1
|
Sidler E, Zwick P, Kress C, Reznikova K, Fuhr O, Fenske D, Mayor M. Intense Molar Circular Dichroism in Fully Conjugated All-Carbon Macrocyclic 1,3-Butadiyne Linked pseudo-meta [2.2]Paracyclophanes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201764. [PMID: 35781897 PMCID: PMC9805063 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic access to macrocyclic molecular topologies with interesting photophysical properties has greatly improved thanks to the successful implementation of organic and inorganic corner units. Based on recent reports, we realized that pseudo-meta [2.2]paracyclophanes (PCPs) might serve as optimal corner units for constructing 3D functional materials, owing to their efficient electronic communication, angled substituents and planar chirality. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization and optical properties of four novel all-carbon enantiopure macrocycles bearing three to six pseudo-meta PCPs linked by 1,3-butadiyne units. The macrocycles were obtained by a single step from enantiopure, literature-known dialkyne pseudo-meta PCP and were unambiguously identified and characterized by state of the art spectroscopic methods and in part even by x-ray crystallography. By comparing the optical properties to relevant reference compounds, it is shown that the pseudo-meta PCP subunit effectively elongates the conjugated system throughout the macrocyclic backbone, such that already the smallest macrocycle consisting of only three subunits reaches a polymer-like conjugation length. Additionally, it is shown that the chiral pseudo-meta PCPs induce a remarkable chiroptical response in the respective macrocycles, reaching unprecedented high molar circular dichroism values for all-carbon macrocycles of up to 1307 L mol-1 cm-1 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sidler
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Patrick Zwick
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Charlotte Kress
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Ksenia Reznikova
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Olaf Fuhr
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)P. O. Box 364076021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Dieter Fenske
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)P. O. Box 364076021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland,Institute for Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)P. O. Box 364076021KarlsruheGermany,Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM)School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University (SYSU)510275GuangzhouP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maeda H, Inoue R, Saeki A, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of optically active through-space conjugated polymers consisting of planar chiral pseudo-meta-disubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
3
|
He J, Yu M, Pang M, Fan Y, Lian Z, Wang Y, Wang W, Liu Y, Jiang H. Nanosized Carbon Macrocycles Based on a Planar Chiral Pseudo Meta- [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103832. [PMID: 34962000 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Structural designs combining cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) backbone with planar chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane ([2.2]PCP) lead to optical-active chiral macrocycles with intriguing properties. X-ray crystal analysis revealed aesthetic necklace-shaped structures and size-dependent packages with long-range channels. The macrocycles exhibit unique photophysical properties with high fluorescence quantum yield of up to 82%, and the fluorescent color varies with ring size. In addition, size-dependent chiroptical properties with moderately large CPL dissymmetry factor of 10 -3 and CPL brightness in the range of 30 - 40 M -1 cm -1 were observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Mohan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, P. R. China
| | - Maofu Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 252100, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Fan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Lian
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miki N, Maeda H, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Syntheses and Chiroptical Properties of Optically Active V‐Shaped Molecules Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Hazuki Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Asakawa R, Tabata D, Miki N, Tsuchiya M, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Syntheses of Optically Active V‐Shaped Molecules: Relationship Between their Chiroptical Properties and the Orientation of the Stacked π‐Electron System. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Asakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) Osaka University 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Daiki Tabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Nanami Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Motoki Tsuchiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Biliz F, Cakici M. Regioselective Synthesis of 4,7,12,15‐Tetrasubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes: A Modular Route Involving Optical Resolution. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatmanur Biliz
- Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry Ataturk University 25240 Erzurum Turkey
| | - Murat Cakici
- Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry Ataturk University 25240 Erzurum Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tsuchiya M, Maeda H, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Construction of helical structures with planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane: fusing helical and planar chiralities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9256-9259. [PMID: 34519318 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03320d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Optically active conjugated molecules bearing one-handed helical structures, in which two [4]helicenes or two phenanthrenes are stacked at terminal benzene moieties, were prepared using enantiopure [2.2]paracyclophane as a chiral scaffold. The obtained molecules exhibited excellent chiroptical properties such as circularly polarized luminescence with high disymmetry factors. Planar chiral pseudo-meta-disubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane was also optically resolved on the sub-gram-scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Tsuchiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Hazuki Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University. 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Felder S, Wu S, Brom J, Micouin L, Benedetti E. Enantiopure planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes: Synthesis and applications in asymmetric organocatalysis. Chirality 2021; 33:506-527. [PMID: 34302702 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This short review focuses on enantiopure planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes (pCps), a fascinating class of molecules that possess an unusual three-dimensional core and intriguing physicochemical properties. In the first part of the review, different synthetic strategies for preparing optically active pCps are described. Although classical resolution methods based on the synthesis and separation of diastereoisomeric products still dominate the field, recent advances involving the kinetic resolution of racemic compounds and the desymmetrization of meso derivatives open up new possibilities to access enantiopure key intermediates on synthetically useful scales. Due to their advantageous properties including high configurational and chemical stability, [2.2]paracyclophanes are increasingly employed in various research fields, ranging from stereoselective synthesis to material sciences. The applications of [2.2]paracyclophanes in asymmetric organocatalysis are described in the second part of the review. While historically enantiopure pCps have been mainly employed by organic chemists as chiral ligands in transition-metal catalysis, these compounds can also be used as efficient catalysts in metal-free reactions and may inspire the development of new transformations in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Felder
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacolgiques et Toxicologiques - UMR8601 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Shiqi Wu
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacolgiques et Toxicologiques - UMR8601 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jules Brom
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacolgiques et Toxicologiques - UMR8601 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Micouin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacolgiques et Toxicologiques - UMR8601 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Erica Benedetti
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacolgiques et Toxicologiques - UMR8601 CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao Y, Wang XQ, Yu YJ, Zhou YG. Kinetic Resolution of [2.2]Paracyclophane-Derived Cyclic N-Sulfonylimines via Palladium-Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1262-1272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Volbach L, Struch N, Bohle F, Topić F, Schnakenburg G, Schneider A, Rissanen K, Grimme S, Lützen A. Influencing the Self-Sorting Behavior of [2.2]Paracyclophane-Based Ligands by Introducing Isostructural Binding Motifs. Chemistry 2020; 26:3335-3347. [PMID: 31815311 PMCID: PMC7154700 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two isostructural ligands with either nitrile (Lnit ) or isonitrile (Liso ) moieties directly connected to a [2.2]paracyclophane backbone with pseudo-meta substitution pattern have been synthesized. The ligand itself (Lnit ) or its precursors (Liso ) were resolved by HPLC on a chiral stationary phase and the absolute configuration of the isolated enantiomers was assigned by XRD analysis and/or by comparison of quantum-chemical simulated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Surprisingly, the resulting metallosupramolecular aggregates formed in solution upon coordination of [(dppp)Pd(OTf)2 ] differ in their composition: whereas Lnit forms dinuclear complexes, Liso exclusively forms trinuclear ones. Furthermore, they also differ in their chiral self-sorting behavior as (rac)-Liso undergoes exclusive social self-sorting leading to a heterochiral assembly, whereas (rac)-Liso shows a twofold preference for the formation of homochiral complexes in a narcissistic self-sorting manner as proven by ESI mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Interestingly, upon crystallization, these discrete aggregates undergo structural transformation to coordination polymers, as evidenced by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Volbach
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk Strasse 153121BonnGermany
| | - Niklas Struch
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk Strasse 153121BonnGermany
- current address: Arlanxeo Netherlands B.V.Urmonderbaan 246167 RDGeleenThe Netherlands
| | - Fabian Bohle
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstrasse 453115BonnGermany
| | - Filip Topić
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyväskyläP.O. Box 3540014JyväskyläFinland
- current address: Department of ChemistryMcGill University801 Sherbrooke St. WestMontrealQcH3A 0B8Canada
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk Strasse 153121BonnGermany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk Strasse 153121BonnGermany
