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Kumar A, Kumar Y, Sahu JK, Kumar S. Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some N-Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 17:87-91. [PMID: 30179135 DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180831164149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the appearance of communicable microbial diseases and the toxicity related with presently used several antimicrobials such as β-lactam antibiotics, tetracyclines, quinolones, macrolides, glycopeptides (vancomycin) etc, demand for new antimicrobial agents has become a great concern in new technologies to improve efficacy and safety. METHODS In search of new antimicrobial agents with higher potency, some N-substituted benzimidazole derivatives (4, 5a-5h & 6) were obtained by chloroacetylation of benzimidazole followed by reaction with different amines, which were characterized by spectroscopic methods. All the target compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activity against microorganisms using two-fold serial dilution method. RESULTS Among the compounds evaluated, compounds 4 and 5d exhibited potent activity against Bacillus thuringiensis and Candida albicans while showed moderate activity against Escherischia coli when compared to amoxicillin and fluconazole. Compound 5a showed significant activity against tested microorganisms. CONCLUSION From the current study, it may be concluded that synthesized compounds are fulfilling in terms of their structural distinctiveness and marked biological properties. These compounds might be encouraged to initiate a new class of antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad - 244102, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad - 244102, India
| | - Jagdish K Sahu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad - 244102, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad - 244102, India
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2
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Liu HX, Ji F, Chen Y, Gao Y, Wang JK, Zhang MZ, Liu F, Sha Q. De Novo and Divergent Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Furans by Cascade Reactions of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-diones with Nucleophiles. Chemistry 2021; 27:5225-5229. [PMID: 33427337 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a divergent synthesis of a variety of 2α- and 5α-substituted furan derivatives from 2-hydroxy-1,4-diones is reported. By using appropriate substrates and an acid catalyst, the reactions occurred selectively through cyclization/1,6-conjugate addition or cyclization/Friedel-Crafts-type cascade reactions. A broad range of nucleophilic reagents (>10 types for the 1,6-conjugate addition for 5α substitution and >20 types for the Friedel-Crafts-type cascade reaction for 2α substitution), including alcohols, amides, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, indole, phenols, and many others, can successfully participate in the reactions, providing a universal strategy for a diversity-oriented synthesis of α-substituted furan derivatives. Deuteriation experiments and DFT calculations were carried out to support the proposed reaction mechanisms. Antifungal activity experiments revealed that products with an indole or 4-hydroxycoumarin core substituted at the 2α position showed moderate activities against Rhizoctorzia solani and Botrytis cinerea, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, and Department of, Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Fei Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ya Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, and Department of, Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Ke Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, and Department of, Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, and Department of, Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, and Department of, Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, and Department of, Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
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3
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Pardeshi VAS, Chundawat NS, Pathan SI, Sukhwal P, Chundawat TPS, Singh GP. A review on synthetic approaches of benzimidazoles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1841239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Priyal Sukhwal
- Department of Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles’ University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Girdhar Pal Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles’ University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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4
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Elgemeie GH, Azzam RA, Osman RR. Recent advances in synthesis, metal complexes and biological evaluation of 2-aryl, 2-pyridyl and 2-pyrimidylbenzothiazoles as potential chemotherapeutics. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5
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Pathak N, Rathi E, Kumar N, Kini SG, Rao CM. A Review on Anticancer Potentials of Benzothiazole Derivatives. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:12-23. [PMID: 31288719 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190617153213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Benzothiazole is an organic compound bearing a heterocyclic nucleus (thiazole) which imparts a broad spectrum of biological activities to it. The significant and potent activity of benzothiazole moiety influenced distinctively by nature and position of substitutions. This review summarizes the effect of various substituents in recent trends and approaches to design and develop novel benzothiazole derivatives for anticancer potential in different cell lines by interpreting the Structure- Activity Relationship (SAR) and mechanism of action of a wide range of derivatives. The list of derivatives is categorized into different groups and reviewed for their anticancer activity. The structure-activity relationship for the various derivatives revealed an excellent understanding of benzothiazole moiety in the field of cancer therapy against different cancer cell line. Data obtained from the various articles showed the potential effect of benzothiazole moiety and its derivatives to produce the peculiar and significant lead compound. The important anticancer mechanisms found are tyrosine kinase inhibition, topoisomerase inhibition and induction of apoptosis by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) activation. Therefore, the design and development of novel benzothiazole have broad scope in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Pathak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Ekta Rathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Suvarna G Kini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - C Mallikarjuna Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
