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Protudjer JLP, Roth-Walter F, Meyer R. Nutritional Considerations of Plant-Based Diets for People With Food Allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2024. [PMID: 39317227 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Plant-based diets (PBD) have been reported throughout history, but are increasingly common in current times, likely in part due to considerable emphasis on climate change and human health and wellness. Many dietary organisations around the world endorse well-planned, nutritionally adequate PBD, which exclude some or all forms of animal-based foods. However, special attention must be given to patients who follow PBD and also have food allergy (FA), as avoidance may increase the risk of developing nutritional deficiencies, including poor growth in children, weight loss in adults and vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Given the increasing prevalence of both PBD and food allergen avoidance diets, healthcare providers are likely to counsel patients with FA who also follow a PBD. In this review, an overview of PBD in patients with FA is provided, including recent trends, macro- and micronutrient needs, and growth for children and weight gain considerations for adults. With regard to a PBD, special attention should be given to ensure adequate fat and protein intake and improving the bioavailability of several minerals such as iron, zinc, iodine, calcium and magnesium, and vitamins such as A, B2, B12 and D. Although the collective data on growth amongst children following a PBD are varied in outcome and may be influenced in part by the type of PBD, growth must be regularly monitored and in adults weight gain assessed as part of any clinical assessment in those people with FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L P Protudjer
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rosan Meyer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Winchester, Winchester, UK
- Department of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Vassilopoulou E, Venter C, Roth-Walter F. Malnutrition and Allergies: Tipping the Immune Balance towards Health. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4713. [PMID: 39200855 PMCID: PMC11355500 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition, which includes macro- and micronutrient deficiencies, is common in individuals with allergic dermatitis, food allergies, rhinitis, and asthma. Prolonged deficiencies of proteins, minerals, and vitamins promote Th2 inflammation, setting the stage for allergic sensitization. Consequently, malnutrition, which includes micronutrient deficiencies, fosters the development of allergies, while an adequate supply of micronutrients promotes immune cells with regulatory and tolerogenic phenotypes. As protein and micronutrient deficiencies mimic an infection, the body's innate response limits access to these nutrients by reducing their dietary absorption. This review highlights our current understanding of the physiological functions of allergenic proteins, iron, and vitamin A, particularly regarding their reduced bioavailability under inflamed conditions, necessitating different dietary approaches to improve their absorption. Additionally, the role of most allergens as nutrient binders and their involvement in nutritional immunity will be briefly summarized. Their ability to bind nutrients and their close association with immune cells can trigger exaggerated immune responses and allergies in individuals with deficiencies. However, in nutrient-rich conditions, these allergens can also provide nutrients to immune cells and promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Univertià degli Studi die Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carina Venter
- Pediatrics, Section of Allergy & Immunology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Box B518, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Changhai L, Zaichun W, Bo Y, Dan L, Shaohua W. Micronutrients and Allergic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39106841 DOI: 10.1159/000540376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have indicated a controversy regarding the association between dietary micronutrient concentrations and the risk of allergic diseases. In this study, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using data from two samples to investigate the causal relationship between circulating micronutrient concentrations and three allergic diseases. METHODS In this study, we considered 16 circulating micronutrients as exposure variables (beta carotene, calcium, copper, folate, iron, lycopene, magnesium, phosphorus, selenium, vitamin A1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, and zinc); and three common allergic diseases (allergic asthma [AA], atopic dermatitis [AD], and allergic rhinitis [AR]) as outcomes. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was primarily applied for MR analysis, supplemented by MR-Egger and weighted-median methods to corroborate the IVW results; and sensitivity analysis was conducted to ensure the robustness of the MR assumptions. RESULTS Our results revealed that an increase in serum phosphorus and zinc concentrations may diminish the risk of AA, while for AD an increase in serum zinc concentration may reduce the risk, but an increase in serum vitamin C concentration may elevate the risk. As for AR, an increase in serum phosphorus and selenium concentrations appeared to be associated with a reduced risk. We did not find evidence for an association between other micronutrients and the risk of allergic diseases. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that an increase in serum phosphorus and zinc concentrations may reduce the risk of AA, while an increase in serum zinc concentration may reduce the risk of AD, but an increase in serum vitamin C concentration may elevate the risk of AD. An increase in serum phosphorus and selenium concentrations is associated with a reduced risk of AR. This provides additional support for research on the effects of micronutrients on allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Changhai
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,
| | - Wu Zaichun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yang Bo
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Dan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wang Shaohua
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Salehi Z, Askari M, Jafari A, Ghosn B, Surkan PJ, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Pouraram H, Azadbakht L. Dietary patterns and micronutrients in respiratory infections including COVID-19: a narrative review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1661. [PMID: 38907196 PMCID: PMC11193220 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by nCoV-2019, a new beta-coronavirus from Wuhan, China, that mainly affects the respiratory system and can be modulated by nutrition. METHODS This review aims to summarize the current literature on the association between dietary intake and serum levels of micronutrients, malnutrition, and dietary patterns and respiratory infections, including flu, pneumonia, and acute respiratory syndrome, with a focus on COVID-19. We searched for relevant articles in various databases and selected those that met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS Some studies suggest that dietary patterns, malnutrition, and certain nutrients such as vitamins D, E, A, iron, zinc, selenium, magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids, and fiber may have a significant role in preventing respiratory diseases, alleviating symptoms, and lowering mortality rates. However, the evidence is not consistent and conclusive, and more research is needed to clarify the mechanisms and the optimal doses of these dietary components. The impact of omega-3 and fiber on respiratory diseases has been mainly studied in children and adults, respectively, and few studies have examined the effect of dietary components on COVID-19 prevention, with a greater focus on vitamin D. CONCLUSION This review highlights the potential of nutrition as a modifiable factor in the prevention and management of respiratory infections and suggests some directions for future research. However, it also acknowledges the limitations of the existing literature, such as the heterogeneity of the study designs, populations, interventions, and outcomes, and the difficulty of isolating the effects of single nutrients from the complex interactions of the whole diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Salehi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Batoul Ghosn
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Pamela J Surkan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Hamed Pouraram
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR, Iran.
