency. However, their large-scale application and commercialization are limited by the toxicity issue of lead (Pb). Among all the lead-free perovskites, tin (Sn)-based perovskites have shown potential due to their low toxicity, ideal bandgap structure, high carrier mobility, and long hot carrier lifetime. Great progress of Sn-based PSCs has been realized in recent years, and the certified efficiency has now reached over 14%. Nevertheless, this record still falls far behind the theoretical calculations. This is likely due to the uncontrolled nucleation states and pronounced Sn (IV) vacancies. With insights into the methodologies resolving both issues, ligand engineering-assisted perovskite film fabrication dictates the state-of-the-art Sn-based PSCs. Herein, we summarize the role of ligand engineering during each state of film fabrication, ranging from the starting precursors to the ending fabricated bulks. The incorporation of ligands to suppress Sn2+ oxidation, passivate bulk defects, optimize crystal orientation, and improve stability is discussed, respectively. Finally, the remained challenges and perspectives toward advancing the performance of Sn-based PSCs are presented. We expect this review can draw a clear roadmap to facilitate Sn-based PSCs via ligand engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhou Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangrong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingrui Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Hao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Ning
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuqiang Bian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xi
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoxin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Dong
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices (MoE), Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
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Chen X, Cheng J, He L, Zhao L, Zhang C, Pang A, Li J. Hole Transport Materials for Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Properties, Progress, Prospects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093787. [PMID: 37175196 PMCID: PMC10179829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency of modern perovskite solar cells has surpassed that of commercial photovoltaic technology, showing great potential for commercial applications. However, the current high-performance perovskite solar cells all contain toxic lead elements, blocking their progress toward industrialization. Lead-free tin-based perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous research interest, and more than 14% power conversion efficiency has been achieved. In tin-based perovskite, Sn2+ is easily oxidized to Sn4+ in air. During this process, two additional electrons are introduced to form a heavy p-type doping perovskite layer, necessitating the production of hole transport materials different from that of lead-based perovskite devices or organic solar cells. In this review, for the first time, we summarize the hole transport materials used in the development of tin-based perovskite solar cells, describe the impact of different hole transport materials on the performance of tin-based perovskite solar cell devices, and summarize the recent progress of hole transport materials. Lastly, the development direction of lead-free tin-based perovskite devices in terms of hole transport materials is discussed based on their current development status. This comprehensive review contributes to the development of efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly tin-based perovskite devices and provides guidance for the hole transport layer material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Chen
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Linfeng He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Longjiang Zhao
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China
| | - Chunqian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Aiying Pang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Junming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
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Zhang J, Chen L. Simultaneous Suppression of p-Doping and Nonradiative Recombination via Barium Incorporation for Highly Efficient Tin Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4058-4062. [PMID: 37093916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High p-type self-doping and fast nonradiative recombination severely limit the optoelectronic performance of tin perovskites. Employing first-principles calculations, we show that incorporating barium (Ba) into the prototypical tin perovskite CsSnI3 could enable simultaneous suppression of p-doping and nonradiative recombination. Ba acts as an energetically favorable donor and raises the Fermi level. This not only decreases the background hole concentration but also inhibits the formation of I vacancies that are the dominant nonradiative recombination centers, giving rise to an improvement of more than 2 orders of magnitude in carrier lifetime. Moreover, as the facile migration of I ions is basically a process assisted by I vacancies, Ba incorporation also suppresses the diffusion of I ions, which is beneficial to the enhancement of stability. The present study provides a promising strategy for developing high-performance tin perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
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Ayaydah W, Raddad E, Hawash Z. Sn-Based Perovskite Solar Cells towards High Stability and Performance. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:806. [PMID: 37421039 DOI: 10.3390/mi14040806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed rapid development in the field of tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) due to their environmental friendliness and tremendous potential in the photovoltaic field. Most of the high-performance PSCs are based on lead as the light-absorber material. However, the toxicity of lead and the commercialization raise concerns about potential health and environmental hazards. TPSCs can maintain all the optoelectronic properties of lead PSCs, as well as feature a favorable smaller bandgap. However, TPSCs tend to undergo rapid oxidation, crystallization, and charge recombination, which make it difficult to unlock the full potential of such perovskites. Here, we shed light on the most critical features and mechanisms affecting the growth, oxidation, crystallization, morphology, energy levels, stability, and performance of TPSCs. We also investigate the recent strategies, such as interfaces and bulk additives, built-in electric field, and alternative charge transport materials that are used to enhance the performance of the TPSCs. More importantly, we have summarized most of the recent best-performing lead-free and lead-mixed TPSCs. This review aims to help future research in TPSCs to produce highly stable and efficient solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa' Ayaydah
- Department of Physics, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Ramallah 71939, Palestine
| | - Eman Raddad
- Department of Physics, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Ramallah 71939, Palestine
| | - Zafer Hawash
- Department of Physics, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Ramallah 71939, Palestine
