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Liu JY, Guo HY, Quan ZS, Shen QK, Cui H, Li X. Research progress of natural products and their derivatives against Alzheimer's disease. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2171026. [PMID: 36803484 PMCID: PMC9946335 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2171026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a persistent neurological dysfunction, has an increasing prevalence with the aging of the world and seriously threatens the health of the elderly. Although there is currently no effective treatment for AD, researchers have not given up, and are committed to exploring the pathogenesis of AD and possible therapeutic drugs. Natural products have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique advantages. One molecule can interact with multiple AD-related targets, thus having the potential to be developed in a multi-target drug. In addition, they are amenable to structural modifications to increase interaction and decrease toxicity. Therefore, natural products and their derivatives that ameliorate pathological changes in AD should be intensively and extensively studied. This review mainly presents research on natural products and their derivatives for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hong Cui
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, China,Hong Cui Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China,CONTACT Xiaoting Li Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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Raus de Baviera D, Ruiz-Canales A, Barrajón-Catalán E. Cistus albidus L.-Review of a Traditional Mediterranean Medicinal Plant with Pharmacological Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2988. [PMID: 37631199 PMCID: PMC10458491 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Cistus albidus L. (Cistaceae) is a medicinal plant that has been used therapeutically since ancient times in the Mediterranean basin for its important pharmacological properties. The ability of C. albidus to produce large quantities of a wide range of natural metabolites makes it an attractive source of raw material. The main constituents with bioactive functions that exert pharmacological effects are terpenes and polyphenols, with more than 200 identified compounds. The purpose of this review is to offer a detailed account of the botanical, ethnological, phytochemical, and pharmacological characteristics of C. albidus with the aim of encouraging additional pharmaceutical investigations into the potential therapeutic benefits of this medicinal plant. This review was carried out using organized searches of the available literature up to July 2023. A detailed analysis of C. albidus confirms its traditional use as a medicinal plant. The outcome of several studies suggests a deeper involvement of certain polyphenols and terpenes in multiple mechanisms such as inflammation and pain, with a potential application focus on neurodegenerative diseases and disorders. Other diseases such as prostate cancer and leukemia have already been researched with promising results for this plant, for which no intoxication has been reported in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Raus de Baviera
- Department of Engineering, Area of Agroforestry, Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (D.R.d.B.); (A.R.-C.)
| | - Antonio Ruiz-Canales
- Department of Engineering, Area of Agroforestry, Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (D.R.d.B.); (A.R.-C.)
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Elche University Hospital-FISABIO, 03203 Elche, Spain
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Herraiz T. Assay of MAO Inhibition by Chromatographic Techniques (HPLC/HPLC-MS). Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2558:97-114. [PMID: 36169858 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2643-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes (MAO A and B) catalyze the oxidative deamination of biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and xenobiotic amines and contribute to the regulation of the content of these active substances in mammalian organisms. The oxidation of biogenic amines by MAO produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and aldehydes that represent risk factors for oxidative injury. The inhibitors of MAO are useful as antidepressants and neuroprotective agents. Usually, the assays of MAO determine amine deamination products or measure the H2O2 released by using direct spectrophotometric or fluorimetric methods. Direct methods are more prone to interferences and can afford inaccurate results. Those limitations can be avoided by using chromatographic techniques. This work describes a chromatographic method to assay MAO A and MAO B activity by using kynuramine as a nonselective substrate and the subsequent analysis of 4-hydroxyquinoline by RP-HPLC-DAD-fluorescence and mass spectrometry (MS). Alternatively, the assay uses the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxin as a substrate of MAO that is oxidized (bioactivated) to neurotoxic pyridinium cations which are analyzed by HPLC. These methods are applied to assess the inhibition of MAO by bioactive β-carboline alkaloids occurring in foods, plants, and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Herraiz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Hong SW, Teesdale-Spittle P, Page R, Truman P. A review of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors in tobacco or tobacco smoke. Neurotoxicology 2022; 93:163-172. [PMID: 36155069 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is reputed to be the most difficult addiction of all to give up, and nicotine has been noted as the major addictive agent in tobacco smoke. However, research shows that nicotine addiction is due to more than nicotine alone. One hypothesis is that monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition from non-nicotinic components in, or derived from, tobacco smoke contributes to nicotine addiction. Harman and norharman, have been recognised as major and potent MAO inhibitors in tobacco smoke, but these two inhibitors together comprise perhaps less than 10% of the total MAO A inhibitory activity in cigarette smoke suggesting other unidentified components may make significant contributions to total inhibitory activity. Therefore, we reviewed an index of the chemical components of tobacco and tobacco smoke and identified those known to be MAO inhibitors. Amongst these inhibitors, phenols and phenolic acids with MAO inhibitory activity are commonly reversible and selective MAO A inhibitors, whereas trans,trans-farnesol, 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (menadione), 1,4-naphthoquinone, scopoletin, and diosmetin with MAO inhibitory activity are reversible and selective MAO B inhibitors. The compound, 1,4-benzoquinone is an irreversible MAO A inhibitor and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first irreversible MAO A inhibitor to be reported in tobacco smoke. MAO inhibitors have been used clinically to treat depression, anxiety, and Parkinson's disease. The MAO inhibitors identified from tobacco and tobacco smoke and summarized in this review, are potential pharmacological candidates to be investigated further. This review will enhance our knowledge of the way tobacco smoke affects MAO activity in smokers and will also be important in helping to understand nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa Weon Hong
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington 6021, New Zealand.
| | - Paul Teesdale-Spittle
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Page
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington 6021, New Zealand
| | - Penelope Truman
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington 6021, New Zealand
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Rathod S, Arya S, Kanike S, Shah SA, Bahadur P, Tiwari S. Advances on nanoformulation approaches for delivering plant-derived antioxidants: A case of quercetin. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122093. [PMID: 35952801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in tumorigenic, cardiovascular, neuro-, and age-related degenerative changes. Antioxidants minimize the oxidative damage through neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other causative agents. Ever since the emergence of COVID-19, plant-derived antioxidants have received enormous attention, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. Quercetin (QCT), a bio-flavonoid, exists in the glycosylated form in fruits, berries and vegetables. The antioxidant potential of QCT analogs relates to the number of free hydroxyl groups in their structure. Despite presence of these groups, QCT exhibits substantial hydrophobicity. Formulation scientists have tested nanotechnology-based approaches for its improved solubilization and delivery to the intended site of action. By the virtue of its hydrophobicity, QCT gets encapsulated in nanocarriers carrying hydrophobic domains. Apart from passive accumulation, active uptake of such formulations into the target cells can be facilitated through well-studied functionalization strategies. In this review, we have discussed the approaches of improving solubilization and bioavailability of QCT with the use of nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Rathod
- UKA Tarsadia University, Maliba Pharmacy College, Gopal-Vidyanagar Campus, Surat 394350, India
| | - Shristi Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Shirisha Kanike
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Shailesh A Shah
- UKA Tarsadia University, Maliba Pharmacy College, Gopal-Vidyanagar Campus, Surat 394350, India
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395007, India
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, India.
