1
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Guo Y, Wang N, Wang D, Luo S, Zhang H, Yu D, Wang L, Elfalleh W, Liao C. Preparation of vacuum-assisted conjugated linoleic acid phospholipids under nitrogen: Mechanism of acyl migration of lysophospholipids. Food Chem 2024; 436:137680. [PMID: 37832416 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Sn-Glycerol-3-phosphatidylcholine (GPC) was prepared by hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) catalyzed by phospholipase A1 (PLA1). Nitrogen flow assisted the esterification of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and GPC to produce conjugated linoleic acid lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC - CLA). The effects of different reaction conditions on the PC conversion and acyl migration rates were investigated, and the acyl migration mechanism under acidic and alkaline conditions was studied. In addition, the optimum conditions for the esterification of CLA and GPC were selected. The optimal condition for the hydrolysis of PC was an enzyme loading of 5 %, pH of 5, reaction temperature of 50 ℃, and reaction time of 3 h. The results also showed that the maximum esterification rate reached 82.37 % at an enzyme loading of 15 %, CLA/GPC molar ratio of 50:1, and vacuum pressure of 13.3 kPa. This study not only improved the bioavailability of PC but also effectively increased the content of LPC - CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Guo
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Donghua Wang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shunian Luo
- School of Food Science, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dianyu Yu
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Liqi Wang
- School of Food Science, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Walid Elfalleh
- Energy, Water, Environment and Process Laboratory, (LR18ES35), National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Zrig, 6072, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Changbao Liao
- Heilongjiang Red Star Group Food Co., LTD, Mudanjiang, 157000, China
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2
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Chinthapally K, Blagg BSJ, Ashfeld BL. Syntheses of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Lysobisphosphatidic Acid Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10523-10530. [PMID: 35895907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed significant achievements in the field of organic chemistry, which have led to new drugs and the discovery of new and biologically interesting molecules. Herein, we describe a practical and efficient approach to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure and diverse lysobisphosphatidic acid analogues. The key feature of the synthesis is a one-pot, sequential phosphorylation of a protected sn-2-O-oleoyl glycerol or sn-3-O-oleoyl glycerol with 2-cyanoethyl N,N-diisopropylchlorophosphoramidite, followed by oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Chinthapally
- Warren Family Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Warren Family Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brandon L Ashfeld
- Warren Family Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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3
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Wang T, Cheng J, Wang N, Zhang X, Jiang L, Yu D, Wang L. Study on the stability of intermediates in the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of phosphatidic acid by phospholipase A1. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Gruenberg J. Life in the lumen: The multivesicular endosome. Traffic 2021; 21:76-93. [PMID: 31854087 PMCID: PMC7004041 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The late endosomes/endo‐lysosomes of vertebrates contain an atypical phospholipid, lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) (also termed bis[monoacylglycero]phosphate [BMP]), which is not detected elsewhere in the cell. LBPA is abundant in the membrane system present in the lumen of this compartment, including intralumenal vesicles (ILVs). In this review, the current knowledge on LBPA and LBPA‐containing membranes will be summarized, and their role in the control of endosomal cholesterol will be outlined. Some speculations will also be made on how this system may be overwhelmed in the cholesterol storage disorder Niemann‐Pick C. Then, the roles of intralumenal membranes in endo‐lysosomal dynamics and functions will be discussed in broader terms. Likewise, the mechanisms that drive the biogenesis of intralumenal membranes, including ESCRTs, will also be discussed, as well as their diverse composition and fate, including degradation in lysosomes and secretion as exosomes. This review will also discuss how intralumenal membranes are hijacked by pathogenic agents during intoxication and infection, and what is the biochemical composition and function of the intra‐endosomal lumenal milieu. Finally, this review will allude to the size limitations imposed on intralumenal vesicle functions and speculate on the possible role of LBPA as calcium chelator in the acidic calcium stores of endo‐lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Gruenberg
- Biochemistry Department, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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5
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Luquain-Costaz C, Rabia M, Hullin-Matsuda F, Delton I. Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate, an important actor in the host endocytic machinery hijacked by SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses. Biochimie 2020; 179:247-256. [PMID: 33159981 PMCID: PMC7642752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Viruses, including the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, redirect infected cell metabolism to their own purposes. After binding to its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the cell surface, the SARS-CoV-2 is taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis ending in the acidic endolysosomal compartment. The virus hijacks the endosomal machinery leading to fusion of viral and endosomal membranes and release of the viral RNA into the cytosol. This mini-review specifically highlights the membrane lipid organization of the endosomal system focusing on the unconventional and late endosome/lysosome-specific phospholipid, bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP). BMP is enriched in alveolar macrophages of lung, one of the target tissue of SARS-CoV-2. This review details the BMP structure, its unsaturated fatty acid composition and fusogenic properties that are essential for the highly dynamic formation of the intraluminal vesicles inside the endosomes. Interestingly, BMP is necessary for infection and replication of enveloped RNA virus such as SARS-CoV-1 and Dengue virus. We also emphasize the role of BMP in lipid sorting and degradation, especially cholesterol transport in cooperation with Niemann Pick type C proteins (NPC 1 and 2) and with some oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related proteins (ORPs) as well as in sphingolipid degradation. Interestingly, numerous virus infection required NPC1 as well as ORPs along the endocytic pathway. Furthermore, BMP content is increased during pathological endosomal lipid accumulation in various lysosomal storage disorders. This is particularly important knowing the high percentage of patients with metabolic disorders among the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients presenting severe forms of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Luquain-Costaz
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAe U1397, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maxence Rabia
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAe U1397, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Isabelle Delton
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAe U1397, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
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6