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6
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Binuclear copper(II) complex with 2-imidazolylbenzothiazole and bridged chloride ligands. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Amin SA, Adhikari N, Gayen S, Jha T. Reliable structural information for rational design of benzoxazole type potential cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors through multiple validated modeling techniques. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:4528-4541. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1552895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sk. Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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8
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Synthesis and characterization of amino glucose-functionalized silica-coated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles: A heterogeneous, new and magnetically separable catalyst for the solvent-free synthesis of 2,4,5–trisubstituted imidazoles, benzo[d]imidazoles, benzo[d] oxazoles and azo-linked benzo[d]oxazoles. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Maddili SK, Yandrati LP, Siddam S, Kannekanti VK, Gandham H. Green synthesis, biological and spectroscopic study on the interaction of multi-component Mannich bases of imidazo[2,1-b]benzothiazoles with human serum albumin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 176:9-16. [PMID: 28938203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of Mannich bases of imidazo[2, l-b]benzothiazoles were prepared through one-pot multi-component reaction in the presence of water as an eco-friendly solvent. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed from IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and Mass spectroscopy. Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities of all the synthesized derivatives was further accomplished. These results clearly displayed that compound 6d exhibited outstanding anti-inflammatory activity with a percentage inhibition of 70.23% by membrane stabilization method whereas 67.54% at 100μgmL-1 by the albumin denaturation method, which is comparable to the standard Diclofenac. Further screening against five fungal species (C. albicans ATCC 76615, C. mycoderma, C. utilis, A. flavus, and B. yeast) along with four gram positive (Methicillin-resistant S. aureus N315 (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21216, and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698), and six Gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli DH52, Escherichia coli JM109, Salmonella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus proteus ATCC13315 and Bacillus typhi) was carried out. These findings manifested that compound 7c displayed excellent antifungal efficacy while compound 7b revealed significant anti-microbial activity. In addition binding behaviour of compound 7b was investigated by binding study between calf thymus DNA and compound 7b by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and further research about HSA interactions was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha K Maddili
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India
| | - Leela Prasad Yandrati
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India
| | - Shakuntala Siddam
- Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Vijaya Kumar Kannekanti
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India; Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Himabindu Gandham
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India
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10
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Chen Z, Zhang S, Zhu Z, Zhang Y. A novel platinum(ii) anticancer complex of danysl bis(2-benzothiazolylmethyl)amine with dimethyl sulfoxide as a leaving group: synthesis, cytotoxicity, interaction with DNA and human serum albumin. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01223c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel mononuclear platinum(ii) anticancer complex of danysl bis(2-benzothiazolylmethyl)amine with a dimethyl sulfoxide as a leaving group was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Jianghan University
- Wuhan 430056
| | - Shuping Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Normal University
- Huangshi 435002
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210017
- P. R. China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Jianghan University
- Wuhan 430056
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11
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Maleki B, Baghayeri M, Vahdat SM, Mohammadzadeh A, Akhoondi S. Ag@TiO2 nanocomposite; synthesis, characterization and its application as a novel and recyclable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives in aqueous media. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06618b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A Ag@TiO2 nanocomposite/water as a novel catalytic system is used for the synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives. A shorter reaction time along with high product yield, catalyst stability and recyclability are the merits of this novel protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Maleki
- Department of Chemistry
- Hakim Sabzevari University
- Sabzevar 96179-76487
- Iran
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry
- Hakim Sabzevari University
- Sabzevar 96179-76487
- Iran
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12
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Gopalaiah K, Chandrudu SN. Iron(ii) bromide-catalyzed oxidative coupling of benzylamines with ortho-substituted anilines: synthesis of 1,3-benzazoles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12490a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An iron(ii) bromide-catalyzed oxidative coupling of benzylamines with 2-amino/hydroxy/mercapto-anilines has been developed, allowing the synthesis of a diversity of substituted 1,3-benzazoles in good to excellent yields.
