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Kibibi NI, Dena I, Cummings PDW, Hicks CD, Bao W, Schweizer ML. Obesity in Refugees post-resettlement in a high-income country: a meta-analysis. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:2197-2209. [PMID: 37468741 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refugees have a high prevalence of obesity post resettlement, but few studies have compared their risk of obesity to those of the host population. We systematically investigated the association between refugee status and obesity after resettlement in a high-income nation. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, OpenGrey and bibliographies of retrieved articles, with no date, location, and language restrictions, for observational studies assessing obesity rates in resettled refugees compared to the host population. RESULTS Nine studies were analyzed. We found no evidence of increased risk of obesity among refugees compared to the host population, with significant heterogeneity across studies. However, the risk of obesity among refugee men were significantly lower than the host population. DISCUSSION The heterogeneity between studies calls for more high-quality research to examine the risk of obesity among refugees compared to the host population in high-income countries. This will enable results to be pooled to provide more decisive evidence about obesity trends among refugees post migration in a high-income nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclette I Kibibi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 N. Riverside Dr., S400 CPHB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Isabelle Dena
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Precious de-Winton Cummings
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 N. Riverside Dr., S400 CPHB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Chelsea D Hicks
- Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wei Bao
- Institute of Public Health Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Marin L Schweizer
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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2
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Ntanda GM, Sia D, Beogo I, Baillot A, Nguemeleu ET, Merry L, Ramdé J, Jean-Charles KP, Philibert L. Factors Influencing the Acceptance or Rejection of Dietary and Body Norm Systems Favorable to the Prevention and Control of Type 2 Diabetes Among Sub-Saharan Africa migrants: A Scoping Review. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-02072-3. [PMID: 38969923 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The systems of dietary and body that favor the prevention and control of type 2 diabetes (T2D) go against what is vital for most of the migrant population, exposing them to conflicts of norms that are difficult to reconcile. The purpose of this scoping review is to identify factors that may influence the acceptance or rejection of dietary and body norm systems favorable to the prevention and control of T2D by sub-Saharan Africa migrants living with T2D. METHODS An electronic search of studies from 2011 to 2022, published in English, Italian, French, or Portuguese was conducted in seven databases and in gray literature. The selection of articles was done independently and blindly by six teams of two researchers in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria defined by the PICO. RESULTS Seven studies were included. The results show several factors influencing the acceptance or rejection of dietary and body norms systems favorable to the prevention and control of T2D among the migrants from sub-Saharan Africa, mainly social network, income, availability, and affordability of foods, among others. CONCLUSION Given the paucity of studies available on factors influencing the acceptance or rejection of body norm systems favorable to the prevention and control of T2D by sub-Saharan Africa migrants living with T2D, further studies are needed to better document these factors. A better understanding of these factors and their influence on the well-being of migrant people from sub-Saharan Africa living with T2D could help guide policy, research, and interventions so that they are better adapted to the realities of these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisèle Mandiangu Ntanda
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, QC, Canada.
- Institut Universitaire Sherpa, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Institut du Savoir de L'hôpital Montfort-Recherche, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Drissa Sia
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, QC, Canada
- Institut Universitaire Sherpa, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Idrissa Beogo
- Institut du Savoir de L'hôpital Montfort-Recherche, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aurélie Baillot
- Institut du Savoir de L'hôpital Montfort-Recherche, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Nursing, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | | | - Lisa Merry
- Institut Universitaire Sherpa, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jean Ramdé
- Département des fondements et pratiques en éducation | Faculté des sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Léonel Philibert
- Institut du Savoir de L'hôpital Montfort-Recherche, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Pôle Pluralité Humaine, Université de L'Ontario Français, Toronto, Canada
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3
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Olajide BR, van der Pligt P, McKay FH. Cultural food practices and sources of nutrition information among pregnant and postpartum migrant women from low- and middle-income countries residing in high income countries: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303185. [PMID: 38723007 PMCID: PMC11081330 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) may engage in a range of cultural food practices during pregnancy, including restricting or avoiding foods high in protein and iron, and foods rich in vitamins and minerals. While research has explored the cultural food practices of pregnant women in LMICs, there is less understanding of the continued cultural food practices of women who migrate to high-income countries and then become pregnant. This systematic review explores the existing research on cultural food practices and sources of nutrition information among pregnant and postpartum migrant women from LMICs, residing in high-income countries. A systematic search was conducted in April 2024 across Global Health, CINAHL, and MEDLINE, published in English, with no date restrictions. Eligible studies included those focused on pregnant and postpartum women who had migrated from LMICs to high-income countries. Studies were excluded if they comprised of non-immigrant women or did not