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Struzik ZJ, Weerts AN, Storch J, Thompson DH. Stereospecific synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol using a cyanoethyl phosphoramidite precursor. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 231:104933. [PMID: 32533981 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylglycerols (PG) are a family of naturally occurring phospholipids that are responsible for critical operations within cells. PG are characterized by an (R) configuration in the diacyl glycerol backbone and an (S) configuration in the phosphoglycerol head group. Herein, we report a synthetic route to provide control over the PG stereocenters as well as control of the acyl chain identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Struzik
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Multi-disciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Ashley N Weerts
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Multi-disciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - David H Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Multi-disciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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7
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McCauliff LA, Langan A, Li R, Ilnytska O, Bose D, Waghalter M, Lai K, Kahn PC, Storch J. Intracellular cholesterol trafficking is dependent upon NPC2 interaction with lysobisphosphatidic acid. eLife 2019; 8:50832. [PMID: 31580258 PMCID: PMC6855803 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Unesterified cholesterol accumulation in the late endosomal/lysosomal (LE/LY) compartment is the cellular hallmark of Niemann-Pick C (NPC) disease, caused by defects in the genes encoding NPC1 or NPC2. We previously reported the dramatic stimulation of NPC2 cholesterol transport rates to and from model membranes by the LE/LY phospholipid lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA). It had been previously shown that enrichment of NPC1-deficient cells with LBPA results in cholesterol clearance. Here we demonstrate that LBPA enrichment in human NPC2-deficient cells, either directly or via its biosynthetic precursor phosphtidylglycerol (PG), is entirely ineffective, indicating an obligate functional interaction between NPC2 and LBPA in cholesterol trafficking. We further demonstrate that NPC2 interacts directly with LBPA and identify the NPC2 hydrophobic knob domain as the site of interaction. Together these studies reveal a heretofore unknown step of intracellular cholesterol trafficking which is critically dependent upon the interaction of LBPA with functional NPC2 protein. Cholesterol is a type of fat that is essential for many processes in the body, such as repairing damaged cells and producing certain hormones. Normally, cholesterol enters cells from the bloodstream and is then moved to the parts of the cell that need it via a process known as ‘trafficking’. When cholesterol trafficking goes wrong, abnormally large amounts of cholesterol and other fats accumulate within the cell. Over time, these fatty deposits become toxic to cells and eventually damage the affected tissues. Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is a severe genetic disorder affecting cholesterol trafficking. It is characterized by cholesterol build-up in multiple tissues, including the brain, which ultimately causes degeneration and death of nerve cells. Two proteins, NPC1 and NPC2, are involved in NPC disease. Both proteins normally help move cholesterol out of important trafficking compartments (known as the endosomal and lysosomal compartments) to other areas of the cell where it is needed. Patients with the disease can have mutations in either the gene for NPC1 or the gene for NPC2. This means that cells from NPC1 patients do not make enough functional NPC1 protein (but contain working NPC2), and vice versa. Previous studies had shown that giving cells with NPC1 mutations large amounts of the small molecule lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA for short) could compensate for the loss of NPC1, and stop the toxic build-up of cholesterol. McCauliff, Langan, Li et al. therefore wanted to explore exactly how LBPA was doing this. They had shown that LBPA dramatically increased the ability of purified NPC2 protein to transport cholesterol, and wondered if the effect of LBPA in the cells without NPC1 depended on NPC2. They predicted that boosting LBPA levels would not work in cells lacking NPC2. Biochemical experiments using purified protein showed that LBPA and NPC2 did indeed interact directly with each other. Systematically changing different building blocks of NPC2 revealed that a single region of the protein is sensitive to LBPA, and when this region was altered, LBPA could no longer interact with NPC2. Since LBPA is naturally produced by cells, they then stimulated cells grown in the laboratory to generate more LBPA using its precursor phosphatidylglycerol. They used cells from patients with mutations in either NPC1 or NPC2 and demonstrated that LBPA’s ability to reverse the accumulation of cholesterol was dependent on its interaction with NPC2. Thus, increasing LBPA levels in cells from patients with NPC1 mutations was beneficial, but had no effect on cells from patients with NPC2 mutations. These results shed new light not only on how cells transport cholesterol, but also on potential methods to combat disorders of cellular cholesterol trafficking. In the future, LBPA could be developed as a genetically tailored, patient-specific therapy for diseases like NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A McCauliff
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Annette Langan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Olga Ilnytska
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Debosreeta Bose
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Miriam Waghalter
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Kimberly Lai
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Peter C Kahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
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8
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Vacca F, Vossio S, Mercier V, Moreau D, Johnson S, Scott CC, Montoya JP, Moniatte M, Gruenberg J. Cyclodextrin triggers MCOLN1-dependent endo-lysosome secretion in Niemann-Pick type C cells. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:832-843. [PMID: 30709900 PMCID: PMC6446697 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m089979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In specialized cell types, lysosome-related organelles support regulated secretory pathways, whereas in nonspecialized cells, lysosomes can undergo fusion with the plasma membrane in response to a transient rise in cytosolic calcium. Recent evidence also indicates that lysosome secretion can be controlled transcriptionally and promote clearance in lysosome storage diseases. In addition, evidence is also accumulating that low concentrations of cyclodextrins reduce the cholesterol-storage phenotype in cells and animals with the cholesterol storage disease Niemann-Pick type C, via an unknown mechanism. Here, we report that cyclodextrin triggers the secretion of the endo/lysosomal content in nonspecialized cells and that this mechanism is responsible for the decreased cholesterol overload in Niemann-Pick type C cells. We also find that the secretion of the endo/lysosome content occurs via a mechanism dependent on the endosomal calcium channel mucolipin-1, as well as FYCO1, the AP1 adaptor, and its partner Gadkin. We conclude that endo-lysosomes in nonspecialized cells can acquire secretory functions elicited by cyclodextrin and that this pathway is responsible for the decrease in cholesterol storage in Niemann-Pick C cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Vacca
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Vossio
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Moreau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Shem Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Cameron C Scott
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Paz Montoya
- Proteomics Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Marc Moniatte
- Proteomics Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland.
