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Leman TY, Barden S, Swisher VS, Joyce DS, Kaplan KA, Zeitzer JM, Loo SK, Ricketts EJ. Sleep insufficiency and bedtime irregularity in children with ADHD: A population-based analysis. Sleep Med 2024; 121:117-126. [PMID: 38959718 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is impaired in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, population-based examination of indicators of sleep insufficiency and bedtime irregularity is limited. This investigation examined associations between ADHD, weeknight sleep insufficiency, and bedtime irregularity in a nationally-representative child sample, and indicators of these sleep outcomes in ADHD. METHODS Parents of children aged 3-17 years with ADHD (n = 7671) were surveyed through the 2020-2021 National Survey of Children's Health. Inverse probability of treatment weighting generated a weighted matched control sample (n = 51,572). Weighted generalized linear models were performed without and with age-stratification to examine associations between ADHD and sleep, adjusting for sociodemographics in the full sample, and between nineteen sociodemographic and clinical variables and sleep in ADHD. RESULTS Having ADHD was associated with increased odds of sleep insufficiency and bedtime irregularity relative to controls, even after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. In ADHD, older age was associated with lower sleep insufficiency and greater bedtime irregularity. Black race, increased poverty, higher ADHD severity, depression, and increased screen time were associated with greater sleep insufficiency and bedtime irregularity. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were associated with greater sleep insufficiency. Behavioral/conduct problems, female sex, and absence of both ADHD medication use and ASD diagnosis were associated with poorer bedtime irregularity. Age-stratified results are reported in text. CONCLUSIONS Children with ADHD face heightened risk for insufficient sleep and irregular bedtimes. Findings suggest intervention targets (e.g., Black race, poverty, depression, screen time) to improve both sleep insufficiency and bedtime irregularity. Results highlight ACEs and behavioral/conduct problems as targets to improve sleep insufficiency and bedtime regularity, respectively. Age-stratified findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Y Leman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, USA
| | - Sophia Barden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Valerie S Swisher
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Daniel S Joyce
- Centre for Health Research and School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Australia
| | - Katherine A Kaplan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, USA
| | - Jamie M Zeitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, USA
| | - Sandra K Loo
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Emily J Ricketts
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
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de Espindola MI, Pires MLN, Rafihi-Ferreira RE, Noto AR, Pompéia S. Adaptation and validation for use in Brazil of the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS). PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2024; 37:26. [PMID: 39008155 PMCID: PMC11250710 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00310-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS in English Version) was originally developed in the USA by Matheny et al (Bringing order out of chaos: psychometric characteristics of the confusion, hubbub, and order scale. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 16(3):429-444, 1995) to measure chaos in the family environment, characterized by confusion, lack of routine, and organization. OBJECTIVE To present evidence of content validity, internal structure validity, and validity based on relationships with external measures of an adapted version of the CHAOS into Brasilian Portuguese with adolescents sample in São Paulo - Brasil. METHOD Study 1 involved the translation/back-translation and adaptation of the scale into Brazilian Portuguese [here named "Escala de Confusão, Alvoroço e Ordem no Sistema familiar" (CAOS)], assessed by 5 judges. In Study 2, we conducted an exploratory factor analyses (EFA) to determine the scale's factor structure (N = 180 adults). In Study 3, we carried out confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to confirm the internal validity of the scale, along with complete structural equation modeling to explore convergent validity in another sample (N = 239 adolescents). RESULTS The CAOS scale displayed content validity, and the EFA and CFA showed a unifactorial structure (with some scale adjustments) with an acceptable fit. The family chaos latent factor was associated with externalizing symptoms and perceived stress in adolescents. CONCLUSION Overall, the Brazilian version of the scale presented evidence of construct, internal, and concurrent validity that indicate its usefulness in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Ignácio de Espindola
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Em Saúde E Uso de Substância (NEPSIS), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Laura Nogueira Pires
- Faculdade de Ciências E Letras, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Assis, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renatha El Rafihi-Ferreira
- Departamento de Psicologia Clínica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Regina Noto
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Em Saúde E Uso de Substância (NEPSIS), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sabine Pompéia
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Pagán AF, Ricker BT, Cooley JL, Cummings C, Sanchez CR. ADHD Symptoms and Sleep Problems During Middle Childhood: The Indirect Effect of Peer Victimization. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01666-6. [PMID: 38376574 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The present cross-sectional study evaluated whether traditional and/or cyber peer victimization served as mechanisms linking ADHD symptoms to sleep disturbance and sleep impairment in a sample of 284 third- through fifth-grade students (51.9% boys; 50.4% Hispanic/Latine) from two elementary schools in the United States. ADHD symptoms were assessed using teacher ratings. Children provided reports of their traditional and cyber victimization as well as their sleep disturbance and impairment. Results from path analysis models revealed significant indirect effects of traditional victimization on the links from ADHD symptoms to sleep disturbance and impairment. There was also a significant indirect effect of cyber victimization on the link from ADHD symptoms to sleep impairment. These findings suggest that experiences of traditional and cyber peer victimization may need to be addressed among children exhibiting ADHD symptoms in order to mitigate their risk for sleep problems and downstream effects on other domains of psychosocial functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio F Pagán