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Zhang Y, Chen C, Cheng B, Gao L, Qin C, Zhang L, Zhang X, Wang J, Wan Y. Discovery of Quercetin and Its Analogs as Potent OXA-48 Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:926104. [PMID: 35814247 PMCID: PMC9258905 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.926104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae caused by OXA-48 β-lactamase is a growing global health threat and has rapidly spread in many regions of the world. Developing inhibitors is a promising way to overcome antibiotic resistance. However, there are few options for problematic OXA-48. Here we identified quercetin, fisetin, luteolin, 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone, apigenin, kaempferol, and taxifolin as potent inhibitors of OXA-48 with IC50 values ranging from 0.47 to 4.54 μM. Notably, the structure-activity relationship revealed that the substitute hydroxyl groups in the A and B rings of quercetin and its structural analogs improved the inhibitory effect against OXA-48. Mechanism studies including enzymatic kinetic assay, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis demonstrated that quercetin reversibly inhibited OXA-48 through a noncompetitive mode. Molecular docking suggested that hydroxyl groups at the 3′, 4′ and 7 positions in flavonoids formed hydrogen-bonding interactions with the side chains of Thr209, Ala194, and Gln193 in OXA-48. Quercetin, fisetin, luteolin, and 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone effectively restored the antibacterial efficacy of piperacillin or imipenem against E. coli producing OXA-48, resulting in 2–8-fold reduction in MIC. Moreover, quercetin combined with piperacillin showed antimicrobial efficacy in mice infection model. These studies provide potential lead compounds for the development of β-lactamase inhibitors and in combination with β-lactams to combat OXA-48 producing pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejuan Zhang
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wan,
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Marzo CM, Gambini S, Poletti S, Munari F, Assfalg M, Guzzo F. Inhibition of Human Monoamine Oxidases A and B by Specialized Metabolites Present in Fresh Common Fruits and Vegetables. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11030346. [PMID: 35161329 PMCID: PMC8838583 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diets rich in fruits and vegetables are associated with better psychological wellbeing and cognitive functions, although it is unclear which molecules and mechanisms are involved. One potential explanation is the inhibition of monoamine oxidases (MAOs), which have been linked to several neurological disorders. The present study investigated the ability of kiwifruit to inhibit MAO-A and MAO-B, refining an in vitro assay to avoid confounding effects. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were used to select individual kiwifruit metabolites for further analysis. Moreover, extracts of other common fruits and vegetables were screened to identify promising candidate inhibitors. Multiple extracts and compounds inhibited both enzymes, and the selective inhibition of MAO-B by the major kiwifruit specialized metabolite D-(−)-quinic acid was observed. These results suggest that fruits and vegetables contain metabolites that inhibit the activity of MAO-A and -B, offering a potential natural option for the treatment of neurological disorders, in which MAOs are involved.
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Non-cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics: Focus on the regulation of gene expression and enzyme activity. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108020. [PMID: 34637840 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative metabolism is one of the major biotransformation reactions that regulates the exposure of xenobiotics and their metabolites in the circulatory system and local tissues and organs, and influences their efficacy and toxicity. Although cytochrome (CY)P450s play critical roles in the oxidative reaction, extensive CYP450-independent oxidative metabolism also occurs in some xenobiotics, such as aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase, flavin-containing monooxygenase, monoamine oxidase, alcohol dehydrogenase, or aldehyde dehydrogenase-dependent oxidative metabolism. Drugs form a large portion of xenobiotics and are the primary target of this review. The common reaction mechanisms and roles of non-CYP450 enzymes in metabolism, factors affecting the expression and activity of non-CYP450 enzymes in terms of inhibition, induction, regulation, and species differences in pharmaceutical research and development have been summarized. These non-CYP450 enzymes are detoxifying enzymes, although sometimes they mediate severe toxicity. Synthetic or natural chemicals serve as inhibitors for these non-CYP450 enzymes. However, pharmacokinetic-based drug interactions through these inhibitors have rarely been reported in vivo. Although multiple mechanisms participate in the basal expression and regulation of non-CYP450 enzymes, only a limited number of inducers upregulate their expression. Therefore, these enzymes are considered non-inducible or less inducible. Overall, this review focuses on the potential xenobiotic factors that contribute to variations in gene expression levels and the activities of non-CYP450 enzymes.
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Mannan A, Singh TG, Singh V, Garg N, Kaur A, Singh M. Insights into the Mechanism of the Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Neurological Diseases. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:286-310. [PMID: 34238153 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210707120256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of monoamines and other proteins. MAO's hyperactivation results in the massive generation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to a variety of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and depression-like disorders. Although synthetic MAO inhibitors are clinically available, they are associated with side effects such as hepatotoxicity, cheese reaction, hypertensive crisis, and so on, necessitating the investigation of alternative MAO inhibitors from a natural source with a safe profile. Herbal medications have a significant impact on the prevention of many diseases; additionally, they have fewer side effects and serve as a precursor for drug development. This review discusses the potential of herbal MAO inhibitors as well as their associated mechanism of action, with an aim to foster future research on herbal MAO inhibitors as potential treatment for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Nikhil Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Rehuman NA, Mathew B, Jat RK, Nicolotti O, Kim H. A Comprehensive Review of Monoamine Oxidase-A Inhibitors in their Syntheses and Potencies. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 23:898-914. [PMID: 32342809 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200428091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) play a crucial role during the development of various neurodegenerative disorders. There are two MAO isozymes, MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-A is a flavoenzyme, which binds to the outer mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes the oxidative transformations of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Focus on synthetic studies has culminated in the preparation of many MAOA inhibitors, and advancements in combinatorial and parallel synthesis have accelerated the developments of synthetic schemes. Here, we provided an overview of the synthetic protocols employed to prepare different classes of MAO-A inhibitors. We classified these inhibitors according to their molecular scaffolds and the synthetic methods used. RESULTS Various synthetic and natural derivatives from a different class of MAO-A inhibitors were reported. CONCLUSION The review provides a valuable tool for the development of a new class of various selective MAO-A inhibitors for the treatment of depression and other anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha A Rehuman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi-682, India
| | - Rakesh K Jat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu, India
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
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Proposed Mechanism for the Antitrypanosomal Activity of Quercetin and Myricetin Isolated from Hypericum afrum Lam.: Phytochemistry, In Vitro Testing and Modeling Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041009. [PMID: 33672916 PMCID: PMC7918497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro activity of L. donovani (promastigotes, axenic amastigotes and intracellular amastigotes in THP1 cells) and T. brucei, from the fractions obtained from the hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial part of Hypericum afrum and the isolated compounds, has been evaluated. The chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts showed significant antitrypanosomal activity towards T. brucei, with IC50 values of 12.35, 13.53 and 12.93 µg/mL and with IC90 values of 14.94, 19.31 and 18.67 µg/mL, respectively. The phytochemical investigation of the fractions led to the isolation and identification of quercetin (1), myricitrin (2), biapigenin (3), myricetin (4), hyperoside (5), myricetin-3-O-β-d-galactopyranoside (6) and myricetin-3’-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7). Myricetin-3’-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7) has been isolated for the first time from this genus. The chemical structures were elucidated by using comprehensive one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) spectroscopic data, as well as high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI–MS). These compounds have also been evaluated for their antiprotozoal activity. Quercetin (1) and myricetin (4) showed noteworthy activity against T. brucei, with IC50 and IC90 values of 7.52 and 5.71 µM, and 9.76 and 7.97 µM, respectively. The T. brucei hexokinase (TbHK1) enzyme was further explored as a potential target of quercetin and myricetin, using molecular modeling studies. This proposed mechanism assists in the exploration of new candidates for novel antitrypanosomal drugs.