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9
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Kalu N, Atsmon-Raz Y, Momben Abolfath S, Lucas L, Kenney C, Leppla SH, Tieleman DP, Nestorovich EM. Effect of late endosomal DOBMP lipid and traditional model lipids of electrophysiology on the anthrax toxin channel activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:2192-2203. [PMID: 30409515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Anthrax toxin action requires triggering of natural endocytic transport mechanisms whereby the binding component of the toxin forms channels (PA63) within endosomal limiting and intraluminal vesicle membranes to deliver the toxin's enzymatic components into the cytosol. Membrane lipid composition varies at different stages of anthrax toxin internalization, with intraluminal vesicle membranes containing ~70% of anionic bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate lipid. Using model bilayer measurements, we show that membrane lipids can have a strong effect on the anthrax toxin channel properties, including the channel-forming activity, voltage-gating, conductance, selectivity, and enzymatic factor binding. Interestingly, the highest PA63 insertion rate was observed in bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate membranes. The molecular dynamics simulation data show that the conformational properties of the channel are different in bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate compared to PC, PE, and PS lipids. The anthrax toxin protein/lipid bilayer system can be advanced as a novel robust model to directly investigate lipid influence on membrane protein properties and protein/protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnanya Kalu
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington 20064, DC, USA
| | - Yoav Atsmon-Raz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Simulation, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Sanaz Momben Abolfath
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington 20064, DC, USA
| | - Laura Lucas
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington 20064, DC, USA
| | - Clare Kenney
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington 20064, DC, USA
| | - Stephen H Leppla
- Microbial Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA
| | - D Peter Tieleman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Simulation, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ekaterina M Nestorovich
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington 20064, DC, USA.
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10
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Vosse C, Wienken C, Cadenas C, Hayen H. Separation and identification of phospholipids by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to tandem high resolution mass spectrometry with focus on isomeric phosphatidylglycerol and bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1565:105-113. [PMID: 29983166 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Changes in lipid composition of cells or tissue are often linked to various diseases. Studies indicate alterations of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) species in diseases such as cancer. Therefore, an extended phospholipid profiling method based on hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and data-dependent MS/MS acquisition was developed to separate and unambiguously identify BMP species. Lipid species identification was based on retention time, accurate mass and specific MS/MS fragments. The developed method was applied in a proof of concept study to lipid extracts of a cell culture model of conditional oncogene overexpression in MCF-7/NeuT breast cancer cells. Comparison of control and oncogene-induced MCF-7/NeuT breast cancer cells showed changes in BMP species distribution. Thereby, a shift from long-chain to shorter-chain fatty acid composition in BMP species was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vosse
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Carina Wienken
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cristina Cadenas
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Ardeystr. 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Heiko Hayen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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11
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Yamamoto Y, Itoh T, Yamamoto K. A study of synthetic approaches to 2-acyl DHA lysophosphatidic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:8186-8192. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01771e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A salt formation suppresses acyl migration of DHA lysophosphatidic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
- Showa Pharmaceutical University
- Machida
- Japan
| | - Toshimasa Itoh
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
- Showa Pharmaceutical University
- Machida
- Japan
| | - Keiko Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
- Showa Pharmaceutical University
- Machida
- Japan
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12
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Baptist M, Panagabko C, Nickels JD, Katsaras J, Atkinson J. 2,2′‐Bis(monoacylglycero) PO
4
(BMP), but Not 3,1′‐BMP, Increases Membrane Curvature Stress to Enhance α‐Tocopherol Transfer Protein Binding to Membranes. Lipids 2015; 50:323-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-015-3989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Baptist
- Chemistry and Centre for BiotechnologyBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesCanada
| | - Candace Panagabko
- Chemistry and Centre for BiotechnologyBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesCanada
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Atkinson
- Chemistry and Centre for BiotechnologyBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesCanada
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13