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De Simoni E, Candelora M, Belleggia S, Rizzetto G, Molinelli E, Capodaglio I, Ferretti G, Bacchetti T, Offidani A, Simonetti O. Role of antioxidants supplementation in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a critical narrative review. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1393673. [PMID: 38933878 PMCID: PMC11203398 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1393673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by itching, epidermal barrier dysfunction, and an unbalanced inflammatory reaction. AD pathophysiology involves a dysregulated immune response driven by T helper-2 cells. Many factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), are involved in AD pathogenesis by causing cellular damage and inflammation resulting in skin barrier dysfunction. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of natural molecules and antioxidant compounds, highlighting their potential therapeutic value in AD prevention and management. They include vitamin D, vitamin E, pyridoxine, Vitamin C, carotenoids, and melatonin. Some studies report a statistically significant association between antioxidant levels and improvement in AD, however, there are conflicting results in which antioxidant supplementation, especially Vitamin D, did not result in improvement in AD. Therefore, the clinical efficacy of these dietary nutritional factors in the treatment of AD needs to be further evaluated in clinical trials. Meanwhile, antioxidants can be incorporated into the management of AD patients in a personalized manner, tailored to the severity of the disease, comorbidities, and individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo De Simoni
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Candelora
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sara Belleggia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulio Rizzetto
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Molinelli
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Irene Capodaglio
- Hospital Cardiology and UTIC, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Experimental Science and Odontostomatology-Biochemistry, Research Center of Health Education and Health Promotion, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Oriana Simonetti
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Liana D, Eurtivong C, Phanumartwiwath A. Boesenbergia rotunda and Its Pinostrobin for Atopic Dermatitis: Dual 5-Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor and Its Mechanistic Study through Steady-State Kinetics and Molecular Modeling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:74. [PMID: 38247498 PMCID: PMC10812521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are potential targets for suppressing pruritic skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD). In addition, Staphylococcus aureus colonization and oxidative stress worsen AD skin conditions. We aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory activity, using 5-LOX and COX-2 inhibitions, and the anti-staphylococcal, and antioxidant potentials of several medicinal plants bio-prospected from traditional medicine related to AD pathogenesis. Essential oils and hexane fractions were prepared and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Boesenbergia rotunda hexane extract displayed anti-Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 10 µg/mL) and antioxidant activities (IC50 = 557.97 and 2651.67 µg/mL against DPPH and NO radicals, respectively). A major flavonoid, pinostrobin, was further nonchromatographically isolated. Pinostrobin was shown to be a potent 5-LOX inhibitor (IC50 = 0.499 µM) compared to nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA; IC50 = 5.020 µM) and betamethasone dipropionate (BD; IC50 = 2.077 µM) as the first-line of AD treatment. Additionally, pinostrobin inhibited COX-2 (IC50 = 285.67 µM), which was as effective as diclofenac sodium (IC50 = 290.35 µM) and BD (IC50 = 240.09 µM). This kinetic study and molecular modeling showed the mixed-type inhibition of NDGA and pinostrobin against 5-LOX. This study suggests that B. rotunda and its bioactive pinostrobin have promising properties for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desy Liana
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Chatchakorn Eurtivong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
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Joshi M, Hiremath P, John J, Ranadive N, Nandakumar K, Mudgal J. Modulatory role of vitamins A, B3, C, D, and E on skin health, immunity, microbiome, and diseases. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1096-1114. [PMID: 37673852 PMCID: PMC10539462 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the skin barrier and immunity has been associated with several skin diseases, namely atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, and acne. Resident and non-resident immune cells and the barrier system of the skin are integral to innate immunity. Recent advances in understanding skin microbiota have opened the scope of further understanding the various communications between these microbiota and skin immune cells. Vitamins, being one of the important micronutrients, have been reported to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial effects. The immunomodulatory action of vitamins can halt the progression of skin diseases, and thus, understanding the immuno-pharmacology of these vitamins, especially for skin diseases can pave the way for their therapeutic potential. At the same time, molecular and cellular markers modulated with these vitamins and their derivatives need to be explored. The present review is focused on significant vitamins (vitamins A, B3, C, D, and E) consumed as nutritional supplements to discuss the outcomes and scope of studies related to skin immunity, health, and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahika Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Priyanka Hiremath
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Jeena John
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Niraja Ranadive
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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The Imprint of Exposome on the Development of Atopic Dermatitis across the Lifespan: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062180. [PMID: 36983182 PMCID: PMC10054623 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects more than 200 million people worldwide, including up to 20% of children and 10% of the adult population. Although AD appears frequently in childhood and often continues into adulthood, about 1 in 4 adults develop the adult-onset disease. The prenatal period, early childhood, and adolescence are considered critical timepoints for the development of AD when the exposome results in long-lasting effects on the immune system. The exposome can be defined as the measure of all the exposures of an individual during their lifetime and how these exposures relate to well-being. While genetic factors could partially explain AD onset, multiple external environmental exposures (external exposome) in early life are implicated and are equally important for understanding AD manifestation. In this review, we describe the conceptual framework of the exposome and its relevance to AD from conception and across the lifespan. Through a spatiotemporal lens that focuses on the multi-level phenotyping of the environment, we highlight a framework that embraces the dynamic complex nature of exposome and recognizes the influence of additive and interactive environmental exposures. Moreover, we highlight the need to understand the developmental origins of AD from an age-related perspective when studying the effects of the exposome on AD, shifting the research paradigm away from the per se categorized exposome factors and beyond clinical contexts to explore the trajectory of age-related exposome risks and hence future preventive interventions.
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9
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Peroni DG, Hufnagl K, Comberiati P, Roth-Walter F. Lack of iron, zinc, and vitamins as a contributor to the etiology of atopic diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1032481. [PMID: 36698466 PMCID: PMC9869175 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1032481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Micronutritional deficiencies are common in atopic children suffering from atopic dermatitis, food allergy, rhinitis, and asthma. A lack of iron, in particular, may impact immune activation with prolonged deficiencies of iron, zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin D associated with a Th2 signature, maturation of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), and the generation of IgE antibodies. In contrast, the sufficiency of these micronutrients establishes immune resilience, promotion of regulatory cells, and tolerance induction. As micronutritional deficiencies mimic an infection, the body's innate response is to limit access to these nutrients and also impede their dietary uptake. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the physiological function of iron, zinc, and vitamins A and D in relation to immune cells and the clinical consequences of deficiencies in these important nutrients, especially in the perinatal period. Improved dietary uptake of iron is achieved by vitamin C, vitamin A, and whey compounds, whereas zinc bioavailability improves through citrates and proteins. The addition of oil is essential for the dietary uptake of beta-carotene and vitamin D. As for vitamin D, the major source comes via sun exposure and only a small amount is consumed via diet, which should be factored into clinical nutritional studies. We summarize the prevalence of micronutritional deficiencies of iron, zinc, and vitamins in the pediatric population as well as nutritional intervention studies on atopic diseases with whole food, food components, and micronutrients. Dietary uptake via the lymphatic route seems promising and is associated with a lower atopy risk and symptom amelioration. This review provides useful information for clinical studies and concludes/emphasizes that a healthy, varied diet containing dairy products, fish, nuts, fruits, and vegetables as well as supplementing foods or supplementation with micronutrients as needed is essential to combat the atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego G. Peroni
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Karin Hufnagl
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,*Correspondence: Franziska Roth-Walter, ;
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Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235038. [PMID: 36501067 PMCID: PMC9738822 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) is critical for many biological processes, including embryonic development, hormone production and function, the maintenance and modulation of immunity, and the homeostasis of epithelium and mucosa. Specifically, VA affects cell integrity, cytokine production, innate immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte trafficking to mucosal surfaces. VA also has been reported to influence the gut microbiota composition and diversity. Consequently, VA deficiency (VAD) results in the imbalanced production of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines, intestinal inflammation, weakened mucosal barrier functions, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of the gut microbiome. Although VAD is primarily known to cause xerophthalmia, its role in the impairment of anti-infectious defense mechanisms is less defined. Infectious diseases lead to temporary anorexia and lower dietary intake; furthermore, they adversely affect VA status by interfering with VA absorption, utilization and excretion. Thus, there is a tri-directional relationship between VAD, immune response and infections, as VAD affects immune response and predisposes the host to infection, and infection decreases the intestinal absorption of the VA, thereby contributing to secondary VAD development. This has been demonstrated using nutritional and clinical studies, radiotracer studies and knockout animal models. An in-depth understanding of the relationship between VAD, immune response, gut microbiota and infections is critical for optimizing vaccine efficacy and the development of effective immunization programs for countries with high prevalence of VAD. Therefore, in this review, we have comprehensively summarized the existing knowledge regarding VAD impacts on immune responses to infections and post vaccination. We have detailed pathological conditions associated with clinical and subclinical VAD, gut microbiome adaptation to VAD and VAD effects on the immune responses to infection and vaccines.
