1
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Guo Y, Chen Y, Wang D, Liu G, Chen Y, Peng C, Cao T, Liu Y, Hu X, Xu X, Ke Y, Huang S, Wang T, Lv Z. Artemisinin and its derivatives modulate glucose homeostasis and gut microbiota remodeling in a nutritional context. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109687. [PMID: 38866191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Glucose metabolic disorders, prevalent in numerous metabolic diseases, have become a pressing global public health concern. Artemisinin (ART) and its derivatives, including artesunate (ARTs) and artemether (ARTe), have shown potential as metabolic regulators. However, the specific effects of ART and its derivatives on glucose metabolism under varying nutritional conditions and the associated molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we examined the impact of ART, ARTs, and ARTe on glucose homeostasis using a mouse model subjected to different dietary regimens. Our findings revealed that ART, ARTs, and ARTe increased blood glucose levels in mice on a normal-chow diet (ND) while mitigating glucose imbalances in high-fat diet (HFD) mice. Notably, treatment with ART, ARTs, and ARTe had contrasting effects on in vivo insulin signaling, impairing it in ND mice and enhancing it in HFD mice. Moreover, the composition of gut microbiota underwent significant alterations following administration of ART and its derivatives. In ND mice, these treatments reduced the populations of bacteria beneficial for improving glucose homeostasis, including Parasutterella, Alloprevotella, Bifidobacterium, Ileibacterium, and Alistipes. In HFD mice, there was an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Alistipes, Akkermanisia) and a decrease in bacteria known to negatively impact glucose metabolism (Coprobacillus, Helicobacter, Mucispirillum, Enterorhabdus). Altogether, ART, ARTs, and ARTe exhibited distinct effects on the regulation of glucose metabolism, depending on the nutritional context, and these effects were closely associated with modifications in gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China; School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangnan Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changfeng Peng
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China; School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuebin Ke
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Suli Huang
- Medical School of Public Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ziquan Lv
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Stener-Victorin E. Remedy hope for polycystic ovary syndrome. Science 2024; 384:1174-1175. [PMID: 38870311 DOI: 10.1126/science.adq0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Antimalarial suppresses ovarian androgen synthesis to relieve polycystic ovary syndrome.
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3
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Liu Y, Jiang JJ, Du SY, Mu LS, Fan JJ, Hu JC, Ye Y, Ding M, Zhou WY, Yu QH, Xia YF, Xu HY, Shi YJ, Qian SW, Tang Y, Li W, Dang YJ, Dong X, Li XY, Xu CJ, Tang QQ. Artemisinins ameliorate polycystic ovarian syndrome by mediating LONP1-CYP11A1 interaction. Science 2024; 384:eadk5382. [PMID: 38870290 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk5382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent reproductive disorder in women of reproductive age, features androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. Despite its high prevalence, specific pharmacologic intervention for PCOS is challenging. In this study, we identified artemisinins as anti-PCOS agents. Our finding demonstrated the efficacy of artemisinin derivatives in alleviating PCOS symptoms in both rodent models and human patients, curbing hyperandrogenemia through suppression of ovarian androgen synthesis. Artemisinins promoted cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1) protein degradation to block androgen overproduction. Mechanistically, artemisinins directly targeted lon peptidase 1 (LONP1), enhanced LONP1-CYP11A1 interaction, and facilitated LONP1-catalyzed CYP11A1 degradation. Overexpression of LONP1 replicated the androgen-lowering effect of artemisinins. Our data suggest that artemisinin application is a promising approach for treating PCOS and highlight the crucial role of the LONP1-CYP11A1 interaction in controlling hyperandrogenism and PCOS occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing-Jing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shao-Yue Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang-Shan Mu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Jun Fan
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jun-Chi Hu
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yao Ye
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiu-Han Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Yi-Fan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Wen Qian
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Yong-Jun Dang
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xi Dong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cong-Jian Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Liu Y, Liang J, Liu Z, Tian X, Sun C. Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase promotes white adipocytes browning by activating the RAS/ERK pathway and undergoing crotonylation modification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130816. [PMID: 38503371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Acetylation modification has a wide range of functional roles in almost all physiological processes, such as transcription and energy metabolism. Crotonylation modification is mainly involved in RNA processing, nucleic acid metabolism, chromosome assembly and gene expression, and it's found that there is a competitive relationship between crotonylation modification and acetylation modification. Previous study found that dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (DLD) was highly expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of white adipose tissue browning model mice, suggesting that DLD is closely related to white fat browning. This study was performed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blotting (WB), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Immunofluorescence staining, JC-1 staining, Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos staining, Oil red O staining, Bodipy staining, HE staining, and Blood lipid quadruple test. The assay revealed that DLD promotes browning of white adipose tissue in mice. Cellularly, DLD was found to promote white adipocytes browning by activating mitochondrial function through the RAS/ERK pathway. Further studies revealed that the crotonylation modification and acetylation modification of DLD had mutual inhibitory effects. Meanwhile, DLD crotonylation promoted white adipocytes browning, while DLD acetylation did the opposite. Finally, protein interaction analysis and Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays identified Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) as a decrotonylation and deacetylation modification enzyme of regulates DLD. In conclusion, DLD promotes browning of white adipocytes by activating mitochondrial function through crotonylation modification and the RAS/ERK pathway, providing a theoretical basis for the control and treatment of obesity, which is of great significance for the treatment of obesity and obesity-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Juntong Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zunhai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xin Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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5
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Guo X, Asthana P, Zhai L, Cheng KW, Gurung S, Huang J, Wu J, Zhang Y, Mahato AK, Saarma M, Ustav M, Kwan HY, Lyu A, Chan KM, Xu P, Bian ZX, Wong HLX. Artesunate treats obesity in male mice and non-human primates through GDF15/GFRAL signalling axis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1034. [PMID: 38310105 PMCID: PMC10838268 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a global health challenge, is a major risk factor for multiple life-threatening diseases, including diabetes, fatty liver, and cancer. There is an ongoing need to identify safe and tolerable therapeutics for obesity management. Herein, we show that treatment with artesunate, an artemisinin derivative approved by the FDA for the treatment of severe malaria, effectively reduces body weight and improves metabolic profiles in preclinical models of obesity, including male mice with overnutrition-induced obesity and male cynomolgus macaques with spontaneous obesity, without inducing nausea and malaise. Artesunate promotes weight loss and reduces food intake in obese mice and cynomolgus macaques by increasing circulating levels of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15), an appetite-regulating hormone with a brainstem-restricted receptor, the GDNF family receptor α-like (GFRAL). Mechanistically, artesunate induces the expression of GDF15 in multiple organs, especially the liver, in mice through a C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)-directed integrated stress response. Inhibition of GDF15/GFRAL signalling by genetic ablation of GFRAL or tissue-specific knockdown of GDF15 abrogates the anti-obesity effect of artesunate in mice with diet-induced obesity, suggesting that artesunate controls bodyweight and appetite in a GDF15/GFRAL signalling-dependent manner. These data highlight the therapeutic benefits of artesunate in the treatment of obesity and related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanming Guo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pallavi Asthana
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Lixiang Zhai
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Wing Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Susma Gurung
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiangang Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Arun Kumar Mahato
- Institute of Biotechnology-HILIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mart Saarma
- Institute of Biotechnology-HILIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kui Ming Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pingyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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6
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Chen X, Xiang J, Gao P, Wang L, Xiang L, Lu Z, Cao T, Mou A, Zhang X, Jiang X, Zhu Z, Lang H. Artemisinin alleviates obesity-related glomerulopathy by downregulating CYP24A1 expression. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:767-771. [PMID: 37921082 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Chen
- Medical College, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Medical College, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Centre for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, and Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Centre for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, and Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongshi Lu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Centre for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, and Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingbing Cao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Centre for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, and Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Aidi Mou
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Centre for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, and Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingping Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Centre for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, and Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Lang
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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7