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13
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Abstract
Recent advancements in the condensation of alcohols with pronucleophiles by the Mitsunobu reaction are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
- Baltimore
- USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center
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14
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Yilmaz S, Altinkanat-Gelmez G, Bolelli K, Guneser-Merdan D, Over-Hasdemir MU, Yildiz I, Aki-Yalcin E, Yalcin I. Pharmacophore generation of 2-substituted benzothiazoles as AdeABC efflux pump inhibitors in A. baumannii. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 25:551-563. [PMID: 24905472 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2014.919357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RND family efflux pumps are important for multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. To date no efflux pump inhibitors for clinical use have been found, so developing the specific inhibitors of this pump system will be beneficial for the treatment of infections caused by these multidrug-resistant pathogens. A set of BSN-coded 2-substituted benzothiazoles were tested alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin (CIP) against the RND family efflux pump AdeABC overexpressor Acinetobacter baumannii SbMox-2 strain. The results indicated that the BSN compounds did not have antimicrobial activity when tested alone. However, if they were applied in combination with CIP, it was observed that the antibiotic had antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogen, possessing a minimum inhibitory concentration value that could be utilized in clinical treatment. A 3D-common features pharmacophore model was applied by using the HipHop method and the generated pharmacophore hypothesis revealed that the hydrogen bond acceptor property of nitrogen in the thiazole ring and the oxygen of the amide substituted at the second position of the benzothiazole ring system were significant for binding to the target protein. Moreover, three hydrophobic aromatic features were found to be essential for inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yilmaz
- a Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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15
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16
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Singh M, Singh SK, Gangwar M, Nath G, Singh SK. Design, synthesis and mode of action of some benzothiazole derivatives bearing an amide moiety as antibacterial agents. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02649g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Schematic outline of the most potent compound, benzothiazole bearing amide moiety A07, showing antibacterial activity and its mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)
- Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Sudhir K. Singh
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Mayank Gangwar
- Department of Microbiology
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Gopal Nath
- Department of Microbiology
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Sushil K. Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)
- Varanasi-221005, India
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17
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Huang WK, Lan CM, Liu YS, Lee PH, Chang SM, Diau EWG. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Heteroleptic Ruthenium Complexes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of 2-azetidinone derivatives of pyridyl benzimidazoles. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Design, synthesis and screening of some novel benzoxazole based 1,3,4-oxadiazoles as potential antimicrobial agents. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Yang X, Liang J. 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazoles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc2011129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazoles from the reaction of 2-aminothiophenol and aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is reported.
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21
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4H-1,4-Benzothiazine, Dihydro-1,4-benzothiazinones and 2-Amino-5-fluorobenzenethiol Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and in vitro Antimicrobial Screening. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2011; 345:407-16. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Unusual ligand-dependent chemoselective Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of 3-bromo-4-trifloyl-thiophenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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24
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Yoon YK, Ali MA, Ismail R, Rosli MM, Fun HK. Ethyl 1-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-2-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-1 H-1,3-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o1772. [PMID: 21837149 PMCID: PMC3152030 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811023294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C26H32N4O4, consists of two independent molecules. In both molecules, the ethoxy groups are each disordered over two sets of sites with occupancies of 0.695 (4):0.305 (4) and 0.877 (2):0.123 (2). The dihedral angles between the benzimidazole ring system and the adjacent benzene ring in the two molecules are 41.41 (5) and 31.46 (5)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N interactions.
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25
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Yoon YK, Ali MA, Choon TS, Hemamalini M, Fun HK. Ethyl 1-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)eth-yl]-2-[4-(trifluoro-meth-yl)phen-yl]-1H-benzimid-azole-5-carboxyl-ate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o1215. [PMID: 21754513 PMCID: PMC3089142 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811014619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C23H24F3N3O3, the morpholine ring adopts a chair conformation. The benzimidazole ring is approximately planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.028 (1) Å for one of the unsubstituted C atoms. The benzimidazole ring makes dihedral angles of 35.66 (4) and 75.45 (5)° with the attached phenyl and morpholine rings, respectively. In the crystal structure, adjacent molecules are linked via C—H⋯F and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form a two-dimensional network.