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Duan C, Zou F, Wen Q, Qin M, Li J, Chen C, Lu X, Ding L, Yan K. A Bifunctional Carbazide Additive For Durable CsSnI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300503. [PMID: 36995983 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic CsSnI3 with low toxicity and a narrow bandgap is a promising photovoltaic material. However, the performance of CsSnI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is much lower than that of Pb-based and hybrid Sn-based (e.g., CsPbX3 and CH(NH2 )2 SnX3 ) PSCs, which may be attributed to its poor film-forming property and the deep traps induced by Sn4+ . Here, a bifunctional additive carbazide (CBZ) is adapted to deposit a pinhole-free film and remove the deep traps via two-step annealing. The lone electrons of the NH2 and CO units in CBZ can coordinate with Sn2+ to form a dense film with large grains during the phase transition at 80 °C. The decomposition of CBZ can reduce Sn4+ to Sn2+ during annealing at 150 °C to remove the deep traps. Compared with the control device (4.12%), the maximum efficiency of the CsSnI3 :CBZ PSC reaches 11.21%, which is the highest efficiency of CsSnI3 PSC reported to date. A certified efficiency of 10.90% is obtained by an independent photovoltaic testing laboratory. In addition, the unsealed CsSnI3 :CBZ devices maintain initial efficiencies of ≈100%, 90%, and 80% under an inert atmosphere (60 days), standard maximum power point tracking (650 h at 65 °C), and ambient air (100 h), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Duan
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Feilin Zou
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyun Wen
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, P. R. China
| | - Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jiong Li
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, P. R. China
| | - Chang Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center of Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Keyou Yan
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, P. R. China
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Liu L, Bai B, Yang X, Du Z, Jia G. Anisotropic Heavy-Metal-Free Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:3625-3692. [PMID: 36946890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Heavy-metal (Cd, Hg, and Pb)-containing semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have been explored widely due to their unique optical and electrical properties. However, the toxicity risks of heavy metals can be a drawback of heavy-metal-containing NCs in some applications. Anisotropic heavy-metal-free semiconductor NCs are desirable replacements and can be realized following the establishment of anisotropic growth mechanisms. These anisotropic heavy-metal-free semiconductor NCs can possess lower toxicity risks, while still exhibiting unique optical and electrical properties originating from both the morphological and compositional anisotropy. As a result, they are promising light-emitting materials in use various applications. In this review, we provide an overview on the syntheses, properties, and applications of anisotropic heavy-metal-free semiconductor NCs. In the first section, we discuss hazards of heavy metals and introduce the typical heavy-metal-containing and heavy-metal-free NCs. In the next section, we discuss anisotropic growth mechanisms, including solution-liquid-solid (SLS), oriented attachment, ripening, templated-assisted growth, and others. We discuss mechanisms leading both to morphological anisotropy and to compositional anisotropy. Examples of morphological anisotropy include growth of nanorods (NRs)/nanowires (NWs), nanotubes, nanoplatelets (NPLs)/nanosheets, nanocubes, and branched structures. Examples of compositional anisotropy, including heterostructures and core/shell structures, are summarized. Third, we provide insights into the properties of anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs including optical polarization, fast electron transfer, localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR), and so on, which originate from the NCs' anisotropic morphologies and compositions. Finally, we summarize some applications of anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs including catalysis, solar cells, photodetectors, lighting-emitting diodes (LEDs), and biological applications. Despite the huge progress on the syntheses and applications of anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs, some issues still exist in the novel anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs and the corresponding energy conversion applications. Therefore, we also discuss the challenges of this field and provide possible solutions to tackle these challenges in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xuyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, 149 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Zuliang Du
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Guohua Jia
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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Kumar P, Ahmad K, Mobin SM. Improved photovoltaic performance of Pb-free AgBi 2I 7 based photovoltaics. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1624-1630. [PMID: 36926577 PMCID: PMC10012855 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00029j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid perovskites based on bismuth are good candidates for developing lead-free and air-stable photovoltaics, but they have historically been constrained by poor surface morphologies and large band-gap energies. Monovalent silver cations are incorporated into iodobismuthates as part of a novel materials processing method to fabricate improved bismuth-based thin-film photovoltaic absorbers. However, a number of fundamental characteristics prevented them from achieving better efficiency. We examine bismuth iodide perovskite made of silver with improvements in surface morphology and a narrow band gap, and we achieve high power conversion efficiency. AgBi2I7 perovskite was used in the fabrication of PSCs as a material for light absorption, and its optoelectronic proficiencies were also studied. We reduced the band gap to 1.89 eV and achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency of 0.96% using the solvent engineering approach. Additionally, simulation studies verified an efficiency of 13.26% by using AgBi2I7 as a light absorber perovskite material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - Khursheed Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - Shaikh M Mobin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
- Department of Biosciences and Bio-Medical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
- Center for Advanced Electronics (CAE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