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Wang R, Wang Y, Niu Y, He D, Jin S, Li Z, Zhu L, Chen L, Wu X, Ding C, Wu T, Shi X, Zhang H, Li C, Wang X, Xie Z, Li W, Liu Y. Deep Learning-Predicted Dihydroartemisinin Rescues Osteoporosis by Maintaining Mesenchymal Stem Cell Stemness through Activating Histone 3 Lys 9 Acetylation. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1927-1943. [PMID: 37901168 PMCID: PMC10604014 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the stemness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) is crucial for bone homeostasis and regeneration. However, in vitro expansion and bone diseases impair BMMSC stemness, limiting its functionality in bone tissue engineering. Using a deep learning-based efficacy prediction system and bone tissue sequencing, we identify a natural small-molecule compound, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), that maintains BMMSC stemness and enhances bone regeneration. During long-term in vitro expansion, DHA preserves BMMSC stemness characteristics, including its self-renewal ability and unbiased differentiation. In an osteoporosis mouse model, oral administration of DHA restores the femur trabecular structure, bone density, and BMMSC stemness in situ. Mechanistically, DHA maintains BMMSC stemness by promoting histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation via GCN5 activation both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the bone-targeted delivery of DHA by mesoporous silica nanoparticles improves its therapeutic efficacy in osteoporosis. Collectively, DHA could be a promising therapeutic agent for treating osteoporosis by maintaining BMMSC stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Wang
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuting Niu
- Central
Laboratory, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical
Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory
for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key
Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering
and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health &
NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials & Translational Research
Center for Orocraniofacial Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Central
Laboratory, Peking University School and
Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Danqing He
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shanshan Jin
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zixin Li
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lisha Zhu
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaolan Wu
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengye Ding
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinmeng Shi
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Zhang
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chang Li
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Peking
University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking
University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory
of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for
Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and
Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of
Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology
for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory
for Dental Materials & Translational Research Center for Orocraniofacial
Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University
School and Hospital for Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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8
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Feng Z, Chen J, Chen C, Feng L, Wang R, Zhu J, Lou R, Liu J, Ye Y, Lin L. Bioactivity-based molecular networking-guided identification of guttiferone J from Garcinia cambogia as an anti-obesity candidate. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:589-608. [PMID: 36321884 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pharmacological intervention to induce browning of white adipose tissue provides a promising anti-obesity therapy. The fruits of Garcinia cambogia (Clusiaceae) have been widely applied to manage body weight; however, the chemical principles remain unclear. The current study aims to discover browning inducers from the fruits of G. cambogia and investigate the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The bioactivity-based molecular networking and Oil Red O staining on 3T3-L1 and C3H10T1/2 adipocytes were applied for guided isolation. High-fat diet-induced obese mice were recruited to evaluate the anti-obesity activity. KEY RESULTS The bioactivity-based molecular networking-guided isolation yielded several polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from the fruits of G. cambogia with lipid-lowering effect in adipocytes, including guttiferone J (GOJ), garcinol and 14-deoxygarcinol. As the most potent one, GOJ (10 μM) reduced lipid accumulation by 70% and 76% in 3T3-L1 and C3H10T1/2 adipocytes, respectively. Furthermore, GOJ (2.5-10 μM) increased the expression of the deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and activated it, which, in turn, reduced the acetylation level of PPARγ coactivator-1α to boost mitochondrial biogenesis and promoted uncoupling protein 1 expression to enhance thermogenesis, resulting in browning of adipocytes. In high-fat diet-induced-obese mice, GOJ (10 and 20 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 for 12 weeks) protected against adiposity, hyperlipidaemia, insulin resistance and liver lipotoxicity, through boosting SIRT3-mediated browning of inguinal adipose tissue. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS GOJ represents a new scaffold of thermogenic inducer, which is responsible for the anti-obesity property of G. cambogia and can be further developed as a candidate for treating obesity and its related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Lu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ruohan Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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9
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Hua H, Wu M, Wu T, Ji Y, Jin L, Du Y, Zhang Y, Huang S, Zhang A, Ding G, Liu Q, Jia Z. Reduction of NADPH oxidase 4 in adipocytes contributes to the anti-obesity effect of dihydroartemisinin. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14028. [PMID: 36915539 PMCID: PMC10006843 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin derivatives have been found to have anti-obesity effects recently, but the mechanism is still controversial. Herein, long-term DHA treatment in obese mice significantly reduced the body weight and improved glucose metabolism. However, short-term DHA treatment did not affect glucose metabolism in obese mice, suggesting that the improved glucose metabolism in mice with DHA treatment could be secondary to body weight reduction. Consistent with previous reports, we observed that DHA inhibited the differentiation of adipocytes. Mechanistically, DHA significantly reduced the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in white adipose tissue (WAT) of mice and differentiated adipocytes, and using NOX4 siRNA or the NOX4 inhibitor GKT137831 significantly attenuated adipocyte differentiation. Over-expression of NOX4 partially reversed the inhibition effect of DHA on adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes. In addition, targeted proteomics analysis showed that DHA improved the abnormality of metabolic pathways. In conclusion, DHA significantly reduced fat mass and improved glucose metabolism in obese mice, possibly by inhibiting NOX4 expression to suppress adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Hua
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lv Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guixia Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqi Liu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Yao T, Yan H, Zhu X, Zhang Q, Kong X, Guo S, Feng Y, Wang H, Hua Y, Zhang J, Mittelman SD, Tontonoz P, Zhou Z, Liu T, Kong X. Obese Skeletal Muscle-Expressed Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 Transcriptionally Regulates Mitochondrial Branched-Chain Aminotransferase Reprogramming Metabolome. Diabetes 2022; 71:2256-2271. [PMID: 35713959 PMCID: PMC9630087 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the significant role in physical activity, skeletal muscle also contributes to health through the storage and use of macronutrients associated with energy homeostasis. However, the mechanisms of regulating integrated metabolism in skeletal muscle are not well-defined. Here, we compared the skeletal muscle transcriptome from obese and lean control subjects in different species (human and mouse) and found that interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), an inflammation-immune transcription factor, conservatively increased in obese subjects. Thus, we investigated whether IRF4 gain of function in the skeletal muscle predisposed to obesity and insulin resistance. Conversely, mice with specific IRF4 loss in skeletal muscle showed protection against the metabolic effects of high-fat diet, increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) level of serum and muscle, and reprogrammed metabolome in serum. Mechanistically, IRF4 could transcriptionally upregulate mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase (BCATm) expression; subsequently, the enhanced BCATm could counteract the effects caused by IRF4 deletion. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IRF4 ablation in skeletal muscle enhanced mitochondrial activity, BCAA, and fatty acid oxidation in a BCATm-dependent manner. Taken together, these studies, for the first time, established IRF4 as a novel metabolic driver of macronutrients via BCATm in skeletal muscle in terms of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hongmei Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghao Feng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghui Hua
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Steven D. Mittelman
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tiemin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingxing Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Law SK, Wang Y, Lu X, Au DCT, Chow WYL, Leung AWN, Xu C. Chinese medicinal herbs as potential prodrugs for obesity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1016004. [PMID: 36263142 PMCID: PMC9573959 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1016004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a leading worldwide health threat with ever-growing prevalence, it promotes the incidence of various diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used to control body weight and treat obesity for thousands of years, Chinese medicinal herbs provide a rich natural source of effective agents against obesity. However, some problems such as complex active ingredients, poor quality control, and unclear therapeutic mechanisms still need to be investigated and resolved. Prodrugs provide a path forward to overcome TCM deficiencies such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) properties, and toxicity. This article aimed to review the possible prodrugs from various medicinal plants that demonstrate beneficial effects on obesity and seek to offer insights on prodrug design as well as a solution to the global obesity issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Kan Law
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinchen Lu
- Faculty of Science and Technology, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dawn Ching Tung Au
- Faculty of Science and Technology, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wesley Yeuk Lung Chow
- Faculty of Science and Technology, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Chuanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chuanshan Xu,
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12
