1
|
Song L, Mi S, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Wang H, Li W, Wang J, Zu W, Du H. Integrated virtual screening and in vitro studies for exploring the mechanism of triterpenoids in Chebulae Fructus alleviating mesaconitine-induced cardiotoxicity via TRPV1 channel. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1367682. [PMID: 38500766 PMCID: PMC10945000 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1367682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: In traditional Mongolian or Tibetan medicine in China, Chebulae Fructus (CF) is widely used to process or combine with aconitums to decrease the severe toxicity of aconitums. Researches in this area have predominantly focused on tannins, with few research on other major CF components for cardiotoxicity mitigation. The present study aimed to clarify whether triterpenoids can attenuate the cardiotoxicity caused by mesaconitine (MA) and investigate the mechanism of cardiotoxicity attenuation. Methods: Firstly, the pharmacophore model, molecular docking, and 3D-QSAR model were used to explore the mechanism of CF components in reducing the toxicity of MA mediated by the TRPV1 channel. Then three triterpenoids were selected to verify whether the triterpenoids had the effect of lowering the cardiotoxicity of MA using H9c2 cells combined with MTT, Hoechst 33258, and JC-1. Finally, Western blot, Fluo-3AM, and MTT assays combined with capsazepine were used to verify whether the triterpenoids reduced H9c2 cardiomyocyte toxicity induced by MA was related to the TRPV1 channel. Results: Seven triterpenoids in CF have the potential to activate the TRPV1 channel. And they exhibited greater affinity for TRPV1 compared to other compounds and MA. However, their activity was relatively lower than that of MA. Cell experiments revealed that MA significantly reduced H9c2 cell viability, resulting in diminished mitochondrial membrane potential and nuclear pyknosis and damage. In contrast, the triterpenoids could improve the survival rate significantly and counteract the damage of MA to the cells. We found that MA, arjungenin (AR), and maslinic acid (MSA) except corosolic acid (CRA) upregulated the expression of TRPV1 protein. MA induced a significant influx of calcium, whereas all three triterpenoids alleviated this trend. Blocking the TRPV1 channel with capsazepine only increased the cell viability that had been simultaneously treated with MA, and AR, or MSA. However, there was no significant difference in the CRA groups treated with or without capsazepine. Conclusion: The triterpenoids in CF can reduce the cardiotoxicity caused by MA. The MSA and AR function as TRPV1 agonists with comparatively reduced activity but a greater capacity to bind to TRPV1 receptors, thus antagonizing the excessive activation of TRPV1 by MA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lynda EO, Kingsley NE, Obukohwo OM, Benneth BA, Victor E, Simon OI, Agbonifo-Chijiokwu E, Oghenetega OB. Arjunolic acid reverses fluoxetine-induced alterations in testicular steroidogenic enzymes and membrane bound ionic pump imbalance through suppression of oxido-inflammatory stress and apoptosis. JBRA Assist Reprod 2024; 28:66-77. [PMID: 37962970 PMCID: PMC10936923 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20230062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the anti-depressant therapy on gonadal function has been recognized and discussed over the years. However, data to supplement our understanding of the impact of arjunolic acid (AA) therapies in protecting against FXT-induced gonadal dysfunction is lacking clear scientific evidence. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the possible effect of AA on fluoxetine-induced altered testicular function in rats. METHODS After 14 days acclimatization, Thirty-six (36) adult male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=6). Rats in groups 1 received normal saline (10mL/kg); groups 2 & 3 were given AA (1.0mg/kg body weight) and AA (2.0mg/kg body weight), respectively; whereas, rats in group 4 were given FXT (10mg/kg/p.o/day), and groups 5 & 6 were given a combination of FXT (10mg/kg) + AA (1.0mg/kg body weight); and FXT (10mg/kg) + AA (2.0mg/kg body weight), respectively. RESULTS The results shows that FXT significantly altered testicular steroidogenic enzymes (3ß-HSD and 17ß-HSD) and proton pump ATPase (Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase and H+ ATPase) activities, as well as testicular architecture when compared with controls. More so, FXT caused oxido-inflammation and apoptosis, as evidence by increases in MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1ß, Caspase 3 and p53. However, AA at a different dose significantly ameliorated the destructive impacts of FXT on steroidogenic enzymes, proton pump ATPase as well as increased Bcl-2, SOD, CAT, GSH and improved testicular architecture in rats. CONCLUSIONS AA reverses fluoxetine-induced alterations in testicular steroidogenic enzymes and membrane-bound ionic pump through suppression of oxido-inflammatory stress and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edozie Ojochem Lynda
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science,
Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Nwangwa Eze Kingsley
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science,
Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | | | - Ben-Azu Benneth
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Delta
State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Emojevvwe Victor
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Medical Sciences,
Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Ovuakporaye I. Simon
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science,
Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Ejime Agbonifo-Chijiokwu
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science,
Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Onome B. Oghenetega
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Babcock
University, Illisan-Romo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hasan MM, Madhavan P, Ahmad Noruddin NA, Lau WK, Ahmed QU, Arya A, Zakaria ZA. Cardioprotective effects of arjunolic acid in LPS-stimulated H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes via the My88-dependent TLR4 signaling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1135-1151. [PMID: 37497554 PMCID: PMC10375937 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2230251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Arjunolic acid (AA) is a triterpenoid saponin found in Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (Combretaceae). It exerts cardiovascular protective effects as a phytomedicine. However, it is unclear how AA exerts the effects at the molecular level. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the cardioprotective effects of arjunolic acid (AA) via MyD88-dependant TLR4 downstream signaling marker expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MTT viability assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of AA. LPS induced in vitro cardiovascular disease model was developed in H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes. The treatment groups were designed such as control (untreated), LPS control, positive control (LPS + pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC)-25 µM), and treatment groups were co-treated with LPS and three concentrations of AA (50, 75, and 100 µM) for 24 h. The changes in the expression of TLR4 downstream signaling markers were evaluated through High Content Screening (HCS) and Western Blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS After 24 h of co-treatment, the expression of TLR4, MyD88, MAPK, JNK, and NF-κB markers were upregulated significantly (2-6 times) in the LPS-treated groups compared to the untreated control in both HCS and WB experiments. Evidently, the HCS analysis revealed that MyD88, NF-κB, p38, and JNK were significantly downregulated in the H9C2 myotube in the AA treated groups. In HCS, the expression of NF-κB was downregulated in C2C12. Additionally, TLR4 expression was downregulated in both H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes in the WB experiment. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS TLR4 marker expression in H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes was subsequently decreased by AA treatment, suggesting possible cardioprotective effects of AA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahmudul Hasan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Priya Madhavan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Nur Adelina Ahmad Noruddin