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyväskyläP.O. Box 3540014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstrasse 453115BonnGermany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk Strasse 153121BonnGermany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anhäuser J, Puttreddy R, Glanz L, Schneider A, Engeser M, Rissanen K, Lützen A. Subcomponent Self-Assembly of a Cyclic Tetranuclear Fe II Helicate in a Highly Diastereoselective Self-Sorting Manner. Chemistry 2019; 25:12294-12297. [PMID: 31314931 PMCID: PMC6790559 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An enantiomerically pure diamine based on the 4,15-difunctionalized [2.2]paracyclophane scaffold and 2-formylpyridine self-assemble into an optically pure cyclic metallosupramolecular Fe4 L6 helicate upon mixing with iron(II) ions in a diastereoselective subcomponent self-assembly process. The cyclic assembly results from steric strain that prevents the formation of a smaller linear dinuclear triple-stranded helicate, and hence, leads to the larger strain-free assembly that fulfils the maximum occupancy rule. Interestingly, use of the racemic diamine also leads to a racemic mixture of the homochiral cyclic helicates as the major product in a highly diastereoselective narcissistic chiral self-sorting manner given the fact that the assembly contains ten stereogenic elements, which can in principle give rise to 149 different diastereomers. The metallosupramolecular aggregates could be characterized by NMR, UV/Vis and CD spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Anhäuser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse153121BonnGermany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyväskyläP.O. Box 3540014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Lukas Glanz
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse153121BonnGermany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse153121BonnGermany
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse153121BonnGermany
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyväskyläP.O. Box 3540014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse153121BonnGermany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Knoll DM, Šimek H, Hassan Z, Bräse S. Preparation and Synthetic Applications of [2.2]Paracyclophane Trifluoroborates: An Efficient and Convenient Route to Nucleophilic [2.2]Paracyclophane Cross‐Coupling Building Blocks. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Knoll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Helena Šimek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Götz S, Schneider A, Lützen A. Efficient resolution of racemic crown-shaped cyclotriveratrylene derivatives and isolation and characterization of the intermediate saddle isomer. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1339-1346. [PMID: 31293683 PMCID: PMC6604736 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparative resolution of a trifunctionalized C3-symmetrical chiral cyclotriveratrylene derivative was achieved via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a chiral stationary phase. This approach is a promising alternative to the previously reported resolution through formation of diastereomeric esters because it involves fewer synthetic steps and is less prone to thermal (re)racemization. During these studies an intermediate saddle conformer could also be isolated and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The HPLC separation method was further developed in order to allow investigations on the racemization behavior of the cyclotriveratrylene derivative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Götz
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Delcourt ML, Felder S, Turcaud S, Pollok CH, Merten C, Micouin L, Benedetti E. Highly Enantioselective Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation: A Practical and Scalable Method To Efficiently Access Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophanes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5369-5382. [PMID: 30887802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a general, practical method based on asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) to control the planar chirality of a range of substituted [2.2]paracyclophanes (pCps). Our strategy enabled us to perform both the kinetic resolution (KR) of racemic compounds and the desymmetrization of centrosymmetric meso derivatives on synthetically useful scales. High selectivities (up to 99% ee) and good yields (up to 48% for the KRs and 74% for the desymmetrization reactions) could be observed for several poly-substituted paracyclophanes, including a series of bromine-containing molecules. The optimized processes could be run up to the gram scale without any loss in the reaction efficiencies. Because of its broad applicability, the ATH approach appears to be the method of choice to access planar chiral pCps in their enantiopure form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Léonie Delcourt
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Simon Felder
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Serge Turcaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Corina H Pollok
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie 2 , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße , 150 44801 Bochum , Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie 2 , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstraße , 150 44801 Bochum , Germany
| | - Laurent Micouin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Erica Benedetti
