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Satheesh S, El-Sherbiny MM. Toxicity assays and in silico approach to assess the impacts of chlorine dioxide on survival, respiration and some biochemical markers of marine zooplankton. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 197:106469. [PMID: 38531260 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Chlorination is the common antifouling method in desalination and power plant water intake structures to control microbial and macrofouling growth. In this study, the impacts of chlorine dioxide on toxicity, metabolic activity and biochemical markers like glutathione S-transferase and catalase enzyme activity were tested using four zooplankton species (Centropages sp., Acartia sp., Oncaea sp., and Calanus sp.) collected from the Red Sea. The zooplankton species were treated with different concentrations (0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 mg L-1) of chlorine dioxide. Further, chlorite, the main decomposition product of chlorine dioxide, was used for molecular docking studies against glutathione S-transferase and catalase enzymes. The results indicated the LC50 range of 0.552-1.643 mg L-1 for the studied zooplankton species. The respiration rate of the zooplankton increased due to the chlorine dioxide treatment with a maximum of 0.562 μg O2 copepod h-1 in Acartia. The glutathione S-transferase and catalase enzyme activities showed elevated values in zooplankton treated with chlorine dioxide. Molecular docking of chlorite with enzymes involved in antioxidant defense activity, such as glutathione S-transferase and catalase enzyme showed weak interactions. Overall, this study yielded significant insights for understanding the effects of chlorine dioxide on the survival, metabolism, and biochemical composition of marine zooplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Satheesh
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M M El-Sherbiny
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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2
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Nayak SK, Yamijala SSRKC. Computing accurate bond dissociation energies of emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Achieving chemical accuracy using connectivity-based hierarchy schemes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133804. [PMID: 38377911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) helps in devising their efficient degradation pathways. However, there is only limited experimental data on the PFAS BDEs, and there are uncertainties associated with the BDEs computed using density functional theory. Although quantum chemical methods like the G4 composite method can provide highly accurate BDEs (< 1 kcal mol-1), they are limited to small system sizes. To address DFT's accuracy limitations and G4's system size constraints, we examined the connectivity-based hierarchy (CBH) scheme and found that it can provide BDEs that are reasonably close to the G4 accuracy while retaining the computational efficiency of DFT. To further improve the accuracy, we modified the CBH scheme and demonstrated that BDEs calculated using it have a mean-absolute deviation of 0.7 kcal mol-1 from G4 BDEs. To validate the reliability of this new scheme, we computed the ground state free energies of seven PFAS compounds and BDEs for 44 C-C and C-F bonds at the G4 level of theory. Our results suggest that the modified CBH scheme can accurately compute the BDEs of both small and large PFAS at near G4 level accuracy, offering promise for more effective PFAS degradation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kumar Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 India; Centre for Atomistic Modelling and Materials Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sharma S R K C Yamijala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 India; Centre for Atomistic Modelling and Materials Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; Centre for Molecular Materials and Functions, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; Centre for Quantum Information, Communication, and Computing, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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3
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Babaei P, Nikravan Madan E, Güllü G, Gören İE, Gül HK, Dağlıoğlu N, Kurt Karakuş PB. Levels, distribution, sources and human exposure pathways of alkylphenol and alkylphenol ethoxylates in indoor dust in Turkiye. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123447. [PMID: 38278401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Environmental phenolic chemicals, due to their widespread occurrence and potent estrogenic properties, pose a risk to human exposure. The phenolic organic contaminants alkylphenols (APs) and alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEs) are used in various household applications, and they may enter to the environment during production and use, potentially appearing in indoor dust. However, little is known about the levels of environmental phenolics in indoor environments. In this study, five of these compounds namely octylphenol (OP), 4-Octylphenol Monoethoxylate (4-OPME), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP) and nonylphenol diethoxylate (di-NPE) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in household dust samples (n = 148) collected from Ankara, the capital of Turkiye. OP and 4-OPME was not present in any of the analyzed samples. The median concentrations of the 148 settling dust samples were 35, 520, and 1910 ng g-1 dust for 4-t-OP, 4-n-NP, and di-NPE, respectively. An assessment of the human (children and adults) exposure pathway to APs and APEs, which are recognized as endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in residential dust, revealed that it was approximately 3 times higher for children than for adults at both moderate and heavy exposure levels. The association between chemical exposure, house characteristics, and family lifestyle was investigated using a multivariate logistic regression model. According to the results of this model, while the high concentrations measured for 4-t-OP were not found to be associated with any of the household parameters, high levels of 4-n-NP and di-NPE were associated with the frequency of house cleaning, repairs made during the previous year, residential type, the number of occupants, flooring materials, and the purchase of new household items within the past year. This study provides a basis for prioritizing toxicology and exposure studies for EDCs and mixtures and may offer new tools for exposure assessment in health studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Babaei
- Hacettepe University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Ankara, Turkiye
| | | | - Gülen Güllü
- Hacettepe University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Ankara, Turkiye.
| | | | - Hatice Kübra Gül
- Bursa Technical University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bursa, Turkiye
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Wilsey MK, Taseska T, Meng Z, Yu W, Müller AM. Advanced electrocatalytic redox processes for environmental remediation of halogenated organic water pollutants. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11895-11922. [PMID: 37740361 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03176d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated organic compounds are widespread, and decades of heavy use have resulted in global bioaccumulation and contamination of the environment, including water sources. Here, we introduce the most common halogenated organic water pollutants, their classification by type of halogen (fluorine, chlorine, or bromine), important policies and regulations, main applications, and environmental and human health risks. Remediation techniques are outlined with particular emphasis on carbon-halogen bond strengths. Aqueous advanced redox processes are discussed, highlighting mechanistic details, including electrochemical oxidations and reductions of the water-oxygen system, and thermodynamic potentials, protonation states, and lifetimes of radicals and reactive oxygen species in aqueous electrolytes at different pH conditions. The state of the art of aqueous advanced redox processes for brominated, chlorinated, and fluorinated organic compounds is presented, along with reported mechanisms for aqueous destruction of select PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances). Future research directions for aqueous electrocatalytic destruction of organohalogens are identified, emphasizing the crucial need for developing a quantitative mechanistic understanding of degradation pathways, the improvement of analytical detection methods for organohalogens and transient species during advanced redox processes, and the development of new catalysts and processes that are globally scalable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine K Wilsey
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
| | - Teona Taseska
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Ziyi Meng
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
| | - Wanqing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Astrid M Müller
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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Cintr N-Rivera LG, Oulette G, Prakki A, Burns NM, Patel R, Cyr R, Plavicki J. Exposure to the persistent organic pollutant 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) disrupts development of the zebrafish inner ear. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.14.532434. [PMID: 36993549 PMCID: PMC10054988 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.14.532434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins are a class of highly toxic and persistent environmental pollutants that have been shown through epidemiological and laboratory-based studies to act as developmental teratogens. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most potent dioxin congener, has a high affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand activated transcription factor. TCDD-induced AHR activation during development impairs nervous system, cardiac, and craniofacial development. Despite the robust phenotypes previously reported, the characterization of developmental malformations and our understanding of the molecular targets mediating TCDD-induced developmental toxicity remains limited. In zebrafish, TCDD-induced craniofacial malformations are produced, in part, by the downregulation of SRY-box transcription factor 9b ( sox9b ), a member of the SoxE gene family. sox9b , along with fellow SoxE gene family members sox9a and sox10 , have important functions in the development of the otic placode, the otic vesicle, and, ultimately, the inner ear. Given that sox9b in a known target of TCDD and that transcriptional interactions exist among SoxE genes, we asked whether TCDD exposure impaired the development of the zebrafish auditory system, specifically the otic vesicle, which gives rise to the sensory components of the inner ear. Using immunohistochemistry, in vivo confocal imaging, and time-lapse microscopy, we assessed the impact of TCDD exposure on zebrafish otic vesicle development. We found exposure resulted in structural deficits, including incomplete pillar fusion and altered pillar topography, leading to defective semicircular canal development. The observed structural deficits were accompanied by reduced collagen type II expression in the ear. Together, our findings reveal the otic vesicle as a novel target of TCDD-induced toxicity, suggest that the function of multiple SoxE genes may be affected by TCDD exposure, and provide insight into how environmental contaminants contribute to congenital malformations. Highlights The zebrafish ear is necessary to detect changes in motion, sound, and gravity.Embryos exposed to TCDD lack structural components of the developing ear.TCDD exposure impairs formation of the fusion plate and alters pillar topography.The semicircular canals of the ear are required to detect changes in movement.Following TCDD exposure embryos fail to establish semicircular canals.