- National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Wai Kwan Lau
- National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Drug Discovery and Synthetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Aditya Arya
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Serdang, Malaysia
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Borneo Research for Algesia, Inflammation and Neurodegeneration (BRAIN) Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Boeing T, Reis Lívero FAD, de Souza P, de Almeida DAT, Donadel G, Lourenço ELB, Gasparotto Junior A. Natural Products as Modulators of Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Associated with Cardiovascular Diseases: Advances and Opportunities. J Med Food 2023; 26:279-298. [PMID: 37186894 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria have an important role in modulating cell cycle progression, cell survival, and apoptosis. In the adult heart, the cardiac mitochondria have a unique spatial arrangement and occupy nearly one-third the volume of a cardiomyocyte, being highly efficient for converting the products of glucose or fatty acid metabolism into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In cardiomyocytes, the decline of mitochondrial function reduces ATP generation and increases the production of reactive oxygen species, which generates impaired heart function. This is because mitochondria play a key role in maintaining cytosolic calcium concentration and modulation of muscle contraction, as ATP is required to dissociate actin from myosin. Beyond that, mitochondria have a significant role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis because it is evident that patients who have cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have increased mitochondrial DNA damage to the heart and aorta. Many studies have shown that natural products have mitochondria-modulating effects in cardiac diseases, determining them as potential candidates for new medicines. This review outlines the leading plant secondary metabolites and natural compounds derived from microorganisms as modulators of mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaise Boeing
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research Nucleus, University of Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research Nucleus, University of Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Danielle Ayr Tavares de Almeida
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Donadel
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arumugam GS, Sen A, Dash SS, Mitra K, Doble M, Rajaraman G, Gummadi SN. Arjunetin as a promising drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2: molecular dynamics simulation studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:12358-12379. [PMID: 34533107 PMCID: PMC8459932 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1970627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Stem and bark of the tree Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn. (Combretaceae) has been documented to exhibit therapeutic properties like cardiotonic, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, hypercholesterolemia, hypolipidemic, and anti-coagulant. Our previous studies have shown that, ethanolic extract of T. arjuna bark exhibits radical scavenging anti-oxidant activity and also effectively inhibited catalase activity. In this study, oleanane triterpenoids type compounds viz., oleanolic acid, arjunolic acid, arjunolitin, arjunetin were isolated from ethanolic bark extract as bio-active compound and their structures were elucidated using 1H, 13C NMR, HR-ESIMS, IR. Of the various compounds, Arjunetin showed significant inhibition of catalase activity as compared to the other compounds. Based on the structural similarity between arjunetin and current antiviral drugs, we propose that arjunetin might exhibit antiviral activity. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies showed that arjunetin binds to the binds to key targets of SARS-CoV-2 namely, 3CLpro, PLpro, and RdRp) with a higher binding energy values (3CLpro, -8.4 kcal/mol; PLpro, -7.6 kcal/mol and RdRp, -8.1 kcal/mol) as compared with FDA approved protease inhibitor drugs to Lopinavir (3CLpro, -7.2 kcal/mole and PLpro -7.7 kcal/mole) and Remdesivir (RdRp -7.6 kcal/mole). To further investigate this, we performed 200-500 ns molecular dynamics simulation studies. The results transpired that the binding affinity of Arjunetin is higher than Remdesivir in the RNA binding cavity of RdRp. Based on structural similarity between arjunetin and Saikosaponin (a known antiviral agents) and based on our molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies, we propose that arjunetin can be a promising drug candidate against Covid-19.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gandarvakottai Senthilkumar Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Asmita Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Modelling Group (MMG), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Swati S. Dash
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kartik Mitra
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Drug Design Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Drug Design Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Modelling Group (MMG), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India,Rajaraman Gopalan Department of Chemistry, Molecular Modelling Group (MMG), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Sathyanarayana N. Gummadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India,CONTACT Sathyanarayana N. Gummadi Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Clinical and Safety Evaluation of Liv.52 in Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Review. GASTROENTEROLOGY INSIGHTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has been a growing concern in developed and developing nations. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are the most common cause of the development and progression of ALD. Due to paucity in the number and efficacy of hepatoprotective drugs currently available, and with the easy availability of natural therapy and herbal medicines, ALD is managed using a combination of pharmaceutical interventions and herbal medications. However, the effectiveness of these hepatoprotectives is controversial. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that Liv.52 modulates the lipotropic activity of hepatocytes, reduces inflammation, enhances alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism, and protects the hepatic parenchyma by restoring the antioxidant levels of hepatocytes. Clinical studies further support that there is improvement in the subjective symptoms of patients as well as improvements in liver function test parameters. Studies suggest that Liv.52 is well tolerated and has no reported side effects.