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques-UMR8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Morisaki Y, Chujo Y. Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophanes: Optical Resolution and Transformation to Optically Active π-Stacked Molecules. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao Y, Wang H, Wu B, Zhou YG. Synthesis of paracyclophanes with planar and central chirality: kinetic resolution of [2.2]paracyclophane aldimines via palladium-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01011d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic resolution of [2.2]paracyclophane aldimines was achieved through a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective arylation, providing access to chiral paracyclophanes with planar and central chirality as well as the recovered chiral aldimines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Anhäuser J, Puttreddy R, Lorenz Y, Schneider A, Engeser M, Rissanen K, Lützen A. Chiral self-sorting behaviour of [2.2]paracyclophane-based bis(pyridine) ligands. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00155g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
[2.2]Paracyclophane-based bis(pyridine) ligands form dinuclear complexes upon coordination to palladium(ii) ions, however, with distinct differences concerning their chiral self-sorting ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Anhäuser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - R. Puttreddy
- University of Jyväskylä
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanoscience Center
- 40014 Jyväskylä
- Finland
| | - Y. Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - A. Schneider
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - M. Engeser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - K. Rissanen
- University of Jyväskylä
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanoscience Center
- 40014 Jyväskylä
- Finland
| | - A. Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Weiland KJ, Münch N, Gschwind W, Häussinger D, Mayor M. A Chiral Macrocyclic Oligothiophene with Broken Conjugation – Rapid Racemization through Internal Rotation. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Weiland
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Nathalia Münch
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Wanja Gschwind
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) P. O. Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maeda H, Kameda M, Hatakeyama T, Morisaki Y. π-Stacked Polymer Consisting of a Pseudo⁻ meta⁻[2.2]Paracyclophane Skeleton. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10101140. [PMID: 30961065 PMCID: PMC6403781 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel π-stacked polymer based on a pseudo–meta–linked [2.2]paracyclophane moieties was synthesized by Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling. The UV-vis absorption spectra of the synthesized polymer and model compounds revealed an extension of the conjugation length owing to the through-space conjugation. The optical properties of the π-stacked dimer with the pseudo–meta–linked [2.2]paracyclophane unit were compared with those of the corresponding dimers with the pseudo–ortho– and pseudo–para–linked [2.2]paracyclophane units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Mayu Kameda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Akagawa K, Higuchi J, Yoshikawa I, Kudo K. Kinetic Resolution of Ansa Cyclophanes by Peptide-Catalyzed Aldol/Retro-Aldol Reactions. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Akagawa
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
| | - Junichi Higuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
| | - Isao Yoshikawa
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuaki Kudo
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8505 Tokyo Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Delcourt ML, Felder S, Benedetti E, Micouin L. Highly Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Centrosymmetric pseudo-para-Diformyl[2.2]paracyclophane via Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Léonie Delcourt
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Simon Felder
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Erica Benedetti
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Micouin
- UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Toda M, Inoue Y, Mori T. Circular Dichroisms of Mono- and Dibromo[2.2]paracyclophanes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:22-29. [PMID: 31457876 PMCID: PMC6641403 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Circular dichroisms (CDs) of planar chiral 4-bromo[2.2]paracyclophane (1) and three isomeric dibromo[2.2]paracyclophanes (p-2, m'-2, and o'-2) were investigated experimentally and theoretically. They all exhibited strong multisignate Cotton effects (CEs) at the 1Lb, 1La, and 1B transitions of the component (bromo)benzene chromophore and were comparable to each other. For all of the cyclophanes examined, the enantiomer that eluted earlier from a chiral high-performance liquid chromatography column (Chiralcel IA or IB) exhibited negative and positive CEs at the 1Lb and 1La bands, respectively, which were followed by a more complicated pattern of CDs at the higher-energy bands. These CD features were well reproduced by quantum chemical calculations, allowing us to unambiguously assign the absolute configurations of the first-eluted enantiomers as R p in all of the cases examined. Interestingly, the CDs of 1 and 2, although largely comparable in shape, were still sensitive to the number and pattern of bromine substitution, showing closer resemblance between m'-2 and o'-2 and between p-2 and 1. The theoretical calculations also reproduced successfully these spectral resemblance between them. The anisotropy (g) factors for the 1Lb bands of these cyclophanes were considerably large (∼10-2), whereas those for the 1La band were conventional in the order of 10-3. In addition, a weak CE was observed in the low-energy region at around 320 nm, which turned out to originate from the interplanar interaction and is hence assigned to the "cyclophane band". The experimental g factors of this band were fairly large in the order of 10-2, but the computation turned out to be quite challenging and were less well reproduced theoretically, ascribable to the forbidden nature of the transition.