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brianna T Ricker
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - John L Cooley
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Caroline Cummings
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Carlos R Sanchez
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Robles-Ramamurthy B, Zaki S, Sandoval JF, Dube AR, Hlozek S, Fortuna LR, Williamson AA. Improving adolescent sleep in long-term Juvenile correctional settings: case examples with clinical, research, and policy implications. SLEEP ADVANCES : A JOURNAL OF THE SLEEP RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 5:zpae006. [PMID: 38425455 PMCID: PMC10904105 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Poor sleep during adolescence is a public health concern that may be especially important to address among youth in juvenile correctional facilities, who tend to experience greater mental health challenges, substance use disorders, and traumatic stress exposure. However, evidence for addressing sleep in correctional settings is limited. Using de-identified composite clinical cases, this paper describes challenges and opportunities for addressing sleep disorders (i.e. insomnia) and promoting sleep health (i.e. improving duration, regularity, and behaviors) among adolescents in long-term juvenile correctional facilities. These clinical cases highlight common presenting problems and underscore the need for integrated sleep and mental health interventions as well as adaptations to enhance feasibility and efficacy of behavioral sleep treatment and sleep health promotion in juvenile correctional contexts. We conclude by summarizing clinical, research, and policy implications for addressing adolescent sleep problems and promoting sleep health and well-being in these contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Robles-Ramamurthy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Saadia Zaki
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jessica F Sandoval
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anish R Dube
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University College of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven Hlozek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lisa R Fortuna
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California Riverside, School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ariel A Williamson
- Ballmer Institute for Children’s Behavioral Health, University of Oregon, Portland, OR, USA
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Liu W, Wang D, Fan Y, Ye H, Bu L, Fan F. Changes in sleep disturbance among Chinese adolescents: A population-based online survey. J Psychosom Res 2023; 175:111515. [PMID: 37856932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbance is prevalent among adolescents but little is known about the short-term changes among Chinese adolescents. The study aimed to explore the prevalence and change patterns of sleep disturbance and identify its risk and protective factors. METHODS Data were collected online from April 21st to May 12th, 2021 (Time 1, T1) and December 17th to 26th, 2021 (Time 2, T2). The final sample comprised 34,260 adolescents. Self-administrated questionnaires were used to assess socio-demographic variables, sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety, life events, family function, and resilience. RESULTS The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 12.0% at T1 and 11.8% at T2, with higher rates in females than males. Four groups of sleep disturbance change patterns were identified: non-sleep disturbance group (80.4%), persistent group (4.2%), new-onset group (7.6%), and remission group (7.8%). Risk factors for new-onset sleep disturbance included being in junior high school (AOR = 1.26, 95%CI = 1.15-1.38), family history of mental disorders (AOR = 1.49, 95%CI = 1.03-2.15), and moderate (AOR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.13-1.36) and severe (AOR = 1.48, 95%CI = 1.27-1.72) family dysfunction. Risk factors for persistent sleep disturbance included being in junior (AOR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.08-1.45) and senior (AOR = 1.53, 95%CI = 1.15-2.03) high school, parental currently unmarried status (AOR = 1.34, 95%CI = 1.05-1.73), moderate (AOR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.02-1.39) and severe (AOR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.06-1.55) family dysfunction. Medium (AOR = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.43-0.53) and high (AOR = 0.34, 95%CI = 0.29-0.40) levels of resilience were protective factors against new-onset sleep disturbance, as well as against persistent sleep disturbance (medium level: AOR = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.43-0.60; high level: AOR = 0.32, 95%CI = 0.25-0.43). CONCLUSIONS Interventions aimed at promoting family functions and enhancing resilience may improve sleep disturbance among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Liu
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunge Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoxian Ye
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luowei Bu
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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Ma X, Zhang Z, Jin M, Hao Y, Cheng H, Yan N. Association Between Family Context and Sleep Trajectory in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2023; 15:915-924. [PMID: 37954027 PMCID: PMC10638916 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s422263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aims to reveal the association between family context and sleep trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. Methods Subjects (n=7777) aged between 40 and 65 years were selected from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Latent class analysis and the multi-trajectory method were used to identify the family context and sleep trajectories from 2010 to 2018. Multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression was performed to explore the relationship between family context and sleep trajectories. Results Five family context classes were identified according to family demographic characteristics. Simultaneously, four sleep trajectories were determined based on three sleep-related indexes. Subjects from family that had only sons or multiple-child are liable to shorten or prolong sleep duration and increase midday nap ratios compare with subjects who from family that had one or more daughters, and in future public health prevention and control, more attention could be paid to such families. Conclusion The study found that family context is associated with sleep trajectories among middle and old Chinese adults. Subjects from families with only girls seemed to have more stable sleep trajectories, while those with one or more boys' families had unstable sleep trajectories. Further interventions would be carried out for sleep disorders, it is necessary to pay more attention to the family context, especially the number and gender of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Ma