Collapse
|
7
|
Elsawy H, Almalki M, Elmenshawy O, Abdel-Moneim A. In vivo evaluation of the protective effects of arjunolic acid against lipopolysaccharide-induced septic myocardial injury. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12986. [PMID: 35190789 PMCID: PMC8857905 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a glycolipid component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, which induces multiple organ dysfunctions, eventually leading to septic shock and death. Arjunolic acid (AA) has been shown to have therapeutic benefits against various organ pathophysiologies, although its role in sepsis remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of AA on LPS-induced free radical production and cardiotoxicity. Male albino mice were allocated to four groups: normal, 1.5 µg/30 g b.w. of LPS (LPS), 20 mg/kg b.w. AA with LPS (AA+LPS) and 20 mg/kg b.w. of AA (AA). Subsequently, blood and heart samples were harvested for biochemical and histopathological examinations. Pretreatment with AA attenuated LPS-induced increased serum levels of cardiac troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. In the meantime, AA pretreatment before LPS resulted in a significant increase in endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione) and a significant decrease in the level of lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde) in the heart as compared to the LPS group, while cardiac cytochrome c activity were significantly increased. In addition, in the AA-pretreated mice, C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokines (interlukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) were significantly reduced, and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4 and -10) were significantly increased in cardiac tissues as compared to the LPS-treated animals. Furthermore, prior administration of AA to LPS exposed mice led to a significant a significant decrease in heart caspase-3, -8, and -9 as compared to the LPS group. Interestingly, AA was also able to improve LPS-induced histopathological changes in the cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, these in vivo findings indicate that AA may be a promising cardioprotective agent against LPS-stimulated cardiotoxicity, at least in part, through upregulation of cardiac antioxidants, reduction of lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of inflammation and cardiac cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany Elsawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Elmenshawy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Abdel-Moneim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hamdan DI, Hafez SS, Hassan WHB, Morsi MM, Khalil HMA, Ahmed YH, Ahmed-Farid OA, El-Shiekh RA. Chemical profiles with cardioprotective and anti-depressive effects of Morus macroura Miq. leaves and stem branches dichloromethane fractions on isoprenaline induced post-MI depression. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3476-3493. [PMID: 35425386 PMCID: PMC8979319 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08320a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore the potential cardioprotective and anti-depressive effects of dichloromethane (DCM) fractions of Morus macroura leaves (L) and stem branches (S) on post-myocardial infarction (MI) depression induced by isoprenaline (ISO) in rats in relation to their metabolites. The study was propped with a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiling and chromatographic isolation of the secondary metabolites. Column chromatography revealed the isolation of lupeol palmitate (6) that was isolated for the first time from nature with eight known compounds. In addition, more than forty metabolites belonging, mainly to flavonoids, and anthocyanins groups were identified. The rats were injected with ISO (85 mg kg−1, s.c) in the first two days, followed by the administration of M. macroura DCM-L and DCM-S fractions (200 mg kg−1 p.o) for 19 days. Compared with the ISO exposed rats, the treated rats displayed a reduction in cardiac biomarkers (LDH and CKMB), anxiety, and depressive-like behaviour associated with an increase in the brain defense system (SOD and GSH), neuronal cell energy, GABA, serotonin, and dopamine, confirmed by histopathological investigations. In conclusion, DCM-L and DCM-S fractions' cardioprotective and anti-depressive activities are attributed to their metabolite profile. Therefore, they could serve as a potential agent in amending post-MI depression. This study was conducted to explore the potential cardioprotective and anti-depressive effects of dichloromethane fractions of Morus macroura leaves and stem branches on post-myocardial infarction depression induced by isoprenaline in rats in relation to their metabolites.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia I Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University Shibin Elkom 32511 Egypt
| | - Samia S Hafez
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Wafaa H B Hassan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Mai M Morsi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Heba M A Khalil
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University Giza 12211 Egypt +201013666331
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University Giza 12211 Egypt
| | - Omar A Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research Giza Egypt
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El Aini St. Cairo 11562 Egypt +201064763764
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Y, Wei S, Zhang B, Li W. Recent Progress in Environmental Toxins-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Protective Potential of Natural Products. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:699193. [PMID: 34305607 PMCID: PMC8296636 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.699193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are unconsciously exposed to environmental toxins including heavy metals as well as various pesticides, which have deleterious effects on human health. Accumulating studies pointed out that exposure to environmental toxins was associated with various cardiopathologic effects. This review summarizes the main mechanisms of cardiotoxicity induced by environmental toxins (cadmium, arsenic and pesticides) and discusses the potential preventive effects of natural products. These findings will provide a theoretical basis and novel agents for the prevention and treatment of environmental toxins-induced cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, the limitations of current studies, future needs and priorities are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanying Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Srivastava G, Garg A, Misra RC, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. Transcriptome analysis and functional characterization of oxidosqualene cyclases of the arjuna triterpene saponin pathway. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 292:110382. [PMID: 32005387 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) tree has been popular in Indian traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular ailments. The tree accumulates bioactive triterpene glycosides (saponins) and aglycones (sapogenins), in a tissue-preferential manner. Oleanane triterpenes/saponins (derived from β-amyrin) with potential cardioprotective function predominantly accumulate in the bark. However, arjuna triterpene saponin pathway enzymes remain to be identified and biochemically characterized. Here, we employed a combined transcriptomics, metabolomics and biochemical approach to functionally define a suite of oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) that catalyzed key reactions towards triterpene scaffold diversification. De novo assembly of 131 millions Illumina NextSeq500 sequencing reads obtained from leaf and stem bark samples led to a total of 156,650 reference transcripts. Four distinct OSCs (TaOSC1-4) with 54-71 % sequence identities were identified and functionally characterized. TaOSC1, TaOSC3 and TaOSC4 were biochemically characterized as β-amyrin synthase, cycloartenol synthase and lupeol synthase, respectively. However, TaOSC2 was found to be a multifunctional OSC producing both α-amyrin and β-amyrin, but showed a preference for α-amyrin product. Both TaOSC1 and TaOSC2 produced β-amyrin, the direct precursor for oleanane triterpene/saponin biosynthesis; but, TaOSC1 transcript expressed preferentially in bark, suggesting a major role of TaOSC1 in the biosynthesis of oleanane triterpenes/saponins in bark.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Srivastava
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Anchal Garg
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rajesh Chandra Misra
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Chemical Sciences Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Manna S, Dey A, Majumdar R, Bag BG, Ghosh C, Roy S. Self assembled arjunolic acid acts as a smart weapon against cancer through TNF- α mediated ROS generation. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03456. [PMID: 32140584 PMCID: PMC7052075 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Arjunolic acid (AA) a plant derived pentacyclic triterpenoid which showed effective anticancer activity against MCF-7 and HeLa cells as well as no significant toxic effect was observed against normal lymphocytes. In the current study the self assemble property of arjunolic acid gives an extra emphasis on anticancer activity which was proved by several fluorescence studies like ROS generation, EtBr/AO and DAPI staining. At a selected dose of 50μg/ml AA disrupt the redox balance inside the cancer cells by producing reactive oxygen species. The apoptotic event was mediated by two key regulator proteins TNF-α and NF-κß which was proved here. The increment of the pro-inflammatory cytokines indicates the ROS mediated pathway of cancer cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Manna
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Aditi Dey
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Rakhi Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Braja Gopal Bag
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandradipa Ghosh
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Somenath Roy
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The Terminalia laxiflora modulates the neurotoxicity induced by fipronil in male albino rats. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181363. [PMID: 30777931 PMCID: PMC6395302 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive use of fipronil (FPN) may trigger hazards to more than insects. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the abrogating role of Terminalia laxiflora (TL) methanol extract (TLE) against the neurotoxic effects provoked by FPN. Fourty male albino rats were assigned into four equal groups. The first group served as control, the second one was orally administered FPN (10.5 mg/kg BW), the third group was given combination of FPN and TLE) (100 mg/kg BW), and the fourth one was orally given TLE. Our findings highlighted the efficacy of TLE as a neuroprotectant through a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 25.8%, elevations of the reduced glutathione (GSH) level, catalase (CAT,) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities by 30.9, 41.2, and 48.2% respectively. Consequently, the relative mRNA levels of both Bax and caspase-3 were down-regulated by 40.54% and caspase-3 by 30.35% compared with the control group. Moreover, restoration of the pathological tissue injuries were detected. In conclusion, TLE proved to be a potent neuroprotective agent against the FPN-induced toxicity.