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11
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Pincemail J, Meziane S. On the Potential Role of the Antioxidant Couple Vitamin E/Selenium Taken by the Oral Route in Skin and Hair Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2270. [PMID: 36421456 PMCID: PMC9686906 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between oxidative stress and skin aging/disorders is well established. Many topical and oral antioxidants (vitamins C and E, carotenoids, polyphenols) have been proposed to protect the skin against the deleterious effect induced by increased reactive oxygen species production, particularly in the context of sun exposure. In this review, we focused on the combination of vitamin E and selenium taken in supplements since both molecules act in synergy either by non-enzymatic and enzymatic pathways to eliminate skin lipids peroxides, which are strongly implicated in skin and hair disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Pincemail
- CHU of Liège, Platform Antioxidant Nutrition and Health, Pathology Tower, 4130, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Smail Meziane
- Institut Européen des Antioxydants, 54000 Nancy, France
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12
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Celebi Sozener Z, Özbey Yücel Ü, Altiner S, Ozdel Oztürk B, Cerci P, Türk M, Gorgülü Akin B, Akdis M, Yilmaz I, Ozdemir C, Mungan D, Akdis CA. The External Exposome and Allergies: From the Perspective of the Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:887672. [PMID: 35873598 PMCID: PMC9304993 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.887672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the last decades, we have seen a rapid increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. The environmental changes caused by industrialization, urbanization and modernization, including dramatic increases in air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), diesel exhaust, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), alarming effects of global warming, change and loss of biodiversity, affect both human health and the entire ecosystem. Objective In this review, we aimed to discuss the effects of the external exposome on epithelial barriers and its relationship with the development of allergic diseases by considering the changes in all stakeholders of the outer exposome together, in the light of the recently proposed epithelial barrier hypothesis. Method To reach current, prominent, and comprehensive studies on the subject, PubMed databases were searched. We included the more resounding articles with reliable and strong results. Results Exposure to altered environmental factors such as increased pollution, microplastics, nanoparticles, tobacco smoke, food emulsifiers, detergents, and household cleaners, and climate change, loss and change in microbial biodiversity, modifications in the consumption of dietary fatty acids, the use of emulsifiers, preservatives and the decrease in the antioxidant content of the widely consumed western diet may disrupt the epithelial barriers of the skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, making us more vulnerable to exogeneous allergens and microbes. Epithelial cell activation, microbial dysbiosis and bacterial translocation disrupt the immune balance and a chronic Th2 inflammation ensues. Conclusion Dramatic increases in air pollution, worrisome effects of global warming, dysbiosis, changing dietary habits and the complex interactions of all these factors affect the epithelial barriers and local and systemic inflammation. We want to draw attention to the emerging health effects of environmental changes and to motivate the public to influence government policies for the well-being of humans and the nature of the earth and the well-being of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Celebi Sozener
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Zeynep Celebi Sozener ; orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-0959
| | - Ümüs Özbey Yücel
- Department of Nutrition and Diet, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Altiner
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Ozdel Oztürk
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Chest Diseases, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pamir Cerci
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Eskisehir City Hospital, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Murat Türk
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Begüm Gorgülü Akin
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Insu Yilmaz
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Chest Diseases, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cevdet Ozdemir
- Department of Pediatric Basic Sciences, Institute of Child Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilsad Mungan
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Chest Diseases, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
- Cezmi A. Akdis ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8020-019X
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13
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Yang H, Chen JS, Luo XY, Wang H. Efficacy and safety profile of antioxidants in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15549. [PMID: 35502578 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of antioxidants in atopic dermatitis (AD) is controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antioxidants therapy in AD. Randomised clinical trials were identified from Medline, Embase and Cochrane library. Changes from baseline in severity and itch score were extracted from individual studies and pooled using random-effects. Eighteen trials including 763 AD patients were eligible. Overall, antioxidants were associated with statistically significant reductions in diseases severity (p < 0.0001), but not with itch score (p = 0.59). No serious adverse events were recorded. Subgroup analyses revealed that antioxidants were associated with a significant reduction in severity score regardless of disease severity at baseline and treatment duration (p < 0.05). However, antioxidants had additional benefit only in children (p = 0.02) but not in adults (p = 0.30). Oral supplementation with vitamin D, combined vitamins D and E, combined vitamins A, D and E and topical vitamin B12 was associated with significantly lower severity score (p < 0.05). There was significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 50%; p = 0.003). The effect estimates did not change statistically after excluding sources of study heterogeneity. This meta-analysis suggests that antioxidants may be a safe and effective treatment for AD patients, especially when supplemented with oral vitamin D and topical vitamin B12 , as well as in pediatric patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Childrens Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders
| | - Jing-Si Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Childrens Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders
| | - Xiao-Yan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Childrens Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Childrens Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition
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14
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Celebi Sozener Z, Ozdel Ozturk B, Cerci P, Turk M, Gorgulu Akin B, Akdis M, Altiner S, Ozbey U, Ogulur I, Mitamura Y, Yilmaz I, Nadeau K, Ozdemir C, Mungan D, Akdis CA. Epithelial barrier hypothesis: Effect of the external exposome on the microbiome and epithelial barriers in allergic disease. Allergy 2022; 77:1418-1449. [PMID: 35108405 PMCID: PMC9306534 DOI: 10.1111/all.15240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposure plays a major role in the development of allergic diseases. The exposome can be classified into internal (e.g., aging, hormones, and metabolic processes), specific external (e.g., chemical pollutants or lifestyle factors), and general external (e.g., broader socioeconomic and psychological contexts) domains, all of which are interrelated. All the factors we are exposed to, from the moment of conception to death, are part of the external exposome. Several hundreds of thousands of new chemicals have been introduced in modern life without our having a full understanding of their toxic health effects and ways to mitigate these effects. Climate change, air pollution, microplastics, tobacco smoke, changes and loss of biodiversity, alterations in dietary habits, and the microbiome due to modernization, urbanization, and globalization constitute our surrounding environment and external exposome. Some of these factors disrupt the epithelial barriers of the skin and mucosal surfaces, and these disruptions have been linked in the last few decades to the increasing prevalence and severity of allergic and inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and asthma. The epithelial barrier hypothesis provides a mechanistic explanation of how these factors can explain the rapid increase in allergic and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss factors affecting the planet's health in the context of the 'epithelial barrier hypothesis,' including climate change, pollution, changes and loss of biodiversity, and emphasize the changes in the external exposome in the last few decades and their effects on allergic diseases. In addition, the roles of increased dietary fatty acid consumption and environmental substances (detergents, airborne pollen, ozone, microplastics, nanoparticles, and tobacco) affecting epithelial barriers are discussed. Considering the emerging data from recent studies, we suggest stringent governmental regulations, global policy adjustments, patient education, and the establishment of individualized control measures to mitigate environmental threats and decrease allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Betul Ozdel Ozturk
- School of MedicineDepartment of Chest DiseasesDivision of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Pamir Cerci
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesEskisehir City HospitalEskisehirTurkey
| | - Murat Turk
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesKayseri City HospitalKayseriTurkey
| | - Begum Gorgulu Akin
- Clinic of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesAnkara City HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Seda Altiner
- Clinic of Internal Medicine Division of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesKahramanmaras Necip Fazil City HospitalKahramanmarasTurkey
| | - Umus Ozbey
- Department of Nutrition and DietAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
| | - Insu Yilmaz
- Department of Chest DiseasesDivision of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University School of MedicineDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Cevdet Ozdemir
- Institute of Child HealthDepartment of Pediatric Basic SciencesIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Istanbul Faculty of MedicineDepartment of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric Allergy and ImmunologyIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Dilsad Mungan
- School of MedicineDepartment of Chest DiseasesDivision of Immunology and Allergic DiseasesAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE)DavosSwitzerland
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15
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Georgescu SR, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Matei C, Popa GL, Erel O, Tampa M. Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis in Skin Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061507. [PMID: 35329832 PMCID: PMC8954849 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress represents the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and has been associated with a wide range of diseases. Thiols are the most important compounds in antioxidant defense. There is an equilibrium between thiols and their oxidized forms, disulfides, known as dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH). In 2014, Erel and Neselioglu developed a novel automated assay to measure thiol and disulfide levels. Subsequently, many researchers have used this simple, inexpensive and fast method for evaluating TDH in various disorders. We have reviewed the literature on the role of TDH in skin diseases. We identified 26 studies that evaluated TDH in inflammatory diseases (psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, acne vulgaris and rosacea), allergic diseases (acute and chronic urticaria) and infectious diseases (warts, pityriasis rosea and tinea versicolor). The results are heterogeneous, but in most cases indicate changes in TDH that shifted toward disulfides or toward thiols, depending on the extent of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.R.G.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Madalina Irina Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (M.I.M.); (G.L.P.)
| | - Clara Matei
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.R.G.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Gabriela Loredana Popa
- Department of Parasitology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.I.M.); (G.L.P.)
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey;
- Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara 06010, Turkey
| | - Mircea Tampa
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.R.G.); (C.M.); (M.T.)
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
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16
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Serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261259. [PMID: 34905558 PMCID: PMC8670689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin E has long been linked to skin health, including all of its possible functions in cosmetic products, to its roles in membrane integrity and even the aging process. However, reports on the relationship between serum vitamin E levels and the risk of chronic inflammatory skin diseases have been inconsistent. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Methods We searched the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, with no time limit up to 30.06.2021. Studies examining serum vitamin E levels in patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases were selected. Results Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria. Compared with controls, a lower vitamin E level was found in patients with vitiligo (SMD: -0.70, 95% CI: -1.21 to -0.19), psoriasis (SMD: -2.73, 95% CI: -3.57 to -1.18), atopic dermatitis (SMD: -1.08, 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.36) and acne (SMD: -0.67, 95% CI: -1.05 to -0.30). Conclusions Our meta-analysis showed that serum vitamin E levels were lower in patients suffering from vitiligo, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and acne. This study highlights the need to evaluate vitamin E status to improve its level in patients with skin diseases.
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17
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Roth-Walter F. Funktionellen Eisenmangel beim Allergiker mit gezielter Mikroernährung ausgleichen. ALLERGO JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s15007-021-4822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Kim TY, Kim YJ, Jegal J, Jo BG, Choi HS, Yang MH. Haplopine Ameliorates 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in Mice and TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced Inflammation in Human Keratinocyte. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050806. [PMID: 34069696 PMCID: PMC8161082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) effects of haplopine, which is one of the active components in D. dasycarpus. Haplopine (12.5 and 25 μM) inhibited the mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TSLP, GM-CSF, and G-CSF and the protein expressions of IL-6 and GM-CSF in TNF-α/INF-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. In H2O2-induced Jukat T cells, haplopine (25 and 50 μM) suppressed the productions of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, and COX-2) and increased the mRNA and protein expressions of oxidative stress defense enzymes (SOD, CAT, and HO-1) in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo, haplopine significantly attenuated the development of AD symptoms in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-stimulated Balb/c mice, as evidenced by reduced clinical dermatitis scores, skin thickness measurements, mast cell infiltration, and serum IgE concentrations. These findings demonstrate that haplopine should be considered a novel anti-atopic agent with the potential to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (J.J.); (B.-G.J.)