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Zhu T, Yu Y, Tao T. A comprehensive evaluation of liposome/water partition coefficient prediction models based on the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method: Challenges from different descriptor dimension reduction methods and machine learning algorithms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130181. [PMID: 36257111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The liposome/water partition coefficient (Klip/w) is a key parameter to evaluate the bioaccumulation potential of pollutants. Considering that it is difficult to determine the Klip/w values of all pollutants through experiments, researchers gradually developed models to predict it. However, there is currently no research on how to comprehensively evaluate prediction models and recommend a compelling optimal modeling method. To remedy the defect of single parameters in a traditional model comparison, the TOPSIS evaluation method, based on entropy weight, was first proposed. We use this method to comprehensively evaluate models from multiple angles in this study. Thirty QSPR models, including 3 descriptor dimension reduction methods and 10 algorithms (belonging to 4 tribes), were used to predict Klip/w and verify the effectiveness of the comprehensive assessment method. The results showed that RF (descriptor dimension reduction method), symbolism (tribes) and RF (algorithm) exhibited significant advantages in establishing the Klip/w value prediction model. At present, the application of TOPSIS in environmental model evaluations is almost absent. We hope that the proposed TOPSIS evaluation method can be applied to more chemical datasets and provide a more systematic and comprehensive basis for the application of the QSPR model in environmental studies and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyi Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyun Tao
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Kříž K, Schmidt L, Andersson AT, Walz MM, van der Spoel D. An Imbalance in the Force: The Need for Standardized Benchmarks for Molecular Simulation. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:412-431. [PMID: 36630710 PMCID: PMC9875315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Force fields (FFs) for molecular simulation have been under development for more than half a century. As with any predictive model, rigorous testing and comparisons of models critically depends on the availability of standardized data sets and benchmarks. While such benchmarks are rather common in the fields of quantum chemistry, this is not the case for empirical FFs. That is, few benchmarks are reused to evaluate FFs, and development teams rather use their own training and test sets. Here we present an overview of currently available tests and benchmarks for computational chemistry, focusing on organic compounds, including halogens and common ions, as FFs for these are the most common ones. We argue that many of the benchmark data sets from quantum chemistry can in fact be reused for evaluating FFs, but new gas phase data is still needed for compounds containing phosphorus and sulfur in different valence states. In addition, more nonequilibrium interaction energies and forces, as well as molecular properties such as electrostatic potentials around compounds, would be beneficial. For the condensed phases there is a large body of experimental data available, and tools to utilize these data in an automated fashion are under development. If FF developers, as well as researchers in artificial intelligence, would adopt a number of these data sets, it would become easier to compare the relative strengths and weaknesses of different models and to, eventually, restore the balance in the force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Kříž
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, SE-75124Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lisa Schmidt
- Faculty
of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg69117, Germany
| | - Alfred T. Andersson
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, SE-75124Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie-Madeleine Walz
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, SE-75124Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David van der Spoel
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, SE-75124Uppsala, Sweden
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8
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Zhang J, Jiao W, Huang S, Wang H, Cao X, Li X, Sakamaki T. Application of microbial fuel cell technology to the remediation of compound heavy metal contamination in soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115670. [PMID: 35921747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the removal rules of MFC on composite heavy metal pollution is very important for the future development and field application of MFC. We constructed a three-chamber soil MFC and the results showed that with the gradual deterioration of soil heavy metal contamination from single heavy metal to metals in different oxidation states (e.g., copper (II), lead (II), and chromium (III) compounds), the internal resistance of the soil MFC increased by 2.16-2.71 times, which significantly inhibited the power production performance of the MFC. After 59 days of remediation, the migration removal efficiencies of total Cu, total Cr and total Pb from the soil under composite conditions were 36.69%, 52.35% and 19.67%, respectively. The main removal mechanisms included both electromigration and diffusion, where electromigration contributed 74.41%, 31.48% and 97.67% to the removal of total Cu, Cr and Pb, respectively. The removal of composite heavy metals was affected by adsorption-desorption competition and synergism. The competition of Pb for specific adsorption sites in soil leads to the increase of mobility of Cr and Cu, which is conducive to migration and removal. The migration of Cu and Pb ions to the cathode inhibited the diffusion of Cr to the anode; however, it drove the synergistic migration of Pb ions to the cathode. For the heavy metals migrated from the soil into the catholyte, only Cu2+ with high redox potential is reduced to copper at the cathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wentao Jiao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan Huang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China; School of Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xian Cao
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki 6-6-06, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Xianning Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
| | - Takashi Sakamaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki 6-6-06, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
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Gong H, Du J, Xu J, Yang Y, Lu H, Xiao H. Perfluorononanoate and Perfluorobutane Sulfonate Induce Cardiotoxic Effects in Zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:2527-2536. [PMID: 35899994 PMCID: PMC9804353 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Globally, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are common artificial ingredients in industrial and consumer products. Recently, they have been shown to be an emerging human health risk. Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)/perfluorononanoate and perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS)/perfluorobutane sulfonate cause reproductive toxicity and hepatotoxicity, disrupt thyroid functions, and damage embryonic development in zebrafish. However, the cardiotoxic effects of PFNA and PFBS have not been fully established. We found that PFNA and PFBS exposures repress hatchability while increasing malformation and mortality in zebrafish embryos. Hematoxylin and eosin staining as well as assessment of the transgenic zebrafish line Tg(myl7:nDsRed) revealed that exposure of embryos to PFNA increases the occurrence of severe cardiac malformations relative to exposure to PFBS. Moreover, we evaluated the differential expressions of cardiac development-associated genes in response to PFNA and PFBS, which validated the potential cardiotoxic effects, consistent with cardiac dysfunctions. Overall, our findings reveal novel cardiotoxic effects of PFNA and PFBS in zebrafish, implying that they may exert some cardiotoxic effect in humans. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to show that PFNA exerts more severe cardiotoxic effects in zebrafish when compared with PFBS. Based on these findings, studies should evaluate the mechanisms of their cardiotoxic effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2527-2536. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Gong
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children), Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children), Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jia Xu
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children), Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children), Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hui Lu
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children), Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Han Xiao
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children), Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubeiPeople's Republic of China
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Zhou Y, Klinger GE, Hegg EL, Saffron CM, Jackson JE. Skeletal Ni electrode-catalyzed C-O cleavage of diaryl ethers entails direct elimination via benzyne intermediates. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2050. [PMID: 35440551 PMCID: PMC9018776 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diaryl ethers undergo electrocatalytic hydrogenolysis (ECH) over skeletal Ni cathodes in a mild, aqueous process that achieves direct C-O cleavage without initial benzene ring saturation. Mechanistic studies find that aryl phenyl ethers with a single para or meta functional group (methyl, methoxy, or hydroxy) are selectively cleaved to the substituted benzene and phenol, in contrast to recently reported homogeneous catalytic cleavage processes. Ortho positioning of substituents reverses this C-O bond selectivity, except for the 2-phenoxyphenol case. Together with isotope labeling and co-solvent studies, these results point to two distinct cleavage mechanisms: (a) dual-ring coordination and C-H activation, leading to vicinal elimination to form phenol and a surface-bound aryne intermediate which is then hydrogenated and released as the arene; and (b) surface binding in keto form by the phenolic ring of the hydroxy-substituted substrates, followed by direct displacement of the departing phenol. Notably, acetone inhibits the well-known reduction of phenol to cyclohexanol, affording control of product ring saturation. A byproduct of this work is the discovery that the ECH treatment completely defluorinates substrates bearing aromatic C-F and C-CF3 groupings. Biomass conversion holds promise as a more sustainable source of platform chemicals, but limitations in the ways in which lignin can be broken down is a current bottleneck. Here the authors report an electrocatalytic hydrogenolysis over skeletal Ni that cleaves diaryl ethers, chemically resistant moieties in both renewable carbon sources and persistent organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Grace E Klinger
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Eric L Hegg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Christopher M Saffron
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James E Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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11
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Smythe TA, Su G, Bergman Å, Letcher RJ. Metabolic transformation of environmentally-relevant brominated flame retardants in Fauna: A review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 161:107097. [PMID: 35134713 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, production trends of the flame retardant (FR) industry, and specifically for brominated FRs (BFRs), is for the replacement of banned and regulated compounds with more highly brominated, higher molecular weight compounds including oligomeric and polymeric compounds. Chemical, biological, and environmental stability of BFRs has received some attention over the years but knowledge is currently lacking in the transformation potential and metabolism of replacement emerging or novel BFRs (E/NBFRs). For articles published since 2015, a systematic search strategy reviewed the existing literature on the direct (e.g., in vitro or in vivo) non-human BFR metabolism in fauna (animals). Of the 51 papers reviewed, and of the 75 known environmental BFRs, PBDEs were by far the most widely studied, followed by HBCDDs and TBBPA. Experimental protocols between studies showed large disparities in exposure or incubation times, age, sex, depuration periods, and of the absence of active controls used in in vitro experiments. Species selection emphasized non-standard test animals and/or field-collected animals making comparisons difficult. For in vitro studies, confounding variables were generally not taken into consideration (e.g., season and time of day of collection, pollution point-sources or human settlements). As of 2021 there remains essentially no information on the fate and metabolic pathways or kinetics for 30 of the 75 environmentally relevant E/BFRs. Regardless, there are clear species-specific and BFR-specific differences in metabolism and metabolite formation (e.g. BDE congeners and HBCDD isomers). Future in vitro and in vivo metabolism/biotransformation research on E/NBFRs is required to better understand their bioaccumulation and fate in exposed organisms. Also, studies should be conducted on well characterized lab (e.g., laboratory rodents, zebrafish) and commonly collected wildlife species used as captive models (crucian carp, Japanese quail, zebra finches and polar bears).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan A Smythe
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Wildlife and Landscape Directorate, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Guanyong Su
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Åke Bergman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert J Letcher
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Wildlife and Landscape Directorate, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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Bhunia SK, UshaVipinachandran V, Rajendran S. Degradation of emergent pollutants using visible light-triggered photocatalysts. NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS FOR VISIBLE LIGHT PHOTOCATALYSIS 2022:433-465. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823018-3.00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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13