Collapse
|
13
|
Khatkar S, Nanda A, Ansari SH. Comparative Evaluation of Conventional and Novel Extracts of Stem Bark of Terminalia arjuna for Antihypertensive Activity in BSO Induced Oxidative Stress based Rat Model. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:157-167. [PMID: 30806310 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190222185209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terminalia arjuna (TA) has been reported and explored traditionally for its cardiotonic properties while the mechanism of antihypertensive effect of TA has not been clearly reported. METHOD The oxidative stress is a major cause for hypertension, hence different extracts of TA having variable marker yield were evaluated for their antihypertensive effect in buthionine sulfoxamine (BSO) induced oxidative stress based model. Soxhlet extraction (SE), room temperature extraction (RTE), microwave assisted extraction (MAE), and ultrasound assisted extraction (USAE) were quantitatively estimated for marker compounds arjunolic acid and arjunic acid through HPTLC. RESULTS The hypertension was induced using buthionine sulfoxamine (2 mmol/kg b.w. i.p.) and results suggested that the MAE and USAE showed better recovery of systolic blood pressure (110.33±0.10 and 118.33±0.10) and GSH level (3.62±0.07 nmoles/mL and 3.22±0.13 nmoles/mL), respectively as compared to the positive control group treated with ascorbic acid (Systolic BP: 119.67±0.10, GSH level: 3.11±0.10 nmoles/mL). The RTE and SE also showed a decrease in hypertension but were having moderate effect as compared with the standard positive control. CONCLUSION The total percentage yield, the yield of the marker compounds arjunolic and arjunic acid, the IC50 values for antioxidant activity as well as the antihypertensive effect were in order: MAE>USAE>SE>RTE that suggested the role of biomarkers arjunolic acid and arjunic acid in reversing the effect of buthionine sulfoxamine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Khatkar
- Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Rohtak, India
| | - Arun Nanda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jain PG, Mahajan UB, Shinde SD, Surana SJ. Cardioprotective role of FA against isoproterenol induced cardiac toxicity. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1357-1365. [PMID: 30105550 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of ferulic acid (FA) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Isoproterenol challenged in a dose of 85 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) subcutaneously for two consecutive days in the experimental group resulted in acute cardiac toxicity as evidenced by changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern and marked elevation of serum cardiac enzymes viz aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine kinase (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) also increases inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, acute toxicity effect was exhibited by disturbance in the antioxidant system as decrease in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) with the rise in activities of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Pre-treatment with FA at the increasing dose of (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 28 consecutive days followed by isoproterenol injection for 2 days significantly attenuated changes in serum cardiac enzymes. Furthermore, histopathological evaluation confirmed the restoration of cellular architecture in FA pretreated rats. The cardioprotective effect of FA was comparable with standard drug treatment metoprolol. Taken together, FA demonstrated cardioprotective effect against ISO-induced cardiac toxicity by normalization of serum cardiac biomarkers, alleviating oxidative stress and augmenting endogenous antioxidant system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj G Jain
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist-Dhule, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India.
| | - Umesh B Mahajan
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist-Dhule, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Sachin D Shinde
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist-Dhule, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Sanjay J Surana
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist-Dhule, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kalem IK, Bhat Z, Kumar S, Desai A. Terminalia arjuna : A novel natural preservative for improved lipid oxidative stability and storage quality of muscle foods. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
16
|
Rafe MR. A review of five traditionally used anti-diabetic plants of Bangladesh and their pharmacological activities. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:933-939. [PMID: 29111187 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are used traditionally throughout the globe to treat various diseases. Traditionally used medicinal plants are an essential part of the health sector in Bangladesh due to its abundance of a vast source of ethno-medicine. Rural people from developing country like Bangladesh are greatly dependent on traditional source of medicine. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing from recent years; therefore various researches are going on to discover better medicine to treat this disease. This study has focused on five plants which are Andrographis paniculata, Ageratum conyzoides, Swertia chirata, Terminalia arjuna, and Azadirachta indica to find out their traditional formulation as anti-diabetic medicine and their pharmacological activity has also been explored through literature search. The available information about traditional anti-diabetic uses of these plants and their pharmacological activities were collected from various electronic sources like Pubmed, SciFinder, Elsevier, Springer, Scopus, Scirus, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Web of Science apart from these locally available books and peer reviewed journal were also used to collect information. This study will help to strengthen the relation between traditional medicine, pharmacology and drug development. A clue may be found from the information provided this review to discover new and better anti-diabetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Rajdoula Rafe
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Akila P, Vennila L. Chlorogenic acid a dietary polyphenol attenuates isoproterenol induced myocardial oxidative stress in rat myocardium: An in vivo study. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:208-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
18
|
Lin Z, Wu ZF, Jiang CH, Zhang QW, Ouyang S, Che CT, Zhang J, Yin ZQ. The chloroform extract of Cyclocarya paliurus attenuates high-fat diet induced non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis in Sprague Dawley rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1475-1483. [PMID: 27765368 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic steatosis (HS) is the early stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease which is caused by impaired hepatic lipid homeostasis. Cyclocarya paliurus, an herbal tea consumed in China, has been demonstrated to ameliorate abnormal lipid metabolism for the treatment of metabolic diseases. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the regulative effect of chloroform extract from Cyclocarya paliurus (ChE) on treatment of HS, as well as key factors involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. STUDY DESIGN Sprague Dawley rats were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induce HS and treated with or without ChE by gavage for 4 weeks. METHODS The body weight, relative liver weight and liver fat content were measured. Serum and liver total cholesterol, triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acids, as well as hepatic malonaldehyde levels were accessed by biochemical methods. Serum and liver TNF-α levels were quantified by ELISA kit. Histologic analysis and 1H-MRS study were performed to evaluate HS level. RT-PCR and Western blot were also applied to observe the expression changes of key factors involved in hepatic lipid intake, synthesis, utilization and export. RESULTS ChE significantly decreased the rats' body weight, serum lipid and TNF-α level. ChE also reduced their relative liver weight, liver fat content, hepatic oxidative products and TNF-α level. Hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed rats was effectively regressed after 2-weeks administration of ChE. Moreover, ChE treatment remarkably reduced HFD-induced high expression level of fatty acid synthesis genes (including sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 and fatty acid synthase). However, it had no effect on mRNA expression of some genes involved in lipid uptake, β-oxidation and lipid outflow. CONCLUSION ChE exerted a promising regression effect on HS due to a reduced level of serum non-esterified fatty acids which might lead to a decrease in the amount of lipid taken in by the liver, as well as owing to the inhibition of hepatic lipid de novo synthesis to reduce liver lipid production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi Lin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Zheng-Feng Wu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Cui-Hua Jiang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Sheng Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, PR China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tradition Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tradition Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tradition Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Manasa K, Soumya R, Vani R. Phytochemicals as potential therapeutics for thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2016; 41:436-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-015-1257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