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Zhang
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Hao
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Cheng
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Yan
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
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Chen C, He Z, Xu B, Shao J, Wang D. A latent profile analysis of sleep disturbance in relation to mental health among college students in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1107692. [PMID: 37325305 PMCID: PMC10266341 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1107692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to examine the subtype classification characteristics of sleep disturbance (SD) in college students and their associations with sample characteristic factors and mental health outcomes. Methods The sample comprised 4,302 college students (Mean age = 19.92 ± 1.42 years, 58.6% females). The Youth Self-Rating Insomnia Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, 8-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences, and 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were used to assess adolescents' sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), and resilience. Latent profile analysis, logistic regression, and liner regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results Three subtypes of SD in college students were identified: the high SD profile (10.6%), the mild SD profile (37.5%), and the no SD profile (51.9%). Compared with college students in the "no SD" profile, risk factors for "high SD" include being male and poor parental marital status. Sophomores were found to predict the "high SD" profile or "mild SD" profile relative to the "no SD" profile. College students in the "mild SD" profile or "high SD" profile were more likely to have a higher level of depressive symptoms and PLEs, while a lower level of resilience. Conclusion The findings highlighted that target intervention is urgently needed for male college students, sophomores, and those with poor parental marital status in the "mild SD" profile or "high SD" profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Chen
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zigeng He
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingna Xu
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianyao Shao
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Maratia F, Bacaro V, Crocetti E. Sleep Is a Family Affair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies on the Interplay between Adolescents' Sleep and Family Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20054572. [PMID: 36901581 PMCID: PMC10001512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Family is one of the primary socialization contexts influencing adolescents' psychological health. In this regard, a crucial indicator of adolescents' health is their sleep quality. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how multiple family factors (i.e., demographic and relational) are intertwined with adolescents' sleep quality. For this reason, this systematic review with meta-analysis aims to comprehensively summarize and integrate previous longitudinal research investigating the reciprocal relation between demographics (e.g., family structure) and positive (e.g., family support) and negative (e.g., family chaos) relational family factors and adolescents' sleep quality. Several search strategies were applied, and a final set of 23 longitudinal studies that matched the eligibility criteria were included in this review. The total number of participants was 38,010, with an average age at baseline of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6, range: 11-18 years). On the one hand, the meta-analytic results showed that demographic factors (e.g., low socio-economic status) were not related to adolescents' sleep quality at a later time point. On the other hand, positive and negative family relational factors were positively and negatively related to adolescents' sleep, respectively. Furthermore, the results suggested that this association could be bidirectional. Practical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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Deng MG, Liu F, Liang Y, Chen Y, Nie JQ, Chai C, Wang K. Associations of serum zinc, copper, and selenium with sleep disorders in the American adults: Data from NHANES 2011-2016. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:378-385. [PMID: 36464094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though various studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between trace metals and sleep, few epidemiological studies have evaluated the relationship between trace metals and sleep disorders in American adults. OBJECTIVE This study intended to evaluate the associations of serum zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), Zn/Cu, Zn/Se, and Cu/Se ratios with sleep disorders in American adults. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 3660 adults aged ≥18 years old who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016. Binary logistic regression was employed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) of either serum trace metals or serum trace metals ratios with risks among sleep disorder phenotypes. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was additionally utilized to check the dose-response relationships between serum trace metals, serum trace metals ratios, and sleep disorders. RESULTS Logistic regression demonstrated that higher serum Zn (OR: 0.70, 95 % CI: 0.51-0.97, p = 0.035), Zn/Cu (OR: 0.62, 95 % CI: 0.45-0.87, p = 0.007), and Zn/Se (OR: 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.49-0.95, p = 0.025) were related to a decreased likelihood of self-reported sleep disorders, and dose-response relationships were detected by the RCS models, after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics. No associations between serum Cu, Se, Cu/Se, and sleep disorders were observed. The findings in the sensitivity analyses were consistent with these results. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that serum Zn, Zn/Cu, and Zn/Se were inversely associated with the risk of self-reported sleep disorders in US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Gang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuehui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jia-Qi Nie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chen Chai
- China Emergency Center, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Public Health, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430033, China.