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Shouli Pour F, Jensen PE, Pedersen KB, Lejon T. Comparison of 2- and 3-compartment electrodialytic remediation cells for oil polluted soil from northwest Russia. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3900-3906. [PMID: 32241239 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1749943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrodialytic remediation is a method based on electrokinetics, in which an electric field of low intensity increases the availability of pollutants in solid waste materials. The electric field induces processes that mobilise and transport inorganic and organic pollutants. The transport of ions in the electrodialytic cell is controlled by employing ion-exchange membranes, allowing separation of the electrodes from the solids. In this study, using a two cell design, electrodialytic experiments were conducted to compare remediation of a heavily oil-polluted soil from Arkhangelsk, Russia. The 2-compartment cell has not previously been employed for electrodialytic removal of organic pollutants and was tested along with the traditional 3-compartment design. The influence of experimental variables (current density, remediation time, stirring and light) and settings on the two cell designs was investigated. The highest removal (77%) of total hydrocarbons (THC) was observed in the 3-compartment cell at high current density (0.68 mA/cm2), longer remediation time (28 days), stirring and exposure to daylight. High current density and stirring increased the removal efficiencies in both cell designs. Within the studied experimental domain, the removal efficiencies in the 3-compartment cell (10-77%) were, however, higher than those observed in the 2-compartment cell (0-38%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shouli Pour
- Department of Chemistry, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsoe, Norway
| | - Pernille E Jensen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Tore Lejon
- Department of Chemistry, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsoe, Norway
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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14
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Khandelwal N, Darbha GK. A decade of exploring MXenes as aquatic cleaners: Covering a broad range of contaminants, current challenges and future trends. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130587. [PMID: 33901892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Clean water, the elixir of life, is of tremendous importance in achieving environmental sustainability and the balanced functioning of our ecosystem. Coupled with population growth, several anthropogenic activities and environmental catastrophes have together contributed to an alarming increase in the concentration of toxic pollutants in water bodies. Diversified physiochemical conditions of water matrices, ranging from mining drainage to seawater, is the critical challenge in designing adsorbents. MXenes, a new class of 2D layered materials, are transition metal nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides or borides formed through selective etching process. MXenes are known to have high surface area and activity with biological compatibility and chemical stability and therefore are promising adsorbents and have been explored for a broad range of contaminants. This review starts with a brief about environmental contaminants followed by synthesis and modifications of MXenes. It then revolves around their so far explored adsorbing and degradation properties for different contaminants ranging from toxic metals, inorganic ions, and radionuclides to various organic pollutants, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides, etc. Finally, we have discussed associated toxicity, secondary contamination, future trends, and challenges in ascertaining scalability and wide-range applicability of MXenes in natural environmental conditions to make them a warrior of water sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Khandelwal
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246
| | - Gopala Krishna Darbha
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246; Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
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15
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Tong G, Baker MA, Shenvi RA. Change the channel: CysLoop receptor antagonists from nature. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3650-3662. [PMID: 33135373 PMCID: PMC8087819 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate and invertebrate ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) exhibit significant structural homology and often share ligands. As a result, ligands with activity against one class can be brought to bear against another, including for development as insecticides. Receptor selectivity, metabolism and distribution must then be optimized using chemical synthesis. Here we review natural products (NPs) that ligate and inhibit the Cys-loop family of LGICs, which benefit from the unique physicochemical properties of natural product space but often present a high synthetic burden. Recent advances in chemical synthesis, however, have opened practical entries into these complex structures, several of which are highlighted. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghu Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Meghan A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan A Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
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16
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Zhang J, Sun Y, Zhang H, Cao X, Wang H, Li X. Effects of cathode/anode electron accumulation on soil microbial fuel cell power generation and heavy metal removal. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 198:111217. [PMID: 33974843 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with different electrode configurations were constructed to study the mechanism of influence of multiple current paths on their electrical performance and the removal of heavy metals in soil. Three types of MFCs were constructed, namely, double anode-single cathode (DASC), single anode-dual cathode (SADC), and single anode-single cathode (SASC). The total electricity generation of the three kinds of MFC was similar: 143.44 × 10-3 mW, 114.90 × 10-3 mW, and 132.50 × 10-3 mW, respectively. However, the maximum voltage and cathode current density produced by a single current path differed significantly. The corresponding values were 0.27, 0.23, and 0.42 V and 0.130, 0.122, and 0.096 A/m 2, respectively. The SASC had the best electricity generation performance. Based on a limited reduction rate of oxygen at the cathode, the accumulation of cathode electrons was facilitated by the construction of multiple current paths in the MFC, which significantly increased the cathode electron transfer resistance and limited the electricity generation performance of the MFC. However, at the same time, the construction of multiple current paths promoted output of more electrons in the anode, reducing the retention of anode electrons and anode electron transfer resistance. The heavy metal removal efficiencies of SASC, DASC, and SADC were 2.68, 2.18, and 1.70 times that of the open circuit group, respectively. The migration of heavy metals in the soil depended mainly on the internal electric field intensity of the MFC rather than the total electricity generation. As the internal electric field intensity increased, the removal efficiency of heavy metals in the MFC increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Yilun Sun
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Haochi Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Xian Cao
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki 6-6-06, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; School of Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Xianning Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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17
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Zhang J, Huang S, Gao X, Wang H, Cao X, Li X. Influence mechanism of heavy metal removal under microcurrent action. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Wolf R, Tollefsen KE. A Bayesian Approach to Incorporating Spatiotemporal Variation and Uncertainty Limits into Modeling of Predicted Environmental Concentrations from Chemical Monitoring Campaigns. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:1699-1709. [PMID: 33525880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring studies provide key information to assess ecosystem health. Results of chemical monitoring campaigns can be used to identify the exposure scenarios of regulatory concern. In environmental risk assessment (ERA), measured concentrations of chemicals can be used to model predicted environmental concentrations (PECs). As the PEC is, by definition, a predicted variable, it is highly dependent on the underlying modeling approach from which it is derived. We demonstrate the use of Bayesian distributional regression models to derive PECs by incorporating spatiotemporal conditional variances, and limits of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) as de facto data censoring. Model accuracies increase when incorporating spatiotemporal conditional variances, and the inclusion of LOQ and LOD results in potentially more robust PEC distributions. The methodology is flexible, credibly quantifies uncertainty, and can be adjusted to different scientific and regulatory needs. Posterior sampling allows to express PECs as distributions, which makes this modeling procedure directly compatible with other Bayesian ERA approaches. We recommend the use of Bayesian modeling approaches with chemical monitoring data to make realistic and robust PEC estimations and encourage the scientific debate about the benefits and challenges of Bayesian methodologies in the context of ERA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Wolf
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Science (NMBU), Universitetstunet 3, 1430 Ås, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), Fougnerbakken 1, 1432 Ås, Norway
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19
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MacFarlane EM, Bruin JE. Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Unique Tool for Toxicity Testing in Pancreatic Progenitor and Endocrine Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 11:604998. [PMID: 33542706 PMCID: PMC7851047 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.604998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, and epidemiological studies report an association between diabetes incidence and environmental pollutant exposure. There are >84,000 chemicals in commerce, many of which are released into the environment without a clear understanding of potential adverse health consequences. While in vivo rodent studies remain an important tool for testing chemical toxicity systemically, we urgently need high-throughput screening platforms in biologically relevant models to efficiently prioritize chemicals for in depth toxicity analysis. Given the increasing global burden of obesity and diabetes, identifying chemicals that disrupt metabolism should be a high priority. Pancreatic endocrine cells are key regulators of systemic metabolism, yet often overlooked as a target tissue in toxicology studies. Immortalized β-cell lines and primary human, porcine, and rodent islets are widely used for studying the endocrine pancreas in vitro, but each have important limitations in terms of scalability, lifespan, and/or biological relevance. Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) culture is a powerful tool for in vitro toxicity testing that addresses many of the limitations with other β-cell models. Current in vitro differentiation protocols can efficiently generate glucose-responsive insulin-secreting β-like cells that are not fully mature, but still valuable for high-throughput toxicity screening in vitro. Furthermore, hPSCs can be applied as a model of developing pancreatic endocrine cells to screen for chemicals that influence endocrine cell formation during critical windows of differentiation. Given their versatility, we recommend using hPSCs to identify potential β-cell toxins, which can then be prioritized as chemicals of concern for metabolic disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer E. Bruin
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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20
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Tailor-Made Fluorinated Ionic Liquids for Protein Delivery. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081594. [PMID: 32823882 PMCID: PMC7466544 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, pharmaceutical companies are facing several challenges with the development and approval of new biological products. The unique properties of several fluorinated ionic liquids (FILs), such as their high surfactant power in aqueous solutions, their chemical and biological stability, and low toxicity, favor their application in the pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, the numerous combinations between cations and anions, in the FILs design, enlarge the possibilities to construct a successful delivery system. Several FILs also proved to not affect the activity, stability, and secondary structure of the therapeutic protein lysozyme. This work aims to study the aggregation behavior of distinct FILs in the protein suitable medium, in the presence or absence of lysozyme. Besides, different incubation conditions were tested to guarantee the optimal enzymatic activity of the protein at more stable delivery systems. Following the optimization of the incubation conditions, the quantification of the encapsulated lysozyme was performed to evaluate the encapsulation efficiency of each FIL-based system. The release of the protein was tested applying variables such as time, temperature, and ultrasound frequency. The experimental results suggest that the aggregation behavior of FILs is not significantly influenced by the protein and/or protein buffer and supports their application for the design of delivery systems with high encapsulation efficiencies, maintaining the biological activity of either encapsulated and released protein.