20
|
Alamolhodaei NS, Shirani K, Karimi G. Arsenic cardiotoxicity: An overview. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:1005-14. [PMID: 26606645 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, a naturally ubiquitous element, is found in foods and environment. Cardiac dysfunction is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Arsenic exposure is associated with various cardiopathologic effects including ischemia, arrhythmia and heart failure. Possible mechanisms of arsenic cardiotoxicity include oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis and functional changes of ion channels. Several evidences have shown that mitochondrial disruption, caspase activation, MAPK signaling and p53 are the pathways for arsenic induced apoptosis. Arsenic trioxide is an effective and potent antitumor agent used in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia and produces dramatic remissions. As2O3 administration has major limitations such as T wave changes, QT prolongation and sudden death in humans. In this review, we discuss the underlying pathobiology of arsenic cardiotoxicity and provide information about cardiac health effects associated with some medicinal plants in arsenic toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kobra Shirani
- Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Miriyala S, Chandra M, Maxey B, Day A, St Clair DK, Panchatcharam M. Arjunolic acid ameliorates reactive oxygen species via inhibition of p47(phox)-serine phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 68:70-7. [PMID: 26319153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Impaired cardiovascular function during acute myocardial infarction (MI) is partly associated with recruitment of activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils. The protective role of arjunolic acid (AA; 2,3,23-trihydroxy olean-12-en-28-oic acid) is studied in the modulation of neutrophil functions in vitro by measuring the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Neutrophils were isolated from normal and acute MI mice to find out the efficacy of AA in reducing oxidative stress. Stimulation of neutrophils with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) resulted in an oxidative burst of superoxide anion (O2(-)) and enhanced release of lysosomal enzymes. The treatment of neutrophils with PMA induced phosphorylation of Ser345 on p47(phox), a cytosolic component of NADPH oxidase. Furthermore, we observed activated ERK induced phosphorylation of Ser345 in MI neutrophils. Treatment with AA significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of P47(phox) and ERK in the stimulated controls and MI neutrophils. Oxidative phosphorylation activities in MI cells were lower than in control, while the glycolysis rates were elevated in MI cells compared to the control. In addition, we observed AA decreased intracellular oxidative stress and reduced the levels of O2(-) in neutrophils. This study therefore identifies targets for AA in activated neutrophils mediated by the MAPK pathway on p47(phox) involved in ROS generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Miriyala
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Mini Chandra
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Benjamin Maxey
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Alicia Day
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Manikandan Panchatcharam
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA; Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Varghese A, Savai J, Pandita N, Gaud R. In vitro modulatory effects of Terminalia arjuna, arjunic acid, arjunetin and arjungenin on CYP3A4, CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 enzyme activity in human liver microsomes. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:806-816. [PMID: 28962416 PMCID: PMC5598323 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminalia arjuna is a tree having an extensive medicinal potential in cardiovascular disorders. Triterpenoids are mainly responsible for cardiovascular properties. Alcoholic and aqueous bark extracts of T. arjuna, arjunic acid, arjunetin and arjungenin were evaluated for their potential to inhibit CYP3A4, CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 enzymes in human liver microsomes. We have demonstrated that alcoholic and aqueous bark extract of T. arjuna showed potent inhibition of all three enzymes in human liver microsomes with IC50 values less than 50 μg/mL. Arjunic acid, arjunetin and arjungenin did not show significant inhibition of CYP enzymes in human liver microsomes. Enzyme kinetics studies suggested that the extracts of arjuna showed reversible non-competitive inhibition of all the three enzymes in human liver microsomes. Our findings suggest strongly that arjuna extracts significantly inhibit the activity of CYP3A4, CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 enzymes, which is likely to cause clinically significant drug-drug interactions mediated via inhibition of the major CYP isozymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Varghese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Jay Savai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Nancy Pandita
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Ram Gaud
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- K Nishteswar
- Executive Editor - AYU, I.P.G.T. and R.A., Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Terminalia arjuna, commonly known as arjuna, belongs to the family of Combretaceae. Its bark decoction is being used in the Indian subcontinent for anginal pain, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and dyslipidemia, based on the observations of ancient physicians for centuries. The utility of arjuna in various cardiovascular diseases needs to be studied further. Therefore, the present review is an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature summarizing the experimental and clinical studies pertinent to arjuna in cardiovascular disorders, which were particularly performed during the last decade. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical studies of arjuna were retrieved through the use of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. Most of the studies, both experimental and clinical, have suggested that the crude drug possesses anti-ischemic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and antiatherogenic activities. Its useful phytoconstituents are: Triterpenoids, β-sitosterol, flavonoids, and glycosides. Triterpenoids and flavonoids are considered to be responsible for its beneficial antioxidant cardiovascular properties. The drug has shown promising effect on ischemic cardiomyopathy. So far, no serious side effects have been reported with arjuna therapy. However, its long-term safety still remains to be elucidated. Though it has been found quite useful in angina pectoris, mild hypertension, and dyslipidemia, its exact role in primary/secondary coronary prevention is yet to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shridhar Dwivedi
- Department of Medicine and Preventive Cardiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepti Chopra