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Sajid S, Alzahmi S, Salem IB, Park J, Obaidat IM. Lead-Free Perovskite Homojunction-Based HTM-Free Perovskite Solar Cells: Theoretical and Experimental Viewpoints. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:983. [PMID: 36985875 PMCID: PMC10054775 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Simplifying the design of lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has drawn a lot of interest due to their low manufacturing cost and relative non-toxic nature. Focus has been placed mostly on reducing the toxic lead element and eliminating the requirement for expensive hole transport materials (HTMs). However, in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE), the PSCs using all charge transport materials surpass the environmentally beneficial HTM-free PSCs. The low PCEs of the lead-free HTM-free PSCs could be linked to poorer hole transport and extraction as well as lower light harvesting. In this context, a lead-free perovskite homojunction-based HTM-free PSC was investigated, and the performance was then assessed using a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). A two-step method was employed to fabricate lead-free perovskite homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs in order to validate the simulation results. The simulation results show that high hole mobility and a narrow band gap of cesium tin iodide (CsSnI3) boosted the hole collection and absorption spectrum, respectively. Additionally, the homojunction's built-in electric field, which was identified using SCAPS simulations, promoted the directed transport of the photo-induced charges, lowering carrier recombination losses. Homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs having a CsSnI3 layer with a thickness of 100 nm, defect density of 1015 cm-3, and interface defect density of 1018 cm-3 were found to be capable of delivering high PCEs under a working temperature of 300 K. When compared to formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3)-based devices, the open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and PCE of FASnI3/CsSnI3 homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs were all improved from 0.66 to 0.78 V, 26.07 to 27.65 mA cm-2, 76.37 to 79.74%, and 14.62 to 19.03%, respectively. In comparison to a FASnI3-based device (PCE = 8.94%), an experimentally fabricated device using homojunction of FASnI3/CsSnI3 performs better with Voc of 0.84 V, Jsc of 22.06 mA cm-2, FF of 63.50%, and PCE of 11.77%. Moreover, FASnI3/CsSnI3-based PSC is more stable over time than its FASnI3-based counterpart, preserving 89% of its initial PCE. These findings provide promising guidelines for developing highly efficient and environmentally friendly HTM-free PSCs based on perovskite homojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Sajid
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salem Alzahmi
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Imen Ben Salem
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Jongee Park
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Atilim University, Ankara 06836, Turkey;
| | - Ihab M. Obaidat
- National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Chen W, Huang Y, Cui H, Li S, Feng Y, Zhang B. Reduced V OC Deficit of Mixed Lead-Tin Perovskite Solar Cells via Strain-Releasing and Synergistic Passivation Additives. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201276. [PMID: 36717279 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of tin-lead perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is normally lower than that of Pb cells, mainly due to greater open circuit voltage (VOC ) losses. Herein, the additive 2,6-diaminopyridine (TNPD) is designed to anchor on the surface of the perovskite precursor colloid as nucleating agent to modulate the growth of Pb-Sn perovskites. It is observed that the TNPD not only effectively induces crystal growth during the nucleation stage, remaining on the crystal surface and ultimately passivating the resulting perovskite films, but also releases the micro-strain generated during the film growth. Furthermore, TNPD could lower the defect density (Sn4+ amount) by screening the perovskite against oxygen and by synergistically bonding with undercoordinated Sn/Pb on the surface. Finally, a high VOC of 0.85 V is obtained, corresponding to a voltage deficit of 0.41 V using a perovskite absorber with a bandgap of 1.26 eV, and a high PCE (20.35%) reported so far for Pb-Sn PSCs. Moreover, the stability of the TNPD-incorporated device is significantly improved, and the PCE maintains 50% of the initial value after about 1000 h storage in glovebox without encapsulated, in comparison to that of the control device (about 700 h, maintaining 30% of the initial value).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yuqiong Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hong Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Sihan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yaqing Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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Yang W, Yu H, Dai L, Zhang Z, Gu A, Ban H, Sun Q, Chen S, Shen Y, Wang M. Fabrication of High-Quality CsPbI 3 Perovskite Films with Phosphorus Pentachloride Additive for Highly Stable Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202061. [PMID: 36469039 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fully inorganic perovskite cesium lead triiodide (CsPbI3 ) has garnered much attention from researcher for photovoltaic application because of its excellent thermal stability compared with the inorganic-organic hybrid counterparts, along with the potential to serve as the top cell in tandem devices with silicon solar cell. However, the active α-phase cubic CsPbI3 spontaneously tends to transform into the non-perovskite δ-CsPbI3 when subjected to ambient condition. This work proposes an effective method to fabricate high-quality and stable α-phase cubic CsPbI3 films by introducing phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5 ) as an additive. PCl5 acts as colloidal binder for modulating crystallization dynamics of perovskites, resulting in high-quality film and a significantly suppressed phase transition. Finally, highly stable CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells can be achieved with a power conversion efficiency up to 17.85 %, and a long-term stability in N2 filled glove box.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanpeng Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Haixuan Yu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Letian Dai
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Anjie Gu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Huaxia Ban
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Chen
- Institute of New Energy, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yan Shen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Mingkui Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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30
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Masawa SM, Bakari R, Xu J, Yao J. Progress and challenges in the fabrication of lead-free all-inorganic perovskites solar cells using solvent and compositional engineering Techniques-A review. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Cao S, Su Y, Song KK, Qian P, Yan Y, Shi LB. Biaxial strain improving carrier mobility for inorganic perovskite: ab initioBoltzmann transport equation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 35:055702. [PMID: 36395506 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aca3eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic halide perovskites have attracted interest due to their high efficiency and low cost. Considering the uncertainty of experimental measurements, it was important to predict the upper limit of carrier mobility. In this study, theab initioBoltzmann transport equation, including all electron-phonon interactions, was used to accurately predict the mobilities of CsPbI3, CsSnI3, CsPbBr3, and CsSnBr3. Using the iterative Boltzmann transport equation (IBTE), the calculated mobility for CsPbI3isµe= 512/µh= 379 cm2 V-1 s-1, and Sn-based perovskite exhibited high hole mobility. The longitudinal optical phonons associated with the stretching between halogen anions and divalent metal cations were revealed to be the dominant scattering source for the carriers. Furthermore, the effect of biaxial strain on mobility was investigated. We observed that biaxial compressive strain could improve the mobility of CsPbI3and CsPbBr3. Surprisingly, under a compressive strain of-2%, the mobilities of CsPbI3using IBTE approach were improved toµe= 1176/µh= 936 cm2 V-1 s-1. It was revealed that the compressive strain could decrease the effective mass of CsPbI3and CsPbBr3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Corrosion and Protection Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Su