involve LMIC participants. Screened were studies for eligibility, data were extracted, and study quality was assessed. In total, 17 studies comprising qualitative (n = 10) and quantitative (n = 7) approaches were included. In 14 studies participants adhered to cultural food practices, wherein certain nutritious foods were restricted during pregnancy or the postpartum period; three studies noted limited adherence due to support, acculturation, and access to traditional foods. Most studies (n = 10) reported traditional "hot" and "cold" food beliefs during pregnancy and postpartum, aiming to maintain humoral balance for maternal and child health and to prevent miscarriage. Nutrition advice was sought from family members, friends, relatives, healthcare providers, and media sources, with a preference for advice from family members in their home countries. There is a need for culturally appropriate nutrition education resources to guide pregnant migrants through healthy and harmful cultural food practices and overall nutrition during this crucial period. (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42023409990).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolanle R. Olajide
- Institute for Health Transformation (IHT), School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paige van der Pligt
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Nutrition, Western Health, Footscray, Australia
| | - Fiona H. McKay
- Institute for Health Transformation (IHT), School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Nayakarathna R, Patel N, Currie C, Faulkner G, Riazi N, Tremblay MS, Trudeau F, Larouche R. Correlates of Physical Activity in Children from Families Speaking Non-official Languages at Home: a Multi-site Canadian Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:815-825. [PMID: 36913115 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children from families speaking a non-official language at home may be particularly at risk for low physical activity (PA), underscoring a need to investigate correlates of PA in this subpopulation. METHODS We recruited 478 children in 37 schools stratified by area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and type of urbanization within three regions of Canada. Steps/day were measured using SC-StepRx pedometers. We assessed potential social-ecological correlates with child and parent surveys. We used gender-stratified linear mixed models to examine the correlates of steps/day. RESULTS Outdoor time was the strongest correlate of boys' and girls' PA. Lower area-level SES was associated with less PA among boys, but outdoor time attenuated this difference. The strength of association between outdoor time and PA decreased with age in boys and increased with age in girls. DISCUSSION Outdoor time was the most consistent correlate of PA. Future interventions should promote outdoor time and address socioeconomic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nimesh Patel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Cheryl Currie
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Negin Riazi
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - François Trudeau
- Département des Sciences de l'Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Richard Larouche
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
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Mude W, Nyanhanda T. Food behaviours and eating habits among Sub-Saharan African migrant mothers of school-aged children in South Australia. J Migr Health 2022; 7:100149. [PMID: 36686968 PMCID: PMC9850201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight, obesity and chronic conditions like diabetes, stroke and heart disease represent a significant burden to public health. Traditional foods and healthy dietary habits can reduce the risk of these conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to explore traditional food patterns and eating habits among Sub-Saharan African migrant mothers of school-aged children in South Australia. The study was a qualitative inquiry that used face-to-face interviews with 15 mothers of school-aged children in South Australia. Snowballing was used to sample participants, and data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analysed thematically. Four broad themes described participants' food behaviours and eating habits, including maintaining traditional food patterns, changes in traditional food patterns and eating habits, concerns with food environments in Australia, and challenges with traditional food availability and access in Australia. This study found that although mothers were committed to maintaining their traditional foods, they found it increasingly difficult to continue such habits. Participants reported challenges as their children are increasingly demanding westernised foods. While some parents pushed back against such demands from their children, others felt helpless and relented. Some views showed that food environments, food systems, access, and scarcity of traditional foods in Australia influenced the participants' food patterns and eating habits. Appropriately tailored healthy eating health promotion actions targeting school-aged children and mothers in this population need to consider their food contexts. Promoting the use of traditional foods, their preparation practices, and processing might be helpful in this community when developing healthy eating programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mude
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, 42-52 Abbott Street & Shields Street, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia,Corresponding author.
| | - Tafadzwa Nyanhanda
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia
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Dela Cruz R, Wolfe E, Yonemori KM, Fialkowski MK, Wilkens LR, Coleman P, Lameko-Mua S, Johnson E, Gilmatam D, Sigrah C, Shomour M, Remengesau S, Alfred J, Acosta M, Ettienne R, Deenik J, Tanisha A, Salazar KA, Novotny R, Boushey CJ. Exploring Foods of the Pacific: Cultural Food Identity in the US Affiliated Pacific Region. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF HEALTH & SOCIAL WELFARE 2022; 81:247-252. [PMID: 36118154 PMCID: PMC9460762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous peoples of the Pacific have seen major shifts in dietary patterns due to foreign colonization, which introduced an array of new foods. Today, foods considered traditional and acculturated are consumed in various extents. However, the definitions and identity of traditional versus acculturated foods has become unclear as many introduced foods have been incorporated into Pacific cultures. The purpose of this study was to capture culturally relevant definitions of traditional, acculturated, and locally grown foods among 10 jurisdictions of the US-Affiliated Pacific (USAP) region with a focus on fruits and vegetables. Questionnaires were used to capture definitions of these terms, and to identify a list of foods (n=121) as traditional, acculturated, and/or locally grown in addition to classify them into food groups (ie, fruit, vegetable, starch, and/or grain). For the most part, definitions of traditional, acculturated, and locally grown were agreed upon by participating USAP jurisdictions, with some supplementary caveats presented by different jurisdictions. More foods were identified as acculturated (n=75) than traditional (n=37). Fruits (n=55) were the most frequent designation and about a third were vegetables (n=44). The majority of the jurisdictions reported growing at least half of the food items. This is the first study to identify and classify foods of the Pacific from the perspective of those indigenous to the USAP region. Understanding these similarities and differences in how food is classified and identified, through the lens of those from the Pacific, is crucial for nutrition education, and understanding what foods are locally grown is important for future sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rica Dela Cruz
- University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (RDC, EW, KMY, LRW, KAS, CJB)
| | - Eric Wolfe
- University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (RDC, EW, KMY, LRW, KAS, CJB)
| | - Kim M. Yonemori
- University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (RDC, EW, KMY, LRW, KAS, CJB)
| | - Marie K. Fialkowski
- University of Hawai‘i, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Honolulu, HI (MKF, JD, RN)
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (RDC, EW, KMY, LRW, KAS, CJB)
| | - Patricia Coleman
- Northern Marianas College, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands (PC)
| | | | - Emihner Johnson
- Island Food Community of Pohnpei, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia (EJ)
| | - Daisy Gilmatam
- Yap Health Services, Yap, Federated States of Micronesia (DG)
| | - Cecilia Sigrah
- Kosrae Community Health Center, Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia (CS)
| | - Moria Shomour
- Chuuk State Division of Public Health, Federated States of Micronesia (MS)
| | | | - Julia Alfred
- Ministry of Health, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands (JA)
| | | | | | - Jonathan Deenik
- University of Hawai‘i, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Honolulu, HI (MKF, JD, RN)
| | | | | | - Rachel Novotny
- University of Hawai‘i, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Honolulu, HI (MKF, JD, RN)
| | - Carol J. Boushey
- University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI (RDC, EW, KMY, LRW, KAS, CJB)
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7
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Hartono S, Cochrane T, Niyonsenga T, Kinfu Y. Children's longitudinal bodyweight in Australia: Influence of migrant mothers' long-term residency, attachment to, and level of childhood overweight in country-of-birth. Health Place 2022; 75:102791. [PMID: 35334333 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Immigration creates opportunities and imposes constraints associated with acculturation. We used the Australian national longitudinal survey of children aged 2 to 17 to evaluate the influence of mothers' long-term residency in Australia, mothers' attachment to country-of-birth, and macro indicators of childhood overweight environment at mothers' country-of-birth on children's longitudinal bodyweight. Both mothers' long-term exposure to the Australian environment and attachment to country-of-birth were associated with increased children's bodyweight z-scores. The childhood overweight environment in mothers' country-of-birth continued to influence their children's bodyweight after immigration. A better understanding of factors related to mothers' migration and children's bodyweight status is necessary to identify risk factors and migrant sub-groups needing extra support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hartono
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Bruce, A.C.T., Australia.
| | - Tom Cochrane
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Bruce, A.C.T., Australia.
| | - Theo Niyonsenga
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Bruce, A.C.T., Australia; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, A.C.T., Australia.
| | - Yohannes Kinfu
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, A.C.T., Australia; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Health Metrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
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8
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Moderating Effects of Socio-Demographic Factors in Associations Between Acculturation and Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviours: a Study of Australian Residents Born in Sub-Saharan Africa. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12134-021-00930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Hayba N, Shi Y, Allman-Farinelli M. Enabling Better Nutrition for Adolescents from Middle Eastern Backgrounds: Semi-Structured Interviews with Parents. Nutrients 2021; 13:3918. [PMID: 34836174 PMCID: PMC8624745 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The unyielding obesity epidemic in adolescents from Middle Eastern (ME) backgrounds warrants culturally-responsive and co-designed prevention measures. This study aimed to capture the opinions of ME parents residing in Australia on the crisis and their enablers and barriers to healthy eating interventions given their influence on adolescent eating behaviors. Twenty-six semi-structured interviews were conducted with ME mothers, aged 35-59 years, and most residing in low socioeconomic areas (n = 19). A reflexive thematic analysis using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour model and Theoretical Domain Framework was conducted. Parents expressed confidence in knowledge of importance of healthy eating, but were reluctant to believe behaviours were engaged in outside of parental influence. Time management skills are needed to support working mothers and to minimize reliance on nearby fast-food outlets, which was heightened during COVID-19 with home-delivery. Time constraints also meant breakfast skipping was common. A culture of feeding in light of diet acculturation and intergenerational trauma in this diaspora was also acknowledged. Parents pleaded for upstream policy changes across government and school bodies to support parental efforts in the form of increased regulation of fast-food and subsidization of healthy products. Opportunities for weight-inclusive programs including parenting workshops underpinned by culturally-responsive pedagogy were recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nematullah Hayba
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (Y.S.); (M.A.-F.)