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Zhang N, Liu J, Wang M, Guo X, Fan B, Wang F. Potato protease inhibitor II prevents obesity by inducing browning of white adipose tissue in mice via β 3 adrenergic receptor signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3885-3899. [PMID: 36017979 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There are currently few effective and safe pharmacologic means for inducing beige adipogenesis in humans. This study highlights the role of potato protease inhibitor II (PPI II) in regulating the browning of adipose tissue. The in vitro results showed that PPI II increased the expression of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) protein and gene and beige-specific genes, including Cd137, Cited1, Tbx1, and Tmem26 in vitro. PPI II treatment for three months in diet-induced obesity mice increased the levels of the UCP1 protein in white adipose tissue, causing elevated energy expenditure, thus preventing obesity and improving glucose tolerance. Mechanistic studies further revealed that PPI II regulated the abundance and activity of β3 adrenergic receptor (β3 -AR) in white adipocytes. Chemical-inhibition experiments revealed the crucial role of β3 -AR-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)-p38 kinase (p38)/extracellular signal-related kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling in PPI II-mediated browning program of white adipose tissues. In summary, our findings highlight the role of PPI II in beige adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis and provide new insights into its use in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minjie Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Guo X, Ma R, Wang M, Wui-Man Lau B, Chen X, Li Y. Novel perspectives on the therapeutic role of cryptotanshinone in the management of stem cell behaviors for high-incidence diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:971444. [PMID: 36046823 PMCID: PMC9420941 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.971444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone (CTS), a diterpenoid quinone, is found mostly in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (S. miltiorrhiza) and plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, such as cell proliferation/self-renewal, differentiation and apoptosis. In particular, CTS’s profound physiological impact on various stem cell populations and their maintenance and fate determination could improve the efficiency and accuracy of stem cell therapy for high-incidence disease. However, as much promise CTS holds, these CTS-mediated processes are complex and multifactorial and many of the underlying mechanisms as well as their clinical significance for high-incidence diseases are not yet fully understood. This review aims to shed light on the impact and mechanisms of CTS on the actions of diverse stem cells and the involvement of CTS in the many processes of stem cell behavior and provide new insights for the application of CTS and stem cell therapy in treating high-incidence diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruishuang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Benson Wui-Man Lau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaopeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaopeng Chen, ; Yue Li,
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaopeng Chen, ; Yue Li,
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14
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Artemisinin and Its Derivate Alleviate Pulmonary Hypertension and Vasoconstriction in Rodent Models. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2782429. [PMID: 35757500 PMCID: PMC9232380 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2782429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex pulmonary vasculature disease characterized by progressive obliteration of small pulmonary arteries and persistent increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, resulting in right heart failure and death if left untreated. Artemisinin (ARS) and its derivatives, which are common antimalarial drugs, have been found to possess a broad range of biological effects. Here, we sought to determine the therapeutic benefit and mechanism of ARS and its derivatives treatment in experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH) models. Methods Isolated perfused/ventilated lung and isometric tension measurements in arteries were performed to test pulmonary vasoconstriction and relaxation. Monocrotaline (MCT) and hypoxia+Su5416 (SuHx) were administered to rats to induce severe PH. Evaluation methods of ARS treatment and its derivatives in animal models include echocardiography, hemodynamics measurement, and histological staining. In vitro, the effect of these drugs on proliferation, viability, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) was examined in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs). Results ARS treatment attenuated pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by high K+ solution or alveolar hypoxia, decreased pulmonary artery (PA) basal vascular tension, improved acetylcholine- (ACh-) induced endothelial-dependent relaxation, increased endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activity and NO levels, and decreased levels of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits (NOX2 and NOX4) expression, NAD(P)H oxidase activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of pulmonary arteries (PAs) in MCT-PH rats. NOS inhibitor, L-NAME, abrogated the effects of ARS on PA constriction and relaxation. Furthermore, chronic application of both ARS and its derivative dihydroartemisinin (DHA) attenuated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), Fulton index (right ventricular hypertrophy), and vascular remodeling of PAs in the two rat PH models. In addition, DHA inhibited proliferation and migration of hypoxia-induced PASMCs. Conclusions In conclusion, these results indicate that treatment with ARS or DHA can inhibit PA vasoconstriction, PASMC proliferation and migration, and vascular remodeling, as well as improve PA endothelium-dependent relaxation, and eventually attenuate the development and progression of PH. These effects might be achieved by decreasing NAD(P)H oxidase generated ROS production and increasing eNOS activation to release NO in PAs. ARS and its derivatives might have the potential to be novel drugs for the treatment of PH.
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15
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Xu J, He X, Huang X, Zhang F, Ren X, Asakiya C, Li Y, Huang K. Artemether Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Repressing Lipogenesis, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851342. [PMID: 35586049 PMCID: PMC9108288 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a widespread disease, but no recognized drug treatment exists. Previous studies have shown that artemether (Art) can ameliorate carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)–induced liver fibrosis in mice. This study sets out to observe the therapeutic impact of Art on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods: Model mice were provided with a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 28 weeks, respectively, and then treated with Art. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analyzed gene expression changes caused by Art treatment. The molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effects of Art on NASH was studied in the mouse liver and HepG2 cells. Results: Art treatment significantly attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation and liver damage in MCD diet– or HFD-induced NASH mice. The RNA-Seq analysis revealed lipid metabolism as a major pathway suppressed by Art administration, in addition to the regulation of inflammation pathways. Mechanistically, Art reduced lipid accumulation by repressing de novo lipogenesis of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1), promoting lipolysis of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC1α), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-1a) in NASH mouse liver and HepG2 cells. In addition, Art inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and reduced inflammatory infiltration by effectively inhibiting M1 macrophage activation. Furthermore, Art inhibited transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β), and the SMAD signaling pathway mediates the development of liver fibrosis. Inclusion: Art improved fat deposition by repressing de novo lipogenesis and promoting lipolysis in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, Art improved inflammation and fibrosis with a significant effect. It is a prospective therapeutic agent for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Charles Asakiya
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Li, ; Kunlun Huang,
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Li, ; Kunlun Huang,
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16
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Xiao L, Xu Q, Liu X, Chan S, Luo Y, He S, Fang M. The Novel-miR-659/SPP1 Interaction Regulates Fat Deposition in Castrated Male Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12080944. [PMID: 35454191 PMCID: PMC9031235 DOI: 10.3390/ani12080944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Castration is a standard method for eliminating boar taint in industrial hog production, but it also causes enormous fat accumulation in the carcass. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) was selected to investigate its functions on the regulation of adipose deposition based on our previous data. In the present study, SPP1 overexpression and interference bidirectionally verified that SPP1 inhibited adipogenic differentiation of porcine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (pBMSCs). Testosterone-treated cell models were used to simulate the androgen status of intact pigs, and testosterone addition influenced SPP1 mRNA levels during the differentiation of pBMSCs. Moreover, we identified novel-miR-659 and targeted the 3′ untranslated region of SPP1 based on bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase assays, and found that the novel-miR-659 upregulation promoted adipogenesis while novel-miR-659 downregulation suppressed adipogenesis in pBMSCs detected by Oil Red O staining and adipogenic markers. Collectively, the interaction between novel-miR-659 and SPP1 can regulate adipose accumulation in castrated male pigs. Our data provide a theoretical basis for further study on the fat deposition mechanism caused by castration. Abstract Castration is usually used to remove boar taint in commercial pork production, but the adipose accumulation was increased excessively, which affected the meat quality of pigs. Based on our previous study, secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) was significantly differentially expressed between castrated and intact male pigs. However, the role of SPP1 in regulating adipose growth and fat storage caused by castration is unknown. In this study, SPP1 was identified to inhibit adipogenesis by the expression of adipogenic markers PPARγ and FABP4 as well as Oil red staining assay during differentiation of porcine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (pBMSCs). Subsequently, testosterone was used to treat pBMSCs to simulate the androgen status of intact pigs. Compared with the control groups without testosterone, the SPP1 expression in the testosterone group was markedly increased in the late stage of pBMSCs differentiation. Furthermore, novel-miR-659 was predicted by TargetScan and miRDB to target SPP1 and verified through a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Oil Red O staining assay indicated that novel-miR-659 overexpression significantly promoted adipogenesis, whereas novel-miR-659 inhibition suppressed adipogenesis. The expressions of adipogenic markers PPARγ and FABP4 showed the same tendency. Taken together, our study found that the targeted interaction between novel-miR-659 and SPP1 is involved in regulation of fat deposition in castrated male pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmei Xiao
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.X.); (Q.X.); (X.L.); (S.C.); (Y.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Qiao Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.X.); (Q.X.); (X.L.); (S.C.); (Y.L.); (S.H.)