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kapoor D, Vijayvergiya R, Dhawan V. Terminalia arjuna in coronary artery disease: ethnopharmacology, pre-clinical, clinical & safety evaluation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1029-1045. [PMID: 25014508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. is one of the most popular and beneficial medicinal plants in indigenous system of medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This comprehensive review provides latest updates on traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacological and toxicological data, clinical efficacy and safety of Terminalia arjuna as well as outlined strategies for future research and development to scientifically validate the therapeutic potential of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information about Terminalia arjuna was collected via a systematic electronic and library search of various indexed and non-indexed journals, some local books and varied articles published on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and traditional uses. Various pre-clinical (2000-2014) and clinical studies (1990-2014) have also been considered regarding efficacy and safety profile of Terminalia arjuna. RESULTS Evidence from various in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials reveal the pleiotropic effects of Terminalia arjuna such as anti-atherogenic, hypotensive, inotropic, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and antioxidant actions for treatment of various cardiovascular disorders. It is clearly documented that this plant has a good safety profile when used in conjunction with other conventional drugs. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the exact molecular mechanism of its action, appropriate form of drug administration, whether whole crude drug or aqueous or alcoholic extract should be used, toxicological studies and its interaction with other drugs. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this review highlights the importance as well as pleiotropic actions and functional aspects of Terminalia arjuna especially in cardiovascular diseases. Though, various pharmacological studies and clinical trials support its benefit in the CVD as per traditional use, new clinical trials using more rigorous state of the art technology and in a larger population setup are warranted to assess the traditional putative efficacy of Terminalia arjuna.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Kapoor
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajesh Vijayvergiya
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Veena Dhawan
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shukla SK, Sharma SB, Singh UR. Pre-treatment with α-tocopherol and Terminalia arjuna ameliorates, pro-inflammatory cytokines, cardiac and apoptotic markers in myocardial infracted rats. Redox Rep 2014; 20:49-59. [PMID: 25180938 DOI: 10.1179/1351000214y.0000000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of combination of T. arjuna and α-tocopherol in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. METHODS Wistar albino rats were pre-treated with hydroalcoholic extract of T. arjuna (HETA) and α-tocopherol (100 mg/kg b. w) daily for 30 days. Isoproterenol (ISP, 85 mg/kg b.w) was administered on 28th and 29th days at an interval of 24 hr. RESULTS ISP treated rats showed significant increase in lipid peroxidation (MDA), cardiac markers (CK-MB, SGOT, Trop I and LDH), pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, CRP, TNF-α) levels and apoptotic markers (Bcl-2/Bax) as compared to healthy group. Pre-treatment with HETA 100 mg/kg b. w, reduced the elevated levels of these markers and significant effect (p<0.05) were observed with the combination of HETA and α-tocopherol at a dose of 100 mg/kg b. w, which was further confirmed by histopathological studies. CONCLUSION The present study concluded that the combination of α-tocopherol (100 mg/kg b. w) and hydroalcoholic extract of T. arjuna (100 mg/kg b. w) augments endogenous antioxidant compounds of rat heart and also prevents the myocardium from ISP-induced myocardial injury and it may have therapeutic and prophylactic value in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Collapse
|
27
|
Hussain SA, Panjagari NR, Singh RRB, Patil GR. Potential Herbs and Herbal Nutraceuticals: Food Applications and Their Interactions with Food Components. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:94-122. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.649148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
28
|
Al-Gayyar MM, Al Youssef A, Sherif IO, Shams ME, Abbas A. Protective effects of arjunolic acid against cardiac toxicity induced by oral sodium nitrite: Effects on cytokine balance and apoptosis. Life Sci 2014; 111:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
29
|
Terminalia arjuna, a herbal remedy against environmental carcinogenicity: An in vitro and in vivo study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
30
|
Rashid K, Sinha K, Sil PC. An update on oxidative stress-mediated organ pathophysiology. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:584-600. [PMID: 24084033 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants and drugs can result in pathophysiological situations in the body. Research in this area is essential as the knowledge on cellular survival and death would help in designing effective therapeutic strategies that are needed for the maintenance of the normal physiological functions of the body. In this regard, naturally occurring bio-molecules can be considered as potential therapeutic targets as they are normally available in commonly consumed foodstuffs and are thought to have minimum side effects. This review article describes the detailed mechanisms of oxidative stress-mediated organ pathophysiology and the ultimate fate of the cells either to survive or to undergo necrotic or apoptotic death. The mechanisms underlying the beneficial role of a number of naturally occurring bioactive molecules in oxidative stress-mediated organ pathophysiology have also been included in the review. The review provides useful information about the recent progress in understanding the mechanism(s) of various types of organ pathophysiology, the complex cross-talk between these pathways, as well as their modulation in stressed conditions. Additionally, it suggests possible therapeutic applications of a number of naturally occurring bioactive molecules in conditions involving oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kahkashan Rashid
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Calcutta 700054, West Bengal, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Venu Gopal J. Morin Hydrate: Botanical origin, pharmacological activity and its applications: A mini-review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phcgj.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
32
|
Comparing effects of lacidipine, ramipril, and valsartan against experimentally induced myocardial infarcted rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2013; 12:166-74. [PMID: 22318742 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-012-9156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of lacidipine (LAC), ramipril (RAM), and valsartan (VAL) on biochemical and histopathologic changes in heart tissue were studied in rats with isoproterenol-induced (ISO-induced) myocardial infarction (MI). LAC, RAM, and VAL had been administered via oral gavage at 3, 3, and 30 mg/kg doses, respectively, once per day during a 30-day time period. On days 29 and 30, the drug treatment group and the control group (with the exception of the intact control group, in which no medications were given, and ISO was not administered) were administered 180 mg/kg ISO subcutaneously over an interval of 24 h. After this period, the hearts of the rats were removed and processed for biochemical and histopathologic studies. The antioxidant parameters superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. A diagnosis of MI was confirmed with antioxidant parameters and histopathologic findings. In MI control groups, histopathologic indicators were found to be statistically higher than those in drug groups; an increase in histopathologic indicators of MI correlates with significant decreases in SOD and CAT levels, and an increase in MDA level. Histopathologic grades of MI indicators were significantly higher in MI group that did not receive any cardioprotective medications in comparison with MI groups that received LAC, RAM, and VAL. Each of the three medications favorably modulated most of the biochemical and histopathologic parameters observed. No significant difference existed with regard to any of the estimated parameters in the rat groups that received medications without MI induction. In conclusion, results indicate that LAC, RAM, and VAL significantly reduced myocardial injury and emphasize the cardioprotective nature of these agents.