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- C&D Research Team, R&D Strategy Center, Genuonesciences, Seoul 06800, Korea;
| | - Jonghwan Jegal
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (J.J.); (B.-G.J.)
| | - Beom-Geun Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (J.J.); (B.-G.J.)
| | - Han-Seok Choi
- C&D Research Team, R&D Strategy Center, Genuonesciences, Seoul 06800, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.-S.C.); (M.H.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-3459-5753 (H.-S.C.); +82-51-510-2811 (M.H.Y.); Fax: +82-2-2057-9413 (H.-S.C.); +82-51-513-6754 (M.H.Y.)
| | - Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (J.J.); (B.-G.J.)
- Correspondence: (H.-S.C.); (M.H.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-3459-5753 (H.-S.C.); +82-51-510-2811 (M.H.Y.); Fax: +82-2-2057-9413 (H.-S.C.); +82-51-513-6754 (M.H.Y.)
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19
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Shams MH, Jafari R, Eskandari N, Masjedi M, Kheirandish F, Ganjalikhani Hakemi M, Ghasemi R, Varzi AM, Sohrabi SM, Baharvand PA, Safari M. Anti-allergic effects of vitamin E in allergic diseases: An updated review. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107196. [PMID: 33221170 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are caused by the immune system's response to innocent antigens called allergens. Recent decades have seen a significant increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases worldwide, which has imposed various socio-economic effects in different countries. Various factors, including genetic factors, industrialization, improved hygiene, and climate change contribute to the development of allergic diseases in many parts of the world. Moreover, changes in lifestyle and diet habits play pivotal roles in the prevalence of allergic diseases. Dietary changes caused by decreased intake of antioxidants such as vitamin E lead to the generation of oxidative stress, which is central to the development of allergic diseases. It has been reported in many articles that oxidative stress diverts immune responses to the cells associated with the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The aim of this short review was to summarize current knowledge about the anti-allergic properties of vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Hossein Shams
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Masjedi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Kheirandish
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Ramin Ghasemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali-Mohammad Varzi
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Seyyed-Mohsen Sohrabi
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Mozhgan Safari
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicines, Hamedan University of Medical Science, Hamedan, Iran
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20
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Ng YT, Chew FT. A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors associated with atopic dermatitis in Asia. World Allergy Organ J 2020; 13:100477. [PMID: 33204388 PMCID: PMC7645284 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder characterised by intense itch and eczematous lesions. Rising prevalence of AD has been observed worldwide including in Asia. Understanding the risk factors associated with AD may explain its pathogenicity and identify new preventive strategies and treatments. However, AD-associated risk factors and comorbidities specific to Asia have not been systematically reviewed. Methods We performed a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and summarised epidemiological studies investigating personal, family, and environmental factors and comorbidities associated with AD in Asia. Significant factors were assessed if they can be altered through lifestyle practices and further classified into non-modifiable and modifiable factors. Meta-analysis using the random-effect model was also conducted to provide an overall estimate for several significant factors. Results We identified a total of 162 epidemiological studies conducted in Asia. Among non-modifiable factors, a family history of atopic diseases was the most reported, suggesting the involvement of genetics in AD pathogenesis. Among modifiable factors, the results of meta-analyses revealed maternal smoking as the strongest risk factor with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 2.95 (95% CI, 2.43-3.60), followed by active smoking (pooled OR, 1.91, 95% CI, 1.41-2.59). Conclusion While a family history may aid clinicians in identifying high-risk individuals, literature has long suggested the importance of gene-environment interaction. This review identified several modifiable factors including medical treatments, indoor and outdoor environmental exposure, and personal and family lifestyle specific to Asia. Based on the meta-analyses performed, prevention strategies against AD may start from changing personal and family lifestyle choices, especially smoking habits.
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Key Words
- AD, atopic dermatitis
- Asia
- Atopic dermatitis
- CI, Confidence interval
- Eczema
- FLG, Filaggrin
- HR, Hazard ratio
- I2, Inconsistency index
- ISAAC, International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood
- NO2, nitrogen dioxide
- OR, Odds ratio
- PR, Prevalence ratio
- PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
- PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- RR, Relative risk
- Risk factors
- TCM, traditional chinese medicine
- Th, T helper cell
- VOCs, Volatile organic compounds
- p, p-value
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ting Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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21
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Teo CWL, Tay SHY, Tey HL, Ung YW, Yap WN. Vitamin E in Atopic Dermatitis: From Preclinical to Clinical Studies. Dermatology 2020; 237:553-564. [PMID: 33070130 DOI: 10.1159/000510653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation are some of the proposed mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Current pharmacotherapeutic approaches are effective yet they are not without adverse effects. Vitamin E has great potential as an adjunctive treatment for AD owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. SUMMARY This review article summarizes the current available evidence from cellular, animal and clinical studies on the relationship between vitamin E and AD. The future prospects of vitamin E are also discussed. Vitamin E in practice does not show any toxicity to humans within a range of reasonable dosage. Albeit rarely, vitamin E as a contact allergen should be considered. Collectively, this review envisaged vitamin E as an adjunctive treatment for AD patients. Future research on the distinct effects of different vitamin E isoforms as well as their delivery system in skin disorders is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Wei Ling Teo
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, Singapore, Singapore, .,Research and Development Department, KL-Kepong Oleomas Sdn Bhd (KLK-Oleo), Selangor, Malaysia,
| | - Shawn Han Yueh Tay
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Liang Tey
- National Skin Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee Wei Ung
- Research and Development Department, KL-Kepong Oleomas Sdn Bhd (KLK-Oleo), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Ney Yap
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, Singapore, Singapore.,Research and Development Department, KL-Kepong Oleomas Sdn Bhd (KLK-Oleo), Selangor, Malaysia
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22
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The Role of Environmental Exposures in Atopic Dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2020; 20:74. [PMID: 33047271 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-020-00971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although genetic factors clearly play a role in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD), the recent dramatic increase in the prevalence of AD in low- and middle-income countries is not consistent with only a role of genetic factors. These findings strongly suggest that environmental factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. RECENT FINDINGS We reviewed the role of gene-environment studies; in utero exposures including tobacco smoke, alcohol, maternal stress, various digestive supplements, and gestational diabetes; early-life exposures including diet, gut microbiota, antibiotics, and breastfeeding; climate including temperature, ultraviolet radiation exposure, and air pollution; and household products, indoor allergens, water hardness, pH, and skin microbiota and their effects on AD. Environmental factors definitely play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. However, identifying definitive factors continues to be difficult in the setting of conflicting evidence and the complex interactions between genotypes and the environment resulting in a multitude of AD phenotypes. All of the different environmental interactions discussed highlight the importance of intervening on multiple levels in a patient's environment to improve or even prevent AD symptoms. Further, the importance of modifying environmental factors early on in a person's life is demonstrated. When possible, all of these environmental factors should be considered in treating a patient with AD and the appropriate modifications should be made at population and individual levels.