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Lopes S, Nunes CM, Gómez-Zavaglia A, Pinho e Melo TMVD, Fausto R. Photochemistry and Vibrational Spectra of Matrix-Isolated Methyl 4-Chloro-5-phenylisoxazole-3-carboxylate. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:1199-209. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110705c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susy Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudio M. Nunes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andrea Gómez-Zavaglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (Conicet La Plata, UNLP), RA-1900, Argentina
| | | | - Rui Fausto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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Datta P, Sardar D, Mukhopadhyay AP, López-Torres E, Pastor CJ, Sinha C. Group-6 metal carbonyl complexes of pyridylbenzoxazole and pyridylbenzothiazole: Synthesis, structure, electrochemistry, photophysical property and DFT calculations. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Adibi H, Rashidi A, Khodaei MM, Alizadeh A, Majnooni MB, Pakravan N, Abiri R, Nematollahi D. Catecholthioether Derivatives: Preliminary Study of in-Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2011; 59:1149-52. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Adibi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
| | - Atefeh Rashidi
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center (NNRC), Razi University
| | - Abdolhamid Alizadeh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center (NNRC), Razi University
| | - Mohammad Bagher Majnooni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
| | - Narges Pakravan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center (NNRC), Razi University
| | - Ramin Abiri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
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29
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Azizian J, Tahermansouri H, Biazar E, Heidari S, Khoei DC. Functionalization of carboxylated multiwall nanotubes with imidazole derivatives and their toxicity investigations. Int J Nanomedicine 2010; 5:907-14. [PMID: 21116331 PMCID: PMC2990384 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Imidazoles and their derivatives are compounds with chemotherapeutic applications. In this study, we investigated the chemical functionalization of carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-COOH) by 1,2-phenylendiamine. Multiwalled nanotube (MWNT)-benzimidazole was obtained by an MWNT-amide reaction with POCl(3) after 72 hours, which was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and elemental analysis. These functionalizations were chosen due to -NH(2) and NHCO active sites in MWNT-amide for future application. Toxicity assays with fibroblast cells and MTT test for measurement of viable cell numbers were also performed. Cellular results did not show any toxicity change in modified samples from that of the reference samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Azizian
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Ponak, Tehran, Iran.
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30
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Mosslemin MH, Fazlinia A. An Efficient Procedure for the Synthesis of Benzoxazole and Benzothiazole Derivatives Using a H2O2/SiO2-FeCl3 System. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10426501003598630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abbas Fazlinia
- a Department of Chemistry , Islamic Azad University–Yazd Branch , Yazd, Iran
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31
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Patil SS, Bobade VD. Simple and Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzoxazole and Benzothiazole. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910902906602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S. Patil
- a Department of Chemistry , Hansraj Pragji Thakersi Arts and Raojisa Yamasa Kshatriya Science College , Nasik , India
| | - Vivek D. Bobade
- a Department of Chemistry , Hansraj Pragji Thakersi Arts and Raojisa Yamasa Kshatriya Science College , Nasik , India
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32
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Franchini C, Muraglia M, Corbo F, Florio MA, Di Mola A, Rosato A, Matucci R, Nesi M, van Bambeke F, Vitali C. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Mercapto-1,3-benzothiazole Derivatives with Potential Antimicrobial Activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 342:605-13. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Freinbichler W, Soliman A, Jameson RF, Jameson GNL, Linert W. Kinetic study of the complex reaction between copper(II) and 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)benzothiazole. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 74:30-35. [PMID: 19525143 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
2-(2'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)benzothiazole reacts with copper(II) in an ethanol/water mixture to form an O,S chelate which exhibits the remarkable property of changing the chelation site above a pH of ca. 5.0, to the O,N site. The detailed kinetics of this reaction in an ethanol/water mixture (3:1) at a temperature of 25 degrees C was investigated using a stopped-flow spectrophotometric technique employing a wavelength of 400 nm. The initial complex, Cu(O,S), is formed via a fast, reversible second-order complex formation step whereupon the formation of the Cu (O,N) follows first order kinetics. The Cu(O,N) complex is, however, unstable towards internal electron exchange and after the reaction is complete, a black polymeric material very slowly precipitates out of solution. Rate and equilibrium constants for the postulated reactions are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfhardt Freinbichler
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
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34
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Ma D, Xie S, Xue P, Zhang X, Dong J, Jiang Y. Efficient and Economical Access to Substituted Benzothiazoles: Copper-Catalyzed Coupling of 2-Haloanilides with Metal Sulfides and Subsequent Condensation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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35