Collapse
|
33
|
Ghosh J, Sil PC. Arjunolic acid: a new multifunctional therapeutic promise of alternative medicine. Biochimie 2013; 95:1098-109. [PMID: 23402784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD In recent years, a number of studies describing the effective therapeutic strategies of medicinal plants and their active constituents in traditional medicine have been reported. Indeed, tremendous demand for the development and implementation of these plant derived biomolecules in complementary and alternative medicine is increasing and appear to be promising candidates for pharmaceutical industrial research. These new molecules, especially those from natural resources, are considered as potential therapeutic targets, because they are derived from commonly consumed foodstuff and are considered to be safe for humans. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review highlights the beneficial role of arjunolic acid, a naturally occurring chiral triterpenoid saponin, in various organ pathophysiology and the underlying mechanism of its protective action. Studies on the biochemistry and pharmacology suggest the potential use of arjunolic acid as a novel promising therapeutic strategy. WHAT THE READERS WILL GAIN The multifunctional therapeutic application of arjunolic acid has already been documented by its various biological functions including antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anticholinesterase, antitumor, antiasthmatic, wound healing and insect growth inhibitor activities. The scientific basis behind its therapeutic application as a cardioprotective agent in traditional medicine is justified by its ability to prevent myocardial necrosis and apoptosis, platelet aggregation, coagulation and lowering of blood pressure, heart rate, as well as cholesterol levels. Its antioxidant property coupled with metal chelating property (by its two hydroxyl groups) protects different organs from metal and drug-induced organ pathophysiology. Arjunolic acid also plays a beneficial role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its associated complications. The mechanism of cytoprotection of arjunolic acid, at least in part, results from the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the respective pathophysiology. In addition to its other biological functions, it also possesses vibrant insecticidal properties and it has the potential to be used as a structural molecular framework for the design of molecular receptors in the general area of supramolecular chemistry and nanochemistry. Esters of arjunolic acid function as organogelators which has wide application in designing thermochromic switches and sensor devices. Arjunolic acid derived crown ether is an attractive candidate for the design of molecular receptors, biomimetics and supramolecular systems capable of performing some biological functions. HOME MESSAGE This review would provide useful information about the recent progress of natural product research in the domain of clinical science. This review also aims to untie the multifunctional therapeutic application of arjunolic acid, a nanometer-long naturally occurring chiral triterpenoid biomolecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmoy Ghosh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
The bark of the tree Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) is widely used in Indian medicine (Ayurveda) for various cardiovascular ailments. The bark has been reported to contain several bioactive compounds. Many experimental studies have reported its antioxidant, anti-ischemic, antihypertensive, and antihypertrophic effects, which have relevance to its therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases in humans. Several clinical studies have reported its efficacy mostly in patients with ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and heart failure. However, a major shortcoming in all these experimental and clinical studies is the absence of phytochemical standardization of the extracts. In addition, many clinical studies are poor in terms of design and methods used for generating safety data. This review discusses how to address all these issues for a scientific validation of this medicinal plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subir K Maulik
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sun FY, Chen XP, Wang JH, Qin HL, Yang SR, Du GH. Arjunic Acid, a Strong Free Radical Scavenger fromTerminalia arjuna. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 36:197-207. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x08005709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacities of arjunic acid, an aglycone obtained from the fruit of medicine Terminalia Fruit. Liver microsomes, mitochondria, and red blood cells (RBCs) were prepared from Wistar rats. The antioxidant capacity was determined by the inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide induced RBCs hemolysis, and RBCs autoxidative hemolysis. The free radical scavenging activity was tested by DPPH method and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluoresc in diacetate (DCFH2-DA) assay. Ascorbic acid was chosen as the positive controls. Results showed that arjunic acid was a strong antioxidant and a free radical scavenger, more potent than ascorbic acid, in microsomes lipid peroxidation, DPPH, hydrogen peroxide induced RBCs hemolysis, and (DCFH2-DA) assay (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the RBCs autoxidative hemolysis assay (p > 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Tibet Nationalities Institute, Xianyang 712082, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hai-Lin Qin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Su-Rong Yang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Morin protects heart from beta-adrenergic-stimulated myocardial infarction: an electrocardiographic, biochemical, and histological study in rats. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68:433-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0157-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
37
|
Wan LH, Chen J, Li L, Xiong WB, Zhou LM. Protective effects of Carthamus tinctorius injection on isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:1204-1209. [PMID: 22014268 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.576348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Carthamus tinctorius injection (CTI) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) specifically used for the treatment of cerebral ischemia and myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the protective effects of CTI on isoprenaline-induced acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) in rats and explored the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS (i) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, myocardial ischemia model, and high-, low-dose of CTI groups (2.5 and 0.625 g/kg, respectively, i.p. for 5 days), and Xiang-Dan (20 g/kg) group (n = 10 in each group). AMI was induced by isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection. Assessment of electrocardiograms (ECG) was carried out. (ii) Another 40 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were measured by radioimmunological assay; Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS CTI (2.5 and 0.625 g/kg) significantly inhibited the typical ECG S-T segment elevation, reduced concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum, suppressed overexpression of Bax protein and also inhibited the reduction of Bcl-2 expression and markedly depressed the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that CTI is cardioprotective against AMI in rats and is likely to related to decrease inflammatory response mediated by TNF-α and IL-6, down-regulate protein level of Bax and up-regulate that of Bcl-2 in the heart tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abhilash P, Nisha P, Prathapan A, Nampoothiri SV, Lijo Cherian O, Sunitha T, Raghu K. Cardioprotective effects of aqueous extract of Oxalis corniculata in experimental myocardial infarction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:535-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
39
|
Pretreatment with morin, a flavonoid, ameliorates adenosine triphosphatases and glycoproteins in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. J Nat Med 2011; 66:95-101. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
40
|
Selvaraj P, Pugalendi KV. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in experimental myocardial ischemic rats. Redox Rep 2011; 15:217-23. [PMID: 21062537 DOI: 10.1179/135100010x12826446921509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction continues to be a leading cause of mortality world-wide. Novel therapies are needed to treat the myocardial ischemia. This study was undertaken to evaluate the cardioprotective role of hesperidin on isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Myocardial ischemia was induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol hydrochloride (85 mg/kg body weight), for two consecutive days. Isoproterenol-administered rats showed elevated levels of cardiac markers (aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponins T and I) when compared with control and hesperidin treatment groups (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight). The serum levels of cardiac markers were significantly reduced at the doses of 200 mg and 400 mg. All further experiments were carried out at the 200 mg dose. Lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides and conjugated dienes) were elevated significantly in the plasma and heart whereas non-enzymic antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E and reduced glutathione) were decreased significantly. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase declined significantly in the heart of ischemic rats. However, after hesperidin treatment, all the above parameters reverted to normal levels. This study demonstrated that the cardioprotective effect of hesperidin on ischemic rats could be due to its anti-lipid peroxidative and antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palanisamy Selvaraj
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sheng H, Sun H. Synthesis, biology and clinical significance of pentacyclic triterpenes: a multi-target approach to prevention and treatment of metabolic and vascular diseases. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:543-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c0np00059k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
42
|