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23
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Lee KS, Choi YJ, Lim YH, Lee JY, Shin MK, Kim BN, Shin CH, Lee YA, Kim JI, Hong YC. Dietary patterns are associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among preschoolers in South Korea: a prospective cohort study. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:603-611. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1786789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Shin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon-Kyung Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Yang H, Chen JS, Zou WJ, Tan Q, Xiao YZ, Luo XY, Gao P, Fu Z, Wang H. Vitamin A deficiency exacerbates extrinsic atopic dermatitis development by potentiating type 2 helper T cell-type inflammation and mast cell activation. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 50:942-953. [PMID: 32559330 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) has been hypothesized to play a role in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVE We sought to verify whether VAD can exacerbate AD development, and explore the possible pathophysiologic mechanism. METHODS We detected serum vitamin A (VA) concentration in different phenotypes of AD infants (intrinsic AD, iAD and extrinsic AD, eAD), and established ovalbumin (OVA) percutaneous sensitized AD model and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) model on VAD and vitamin A supplementation (VAS) model in wild-type mice (C57BL/6) and established AD model on both normal VA (VAN) and VAD feeding mast cell deficiency mice (ckitw-sh/w-sh ). RESULTS The average serum VA concentration of eAD was significantly lower than that of iAD, as well as healthy controls. In OVA-induced C57BL/6 mouse AD model, compared with VAN group, VAD mice manifested significantly more mast cells accumulation in the skin lesions, more severe Th2-mediated inflammation, including higher serum IgG1 and IgE levels, more IL-4, IL-13 mRNA expression in OVA-sensitized skin, and lower Th1 immune response, including lower serum IgG2a and IFN-γ mRNA expression in the skin. But there was no significant difference in the expression of IL-17 mRNA between OVA-treated skin of VAN and VAD mice. However, in OVA-induced ckitw-sh/w-sh mouse AD model, we did not find any significant differences in the above measurements between VAD and VAN group. In PCA model, VAD mice showed remarkable more blue dye leakage than that in VAN mice. Compared with VAD group, the above-mentioned inflammatory measurements in VAS group and VAN group were similar in OVA-induced AD model mice. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE VAD can exacerbate extrinsic AD by augmenting Th2-mediated inflammation and mast cell activation. Therapeutic VAS can rescue VAD-aggravated eAD. It may provide a new strategy for future prevention or treatment of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Si Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Zhu Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhou Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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25
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Lee HA, Choi EJ, Park B, Lee H, Hong YS, Kim HS, Shin MK, Park H. The association between metabolic components and markers of inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction in adolescents, based on the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort Study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233469. [PMID: 32433661 PMCID: PMC7239476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the association between metabolic health and markers of inflammation and of endothelial dysfunction using data from the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort Study. The data of 195 subjects aged 13–15 years were analyzed. To assess metabolic syndrome, continuous metabolic syndrome (cMets) scores were calculated. We measured the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) as markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. An increase of one SD in the cMets score resulted in a 1.25-fold (95% CI 1.10–1.42) increase in the risk of acute inflammatory status and a 1.26-fold (95% CI 1.11–1.43) increase in the risk of endothelial dysfunction as defined by ICAM-1, while VCAM-1 showed a meaningless trend. Of the metabolic components, body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with elevated hs-CRP levels and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels were negatively associated with elevated ICAM-1 levels. Additionally, a mediation analysis showed that a high BMI was directly related to elevated hs-CRP levels and indirectly related to elevated ICAM-1 levels via HDL-c. Our findings show that poor metabolic health was related to an unfavorable inflammatory status and endothelial dysfunction in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ah Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bohyun Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwayoung Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Soon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Kyung Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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26
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Bertino L, Guarneri F, Cannavò SP, Casciaro M, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Oxidative Stress and Atopic Dermatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E196. [PMID: 32111015 PMCID: PMC7139929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic/chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disease, with increasing worldwide prevalence. Etiopathogenesis is complex and multifactorial, with a mix of genetic, immunological and environmental aspects. Like in other chronic inflammatory diseases, oxidative stress plays an important pathogenetic role. We reviewed in vivo research studies on humans about oxidative stress and atopic dermatitis. Although sometimes contrasting, overall, they suggest that oxidative stress may have a significant role in atopic dermatitis, but our understanding is still incomplete, at least concerning in vivo data, because of limitations of available literature. Research consists of 33 papers published in 28 years, was not always performed on large study populations, represents a limited number of countries and ethnicities-not always in proportion to their size-and is scattered over multiple papers that, in the majority of cases, cannot be pooled and/or compared because many biomarkers were studied, in different tissues and with different methods. Further, larger studies appear warranted and necessary to shed more light on this aspect of atopic dermatitis, which is important not only to improve our understanding of this disease, but also for potential clinical and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Bertino
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Guarneri
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Serafinella Patrizia Cannavò
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
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27
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Kuśmierek M, Sardecka I, Łoś-Rycharska E, Krogulska A. The impact of immunomodulatory factors from maternal diet during pregnancy on cow's milk allergy in offspring - A pilot study in the paediatric population of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2019; 47:570-578. [PMID: 31477402 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key role of dietary factors in immunotolerance promotion and allergic diseases prevention has been emphasised. The aim of the study was the analysis of the impact of immunomodulatory dietary components, consumed by pregnant women, on the development of cow's milk allergy (CMA) in their offspring. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-one pairs of mothers and their CMA-offspring were included in the study group. The analysis of a daily intake of selected dietary components was conducted retrospectively with the application of a seven-day diet of a mother in the third trimester of gestation and the authors' own questionnaire. The Diet 5.D programme was used. RESULTS An average daily retinol intake by study-group mothers was significantly lower than by control-group mothers and valued 375.6μg/d vs. 543.7μg/d (p=0.040), respectively. Folates intake in the study group was 598.8μg/d vs. 361.1μg/d in the control group (p=0.001). Vitamin D in the study group was statistically lower - 3.6μg/d, comparing to the control group - 6.9μg/d (p=0.038). Average LC-PUFA intake by mothers with allergic children was 0.09g/d, while in the control group 0.18g/d (p=0.016). An analysis of the diet revealed that significantly more mothers of children from the control group (n=12; 48%) consumed fish 2-3 times per month in comparison to the study group (n=9; 17.6%) (p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D, A, LC-PUFA, retinol, riboflavin and fish consumption by pregnant mothers of CMA-children was significantly lower, whereas beta-carotene and folates consumption was significantly higher than that of mothers with non-allergic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuśmierek
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityToruń, Poland.
| | - I Sardecka
- Department of Paediatrics, Allergology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - E Łoś-Rycharska
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityToruń, Poland
| | - A Krogulska
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityToruń, Poland
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Kake T, Imai M, Takahashi N. Effects of β‐carotene on oxazolone‐induced atopic dermatitis in hairless mice. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:1044-1050. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takamichi Kake
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry Institute of Medicinal Chemistry Hoshi University Shinagawa, Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiko Imai
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry Institute of Medicinal Chemistry Hoshi University Shinagawa, Tokyo Japan
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry Institute of Medicinal Chemistry Hoshi University Shinagawa, Tokyo Japan
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29
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Takahashi N, Kake T, Hasegawa S, Imai M. Effects of Post-administration of β-Carotene on Diet-induced Atopic Dermatitis in Hairless Mice. J Oleo Sci 2019; 68:793-802. [PMID: 31292344 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a cutaneous condition characterized by itchy, swollen, and dry skin, which is mediated by T helper cell-related cytokines. β-Carotene, a natural red pigment found in plants, exhibits antioxidant activity that has been shown to promote an inflammatory response. Because it is not clear whether β-carotene suppresses inflammation in AD skin tissues, we examined the effects of oral administration of β-carotene in mice induced by a low zinc/magnesium diet (HR-AD diet). Our studies found that AD-like inflammation was remarkably reduced by β-carotene. In addition, β-carotene significantly suppressed protein expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1 and mRNA expression of TSLP, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, and Par-2 in AD-like skin tissues. It was also found that mRNA and protein expression of filaggrin (a major structural protein in epidermis) in AD-like skin was significantly elevated by β-carotene administration. Furthermore, β-carotene treatment significantly reduced the activity and/or mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), degradation of the extracellular matrix and regulation of chemokines. These results suggest that β-carotene reduces skin inflammation through the suppressed expression of inflammatory factors or the activity of MMPs as well as the promotion of filaggrin expression in AD-like skin. β-Carotene is a potent anti-inflammatory agent, which improves AD-like skin by enhancing the skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Takahashi
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Takamichi Kake
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Shinya Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Masahiko Imai
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
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30
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Daniluk U, Filimoniuk A, Kowalczuk‐Krystoń M, Alifier M, Karpińska J, Kaczmarski MG, Lebensztejn DM. Association of antioxidants and vitamin D level with inflammation in children with atopic dermatitis. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:1056-1061. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Daniluk
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Aleksandra Filimoniuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Monika Kowalczuk‐Krystoń
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Marek Alifier
- Department of Clinical Immunology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | | | - Maciej G. Kaczmarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Dariusz M. Lebensztejn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland
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31
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Pre-natal folic acid and iron supplementation and atopic dermatitis in the first 6 years of life. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:361-367. [PMID: 30923900 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01911-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure in utero has been suggested to influence health later in life. The aim of this study was to investigate, if the use of prenatal food supplements was associated with atopic dermatitis in the offspring. Mothers who gave birth in the hospital G. B. Grassi were invited to participate in the study (n = 395). Information on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical data of the mothers and babies, vegetables and fruit intake, food avoidance, and food supplements use during pregnancy, depression status, and environmental exposure was obtained for all subjects in the hospital at the time of delivery. Data on breastfeeding practice, introduction of weaning foods, day care attendance, and atopic dermatitis were collected in the postnatal follow-ups. Logistic regression was applied to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Children in which mothers used both iron and folic acid supplementation had a fourfold decreased risk of developing atopic dermatitis [OR = 0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06-0.79, p = 0.02], after adjusting for possible confounding factors. Findings suggest an independent and protective effect of prenatal folic acid and iron supplementation for atopic dermatitis in children.