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21
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Sun Y, Wang H, Cao X, Li X. Effect of soil type on heavy metals removal in bioelectrochemical system. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 136:107596. [PMID: 32679338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is widely used to remediate heavy metal pollution of soil, and the applicability of soils with different physical and chemical properties under micro-electric field has not been studied. In this study, copper was effectively removed in four typical soil-filled MFCs. The removal efficiencies of copper from closed-circuit MFCs filled with paddy, red, black and alluvial soils were 2.9, 1.50, 3.48 and 3.40 times higher than those in the open-circuit control group, respectively. However, the contributions of electromigration and diffusion mechanisms were different under different soil types. The greatest copper removal (19.3 ± 0.8%) was achieved based on electromigration of the electric field inside the paddy soil MFC in 63 days, while the greatest copper removal (25 ± 2%) was achieved under the action of diffusion mechanism inside the red soil MFC. According to redundancy analysis, the removal of copper by electromigration was positively correlated with electricity generation performance and acid extractable Cu content, whereas copper removal based on diffusion was positively related to soil pore volume and acid extractable Cu content. The cation exchange capacity and total organic carbon of soil were negatively correlated with the acid extractable Cu content, and electrical conductivity of soil was positively correlated with the MFC electricity generation performance. Furthermore, the directional movement of protons under an electric field alleviated the issue of soil acidification caused by citric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Yanqing Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Yilun Sun
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China; School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Xian Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki 6-6-06, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Xianning Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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22
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Yue N, Deng C, Li C, Wang Q, Li M, Wang J, Jin F. Occurrence and Distribution of Phthalate Esters and Their Major Metabolites in Porcine Tissues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6910-6918. [PMID: 32476419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ten of the 22 phthalate esters (PAEs) and five of the eight monoalkyl phthalates (MPEs) were detected in six types of porcine tissues of 16 pigs. The total concentrations of detected PAEs were 60.5-439.4 ng/g wet weight (ww). Dibutyl phthalate, the predominant PAE, was detected in all six types of porcine tissues (7.3-187.9 ng/g ww). The total concentrations of MPEs were 9.9-94.0 ng/g ww. Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) was the predominant MPE, with the highest concentration in porcine liver (55.1 ng/g ww). Levels of PAEs and MPEs were highest in the muscle and liver, respectively, indicating that these two classes of compounds have different distribution patterns in pigs. The concentrations of MBP and monoethyl phthalate were positively correlated with their corresponding parent compounds in the porcine liver (p < 0.05), suggesting that the liver is the primary metabolic organ for most PAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yue
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Minjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fen Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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23
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Mohammadi A, Heydari-Bafrooei E, Foroughi MM, Mohammadi M. Electrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of PCB77 using thionine-functionalized MoS2-rGO nanohybrid. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Mennillo E, Adeogun AO, Arukwe A. Quality screening of the Lagos lagoon sediment by assessing the cytotoxicity and toxicological responses of rat hepatoma H4IIE and fish PLHC-1 cell-lines using different extraction approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:108986. [PMID: 31812937 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sediment samples from Makoko and Ikorodu sites of the Lagos lagoon (Nigeria) were screened for toxicological responses on mammalian and fish cell lines using different extraction methods. Rat hepatoma H4IIE and fish PLHC-1 cell-lines were exposed to serial dilutions of the elutriate, polar and non-polar extracts. We evaluated exposed cells for cytotoxicity and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated toxicity. Cells exposed to polar and water extracts from Makoko and Ikorodu showed viability percentage of >80% at 48 h. On the other hand, exposure to the non-polar extracts exhibited cell viability of 50-60% at all tested dilutions. For both cell lines, a significant concentration-dependent induction of cyp1a mRNA was observed after exposure to the different extracts from both sites. Interestingly, the extracts affected functional enzymes differently for both cell lines. For H4IIE cells, while EROD activity paralleled cyp1a mRNA expression patterns, MROD showed significant concentration-specific reduction in cells exposed to polar and water extracts. On the contrary, while the MROD activity paralleled cyp1a mRNA, EROD activity was significantly inhibited in PLHC-1 cells exposed to water-, polar and non-polar extracts from both sites. These observations paralleled sediments PAH contamination burden from the study sites as revealed by co-relation analysis. In conclusion, although the different extracts did not exert high cytotoxic effects (except the non-polar) at the tested concentrations, they significantly modulated phase I biotransformation responses, showing that the studied sediments contain complex chemical mixture in the different extracts, with potential for overt physiological and general health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Mennillo
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (PI), 56122, Italy
| | - Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
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25
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Dhenadhayalan N, Lin KC, Saleh TA. Recent Advances in Functionalized Carbon Dots toward the Design of Efficient Materials for Sensing and Catalysis Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1905767. [PMID: 31769599 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the past decade, enormous research efforts have been devoted to the detection/degradation and quantification of environmental toxic pollutants and biologically important molecules due to their ubiquitous necessity in the fields of environmental protection and human health. These fields of sensor and catalysis are advanced to a new era after emerging of nanomaterials, especially, carbon nanomaterials including graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon dots (C-dots), etc. Among them, the C-dots in the carbon family are rapidly boosted in the aspect of synthesis and application due to their superior properties of chemical and photostability, highly fluorescent with tunable, non/low-toxicity, and biocompatibility. The C-dot-based functional materials have shown great potential in sensor and catalysis fields for the detection/degradation of environmental pollutants. The major advantage of C-dots is that they can be easily prepared from numerous biomass/waste materials which are inexpensive and environment-friendly and are suitable for a developing trend of sustainable materials. This review is devoted to the recent development (since 2017) in the synthesis of biomass- and chemical-derived C-dots as well as diverse functionalization of C-dots. Their capability as a sensor and catalyst and respective mechanism are summarized. The future perspectives of C-dots are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namasivayam Dhenadhayalan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - King-Chuen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tawfik A Saleh
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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26
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van der Spoel D, Manzetti S, Zhang H, Klamt A. Prediction of Partition Coefficients of Environmental Toxins Using Computational Chemistry Methods. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:13772-13781. [PMID: 31497695 PMCID: PMC6713992 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The partitioning of compounds between aqueous and other phases is important for predicting toxicity. Although thousands of octanol-water partition coefficients have been measured, these represent only a small fraction of the anthropogenic compounds present in the environment. The octanol phase is often taken to be a mimic of the inner parts of phospholipid membranes. However, the core of such membranes is typically more hydrophobic than octanol, and other partition coefficients with other compounds may give complementary information. Although a number of (cheap) empirical methods exist to compute octanol-water (log k OW) and hexadecane-water (log k HW) partition coefficients, it would be interesting to know whether physics-based models can predict these crucial values more accurately. Here, we have computed log k OW and log k HW for 133 compounds from seven different pollutant categories as well as a control group using the solvation model based on electronic density (SMD) protocol based on Hartree-Fock (HF) or density functional theory (DFT) and the COSMO-RS method. For comparison, XlogP3 (log k OW) values were retrieved from the PubChem database, and KowWin log k OW values were determined as well. For 24 of these compounds, log k OW was computed using potential of mean force (PMF) calculations based on classical molecular dynamics simulations. A comparison of the accuracy of the methods shows that COSMO-RS, KowWin, and XlogP3 all have a root-mean-square deviation (rmsd) from the experimental data of ≈0.4 log units, whereas the SMD protocol has an rmsd of 1.0 log units using HF and 0.9 using DFT. PMF calculations yield the poorest accuracy (rmsd = 1.1 log units). Thirty-six out of 133 calculations are for compounds without known log k OW, and for these, we provide what we consider a robust prediction, in the sense that there are few outliers, by averaging over the methods. The results supplied may be instrumental when developing new methods in computational ecotoxicity. The log k HW values are found to be strongly correlated to log k OW for most compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- David van der Spoel
- Uppsala Center for
Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of
Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box
596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
- E-mail: . Phone: +46 18 4714205
| | - Sergio Manzetti
- Uppsala Center for
Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of
Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box
596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
- Fjordforsk A.S., Institute
for Science and Technology, Midtun, 6894 Vangsnes, Norway
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering,
School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Andreas Klamt
- COSMOlogic GmbH & Co. KG, Imbacher Weg 46, D-51379 Leverkusen, Germany
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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27
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Gunnagol RM, Rabinal MHK. TiO
2
/rGO/CuS Nanocomposites for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine‐B Dye. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghu M. Gunnagol
- Department of PhysicsKarnatak University Dharwad- 580003 Karnataka India