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Hullin-Matsuda F, Taguchi T, Greimel P, Kobayashi T. Lipid compartmentalization in the endosome system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 31:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Intracellular organelles, including endosomes, show differences not only in protein but also in lipid composition. It is becoming clear from the work of many laboratories that the mechanisms necessary to achieve such lipid segregation can operate at very different levels, including the membrane biophysical properties, the interactions with other lipids and proteins, and the turnover rates or distribution of metabolic enzymes. In turn, lipids can directly influence the organelle membrane properties by changing biophysical parameters and by recruiting partner effector proteins involved in protein sorting and membrane dynamics. In this review, we will discuss how lipids are sorted in endosomal membranes and how they impact on endosome functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Bissig
- Biochemistry Department, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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15
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Tan HH, Makino A, Sudesh K, Greimel P, Kobayashi T. Spectroscopic Evidence for the Unusual Stereochemical Configuration of an Endosome-Specific Lipid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Tan HH, Makino A, Sudesh K, Greimel P, Kobayashi T. Spectroscopic Evidence for the Unusual Stereochemical Configuration of an Endosome-Specific Lipid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:533-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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Biological Function of the Cellular Lipid BMP—BMP as a Key Activator for Cholesterol Sorting and Membrane Digestion. Neurochem Res 2010; 36:1594-600. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Goursot A, Mineva T, Bissig C, Gruenberg J, Salahub DR. Structure, dynamics, and energetics of lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) isomers. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:15712-20. [PMID: 21053942 DOI: 10.1021/jp108361d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), or bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate, is a very interesting lipid, that is mainly found in late endosomes. It has several intriguing characteristics, which differ from those of other animal glycerophospholipids, that may be related to its specific functions, particularly in the metabolism of cholesterol. Its phosphodiester group is bonded at the sn-1 (sn-1') positions of the glycerols rather than at sn-3 (sn-3'); the position of the two fatty acid chains is still under debate but, increasingly, arguments favor the sn-2, sn-2' position in the native molecule, whereas isolation procedures or acidic conditions lead to the thermodynamically more stable sn-3, sn-3' structure. Because of these peculiar features, it can be expected that LBPA shape and interactions with membrane lipids and proteins are related to its structure at the molecular level. We applied quantum mechanical methods to study the structures and stabilities of the 2,2' and 3,3' LBPA isomers, using a step-by-step procedure from glycerol to precursors (in vitro syntheses) and to the final isoforms. The structures of the two positional LBPA isomers are substantially different, showing that the binding positions of the fatty acid chains on the glycerol backbone determine the shape of the LBPA molecule and thus, possibly, its functions. The 3,3' LBPA structures obtained are more stable with respect to the 2,2' form, as expected from experiment. If one argues that the in vivo synthesis starts from the present glycerol conformers and considering the most stable bis(glycero)phosphate structures, the 2,2' isoform should be the most probable isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goursot
- UMR 5253 CNRS/ENSCM/UM2/UM1 Ecole de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
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Best MD, Zhang H, Prestwich GD. Inositol polyphosphates, diphosphoinositol polyphosphates and phosphatidylinositol polyphosphate lipids: Structure, synthesis, and development of probes for studying biological activity. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:1403-30. [DOI: 10.1039/b923844c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Hullin-Matsuda F, Luquain-Costaz C, Bouvier J, Delton-Vandenbroucke I. Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate, a peculiar phospholipid to control the fate of cholesterol: Implications in pathology. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2009; 81:313-24. [PMID: 19857945 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2009.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) is a structural isomer of phosphatidylglycerol that exhibits an unusual sn1:sn1' stereoconfiguration, based on the position of the phosphate moiety on its two glycerol units. Early works have underlined the high concentration of BMP in the lysosomal compartment, especially during some lysosomal storage disorders and drug-induced phospholipidosis. Despite numerous studies, both biosynthetic and degradative pathways of BMP remained not completely elucidated. More recently, BMP has been localized in the internal membranes of late endosomes where it forms specialized lipid domains. Its involvement in both dynamics and lipid/protein sorting functions of late endosomes has started to be documented, especially in the control of cellular cholesterol distribution. BMP also plays an important role in the late endosomal/lysosomal degradative pathway. Another peculiarity of BMP is to be naturally enriched in docosahexaenoic acid and/or to specifically incorporate this fatty acid compared to other polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may confer specific biophysical and functional properties to this phospholipid. This review summarizes and updates our knowledge on BMP with an emphasis on its possible implication in human health and diseases, especially in relation to cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hullin-Matsuda
- Université de Lyon, UMR 870 Inserm, Insa-Lyon, UMR 1135 Inra, Univ Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, IMBL, 20 Ave A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