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Hansen M, Simon KR, Strack J, He X, Noble KG, Merz EC. Socioeconomic disparities in sleep duration are associated with cortical thickness in children. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2859. [PMID: 36575851 PMCID: PMC9927856 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disrupted sleep has been consistently linked with lower academic achievement and worse mental health in children. Less is understood about sleep as a potential factor underlying socioeconomic differences in brain morphometry in children. The goals of this study were to investigate the associations among socioeconomic factors, sleep duration, and brain morphometry in children, and to examine the roles of the sleep environment and family routines in these associations. METHODS Participants were 5- to 9-year-old children from socioeconomically diverse families (N = 94; 61% female). Parents reported on children's weekday and weekend sleep durations, sleep environment, and family routines. High-resolution, T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired. Analyses focused on cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and amygdala and hippocampal volume. RESULTS Results indicated that lower family income-to-needs ratio and parental education were significantly associated with shorter weekday sleep duration in children. Shorter weekday sleep duration was significantly associated with reduced thickness in the left middle temporal, right postcentral, and right superior frontal cortices and smaller basolateral but not centromedial amygdala volume. Family routines significantly mediated the associations of family income-to-needs ratio and parental education with weekday sleep duration in children. CONCLUSION These results contribute to our understanding of sleep factors as proximal mechanisms through which socioeconomic context may alter neural development during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hansen
- Department of PsychologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Katrina R. Simon
- Department of Human DevelopmentTeachers College, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUSA
| | - Jordan Strack
- Department of PsychologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Xiaofu He
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUSA
| | - Kimberly G. Noble
- Department of Human DevelopmentTeachers College, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUSA
| | - Emily C. Merz
- Department of PsychologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
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Adolescents' reports of chaos within the family home environment: Investigating associations with lifestyle behaviours and obesity. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280737. [PMID: 36701326 PMCID: PMC9879426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disorganised and chaotic home environments may hinder the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviours and contribute to excessive weight gain among adolescents. We examined whether self-reported level of chaos within the family home environment is associated with lifestyle behaviours and obesity in adolescent girls and boys. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 3rd wave of the Québec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth (QUALITY) study were analyzed. The sample consisted of n = 377 White adolescents with a history of parental obesity. Home environment chaos was measured using the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS) analyzed both continuously and dichotomized as high vs. low chaos. Body Mass Index z-scores (zBMI) were computed using WHO standards from measured weight and height. Physical activity (7-day accelerometry), vegetable and fruit intake (three 24-hour diet recalls), and leisure screen time and sleep duration (questionnaire) were assessed. Sex-specific linear regression models were used to estimate associations between level of family home environment chaos, lifestyle behaviours and zBMI. RESULTS The overall level of chaos was low in our study sample, with higher reported levels among girls compared to boys. Among girls, high (vs low) chaos was associated with shorter sleep duration (hours/day) (B = - 0.44, 95% CI: -0.75, -0.14). No associations were observed for other lifestyle behaviours or for zBMI. CONCLUSION In this sample of adolescents with a parental history of obesity, higher household chaos was not associated with obesity or lifestyle behaviours, except for sleep duration among girls. Replication of findings in more diverse samples is indicated.