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ximing Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.X.); (Q.X.); (X.L.); (S.C.); (Y.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Shuheng Chan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.X.); (Q.X.); (X.L.); (S.C.); (Y.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Yabiao Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.X.); (Q.X.); (X.L.); (S.C.); (Y.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Shuaihan He
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.X.); (Q.X.); (X.L.); (S.C.); (Y.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Meiying Fang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.X.); (Q.X.); (X.L.); (S.C.); (Y.L.); (S.H.)
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-62734943
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17
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Ma L, Zhao Z, Guo X, Li J, Xu L, Mei W, Dong G, Zhong Z, Yang Z. Tanshinone IIA and its derivative activate thermogenesis in adipocytes and induce "beiging" of white adipose tissue. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 544:111557. [PMID: 35032625 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TAN2A) is a major active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza used in traditional Chinese medicine and tanshinone 20 (TAN20) is a derivative of TAN2A. In this study, we examined the effects of TAN2A and TAN20 on adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis. Our experiments showed that both TAN2A and TAN20 increased mitochondria content in adipose tissue, enhanced energy expenditure, reduced body weight, and improved insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis in obese and diabetic mouse models. We demonstrated that TAN20 can facilitate the transformation from white to beige adipose tissue, as well as activate brown adipose tissue. In uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) knockout mouse model, the effects of TAN2A and TAN20 on body weight and glucose tolerance were not observed, suggesting that such effects were UCP1 dependent. Furthermore, we found that TAN2A and TAN20 increased the expression of UCP1 and other thermogenic genes in adipocytes through AMPK-PGC-1α signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that TAN2A and its derivative TAN20 are potential interesting energy expenditure regulators and may be implicated in treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zewei Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xuemin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translation Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong Province, China; Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Jin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Wenjie Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Geng Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China; Medical Informatics Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translation Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong Province, China; Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zhonghan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong Province, China.
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18
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Mutamba AK, He X, Wang T. Therapeutic advances in overcoming intrauterine growth restriction induced metabolic syndrome. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1040742. [PMID: 36714657 PMCID: PMC9875160 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1040742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a great public health challenge as it affects neonatal survival and influences their normal biological development and metabolism. Several clinical researches have revealed the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, as direct results of IUGR. Therefore, it is essential to understand its underlying mechanism, impact and develop effective therapies. The purpose of this work is to review the current knowledge on IUGR induced metabolic syndrome and relevant therapies. Here in, we elaborate on the characteristics and causes of IUGR by pointing out recent research findings. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of IUGR on different organs of the body, followed by preclinical studies on IUGR using suitable animal models. Additionally, various metabolic disorders with their genetic implications, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity are detailed. Finally, the current therapeutic options used in the treatment of IUGR are summarized with some prospective therapies highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpha Kalonda Mutamba
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaori He
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Gu C, She X, Zhou C, Su T, He S, Meng C, Gu Q, Luo D, Zheng Z, Qiu Q. Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates retinal vascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus via the FASN/Kmal-mTOR/SREBP1 feedback loop. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105871. [PMID: 34619345 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular dysfunction is the primary aetiology of visual impairment caused by diabetic retinopathy (DR). Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the active metabolite of the antimalarials artemisinins, exhibits antiangiogenic properties in numerous diseases. Here, we investigated the function and mechanisms of DHA as a vasculoprotective agent in DR. DHA exerted its protective effect on vascular injuries in diabetic mice and inhibited cell proliferation and tube formation in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells by decreasing the level of fatty acid synthase (FASN), enhancing the malonylation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) at lysine 1218 (K1218) and attenuating the activation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). Impressively, a chemosynthetic small interfering RNA against FASN and mutagenesis of K1218 of mTOR showed therapeutic potential in suppressing cell proliferation and tube formation induced by high glucose. Notably, suppression of mTORC1 kinase activity further inhibited FASN by reducing p70S6K phosphorylation to subsequently reduce the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1, which interacted directly with the FASN promoter at nucleotide positions -64 and -55. In conclusion, our study elucidated the promising effects of FASN and malonylation on vascular injuries of DR and indicated the great potential of DHA as a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufeng Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xinping She
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chuandi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Tong Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chunren Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qing Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dawei Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Qinghua Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shigatse People's Hospital, Shigatse, Xizang, PR China.
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20
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Liu X, Wang X, Pan Y, Zhao L, Sun S, Luo A, Bao C, Tang H, Han Y. Artemisinin Improves Acetylcholine-Induced Vasodilatation in Rats with Primary Hypertension. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:4489-4502. [PMID: 34764635 PMCID: PMC8576437 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s330721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Endothelial dysfunction and the subsequent decrease in endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation of small arteries are major features of hypertension. Artemisinin, a well-known antimalarial drug, has been shown to exert protecting roles against endothelial cell injury in cardiac and pulmonary vascular diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of artemisinin on endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation and arterial blood pressure, as well as the potential signalling pathways in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods In this study, acetylcholine (ACh)-induced dose-dependent relaxation assays were performed to evaluate vascular endothelial function after treatment with artemisinin. Artemisinin was administered to the rats by intravenous injection or to arteries by incubation for the acute exposure experiments, and it was administered to rats by intraperitoneal injection for 28 days for the chronic experiments. Results Both acute and chronic administration of artemisinin decreased the heart rate and improved ACh-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation but negligibly affected the arterial blood pressure in SHRs. Incubation with artemisinin decreased basal vascular tension, NAD(P)H oxidase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, but it also increased endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activity and NO levels in the mesenteric artery, coronary artery, and pulmonary artery of SHRs. Artemisinin chronic administration to SHRs increased the protein expression of eNOS and decreased the protein expression of the NAD(P)H oxidase subunits NOX-2 and NOX-4 in the mesenteric artery. Conclusion These results indicate that treatment with artemisinin has beneficial effects on reducing the heart rate and basal vascular tension and improving endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in hypertension, which might occur by increasing eNOS activation and NO release and inhibiting NAD(P)H oxidase derived ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathologic Physiology, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlei Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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21
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Peng WQ, Xiao G, Li BY, Guo YY, Guo L, Tang QQ. l-Theanine Activates the Browning of White Adipose Tissue Through the AMPK/α-Ketoglutarate/Prdm16 Axis and Ameliorates Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Diabetes 2021; 70:1458-1472. [PMID: 33863801 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
l-Theanine is a nonprotein amino acid with much beneficial efficacy. We found that intraperitoneal treatment of the mice with l-theanine (100 mg/kg/day) enhanced adaptive thermogenesis and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) with elevated expression of Prdm16, Ucp1, and other thermogenic genes. Meanwhile, administration of the mice with l-theanine increased energy expenditure. In vitro studies indicated that l-theanine induced the development of brown-like features in adipocytes. The shRNA-mediated depletion of Prdm16 blunted the role of l-theanine in promoting the brown-like phenotypes in adipocytes and in the iWAT of mice. l-theanine treatment enhanced AMPKα phosphorylation both in adipocytes and iWAT. Knockdown of AMPKα abolished l-theanine-induced upregulation of Prdm16 and adipocyte browning. l-Theanine increased the α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) level in adipocytes, which may increase the transcription of Prdm16 by inducing active DNA demethylation on its promoter. AMPK activation was required for l-theanine-induced increase of α-KG and DNA demethylation on the Prdm16 promoter. Moreover, intraperitoneal administration with l-theanine ameliorated obesity, improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and reduced plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, and free fatty acids in the high-fat diet-fed mice. Our results suggest a potential role of l-theanine in combating diet-induced obesity in mice, which may involve l-theanine-induced browning of WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Qiu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bai-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Oral L-theanine administration promotes fat browning and prevents obesity in mice fed high-fat diet associated with the modulation of gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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23