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Rowland MM, Best MD. Modular synthesis of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate for convenient access to analogues bearing hydrocarbon and perdeuterated acyl chains of varying length. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Chevallier J, Chamoun Z, Jiang G, Prestwich G, Sakai N, Matile S, Parton RG, Gruenberg J. Lysobisphosphatidic acid controls endosomal cholesterol levels. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:27871-27880. [PMID: 18644787 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m801463200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cell types acquire cholesterol by endocytosis of circulating low density lipoprotein, but little is known about the mechanisms of intra-endosomal cholesterol transport and about the primary cause of its aberrant accumulation in the cholesterol storage disorder Niemann-Pick type C (NPC). Here we report that lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), an unconventional phospholipid that is only detected in late endosomes, regulates endosomal cholesterol levels under the control of Alix/AlP1, which is an LBPA-interacting protein involved in sorting into multivesicular endosomes. We find that Alix down-expression decreases both LBPA levels and the lumenal vesicle content of late endosomes. Cellular cholesterol levels are also decreased, presumably because the storage capacity of endosomes is affected and thus cholesterol clearance accelerated. Both lumenal membranes and cholesterol can be restored in Alix knockdown cells by exogenously added LBPA. Conversely, we also find that LBPA becomes limiting upon pathological cholesterol accumulation in NPC cells, because the addition of exogenous LBPA, but not of LBPA isoforms or analogues, partially reverts the NPC phenotype. We conclude that LBPA controls the cholesterol capacity of endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Chevallier
- Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Zeina Chamoun
- Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Guowei Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257
| | - Glenn Prestwich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Retra K, Bleijerveld OB, van Gestel RA, Tielens AGM, van Hellemond JJ, Brouwers JF. A simple and universal method for the separation and identification of phospholipid molecular species. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:1853-62. [PMID: 18470873 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in lipidomics is to obtain as much information about the lipidome as possible. Here, we present a simple yet universal high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) method to separate molecular species of all phospholipid classes in one single run. The method is sensitive, robust and allows lipid profiling using full scan mass spectrometry, as well as lipid class specific scanning in positive and negative ionisation mode. This allows high-throughput processing of samples for lipidomics, even if different types of MS analysis are required. Excellent separation of isobaric and even isomeric species is achieved, and original levels of lyso-lipids can be determined without interference from lyso-lipids formed from diacyl species by source fragmentation. As examples of application of this method, more than 400 phospholipid species were identified and quantified in crude phospholipid extracts from rat liver and the parasitic helminth Schistosoma mansoni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Retra
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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D'Arrigo P, Fasoli E, Pedrocchi-Fantoni G, Rossi C, Saraceno C, Tessaro D, Servi S. A practical selective synthesis of mixed short/long chains glycerophosphocholines. Chem Phys Lipids 2007; 147:113-8. [PMID: 17499652 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2007.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Revised: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC) is transformed into the cyclic stannylene derivatives, which are selectively acylated to 1-acyl-2-lyso-glycerophosphocholines. The reaction is effective using C-2 to C-16 acid chlorides in 2-propanol. After solvent replacement the lyso-phospholipid (lyso-PL) is subjected to a second acylation using acid anhydrides in methylene chloride. A series of 1(2)-short-2(1)-long-diacyl-glycerophosphocholines are obtained in high yields and selectivity. No diacylation product was detected. In order to detect mixed-chain lipids with inverted disposition of acyl chains, the long chain was introduced first and the thus resulting isomeric compounds compared by NMR. An NMR method was developed in order to determine the positional purity of the isomeric compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola D'Arrigo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica G. Natta, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy. paola.d'
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Hayakawa T, Makino A, Murate M, Sugimoto I, Hashimoto Y, Takahashi H, Ito K, Fujisawa T, Matsuo H, Kobayashi T. pH-dependent formation of membranous cytoplasmic body-like structure of ganglioside G(M1)/bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate mixed membranes. Biophys J 2006; 92:L13-6. [PMID: 17056735 PMCID: PMC1697849 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.106.098657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane structures of the mixtures of ganglioside G(M1) and endosome specific lipid, bis (monoacylglycero) phosphate (BMP, also known as lysobisphosphatidic acid) were examined at various pH conditions by freeze-fracture electron microscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering. At pH 8.5-6.5, a G(M1)/BMP (1:1 mol/mol) mixture formed small vesicular aggregates, whereas the mixture formed closely packed lamellar structures under acidic conditions (pH 5.5, 4.6) with the lamellar repeat distance of 8.06 nm. Since BMP alone exhibits a diffuse lamellar structure at a broad range of pH values and G(M1) forms a micelle, the results indicate that both G(M1) and BMP are required to produce closely stacked multilamellar vesicles. These vesicles resemble membranous cytoplasmic bodies in cells derived from patients suffering from G(M1) gangliosidosis. Similar to G(M1) gangliosidosis, cholesterol was trapped in BMP vesicles in G(M1)- and in a low pH-dependent manner. Studies employing different gangliosides and a G(M1) analog suggest the importance of sugar chains and a sialic acid of G(M1) in the pH-dependent structural change of G(M1)/BMP membranes.