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Nicholson L, Bohnert AM, Crowley SJ. A developmental perspective on sleep consistency: Preschool age through emerging adulthood. Behav Sleep Med 2023; 21:97-116. [PMID: 35014925 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.2024192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Beyond sleep duration, the regularity of sleep patterns (e.g., sleep consistency), including variability in sleep timing (e.g., bedtime, wake time) and duration, is a critical marker of sleep health. Sleep consistency is captured using a variety of methods within the literature (e.g., sleep intraindividual variability, social jetlag), but most of the research focuses on adolescents. METHODS Drawing on a developmental perspective, this narrative review highlights how normative changes at the individual (e.g., biological, cognitive, and social) and contextual (e.g., home, school, sociocultural) levels may contribute to inconsistent sleep patterns across development. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This review emphasizes how inconsistent sleep may increase across pivotal transitions throughout development (e.g., elimination of naps, puberty, summertime, entering college). Finally, recommendations for measuring sleep consistency and areas to address in future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nicholson
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy M Bohnert
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie J Crowley
- Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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McKeever PM, Dodd R, O’Sullivan DM. Delayed high school start times and graduation and attendance rates over 4 years: the impact of race and socioeconomics. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2537-2543. [PMID: 35903946 PMCID: PMC9622992 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The current study was designed to examine if improvements in high school graduation and attendance rates persist 4 years after start times later than 8:30 am. Socioeconomic status and race were accounted for in the graduation analysis. METHODS School-wide attendance and graduation records (n = 28 schools) from 1999-2017 were analyzed in August of 2021 using a repeated-measures analysis of variance at 5 points in time, 1 year predelay and 4 consecutive years postdelay start times. RESULTS Graduation rates for students in grade 12 (n > 47,000) after postdelay year 4 increased from 80% to 90% (P < .001) and attendance rates in grades 9-12 (n > 80,000) improved from 90% to 93% (P = .012). CONCLUSIONS Attendance and graduation rates for all students improved after 4 years following a delayed start. Economically disadvantaged students and Black students showed significant changes in graduation rates postdelay year 4 and White students significantly improved postdelay years 2, 3, and 4. Adolescent students, especially economically and racially disadvantaged students, have a vulnerability for obtaining adequate sleep. Delaying high school start times is a cost-effective intervention that could promote sufficient sleep and boost graduation and attendance rates. CITATION McKeever PM, Dodd R, O'Sullivan DM. Delayed high school start times and graduation and attendance rates over 4 years: the impact of race and socioeconomics. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(11):2537-2543.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Malaspina McKeever
- Hartford HealthCare/Behavioral Health Network/-Institute of Living, The Webb Schools, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Ralph Dodd
- Hartford HealthCare/Behavioral Health Network/-Institute of Living, The Webb Schools, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - David M. O’Sullivan
- Department of Research Administration, Hartford HealthCare/Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
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14
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Ursache A, Barajas-Gonzalez RG, Dawson-McClure S. Neighborhood influences on the development of self-regulation among children of color living in historically disinvested neighborhoods: Moderators and mediating mechanisms. Front Psychol 2022; 13:953304. [PMID: 36389468 PMCID: PMC9643166 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.953304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a conceptual model of the ways in which built and social environments shape the development of self-regulation in early childhood. Importantly, in centering children of color growing up in historically disinvested neighborhoods, we first describe how systemic structures of racism and social stratification have shaped neighborhood built and social environment features. We then present evidence linking these neighborhood features to children's development of self-regulation. Furthermore, we take a multilevel approach to examining three potential pathways linking neighborhood contexts to self-regulation: school environment and resources, home environment and resources, and child health behaviors. Finally, we consider how racial-ethnic-cultural strengths and multilevel interventions have the potential to buffer children's development of self-regulation in disinvested neighborhood contexts. Advancing multilevel approaches to understand the development of self-regulation among children of color living in historically disinvested neighborhoods is an important step in efforts to promote equity in health and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ursache
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Rocha S, Almeida DM, Chiang JJ, Cole SW, Irwin MR, Seeman T, Fuligni AJ. The Relationship Between Family Socioeconomic Status and Adolescent Sleep and Diurnal Cortisol. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:848-855. [PMID: 35797448 PMCID: PMC9437129 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the associations between indices of family socioeconomic status and sleep during adolescence and to examine whether measures of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning mediate the observed associations. METHODS A total of 350 ethnically diverse adolescents (57% female; mean [standard deviation] age wave 1 = 16.4 [0.7] years) completed a three-wave longitudinal study in which sleep and cortisol data were collected at 2-year time intervals. Sleep duration, latency, and variability were assessed via actigraphy during a period of 8 days per study wave. Salivary cortisol was collected across 3 days per study wave to assess cortisol diurnal slope, area under the curve, and the cortisol awakening response. Adolescents' caregivers reported their education levels, family income, and economic hardship. RESULTS A greater family income-to-needs ratio was associated with longer adolescent sleep duration ( b = 2.90, p = .023), whereas greater parental education was associated with shorter sleep duration ( b = -3.70, p = .030), less sleep latency ( b = -0.74, p = .016), and less variability across days ( b = -2.06, p = .010). Diurnal cortisol slope statistically mediated the association of parental education with sleep duration ( b = -0.48, 95% confidence interval = -1.099 to -0.042), but not the association of income-to-needs ratio with sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that parental education and family resources may have unique impacts upon sleep and HPA axis functioning during the period of adolescence. Future research is needed to examine family and behavioral factors that may underlie socioeconomic status associations with adolescent sleep and HPA axis functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rocha
- From the Department of Psychology (Rocha, Irwin, Fuligni), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles California; Department of Human Development and Family Studies (Almeida), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychology (Chiang), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; and Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (Cole, Irwin, Fuligni), and Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine (Seeman), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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16
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Chung A, Jin P, Kamboukos D, Robbins R, Blanc J, Jean-Louis G, Seixas A. Out Like a Light: Feasibility and Acceptability Study of an Audio-Based Sleep Aide for Improving Parent-Child Sleep Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9416. [PMID: 35954773 PMCID: PMC9368592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our study examines the acceptability and feasibility of Moshi, an audio-based mobile application, among children 3-8 years old using a parent-child dyadic approach. Our 10-day within-subject pre-post study design consisted of five nights of a normal bedtime routine and a subsequent five nights exposed to one story on the Moshi application during the intervention. Each five-night period spanned three weeknights and two weekend nights. The Short-Form Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (SF-CSHQ) was used to measure children's sleep at baseline and post-intervention. The PROMIS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess parents' sleep. Among the 25 child-parent dyads, the mean child age was 4 (SD = 1.23) and 63% were male (n = 15). Mean parent age was 35 (SD = 5.83), 84% were female (n = 21), and 48.0% were Black (n = 12). For child-only comparisons, mean post-SF-CSHQ measures were lower compared to baseline. A trend in parent sleep is reported. This study shows the potential of an audio-based mobile sleep aid to improve sleep health in a racially diverse parent and child dyad sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Chung
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (P.J.); (D.K.)