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Baesse CQ, Tolentino VCDM, Morelli S, Melo C. Effect of urbanization on the micronucleus frequency in birds from forest fragments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:631-637. [PMID: 30658298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The urbanization contributes to environment contamination, mainly by the increased vehicle traffic. This intense traffic releases in the air chemical compounds with mutagenic properties that can affect the entire ecosystem. The birds for the flight accumulate air, absorbing gases or particles. The absorption of this polluted air may be causative agent responsible for micronucleus (MN) induction in bird erythrocytes. The quantitative analysis of MN in birds can assists in the monitoring environmental quality of various places. The study aimed to quantify the MN frequency in birds and compare their variation: I) among forest fragments distant from and near to urbanization, II) among species and populations of birds and III) to find if there is a relation between vehicle traffic and MN induction. The capture of the birds took place in four forest fragments in central Brazil (two distant and two near the city) using mist nets. Blood smears were prepared with blood collected from the tarso-metatarsal vein. A total of 354 individuals were analyzed and MN were found in 52% of the individuals analyzed. All sampled birds were identified and resulted to belong to 50 different species, only 4 of which were captured in all the 4 forest fragments. The average MN frequency, regardless of bird species and sampling area, was 1.04/10,000 erythrocytes. From an overall analysis carried out on all birds, the MN frequencies were found to vary among forest fragments distant from and near to urbanization (x2 =15.513; p < 0.001) and demonstrated positive correlation between vehicle traffic intensity and the MN frequency (r = 0.988; df=2; p = 0.011). The species of birds presented variation in the amount of MN (x2 = 84.64; df=49; p = 0.001). Therefore, a restricted analysis carried out on the 4 species of birds present in all the forest fragments showed that the populations of Antilophia galeata (x2 =6.029; p = 0.014), Basileuterus culicivorus (x2 =9.53; p = 0.002), Eucometis penicillata (x2 =8.067; p = 0.005) and Myiothlypis flaveola (x2 =4.771; p = 0.029) showed difference in the MN frequency, when compared between forest fragments distant from and near to cities. The analysis demonstrated that birds living in forest areas near to the city presented higher MN frequency, probably because pollutants generated by urbanization affect birds and that the larger the vehicle traffic the greater the induced MN in the birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Queiroz Baesse
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustics, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis Laboratory, Umuarama Campus, Avenida Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Carneiro de Magalhães Tolentino
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustics, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Sandra Morelli
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis Laboratory, Umuarama Campus, Avenida Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Celine Melo
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustics, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Natoli L, Luci G, Mennillo E, Adeogun AO, Arukwe A. Assessing the effects of Awba dam sediment (Nigeria) on the steroidogenesis of H295R cells using different extraction methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:121-131. [PMID: 30196212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, H295R human cells were used to investigate the endocrine disruptor potential of three different sediments extracts taken from a Nigerian tropical freshwater dam (Awba Dam), using three extraction methods that allowed a selective consideration of contaminants based on their binding affinity, which is mainly driven by polarity, to sediment particles. After exposure to different concentration of each extract, H295R cells were evaluated for the expression profiles of 10 steroidogenic enzyme genes and estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels. Our results showed a comparable concentrated-related increase in the expression of 17β-hsd1, 3β-hsd2 and cyp21 in cells treated with the polar and non-polar extracts. The star, hmgr, cyp11b2 and 17β-hsd4 were slightly decreased, in an apparent concentration-specific manner, after treatment with the polar extract and decreased in the non-polar treatment. The cyp11a and cyp17 showed an opposite trend in the polar and non-polar treatments. E2 was significantly higher in cell treated with the non-polar extract. Elutriate exposure produced less pronounced variation in mRNA and hormones levels. Overall the extract with non-polar compounds produced the most severe effects in H295R cells. Thus, direct ingestion of detritus and mud from fishes and other benthonic organisms represent possible transfer of contaminants in the trophic web, and mainly account for alteration of the endocrine system previously observed in fish from the same study site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Natoli
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Giacomo Luci
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elvira Mennillo
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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Ghisi R, Vamerali T, Manzetti S. Accumulation of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in agricultural plants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 169:326-341. [PMID: 30502744 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PFASs are a class of compounds that include perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, some of the most persistent pollutants still allowed - or only partially restricted - in several product fabrications and industrial applications worldwide. PFASs have been shown to interact with blood proteins and are suspected of causing a number of pathological responses, including cancer. Given this threat to living organisms, we carried out a broad review of possible sources of PFASs and their potential accumulation in agricultural plants, from where they can transfer to humans through the food chain. Analysis of the literature indicates a direct correlation between PFAS concentrations in soil and bioaccumulation in plants. Furthermore, plant uptake largely changes with chain length, functional group, plant species and organ. Low accumulations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) have been found in peeled potatoes and cereal seeds, while short-chain compounds can accumulate at high levels in leafy vegetables and fruits. Significant variations in PFAS buildup in plants according to soil amendment are also found, suggesting a particular interaction with soil organic matter. Here, we identify a series of challenges that PFASs pose to the development of a safe agriculture for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Ghisi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Teofilo Vamerali
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Sergio Manzetti
- Fjordforsk A/S, Institute for Science and Technology, Midtun 6894, Vangsnes, Norway; Uppsala Centre for Computational Sciences, Dept. of Cell & Molec. Biol., Uppsala University, Box 596, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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Hu A, Cagnetta G, Huang J, Yu G. Mechanochemical enhancement of the natural attenuation capacity of soils using two organophosphate biocides as models. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 360:71-81. [PMID: 30086468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemical treatment by high energy ball milling is a promising technology to safely destroy organic pollutants in contaminated soil and allow its possible beneficial reuse. The present study investigates the mechanochemical activation of four major soil components, which induces generation of electrons on particle surfaces. Such phenomenon is demonstrated to occur on oxides by formation of trapped electrons in oxygen vacancies (following a zeroth-order kinetics), as well as on quartz and clayey materials to form fresh electron-rich surfaces by homolytic bond rapture (according to a first-order kinetics). Two toxic organophosphate biocides (i.e. chlorpyrifos and glyphosate) are used as model pollutants. Results show that the aromatic structure of chlorpyrifos determines a faster degradation rate, compared to the aliphatic one of glyphosate, because of the higher stability of generated radical intermediates. Moreover, the aromatic moiety facilitates adsorption on clays, thus temporarily sequestering the molecule and delaying its degradation. The many heteroatoms in both organophosphates have analogous fate: mineralization to inorganic form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Hu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Giovanni Cagnetta
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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32
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Granby K, Rainieri S, Rasmussen RR, Kotterman MJJ, Sloth JJ, Cederberg TL, Barranco A, Marques A, Larsen BK. The influence of microplastics and halogenated contaminants in feed on toxicokinetics and gene expression in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 164:430-443. [PMID: 29573718 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
When microplastics pollute fish habitats, it may be ingested by fish, thereby contaminating fish with sorbed contaminants. The present study investigates how combinations of halogenated contaminants and microplastics associated with feed are able to alter toxicokinetics in European seabass and affect the fish. Microplastic particles (2%) were added to the feed either with sorbed contaminants or as a mixture of clean microplastics and chemical contaminants, and compared to feed containing contaminants without microplastics. For the contaminated microplastic diet, the accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in fish was significantly higher, increasing up to 40 days of accumulation and then reversing to values comparable to the other diets at the end of accumulation. The significant gene expression results of liver (cyp1a, il1β, gstα) after 40 days of exposure indicate that microplastics might indeed exacerbate the toxic effects (liver metabolism, immune system, oxidative stress) of some chemical contaminants sorbed to microplastics. Seabass quickly metabolised BDE99 to BDE47 by debromination, probably mediated by deiodinase enzymes, and unlike other contaminants, this metabolism was unaffected by the presence of microplastics. For the other PCBs and BFRs, the elimination coefficients were significantly lower in fish fed the diet with contaminants sorbed to microplastic compared to the other diets. The results indicate that microplastics affects liver detoxification and lipid distribution, both of which affect the concentration of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Granby
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), National Food Institute, Kemitorvet, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Sandra Rainieri
- AZTI, Food Research Division, Astondo bidea 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Rie Romme Rasmussen
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), National Food Institute, Kemitorvet, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michiel J J Kotterman
- Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen University and Research Center, Haringkade 1, 1976 CP IJmuiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Jørgen Sloth
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), National Food Institute, Kemitorvet, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tommy Licht Cederberg
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), National Food Institute, Kemitorvet, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alex Barranco
- AZTI, Food Research Division, Astondo bidea 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - António Marques
- Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading, Avenida de Brasilia, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bodil Katrine Larsen
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Aquaculture, Niels Juelsvej 30, 9850 Hirtshals, Denmark
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Ali H, Jana NR. Plasmonic photocatalysis: complete degradation of bisphenol A by a gold nanoparticle-reduced graphene oxide composite under visible light. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:628-637. [PMID: 29697134 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00012c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A is a well-known endocrine disruptor that comes from plastic/epoxy resin-based consumer products, pollutes our environment and is responsible for various human diseases. Thus, its removal from water/food/the environment is becoming a challenging issue. Here we report the visible light photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A using a gold nanoparticle based composite with reduced graphene oxide. The nanocomposite captures visible light and produces hydroxyl radicals that oxidize bisphenol A into smaller organic fragments such as phenol derivatives and aliphatic aldehydes/ketones. The composition of the nanocomposite has been optimized for most efficient degradation of bisphenol A under visible light and the approach may be extended for the sunlight-based removal of bisphenol A from water/food/the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydar Ali
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Nikhil R Jana
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India.