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32
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Vaughn AR, Foolad N, Maarouf M, Tran KA, Shi VY. Micronutrients in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 25:567-577. [PMID: 30912673 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2018.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) involves a complex interplay between immune system dysfunction, genetics, and environmental factors. It is well known that nutritional status is essential to a proper functioning immune system, leading to a highly debated question regarding the role of dietary factors in the pathogenesis of AD. Food allergies and elimination diets have been broadly studied in atopy; however, less consideration has been given to how vitamins, minerals, and other micronutrients influence the risk for AD and severity of symptoms. This systematic review discusses evidence on how various micronutrients, including vitamins (C, E, and D) and trace minerals (zinc, selenium, iron, copper, magnesium, and strontium) are associated with AD, and how supplementation influence disease severity. Design: A systematic search was conducted to identify the role that oral micronutrients have on AD. The authors reviewed 49 studies herein. Results: While there are weak associations between vitamins C or E and AD, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that vitamin D supplementation provides benefit in AD patients. Deficiency of selenium and zinc may exacerbate AD. Current reports are not sufficient to confidently discern the role of other vitamins and trace minerals on AD. Conclusions: Though oral micronutrients may play a role in AD, the current literature is limited, and there is a need for more comprehensive randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to truly decipher the role between oral micronutrients and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Vaughn
- 1 Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Negar Foolad
- 2 School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Melody Maarouf
- 3 College of Medicine, University of Arizona-Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - Khiem A Tran
- 3 College of Medicine, University of Arizona-Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - Vivian Y Shi
- 4 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona-Tucson, Tucson, AZ
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Xiang J, Wang H, Li T. Comorbidity of Vitamin A and Vitamin D Deficiency Exacerbates the Severity of Atopic Dermatitis in Children. Dermatology 2019; 235:196-204. [DOI: 10.1159/000496603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Several studies have suggested that vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) is associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, little is known about the relationship between AD and vitamin A (VA). The interaction between VA and VD on AD requires further study. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We detected serum levels of VA and VD in children with AD to explore how VA deficiency (VAD) and VDD affect AD severity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We assessed the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index, total immunoglobin E levels and peripheral blood eosinophil counts. VA and VD levels were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography. Correlations among variables were investigated with Pearson’s correlation analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The VD and VA levels were significantly lower in children with AD than in normal children (p < 0.001, p = 0.0423). Both VD and VA levels were negatively correlated with SCORAD scores. The SCORAD scores were significantly higher in AD patients with both VDD and VAD (co-deficiency) than in other AD patients. Significant inverse correlations were observed between peripheral blood eosinophil counts and serum VA and VD levels. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> VA and VD co-deficiency may exacerbate AD symptoms in children, but the specific mechanism underlying this relationship requires further study. These findings may indicate the need for studies evaluating the use of VD and VA as potential treatments for AD patients.
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34
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Lee HA, Hwang HJ, Oh SY, Ha EH, Park H. Dietary patterns related to exposure to persistent organic pollutants based on the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:189-196. [PMID: 30172988 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are endocrine disruptors that are typically ingested in food. Using data from the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort study, we identified dietary patterns related to blood persistent organic pollutant (POP) levels in children. In total, 188 Korean children (95 boys and 93 girls) aged 7-9 years were included in this study. Daily food intake data derived from a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire were grouped into 33 food groups. Dietary patterns were analyzed using the reduced rank regression method, with blood POP levels as dependent variables. The marker polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) pattern showed more weighted loading factors in the intake of shellfish/salted seafood, cheese, nuts and seeds, and total PCBs showed similar results. The dioxin-like PCB pattern was characterized by a higher intake of yogurt, beverages, and fruit and a lower intake of grain, seaweeds, and processed meat. Additionally, the total organochlorine pesticide (OCP) pattern showed positive factor loading values in shrimp and beverages, and negative factor loading values in seaweeds and processed meat. Each dietary pattern accounted for 25.0% of total OCPs, 22.9% of dioxin-like PCBs, 21.6% of marker PCBs, and 21.3% of total PCBs in blood. Dietary pattern scores were linearly related to blood POP levels, and this association remained after adjusting for sex, age, follow-up survey year, maternal educational level, body mass index, and total energy. Dietary patterns differed slightly among the individual POPs. Further studies are needed to develop an intervention strategy for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ah Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Hwang
- Biomaterials Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Young Oh
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Zhang Y, Guo Y, Ma J, Lu XZ, Luo XQ. [Association of FokI rs2228570 and TMPRSS6 rs855791 polymorphisms with cow's milk protein allergy in children]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2018; 20:641-646. [PMID: 30111473 PMCID: PMC7389751 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association of polymorphisms of FokI rs2228570 in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and TMPRSS6 rs855791 with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in children. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyze the single nucleotide polymorphisms of FokI rs2228570 in the VDR gene and TMPRSS6 rs855791 in 100 children with CMPA and 100 healthy children (control group). The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the risk factors for CMPA. RESULTS There were significant differences in the frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes of TMPRSS6 rs855791 between the CMPA and control groups (P=0.008), and the CMPA group had a significantly higher frequency of TT genotype. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the children with TT genotype of rs855791 had an increased risk of CMPA (OR=3.473, P=0.011). However, there was no significant difference in the genotype distribution of FokI rs2228570 in the VDR gene between the two groups (P=0.686). CONCLUSIONS TMPRSS6 rs855791 polymorphism is associated with CMPA in children, and TT genotype may be the susceptible genotype of CMPA. FokI rs2228570 polymorphism is not associated with CMPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Guangdong Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511400, China.
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36
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Maarouf M, Vaughn AR, Shi VY. Topical micronutrients in atopic dermatitis-An evidence-based review. Dermatol Ther 2018; 31:e12659. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Maarouf
- College of Medicine; University of Arizona; Tucson Arizona
| | - A. R. Vaughn
- College of Medicine; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - V. Y. Shi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology; University of Arizona; Tucson Arizona
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Roth-Walter F, Pacios LF, Bianchini R, Jensen-Jarolim E. Linking iron-deficiency with allergy: role of molecular allergens and the microbiome. Metallomics 2017; 9:1676-1692. [PMID: 29120476 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00241f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Atopic individuals tend to develop a Th2 dominant immune response, resulting in hyperresponsiveness to harmless antigens, termed allergens. In the last decade, epidemiological studies have emerged that connected allergy with a deficient iron-status. Immune activation under iron-deficient conditions results in the expansion of Th2-, but not Th1 cells, can induce class-switching in B-cells and hampers the proper activation of M2, but not M1 macrophages. Moreover, many allergens, in particular with the lipocalin and lipocalin-like folds, seem to be capable of binding iron indirectly via siderophores harboring catechol moieties. The resulting locally restricted iron-deficiency may then lead during immune activation to the generation of Th2-cells and thus prepare for allergic sensitization. Moreover, iron-chelators seem to also influence clinical reactivity: mast cells accumulate iron before degranulation and seem to respond differently depending on the type of the encountered siderophore. Whereas deferoxamine triggers degranulation of connective tissue-type mast cells, catechol-based siderophores reduce activation and degranulation and improve clinical symptoms. Considering the complex interplay of iron, siderophores and immune molecules, it remains to be determined whether iron-deficiencies are the cause or the result of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- Department of Comparative Medicine, at the Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Luis F Pacios
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo-UPM, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Department of Comparative Medicine, at the Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Department of Comparative Medicine, at the Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. and Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Man G, Hu LZ, Elias PM, Man MQ. Therapeutic Benefits of Natural Ingredients for Atopic Dermatitis. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 24:308-314. [PMID: 28861804 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Although a variety of regimens are available for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), severe adverse reactions and unpopular costs often limit their usage. In contrast, certain inexpensive, naturally-occurring ingredients are proven effective for AD with fewer side effects. The beneficial effects of these ingredients can be attributed to inhibition of cytokine and chemokine expression, IgE production, inflammatory cell infiltration, histamine release, and/or the enhancement of epidermal permeability barrier function. Since herbal medicines are widely available, inexpensive and generally safe, they could be valuable alternatives for the treatment of AD, particularly for those patients who are not suitable for the utilization of immune modulators. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic benefits of natural ingredients for the treatment of AD and the mechanisms of their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Man
- Dermatology Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Li-Zhi Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Peter M Elias
- Dermatology Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