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EGE T, ŞELİMEN H. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Effects of Medicinal Plants in Management of Alzheimer's Disease. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.823874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Romeo I, Mesiti F, Lupia A, Alcaro S. Current Updates on Naturally Occurring Compounds Recognizing SARS-CoV-2 Druggable Targets. Molecules 2021; 26:632. [PMID: 33530467 PMCID: PMC7865633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified in China as the etiologic agent of the recent COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Due to its high transmissibility, this virus quickly spread throughout the world, causing considerable health issues. The scientific community exerted noteworthy efforts to obtain therapeutic solutions for COVID-19, and new scientific networks were constituted. No certified drugs to efficiently inhibit the virus were identified, and the development of de-novo medicines requires approximately ten years of research. Therefore, the repurposing of natural products could be an effective strategy to handle SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review aims to update on current status of the natural occurring compounds recognizing SARS-CoV-2 druggable targets. Among the clinical trials actually recruited, some natural compounds are ongoing to examine their potential role to prevent and to treat the COVID-19 infection. Many natural scaffolds, including alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, and benzoquinones, were investigated by in-silico, in-vitro, and in-vivo approaches. Despite the large data set obtained by a computational approach, experimental evidences in most cases are not available. To fill this gap, further efforts to validate these results are required. We believe that an accurate investigation of naturally occurring compounds may provide insights for the potential treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Romeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Francesco Mesiti
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.M.); (A.L.)
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Auxtero MD, Chalante S, Abade MR, Jorge R, Fernandes AI. Potential Herb-Drug Interactions in the Management of Age-Related Cognitive Dysfunction. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:124. [PMID: 33478035 PMCID: PMC7835864 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-life mild cognitive impairment and dementia represent a significant burden on healthcare systems and a unique challenge to medicine due to the currently limited treatment options. Plant phytochemicals have been considered in alternative, or complementary, prevention and treatment strategies. Herbals are consumed as such, or as food supplements, whose consumption has recently increased. However, these products are not exempt from adverse effects and pharmacological interactions, presenting a special risk in aged, polymedicated individuals. Understanding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions is warranted to avoid undesirable adverse drug reactions, which may result in unwanted side-effects or therapeutic failure. The present study reviews the potential interactions between selected bioactive compounds (170) used by seniors for cognitive enhancement and representative drugs of 10 pharmacotherapeutic classes commonly prescribed to the middle-aged adults, often multimorbid and polymedicated, to anticipate and prevent risks arising from their co-administration. A literature review was conducted to identify mutual targets affected (inhibition/induction/substrate), the frequency of which was taken as a measure of potential interaction. Although a limited number of drugs were studied, from this work, interaction with other drugs affecting the same targets may be anticipated and prevented, constituting a valuable tool for healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Auxtero
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Susana Chalante
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Mário R. Abade
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rui Jorge
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, Quinta do Galinheiro, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- CIEQV, Life Quality Research Centre, IPSantarém/IPLeiria, Avenida Dr. Mário Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
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15
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Umereweneza D, Atilaw Y, Rudenko A, Gütlin Y, Bourgard C, Gupta AK, Orthaber A, Muhizi T, Sunnerhagen P, Erdélyi M, Gogoll A. Antibacterial and cytotoxic prenylated dihydrochalcones from Eriosema montanum. Fitoterapia 2021; 149:104809. [PMID: 33359421 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two new prenylated dihydrochalcones (1,2) and eighteen known secondary metabolites (3-20) were isolated from the CH2Cl2-MeOH (1:1) extracts of the roots, the stem bark and the leaves of Eriosema montanum Baker f. (Leguminosae). The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. The structures of compounds 5, 10, 11 and 13 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The antibacterial activity of the crude extracts and the isolated constituents were established against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among the tested compounds, 1-4 and 10 showed strong activity against the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 3.1 to 8.9 μM, as did the leaf crude extract with an MIC of 3.0 μg/mL. None of the crude extracts nor the isolated compounds were active against Escherichia coli. Compounds 1, 3 and 4 showed higher cytotoxicity, evaluated against the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, with EC50 of 7.0, 18.0 and 18.0 μM, respectively. These findings contribute to the phytochemical understanding of the genus Eriosema, and highlight the pharmaceutical potential of prenylated dihydrochalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Umereweneza
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, P.O Box 3900, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Yoseph Atilaw
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anastasia Rudenko
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yukino Gütlin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catarina Bourgard
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arvind Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Théoneste Muhizi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, P.O Box 3900, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Per Sunnerhagen
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Adolf Gogoll
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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16
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Sanna C, Maxia A, Fenu G, Loi MC. So Uncommon and so Singular, but Underexplored: An Updated Overview on Ethnobotanical Uses, Biological Properties and Phytoconstituents of Sardinian Endemic Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E958. [PMID: 32751394 PMCID: PMC7465485 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The last decades have recorded an increase of plant-based drug discovery processes. Indeed, natural products possess a superior chemical diversity as compared to synthetic ones, leading to a renewal in searching for new therapeutic agents from the plant kingdom. In particular, since the structural variety of natural compounds reflects the biodiversity of their source organisms, regions of the world with high biodiversity and endemism deserve particular interest. In this context, Sardinia Island (Italy), with 290 endemic taxa (12% of the total flora), is expected to provide unique and structurally diverse phytochemicals for drug development. Several research groups built up a large program dedicated to the analysis of Sardinian endemic species, highlighting their peculiar features, both in respect of phytochemical and biological profiles. On this basis, the aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview on ethnobotanical uses, biological properties and phytoconstituents of Sardinian endemic plants in order to support their beneficial potential and to provide input for future investigations. We documented 152 articles published from 1965 to June 2020 in which a broad range of biological activities and the identification of previously undescribed compounds have been reported, supporting their great value as sources of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
- Co.S.Me.Se—Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Maxia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
- Co.S.Me.Se—Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
| | - Maria Cecilia Loi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
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17
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Rivière G, Oueslati S, Gayral M, Créchet JB, Nhiri N, Jacquet E, Cintrat JC, Giraud F, van Heijenoort C, Lescop E, Pethe S, Iorga BI, Naas T, Guittet E, Morellet N. NMR Characterization of the Influence of Zinc(II) Ions on the Structural and Dynamic Behavior of the New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1 and on the Binding with Flavonols as Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10466-10480. [PMID: 32426604 PMCID: PMC7226869 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) has recently emerged as a global threat because of its ability to confer resistance to all common β-lactam antibiotics. Understanding the molecular basis of β-lactam hydrolysis by NDM is crucial for designing NDM inhibitors or β-lactams resistant to their hydrolysis. In this study, for the first time, NMR was used to study the influence of Zn(II) ions on the dynamic behavior of NDM-1. Our results highlighted that the binding of Zn(II) in the NDM-1 active site induced several structural and dynamic changes on active site loop 2 (ASL2) and L9 loops and on helix α2. We subsequently studied the interaction of several flavonols: morin, quercetin, and myricetin were identified as natural and specific inhibitors of NDM-1. Quercetin conjugates were also synthesized in an attempt to increase the solubility and bioavailability. Our NMR investigations on NDM-1/flavonol interactions highlighted that both Zn(II) ions and the residues of the NDM-1 ASL1, ASL2, and ASL4 loops are involved in the binding of flavonols. This is the first NMR interaction study of NDM-1/inhibitors, and the models generated using HADDOCK will be useful for the rational design of more active inhibitors, directed against NDM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwladys Rivière