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Cagnetta G, Zhang K, Zhang Q, Huang J, Yu G. Mechanochemical pre-treatment for viable recycling of plastic waste containing haloorganics. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 75:181-186. [PMID: 29433901 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical recycling technologies are the most promising for a waste-to-energy/material recovery of plastic waste. However, 30% of such waste cannot be treated in this way due to the presence of halogenated organic compounds, which are often utilized as flame retardants. In fact, high quantities of hydrogen halides and dioxin would form. In order to enabling such huge amount of plastic waste as viable feedstock for recycling, an investigation on mechanochemical pre-treatment by high energy ball milling is carried out on polypropylene containing decabromodiphenyl ether. Results demonstrate that co-milling with zero valent iron and quartz sand ensures complete debromination and mineralization of the flame retardant. Furthermore, a comparative experiment demonstrates that the mechanochemical debromination kinetics is roughly proportional to the polymer-to-haloorganics mass ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cagnetta
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kunlun Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321007, China
| | - Qiwu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Feng W, Zheng J, Robin G, Dong Y, Ichikawa M, Inoue Y, Mori T, Nakano T, Pessah IN. Enantioselectivity of 2,2',3,5',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 95) Atropisomers toward Ryanodine Receptors (RyRs) and Their Influences on Hippocampal Neuronal Networks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:14406-14416. [PMID: 29131945 PMCID: PMC6251309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nineteen ortho-substituted PCBs are chiral and found enantioselectively enriched in ecosystems. Their differential actions on biological targets are not understood. PCB 95 (2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl), a chiral PCB of current environmental relevance, is among the most potent toward modifying ryanodine receptors (RyR) function and Ca2+ signaling. PCB 95 enantiomers are separated and assigned aR- and aS-PCB 95 using three chiral-column HPLC and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Studies of RyR1-enriched microsomes show aR-PCB 95 with >4× greater potency (EC50 = 0.20 ± 0.05 μM), ∼ 1.3× higher efficacy (Bmax = 3.74 ± 0.07 μM) in [3H]Ryanodine-binding and >3× greater rates (R = 7.72 ± 0.31 nmol/sec/mg) of Ca2+ efflux compared with aS-PCB 95, whereas racemate has intermediate activity. aR-PCB 95 has modest selectivity for RyR2, and lower potency than racemate toward the RyR isoform mixture in brain membranes. Chronic exposure of hippocampal neuronal networks to nanomolar PCB 95 during a critical developmental period shows divergent influences on synchronous Ca2+ oscillation (SCO): rac-PCB 95 increasing and aR-PCB 95 decreasing SCO frequency at 50 nM, although the latter's effects are nonmonotonic at higher concentration. aS-PCB95 shows the greatest influence on inhibiting responses to 20 Hz electrical pulse trains. Considering persistence of PCB 95 in the environment, stereoselectivity toward RyRs and developing neuronal networks may clarify health risks associated with enantioisomeric enrichment of PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California United States
| | - Jing Zheng
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California United States
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaëlle Robin
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California United States
| | - Yao Dong
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California United States
| | - Makoto Ichikawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Inoue
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Research Center for Environmental Preservation, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isaac N. Pessah
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California United States
- Corresponding Author Phone: +1-(530)-752-6696;
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Mechanochemical mineralization of "very persistent" fluorocarbon surfactants ‒ 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2FTS) as an example. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17180. [PMID: 29215057 PMCID: PMC5719435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated organic chemicals have a wide variety of industrial and consumer applications. For long time perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid have been used as precursors for manufacture of such chemicals. However, these C8 chain compounds have been demonstrated to be toxic, persistent, and bioaccumulative, thus inducing their phase-out. Currently, C6 telomer based fluorocarbon surfactants are considered better alternatives to C8 products because of their low bioaccumulability. But, their high persistency suggests that in the near future their concentrations will increase in the environment and in industrial waste. Being a solid state non-thermal technology, mechanochemical treatment is a good candidate for the destruction of emerging C6 fluorotelomers in solid waste. In the present study, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate is effectively destroyed (~100%) in rapid manner (<1 h) by high energy ball milling with KOH. Stoichiometric fluoride formation confirms its entire mineralization, assuring that no toxic by-products are generated. Reaction mechanism and kinetics indicate that effective mineralization of the perfluorinated moiety is obtained thanks to a rapid CF2 "flake-off" process through radical mechanism.
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Karandrea S, Yin H, Liang X, Heart EA. BDE-47 and BDE-85 stimulate insulin secretion in INS-1 832/13 pancreatic β-cells through the thyroid receptor and Akt. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:29-34. [PMID: 28869857 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) are environmental pollutants that have been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes, however, the precise mechanisms are not clear. Particularly, their direct effect on insulin secretion is unknown. In this study, we show that two PBDE congeners, BDE-47 and BDE-85, potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in INS-1 832/13 cells. This effect of BDE-47 and BDE-85 on GSIS was dependent on thyroid receptor (TR). Both BDE-47 and BDE-85 (10μM) activated Akt during an acute exposure. The activation of Akt by BDE-47 and BDE-85 plays a role in their potentiation of GSIS, as pharmacological inhibition of PI3K, an upstream activator of Akt, significantly lowers GSIS compared to compounds alone. This study shows that BDE-47 and BDE-85 directly act on pancreatic β-cells to stimulate GSIS, and that this effect is mediated by the thyroid receptor (TR) and Akt activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shpetim Karandrea
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Huquan Yin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Xiaomei Liang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Emma A Heart
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States.