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (P.J.); (D.K.)
| | - Dimitra Kamboukos
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (P.J.); (D.K.)
| | - Rebecca Robbins
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Judite Blanc
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (J.B.); (G.J.-L.); (A.S.)
| | - Girardin Jean-Louis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (J.B.); (G.J.-L.); (A.S.)
| | - Azizi Seixas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (J.B.); (G.J.-L.); (A.S.)
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17
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Hedin G, Norell-Clarke A, Tønnesen H, Westergren A, Garmy P. Contributory Factors for Teen Insomnia Symptoms: A Prospective Cohort Study in Sweden. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:904974. [PMID: 35837125 PMCID: PMC9275817 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.904974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Insufficient sleep is a public health problem that impacts the mental and physical health of children and adolescents. Complaints of insomnia are particularly pervasive among adolescents. This longitudinal study investigates factors that contribute to teen insomnia symptoms. Design Five-year prospective follow-up study. Setting School-based. Participants A total of 522 children (49.8% girls) aged 9.4 ± 1.3 years at baseline; 14.4 ± 0.7 years at follow-up. Measurements The dependent variable of insomnia symptoms at follow-up was assessed with the Minimal Insomnia Symptom Scale-Revised. The independent variables at baseline were the perceived family financial situation, tiredness at school, problems waking up, short sleep duration, sleeping difficulties, having a bedroom Television (TV), and time spent with a TV/computer. Multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to examine whether the independent variables at baseline predicted insomnia symptoms at follow-up. Results Perceived quite bad/very bad family financial situation (OR 3.1; CI 1.4–6.7) and short sleep duration (<10 h) (OR 2.3; CI 1.0–5.3) among girls at baseline were associated with insomnia symptoms at follow-up. Having problems waking up among boys at baseline was associated with insomnia symptoms at follow-up (OR 4.9; CI 1.6–14.4). Conclusion Short sleep duration, problems waking up, and perceived bad family financial situation during childhood were linked with adolescent insomnia symptoms. The sex-based differences in these associations warrant further investigation to effectively mitigate adolescent insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Hedin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Clinical Health Promotion Centre, WHO-Collaborating Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Gita Hedin,
| | - Annika Norell-Clarke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Hanne Tønnesen
- Clinical Health Promotion Centre, WHO-Collaborating Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Albert Westergren
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Garmy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Clinical Health Promotion Centre, WHO-Collaborating Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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18
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Bendaoud I, Etindele Sosso FA. Socioeconomic Position and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: A Systematic Review of Social Epidemiological Studies. Clocks Sleep 2022; 4:240-259. [PMID: 35645243 PMCID: PMC9149899 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep4020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this empirical study are to describe and discuss the current literature available on the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and the socioeconomic position (SEP) as well as to provide recommendations for consideration of SEP in sleep medicine and biomedical research. Databases Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Google scholar and Scopus were screened from January 1990 to December 2020 using PRISMA guidelines and 20 articles were included in the final synthesis. Nineteen studies were cross-sectional and one study was longitudinal. Among these studies, 25.00% (n = 5) are focused on children and adolescent and the remaining 75.00% (n = 15) focused on adults and seniors. Ages ranged from 8 to 18 years old for children/adolescent and ranged from 18 to 102 years old for adults. Main SEP measures presented in these studies were education, income, perceived socioeconomic status and employment. The sample size in these studies varied from N = 90 participants to N = 33,865 participants. Overall, a lower educational level, a lower income and full-time employment were associated with EDS. Symptoms of EDS are prevalent in women, especially those with a low income or no job; and children and adolescents with difficult living conditions or working part time reported more sleep disturbances. SEP is already considered as an important determinant for many health outcomes, but if SEP is embedded in the experimental design in psychosomatic research, biomedical research and clinical practice as a constant variable regardless of outcome; it will move forward future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imene Bendaoud
- Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Global Health and Ecoepidemiology, Redavis Institute, Montreal, QC H3S 1X5, Canada;
- Correspondence:
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19