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Ke Song
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Qian
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Corrosion and Protection Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Bin Shi
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
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Wei X, Zhang P, Xu T, Zhou H, Bai Y, Chen Q. Chemical approaches for electronic doping in photovoltaic materials beyond crystalline silicon. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:10016-10063. [PMID: 36398768 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electronic doping is applied to tailor the electrical and optoelectronic properties of semiconductors, which have been widely adopted in information and clean energy technologies, like integrated circuit fabrication and PVs. Though this concept has prevailed in conventional PVs, it has achieved limited success in the new-generation PV materials, particularly in halide perovskites, owing to their soft lattice nature and self-compensation by intrinsic defects. In this review, we summarize the evolution of the theoretical understanding and strategies of electronic doping from Si-based photovoltaics to thin-film technologies, e.g., GaAs, CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se2, and also cover the emerging PVs including halide perovskites and organic solar cells. We focus on the chemical approaches to electronic doping, emphasizing various chemical interactions/bonding throughout materials synthesis/modification to device fabrication/operation. Furthermore, we propose new classifications and models of electronic doping based on the physical and chemical properties of dopants, in the context of solid-state chemistry, which inspires further development of optoelectronics based on perovskites and other hybrid materials. Finally, we outline the effects of electronic doping in semiconducting materials and highlight the challenges that need to be overcome for reliable and controllable doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Wei
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
| | - Pengxiang Zhang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
| | - Tailai Xu
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
| | - Huanping Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yang Bai
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
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Macdonald TJ, Lanzetta L, Liang X, Ding D, Haque SA. Engineering Stable Lead-Free Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: Lessons from Materials Chemistry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022:e2206684. [PMID: 36458662 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Substituting toxic lead with tin (Sn) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the most promising route toward the development of high-efficiency lead-free devices. Despite the encouraging efficiencies of Sn-PSCs, they are still yet to surpass 15% and suffer detrimental oxidation of Sn(II) to Sn(IV). Since their first application in 2014, investigations into the properties of Sn-PSCs have contributed to a growing understanding of the mechanisms, both detrimental and complementary to their stability. This review summarizes the evolution of Sn-PSCs, including early developments to the latest state-of-the-art approaches benefitting the stability of devices. The degradation pathways associated with Sn-PSCs are first outlined, followed by describing how composition engineering (A, B site modifications), additive engineering (oxidation prevention), and interface engineering (passivation strategies) can be employed as different avenues to improve the stability of devices. The knowledge about these properties is also not limited to PSCs and also applicable to other types of devices now employing Sn-based perovskite absorber layers. A detailed analysis of the properties and materials chemistry reveals a clear set of design rules for the development of stable Sn-PSCs. Applying the design strategies highlighted in this review will be essential to further improve both the efficiency and stability of Sn-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Luis Lanzetta
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xinxing Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dong Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Saif A Haque
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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34
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Wang M, Cao F, Meng L, Wang M, Li L. Phase-Transition-Cycle-Induced Recrystallization of FAPbI3 Film in An Open Environment Toward Excellent Photodetectors with High Reproducibility. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204386. [PMID: 36253144 PMCID: PMC9731687 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite is an attractive building block for future optoelectronic applications. However, the strict fabrication conditions of perovskite devices impede the transformation of lab techniques into commercial applications. Here, a facile annealing-free posttreatment is proposed to reconstruct the perovskite film to obtain high-performance photodetectors with an optimized production rate. With posttreatment by methylamine thiocyanate, the prefabricated formamidinium-lead triiodide (FAPbI3 ) film will undergo a recrystallization process consisting of a repeating phase-transition-cycle (PTC) between the black and yellow phases of FAPbI3 , which improves the crystal quality and eliminates defects. As a result, some casually prepared or even decomposed perovskite films can be reconstructed, and the dispersion degree of the device performance based on the posttreatment method decreases by ≈21% compared to the traditional antisolvent method. This facile and annealing-free posttreatment will be an attractive method for the future industrial production of perovskite devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
| | - Fengren Cao
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
| | - Linxing Meng
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006P. R. China
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35
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Baranwal AK, Hayase S. Recent Advancements in Tin Halide Perovskite-Based Solar Cells and Thermoelectric Devices. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4055. [PMID: 36432341 PMCID: PMC9694716 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The excellent optoelectronic properties of tin halide perovskites (Sn-PVKs) have made them a promising candidate for replacing toxic Pb counterparts. Concurrently, their enormous potential in photon harvesting and thermoelectricity applications has attracted increasing attention. The optoelectronic properties of Sn-PVKs are governed by the flexible nature of SnI6 octahedra, and they exhibit extremely low thermal conductivity. Due to these diverse applications, this review first analyzes the structural properties, optoelectronic properties, defect physics, and thermoelectric properties of Sn-PVKs. Then, recent techniques developed to solve limitations with Sn-PVK-based devices to improve their photoelectric and thermoelectric performance are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and prospects for further development of Sn-PVK-based devices are discussed.