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Zhang G, Li N, Tong Y, Li P, Han H, Song Q, Yang B, Cui L. Artemisinin derivatives inhibit adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through upregulation of CHOP. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 557:309-315. [PMID: 33894419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Artemisinin derivatives could inhibit adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and prevent obesity in mice. However, the molecular mechanism remains largely unclear. Our research was designed to investigate the specific molecular target of artemisinin derivatives in adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Here, we revealed that in response to dihydroartemisinin (DHA) or artesunate (ATS), intracellular lipid was decreased in a concentration dependent manner as shown by BODIPY staining. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that expression of Cebpa, Pparg, Fabp4 and Plin was significantly decreased by DHA treatment in a concentration and time dependent manner. Also, DHA treatment remarkably downregulated expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) of adipogenic induced 3T3-L1 cells as assayed by western blotting. RNA-seq analysis identified thousands of differential expression genes (DEGs), among which CHOP expression was significantly improved in DHA treated cells. Upregulation of CHOP was verified by quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Knockdown of CHOP by the specific shRNA revealed that the inhibition of adipogenesis by DHA was strongly blocked, resulting in restored lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic molecules. In conclusions, the inhibitory effect of DHA on adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was exerted in a concentration and time dependent manner, which was mediated by expression of CHOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yongjuan Tong
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Peilin Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Haotian Han
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Qihan Song
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China; Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
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24
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Chen K, Hua H, Zhu Z, Wu T, Jia Z, Liu Q. Response to the letter to the editor: Dihydroartemisinin prevents palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis. Apoptosis 2021; 26:150-151. [PMID: 33725259 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01662-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hu Hua
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical Nanjing, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ziyang Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical Nanjing, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Qianqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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25
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Chen P, Yao Z, He Z. Resveratrol protects against high glucose-induced oxidative damage in human lens epithelial cells by activating autophagy. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:440. [PMID: 33747177 PMCID: PMC7967869 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract, high glucose levels induce oxidative damage in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). Resveratrol has been demonstrated to be a potent antioxidant in various disease conditions; however, limited information is available on its effects on oxidative damage associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract in HLECs. The present study aimed to determine whether resveratrol prevents high glucose-induced oxidative damage to human lens epithelial cells by activating autophagy. In the present study, HLECs treated with high glucose were used as a cellular model of diabetic cataract and treated with resveratrol for 24 h. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. Autophagy marker protein levels were determined by western blotting. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to analyze in vitro microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 β (LC3B) protein expression. Autophagosome formation in HLECs was observed using transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that high glucose suppressed HLEC viability and proliferation rate compared with normal glucose levels (5 mM), which were significantly reversed by resveratrol treatment. High glucose also increased the ROS content compared with ROS content in normal HLECs, which was reduced following resveratrol treatment. Further experiments demonstrated that resveratrol significantly reversed the high glucose-decreased protein levels of LC3II and beclin-1 proteins and the high glucose-increased protein levels of LC3I and p62 in HLECs. In conclusion, resveratrol inhibited the high glucose-induced oxidative damage in HLECs by promoting autophagy through the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. These results provide a theoretical basis for the application of resveratrol in diabetic cataract prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028006, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028006, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui He
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028006, P.R. China
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Dihydroartemisinin prevents palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis. Apoptosis 2021; 26:147-149. [PMID: 33606145 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Ibrahim KG, Mukonowenzou NC, Usman D, Adeshina KA, Erlwanger KH. The potential of Artemisia species for use as broad-spectrum agents in the management of metabolic syndrome: a review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 129:752-770. [PMID: 33569991 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1871761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors that predispose to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, is increasing globally, there is no broad-spectrum agent for its holistic treatment. Natural plant-derived products with a wide spectrum of biological activities are currently being explored as alternatives in the management of diseases. Artemisia species are a heterozygous group of plants of the Compositae family that possess several health benefits. Here we highlight their antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidaemic, hepatoprotective and cardioprotective properties among others. These activities have been linked to the presence of phytochemicals that act on several molecular targets to exert their effects and the species of Artemisia are considered to be relatively safe. Artemisia species offer significant anti-MetS activity and thus are strong therapeutic candidates for the effective management of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Nyasha Charity Mukonowenzou
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Dawoud Usman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Ahmad Adeshina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Kennedy Honey Erlwanger
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Chen K, Hua H, Zhu Z, Wu T, Jia Z, Liu Q. Artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin promote β-cell apoptosis induced by palmitate via enhancing ER stress. Apoptosis 2021; 25:192-204. [PMID: 31894447 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin (ART) and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) are first-line antimalarial drugs and have been reported to have anti-obesity effects. Hyperlipidemia is associated with β-cell damage in obese subjects, which could contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In addition to their anti-obesity effects, ART and DHA also have protective roles in some diseases. Thus, we investigated the effects of ART and DHA in palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis and the underlying mechanism. In this study, the rat pancreatic β-cell line INS-1 and mouse pancreatic β-cell line MIN6 were cultured with palmitate (PA) (0.1 mM) to induce cell apoptosis in the presence or absence of ART or DHA. Cell apoptosis was investigated by using flow cytometry, and the expression of ER stress markers, including CHOP, GRP78 and PDI, was detected by Western blotting and/or qRT-PCR. The results showed that ART and DHA significantly increased the apoptosis of β-cells induced by PA and exacerbated the ER stress caused by PA. An inhibitor of ER stress, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), significantly ameliorated cell apoptosis caused by ART and DHA in PA-treated β-cells, consistent with the inhibition of ER stress. Together, the findings from the current study suggested that ART and DHA may promote lipid disorder-associated β-cell injury via enhancing ER stress when they were used to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hu Hua
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ziyang Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Qianqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Zou Y, Wang YN, Ma H, He ZH, Tang Y, Guo L, Liu Y, Ding M, Qian SW, Tang QQ. SCD1 promotes lipid mobilization in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1589-1604. [PMID: 32978274 PMCID: PMC7707166 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beiging of white adipose tissue (WAT) has beneficial effects on metabolism. Although it is known that beige adipocytes are active in lipid catabolism and thermogenesis, how they are regulated deserves more explorations. In this study, we demonstrate that stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) responded to cold stimulation and was able to promote mobilization of triacylglycerol [TAG (triglyceride)]. In vitro studies showed that SCD1 promoted lipolysis in C3H10T1/2 white adipocytes. The lipolytic effect was contributed by one of SCD1's products, oleic acid (OA). OA upregulated adipose TAG lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase expression. When SCD1 was overexpressed in the scWAT of mice, lipolysis was enhanced, and oxygen consumption and heat generation were increased. These effects were also demonstrated by the SCD1 knockdown experiments in mice. In conclusion, our study suggests that SCD1, known as an enzyme for lipid synthesis, plays a role in upregulating lipid mobilization through its desaturation product, OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zou
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Hui He
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Wen Qian
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
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30
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Jiang YY, Shui JC, Zhang BX, Chin JW, Yue RS. The Potential Roles of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:585487. [PMID: 33381036 PMCID: PMC7768903 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that has become a global public health problem. Studies on T2DM prevention and treatment mostly focus on discovering therapeutic drugs. Artemisinin and its derivatives were originally used as antimalarial treatments. In recent years, the roles of artemisinins in T2DM have attracted much attention. Artemisinin treatments not only attenuate insulin resistance and restore islet ß-cell function in T2DM but also have potential therapeutic effects on diabetic complications, including diabetic kidney disease, cognitive impairment, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic cardiovascular disease. Many in vitro and in vivo experiments have confirmed the therapeutic utility of artemisinin and its derivatives on T2DM, but no article has systematically demonstrated the specific role artemisinin plays in the treatment of T2DM. This review summarizes the potential therapeutic effects and mechanism of artemisinin and its derivatives in T2DM and associated complications, providing a reference for subsequent related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yi Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Shui
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo-Xun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Wei Chin
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren-Song Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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31
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The potential of artemisinins as anti-obesity agents via modulating the immune system. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107696. [PMID: 33022301 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin and its derivatives are the most effective antimalarial drugs. Besides anti-malarial activity, artemisinin and its derivatives have displayed wide-spectrum bioactivities such as anti-parasite, anti-tumor, and anti-obesity effects. Obesity is an epidemic worldwide which is a big threat to human health, but there are only a few approved anti-obesity drugs in the world. Also, these drugs are efficient to limited patients partly because their safety and efficacy are questioned. Anti-inflammatory therapies may be valuable in obesity treatment since growing evidence shows chronic metabolic inflammation is implicated in metabolic disease pathogenesis. As artemisinin and its derivatives display effective anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties with less toxicity, it provides an insight for novel drug development in obesity therapeutic strategies via immune-regulatory mechanisms. In this review, the potential of artemisinin and its derivatives to treat various metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes is discussed.