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Ma D, Xie S, Xue P, Zhang X, Dong J, Jiang Y. Efficient and Economical Access to Substituted Benzothiazoles: Copper-Catalyzed Coupling of 2-Haloanilides with Metal Sulfides and Subsequent Condensation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4222-5. [PMID: 19425042 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
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36
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Beloglazkina EK, Yudin IV, Mazhuga AG, Moiseeva AA, Zatonskii SV, Zyk NV. Synthesis and electrochemical study of 3- and 4-(2-pyridyl)-1,3-benzothiazole complexes with transition metals (CoII, NiII, and CuII). Molecular structure of bis{(4-(2-pyridyl)-1,3-benzothiazole)copper(ii)} tetraacetate. Russ Chem Bull 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-008-0090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Chaskar AC, Bandgar BP, Modhave RK, Patil AB, Yewale S. Novel Synthesis of Anthelmintic Drug 4-Isothiocyanato-4′-nitrodiphenyl Ether and Its Analogs. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802448481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. C. Chaskar
- a C. K. Thakur Research Centre , Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - R. K. Modhave
- a C. K. Thakur Research Centre , Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A. B. Patil
- a C. K. Thakur Research Centre , Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S. Yewale
- a C. K. Thakur Research Centre , Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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38
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Ozokan KG, Gumus MK, Kaban S. Synthesis of hetaryl-substituted benzoxazolesviaoxidative cyclization of phenolic schiff's bases. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Radi M, Saletti S, Botta M. A one-pot, two-step microwave-assisted synthesis of highly functionalized benzoxazoles using solid-supported reagents (SSRs). Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Haneda S, Gan Z, Eda K, Hayashi M. Ligand Effects of 2-(2-Pyridyl)benzazole−Pd Complexes on the X-ray Crystallographic Structures, 1H NMR Spectra, and Catalytic Activities in Mizoroki−Heck Reactions. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om7008843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Haneda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Zhibin Gan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuo Eda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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41
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Kamila S, Koh B, Biehl ER. Microwave-assisted “green” synthesis of 2-alkyl/arylbenzothiazoles in one pot: A facile approach to anti-tumor drugs. J Heterocycl Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570430627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Fujiwara RT, Geiger SM, Bethony J, Mendez S. Comparative immunology of human and animal models of hookworm infection. Parasite Immunol 2006; 28:285-93. [PMID: 16842265 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00821.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hookworm infection is a major cause of disease burden for animals and humans. Over the past years, the use of animal models in hookworm infections has been driven by the search of new anthelminthic therapies and, especially, vaccine development. These studies also contributed to the advance of knowledge on immunity to hookworms, offering new insights to understand the nature of this parasitic infection. In this article, we will summarize the essential features of the immune response in the two major animal models of hookworm infections (dog and hamster) and then consider its implication for the human immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Fujiwara
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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43
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Leungsakul T, Keenan BG, Mori MA, Morton MD, Stuart JD, Smets BF, Wood TK. Oxidation of aminonitrotoluenes by 2,4-DNT dioxygenase ofBurkholderia sp. strain DNT. Biotechnol Bioeng 2006; 93:231-7. [PMID: 16315327 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aminonitrotoluenes form rapidly from the reduction of dinitrotoluenes (DNTs) which are priority pollutants and animal carcinogens. For example, 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene (4A2NT) and 2A4NT accumulate from the reduction of 2,4-DNT during its aerobic biodegradation. Here, we show that 2,4-DNT dioxygenase (DDO) from Burkholderia sp. strain DNT oxidizes the aminonitrotoluenes 2A3NT, 2A6NT, 4A3NT, and 5A2NT to 2-amino-3-nitrobenzylalcohol, 2-amino-4-nitro-m-cresol and 3-amino-5-nitro-p-cresol, 4-amino-3-nitrobenzylalcohol and aminonitrocresol, and 2-amino-5-nitro-o-cresol, respectively. 2A5NT and 3A4NT are oxidized to aminonitrocresols and/or aminonitrobenzylalcohols, and 4A2NT is oxidized to aminonitrocresol. Only 2A4NT, a reduced compound derived from 2,4-DNT, was not oxidized by DDO or its three variants. The alpha subunit mutation I204Y resulted in two to fourfold faster oxidization of the aminonitrotoluenes. Though these enzymes are dioxygenases, they acted like monooxygenases by adding a single hydroxyl group, which did not result in the release of nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thammajun Leungsakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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44
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Sokolov VB, Aksinenko AY, Epishina TA, Goreva TV, Martynov IV. Acylimines of methyl trifluoropyruvate in cyclocondensation with C,N-bisnucleophiles. Russ Chem Bull 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-006-0200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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45