Collapse
|
23
|
Jarzebski A, Tenten C, Bannwarth C, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Lützen A. Diastereoselective Self-Assembly of a Neutral Dinuclear Double-Stranded Zinc(II) Helicate via Narcissistic Self-Sorting. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28650081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new bis(salicylimine) ligand based on the Tröger's base scaffold was synthesized in racemic and enantiomerically pure form. Upon coordination to zinc(II) ions this ligand undergoes highly diastereoselective self-assembly into neutral dinuclear double-stranded helicates as proven by XRD analysis and via comparison of experimental ECD spectra with those simulated with quantum-chemical methods. When the racemic ligand was used, self-assembly occurs under narcissistic self-sorting resulting in the formation of a racemic pair of helicates as revealed by NMR spectroscopy and XRD analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jarzebski
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Tenten
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Grimme S, Bannwarth C. Ultra-fast computation of electronic spectra for large systems by tight-binding based simplified Tamm-Dancoff approximation (sTDA-xTB). J Chem Phys 2016; 145:054103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4959605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vincent A, Deschamps D, Martzel T, Lohier JF, Richards CJ, Gaumont AC, Perrio S. Enantiomerically Pure [2.2]Paracyclophane-4-thiol: A Planar Chiral Sulfur-Based Building Block Readily Available by Resolution with an Amino Acid Chiral Auxiliary. J Org Chem 2016; 81:3961-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Vincent
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Damien Deschamps
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Martzel
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jean-François Lohier
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Christopher J. Richards
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Annie-Claude Gaumont
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Stéphane Perrio
- Normandie Univ, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France. Full address: Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS 6507, INC3M, FR 3038, ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jayasundera KP, Kusmus DNM, Deuilhé L, Etheridge L, Farrow Z, Lun DJ, Kaur G, Rowlands GJ. The synthesis of substituted amino[2.2]paracyclophanes. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10848-10860. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02150f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Amino[2.2]paracyclophanes can be prepared by direct amination of bromo[2.2]paracyclophanes or more generally by a formylation–oxime formation–oxidation–Lossen-like rearrangement sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Disraëli N. M. Kusmus
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | - Lise Deuilhé
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes
| | - Leonie Etheridge
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
| | - Zane Farrow
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
| | - David J. Lun
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
| | - Gareth J. Rowlands
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences
- Massey University
- Palmerston North
- New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Katoono R, Suzuki T. Planar chiral desymmetrization of a two-layered cyclophane and control of dynamic helicity through the arrangement of two nonstereogenic centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1029-31. [PMID: 26592752 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09069e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic helicity generated in a configurationally stable cyclophane is controlled through the arrangement of two nonstereogenic centers with different dimensions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Akagawa K, Nishi N, Yoshikawa I, Kudo K. Kinetic Resolution of a Planar-Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane Derivative by Helical-Peptide-Catalyzed Michael Addition of Nitromethane. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
29
|
Hopf H, Narayanan SV, Jones PG. The preparation of new functionalized [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives with N-containing functional groups. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:437-45. [PMID: 25977718 PMCID: PMC4419526 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The two isomeric bis(isocyanates) 4,12- and 4,16-di-isocyanato[2.2]paracyclophane, 16 and 28, have been prepared from their corresponding diacids by simple routes. The two isomers are versatile intermediates for the preparation of various cyclophanes bearing substituents with nitrogen-containing functional groups, e.g., the pseudo-ortho diamine 8, the bis secondary amine 23, and the crownophanes 18 and 19. Several of these new cyclophane derivatives (18, 19, 22, 26, 28) have been characterized by X-ray structural analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henning Hopf
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Swaminathan Vijay Narayanan
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Postfach 3329, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wolf H, Jørgensen MRV, Chen YS, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. Charge density investigations on [2,2]-paracyclophane – in data we trust. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2015; 71:10-19. [PMID: 25643711 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520614026080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Four datasets on [2,2]-paracyclophane were collected in-house and at the Advanced Photon Source at two different temperatures for charge density investigation. Global data quality indicators such as high resolution, high I/σ(I) values, low merging R values and high multiplicity were matched for all four datasets. The structural parameters did not show significant differences, but the synchrotron data depicted deficiencies in the topological analysis. In retrospect these deficiencies could be assigned to the low quality of the innermost data, which could have been identified by e.g. merging R values for only these reflections. In the multipole refinement these deficiencies could be monitored using DRK-plot and residual density analysis. In this particular example the differences in the topological parameters were relatively small but significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Wolf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mads R V Jørgensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, Advanced Photon Source, University of Chicago, 9700 S. Cass. Avenue, Argonne, IL 60539, USA
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|