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Jiang G, Xu Y, Falguières T, Gruenberg J, Prestwich GD. Concise synthesis of ether analogues of lysobisphosphatidic acid. Org Lett 2006; 7:3837-40. [PMID: 16119911 PMCID: PMC2535798 DOI: 10.1021/ol051194w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a versatile, efficient method for the preparation of ether analogues of (S,S)-lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) and its enantiomer from (S)-solketal. Phosphorylation of a protected sn-2-O-octadecenyl glyceryl ether with 2-cyanoethyl bis-N,N-diisopropylamino phosphine and subsequent deprotection generated the bisether LBPA analogues. By simply changing the sequence of deprotection steps, we obtained the (R,R)- and (S,S)-enantiomers of 2,2'-bisether LBPA. An ELISA assay with anti-LBPA monoclonal antibodies showed that the bisether LBPAs were recognized with the same affinity as the natural 2,2'-bisoleolyl LBPA. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257
| | - Thomas Falguières
- Department of Biochemistry, Sciences II, 30 quai E. Ansermet, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Sciences II, 30 quai E. Ansermet, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Glenn D. Prestwich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257
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Hayakawa T, Hirano Y, Makino A, Michaud S, Lagarde M, Pageaux JF, Doutheau A, Ito K, Fujisawa T, Takahashi H, Kobayashi T. Differential Membrane Packing of Stereoisomers of Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. Biochemistry 2006; 45:9198-209. [PMID: 16866366 DOI: 10.1021/bi060722o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) reveals an unusual sn-1,sn-1' stereoconfiguration of glycerophosphate. We synthesized sn-(3-myristoyl-2-hydroxy)glycerol-1-phospho-sn-1'-(3'-myristoyl-2'-hydroxy)glycerol (1,1'-DMBMP) and characterized the thermotropic phase behavior and membrane structure, in comparison with those of the corresponding sn-3:sn-1' stereoisomer (3,1'-DMBMP), by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS, respectively), pressure-area (pi-A) isotherms, epifluorescence microscopy of monolayers, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In DSC, these lipids exhibited weakly energetic broad peaks with an onset temperature of 9 degrees C for 1,1'-DMBMP and 18 degrees C for 3,1'-DMBMP. In addition, a highly cooperative, strongly energetic transition peak was observed at approximately 40 degrees C for 1,1'-DMBMP and approximately 42 degrees C for 3,1'-DMBMP. These results are supported by the observation that 1,1'-DMBMP exhibited a larger phase transition pressure (pi(c)) than 3,1'-DMBMP. Small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements identified these small and large energetic transitions as a quasi-crystalline (L(c1))-quasi-crystalline with different tilt angle (L(c2)) phase transition and an L(c2)-L(alpha) main phase transition, respectively. X-ray measurements also revealed that these DMBMPs undergo an unbinding at the main phase transition temperature. The MD simulations estimated stronger hydrogen bonding formation in the 3,1'-DMBMP membrane than in 1,1'-DMBMP, supporting the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hayakawa
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Ali SM, Ahmad MU, Koslosky P, Kasireddy K, Murali Krishna U, Ahmad I. Synthesis of short and long chain cardiolipins. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rosseto R, Bibak N, Hajdu J. A new approach to phospholipid synthesis using tetrahydropyranyl glycerol: rapid access to phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylcholine, including mixed-chain glycerophospholipid derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:2358-60. [PMID: 16763679 DOI: 10.1039/b603788g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new synthesis of phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylcholine is reported, relying on the preparation of 3-tetrahydropyranyl-sn-glycerol as the key intermediate for sequential introduction of the primary and secondary acyl functions to produce chiral diglycerides that are phosphorylated to obtain the target phospholipid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Rosseto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Northridge, 91330-8262, USA
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Jiang G, Xu Y, Prestwich GD. Practical Enantiospecific Syntheses of Lysobisphosphatidic Acid and Its Analogues. J Org Chem 2006; 71:934-9. [PMID: 16438504 DOI: 10.1021/jo051894e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a versatile, efficient, and practical method for the preparation of enantiomerically pure lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), bisether analogues, and phosphorothioate analogues of LBPA from solketal. Phosphorylation of a protected sn-2-O-oleoyl glycerol with 2-cyanoethyl bis(N,N-diisopropylamino)phosphite, followed by oxidation and deprotection, generated the enantiomers of 2,2'-LBPA. The corresponding phosphorothioate analogues were obtained by oxidation with sulfur. The (R,R) and (S,S) enantiomers of both LBPA and phosphorothioate LBPA were synthesized from (S)- and (R)-solketal, respectively. The ether analogue of (S,S)-lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) and its enantiomer were synthesized from the same enantiomer (S)-solketal by simply changing the sequence of deprotection steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1257, USA
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New metabolically stabilized analogues of lysophosphatidic acid: agonists, antagonists and enzyme inhibitors. Biochem Soc Trans 2005; 33:1357-61. [PMID: 16246118 DOI: 10.1042/bst0331357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a metabolically labile natural phospholipid with a bewildering array of physiological effects. We describe herein a variety of long-lived receptor-specific agonists and antagonists for LPA receptors. Several LPA and PA (phosphatidic acid) analogues also inhibit LPP (lipid phosphate phosphatase). The sn-1 or sn-2 hydroxy groups have been replaced by fluorine, difluoromethyl, difluoroethyl, O-methyl or O-hydroxyethoxy groups to give non-migrating LPA analogues that resist acyltransferases. Alkyl ether replacement of acyl esters produced lipase and acyltransferase-resistant analogues. Replacement of the bridging oxygen in the monophosphate by an alpha-monofluoromethylene-, alpha-bromomethylene- or alpha,alpha-difluoromethylenephosphonate gave phosphatase-resistant analogues. Phosphorothioate analogues with O-acyl and O-alkyl chains are potent, long-lived agonists for LPA1 and LPA3 receptors. Most recently, we have (i) prepared stabilized O-alkyl analogues of lysobisphosphatidic acid, (ii) explored the structure-activity relationship of stabilized cyclic LPA analogues and (iii) synthesized neutral head group trifluoromethylsulphonamide analogues of LPA. Through collaborative studies, we have collected data for these stabilized analogues as selective LPA receptor (ant)agonists, LPP inhibitors, TREK (transmembrane calcium channel) K+ channel agonists, activators of the nuclear transcription factor PPAR-gamma (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma), promoters of cell motility and survival, and radioprotectants for human B-cells.