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Novak JR, Gillis BT. A primer on sleep for MFTs: Implications and practical considerations. JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2022; 48:543-559. [PMID: 33982307 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite many marriage and family therapists (MFTs) utilizing the Biopsychosocial-Spiritual (BPSS) framework in assessment and treatment, there is still a lack of education on sleep and the implications for mental, emotional, and relational health. Newer research within many fields highlights the far-reaching spillover effects of short or poor-quality sleep that can affect our clients. MFTs need to know how to assess, how to provide proper psychoeducation, how to apply this knowledge in clinical settings, and how to collaborate with other healthcare providers. As such, the purpose of this article is threefold: (a) review the biopsychosocial-spiritual importance of sleep; (b) equip MFTs with information on sleep assessment, how to identify situations for referral, and how to provide psychoeducation on sleep hygiene; and (c) review important considerations for research and practice for MFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Novak
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Brian T Gillis
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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20
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Fronberg KM, Bai S, Teti DM. Household chaos mediates the link between family resources and child sleep. Sleep Health 2022; 8:121-129. [PMID: 34930713 PMCID: PMC8821371 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the mediational role of household chaos in the link between family resources and child sleep outcomes during the transition to kindergarten. PROCEDURES Participants included 230 families of children entering kindergarten (50% female) who participated in an 8-day measurement burst at pre-kindergarten (July-August), early kindergarten (September/October), and mid-kindergarten (November/December). At pre-kindergarten, mothers completFed the Family Resources Scale-Revised (FRS-R), while at pre- and early-kindergarten, trained observers assessed household chaos using the Descriptive In-Home Survey of Chaos-Observer ReporteD (DISCORD). To better understand perturbations in child sleep during this transition, actiwatches (AW Spectrum Plus, Philips/Respironics, Murrysville, PA) were used to measure both child sleep duration and proportion of recommended sleep duration (9+ hours per night) at early- and mid-kindergarten. MAIN FINDINGS Results found that family resources were more clearly predictive of child sleep outcomes than household income. Controlling for quality of coparenting and maternal depressive symptoms, household chaos mediated the link between family resources and child sleep duration at both early and mid-kindergarten, the link between family resources and the proportion of recommended sleep duration in mid-kindergarten, and the change in proportion of recommended sleep from pre-kindergarten to early-kindergarten. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight household chaos as a mechanism by which family resources, a metric of socioeconomic risk, influences child sleep during the transition to kindergarten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin M Fronberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sunhye Bai
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Douglas M Teti
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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21
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Alaribe CU, Nwabara OU, Spruyt K. Daily concordance between ecological stressors and sleep in young minority children during the pre-COVID-19 outbreak period. SLEEP EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 1:100007. [PMID: 35673625 PMCID: PMC8442306 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepe.2021.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the COVID-19 pandemic brings widespread changes in families, the sociology of sleep becomes noticeable. Yet, the socio-contextual determinants of a biopsychosocial phenomenon as sleep are poorly investigated. We examine changes concomitantly occurring in the child's sleep per familial and community stressors. METHODS During the pre-COVID-19 outbreak period, in 24 minority children (5.4 ± 1.7 years old, 54.2% girls), sleep was objectively measured 24 h for two consecutive weeks, and this was repeated three times over the study period of three months. The caregiver filled out questionnaires surveying sociodemographic, community and family aspects. RESULTS Children went to bed at 22:26 and woke up at 07:04, with each a variability of about 50 min. Money and time were revealed as related key stressors to sleep. Five dimensions best fitted their association. In general, concurrent changes within the individual child indicate that mean sleep variables seem to relate to predominantly features of the stressors (explained variance of 34.7 to 56.7%), while variability of sleep tends to associate to situational aspects of the stressors (explained variance of 30.4 to 61.8%). Associations were best explained in terms of the 24 h dimension, particularly exposing sleep variability. CONCLUSION Individual variabilities in a child's sleep are associated with familial resources, such as caregiver's time to self, money and basic needs. Time spent in bed, a modifiable factor by society and shaper of sleep quantity and quality, plays a key role in stressor-sleep associations. Insights from biopsychosocial perspectives may be valuable for understanding COVID-19 sleep studies, and the development of (post-) COVID-19 sleep recommendations.