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10
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Fouche C, Richter S, Vallianatos H, Mason A, Fernández-Sánchez H, Mazzucato V, Kariwo M, Salami B. African immigrant child health: A scoping review. J Migr Health 2021; 4:100054. [PMID: 34405197 PMCID: PMC8352012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2021.100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The health of migrant children is a pressing issue. While most African migration takes place within Africa, a significant number of African migrants travel to outside of the continent. This article reports findings from a scoping review on the health of African immigrant children from sub-Saharan Africa now living outside of Africa. A systematic search for studies published between 2000 and 2019 resulted in only 20 studies reporting on the health of children up to 18 years of age migrating from sub-Saharan Africa. Data from these articles were thematically analyzed, highlighting concerns related to the children's nutrition status (n = 8), mental health (n = 7), and physical health (n = 5). Study participants were primarily from Somali and Ethiopia, and most studies were conducted in Australia or Israel. The review highlights several gaps related to the scope, range, and nature of evidence on the health of African immigrant children living outside of Africa. In particular, most focus on children's nutritional and mental health, but pay little attention to other health concerns this specific population may encounter or to the benefits associated with effective responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Fouche
- Faculty of Education and Social Work, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - S. Richter
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada
| | | | - A. Mason
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada
| | | | - V. Mazzucato
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands
| | - M. Kariwo
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - B. Salami
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada
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11
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Renzaho AMN, Mansouri F, Counted V, Polonsky M. The Influence Region of Origin, Area of Residence Prior to Migration, Religion, and Perceived Discrimination on Acculturation Strategies Among sub-Saharan African Migrants in Australia. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12134-021-00829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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The Association between Post-Migration Nutrition and Lifestyle Transition and the Risk of Developing Chronic Diseases among Sub-Saharan African Migrants: A Mixed Method Systematic Review Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094706. [PMID: 33925056 PMCID: PMC8124406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants face nutrition and lifestyle changes upon arrival in a host country. The shift in diet and lifestyle reflects post-migration acculturation and could predispose migrants to nutrition- and lifestyle- related chronic diseases. A mixed-methods systematic review of published studies and the grey literature on post-migration nutrition and lifestyle transition among SSA migrants will be undertaken. Studies published in English and conducted from 2000 to 2020 using quantitative and/or qualitative methods will be included. Ten bibliographic databases will be searched: Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Informit and Web of Science. Data extraction will be informed by the Cochrane PROGRESS-Plus framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute manual. The quality of the included studies will be appraised for risk of bias using validated tools. An integrated approach to quantitative and qualitative data synthesis through data transformation will be undertaken, and a narrative synthesis of the findings will be provided. This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines and provides insight into the scope and parameters of the systematic review to be conducted. The aim of the review is to evaluate the association between post-migration nutrition and lifestyle transition and the risk of developing chronic diseases among SSA migrants in Australia. This review will provide insight into possible areas for interventions to improve the health of migrants. Systematic Review Registration: The protocol was registered with the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews CRD42020206560.
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Salami B, Fernandez-Sanchez H, Fouche C, Evans C, Sibeko L, Tulli M, Bulaong A, Kwankye SO, Ani-Amponsah M, Okeke-Ihejirika P, Gommaa H, Agbemenu K, Ndikom CM, Richter S. A Scoping Review of the Health of African Immigrant and Refugee Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073514. [PMID: 33800663 PMCID: PMC8038070 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Migration is a growing phenomenon around the world, including within the African continent. Many migrants, especially African children, face challenges related to health and social inclusion and can face increased health risks. A systematic scoping review of available literature on the health of African migrant children across the globe was conducted to offer insight into these health risks. The review was conducted over a 15-month period from January 2019 to April 2020, yielding 6602 articles once duplicates were removed. This search included electronic databases, reference lists of articles reviewed, and searches of libraries of relevant organisations. A total of 187 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 159 were quantitative, 22 were qualitative, and 6 used mixed methods. The findings reveal decreased health in this population in areas of nutrition, infectious diseases, mental health, birth outcomes, sexual and reproductive health, physical and developmental health, parasitic infections, oral health, respiratory health, preventative health, endocrine disorders, health care services, and haematological conditions. The findings offer insights into factors influencing the health of African immigrant and refugee children. Further studies, especially qualitative studies, are needed to determine barriers to service access after migration and to investigate other underexplored and overlooked health concerns of African migrant children, including pneumonia and child maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bukola Salami
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 0Z7, Canada; (H.F.-S.); (M.T.); (A.B.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Higinio Fernandez-Sanchez
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 0Z7, Canada; (H.F.-S.); (M.T.); (A.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Christa Fouche
- Faculty of Education and Social Work, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Catrin Evans
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Lindiwe Sibeko
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 204 Chenoweth Laboratory, Amherst, MA 01003-9282, USA;
| | - Mia Tulli
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 0Z7, Canada; (H.F.-S.); (M.T.); (A.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Ashley Bulaong
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 0Z7, Canada; (H.F.-S.); (M.T.); (A.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Stephen Owusu Kwankye
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 96, Legon, Accra GA184, Ghana;
| | - Mary Ani-Amponsah
- School of Nursing, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 43, Legon, Accra GA184, Ghana;
| | | | - Hayat Gommaa
- Department of Nursing Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Sokoto Road, PMB 06, Zaria 810107, Nigeria;
| | - Kafuli Agbemenu
- School of Nursing, The State University of New York (SUNY), University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | | | - Solina Richter
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 0Z7, Canada; (H.F.-S.); (M.T.); (A.B.); (S.R.)