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36
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Chowdhury TH, Reo Y, Yusoff ARBM, Noh Y. Sn-Based Perovskite Halides for Electronic Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203749. [PMID: 36257820 PMCID: PMC9685468 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Because of its less toxicity and electronic structure analogous to that of lead, tin halide perovskite (THP) is currently one of the most favorable candidates as an active layer for optoelectronic and electric devices such as solar cells, photodiodes, and field-effect transistors (FETs). Promising photovoltaics and FETs performances have been recently demonstrated because of their desirable electrical and optical properties. Nevertheless, THP's easy oxidation from Sn2+ to Sn4+ , easy formation of tin vacancy, uncontrollable film morphology and crystallinity, and interface instability severely impede its widespread application. This review paper aims to provide a basic understanding of THP as a semiconductor by highlighting the physical structure, energy band structure, electrical properties, and doping mechanisms. Additionally, the key chemical instability issues of THPs are discussed, which are identified as the potential bottleneck for further device development. Based on the understanding of the THPs properties, the key recent progress of THP-based solar cells and FETs is briefly discussed. To conclude, current challenges and perspective opportunities are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Towhid H. Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Youjin Reo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Abd Rashid Bin Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Yong‐Young Noh
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
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37
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Jia W, Wei Z, Liu B, Yan D, Huang Y, Li M, Tao Y, Chen R, Xu L. Dopamine Hydrochloride-Assisted Synergistic Modulation of Perovskite Crystallization and Sn 2+ Oxidation for Efficient and Stable Lead-free Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46801-46808. [PMID: 36215120 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tin perovskites have received great concern in solar cell research owing to their favorable optoelectronic performance and environmental friendliness. However, due to their poor crystallization and easy oxidation, the performance improvement for tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) is rather challenging. Herein, reductive 3-hydroxytyramine hydrochloride (DACl) with NH2·HCl and phenol groups as co-additives with SnF2 is added into the precursor to modulate perovskite crystallization and inhibit Sn2+ oxidation for high-performance TPSCs. The Lewis base group of NH2 HCl in DACl could bind to perovskite lattices to modulate the crystallization with suppressed defects in the bulk and grain boundary, whereas reductive phenol groups effectively constrain the Sn2+ oxidation. Moreover, the undissociated DACl decreases the supersaturated concentration of tin perovskite solution and creates a pre-nucleation site for rapid nucleation to further regulate crystallization. Consequently, the DACl-derived TPSCs achieve a high power-conversion efficiency (PCE) that reaches up to 11%. More impressively, the device remains at 84% of the initial PCE after full-sun illumination in N2 over 600 h without being encapsulated. This DACl-based synergistic modulation of a lead-free perovskite demonstrates a feasible approach using one molecule with different functional groups to manipulate crystallization, Sn2+ oxidation, and defect reparation of tin perovskite films, providing a critical guideline for constructing high-quality perovskites by multifunctional additives with high photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Jia
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Zijie Wei
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Bingxu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Dongdong Yan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yunze Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Meicheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing102206, China
| | | | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Ligang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430074, China
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38
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Liu G, Zhong Y, Feng W, Yang M, Yang G, Zhong JX, Tian T, Luo JB, Tao J, Yang S, Wang XD, Tan L, Chen Y, Wu WQ. Multidentate Chelation Heals Structural Imperfections for Minimized Recombination Loss in Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209464. [PMID: 35982524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tin-based perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) have emerged as promising environmentally viable photovoltaic technologies, but still suffer from severe non-radiative recombination loss due to the presence of abundant deep-level defects in the perovskite film and under-optimized carrier dynamics throughout the device. Herein, we healed the structural imperfections of Sn perovskites in an "inside-out" manner by incorporating a new class of biocompatible chelating agent with multidentate claws, namely, 2-Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), which passivated a variety of deep-level Sn-related and I-related defects, cooperatively reinforced the passivation efficacy, released the lattice strain, improved the structural toughness, and promoted the carrier transport of Sn perovskites. Encouragingly, an efficiency of 13.7 % with a small voltage deficit of ≈0.47 V has been achieved for the GAA-modified Sn-PSCs. GAA modification also extended the lifespan of Sn-PSCs over 1200 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Wenhuai Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meifang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun-Xing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian-Bin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junlei Tao
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Shaopeng Yang
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Licheng Tan
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Wu-Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (MoE), Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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39