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Saoussen Oueslati
- EA7361
“Structure, Dynamic, Function and Expression of Broad Spectrum
β-Lactamases”, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Maud Gayral
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay
(ICMMO), CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | - Naïma Nhiri
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Jacquet
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Cintrat
- Service
de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - François Giraud
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carine van Heijenoort
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ewen Lescop
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Stéphanie Pethe
- EA7361
“Structure, Dynamic, Function and Expression of Broad Spectrum
β-Lactamases”, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bogdan I. Iorga
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Naas
- EA7361
“Structure, Dynamic, Function and Expression of Broad Spectrum
β-Lactamases”, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- . Phone:(33)145212019 or (33)145213030. Fax: (33)145216340
| | - Eric Guittet
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nelly Morellet
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- . Phone:(33)169823762. Fax: (33)169823784
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18
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Isolation of Quercetin from Rubus fruticosus, Their Concentration through NF/RO Membranes, and Recovery through Carbon Nanocomposite. A Pilot Plant Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8216435. [PMID: 32258148 PMCID: PMC7109554 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8216435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an attempt has been made to devise a method for a large-scale production of quercetin from a medicinal plant. The natural products are first isolated from plants and then synthesized commercially. During their synthesis, a number of impurities or side products are also formed, most of which are carcinogenic. Plant products have limited side effects. Therefore, they are considered safe to be used for systemic uses. In the Rubus fruticosus fruit, the ethyl acetate extract was loaded to 50 optimized silica gel columns. The effluents of columns were passed through the membrane system for concentration. A 100% recovery was achieved from the drain pipe in case of reverse osmosis membrane when the specified rely of the pilot plant was set on 25% rejection. About 95% recovery was achieved through the NF membrane while the 5% loss in permeate was recovered through magnetic carbon nanocomposite (characterized through a bar magnet, SEM, XRD, and EDX). The equilibrium time of adsorption was 83 min and followed by pseudo-first-order kinetics. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model. Through the devised method, quercetin was successfully concentrated with high efficiencies; however, further studies are needed to validate the method.
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19
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Moliner C, Barros L, Dias MI, Reigada I, Ferreira ICFR, López V, Langa E, Rincón CG. Viola cornuta and Viola x wittrockiana: Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and neuroprotective activities on Caenorhabditis elegans. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:849-859. [PMID: 31590756 PMCID: PMC9306981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Different Viola species are known for their traditional use as analgesic, antitussive, febrifuge, hipnotic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicinal agents. Additionally, they are considered edible flowers in certain cultures. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the phenolic composition and to assess the neuroprotective properties of Viola cornuta and Viola x wittrockiana using in vitro and in vivo methodologies with Caenorhabditis elegans as model. The identification of the phenolic compounds was carried out with a LC-DAD-ESI/MSn. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined in vitro using Folin-Ciocalteu, DPPH and FRAP assays and in vivo with a juglone-induced oxidative stress in C. elegans. The neuroprotective properties were evaluated measuring the ability to inhibit CNS enzymes (MAO A, AChE), and the capability to avoid paralyzing the C. elegans CL4176, an Alzheimer disease model. The phenolic content was higher in V. x wittrockiana, being quercetin-3-O-(6-O-rhamnosylglucoside)-7-O-rhamnoside the predominant compound in the extract, which also exhibited a stronger antioxidant capacity in vitro and a higher response to lethal oxidative stress on C. elegans than V. cornuta. Only V. x wittrockiana showed inhibitory effect on CNS enzymes, such as acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase A, but both had protective effect against the paralysis of C. elegans. These findings suggest that the studied V. cornuta and V. x wittrockiana could be interesting candidates for age related neurodegenerative disorder associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moliner
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Inés Reigada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elisa Langa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carlota Gómez Rincón
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain.
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20
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Dhiman P, Malik N, Khatkar A. In Silico Design, Synthesis of Hybrid Combinations: Quercetin Based MAO Inhibitors with Antioxidant Potential. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:156-170. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190212122403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
<P>Background: Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a critical target used for the cure of neuropsychological
diseases.
</P><P>
Objective: A series of quercetin based derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as novel
multifunctional agents against monoamine oxidase A and B with antioxidant potential.
Methods:
Hybrid derivatives based on quercetin were synthesized and screened for hMAO inhibition
along with antioxidant activity. Molecular docking was performed to explicate the rationale of the different
MAO (IC50) values and to explain the presence of inhibitory activity against specificity, respectively.
Results:
The results of in vitro hMAO inhibition showed that compound 8a, 6c, and 4 were found as
potent hMAO-A inhibitors whereas compounds 6b, 6a, and 6d were observed as potent hMAO-B inhibitors.
The DPPH radical scavenging activity showed that compounds 6b, 6a, and 4 exhibited a promising
antioxidant potential with IC50 values 5.931±0.007, 6.421±0.037, and 8.516±0.098 respectively.
Moreover, the compound 6b, 6a, and 4 exhibited remarkable H2O2 scavenging potential with IC50 values
05.80±0.004 µM, 06.20±0.009 µM, and 07.66±0.009 µM respectively.
Conclusion:
The results of docking studies were found in good correlation with experimental MAO inhibition
studies. Moreover, the mechanistic insight into the docking poses was also explored by binding
interactions of quercetin based derivatives inside the dynamic site of hMAO-A and hMAO-B. It was
also noticed that the potent MAO inhibitors were also acting as better antioxidants as evaluated through
DPPH radical scavenging activity and H2O2 radical scavenging assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dhiman
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Neelam Malik
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
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21
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Dhiman P, Malik N, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Uriarte E, Khatkar A. Quercetin and Related Chromenone Derivatives as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: Targeting Neurological and Mental Disorders. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030418. [PMID: 30678358 PMCID: PMC6385169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase inhibitions are considered as important targets for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. This has encouraged many medicinal chemistry research groups for the development of most promising selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. A large number of plant isolates also reported for significant MAO inhibition potential in recent years. Differently substituted flavonoids have been prepared and investigated as MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitors. Flavonoid scaffold showed notable antidepressant and neuroprotective properties as revealed by various and established preclinical trials. The current review made an attempt to summarizing and critically evaluating the new findings on the quercetin and related flavonoid derivatives functions as potent MAO isoform inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dhiman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. D. University, Rohtak 124001, India.
| | - Neelam Malik
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. D. University, Rohtak 124001, India.
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, 8370178 Santiago, Chile.
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 7500912 Santiago, Chile.
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. D. University, Rohtak 124001, India.