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Key Words
- BN, basic needs
- BT, bedtime
- Child
- Family
- M, money
- Minority
- PEV, percentage explained variance
- RESTLESS, restlessness index
- RT, Risetime
- SES, socioeconomic status
- SOFL, sleep offset latency
- SONL, sleep onset latency
- Sleep duration
- Sleep variability
- Stress
- TF, time for family
- TIB, time in bed
- TS, time for self
- TST, total sleep time
- USS, urban stress score
- WASO, wake after sleep onset
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Affiliation(s)
- Calista U Alaribe
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Odochi U Nwabara
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen Spruyt
- NeuroDiderot -INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris F-75019, France
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22
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Ünalp A, Baysal BT, Sarıtaş S, Güzin Y, Edizer S, Akışın Z, Yılmaz Ü. Evaluation of the effects of ketogenic diet therapy on sleep quality in children with drug-resistant epilepsy and their mothers. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 124:108327. [PMID: 34627070 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are common in drug-resistant children with epilepsy and their mothers. Ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) may have positive effects on sleep quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sleep quality of children with epilepsy and their mothers after starting KDT. METHODS Using a prospective cross-sectional model, pre- and post-KDT questionnaires were given to the study subjects. A children's sleep habits questionnaire was administered to children with epilepsy, and the Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire was administered to their mothers. Sociodemographic and some clinical categorical variables of the patient group were evaluated using descriptive statistics. Evaluation of the data was conducted using the Wilcoxon and paired t-tests as parametric and non-parametric tests. RESULTS Of 24 patients scheduled to begin KDT between January 2019 and January 2020, 14 were included in the study. Regarding sleep quality, improvement was reported in 7 (50%) of 14 patients, deterioration in 5 (35.7%) patients, and no change was seen in 2 (14.3%) patients. Sleep quality was reported to improve in all working mothers. Seven (50%) patients reported no seizures and 6 (42.9%) patients reported more than 50% seizure reduction. Although there were improvements in sleep scores in both groups, these improvements were not statistically significant. A significant decrease in sleep anxiety was reported in children after the third month of the KDT (p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study determined that three months of KDT offered significant improvement on the sleep anxiety of children with epilepsy. It was thought that paying attention to patient selection may lead to better sleep quality by increasing compliance to KDT. However, a larger scale study and longer term follow-up should be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aycan Ünalp
- Health Sciences University, İzmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Bahar Toklu Baysal
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Serdar Sarıtaş
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yiğithan Güzin
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Selvinaz Edizer
- Health Sciences University, İzmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Akışın
- Health Sciences University Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Nutrition and Dietitian, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ünsal Yılmaz
- Health Sciences University, İzmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-İzmir, Turkey
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23
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Sasser J, Oshri A, Duprey EB, Doane LD, Peltz JS. Daytime sleepiness underlies the link between adverse parenting and youth psychopathology among adolescent girls. J Adolesc 2021; 90:32-44. [PMID: 34098243 PMCID: PMC8282730 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse parenting is associated with sleep problems in adolescence, including sleep quality, inadequate sleep, and daytime sleepiness. Adolescents who experience sleep problems are at greater risk for developing internalizing and externalizing problems. However, research on the intervening role of sleep in the link between adverse parenting and youth psychopathology remains limited. The present study aimed to examine the indirect effects of adverse parenting on youth internalizing and externalizing psychopathology via sleep problems, and to examine the moderating role of gender in associations between parenting and sleep. METHODS Participants were 101 low-income youth aged 9-12 (52.5% female; 75.2% African-American) and their primary caregivers. Families were from a non-metropolitan region in the Southeastern United States. Data were collected at two time points (T1; Mage = 10.28, SD = 1.2; T2; Mage = 12.08, SD = 1.2). Adverse parenting was measured at T1, youth-reported sleep problems (inadequacy, disturbance) and daytime sleepiness were assessed at T2, and parent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms were measured at T2. RESULTS Daytime sleepiness served as an intervening variable in associations between adverse parenting and internalizing and externalizing problems, but sleep problems did not. This indirect association was moderated by gender, such that the association between adverse parenting and daytime sleepiness only emerged as significant for girls. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that daytime-related sleep behaviors may serve as a mechanism through which harsh or neglectful parenting is related to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in adolescence, particularly for adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeri Sasser
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, 105 Foster Rd, Athens, GA, 30606, USA.
| | - Erinn B Duprey
- Mt Hope Family Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, 187 Edinburgh St, Rochester, NY, 14608, USA.
| | - Leah D Doane
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
| | - Jack S Peltz
- Department of Psychological Science, Daemen College, 4380 Main St, Amherst, NY, 14226, USA.
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