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Zhang Z, Kamarudin MA, Baranwal AK, Kapil G, Sahamir SR, Sanehira Y, Chen M, Wang L, Shen Q, Hayase S. Sequential Passivation for Lead‐Free Tin Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210101. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Muhammad Akmal Kamarudin
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Ajay Kumar Baranwal
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Gaurav Kapil
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Shahrir Razey Sahamir
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sanehira
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Liang Wang
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Qing Shen
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
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40
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Saikia D, Alam M, Bera J, Betal A, Gandi AN, Sahu S. A First‐Principles Study on ABBr
3
(A = Cs, Rb, K, Na; B = Ge, Sn) Halide Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajyoti Saikia
- Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | - Mahfooz Alam
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | - Jayanta Bera
- Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | - Atanu Betal
- Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | - Appala Naidu Gandi
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | - Satyajit Sahu
- Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
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41
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Zhang Z, Kamarudin MA, Baranwal AK, Kapil G, Sahamir SR, Sanehira Y, Chen M, Wang L, Shen Q, Hayase S. Sequential Passivation for Lead‐Free Tin Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- The University of Electro-Communications: Denki Tsushin Daigaku 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo JAPAN
| | - Muhammad Akmal Kamarudin
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Ajay Kumar Baranwal
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Gaurav Kapil
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Shahrir Razey Sahamir
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Yoshitaka Sanehira
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Liang Wang
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Qing Shen
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- University of Electro-Communications Center for Industrial and Governmental Relations: Denki Tsushin Daigaku Sangakukan Renkei Center Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering JAPAN
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42
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Liu G, Zhong Y, Feng W, Yang M, Yang G, Zhong JX, Tian T, Luo JB, Tao J, Yang S, Wang X, Tan L, Chen Y, Wu WQ. Multidentate Chelation Heals Structural Imperfections for Minimized Recombination Loss in Lead‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genglig Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry 510006 Guangzhou CHINA
| | - Yang Zhong
- Nanchang University Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry CHINA
| | - Wenhuai Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Meifang Yang
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Guo Yang
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Tian Tian
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jian-Bin Luo
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Junlei Tao
- Hebei University College of Physics Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Shaopeng Yang
- Hebei University College of Physics Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Xudong Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Licheng Tan
- Nanchang University Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yiwang Chen
- Nanchang University Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry CHINA
| | - Wu-Qiang Wu
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry School of Chemistry 510006 Guangzhou CHINA
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43
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Lu J, Wang H, Fan T, Ma D, Wang C, Wu S, Li X. Back Interface Passivation for Efficient Low-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells and Photodetectors. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122065. [PMID: 35745403 PMCID: PMC9231224 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-bandgap (Eg~1.25 eV) mixed tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites are promising candidates for efficient solar cells and self-powered photodetectors; however, they suffer from huge amounts of defects due to the unintentional p-type self-doping. In this work, the synergistic effects of maltol and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) were achieved to improve the performance of low-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and unbiased perovskite photodetectors (PPDs) by passivating the defects and tuning charge transfer dynamics. Maltol eliminated the Sn-related traps in perovskite films through a strong metal chelating effect, whereas PCBM elevated the built-in electric potential and thus improved voltage through the spike energy alignment. Combining both advantages of maltol and PCBM, high-quality perovskite films were obtained, enabling low-bandgap PSCs with the best efficiency of 20.62%. Moreover, the optimized PSCs were further applied as self-powered PPDs in a visible light communication system with a response time of 0.736 μs, presenting a satisfactory audio transmission capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (J.L.); (H.W.); (T.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Huayang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (J.L.); (H.W.); (T.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Tingbing Fan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (J.L.); (H.W.); (T.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Dong Ma
- School of Rail Transportation, Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, China
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Changlei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (J.L.); (H.W.); (T.F.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Shaolong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (J.L.); (H.W.); (T.F.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (J.L.); (H.W.); (T.F.); (X.L.)