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22
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Baek SC, Park MH, Ryu HW, Lee JP, Kang MG, Park D, Park CM, Oh SR, Kim H. Rhamnocitrin isolated from Prunus padus var. seoulensis: A potent and selective reversible inhibitor of human monoamine oxidase A. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:317-325. [PMID: 30396116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Three flavanones and two flavones were isolated from the leaves of Prunus padus var. seoulensis by the activity-guided screening for new monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Among the compounds isolated, rhamnocitrin (5) was found to potently and selectively inhibit human MAO-A (hMAO-A, IC50 = 0.051 µM) and effectively inhibit hMAO-B (IC50 = 2.97 µM). The IC50 value of 5 for hMAO-A was the lowest amongst all natural flavonoids reported to date, and the potency was 20.2 times higher than that of toloxatone (1.03 µM), a marketed drug. In addition, 5 reversibly and competitively inhibited hMAO-A and hMAO-B with Ki values of 0.030 and 0.91 µM, respectively. Genkwanin (4) was also observed to strongly inhibit hMAO-A and hMAO-B (IC50 = 0.14 and 0.35 µM, respectively), and competitively inhibit hMAO-A and hMAO-B (Ki = 0.097 and 0.12 µM, respectively). Molecular docking simulation reveals that the binding affinity of 5 with hMAO-A (-18.49 kcal/mol) is higher than that observed with hMAO-B (0.19 kcal/mol). Compound 5 interacts with hMAO-A at four possible residues (Asn181, Gln215, Thr336, and Tyr444), while hMAO-B forms a single hydrogen bond at Glu84. These findings suggest that compound 5 as well as 4 can be considered as novel potent and reversible hMAO-A and/or hMAO-B inhibitors or useful lead compounds for future development of hMAO inhibitors in neurological disorder therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Cheol Baek
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Pil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gyun Kang
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeui Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Min Park
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Dhiman P, Malik N, Khatkar A. 3D-QSAR and in-silico Studies of Natural Products and Related Derivatives as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:881-900. [PMID: 29189167 PMCID: PMC6080100 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171128143650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The computational development of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors led to advancement in drug design and the treatment of many neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. The computational development of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors led to advancement in drug design and the treatment of many neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. Different natural heterocyclic structures are reported to display selective MAO inhibitory activity by preclinical and in-silico modeling. OBJECTIVE Currently, the major interest is devoted to the study of natural based therapeutic agents from the different categories. Therefore, we presenting the review to critically discuss and outline the recent advances in our knowledge on the importance of natural and natural based ligand-MAO insilico methods for novel MAO inhibitors. DISCUSSION Several natural and related synthetic heterocyclic compounds such as coumarins, β- carboline, piperine, naphthoquinone, morpholine, caffeine, amphetamine moreover flavonoids, chalcones, xanthones, curcumin are discussed for their MAO inhibitory profile along with molecular docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship studies. CONCLUSION It is clear that, by this computational drug design approach, more particular, reversible and potent compounds can be proposed as MAO inhibitors by exact changes on the fundamental framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dhiman
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D. University, Rohtak (124001), India
| | - Neelam Malik
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D. University, Rohtak (124001), India
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D. University, Rohtak (124001), India
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Liu J, Zhao M, Song W, Ma L, Li X, Zhang F, Diao L, Pi Y, Jiang K. An amine oxidase gene from mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, regulates the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine in vitro. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204325. [PMID: 30248122 PMCID: PMC6152983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amine oxidase, which participates in the metabolic processing of biogenic amines, is widely found in organisms, including higher organisms and various microorganisms. In this study, the full-length cDNA of a novel amine oxidase gene was cloned from the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, and termed SpAMO. The cDNA sequence was 2,599 bp in length, including an open reading frame of 1,521 bp encoding 506 amino acids. Two amino acid sequence motifs, a flavin adenine dinucleotide-binding domain and a flavin-containing amine oxidoreductase, were highly conserved in SpAMO. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression level of SpAMO after quercetin treatment was time- and concentration-dependent. The expression of SpAMO tended to decrease and then increase in the brain and haemolymph after treatment with 5 mg/kg/d quercetin; after treatment with 50 mg/kg/d quercetin, the expression of SpAMO declined rapidly and remained low in the brain and haemolymph. These results indicated that quercetin could inhibit the transcription of SpAMO, and the high dose (50 mg/kg/d) had a relatively significant inhibitory effect. SpAMO showed the highest catalytic activity on serotonin, followed by dopamine, β-phenylethylamine, and spermine, suggesting that the specific substrates of SpAMO are serotonin and dopamine. A bioinformatics analysis of SpAMO showed that it has molecular characteristics of spermine oxidase, but a quercetin test and enzyme activity study indicated that it also functions like monoamine oxidase. It is speculated that SpAMO might be a novel amine oxidase in S. paramamosain that has the functions of both spermine oxidase and monoamine oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Song
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingbo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (KJ); (LM)
| | - Xiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Diao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Pi
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keji Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (KJ); (LM)
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UV-Vis spectroscopy combined with chemometric study on the interactions of three dietary flavonoids with copper ions. Food Chem 2018; 263:208-215. [PMID: 29784309 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The complex formation between a copper ion and the dietary flavonoid quercetin (QU) and its two glycosides hyperin (HY) and rutin (RU) was studied by the combined use of spectroscopic measurement and the chemometric method. The spectral changes of pH titration revealed two successively formed deprotonated species of QU: the first formed species was proposed to be the 3-hydroxyl group deprotonated QU, and the second was the quinone form QU, which was formed by oxidation after the hydroxyl groups in the B-ring were deprotonated at high pH values. Similar results were obtained for HY and RU with two deprotonated species forming at high pH values. UV/visible spectroscopy showed successive formation of CuL2 and CuL species of QU at pH 6.0, while only Cu2L was formed for HY and RU at this pH. Glycoside moieties in the C-ring of flavonoids decrease the conditional associated constants between flavonoids and Cu2+.