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Alsubhi M, Goldthorpe J, Epton T, Khanom S, Peters S. What factors are associated with obesity-related health behaviours among child refugees following resettlement in developed countries? A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative and quantitative evidence. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13058. [PMID: 32608177 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Refugee children are likely to become less active and eat more unhealthily after their resettlement in developed countries. This review aims to identify and synthesize research about factors that influence unhealthy behaviours related to obesity in this population. Six electronic databases were searched systematically to identify studies that sampled refugee children or parents of refugee children aged 2 to 16 years who have resettled in a developed country. Methodological and cultural study quality was assessed and factors associated with obesity-related health behaviours investigated. Twenty studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Five major themes, representing factors influencing health behaviours, were identified from the data synthesis process: Acculturation, Environmental, Socioeconomic, Cognitive, and Family. The analysis revealed that refugee's health behaviours are influenced by several complex factors that are common to immigrant groups but have a greater influence among refugees. The review also revealed parental practices influence the health behaviours of children, especially those aged 2 to 10 years. Research is needed to understand further the role that parents have in influencing health behaviours and weight trajectories of children following resettlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Alsubhi
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joanna Goldthorpe
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tracy Epton
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sonia Khanom
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Peters
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, Division of psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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15
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López-Gil JF, López-Benavente A, Tárraga López PJ, Yuste Lucas JL. Sociodemographic Correlates of Obesity among Spanish Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:E201. [PMID: 33126639 PMCID: PMC7692605 DOI: 10.3390/children7110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Some studies have been conducted in order to assess the association between weight status (assessed by body mass index) and socio-demographic factors. Nevertheless, only a few of them have indicated these associations by other anthropometric parameters (e.g., skinfolds). The aim of this study was to determine, compare, and examine the influence of age, sex, type of the schooling, per capita income, area of residence, and immigrant status on obesity parameters in schoolchildren aged 6-13 from the Region of Murcia. A cross-sectional study was carried out in six different Primary schools of the Region of Murcia (Spain). A total sample of 370 children (166 girls) aged 6-13 (8.7 ± 1.8) were selected. In order to determine participants' body composition, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and skinfold measurements were calculated. Higher associations of excess of weight (OR = 1.96; 95%CI = 1.19-3.20) and abdominal obesity (OR = 3.12; 95CI% = 1.49-6.94) were shown in the case of children from public schools. A greater association of high trunk fat mass was found in children from municipalities with high per capita income (OR = 3.20; 95%CI = 1.05-9.77). Therefore, lower association of having an inadequate %BF was found in the participants aged 6-9 (OR = 0.38; 95%CI = 0.24-0.54), and immigrant students (OR = 2.63; 95%CI = 1.69-4.10). Our study suggested that overweight/obesity among schoolchildren in the Region of Murcia is higher than the overall prevalence of Spain. The results of the adjusted analyses showed that age, type of schooling, per capita income, and immigrant status were associated with obesity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco López-Gil
- Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Murcia (UM), San Javier, 30720 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alba López-Benavente
- Departamento de Expresión Plástica, Musical y Dinámica, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Murcia (UM), Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.L.-B.); (J.L.Y.L.)
| | - Pedro Juan Tárraga López
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Juan Luis Yuste Lucas
- Departamento de Expresión Plástica, Musical y Dinámica, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Murcia (UM), Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.L.-B.); (J.L.Y.L.)
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Beltrán-Velasco AI, Mendoza-Castejón D, Fuentes-García JP, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Behavioural, psychological, and physiological stress markers and academic performance in immigrant and non-immigrant preschool and school students. Physiol Behav 2020; 225:113081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Strugnell C, Mathrani S, Sollars L, Swinburn B, Copley V. Variation in the Socioeconomic Gradient of Obesity by Ethnicity - England's National Child Measurement Programme. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1951-1963. [PMID: 32886431 PMCID: PMC7540500 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence and risk of overweight/obesity among expanded ethnicity categories within boys and girls in England and the differential influence of socioeconomic position using the 2015/2016 and the 2016/2017 cycles of the National Child Measurement Programme. METHODS This cross-sectional and descriptive study examined surveillance data of weight status among primary school children in England. Data were pooled across data collection years, representing 1.25 million children in Reception (aged 4-5 years) and 1.1 million children in Year 6 (aged 10-11 years). Ethnicity was classified according to National Health Service definitions, and child residence was used to calculate quintiles of Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index. Measured weight status was classified using the International Obesity Task Force's definition. Logistic regression models were run for each sex and year group. RESULTS Within each sex, ethnicity- and socioeconomic-specific differentials in overweight/obesity prevalence were evident. For example, among the five most populous ethnic groups in the most deprived quintile, 26.8% of White British girls in Reception had overweight/obesity compared with 20.7% of girls with Pakistani, 31.2% with Black African, 17.1% with Indian, and 22.2% with any Any Other White (e.g., White European) background. CONCLUSIONS Ethnicity had an independent influence on overweight/obesity risk after adjustment for socioeconomic position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Strugnell
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong AustraliaGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Shireen Mathrani
- Health Improvement DirectorateRisk Factors IntelligencePublic Health EnglandLondonUK
| | - Loretta Sollars
- Health Improvement DirectorateLife CoursePublic Health EnglandLondonUK
| | - Boyd Swinburn
- School of Population HealthUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Vicky Copley
- Health Improvement DirectorateRisk Factors IntelligencePublic Health EnglandLondonUK
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Leon Guerrero RT, Barber LR, Aflague TF, Paulino YC, Hattori-Uchima MP, Acosta M, Wilkens LR, Novotny R. Prevalence and Predictors of Overweight and Obesity among Young Children in the Children's Healthy Living Study on Guam. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2527. [PMID: 32825433 PMCID: PMC7551370 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is part of the Children's Healthy Living program in U.S. Affiliated Pacific region. The objectives were to estimate overweight and obesity (OWOB) prevalence and identify possible related risk factors among ethnic groups in Guam. In 2013, 865 children (2-8 years) were recruited via community-based sampling from select communities in Guam. Children's demographic and health behavior information; dietary intake; and anthropometric measurements were collected. Logistic regression, odds ratio, t-tests, and chi-square tests were used to determine differences and assess covariates of OWOB. The results indicate that 58% of children were living below the poverty level, 80% were receiving food assistance, and 51% experienced food insecurity. The majority of children surveyed did not meet recommendations for: sleep duration (59.6%), sedentary screen-time (83.11%), or fruit (58.7%) and vegetable (99.1%) intake, and consumed sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) (73.7%). OWOB affected 27.4% of children. Children affected by OWOB in this study were statistically more likely (p = 0.042) to suffer from sleep disturbances (p = 0.042) and consume marginally higher amounts (p value = 0.07) of SSB compared to children with healthy weight. Among Other Micronesians, children from families who considered themselves 'integrated' into the culture were 2.05 (CI 0.81-5.20) times more likely to be affected by OWOB. In conclusion, the OWOB prevalence among 2-8-year-olds in Guam was 27.4%; and compared with healthy weight children, children with OWOB were more likely to have educated caregivers and consume more SSBs. Results provide a basis for health promotion and obesity prevention guidance for children in Guam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael T. Leon Guerrero
- Office of Research & Sponsored Programs, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA; (L.R.B.); (T.F.A.); (Y.C.P.); (M.P.H.-U.); (M.A.)