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Wang T, Loi H, Cao J, Qin Z, Guan Z, Xu Y, Cheng H, Li MG, Lee C, Lu X, Yan F. High Open Circuit Voltage Over 1 V Achieved in Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells with a 2D/3D Vertical Heterojunction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200242. [PMID: 35460202 PMCID: PMC9218751 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
2D-3D mixed tin halide perovskites are outstanding candidate materials for lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to their improved stability and decreased trap density in comparison with their pure 3D counterparts. However, the mixture of multiple phases may lead to poor charge transfer across the films and limit the device efficiency. Here, a stacked quasi-2D (down)-3D (top) double-layered structure in perovskite films prepared via vacuum treatment is demonstrated, which can result in a planar bilayer heterojunction. In addition, it is found that the introduction of guanidinium thiocyanate (GuaSCN) additive can improve the crystallinity and carrier mobility in the 2D perovskite layer and passivate defects in the whole film, leading to a long carrier lifetime (>140 ns) in photoluminescence measurements. As a result, the PSCs show a high open circuit voltage (VOC ) up to 1.01 V with a voltage loss of only 0.39 V, which represents the record values ever reported for tin-based PSCs. The champion device exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.79% with decent stability, retaining 90% of the initial PCE for 1200 h storage in N2 -filled glovebox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Wang
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Hok‐Leung Loi
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Jiupeng Cao
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Zhaotong Qin
- Department of PhysicsThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Guan
- Center of Super‐Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF)Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- Division of Integrative Systems and DesignDepartment of Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Cheng
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Mitch Guijun Li
- Division of Integrative Systems and DesignDepartment of Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Sing Lee
- Center of Super‐Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF)Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of PhysicsThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
- Research Institute of Intelligent Wearable SystemsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
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Chen Y, Ding X, Yang L, Wang Y, Gurti JI, Wang M, Li W, Wang X, Yang W. Small practical cluster models for perovskites based on the similarity criterion of central location environment and their applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14375-14389. [PMID: 35642957 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Developing universal theoretical models for perovskites (often denoted as ABX3) can contribute to the rational design of novel perovskite photovoltaic materials. However, few models can be successfully applied to study the intrinsic electronic structure due to the poor accuracy and unaffordable computational cost. Herein, we report the innovative construction of small practical cluster models through the similarity criterion of the central location environment, which retains only the central A-site as the original cation while the others are substituted by Cs to keep the clusters electrically neutral. The central cation has a chemical environment similar to that of the bulk perovskite. The binding energy between A and the BX framework, geometric structures (B-X distances and B-X-B angles), and the electronic structures (the gap and the spatial distribution of HOMO and LUMO, electron distribution) of these clusters have been investigated and compared with the corresponding properties of bulk materials. The results suggest that the cluster model with twelve B-atoms suitably describes these properties. The geometric structures and gaps are closer to the bulk situations than the quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional cluster models with all-primitive cations, respectively. Other organic cations, such as NH3(CH2)nCH3 (n = 1, 2, and 3 for EA, PA, and BA, respectively), and (NH2)2CH (FA) can, therefore, mimic perovskite materials. Clusters with different sizes of A indicate that PA and BA will distort the quasi-cubic structures, which is consistent with the judgment of the tolerance factor of bulk materials. The reliable cluster model provides the research foundation for some basic issues of perovskites, such as vibrational spectroscopy and hydrogen bonding strength, to gain detailed insight into the interactions between A and the BX framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xunlei Ding
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Luona Yang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Yaya Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Joseph Israel Gurti
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Department of Power Engineering, School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China.
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Maafa IM. All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells: Recent Advancements and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101651. [PMID: 35630874 PMCID: PMC9147291 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic–inorganic metal-halide-based hybrid perovskite solar cells (SCs) have attracted a great deal of attention from researchers around the globe with their certified power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) having now increased to 25.2%. Nevertheless, organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskite SCs suffer the serious drawback of instability with respect to moisture and heat. However, all-inorganic perovskite SCs have emerged as promising candidates to tackle the thermal instability problem. Since the introduction of all-inorganic perovskite materials to the field of perovskite photovoltaics in 2014, a plethora of research articles has been published focusing on this research topic. The PCE of all-inorganic PSCs has climbed to a record 18.4% and research is underway to enhance this. In this review, I survey the gradual progress of all-inorganic perovskites, their material design, the fabrication of high-quality perovskite films, energetics, major challenges and schemes opening new horizons toward commercialization. Furthermore, techniques to stabilize cubically phased low-bandgap inorganic perovskites are highlighted, as this is an indispensable requirement for stable and highly efficient SCs. In addition, I explain the various energy loss mechanisms at the interface and in the bulk of perovskite and charge-selective layers, and recap previously published reports on the curtailment of charge-carrier recombination losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M Maafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Shih CC, Wu CG. Synergistic Engineering of the Conductivity and Surface Properties of PEDOT:PSS-Based HTLs for Inverted Tin Perovskite Solar Cells to Achieve Efficiency over 10. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16125-16135. [PMID: 35349270 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A new simple environmentally benign water-soluble zwitterion, sulfamic acid (SA), was used as a multifunctional additive to tune the properties of PEDOT:PSS-based hole transporting layer (HTL). A layer of PEDOT:PSS was inserted in-between the ITO electrode and SA-modified PEDOT:PSS to form a pseudo bi-layered PS/SA@PS HTL to protect the ITO electrode from damage by more acidic SA@PS. Inverted tin-based perovskite solar cells based on the pseudo bi-layered PS/SA@PS HTLs achieved the highest efficiency of 10.5% with very small current hysteresis. The cell lost only 5% of the initial efficiency by storing in a glovebox without packing for more than 2000 h. The functions of SA include increasing the conductivity and mobility of the HTL to extract and transport the hole facilely by changing the conformation of PEDOT chains via zwitterion-induced charge screening, elevating the work function of PEDOT:PSS to match the VB of TPsk via increasing the PSS- chains on the HTL surface, creating a more hydrophilic surface for depositing better quality tin perovskite film (TPsk with the chemical formula of FA0.98EDA0.01SnI3), and avoiding the oxidation Sn2+ to Sn4+ via interacting with Sn2+ ions (at the HTL/absorber interface) using the sulfite group on SA, which were revealed with various physicochemical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chih Shih
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhong-Li 32001, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Guey Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhong-Li 32001, Taiwan, ROC
- Research Center for New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic Modules, National Central University, Jhong-Li 32001, Taiwan, ROC
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48
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Jia H, Shi H, Yu R, Ma H, Wang Z, Zou C, Tan Z. Biuret Induced Tin-Anchoring and Crystallization-Regulating for Efficient Lead-Free Tin Halide Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200036. [PMID: 35315221 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead-free perovskite emitters, particularly 2D tin (Sn) halide perovskites, have attracted considerable academic attention in recent years. However, the problems of Sn oxidation and rapid crystallization lead to an inferior perovskite morphology with high trap states, thus limiting the luminous efficiency of Sn halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). In this study, the authors establish an approach by introducing an organic additive, 2-imidodicarbonic diamide (biuret), to address the issues of Sn oxidation and fast crystallization. The unique symmetrical carbonyl groups in the biuret robustly interact with the Sn-I framework, providing a strong Sn-anchoring effect. Consequently, it also suppresses the easy oxidation of Sn2+ , regulating the crystallization process simultaneously. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also confirmed the robust interaction between the biuret and the 2D Sn halide perovskite. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate efficient PeLEDs with saturated red emission at 637 nm, a maximum luminance (Lmax ) of 418 cd m-2 , a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax ) of 1.37%, and a half-life (T50 ) of 288 s. This work provides insights on the microcosmic chemical interaction between organics and 2D Sn halide perovskites, advancing the development of efficient lead-free PeLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongfei Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huanyu Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China
| | - Chao Zou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Zhan'ao Tan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Guo H, Zhang H, Liu S, Zhang D, Wu Y, Zhu WH. Efficient and Stable Methylammonium-Free Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells with Hexaazatrinaphthylene-Based Hole-Transporting Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6852-6858. [PMID: 35080172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating non-aqueous hole-transporting materials (HTMs) to replace the widely used PEDOT:PSS is favorable for improving the stability of tin-lead perovskite solar cells (Sn-Pb PSCs). Herein, hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATNA) is found to be a promising HTM building block for Sn-Pb PSCs. By introducing triphenylamine (TPA) and methoxy-triphenylamine into the HATNA core, molecular energy levels and surface wettability can be well regulated, and a high hole mobility and thermal stability can be maintained. Moreover, a homogeneous Sn-Pb perovskite film with low Sn4+ contents and vertically orientated grains can be prepared on the substrate TPA-HATNA. Compared with PEDOT:PSS, the optimal TPA-HATNA-based methylammonium-free device enables a 70 mV increase in VOC, delivering a remarkable PCE exceeding 18% (certified 16.4%). Impressively, the TPA-HATNA-based devices without encapsulation retain 90% efficiency after aging for 600 min under maximum-power-point tracking. Our work provides alternative HTMs for boosting the performance of Sn-Pb PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuaijun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Diwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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50
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Pitaro M, Tekelenburg EK, Shao S, Loi MA. Tin Halide Perovskites: From Fundamental Properties to Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105844. [PMID: 34626031 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites have unique optical and electrical properties, which make them an excellent class of materials for a broad spectrum of optoelectronic applications. However, it is with photovoltaic devices that this class of materials has reached the apotheosis of popularity. High power conversion efficiencies are achieved with lead-based compounds, which are toxic to the environment. Tin-based perovskites are the most promising alternative because of their bandgap close to the optimal value for photovoltaic applications, the strong optical absorption, and good charge carrier mobilities. Nevertheless, the low defect tolerance, the fast crystallization, and the oxidative instability of tin halide perovskites currently limit their efficiency. The aim of this review is to give a detailed overview of the crystallographic, photophysical, and optoelectronic properties of tin-based perovskite compounds in their multiple forms from 3D to low-dimensional structures. At the end, recent progress in tin-based perovskite solar cells are reviewed, mainly focusing on the detail of the strategies adopted to improve the device performances. For each subtopic, the current challenges and the outlook are discussed, with the aim to stimulate the community to address the most important issues in a concerted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Pitaro
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco Kinsa Tekelenburg
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Shuyan Shao
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Antonietta Loi
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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