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Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Cequier E, Thomsen C. Phthalate metabolites in Norwegian mothers and children: Levels, diurnal variation and use of personal care products. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:1984-1992. [PMID: 28558421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to phthalates has been associated with reproductive and developmental toxicity. Data on levels of these compounds in the Norwegian population is limited. In this study, urine samples were collected from 48 mothers and their children in two counties in Norway. Eleven different phthalate metabolites originating from six commonly used phthalates in consumer products were determined. Concentrations of phthalate metabolites were significantly higher in children compared to mothers except for mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP). The mothers provided several urine samples during 24hours (h) and diurnal variation showed that the concentrations in the morning urine samples (24-8h) were significantly higher than at other time-periods for most of the phthalate metabolites. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for 24-hour time-period were in the range of 0.49-0.81. These moderate to high ICCs indicate that one spot urine sample can be used to estimate the exposure to phthalates. Since a significant effect of time of day was observed, it is still advisable to standardize the collection time point to reduce the variation. For the mothers, the use of personal care products (PCPs) were less associated with morning urine samples than early day (8-12h) and evening (16-24h) urine samples. The use of perfume and hair products were positively associated with the urinary concentrations of low molecular weight phthalates. Use of shower soap and shampoo were positively associated with urinary concentration of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. For children, face cream use was positively associated with phthalate metabolites in the morning samples, and hand soap use was negatively associated with concentration of urinary DEHP metabolites in afternoon/evening samples. Since different PCPs were associated with the urinary phthalate metabolites in different time-periods during a day, more than one spot urine sample might be required to study associations between urinary phthalate metabolites and the use of PCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Kaur Sakhi
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Azemira Sabaredzovic
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Enrique Cequier
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway
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Manzetti S. Bonding of Butylparaben, Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate, and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid to DNA: Comparison with Benzo[a]pyrene Shows Low Probability for Strong Noncovalent DNA Intercalation. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 31:22-36. [PMID: 29185724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parabens, phthalates, and perfluorinated compounds are pollutant compounds used in cosmetics, plastics, and fire-fighting foams. All three compounds have been studied over several years for toxicity mechanism; however, a clear view of their ability to bind to DNA has not been supplied empirically. In this work, a simulation study is done to reveal the interaction of three of these pollutants, bis(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), butylparaben (BPRB), and the protonated form of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS(H)), with DNA. The results show that the DEHP, PFOS(H), and BPRB bind with a probability of 1/5 to DNA, with respective bonding energies -23.96 kJ/mol (PFOS(H)), -94.92 kJ/mol (BPRB), and -216.52 kJ/mol (DEHP). The positive control, benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BAP), which is known for its notorious DNA intercalation, binds at a rate of 3/5 simulations, with bonding energies of -6544.52, -7034.66, and -7578.67 kJ/mol. The results are compared to empirical studies and conclusively show that all these pollutants can interfere with transcription and DNA related mechanisms by forming noncovalent interactions with DNA. The results show also that these pollutants are unlikely to undergo strong noncovalent intercalation to DNA, such as BAP, and do not possess the frontier orbital profiles to undergo adduct formation. After many years of research and several unanswered questions on the action of these pollutants on DNA, a calculation on their properties hence to the DNA confirms that there is a low probability for these to undergo a strong intercalation with DNA. Literature shows however that the pollutants are strongly interfering with the protein machinery and receptors on the cell surface and are therefore still priority pollutants for ecotoxicity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Manzetti
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Computational Ecotoxicity Group, Uppsala University , Husargatan 3, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.,Fjordforsk AS, Midtun 155, 6894 Vangsnes, Norway
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40
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Loredana S, Graziano P, Antonio M, Carlotta NM, Caterina L, Maria AA, Carlo Z, Giuseppe C, Pietro A. Lindane Bioremediation Capability of Bacteria Associated with the Demosponge Hymeniacidon perlevis. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15040108. [PMID: 28383507 PMCID: PMC5408254 DOI: 10.3390/md15040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lindane is an organochlorine pesticide belonging to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that has been widely used to treat agricultural pests. It is of particular concern because of its toxicity, persistence and tendency to bioaccumulate in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In this context, we assessed the role of bacteria associated with the sponge Hymeniacidon perlevis in lindane degradation. Seven bacteria isolates were characterized and identified. These isolates showed a remarkable capacity to utilize lindane as a sole carbon source leading to a percentage of residual lindane ranging from 3% to 13% after 12 days of incubation with the pesticide. The lindane metabolite, 1,3–6-pentachloro-cyclohexene, was identified as result of lindane degradation and determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The bacteria capable of lindane degradation were identified on the basis of the phenotypic characterization by morphological, biochemical and cultural tests, completed with 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and assigned to Mameliella phaeodactyli, Pseudovibrioascidiaceicola, Oceanicaulis stylophorae, Ruegeria atlantica and to three new uncharacterized species. The results obtained are a prelude to the development of future strategies for the in situ bioremediation of lindane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stabili Loredana
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Unità Operativa di Supporto di Taranto, CNR, Via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Pizzolante Graziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Morgante Antonio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Nonnis Marzano Carlotta
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Roma, Italy.
| | - Longo Caterina
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Roma, Italy.
| | | | - Zambonin Carlo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Corriero Giuseppe
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Roma, Italy.
| | - Alifano Pietro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Hu LY, Niu CG, Wang XY, Huang DW, Zhang L, Zeng GM. Magnetic separate "turn-on" fluorescent biosensor for Bisphenol A based on magnetic oxidation graphene. Talanta 2017; 168:196-202. [PMID: 28391842 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly considered to cause a health hazard to wildlife and humans, acting as an exogenous estrogen. Herein, a magnetic separate "turn-on" fluorescent method for the detection of BPA was proposed based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between fluorescein-labeled BPA aptamer and magnetic oxidation graphene (MGO). At different concentrations of BPA, the fluorescence intensity of the sensing system was varied. The detection limit of 0.071ng/mL was obtained with the linear range of 0.2-10ng/mL. The biosensor exhibited excellent anti-interference ability and selectivity in actual water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Yin Hu
- College of Environmental Science Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Cheng-Gang Niu
- College of Environmental Science Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- College of Environmental Science Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Da-Wei Huang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of PRC, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guang-Ming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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42
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Fortes Carvalho Neta RN, Barbosa GL, Torres HS, Pinheiro Sousa DB, Castro JDS, Santos DMS, Tchaicka L, Almeida ZDSD, Teixeira EG, Torres AR. Changes in Glutathione S-Transferase Activity and Parental Care Patterns in a Catfish (Pisces, Ariidae) as a Biomarker of Anthropogenic Impact in a Brazilian Harbor. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 72:132-141. [PMID: 27864585 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-016-0326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Catfish have been used as a model system for studying biochemical mechanisms of biotransformation. The main goal of this study was to identify alterations in hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and changes in the parental care pattern of a mouth-brooding catfish, Sciades herzbergii, as a biomarker of anthropogenic impact in a port area on the northeastern coast of Brazil. The fish were sampled from a natural reserve (A1 = reference site) and from an industrialized port area (A2 = impacted site). Two analyses were carried out: hepatic GST activity and mouth-brooding behavior of males. Catfish collected from the A1 site displayed all stages of gonadal maturation, and some of the adult males were mouth brooding 12-30 embryos. Not all gonadal maturation stages of the catfish were represented at the A2 site, and no mouth-brooding males were observed. GST activity in the liver of S. herzbergii was significantly higher in fish from the impacted site compared with fish from the reference site. Values for the enzymatic activity increased progressively in fish sampled from the reserve area as they became more reproductively mature (immature ≤ maturing ≤ mature ≤ spent). However, the greatest values for GST activity (2.84 ± 0.31 μmol min-1 mg protein-1) among fish sampled from the impacted area were found in (immature) juveniles. These data suggest that changes in hepatic GST activity and mouth-brooding behavior of S. herzbergii can be used as biomarkers of anthropogenic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunda Nonata Fortes Carvalho Neta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, Caixa Postal 9, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Biomarkers in Aquatic Organisms (LABOAq), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil.
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil.
- Master Programa in Oceanography, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Campus Dom Delgado, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
| | - Gleyciane Lobato Barbosa
- Laboratory of Biomarkers in Aquatic Organisms (LABOAq), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Hetty Salvino Torres
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Débora Batista Pinheiro Sousa
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Jonatas da Silva Castro
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Débora Martins Silva Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, Caixa Postal 9, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Lígia Tchaicka
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, Caixa Postal 9, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Zafira da Silva de Almeida
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, Caixa Postal 9, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Erivania Gomes Teixeira
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
| | - Audalio Rebelo Torres
- Master Program of Aquatic Resources and Fisheries (PPGRAP), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luís, Maranhão, 65000-000, Brazil
- Master Programa in Oceanography, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Campus Dom Delgado, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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43
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Faxneld S, Berger U, Helander B, Danielsson S, Miller A, Nyberg E, Persson JO, Bignert A. Temporal Trends and Geographical Differences of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Baltic Sea Herring and White-Tailed Sea Eagle Eggs in Sweden. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:13070-13079. [PMID: 27775331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Temporal and spatial trends of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were investigated in Baltic Sea herring liver (Clupea harengus) from three sites, and white-tailed sea eagle (WTSE) eggs (Haliaeetus albicilla) from two freshwater and two marine areas in Sweden. Trends of most quantifiable PFAAs increased over the monitored period (1980-2014 in herring, 1960s/1980s-2010 in WTSE). No significant decreasing trends were observed for the most recent ten years for any substances, except perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA). Concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonic acids (PFOS) in herring showed a distinct decreasing spatial trend moving from the more southern site toward the more northern site, indicating main input of PFOS into the southern Baltic Sea. For WTSE, PFOS concentration was higher in the marine compared to the freshwater environment, explained by the cumulative historic contamination of the Baltic Sea. Similarly, concentrations in WTSE were lower in the northern part of the Baltic Sea compared to further south. Concentrations of PFUnDA, representing long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), showed a more homogeneous spatial distribution compared to PFOS for both herring and WTSE, indicating that atmospheric inputs (via precursors) of the long-chain PFCAs are important contributors in the study areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Faxneld
- Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History , Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Urs Berger
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ , DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Björn Helander
- Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History , Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Danielsson
- Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History , Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aroha Miller
- Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History , Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Nyberg
- Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History , Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan-Olov Persson
- Department of Mathematics, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Bignert
- Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History , Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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Singh P, Ojha A, Borthakur A, Singh R, Lahiry D, Tiwary D, Mishra PK. Emerging trends in photodegradation of petrochemical wastes: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:22340-22364. [PMID: 27566154 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Various human activities like mining and extraction of mineral oils have been used for the modernization of society and well-beings. However, the by-products such as petrochemical wastes generated from such industries are carcinogenic and toxic, which had increased environmental pollution and risks to human health several folds. Various methods such as physical, chemical and biological methods have been used to degrade these pollutants from wastewater. Advance oxidation processes (AOPs) are evolving techniques for efficient sequestration of chemically stable and less biodegradable organic pollutants. In the present review, photocatalytic degradation of petrochemical wastes containing monoaromatic and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons has been studied using various heterogeneous photocatalysts (such as TiO2, ZnO and CdS. The present article seeks to offer a scientific and technical overview of the current trend in the use of the photocatalyst for remediation and degradation of petrochemical waste depending upon the recent advances in photodegradation of petrochemical research using bibliometric analysis. We further outlined the effect of various heterogeneous catalysts and their ecotoxicity, various degradation pathways of petrochemical wastes, the key regulatory parameters and the reactors used. A critical analysis of the available literature revealed that TiO2 is widely reported in the degradation processes along with other semiconductors/nanomaterials in visible and UV light irradiation. Further, various degradation studies have been carried out at laboratory scale in the presence of UV light. However, further elaborative research is needed for successful application of the laboratory scale techniques to pilot-scale operation and to develop environmental friendly catalysts which support the sustainable treatment technology with the "zero concept" of industrial wastewater. Nevertheless, there is a need to develop more effective methods which consume less energy and are more efficient in pilot scale for the demineralization of pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India.
- Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110068, India.
| | - Ankita Ojha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anwesha Borthakur
- Centre for Studies in Science Policy, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rishikesh Singh
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development (IESD), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - D Lahiry
- Rajghat Education Centre, KFI, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Dhanesh Tiwary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
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45
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Jenardhanan P, Panneerselvam M, Mathur PP. Effect of environmental contaminants on spermatogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 59:126-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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Mitro SD, Dodson RE, Singla V, Adamkiewicz G, Elmi AF, Tilly MK, Zota AR. Consumer Product Chemicals in Indoor Dust: A Quantitative Meta-analysis of U.S. Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10661-10672. [PMID: 27623734 PMCID: PMC5052660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Indoor dust is a reservoir for commercial consumer product chemicals, including many compounds with known or suspected health effects. However, most dust exposure studies measure few chemicals in small samples. We systematically searched the U.S. indoor dust literature on phthalates, replacement flame retardants (RFRs), perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), synthetic fragrances, and environmental phenols and estimated pooled geometric means (GMs) and 95% confidence intervals for 45 chemicals measured in ≥3 data sets. In order to rank and contextualize these results, we used the pooled GMs to calculate residential intake from dust ingestion, inhalation, and dermal uptake from air, and then identified hazard traits from the Safer Consumer Products Candidate Chemical List. Our results indicate that U.S. indoor dust consistently contains chemicals from multiple classes. Phthalates occurred in the highest concentrations, followed by phenols, RFRs, fragrance, and PFASs. Several phthalates and RFRs had the highest residential intakes. We also found that many chemicals in dust share hazard traits such as reproductive and endocrine toxicity. We offer recommendations to maximize comparability of studies and advance indoor exposure science. This information is critical in shaping future exposure and health studies, especially related to cumulative exposures, and in providing evidence for intervention development and public policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna D. Mitro
- Milken
Institute School of Public Health, George
Washington University, Washington,
D.C. 20052, United States
| | | | - Veena Singla
- Health
and Environment Program, Natural Resources
Defense Council, San Francisco, California 94104, United States
| | - Gary Adamkiewicz
- Harvard T. H.
Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Angelo F. Elmi
- Milken
Institute School of Public Health, George
Washington University, Washington,
D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Monica K. Tilly
- Health
and Environment Program, Natural Resources
Defense Council, San Francisco, California 94104, United States
- Occupational
and Environmental Medicine Program, University
of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Ami R. Zota
- Milken
Institute School of Public Health, George
Washington University, Washington,
D.C. 20052, United States
- Phone: (202) 994-9289; fax: 2052-994-0082; e-mail:
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47
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Ghahremanpour MM, van Maaren PJ, Ditz JC, Lindh R, van der Spoel D. Large-scale calculations of gas phase thermochemistry: Enthalpy of formation, standard entropy, and heat capacity. J Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4962627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Ghahremanpour
- Uppsala Centre for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul J. van Maaren
- Uppsala Centre for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas C. Ditz
- Uppsala Centre for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roland Lindh
- Uppsala Centre for Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry at Ångström, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David van der Spoel
- Uppsala Centre for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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48
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Yildirim A, Zhang J, Manzetti S, van der Spoel D. Binding of Pollutants to Biomolecules: A Simulation Study. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1679-1688. [PMID: 27603112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A number of cases around the world have been reported where animals were found dead or dying with symptoms resembling a thiamine (vitamin B) deficiency, and for some of these, a link to pollutants has been suggested. Here, we investigate whether biomolecules involved in thiamin binding and transport could be blocked by a range of different pollutants. We used in silico docking of five compound classes (25 compounds in total) to each of five targets (prion protein, ECF-type ABC transporter, thi-box riboswitch receptor, thiamin pyrophosphokinase, and YKoF protein) and subsequently performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to assess the stability of the complexes. The compound classes were thiamin analogues (control), pesticides, veterinary medicines, polychlorinated biphenyls, and dioxins, all of which are prevalent in the environment to some extent. A few anthropogenic compounds were found to bind the ECF-type ABC transporter, but none binds stably to prion protein. For the riboswitch, most compounds remained in their binding pockets during 50 ns of MD simulation, indicating that RNA provides a promiscuous binding site. In both YKoF and thiamin pyrophosphokinase (TPK), most compounds remain tightly bound. However, TPK biomolecules undergo pollutant-induced conformational changes. Although most compounds are found to bind to some of these targets, a larger data set is needed along with more quantitative methods like free energy perturbation calculations before firm conclusions can be drawn. This study is in part a test bed for large-scale quantitative computational screening of interactions between biological entities and pollutant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Yildirim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Art, Siirt University , 56100 Siirt, Turkey.,Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University , Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jin Zhang
- Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University , Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sergio Manzetti
- Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University , Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David van der Spoel
- Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University , Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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49
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Foster WG, Evans JA, Little J, Arbour L, Moore A, Sauve R, Andrés León J, Luo W. Human exposure to environmental contaminants and congenital anomalies: a critical review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 47:59-84. [PMID: 27685638 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2016.1211090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital anomalies are an important cause of infant mortality and disability. Developmental exposure to environmental contaminants is thought to increase the risk for congenital anomalies. Herein, we describe a critical review of the literature conducted between February and March 2014 yielding 3057 references from which 97 unique relevant articles published from 2003 through 2014 were evaluated. Common congenital anomalies including hypospadias, cryptorchidism, anogenital distance (AGD), congenital heart defects and oral clefts were well represented in the literature whereas other outcomes such as neural tube defects, limb deficiency defects and gastroschisis were rarely described. While definitions used for congenital anomalies and methods of ascertainment were usually consistent across studies, inconsistencies were frequently found in grouping of different congenital heart defects. Despite strong links between some congenital anomalies and parental occupation, these studies are unable to provide clear insight into the specific chemicals responsible owing to lack of direct measures of exposure. In comparison, data are mixed for contaminant exposures at concentrations representative of results from contemporary biomonitoring studies. Of the environmental contaminants studied, the association between phthalate exposures and developmental abnormalities of the male reproductive tract received the greatest attention. Important limitations of the literature studied relate to adequacy of sample size, absence of or weaknesses in exposure assessment methodologies, failure to account for biological plausibility and grouping of congenital anomalies with divergent mechanisms. We conclude that the literature is inadequate at this time to support a conclusion that exposure to environmental contaminants are or are not associated with increased risks for congenital anomalies in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren G Foster
- a Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
| | - Jane A Evans
- b Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada
| | - Julian Little
- c School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
| | - Laura Arbour
- d Department of Medical Genetics , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Aideen Moore
- e Department of Paediatrics , University of Toronto and the Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Reg Sauve
- f Department of Community Health Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada
| | - Juan Andrés León
- g Maternal, Child and Youth Health Surveillance and Epidemiology Division , Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
| | - Wei Luo
- g Maternal, Child and Youth Health Surveillance and Epidemiology Division , Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
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Cagnetta G, Robertson J, Huang J, Zhang K, Yu G. Mechanochemical destruction of halogenated organic pollutants: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 313:85-102. [PMID: 27054668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Many tons of intentionally produced obsolete halogenated persistent organic pollutants (POPs), are stored worldwide in stockpiles, often in an unsafe manner. These are a serious threat to the environment and to human health due to their ability to migrate and accumulate in the biosphere. New technologies, alternatives to combustion, are required to destroy these substances, hopefully to their complete mineralization. In the last 20 years mechanochemical destruction has shown potential to achieve pollutant degradation, both of the pure substances and in contaminated soils. This capability has been tested for many halogenated pollutants, with various reagents, and under different milling conditions. In the present paper, a review of the published work in this field is followed by a critique of the state of the art of POPs mechanochemical destruction and its applicability to full-scale halogenated waste treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cagnetta
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - John Robertson
- School of Applied Sciences, AUT University, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Kunlun Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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