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Sanna C, Scognamiglio M, Fiorentino A, Corona A, Graziani V, Caredda A, Cortis P, Montisci M, Ceresola ER, Canducci F, Poli F, Tramontano E, Esposito F. Prenylated phloroglucinols from Hypericum scruglii, an endemic species of Sardinia (Italy), as new dual HIV-1 inhibitors effective on HIV-1 replication. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195168. [PMID: 29601601 PMCID: PMC5877874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a search for new potential multitarget anti-HIV compounds from natural products, we have identified in Hypericum scruglii, an endemic and exclusive species of Sardinia (Italy), a potent plant lead. The phytochemical study of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from its leaves led to the isolation of its most abundant secondary metabolites, belonging to different chemical classes. In particular, three phloroglucinols derivatives were identified, confirming their significance as chemotaxonomic markers of the Hypericum genus. Among them, the 3-(13-hydroxygeranyl)-1-(2'-methylbutanoyl)phloroglucinol was reported here for the first time. All six isolated compounds have been evaluated firstly for the inhibition of both Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) Reverse Transcriptase (RT)-associated DNA Polymerase (RDDP) and Ribonuclease H (RNase H) activities, for the inhibition of HIV-1 integrase (IN) in biochemical assays, and also for their effect on viral replication. Among the isolated metabolites, three phloroglucinol derivatives and quercitrin were effective on both RT-associated RDDP and RNase H activities in biochemical assays. The same active compounds affected also HIV-1 IN strand transfer function, suggesting the involvement of the RNase H active site. Furthermore, phloroglucinols compounds, included the newly identified compound, were able to inhibit the HIV-1 replication in cell based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Antonio Fiorentino
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Corona
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vittoria Graziani
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Alessia Caredda
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Cortis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mariofilippo Montisci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Rita Ceresola
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Filippo Canducci
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Laboratory of Microbiology, San Raffaele Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Larit F, Elokely KM, Chaurasiya ND, Benyahia S, Nael MA, León F, Abu-Darwish MS, Efferth T, Wang YH, Belouahem-Abed D, Benayache S, Tekwani BL, Cutler SJ. Inhibition of human monoamine oxidase A and B by flavonoids isolated from two Algerian medicinal plants. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 40:27-36. [PMID: 29496172 PMCID: PMC5947877 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are outer mitochondrial membrane flavoenzymes. They catalyze the oxidative deamination of a variety of neurotransmitters. MAO-A and MAO-B may be considered as targets for inhibitors to treat neurodegenerative diseases and depression and for managing symptoms associated with Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. PURPOSE The objective was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Hypericum afrum and Cytisus villosus against MAO-A and B and to isolate the compounds responsible for the MAO-inhibitory activity. METHODS The inhibitory effect of extracts and purified constituents of H. afrum and C. villosus were investigated in vitro using recombinant human MAO-A and B, and through bioassay-guided fractionation of ethyl acetate fractions of areal parts of the two plants collected in northeastern Algeria. In addition, computational protein-ligand docking and molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to explain the MAO binding at the molecular level. RESULTS The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions of H. afrum and C. villosus showed the highest MAO inhibition activity against MAO A and B with IC50 values of 3.37 µg/ml and 13.50 µg/ml as well as 5.62 and 1.87 µg/ml, respectively. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc fractions resulted in the purification and identification of the known flavonoids quercetin, myricetin, genistein and chrysin as the principal MAO-inhibitory constituents. Their structures were established by extensive 1 and 2D NMR studies and mass spectrometry. Quercetin, myricetin and chrysin showed potent inhibitory activity towards MAO-A with IC50 values of 1.52, 9.93 and 0.25 µM, respectively, while genistein more efficiently inhibited MAO-B (IC50 value: 0.65 µM). The kinetics of the inhibition and the study of dialysis dissociation of the complex of quercetin and myricetin and the isoenzyme MAO-A showed competitive and mixed inhibition, respectively. Both compounds showed reversible binding. Molecular docking experiments and molecular dynamics simulations allowed to estimate the binding poses and to identify the most important residues involved in the selective recognition of molecules in the MAOs enzymatic clefts. CONCLUSION Quercetin and myricetin isolated from H. afrum together with genistein and chrysin isolated from C. villosus have been identified as potent MAO-A and -B inhibitors. H. afrum and C. villosus have properties indicative of potential neuroprotective ability and may be new candidates for selective MAO-A and B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Larit
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States; Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Route d'Aine El Bey 25000, Constantine, Algeria.
| | - Khaled M Elokely
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Narayan D Chaurasiya
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
| | - Samira Benyahia
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Modélisation et Optimisation des Procèdes (LOMOP), Université Badji Mokhtar, Faculté des Sciences, Département de Chimie, 23000 Annaba, Algeria
| | - Manal A Nael
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Francisco León
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
| | - Mohammad Sanad Abu-Darwish
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yan-Hong Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
| | - Djamila Belouahem-Abed
- Institut National De Recherche Forestière, Station de recherche d'El Kala (El Tarf). Algeria
| | - Samir Benayache
- Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physico-Chimique et Biologique (VARENBIOMOL), Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Route d'Aine El Bey 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
| | - Stephen J Cutler
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States
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Mazzei R, De Marco EV, Gallo O, Tagarelli G. Italian folk plant-based remedies to heal headache (XIX-XX century). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:417-433. [PMID: 28899648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Headache has been recognized since antiquity. From the late nineteenth to the early to mid-twentieth century, Italian folk remedies to treat headache were documented in a vast corpus of literature sources. AIM The purpose of this paper is to bring to light the plant-based treatments utilized by Italian folk medicine to heal headache in an attempt to discuss these remedies from a modern pharmacological point of view. Moreover, we compare the medical applications described by Hippocrates, Pliny the Elder, Dioscorides, Galen and Serenus Sammonicus with those utilized by Italian folk medicine to check if they result from a sort of continuity of use by over two thousand years. RESULTS A detailed search of the scientific data banks such as Medline and Scopus was undertaken to uncover recent results concerning the anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and analgesic activities of the plants. Fifty-eight (78.4%) plant-based remedies have shown in vivo, in vitro or in human trials a large spectrum of anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and analgesic activities. Moreover, thirty-one of remedies (41.9%) were already included in the pharmacopoeia between the 5th century BC and the 2nd century AD. CONCLUSION Italian folk medicine could be a promising source of knowledge and could provide evidences for active principles that have not as of yet been fully used for their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalucia Mazzei
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council, Via Cavour 4-6, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Elvira V De Marco
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, C.da Burga, 87050 Mangone (CS), Italy
| | - Olivier Gallo
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, C.da Burga, 87050 Mangone (CS), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tagarelli
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council, Via Cavour 4-6, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
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Anti-HIV Agents From Nature: Natural Compounds From Hypericum hircinum and Carbocyclic Nucleosides From Iridoids. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64058-1.00006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Murauski KJR, Walden DM, Cheong PHY, Scheidt KA. A Cooperative Ternary Catalysis System for Asymmetric Lactonizations of α-Ketoesters. Adv Synth Catal 2017; 359:3713-3719. [PMID: 30473657 PMCID: PMC6251415 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A general and enantioselective N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed lactonization of simple enals and α-ketoesters has been discovered using a new ternary cooperative catalytic system. The highly selective annulation was achieved by using a combination of a chiral NHC, a hydrogen-bond donor, and a metal salt, facilitating self-assembly of the reactive partners. A proposed model for this new mode of NHC chiral relay catalysis is supported by experimental and computational mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J. R. Murauski
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Daniel M. Walden
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis OR, 97331 (USA)
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis OR, 97331 (USA)
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston IL 60208 (USA)
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Mandrone M, Scognamiglio M, Fiorentino A, Sanna C, Cornioli L, Antognoni F, Bonvicini F, Poli F. Phytochemical profile and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Sardinian Hypericum scruglii and Hypericum hircinum. Fitoterapia 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Quercetin and related flavonoids conserve their antioxidant properties despite undergoing chemical or enzymatic oxidation. Food Chem 2017; 234:479-485. [PMID: 28551264 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of a phenolic group in quercetin is assumed to compromise its antioxidant properties. To address this assumption, the ROS-scavenging, Folin-Ciocalteau- and Fe-reducing capacities of quercetin and thirteen structurally related flavonoids were assessed and compared with those of mixtures of metabolites resulting from their chemical and enzymatic oxidation. Regardless of the oxidation mode, the metabolites mixtures largely conserved the antioxidant properties of the parent molecules. For quercetin, 95% of its ROS-scavenging and over 77% of its Folin-Ciocalteau- and Fe-reducing capacities were retained. The susceptibility of flavonoids to oxidative disappearance (monitored by HPLC-DAD) and that of the mixtures to retain their antioxidant capacity was favourably influenced by the presence of a catechol (ring-B) and enol (ring C) function. This is the first study to report that mixtures resulting from the oxidation of quercetin and its analogues largely conserve their antioxidant properties.
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Dual inhibitors of cholinesterases and monoamine oxidases for Alzheimer’s disease. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:811-832. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates a solid relationship between several enzymes and Alzheimer’s disease. Cholinesterases and monoamine oxidases are closely associated with the disease symptomatology and progression and have been tackled simultaneously using several multifunctional ligands. This design strategy offers great chances to alter the course of Alzheimer’s disease, in addition to alleviation of the symptoms. More than 15 years of research has led to the identification of various dual cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors, while some showing positive outcomes in clinical trials, thus giving rise to additional research efforts in the field. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the novel dual inhibitors identified recently and to shed light on their therapeutic potential.