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Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, López-Sobaler AM, Navia B, Andrés P, Jiménez-Ortega AI, Ortega RM. β-Carotene Concentration and Its Association with Inflammatory Biomarkers in Spanish Schoolchildren. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2017; 71:80-87. [PMID: 28704820 DOI: 10.1159/000479009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the correlation between inflammatory biomarkers and plasma β-carotene levels in children. METHODS A total of 564 Spanish schoolchildren aged 9-12 were observed and studied. Plasma β-carotene levels were assessed by HPLC. A β-carotene level <4.83 µg/dL (0.09 µmol/L) was considered deficient. Plasma tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by immunoenzyme assays. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was tested by immunonephelometry. RESULTS Subjects who were β-carotene-deficient (23.1% of the studied children) had higher IL-6 levels than subjects with normal β-carotene concentrations. The log-IL-6 and log-hs-CRP concentrations, but not the log-TNF-α level, were strongly and inversely related to the plasma log-β-carotene level (taking into account log-age, energy intake, log-triglycerides, gender, log-body mass index, log-β-carotene intake, energy from lipids and cholesterol as covariables). When the 3 inflammatory biomarkers were introduced into the regression model along with the corresponding covariables, only the log-IL-6 level was related to the plasma log-β-carotene level (β = -0.505 ± 0.078; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory status, in particular IL-6 levels, appears to be negatively associated with plasma β-carotene levels in schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Sección Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Skevaki C, Van den Berg J, Jones N, Garssen J, Vuillermin P, Levin M, Landay A, Renz H, Calder PC, Thornton CA. Immune biomarkers in the spectrum of childhood noncommunicable diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 137:1302-16. [PMID: 27155027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A biomarker is an accurately and reproducibly quantifiable biological characteristic that provides an objective measure of health status or disease. Benefits of biomarkers include identification of therapeutic targets, monitoring of clinical interventions, and development of personalized (or precision) medicine. Challenges to the use of biomarkers include optimizing sample collection, processing and storage, validation, and often the need for sophisticated laboratory and bioinformatics approaches. Biomarkers offer better understanding of disease processes and should benefit the early detection, treatment, and management of multiple noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This review will consider the utility of biomarkers in patients with allergic and other immune-mediated diseases in childhood. Typically, biomarkers are used currently to provide mechanistic insight or an objective measure of disease severity, with their future role in risk stratification/disease prediction speculative at best. There are many lessons to be learned from the biomarker strategies used for cancer in which biomarkers are in routine clinical use and industry-wide standardized approaches have been developed. Biomarker discovery and validation in children with disease lag behind those in adults; given the early onset and therefore potential lifelong effect of many NCDs, there should be more studies incorporating cohorts of children. Many pediatric biomarkers are at the discovery stage, with a long path to evaluation and clinical implementation. The ultimate challenge will be optimization of prevention strategies that can be implemented in children identified as being at risk of an NCD through the use of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi Skevaki
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH Baldingerstr, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jolice Van den Berg
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Department of Immunology/Microbiology Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Nicholas Jones
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales
| | - Johan Garssen
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Beta Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Levin
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Division of Asthma and Allergy, University of Cape Town, and the Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alan Landay
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Department of Immunology/Microbiology Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Harald Renz
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH Baldingerstr, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philip C Calder
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine A Thornton
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales.
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Hiragun M, Hiragun T, Oseto I, Uchida K, Yanase Y, Tanaka A, Okame T, Ishikawa S, Mihara S, Hide M. Oral administration of β-carotene or lycopene prevents atopic dermatitis-like dermatitis in HR-1 mice. J Dermatol 2017; 43:1188-1192. [PMID: 26992660 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing eczematous skin disease. Certain populations of patients are resistant to standard therapies with topical steroids and/or calcineurin inhibitors, and require systemic medication, such as immunosuppressants. Recently, several reports have shed light on the anti-allergic effects of carotenoids. Therefore, we investigated the effect of p.o. administration of β-carotene or lycopene on AD-like symptoms of HR-1 hairless mice fed with a low zinc/magnesium diet. Mice were divided into four groups: (i) fed with a standard diet (Co group); (ii) low zinc/magnesium diet (HR group); (iii) low zinc/magnesium and β-carotene diet (HR-C group); and (iv) low zinc/magnesium and lycopene diet (HR-L group). They were then fed these diets for 8 weeks. Severities of dermatitis were assessed by their appearance, and histopathological and hematological observations. Mice in the HR group developed AD-like dermatitis both clinically and histologically. HR-C and HR-L group mice also developed xerosis and wrinkle-like skin changes, but they were milder than those of HR group mice. Histological analysis revealed that epidermis thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration in the skin of the HR-C and HR-L groups were both statistically less than those of the HR group. The concentration of thymus and activation regulated chemokine in the skin of the HR-L group and the concentration of CCL27 in the skin of the HR-C group were significantly lower than those of the HR group, respectively. In conclusion, p.o. administration of β-carotene or lycopene prevents AD-like symptoms in association with a suppression of T-helper 2 chemokines in a murine model. Ingestion of carotenoids may be beneficial for patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Hiragun
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hiragun
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ikumi Oseto
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazue Uchida
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuhki Yanase
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | | | - Shoji Mihara
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Lee HA, Hwang HJ, Oh SY, Park EA, Cho SJ, Kim HS, Park H. Which Diet-Related Behaviors in Childhood Influence a Healthier Dietary Pattern? From the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort. Nutrients 2016; 9:nu9010004. [PMID: 28025537 PMCID: PMC5295048 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to examine how childhood dietary patterns change over the short term and which changes in diet-related behaviors influence later changes in individual dietary patterns. Using food frequency questionnaire data obtained from children at 7 and 9 years of age from the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort, we examined dietary patterns by principal component analysis. We calculated the individual changes in dietary pattern scores. Changes in dietary habits such as eating a variety of food over two years were defined as “increased”, “stable”, or “decreased”. The dietary patterns, termed “healthy intake”, “animal food intake”, and “snack intake”, were similar at 7 and 9 years of age. These patterns explained 32.3% and 39.1% of total variation at the ages of 7 and 9 years, respectively. The tracking coefficient of snack intake had the highest coefficient (γ = 0.53) and that of animal food intake had the lowest (γ = 0.21). Intra-individual stability in dietary habits ranged from 0.23 to 0.47, based on the sex-adjusted weighted kappa values. Of the various behavioral factors, eating breakfast every day was most common in the “stable” group (83.1%), whereas consuming milk or dairy products every day was the least common (49.0%). Moreover, changes in behavior that improved the consumption of milk or dairy products or encouraged the consumption of vegetables with every meal had favorable effects on changes in healthy dietary pattern scores over two years. However, those with worsened habits, such as less food variety and more than two portions of fried or stir-fried food every week, had unfavorable effects on changes in healthy dietary pattern scores. Our results suggest that diet-related behaviors can change, even over a short period, and these changes can affect changes in dietary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ah Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Hyo Jeong Hwang
- Biomaterials Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea.
| | - Se Young Oh
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Eun Ae Park
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Su Jin Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Hae Soon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
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Merlano-Barón AE, Villanueva-Pájaro DJ, Marrugo Cano JA. Modulación de la respuesta alérgica por los carotenoides de la dieta. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2016. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v64n1.51567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
<p>Los carotenoides son pigmentos isoprenoides que están presentes de manera natural y en altas concentraciones en la mayoría de alimentos vegetales —entre ellos, aguacate, papaya, tomate y zanahoria—, pero también encontrados como aditivos y colorantes en diversos productos cárnicos, aceites vegetales, salsas, aderezos, harinas, entre otros. En los últimos años, algunos estudios han descrito que los carotenoides de la dieta participan en varios procesos fisiopatológicos, incluyendo la respuesta inmune de tipo alérgico. Las tasas de prevalencia para este tipo de enfermedades han incrementado de manera alarmante durante las últimas cinco décadas en todo el mundo, a la vez que varios factores e hipótesis se han planteado tratando de explicar este fenómeno: uno de ellos es la hipótesis de la dieta, la cual plantea que la composición de varios micro y macronutrientes de la alimentación, así como los cambios en los patrones dietarios, influirían en tal problemática. Evidencia epidemiológica y básica experimental emergente señala que los carotenoides de la dieta participan en la regulación de la inflamación alérgica, y por ello se postulan como coadyuvantes en la terapia de tales padecimientos. En el presente artículo se revisará el estado del arte en relación a los efectos de los carotenoides de la dieta sobre la patología alérgica.</p>
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Yang AR, Kim YN, Lee BH. Dietary intakes and lifestyle patterns of Korean children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis: Using the fourth and fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV,V), 2007–11. Ecol Food Nutr 2015; 55:50-64. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2015.1072813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chung J, Kwon SO, Ahn H, Hwang H, Hong SJ, Oh SY. Association between Dietary Patterns and Atopic Dermatitis in Relation to GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphisms in Young Children. Nutrients 2015; 7:9440-52. [PMID: 26580648 PMCID: PMC4663601 DOI: 10.3390/nu7115473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research suggests the association of glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms or diet, but no interactions between these factors in atopic dermatitis (AD). We conducted a community-based case-control study including 194 AD and 244 matched non-AD preschoolers. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) present/null genotypes were evaluated uisng a multiplex PCR method. We measured dietary intakes by a validated food frequency questionnaire and constructed three dietary patterns such as “traditional healthy”, “animal foods”, and “sweets” diets. In stratified analyses by GST genotypes, the “traditional healthy” diet and reduced AD showed association only in the GSTM1-present group (odd ratio (OR) 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13–0.75). A similar pattern of the association existed in the combined GSTM1/T1 genotype that indicated the inverse association between the “traditional healthy” diet and AD in the double GSTM1/T1-present genotype group (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.06–0.93). Results from the multiplicative test analyses showed that the “traditional healthy” diet on reduced AD was significant or borderline significant in the GSTM1-present group (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54–0.92 vs. GSTM1-null group) or the GSTM1/T1 double present group (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.39–1.03 vs. GSTM1/T1 double null group). These findings demonstrate that the present type of GSTM1 may increase susceptibility to the potential effect of the “traditional healthy” diet on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayong Chung
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Sung-Ok Kwon
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hyogin Ahn
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hyojung Hwang
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 13, Gangdong-daero, Pungnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05535, Korea.