| | - L. Robert Barber
- Office of Research & Sponsored Programs, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA; (L.R.B.); (T.F.A.); (Y.C.P.); (M.P.H.-U.); (M.A.)
| | - Tanisha F. Aflague
- Office of Research & Sponsored Programs, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA; (L.R.B.); (T.F.A.); (Y.C.P.); (M.P.H.-U.); (M.A.)
| | - Yvette C. Paulino
- Office of Research & Sponsored Programs, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA; (L.R.B.); (T.F.A.); (Y.C.P.); (M.P.H.-U.); (M.A.)
| | - Margaret P. Hattori-Uchima
- Office of Research & Sponsored Programs, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA; (L.R.B.); (T.F.A.); (Y.C.P.); (M.P.H.-U.); (M.A.)
| | - Mark Acosta
- Office of Research & Sponsored Programs, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA; (L.R.B.); (T.F.A.); (Y.C.P.); (M.P.H.-U.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Rachel Novotny
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii At Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
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Hall BJ, Huang L, Yi G, Latkin C. Fast food restaurant density and weight status: A spatial analysis among Filipina migrant workers in Macao (SAR), People's Republic of China. Soc Sci Med 2020; 269:113192. [PMID: 32713761 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female migrant populations are at high risk of being overweight or obese. Beyond individual risk factors, exposure to the neighborhood food environment may contribute to their unhealthy weight status in the host region. Incorporating spatial analysis, this study examined the association between exposure to fast food restaurants and unhealthy weight status among Filipina domestic workers in Macao (SAR), China. METHODS AND FINDINGS Data were collected from 1388 Filipina domestic workers recruited using respondent-driven sampling between November 2016 to August 2017. Self-reported data on demographic characteristics, residential mailing address, and health-related behaviors were collected using tablet devices. Height and weight were objectively measured at the study site. Restaurant locations and resident addresses were geocoded and integrated into a shapefile for residential locations using ArcGIS. Nearly 64% of participants were classified as being overweight or obese, with 25.02% overweight and 38.96% obese. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression indicated that increased fast food restaurant density within a 0.5-mile buffer zone around a residential address was positively associated with higher odds of being overweight and obese (aOR = 1.07; 95% CI [1.01-1.14]. CONCLUSIONS Increased fast food restaurant density was associated with unhealthy weight status among Filipina domestic workers in Macao (SAR), China. Providing healthy working environment, including access to healthy food, is indicated to improve the health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Hall
- New York University (Shanghai), Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Lei Huang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People's Republic of China.
| | - Grace Yi
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Carl Latkin
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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20
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Chau M. Cultural Diversity and the Importance of Communication, Cultural Competence, and Uncertainty in Radiography. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2020; 51:S17-S22. [PMID: 32439284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cultural diversity has been well-recognized as a challenge for health care providers in many countries, thereby stressing the importance of effective and sufficient communications between patients and health care staff. Culturally competent care is a key to day-to-day practice, and we must strive to provide optimum care despite personal differences. If the health care service is to provide culturally competent care, our radiographers are vulnerable and prone to errors because effective communication requires both cultural competence and knowledge of the language. An understanding in effective communication, cultural competence, and uncertainty is important in the profession of radiographers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Chau
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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21
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Food Insecurity and Major Diet-Related Morbidities in Migrating Children: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020379. [PMID: 32023929 PMCID: PMC7071308 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Children of migrant families are known to be at a higher risk of diet-related morbidities due to complex variables including food insecurity, cultural and religious beliefs, and sociodemographic factors like ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and education. Several studies have assessed the presence of specific diseases related to dietary issues in migrant children. This systematic review aims to highlight the existing body of work on nutritional deficiencies in the specific vulnerable pediatric population of immigrants. Refugees were intentionally excluded because of fundamental differences between the two groups including the reasons for migration and health status at the time of arrival. A total of 29 papers were included and assessed for quality. Most of them described a strong correlation between obesity and migration. A high prevalence of stunting, early childhood caries, iron and vitamin D deficiency was also reported, but the studies were few and heterogeneous. Food insecurity and acculturation were found important social factors (nevertheless with inconclusive results) influencing dietary habits and contributing to the development of morbidities such as obesity and other metabolic disorders, which can cause progressive unsustainability of health systems. Public health screening for diet-related diseases in migrant children may be implemented. Educational programs to improve children’s diet and promote healthy-living behaviors as a form of socioeconomic investment for the health of the new generations may also be considered.