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Mangiatordi GF, Alberga D, Pisani L, Gadaleta D, Trisciuzzi D, Farina R, Carotti A, Lattanzi G, Catto M, Nicolotti O. A rational approach to elucidate human monoamine oxidase molecular selectivity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 101:90-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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35
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M. Type A monoamine oxidase and serotonin are coordinately involved in depressive disorders: from neurotransmitter imbalance to impaired neurogenesis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:53-66. [PMID: 28293733 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Type A monoamine oxidase (MAOA) catabolizes monoamine transmitters, serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, and plays a major role in the onset, progression and therapy of neuropsychiatric disorders. In depressive disorders, increase in MAOA expression and decrease in brain levels of serotonin and norepinephrine are proposed as the major pathogenic factors. The functional polymorphism of MAOA gene and genes in serotonin signal pathway are associated with depression. This review presents recent advance in studies on the role of MAOA in major depressive disorder and related emotional disorders. MAOA and serotonin regulate the prenatal development and postnatal maintenance of brain architecture and neurocircuit, as shown by MAOA-deficient humans and MAO knockout animal models. Impaired neurogenesis in the mature hippocampus has been proposed as "adult neurogenesis" hypothesis of depression. MAOA modulates the sensitivity to stress in the stages of brain development and maturation, and the interaction of gene-environmental factors in the early stage regulates the onset of depressive behaviors in adulthood. Vice versa environmental factors affect MAOA expression by epigenetic regulation. MAO inhibitors not only restore compromised neurotransmitters, but also protect neurons from cell death in depression through induction of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and prosurvival neurotrophic factors, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the deficiency of which is detected in depression. This review discusses novel role of MAOA and serotonin in the pathogenesis and therapy of depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan.
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
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Carradori S, Gidaro MC, Petzer A, Costa G, Guglielmi P, Chimenti P, Alcaro S, Petzer JP. Inhibition of Human Monoamine Oxidase: Biological and Molecular Modeling Studies on Selected Natural Flavonoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:9004-9011. [PMID: 27933876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring flavonoids display a plethora of different biological activities, but emerging evidence suggests that this class of compounds may also act as antidepressant agents endowed with multiple mechanisms of action in the central nervous system, increasing central neurotransmission, limiting the reabsorption of bioamines by synaptosomes, and modulating the neuroendocrine and GABAA systems. Due to their presence in foods, food-derived products, and nutraceuticals, we established their role and structure-activity relationships as reversible and competitive human monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. In addition, molecular modeling studies, which evaluated their modes of MAO inhibition, are presented. These findings could provide pivotal implications in the quest of novel drug-like compounds and for the establishment of harmful drug-dietary supplement interactions commonly reported in the therapy with antidepressant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara , Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Gidaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anél Petzer
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University , Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome , P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Chimenti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome , P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jacobus P Petzer
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University , Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
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Jia WZ, Cheng F, Zhang YJ, Ge JY, Yao SQ, Zhu Q. Rapid synthesis of flavone-based monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors targeting two active sites using click chemistry. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 89:141-151. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhen Jia
- Institute of Bioengineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Zhejiang China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Institute of Bioengineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Zhejiang China
| | - Yin Jun Zhang
- Institute of Bioengineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Zhejiang China
| | - Jin Yan Ge
- Institute of Bioengineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Zhejiang China
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
| | - Qing Zhu
- Institute of Bioengineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Zhejiang China
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Validation of UHPLC–MS/MS methods for the determination of kaempferol and its metabolite 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, and application to in vitro blood-brain barrier and intestinal drug permeability studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 128:264-274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gidaro MC, Astorino C, Petzer A, Carradori S, Alcaro F, Costa G, Artese A, Rafele G, Russo FM, Petzer JP, Alcaro S. Kaempferol as Selective Human MAO-A Inhibitor: Analytical Detection in Calabrian Red Wines, Biological and Molecular Modeling Studies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1394-1400. [PMID: 26821152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b06043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to determine the kaempferol content in three red wines of Calabria, a southern Italian region with a great number of certified food products. Considering that wine cultivar, climate, and soil influence the qualitative and quantitative composition in flavonoids of Vitis vinifera L. berries, the three analyzed samples were taken from the 2013 vintage. Moreover, the Gaglioppo samples, with assigned Controlled Origin Denomination (DOC), were also investigated in the production of years 2008, 2010, and 2011. In addition to the analysis of kaempferol, which is present in higher concentration than in other Italian wines, in vitro assays were performed to evaluate, for the first time, the inhibition of the human monoamine oxidases (hMAO-A and hMAO-B). Molecular recognition studies were also carried out to provide insight into the binding mode of kaempferol and selectivity of inhibition of the hMAO-A isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta Gidaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Christian Astorino
- Dipartimento ARPACal di Crotone , via E. Fermi s.n.c., 88900 Crotone, Italy
| | - Anél Petzer
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-west University , Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara , Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Francesco M Russo
- Dipartimento ARPACal di Crotone , via E. Fermi s.n.c., 88900 Crotone, Italy
| | - Jacobus P Petzer
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-west University , Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Subakanman S, Murugan S, Devi PU. Evaluation of Antidepressant like Effects of Ethanolic Hypericum hookerianum and its Glycosidic Flavonoid Enriched Extract in Reserpine Induced Swiss Albino Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ajb.2016.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rani N, Velan LPT, Vijaykumar S, Arunachalam A. An insight into the potentially old-wonder molecule-quercetin: the perspectives in foresee. Chin J Integr Med 2015:10.1007/s11655-015-2073-x. [PMID: 26354747 PMCID: PMC7088573 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Use of phyto-medicine and digitalization of phyto-compounds has been fallen enthralling field of science in recent years. Quercetin, a flavonoid with brilliant citron yellow pigment, is typically found in fruits and leafy vegetables in reasonable amount. Quercetin's potentials as an antioxidant, immune-modulator, antiinflammatory, anti-cancer, and others have been the subject of interest in this review. Although, profiling the insights in to the molecular characterization of quercetin with various targets provided the loop-holes in understanding the knowledge for the aforementioned mechanisms, still necessitates research globally to unearth it completely. Thus, the available science on the synthesis and significant role played by the old molecule - quercetin which does wonders even now have been vividly explained in the present review to benefit the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Rani
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life science, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | | | - Saravanan Vijaykumar
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life science, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | - Annamalai Arunachalam
- Department of Botany, Sethupathy Government Arts and Science Collage, Alagappa University, Ramanathpuram, Tamil Nadu, 632502, India
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Zhao J, Liu W, Wang JC. Recent Advances Regarding Constituents and Bioactivities of Plants from the GenusHypericum. Chem Biodivers 2015; 12:309-49. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sabogal-Guáqueta AM, Muñoz-Manco JI, Ramírez-Pineda JR, Lamprea-Rodriguez M, Osorio E, Cardona-Gómez GP. The flavonoid quercetin ameliorates Alzheimer's disease pathology and protects cognitive and emotional function in aged triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease model mice. Neuropharmacology 2015; 93:134-45. [PMID: 25666032 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common senile dementia in the world. Although important progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of AD, current therapeutic approaches provide only modest symptomatic relief. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective effect of quercetin (25 mg/kg) administration via i.p. injection every 48 h for 3 months on aged (21-24 months old) triple transgenic AD model (3xTg-AD) mice. Our data show that quercetin decreases extracellular β-amyloidosis, tauopathy, astrogliosis and microgliosis in the hippocampus and the amygdala. These results were supported by a significant reduction in the paired helical filament (PHF), β-amyloid (βA) 1-40 and βA 1-42 levels and a decrease in BACE1-mediated cleavage of APP (into CTFβ). Additionally, quercetin induced improved performance on learning and spatial memory tasks and greater risk assessment behavior based on the elevated plus maze test. Together, these findings suggest that quercetin reverses histological hallmarks of AD and protects cognitive and emotional function in aged 3xTg-AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Maria Sabogal-Guáqueta
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Juan Ignacio Muñoz-Manco
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Jose R Ramírez-Pineda
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Group of Immunomodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Patricia Cardona-Gómez
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia.