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Xu Y, Aoki J, Shimizu K, Umezu-Goto M, Hama K, Takanezawa Y, Yu S, Mills GB, Arai H, Qian L, Prestwich GD. Structure-activity relationships of fluorinated lysophosphatidic acid analogues. J Med Chem 2005; 48:3319-27. [PMID: 15857137 DOI: 10.1021/jm049186t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, 1- or 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate) displays an intriguing cell biology that is mediated via interactions with seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and the nuclear hormone receptor PPARgamma. To identify receptor-selective LPA analogues, we describe a series of fluorinated LPA analogues in which either the sn-1 or sn-2 hydroxyl group was replaced by a fluoro or fluoromethyl substituent. We also describe stabilized phosphonate analogues in which the bridging oxygen of the monophosphate was replaced by an alpha-monofluoromethylene (-CHF-) or alpha-difluoromethylene (-CF(2)-) moiety. The sn-2- and sn-1-fluoro-LPA analogues were unable to undergo acyl migration, effectively "freezing" them in the sn-1-O-acyl or sn-2-O-acyl forms, respectively. We first tested these LPA analogues on insect Sf9 cells induced to express human LPA(1), LPA(2), and LPA(3) receptors. While none of the analogues were found to be more potent than 1-oleoyl-LPA at LPA(1) and LPA(2), several LPA analogues were potent LPA(3)-selective agonists. In contrast, 1-oleoyl-LPA had similar activity at all three receptors. The alpha-fluoromethylene phosphonate analogue 15 activated calcium release in LPA(3)-transfected insect Sf9 cells at a concentration 100-fold lower than that of 1-oleoyl-LPA. This activation was enantioselective, with the (2S)-enantiomer showing 1000-fold more activity than the (2R)-enantiomer. Similar results were found for calcium release in HT-29 and OVCAR8 cells. Analogue 15 was also more effective than 1-oleoyl-LPA in activating MAPK and AKT in cells expressing high levels of LPA(3). The alpha-fluoromethylene phosphonate moiety greatly increased the half-life of 15 in cell culture. Thus, alpha-fluoromethylene LPA analogues are unique new phosphatase-resistant ligands that provide enantiospecific and receptor-specific biological readouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and The Center for Cell Signaling, The University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257, USA
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A rapid and efficient method for migration-free acylation of lysophospholipids: synthesis of phosphatidylcholines with sn-2-chain-terminal reporter groups. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.02.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Rosseto R, Bibak N, Hajdu J. A new approach to the synthesis of lysophospholipids: preparation of lysophosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine from p-nitrophenyl glycerate. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Qian L, Xu Y, Arai H, Aoki J, McIntyre TM, Prestwich GD. Synthesis of migration-resistant hydroxyethoxy analogues of lysophosphatidic acid. Org Lett 2004; 5:4685-8. [PMID: 14627415 DOI: 10.1021/ol0358758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The susceptibility of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) to intramolecular acyl migration impedes the determination of specific receptor activation by the sn-1 and sn-2 LPA regioisomers. An efficient enantioselective synthesis of hydroxyethoxy (HE)-substituted analogues of sn-1-acyl and 2-acyl LPA derivatives that possess palmitoyl and oleoyl chains is described. While the palmitoyl derivatives fail to activate calcium release in cells transfected with LPA(2) or LPA(3) G-protein-coupled receptors, the LPA(3) receptor is activated by both 1-HE and 2-HE oleoyl LPA analogues with a potency 10-fold lower than that of the parent oleoyl LPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Qian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257, USA
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36
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Matsuo H, Chevallier J, Mayran N, Le Blanc I, Ferguson C, Fauré J, Blanc NS, Matile S, Dubochet J, Sadoul R, Parton RG, Vilbois F, Gruenberg J. Role of LBPA and Alix in Multivesicular Liposome Formation and Endosome Organization. Science 2004; 303:531-4. [PMID: 14739459 DOI: 10.1126/science.1092425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 540] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
What are the components that control the assembly of subcellular organelles in eukaryotic cells? Although membranes can clearly be distorted by cytosolic factors, very little is known about the intrinsic mechanisms that control the biogenesis, shape, and organization of organellar membranes. Here, we found that the unconventional phospholipid lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) could induce the formation of multivesicular liposomes that resembled the multivesicular endosomes that exist where this lipid is found in vivo. This process depended on the same pH gradient that exists across endosome membranes in vivo and was selectively controlled by Alix. In turn, Alix regulated the organization of LBPA-containing endosomes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotami Matsuo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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37
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Xu Y, Qian L, Prestwich GD. Synthesis of monofluorinated analogues of lysophosphatidic acid. J Org Chem 2003; 68:5320-30. [PMID: 12816494 DOI: 10.1021/jo020729l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, 1- or 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate) displays an intriguing cell biology that is mediated via interactions both with G-protein coupled seven transmembrane receptors and with the nuclear hormone receptor PPARgamma. Synthesis and biological activities of fluorinated analogues of LPA are still relatively unknown. In an effort to identify receptor-selective LPA analogues and to document in detail the structure-activity relationships of fluorinated LPA isosteres, we describe a series of monofluorinated LPA analogues in which either the sn-1 or the sn-2 hydroxy group was replaced by fluorine, or the bridging oxygen in the monophosphate was replaced by an alpha-monofluoromethylene (-CHF-) moiety. The sn-1 or sn-2 monofluorinated LPA analogues were enantiospecifically prepared from chiral protected glycerol synthons, and the alpha-monofluoromethylene-substituted LPA analogues were prepared from a racemic epoxide with use of a hydrolytic kinetic resolution. The sn-2 and sn-1 fluoro LPA analogues were unable to undergo acyl migration, effectively "freezing" them in the sn-1-O-acyl or sn-2-O-acyl forms, respectively. The alpha-monofluoromethylene LPA analogues were unique new nonhydrolyzable ligands with surprising enantiospecific and receptor-specific biological readouts, with one compound showing a 1000-fold higher activity than native LPA for one receptor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and The Center for Cell Signaling, The University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257, USA