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22
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Aflague TF, Leon Guerrero RT, Delormier T, Novotny R, Wilkens LR, Boushey CJ. Examining the Influence of Cultural Immersion on Willingness to Try Fruits and Vegetables among Children in Guam: The Traditions Pilot Study. Nutrients 2019; 12:E18. [PMID: 31861756 PMCID: PMC7019652 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study examined the influence of cultural immersion on willingness to try fruits and vegetables (FV) among children 3-12 years old in three summer camps in Guam with different cultural exposure levels: cultural immersion camp (CIC), high exposure; university day camp (UDC), moderate exposure; and recreational sports camp (RSC), zero exposure. Children, ages 3-12 years old for CIC and UDC and 5-12 years old for RSC, participated: CIC (n = 47), UDC (n = 23), and RSC (n = 33). Children's willingness to try FV was assessed with the Adapted WillTry tool before and after each program. Whole FV intakes were assessed concurrently using the mobile food record in CIC and UDC. Using multivariate regression, WillTry post-assessment outcomes were modeled adjusting for pre-assessment, child characteristics, exposure, and parent cultural affiliation. Unique to the Adapted WillTry tool are three FV scales, local novel, local common, and imported, which are classified by source (local or imported) and/or familiarity (novel or common). WillTry adjusted mean FV post-scores by highest exposure camp to lowest were 2.2, 2.3, and 2.2 for local novel and 2.6, 2.6, and 2.6 for local common. No differences among camps were significant; however, there was an increase in the willingness to try scores for all FV score types and camps. The Traditions pilot study demonstrated: (1) feasibility of a multi-arm parallel design using existing community programs in limited-resource environments and (2) further examination of nutrition education components and contexts are needed to understand diet behaviors of indigenous populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha F. Aflague
- College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA;
| | | | - Treena Delormier
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3L9, Canada;
| | - Rachel Novotny
- Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (L.R.W.); (C.J.B.)
| | - Carol J. Boushey
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (L.R.W.); (C.J.B.)
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23
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Ahmed S, Downs S, Fanzo J. Advancing an Integrative Framework to Evaluate Sustainability in National Dietary Guidelines. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Renzaho AMN, Green J, Smith BJ, Polonsky M. Exploring Factors Influencing Childhood Obesity Prevention Among Migrant Communities in Victoria, Australia: A Qualitative Study. J Immigr Minor Health 2019; 20:865-883. [PMID: 28702815 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-017-0620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the availability of numerous obesity prevention initiatives in developed countries including Australia, rising childhood obesity levels have been found among migrant communities which contribute to widening obesity-related disparities in these countries. We sought to understand the factors influencing the participation of migrant communities in childhood obesity prevention initiatives. We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews among 48 migrant parents from African, Middle Eastern, Indian and Vietnamese origins living in disadvantaged areas of Victoria, Australia to explore their views on childhood obesity and its prevention. Thematic analysis showed low obesity literacy among migrant communities, cultural influences negatively impacting their healthy lifestyle behaviours and cultural, family-level and community-level barriers impacting their participation in childhood obesity prevention initiatives. There is an urgent need to improve obesity literacy among migrant communities using bicultural workers in order to improve their responsiveness to childhood obesity prevention initiatives. Health interventionists are urged to incorporate culturally-mediated influences in the design of obesity prevention programs to achieve energy balance and maintain healthy weight among migrants. Such culturally appropriate approaches have the potential of reducing the widening ethnic-related obesity disparities in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre M N Renzaho
- Humanitarian and Development Studies, School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Julie Green
- Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Raising Children Network, Parenting Research Centre, 232 Victoria Pde, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Ben J Smith
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Michael Polonsky
- Dept. of Marketing, Deakin Business School, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
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25
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Counted V, Moustafa A, Renzaho A. Migration and sociodemographic factors associated with sense of place attitudes among migrants of African background in Northern and Western Netherlands. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 47:238-253. [PMID: 30144094 PMCID: PMC6585797 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This article investigates migration and sociodemographic factors associated with attitudes toward specific geographic settings (place attachment [PA], place identity, place dependence [PD]) in a cross-sectional data (N = 175) of sub-Saharan African residents in the Northern Netherlands and the Western Netherlands. Overall, it was found that scores of PA and PD were stronger in long-term African residents (more than 5 years) than among short-term residents (less than 5 years). The region of residence was positively related to PD, with participants in western Netherlands having stronger PD compared to those in the northern region. Language proficiency was inversely associated with PD among participants with a little knowledge of Dutch compared to those who could speak Dutch fluently. Older African residents (aged 46-55 years) were more likely to develop PA and PD than their younger counterparts (aged 18-25 years). PA scores were significantly lower for participants with a tertiary education background compared to those with a high school education or less educational attainment. PD scores were lower in females than males, and participants from Western Africa had stronger levels of PD compared to those from Central Africa. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Counted
- Western Sydney UniversityAustralia
- University of GroningenNetherlands
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26