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Monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity of 2-aryl-4H-chromen-4-ones. Bioorg Chem 2015; 58:72-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kawabata K, Mukai R, Ishisaka A. Quercetin and related polyphenols: new insights and implications for their bioactivity and bioavailability. Food Funct 2015; 6:1399-417. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The physiological functions and mechanisms of action of quercetin and its related polyphenols are highlighted, including their effects on brain, blood vessels, muscle, and intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuichi Kawabata
- Department of Bioscience
- Fukui Prefectural University
- Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1195
- Japan
| | - Rie Mukai
- Department of Food Science
- Institute of Health Biosciences
- The University of Tokushima Graduate School
- Tokushima 770-8503
- Japan
| | - Akari Ishisaka
- School of Human Science and Environment
- University of Hyogo
- Himeji 670-0092
- Japan
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Chaurasiya ND, Ibrahim MA, Muhammad I, Walker LA, Tekwani BL. Monoamine oxidase inhibitory constituents of propolis: kinetics and mechanism of inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A and MAO-B. Molecules 2014; 19:18936-52. [PMID: 25412041 PMCID: PMC6271006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is the resinous material that bees gather from leaf buds, flowers and vegetables. Propolis extracts contain constituents with a broad spectra of pharmacological properties and are important ingredients of popular dietary supplements. Propolis extracts were evaluated in vitro for inhibition of recombinant human monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and MAO-B. The dichloromethane extract of propolis showed potent inhibition of human MAO-A and MAO-B. Further fractionation identified the most active fractions as rich in flavonoids. Galangin and apigenin were identified as the principal MAO-inhibitory constituents. Inhibition of MAO-A by galangin was about 36 times more selective than MAO-B, while apigenin selectivity for MAO-A vs. MAO-B was about 1.7 fold. Apigenin inhibited MAO-B significantly more potently than galangin. Galangin and apigenin were further evaluated for kinetic characteristics and the mechanism for the enzymes’ inhibition. Binding of galangin and apigenin with MAO-A and -B was not time-dependent and was reversible, as suggested by enzyme-inhibitor binding and dissociation-dialysis assay. The inhibition kinetics studies suggested that galangin and apigenin inhibited MAO-A and -B by a competitive mechanism. Presence of prominent MAO inhibitory constituents in propolis products suggests their potential for eliciting pharmacological effects that might be useful in depression or other neurological disorders. The results may also have important implications in drug-dietary supplement interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan D Chaurasiya
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Mohamed A Ibrahim
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Ilias Muhammad
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Larry A Walker
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Jayaraj P, Mathew B, Parimaladevi B, Ramani VA, Govindarajan R. Isolation of a bioactive flavonoid from Spilanthes calva D.C. in vitro xanthine oxidase assay and in silico study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Cellular uptake of quercetin and luteolin and their effects on monoamine oxidase-A in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:639-649. [PMID: 28962277 PMCID: PMC5598286 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is the main enzyme in the metabolism of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine). Elevated activity of MAO-A in the brain may contribute to the pathogenesis of depressive disorders. Plant flavonoids, such as flavonol quercetin and flavone luteolin, have been suggested to be potential antidepressant compounds because they exert a suppressive effect on the MAO-A reaction. We evaluated the effects of these flavonoids on MAO-A activity and protein level using SH-SY5Y as model serotoninergic nerve cells. Quercetin and luteolin were incorporated into SH-SY5Y cells rapidly and converted to O-methylated derivatives. Luteolin accumulated in cells after 24-h incubation, whereas quercetin disappeared completely from cell fractions and culture medium. Addition of ascorbic acid prevented the disappearance of quercetin and allowed it to exert its cytotoxicity (similar to luteolin) at >10 μM. Luteolin and quercetin were incorporated into mitochondria fractions within 1-h incubation and attenuated MAO-A activity slightly but significantly. After 24-h incubation, luteolin attenuated MAO-A activity, but quercetin needed ascorbic acid for its attenuation. Neither luteolin nor quercetin significantly affected MAO-A protein level. These data suggest that luteolin and quercetin can be direct inhibitors of MAO-A in nerve cells by targeting mitochondria.
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Norhayati MN, George A, Hazlina NHN, Azidah AK, Idiana HI, Law KS, Bahari IS, Zahiruddin WMW, Liske E, Azreena A. Efficacy and safety of Labisia pumila var alata water extract among pre- and postmenopausal women. J Med Food 2014; 17:929-38. [PMID: 25000151 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of Labisia pumila var alata (L. pumila) water extract for improving quality of life, cardiovascular and hormonal balance. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, 16-week study in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women aged 40-60 years was conducted in Kelantan, Malaysia. The subjects were randomized to 400 mg propriety extract of L. pumila or placebo. A Women's Health Questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the data. A total of 197 subjects (L. pumila: n=102 and placebo: n=95) were analyzed. Subjects in the herbal group showed improved memory/concentration, vasomotor symptoms, menstrual symptoms, and sleep problems by 8.3%, 15.9%, 11.8%, and 31.0%, respectively. The greatest improvement was observed for the question: "I get frightened or panic feelings for apparently no reason at all" with a 53% decrease as compared with placebo. Improvements were also seen in the cardiovascular parameters, and the safety profiles were normal. Postmenopausal women supplemented with L. pumila showed no changes in gynecological relevant hormones luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and 17β-Estradiol. Water extract of L. pumila was shown to be safe and effective for improving several parameters of quality of life and cardiovascular risks factors (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]).
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Antiartherosclerotic effects of plant flavonoids. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:480258. [PMID: 24971331 PMCID: PMC4058282 DOI: 10.1155/2014/480258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the process of hardening and narrowing the arteries. Atherosclerosis is generally associated with cardiovascular diseases such as strokes, heart attacks, and peripheral vascular diseases. Since the usage of the synthetic drug, statins, leads to various side effects, the plants flavonoids with antiartherosclerotic activity gained much attention and were proven to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis in vitro and in vivo based on different animal models. The flavonoids compounds also exhibit lipid lowering effects and anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic properties. The future development of flavonoids-based drugs is believed to provide significant effects on atherosclerosis and its related diseases. This paper discusses the antiatherosclerotic effects of selected plant flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, rutin, naringenin, catechin, fisetin, and gossypetin.
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