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Ito M, Tchoua U, Okamoto M, Tojo H. Purification and properties of a phospholipase A2/lipase preferring phosphatidic acid, bis(monoacylglycerol) phosphate, and monoacylglycerol from rat testis. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:43674-81. [PMID: 12223468 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m202817200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) was purified to homogeneity from the supernatant fraction of rat testis homogenate. The purified 63-kDa enzyme did not require Ca(2+) ions for activity and exhibited both phosphatidic acid-preferring PLA(2) and monoacylglycerol lipase activities with a modest specificity toward unsaturated acyl chains. Anionic detergents enhanced these activities. Serine-modifying irreversible inhibitors, (p-amidinophenyl) methanesulfonyl fluoride and methylarachidonyl fluorophosphonate, inhibited both activities to a similar extent, indicating a single active site is involved in PLA(2) and lipase activities. The sequence of NH(2)-terminal 12 amino acids of purified enzyme was identical to that of a carboxylesterase from rat liver. The optimal pH for PLA(2) activity (around 5.5) differed from that for lipase activity (around 8.0). At pH 5.5 the enzyme also hydrolyzed bis(monoacylglycerol) phosphate, or lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), that has been hitherto known as a secretory PLA(2)-resistant phospholipid and a late endosome marker. LBPA-enriched fractions were prepared from liver lysosome fractions of chloroquine-treated rats, treated with excess of pancreatic PLA(2), and then used for assaying LBPA-hydrolyzing activity. LBPA and the reaction products were identified by microbore normal phase high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry. These enzymatic properties suggest that the enzyme can metabolize phosphatidic and lysobisphosphatidic acids in cellular acidic compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Ito
- Department of Molecular Physiological Chemistry (H-1), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan
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Xu Y, Prestwich GD. Concise synthesis of acyl migration-blocked 1,1-difluorinated analogues of lysophosphatidic acid. J Org Chem 2002; 67:7158-61. [PMID: 12354017 DOI: 10.1021/jo0203037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, 1- or 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate) is an important phospholipid mediator produced by activated platelets and by ovarian cancer cells. Efforts to understand LPA signaling through G-protein-coupled receptors are hampered by the facile acyl migration that results in equilibration to a mixture of the 1- or 2-acyl species under physiological conditions. We describe a new and efficient route to enantiomerically homogeneous lysophospholipid analogues from D-mannitol 1,2:5,6-bis-acetonide to give two 1,1-difluorodeoxy analogues of (2R)-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate. These compounds are migration-blocked analogues of the labile sn-2 LPA species. The (19)F NMR of diastereotopic fluorines of the difluoromethyl group shows an unexpected solvent dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Cell Signaling, The University of Utah, 419 Wakara Way, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1257, USA.
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Kobayashi T, Beuchat MH, Chevallier J, Makino A, Mayran N, Escola JM, Lebrand C, Cosson P, Kobayashi T, Gruenberg J. Separation and characterization of late endosomal membrane domains. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:32157-64. [PMID: 12065580 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m202838200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about the biophysical properties and the lipid or protein composition of membrane domains presumably present in endocytic and biosynthetic organelles. Here we analyzed the membrane composition of late endosomes by suborganellar fractionation in the absence of detergent. We found that the internal membranes of this multivesicular organelle can be separated from the limiting membrane and that each membrane population exhibited a defined composition. Our data also indicated that internal membranes may consist of at least two populations, containing primarily phosphatidylcholine or lysobisphosphatidic acid as major phospholipid, arguing for the existence of significant microheterogeneity within late endosomal membranes. We also found that lysobisphosphatidic acid exhibited unique pH-dependent fusogenic properties, and we speculated that this lipid is an ideal candidate to regulate the dynamic properties of this internal membrane mosaic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihide Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sciences II, University of Geneva, 30 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
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Abstract
Whereas endosomes connect with both exocytic and endocytic organelle via extensive lipid and protein traffic, each endosome has a distinct lipid and protein composition. Recent observations suggest that different lipid membrane domains exist even in the same endosome. These lipid domains, together with low pH milieu, may present a variety of micro-environments to cargo molecules. Evidence is accumulating which suggests that the alteration of these lipid microdomains may be involved in a number of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kobayashi
- Supra-Biomolecular System Research Group, RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Frontier Research System, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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