Srinivasan A, Sehgal PK. Characterization of Biocompatible Collagen Fibers—A Promising Candidate for Cardiac Patch. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 16:895-903. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2009.0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Srinivasan
- Bio-Products Laboratory, Biomaterial Division, Central Leather Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Sehgal
- Bio-Products Laboratory, Biomaterial Division, Central Leather Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yan Y, O W, Zhao X, Ye X, Zhang C, Hao J, He J, Zhu X, Xu H, Yang X. Effect of essential oil of Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. var. alashanensis on ischemia of myocardium, hypoxia and platelet aggregation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 131:248-255. [PMID: 20600760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the cardioprotective potential of Syringa pinnatifolia Hems1. var. alashanensis essential oil (SPEO) against experimental acute myocardial ischemia (AMI), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced myocyte injury and activities against hypoxia and platelet aggregation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats, Kunming mice and primary cultured rat neonatal myocytes were used in this study. AMI in rats was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, and deviation of ST-segment, as well as changes of myocardial enzyme activities were observed. Hypoxia test in Kunming mice was performed to evaluate the effect of SPEO against hypoxia. The protective effect of SPEO on H(2)O(2)-induced cell injury was evaluated in terms of cell viability assay. The in vitro effect of SPEO against platelet aggregation was studied using adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) as agonist. RESULTS Administration of SPEO reduced deviation of ST-segment, decreased the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and Troponin T (TnT) while increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD). The protective role of SPEO was further confirmed by histopathological examination. In the hypoxia test, both 8 and 32 mg/kg of SPEO could prolong survival time of mice under hypoxia condition. At the meantime SPEO showed remarkable protective effect on cultured rat myocyte death induced by H(2)O(2). SPEO also inhibited ADP-induced rat platelet aggregation by 47.4%, 37.0% and 32.9% at the dose of 5, 2.5 and 1.25 microg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that SPEO possessing activities against hypoxia, oxidative stress and platelet aggregation has a significant protective effect against experimental myocardial ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rahmatullah M, Rahman MA, Hossan MS, Taufiq-Ur-Rahman M, Jahan R, Mollik MAH. A Pharmacological and Phytochemical Evaluation of Medicinal Plants Used by the Harbang Clan of the Tripura Tribal Community of Mirsharai Area, Chittagong District, Bangladesh. J Altern Complement Med 2010; 16:769-85. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2009.0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Asifur Rahman
- Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shahadat Hossan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rownak Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ariful Haque Mollik
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Subashini R, Yogeeta S, Gnanapragasam A, Devaki T. Protective effect of Nardostachys jatamansi on oxidative injury and cellular abnormalities during doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 58:257-62. [PMID: 16451755 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.2.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Nardostachys jatamansi is a medicinally important herb of Indian origin. It has been used for centuries in the Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine for the treatment of various ailments. We have evaluated the effect of N. jatamansi (rhizomes) on the biochemical changes, tissue peroxidative damage and abnormal antioxidant levels in doxorubicin (adriamycin)-induced cardiac damage. Preliminary studies on the effect of the graded dose of extract showed that 500 mg kg−1 orally for seven days was found to be optimum and hence all further study was carried out with this particular dose. Rats administered doxorubicin (15 mg kg−1, i.p.) showed myocardial damage that was manifested by the elevation of serum marker enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, aspartate aminotransaminase and alanine aminotransaminase). The animals showed significant changes in the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase) and lipid peroxidation levels. Pretreatment with N. jatamansi extract significantly prevented these alterations and restored the enzyme activity and lipid peroxides to near normal levels. Restoration of cellular normality accredits the N. jatamansi with a cytoprotective role in doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajakannu Subashini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kumar S, Enjamoori R, Jaiswal A, Ray R, Seth S, Maulik SK. Catecholamine-induced myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress is attenuated by Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.). J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.11.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress accompany a number of cardiac disorders such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart disease and cardiac failure. Stem bark of Terminalia arjuna has been advocated for cardiac ailments. The present study evaluated the effects of T. arjuna bark extract on myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress induced by chronic beta-adrenoceptor stimulation.
Methods
Aqueous extract of T. arjuna bark was evaluated at 63, 125 and 250 mg/kg given orally for antifibrotic and antioxidant effects in rats given the selective β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline (5 mg/kg s.c.) for 28 days. Captopril (50 mg/kg per day, given orally), an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme used as a standard cardioprotective drug, was used as a positive control.
Key findings
Isoprenaline caused fibrosis, increased oxidative stress and cardiac hypertrophy (increased heart weight: body weight ratio and cardiomyocyte diameter). The T. arjuna bark extract and captopril significantly prevented the isoprenaline-induced increase in oxidative stress and decline in endogenous antioxidant level. Both also prevented fibrosis but not the increase in heart weight: body weight ratio.
Conclusions
T. arjuna protects against myocardial changes induced by chronic beta-adrenoceptor stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Enjamoori
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amardeep Jaiswal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruma Ray
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Seth
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subir Kumar Maulik
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Preventive Effect of Amiodarone During Acute Period in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Injury in Wistar Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2009; 9:161-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-009-9049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
48
|
Keles MS, Bayir Y, Suleyman H, Halici Z. Investigation of effects of Lacidipine, Ramipril and Valsartan on DNA damage and oxidative stress occurred in acute and chronic periods following isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarct in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 328:109-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
49
|
Sivalokanathan S, Ilayaraja M, Balasubramanian MP. Antioxidant activity of Terminalia arjuna bark extract on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 281:87-93. [PMID: 16328960 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-0433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2005] [Accepted: 06/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant nature of ethanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark (EETA) on N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) induced liver cancer in male Wistar albino rats. Liver cancer was induced by single intraperitonial injection of DEN (200 mg/kg). After 2 weeks of DEN administration, Phenobarbital (PB) was given to promote the cancer for up to 14 successive weeks. EETA extract (400 mg/kg) was given post-orally for 28 days to hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing rats. After the experimental period, all the animals were sacrificed and serum, liver and kidney samples were collected for further biochemical analysis. The levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) under basal and also in the presence of inducers (H(2)O(2), ascorbate and FeSO(4)) were estimated in serum, liver and kidney of control and experimental animals. Enzymic antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and non-enzymic antioxidants like Vitamin C (Vit-C) and Vitamin E (Vit-E) levels were determined in all the groups of animals. A significant increase in LPO levels were observed while the levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were decreased, when subjected to DEN induction. These altered enzyme levels were ameliorated significantly by administration of EETA at the concentration of 400 mg/kg in drug-treated animals. This protective effect of EETA was associated with inhibition of LPO induced by DEN and to maintain the antioxidant enzyme levels. Our results show an antioxidant activity of T. arjuna bark against DEN-induced liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarveswaran Sivalokanathan
- Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr. ALM Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Alam MS, Kaur G, Ali A, Hamid H, Ali M, Athar M. Two new bioactive oleanane triterpene glycosides from Terminalia arjuna. Nat Prod Res 2008; 22:1279-88. [PMID: 18932092 DOI: 10.1080/14786410701766380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new oleanane-type triterpene glycosides designated as Termiarjunoside I and Termiarjunoside II were isolated from stem bark of Terminalia arjuna (Combretaceae) and characterized as olean-1alpha,3beta,9alpha,22alpha-tetraol-12-en-28-oic acid-3beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and olean-3alpha,5alpha,25-triol-12-en-23,28-dioic acid-3alpha-D-glucopyranoside (2) based on chemical and spectral data evidences. Both compounds 1 and 2 potently suppressed the release of nitric oxide and superoxide from macrophages and also inhibited aggregation of platelets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sarwar Alam
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|