| | - Se-Young Oh
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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Wang T, Zhang HP, Zhang X, Liang ZA, Ji YL, Wang G. Is Folate Status a Risk Factor for Asthma or Other Allergic Diseases? ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2015; 7:538-46. [PMID: 26333700 PMCID: PMC4605926 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2015.7.6.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is controversial whether folate status is a risk factor for the development of asthma or other allergic diseases. This study was conducted to investigate whether indirect or direct exposure to folate and impaired folate metabolism, reflected as methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism, would contribute to the development of asthma and other allergic diseases. METHODS Electronic databases were searched to identify all studies assessing the association between folate status and asthma or other allergic diseases. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of studies and extracted data. The relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated and pooled. RESULTS Twenty-six studies (16 cohort, 7 case-control, and 3 cross-sectional studies) were identified. Maternal folic acid supplementation was not associated with the development of asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), eczema, and sensitization in the offspring, whereas exposure during early pregnancy was related to wheeze occurrence in the offspring (RR=1.06, 95% CI=[1.02-1.09]). The TT genotype of MTHFR C677T polymorphism was at high risk of asthma (OR=1.41, 95% CI=[1.07-1.86]). CONCLUSIONS It is indicated that maternal folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy may increase the risk of wheeze in early childhood and that the TT genotype of MTHFR C677T polymorphism impairing folic acid metabolism would be at high risk of asthma development. These results might provide additional information for recommendations regarding forced folate consumption or folic acid supplements during pregnancy based on its well-established benefits for the prevention of congenital malformations. However, currently available evidence is of low quality which is needed to further elucidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Hong Ping Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zong An Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yu Lin Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Papadopoulou A, Panagiotakos D, Hatziagorou E, Antonogeorgos G, Matziou V, Tsanakas J, Gratziou C, Tsabouri S, Priftis K. Antioxidant foods consumption and childhood asthma and other allergic diseases: The Greek cohorts of the ISAAC II survey. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2015; 43:353-60. [PMID: 25097022 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidant intake changes have been implicated with the increase in asthma and allergies outcomes, but no clear association has been revealed. In this cross sectional study, the overall effect of antioxidants on asthma and allergic diseases was studied. METHODS Data from the cohorts of the phase II ISAAC survey (2023 children 9-10 years old) in two metropolitan Greek cities were analysed. Using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, an Antioxidant Eating Index (AEI, range 0-6) was created with the pro-antioxidant (vegetables, fruits, fresh juice, fish) and the non-antioxidant (meat, burgers) food intake and was evaluated with allergic diseases. Higher values of the score suggest closer to an "antioxidant" and lesser to a "saturated fatty" diet. RESULTS Prevalence of lifetime and current asthma, current rhinitis and sensitisation were higher in Thessaloniki compared to Athens. The AEI score of the entire cohort was 4.2 ± 1.2 (median 4.0) and was higher in Athens compared to Thessaloniki (4.3 ± 1.2 vs. 4.0 ± 1.2, p=0.001) and in girls than boys (4.3 ± 1.1 vs. 4.0 ± 1.2, p=0.001). AEI was inversely associated with lifetime asthma (OR: 0.87, 95%CI 0.77, 0.99) in either cities independently of other cofounders such as family history, sensitisation, exercise, house smoking, breast feeding, pet or dampness in houses. No association with other allergic disease or sensitisation was detected. CONCLUSION Antioxidant foods seem to be a non-pharmacological, protective dietary pattern for asthma development in children irrespectively of atopy or heredity; AEI was a rough indicator and the role of antioxidants in allergic diseases is still under consideration.
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Man G, Elias PM, Man MQ. Therapeutic benefits of enhancing permeability barrier for atopic eczema. DERMATOL SIN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsi.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Rhee CS, Wee JH, Ahn JC, Lee WH, Tan KL, Ahn S, Lee JH, Lee CH, Cho YS, Park KH, Lee KH, Kim KS, Lee A, Kim JW. Prevalence, risk factors and comorbidities of allergic rhinitis in South Korea: The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2015; 28:e107-14. [PMID: 24717946 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2014.28.4040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been no nationwide epidemiological investigation of allergic rhinitis (AR) that was diagnosed by both questionnaires and laboratory tests in Korea. This study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and comorbidities of AR in South Korea. METHODS The Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey examined a representative sample of the Korean population. A total of 2305 participants underwent immunoradiometric assay for specific IgE antibodies against common indoor allergens. Healthy, atopy only, and AR groups were defined according to the results of allergen test. The weighted prevalence for each group was calculated. Risk factors including food and comorbidities were identified using univariate or multivariate analyses. The patients were also categorized into four subgroups according to the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification and associated comorbidities were analyzed. RESULTS The prevalence of atopy only and AR was 30.0 ± 1.2% and 16.2 ± 1.0%, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that the prevalence was influenced by sex (p < 0.01) for atopy only and sex (p = 0.09), age (p = 0.02), marital status (p = 0.24), and stress level (p = 0.30) for AR. Compared with the healthy group, asthma (odds ratio [OR] = 4.77), nasal polyp (NP; OR = 3.44), chronic rhinosinusitis (OR = 13.93), and olfactory dysfunction (OR = 4.88) were more prevalent in the AR group. Based on the ARIA guideline, intermittent mild rhinitis was most common (58.1%). Asthma was correlated to severity and atopic dermatitis and NPs was associated with persistency. Daily intake of less mackerel and more carrots, bread, and bean curd were associated with the increased risk of AR. CONCLUSION Prevalence, risk factors, and comorbidities of AR were evaluated in the general Korean population, which will contribute to prevention and treatment of AR and its comorbidities in Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae-Seo Rhee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
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Plevnik Kapun A, Salobir J, Levart A, Tavčar Kalcher G, Nemec Svete A, Kotnik T. Vitamin E supplementation in canine atopic dermatitis: improvement of clinical signs and effects on oxidative stress markers. Vet Rec 2014; 175:560. [PMID: 25205675 DOI: 10.1136/vr.102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of plasma vitamin E concentrations were found in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). The present study was aimed at determining the effect of an eight-week vitamin E supplementation on clinical response (Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI-03) scores and pruritus intensity) in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Levels of oxidative stress markers (plasma malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), blood glutathione peroxidase and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, plasma and skin vitamin E concentrations) were also determined. Twenty-nine dogs with CAD were included in the study. Fourteen received vitamin E (8.1 IU/kg once daily, orally) and 15 received mineral oil as placebo (orally). All dogs were treated with antihistamine fexofenadine. Levels of oxidative stress markers (with the exception of skin vitamin E), CADESI-03 and pruritus intensity were determined at the beginning, then every two weeks. Skin vitamin E was determined at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. Significantly higher plasma levels of vitamin E and TAC were observed in the vitamin E group than in the placebo group. CADESI-03 scores determined throughout the treatment in the vitamin E group were significantly lower than in the placebo group. The findings of this study support the supplementation of vitamin E in dogs with atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Salobir
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - A Levart
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - G Tavčar Kalcher
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute for Hygiene and Pathology of Animal Nutrition, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Nemec Svete
- Clinic for Surgery and Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - T Kotnik
- Clinic for Surgery and Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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