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Keenan BG, Leungsakul T, Smets BF, Mori MA, Henderson DE, Wood TK. Protein engineering of the archetypal nitroarene dioxygenase of Ralstonia sp. strain U2 for activity on aminonitrotoluenes and dinitrotoluenes through alpha-subunit residues leucine 225, phenylalanine 350, and glycine 407. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:3302-10. [PMID: 15866914 PMCID: PMC1112016 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.10.3302-3310.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO) from Ralstonia sp. strain U2 has not been reported to oxidize nitroaromatic compounds. Here, saturation mutagenesis of NDO at position F350 of the alpha-subunit (NagAc) created variant F350T that produced 3-methyl-4-nitrocatechol from 2,6-dinitrotoluene (26DNT), that released nitrite from 23DNT sixfold faster than wild-type NDO, and that produced 3-amino-4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol from 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2A46DNT) (wild-type NDO has no detectable activity on 26DNT and 2A46DNT). DNA shuffling identified the beneficial NagAc mutation G407S, which when combined with the F350T substitution, increased the rate of NDO oxidation of 26DNT, 23DNT, and 2A46DNT threefold relative to variant F350T. DNA shuffling of NDO nagAcAd also generated the NagAc variant G50S/L225R/A269T with an increased rate of 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene (4A2NT; reduction product of 2,4-dinitrotoluene) oxidation; from 4A2NT, this variant produced both the previously uncharacterized oxidation product 4-amino-2-nitrocresol (enhanced 11-fold relative to wild-type NDO) as well as 4-amino-2-nitrobenzyl alcohol (4A2NBA; wild-type NDO does not generate this product). G50S/L225R/A269T also had increased nitrite release from 23DNT (14-fold relative to wild-type NDO) and generated 2,3-dinitrobenzyl alcohol (23DNBA) fourfold relative to wild-type NDO. The importance of position L225 for catalysis was confirmed through saturation mutagenesis; relative to wild-type NDO, NDO variant L225R had 12-fold faster generation of 4-amino-2-nitrocresol and production of 4A2NBA from 4A2NT as well as 24-fold faster generation of nitrite and 15-fold faster generation of 23DNBA from 23DNT. Hence, random mutagenesis discovered two new residues, G407 and L225, that influence the regiospecificity of Rieske non-heme-iron dioxygenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan G Keenan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3222, USA
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46
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Czerwieniec R, Kapturkiewicz A, Lipkowski J, Nowacki J. Re(I)(tricarbonyl)+ complexes with the 2-(2-pyridyl)-N-methyl-benzimidazole, 2-(2-pyridyl)benzoxazole and 2-(2-pyridyl)benzothiazole ligands – syntheses, structures, electrochemical and spectroscopic studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2005.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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R. Biehl E, Kamila S, Zhang H. One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Aryl- and 2-Alkylbenzothiazoles under Microwave Irradiation. HETEROCYCLES 2005. [DOI: 10.3987/com-05-10466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Karlsson HJ, Bergqvist MH, Lincoln P, Westman G. Syntheses and DNA-binding studies of a series of unsymmetrical cyanine dyes: structural influence on the degree of minor groove binding to natural DNA. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:2369-84. [PMID: 15080934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2003] [Accepted: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Twelve crescent-shaped unsymmetrical dyes have been synthesized and their interactions with DNA have been investigated by spectroscopic methods. A new facile synthetic route to this type of cyanine dyes has been developed, involving the preparation of 6-substituted 2-thiomethyl-benzothiazoles in good yields. The new dyes are analogues to the minor groove binding unsymmetrical cyanine dye, BEBO, recently reported by us. In this dye, the structure of the known intercalating cyanine dye BO was extended with a 6-methylbenzothiazole substituent. Herein we further investigate the role of the extending benzazole heterocycle, as well as of the pyridine or quinoline moiety of the cyanine chromophore, for the binding mode of these crescent-shaped dyes to calf thymus DNA. Flow LD and CD studies of the 12 dyes show that the extent of minor groove binding to mixed sequence DNA varies significantly between the dyes. We find that hydrophobicity and size are the crucial parameters for recognition of the minor groove. The relatively high fluorescence quantum yield of many of these cyanines bound to DNA, combined with their absorption at long wavelengths, may render them useful in biological applications. In particular, two of the benzoxazole containing dyes BOXTO and 2-BOXTO show a high degree of minor groove binding and quantum yields of 0.52 and 0.32, respectively, when bound to DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jonas Karlsson
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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49
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Gong B, Hong F, Kohm C, Bonham L, Klein P. Synthesis and SAR of 2-arylbenzoxazoles, benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles as inhibitors of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase-β. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1455-9. [PMID: 15006381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2003] [Accepted: 01/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
2-Arylbenzoxazoles, benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles were identified as new classes of potent, isoform specific inhibitors of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase-beta (LPAAT-beta). Effects of selected inhibitors on proliferation of tumor cells in vitro were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Gong
- Cell Therapeutics, Inc., 201 Elliott Ave. W., Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
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50
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Park MS, Ha Park K, Jun K, Shin SR, Oh SW. Synthesis of 2-(2-, 3-, and 4-pyridyl)benzoxazoles by the reaction of phenolic schiff bases with thianthrene cation radical. J Heterocycl Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570390625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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