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32
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Qiu Y, Yang Y, Wei Y, Liu X, Feng Z, Zeng X, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Chen L, Luo L, Ding Q. Glyburide Regulates UCP1 Expression in Adipocytes Independent of K ATP Channel Blockade. iScience 2020; 23:101446. [PMID: 32829287 PMCID: PMC7452185 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of safe and effective compounds to increase or activate UCP1 expression in brown or white adipocytes remains a potent therapeutic strategy to combat obesity. Here we reported that, glyburide, one of the FDA-approved drugs currently used to treat type 2 diabetes, can significantly enhance UCP1 expression in both brown and white adipocytes. Glyburide-fed mice exhibited a clear resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity, reduced blood triglyceride level, and increased UCP1 expression in brown adipose tissue. Moreover, in situ injection of glyburide to inguinal white adipose tissue remarkably enhanced UCP1 expression and increased thermogenesis. Further mechanistic studies indicated that the glyburide effect in UCP1 expression in adipocytes was KATP channel independent but may involve the regulation of the Ca2+-Calcineurin-NFAT signal pathway. Overall, our findings revealed the significant effects of glyburide in regulating UCP1 expression and thermogenesis in adipocytes, which can be potentially repurposed to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Yuda Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Zhuanghui Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Xuwen Zeng
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yanhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Yongxu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Lanlan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Luo
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Qiurong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
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Zhao Y, Niu Y, He J, Gan Z, Ji S, Zhang L, Wang C, Wang T. Effects of dietary dihydroartemisinin supplementation on growth performance, hepatic inflammation, and lipid metabolism in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13363. [PMID: 32219939 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on growth performance, hepatic inflammation, and lipid metabolism in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)-affected weaned piglets. Eight piglets with normal birth weight (NBW) and 16 IUGR-affected piglets were selected and fed either a basal diet (NBW and IUGR groups) or the basal diet supplemented with 80 mg/kg DHA (IUGR-DHA group) from 21 to 49 day of age. Blood and liver samples were collected on day 49. DHA supplementation significantly alleviated the compromised growth performance and liver damage in IUGR-affected piglets. Additionally, DHA supplementation decreased the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, as well as the serum levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), very-low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol. In the liver, the concentrations of interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, triglycerides, and NEFA were decreased. Fatty acid synthesis was decreased by DHA supplementation, whereas the activities of lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and total lipase were increased. Dietary DHA supplementation led to upregulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway-related genes, whereas that of inflammatory factor-related genes were downregulated. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 80 mg/kg DHA can alleviate IUGR-induced impairments in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintian He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhending Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuli Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Cui Z, Liu Y, Wan W, Xu Y, Hu Y, Ding M, Dou X, Wang R, Li H, Meng Y, Li W, Jiang W, Li Z, Li Y, Tan M, Ma DK, Ding Y, Liu JO, Luo C, Yu B, Tang Q, Dang Y. Ethacrynic acid targets GSTM1 to ameliorate obesity by promoting browning of white adipocytes. Protein Cell 2020; 12:493-501. [PMID: 32399897 PMCID: PMC8160069 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00717-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomeng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Wei Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yehui Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xin Dou
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ruina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hailing Li
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yongmei Meng
- College of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Mongolia, 010110, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zengxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dengke K Ma
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Qiqun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yongjun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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35
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In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Different Solvent Extracts of Myrianthus libericus Stem Bark and Its Constituents in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8703197. [PMID: 32382310 PMCID: PMC7191442 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8703197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence and resurgence of P. falciparum resistance to generations of antimalarial drugs have prompted the search for new, effective, and safe antimalarial agents. This study aimed at investigating the in vivo antiplasmodial activity of the 70% hydroethanolic extract and constituents of the stem bark of Myrianthus libericus based on its ethnomedicinal use as an antimalarial agent. The antiplasmodial activity was assessed in Swiss albino mice employing the 4-day suppressive and Rane's tests. MLB significantly (p < 0.0001) suppressed parasitaemia by 52.26%, 65.40%, and 77.11% at 50, 100, and 200 mg·kg−1 doses, respectively, in the 4-day suppressive test. In Rane's test, the highest parasitaemia suppression of 72.50% was recorded at a dose of 200 mg·kg−1 of the extract. Fractionation of the bioactive ethyl acetate fraction by solvent-solvent partitioning and column chromatography led to the isolation of friedelan-3-one and stigmasterol being reported for the first time from this species. The compounds demonstrated remarkable antiplasmodial activity by suppressing parasitaemia by 65–72% in the suppressive test and 61–70% in the curative test at doses of 10–30 mg·kg−1. Both the extract and the isolated compounds significantly prolonged the survival time of infected mice and averted the cardinal signs associated with P. berghei-induced malaria including weight loss, hypothermia, and haemolysis. The results obtained confirm the prospect of M. libericus as an important source of new antimalarial compounds and justifies its folkloric use as an antimalarial agent.
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Marquina-Sanchez B, Fortelny N, Farlik M, Vieira A, Collombat P, Bock C, Kubicek S. Single-cell RNA-seq with spike-in cells enables accurate quantification of cell-specific drug effects in pancreatic islets. Genome Biol 2020; 21:106. [PMID: 32375897 PMCID: PMC7201533 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) is emerging as a powerful tool to dissect cell-specific effects of drug treatment in complex tissues. This application requires high levels of precision, robustness, and quantitative accuracy-beyond those achievable with existing methods for mainly qualitative single-cell analysis. Here, we establish the use of standardized reference cells as spike-in controls for accurate and robust dissection of single-cell drug responses. RESULTS We find that contamination by cell-free RNA can constitute up to 20% of reads in human primary tissue samples, and we show that the ensuing biases can be removed effectively using a novel bioinformatics algorithm. Applying our method to both human and mouse pancreatic islets treated ex vivo, we obtain an accurate and quantitative assessment of cell-specific drug effects on the transcriptome. We observe that FOXO inhibition induces dedifferentiation of both alpha and beta cells, while artemether treatment upregulates insulin and other beta cell marker genes in a subset of alpha cells. In beta cells, dedifferentiation and insulin repression upon artemether treatment occurs predominantly in mouse but not in human samples. CONCLUSIONS This new method for quantitative, error-correcting, scRNA-seq data normalization using spike-in reference cells helps clarify complex cell-specific effects of pharmacological perturbations with single-cell resolution and high quantitative accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Marquina-Sanchez
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Fortelny
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Farlik
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stefan Kubicek
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Zou Y, Ju X, Chen W, Yuan J, Wang Z, Aluko RE, He R. Rice bran attenuated obesity via alleviating dyslipidemia, browning of white adipocytes and modulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:2406-2417. [PMID: 32129359 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01524h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become an international public health problem. In this study, an obese mice diet was supplemented with raw rice bran (RRB) or infrared radiation-stabilized rice bran (IRRB) to investigate the attenuation of obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Mice were fed a normal diet or a high-fat diet with and without rice bran supplementation (300 mg per kg body weight per day) by oral gavage for 39 days to investigate the obesity preventive effect. The results indicate that different rice bran supplements reduced body weight, relative adipose tissue weight, inflammation, and serum parameters, and relieve liver steatosis to varying degrees. The data of real-time qPCR and western blots (WB) showed that rice bran activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) and increased white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Rice bran also reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and enhanced the relative abundance of Akkermansia. In summary, our findings suggest that rice bran intervention played a significant role in reducing dyslipidemia, alleviating inflammation, enhancing thermogenesis and modulating gut microbiota for the prevention and control of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Mao X, Huang D, Rao C, Du M, Liang M, Li F, Liu B, Huang K. Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1 combats obesity and related metabolic disorders by promoting adipose tissue browning. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E318-E329. [PMID: 31961704 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00424.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) has been recognized as an important strategy for the treatment of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1 (ECH1) is a widely known enzyme involved in lipid metabolism. However, whether and how ECH1 is implicated in browning of WAT remain obscure. Adeno-associated, virus-mediated genetic engineering of ECH1 in adipose tissue was used in investigations in mouse models of obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) or browning induced by cold exposure. Metabolic parameters showed that ECH1 overexpression decreased weight gain and improved insulin sensitivity and lipid profile after 8 wk of an HFD. Further work revealed that these changes were associated with enhanced energy expenditure and increased appearance of brown-like adipocytes in inguinal WAT, as verified by a remarkable increase in uncoupling protein 1 and thermogenic gene expression. In vitro, ECH1 induced brown fat-related gene expression in adipocytes differentiated from primary stromal vascular fractions, whereas knockdown of ECH1 reversed this effect. Mechanistically, ECH1 regulated the thermogenic program by inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, which may partially explain the potential mechanism for ECH1 regulating adipose browning. In summary, ECH1 may participate in the pathology of obesity by regulating browning of WAT, which probably provides us with a new therapeutic strategy for combating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Caijun Rao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Du
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baoqing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wang X, Liu M, Cai GH, Chen Y, Shi XC, Zhang CC, Xia B, Xie BC, Liu H, Zhang RX, Lu JF, Zhu MQ, Yang SZ, Chu XY, Zhang DY, Wang YL, Wu JW. A Potential Nutraceutical Candidate Lactucin Inhibits Adipogenesis through Downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Mitotic Clonal Expansion. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020331. [PMID: 32023857 PMCID: PMC7072480 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide in the past ~50 years. Searching for safe and effective anti-obesity strategies are urgently needed. Lactucin, a plant-derived natural small molecule, is known for anti-malaria and anti-hyperalgesia. The study is to investigate whether lactucin plays a key role in adipogenesis. To this end, in vivo male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were treated with 20 mg/kg/day of lactucin or vehicle by gavage for seven weeks. Compared with vehicle-treated controls, Lactucin-treated mice showed lower body mass and mass of adipose tissue. Consistently, in vitro 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 20 μM of lactucin. Compared to controls, lactucin-treated cells showed significantly less lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation and lower levels of lipid synthesis markers. Mechanistically, we showed the anti-adipogenic property of lactucin was largely limited to the early stage of adipogenesis. Lactucin-treated cells fail to undergo mitotic clonal expansion (MCE). Further studies demonstrate that lactucin-induced MCE arrests might result from reduced phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. We then asked whether activation of JAK2/STAT3 would restore the inhibitory effect of lactucin on adipogenesis with pharmacological STAT3 activator colivelin. Our results revealed similar levels of lipid accumulation between lactucin-treated cells and controls in the presence of colivelin, indicating that inactivation of STAT3 is the limiting factor for the anti-adipogenesis of lactucin in these cells. Together, our results provide the indication that lactucin exerts an anti-adipogenesis effect, which may open new therapeutic options for obesity.
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Bai X, Pei R, Lei W, Zhao M, Zhang J, Tian L, Shang J. Antidiabetic Effect of Artemether in Db/Db Mice Involves Regulation of AMPK and PI3K/Akt Pathways. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:568864. [PMID: 33101203 PMCID: PMC7545317 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.568864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicine has long been used in the treatment of diabetes, one major disease threatening the public health. It has been reported that artemether exerts antidiabetic effects on type 2 diabetes in db/db mice, however the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we show that artemether regulates expression of related enzymes participating in the glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver of db/db mice, which could at least partly explain the improved glucose and lipid metabolism in artemether-treated mice. Additionally, artemether also regulates expression of glycogen synthesis related enzymes in the skeletal muscle of db/db mice, supporting its promotive role in glycogen synthesis. Mechanistically, artemether activates AMPK pathway as well as PI3K/Akt pathway in the liver and skeletal muscle of db/db mice, suggesting that these two signaling pathways are both involved in the antidiabetic effects of artemether on type 2 diabetes in db/db mice. In conclusion, our study connects the antidiabetic effects of artemether to the regulation of metabolic enzymes and signaling pathways, and also provides molecular basis for the potential application of artemether in treating type 2 diabetes.
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Fu W, Ma Y, Li L, Liu J, Fu L, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Jiang H. Artemether Regulates Metaflammation to Improve Glycolipid Metabolism in db/db Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1703-1713. [PMID: 32547132 PMCID: PMC7245603 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s240786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemether, a commonly used artemisinin derivative, has been shown to possess potential antidiabetic activities. However, only limited information is available on the mechanisms of artemether in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, in this study, we examined some of the possible mechanisms of artemether (ATM) upon glycolipid metabolism in the db/db mouse model of diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db and C57BL/KsJ-db/+ mice at 4 weeks of age were divided into four groups (N=6/group): (1) NC (normal control - db/+ mice, 1% methylcellulose, intragastric administration), (2) DM (diabetic model - db/db mice, 1% methylcellulose, intragastric administration), (3) ATM 100 (DM + 100 mg/kg of artemether) and (4) ATM 200 (DM + 200 mg/kg of artemether). A number of assays related to diabetes were then performed following a 4-week period of these treatments. RESULTS Artemether at both doses significantly reduced rates of weight gain and fasting blood glucose levels, improved islet function and insulin resistance and reduced serum lipid levels to varying degrees in db/db mice. Artemether exerted a positive effect on islet vacuolar degeneration and hepatic steatosis, and increased expressions of AMP-activated protein kinase, glucose transporter 4 and Insulin receptor β protein in the liver of these db/db mice. With the use of liver protein chip detection, we found that artemether significantly improved the immune microenvironment, down-regulated the expression of inflammatory factors and activated the cytokine-mediated signaling pathway through cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. CONCLUSION Artemether may regulate glycolipid metabolism in db/db mice by improving the immune microenvironment. The results of this study provide important new information that can serve as the foundation for future research into the use of artemether as a means to improve glycolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liujun Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Clinical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Diabetic Nephropathy Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hongwei Jiang Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medicine College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang471003, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13653880139 Email
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Wang J, Zhang L, Dong L, Hu X, Feng F, Chen F. 6-Gingerol, a Functional Polyphenol of Ginger, Promotes Browning through an AMPK-Dependent Pathway in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:14056-14065. [PMID: 31789021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the browning effect of 6-gingerol (6G), one of the main functional compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of ginger (ginger ethyl acetate fraction, GEF), and its underlying mechanisms. In this study, we first discovered that GEF stimulated brown adipocyte differentiation by upregulating the expression levels of browning-specific transcription makers (UCP1, PRDM16, and PGC-1α), thereby reducing lipogenesis transcriptional regulator (C/EBPα) expression in 3T3-L1-differentiated adipocytes. Then, 6G (47.81 ± 0.62 mg/g) was identified as one of the main functional compounds in GEF using high-performance liquid chromatography. 6G promoted adipocyte browning, as evidenced by an increase in some brown/beige fat-specific genes (PGC-1α, Cidea, Prdm16, Cited1, SIRT1, Tmem26, and Ucp1) and proteins (UCP1, CEBP/β, PGC-1α, and PRDM16) expression levels. Moreover, 6G greatly improved mitochondrial respiration and energy metabolism by upregulating the expression levels of some mitochondrial biogenesis markers (Tfam, Nrf1, SIRT1, and p-AMPK/AMPK) and increasing the uncoupled oxygen consumption rate of protons leaked in 3T3-L1 cells. Comparison of the experimental results obtained with an inhibitor (dorsomorphin) and an activator (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) suggested that the 6G-associated regulation of the energy metabolism effect was mediated partly through the AMPK signaling pathway. This study provides new insight into the promotion of fat browning and regulation of lipid metabolism by 6G and suggests that 6G likely has potential therapeutic effects on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
- Ningbo Research Institute , Zhejiang University , Ningbo 315100 , China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310029 , China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Li Dong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- Ningbo Research Institute , Zhejiang University , Ningbo 315100 , China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310029 , China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
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Du H, Zhao Q, Zang H, Chang C, Li X. Artemisinin attenuates the development of atherosclerotic lesions by the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching. Life Sci 2019; 237:116943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Guo YY, Li BY, Peng WQ, Guo L, Tang QQ. Taurine-mediated browning of white adipose tissue is involved in its anti-obesity effect in mice. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15014-15024. [PMID: 31427436 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine, a nonprotein amino acid, is widely distributed in almost all animal tissues. Ingestion of taurine helps to improve obesity and its related metabolic disorders. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the protective role of taurine against obesity is not completely understood. In this study, it was found that intraperitoneal treatment of mice with taurine alleviated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased energy expenditure and adaptive thermogenesis of the mice. Meanwhile, administration of the mice with taurine markedly induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) with significantly elevated expression of PGC1α, UCP1, and other thermogenic genes in iWAT. In vitro studies indicated that taurine also induced the development of brown-like adipocytes in C3H10T1/2 white adipocytes. Knockdown of PGC1α blunted the role of taurine in promoting the brown-like adipocyte phenotypes in C3H10T1/2 cells. Moreover, taurine treatment enhanced AMPK phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo, and knockdown of AMPKα1 prevented taurine-mediated induction of PGC1α in C3H10T1/2 cells. Consistently, specific knockdown of PGC1α in iWAT of the HFD-fed mice inhibited taurine-induced browning of iWAT, with the role of taurine in the enhancement of adaptive thermogenesis, the prevention of obesity, and the improvement of insulin sensitivity being partially impaired. These results reveal a functional role of taurine in facilitating the browning of white adipose tissue, which depends on the induction of PGC1α. Our studies also suggest a potential mechanism for the protective role of taurine against obesity, which involves taurine-mediated browning of white adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bai-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Fan L, Xu H, Yang R, Zang Y, Chen J, Qin H. Combination of Capsaicin and Capsiate Induces Browning in 3T3-L1 White Adipocytes via Activation of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ/β 3-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6232-6240. [PMID: 31075194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of a combination of capsaicin and capsiate on promoting lipid metabolism and inducing browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes. The combination significantly suppressed lipid accumulation in adipocytes ( p = 0.019) and robustly improved lipid metabolic profiles, including decreased triacylglycerol (0.6703 ± 0.0385 versus 0.2849 ± 0.0188 mmol/g of protein; p < 0.001), total cholesterol (0.1282 ± 0.0241 versus 0.0651 ± 0.0178 mmol/g of protein; p = 0.003), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.0021 ± 0.0017 versus 0.0005 ± 0.0002 mmol/g of protein; p = 0.024) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.0162 ± 0.0141 versus 0.1002 ± 0.0167 mmol/g of protein; p = 0.012). Furthermore, this combination markedly upgraded the protein levels of cluster of differentiation 36 ( p = 0.007) and adipose triglyceride lipase ( p = 0.013) and phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase at Ser660, Ser565, and Ser563 ( p < 0.001, p = 0.027, and p = 0.002, respectively), indicating increases of fatty acid transport and lipolysis. The levels of lipid metabolism regulators, phosphorylation of adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinases α and β ( p = 0.011, and p < 0.001, respectively), sirtuin 1 ( p = 0.004), and vanilloid transient receptor subtype I ( p = 0.014) were also increased by the combination. Moreover, the combination greatly activated the browning program in adipocytes, as demonstrated by increases in beige-specific gene and protein. Further research found that the protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ; p = 0.001) and β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR; p = 0.026) were elevated by the combination, and most of the beige-specific markers were abolished by pretreatment of antagonists of PPARγ or β3-AR. In conclusion, these results indicated that a combination of capsaicin and capsiate could induce browning in white adipocytes via activation of the PPARγ/β3-AR signaling pathway, and this combination might be worth investigating as a potential cure for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fan
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health , Central South University , 110 Xiangya Road , Changsha , Hunan 410078 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health , Central South University , 110 Xiangya Road , Changsha , Hunan 410078 , People's Republic of China
| | - Rengui Yang
- Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Changsha , Hunan 410004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yufan Zang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health , Central South University , 110 Xiangya Road , Changsha , Hunan 410078 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Chen
- Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Changsha , Hunan 410004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health , Central South University , 110 Xiangya Road , Changsha , Hunan 410078 , People's Republic of China
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Feng Z, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Qiu Y, Liu X, Su L, Liang N, Yin H, Ding Q. Identification of a rhodanine derivative BML-260 as a potent stimulator of UCP1 expression. Theranostics 2019; 9:3501-3514. [PMID: 31281493 PMCID: PMC6587176 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of proper agents to increase or activate UCP1+ cells in adipose tissues remains a potent therapeutic strategy to combat obesity. Screening systems for UCP1 activators have been previously established and allow for unbiased discovery of effective compound(s). Methods: A previously established Ucp1-2A-GFP reporter system was applied to a chemical library containing 33 phosphatase inhibitors. Compounds that can significantly activate UCP1 expression were further tested in vivo in mouse adipose tissues. Possible underlying mechanism was explored via RNA profiling, CMAP analysis, CRISPR targeting as well as inhibitor treatments. Results: We identified BML-260, a known potent inhibitor of the dual-specific phosphatase JSP-1, that significantly increased UCP1 expression in both brown and white adipocytes. BML-260 treatment also activated oxidative phosphorylation genes, increased mitochondrial activity as well as heat generation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that effect of BML-260 on adipocytes was partly through activated CREB, STAT3 and PPAR signaling pathways, and was unexpectedly JSP-1 independent. Conclusion: The rhodanine derivate BML-260 was previously identified to be a JSP-1 inhibitor, and thus was proposed to treat inflammatory and proliferative disorders associated with dysfunctional JNK signaling. This work provides evidences that BML-260 can also exert a JSP-1-independent effect in activating UCP1 and thermogenesis in adipocytes, and be potentially applied to treat obesity.
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Liu J, Zhao Y, Huang C, Li Y, Guo F. Prenylated flavonoid‐standardized extract from seeds of
Psoralea corylifolia
L. activated fat browning in high‐fat diet–induced obese mice. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1851-1864. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liu
- School of PharmacyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- School of PharmacyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of PharmacyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of PharmacyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Fujiang Guo
- School of PharmacyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
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Zhang H, Hao Y, Wei C, Yao B, Liu S, Zhou H, Huang D, Zhang C, Wu Y. Chinese medicine Jinlida granules improve high-fat-diet induced metabolic disorders via activation of brown adipose tissue in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108781. [PMID: 30903919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis could contribute to energy expenditure, which is critical for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the present study, we aimed to systematically investigate whether traditional Chinese medication Jinlida (JLD) granules could improve metabolic disorders and activate BAT thermogenesis in C57BL/6 J mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS In the present study, JLD (3.8 g/kg) in 0.5% of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution was administrated daily by oral gavage to HFD-induced mice for 15 weeks. The body weight, biochemical analysis, histology analysis, intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance (OGTT and ITT) tests were measured to explore metabolic disorders. Cold tolerance test, real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and western blot were performed to evaluate BAT function. RESULTS As results, JLD treatment significantly ameliorated HFD-induced obesity and fat mass gain, maintained glucose and lipid homeostasis, and improved hepatic steatosis and inflammation. More importantly, we observed that JLD markedly activated BAT thermogenesis in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, our data confirmed that JLD promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation metabolism in BAT. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested that JLD could improve metabolic disorders in associated with activation of BAT thermogenesis via enhancement of mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation metabolism, thus providing a new pharmacological evidence for the clinical usage of JLD in T2DM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Cong Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Diseases), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Bing Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Diseases), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Shen Liu
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Diseases), Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Hongru Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Diseases), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Dan Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Chuanhai Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yiling Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Collateral Disease Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Diseases), Shijiazhuang 050035, China.
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Kiwifruit seed oil prevents obesity by regulating inflammation, thermogenesis, and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 125:85-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Xiang M, Chen Z, He L, Xiong G, Lu J. Transcription profiling of artemisinin-treated diabetic nephropathy rats using high-throughput sequencing. Life Sci 2019; 219:353-363. [PMID: 30684545 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin (Art) plays a renoprotective role in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. However, the differential gene expression profile and underlying molecular mechanism of Art treatment in DN is not well understood. We constructed an animal model of DN by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. We then examined the profile of differentially expressed genes following administration of Art using RNA-sequencing (KANGCH&EN, Shanghai, China). Five genes identified by RNA-sequencing were randomly selected and validated by qRT-PCR. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to study these differentially expressed genes. We identified a total of 31 genes that were significantly up-regulated in DN samples compared to both normal and Art treatment samples, and 38 genes that were significantly down-regulated in DN samples compared to both normal and Art treatment samples. The identified genes were associated with a list of gene ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and may be involved in the mechanism underlying Art treatment of DN. Thus, the results from the current study demonstrate that genes are aberrantly expressed after Art treatment and identify promising targets in the treatment of DN with artemisinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangping He
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoliang Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiandong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China.
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