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Addo IY, Brener L, Asante AD, de Wit J. Determinants of post-migration changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours and implications for health promotion: Evidence from Australian residents of sub-Saharan African ancestry. Health Promot J Austr 2019; 30 Suppl 1:62-71. [PMID: 30710450 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Several studies have attributed excess weight gain after immigration to changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours. However, recognising the main factors that influence post-migration changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours is less clear, particularly among Australian residents of sub-Saharan African (SSA) ancestry. Drawing on acculturation theory, this study examines main factors driving changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours among Australian residents who were born in SSA and provides insight into the extent to which the factors are related to immigration. METHODS A qualitative design based on a phenomenological approach was employed and a quota sampling technique was used to recruit 24 study participants for in-depth interviews. RESULTS The study found significant self-reported changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours after immigration that increase the risk of excess weight gain. The changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours were mainly driven by issues related to availability, accessibility and affordability of dietary and physical activity products. Time management and factors related to convenience also emerged as key determinants of change in dietary and physical activity behaviours. Apparently, some factors noted by participants shape dietary and physical activity behaviours irrespective of immigration, and these factors include: tastes and cravings for foods; friends and family influence on behaviour; and misconceptions about food and exercise. CONCLUSION Migration from SSA to Australia contributed to changes (mainly less healthy) in dietary and physical activity behaviours. To a large extent, post-migration changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours were driven by socio-economic and environmental factors. SO WHAT?: Health promotion programs that address the risky behaviours associated with excess weight gain among Australian residents of SSA ancestry should pay more attention to socio-economic and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Yeboah Addo
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Loren Brener
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Augustine Danso Asante
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John de Wit
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Iguacel I, Fernández-Alvira JM, Labayen I, Moreno LA, Samper MP, Rodríguez G. Social vulnerabilities as determinants of overweight in 2-, 4- and 6-year-old Spanish children. Eur J Public Health 2019; 28:289-295. [PMID: 29020368 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in obesity prevalence among vulnerable groups exist in childhood but it remains unclear whether these differences may be partly determined by socioeconomic status (SES), parental body mass index (BMI) and early life risk factors. We aimed to explore (i) longitudinal associations between belonging to a minority group and being overweight/obese at age 2, 4 and 6 and (ii) associations between accumulation of social vulnerabilities and being overweight/obese at age 6. Methods In total, 1031 children (53.8% boys) were evaluated at birth and re-examined during a 6-year follow-up in a representative cohort of Aragon (Spain). Children from minority (vulnerable) groups included Spanish Roma/gypsies, Eastern Europeans, Latin Americans and Africans. Two more vulnerable groups were defined at baseline as children whose parents reported low occupation and education. Ethnicity, SES and parental BMI were collected via interviews. We used logistic mixed-effects models and adjusted for parental BMI, SES, mother's tobacco use, maternal weight gain, birth weight, infant weight gain and breastfeeding practices. Results Regardless of confounders, Roma/gypsy children (OR = 4.63;[1.69-12.70]95%CI) and with Latin American background (OR = 3.04;[1.59-5.82]95%CI) were more likely to be overweight/obese at age 6 compared with non-gypsy Spanish group. Children with three vulnerabilities (OR = 2.18;[1.31-3.64]95%CI) were more likely to be overweight/obese at age 6 compared with children with no vulnerabilities. No associations were found between belonging to a minority group and overweight/obesity in children under 6. Conclusion Interventions should target Roma/gypsy children, Latin American children and those who accumulate more vulnerabilities as they are at higher risk of being overweight/obese at age 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Iguacel
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan M Fernández-Alvira
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pilar Samper
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Red de Salud Materno Infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), RETICS ISCIII, Spain.,Departamento de Pediatría, Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gerardo Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Red de Salud Materno Infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), RETICS ISCIII, Spain.,Departamento de Pediatría, Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Zhang Q, Liu R, Diggs LA, Wang Y, Ling L. Does acculturation affect the dietary intakes and body weight status of children of immigrants in the U.S. and other developed countries? A systematic review. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2019; 24:73-93. [PMID: 28406037 PMCID: PMC6120814 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2017.1315365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper reviews available studies on the relationship between acculturation and obesity among children of immigrants who have at least one foreign-born parent. METHODS A systematic review of relevant studies was undertaken using PubMed, Web of Science, and PsychInfo. RESULTS The initial search identified 1317 potentially relevant publications, of which 21 were retained after three rounds of screening. Most studies were conducted in the U.S. The majority of studies used BMI or overweight/obesity prevalence as the outcome variable, while two studies used dietary intake. Three studies used standardized acculturation scales, while most of the studies used generation, duration of residency in host country, and language as proxy measures of acculturation. The relationship between acculturation and outcomes varied between the host countries and origin countries for children of immigrants. CONCLUSION This study suggests children of immigrants with different cultural backgrounds may interact with host countries to varying degrees, ultimately influencing their diet behaviours and body weight status. Researchers are encouraged to adopt standardized acculturation scales to compare the results across countries and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Community and Environmental Health, Old Dominion
University, Norfolk, VA, USA
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen
University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruicui Liu
- School of Community and Environmental Health, Old Dominion
University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Leigh A Diggs
- School of Community and Environmental Health, Old Dominion
University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Youfa Wang
- Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, Ball State
University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Li Ling
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen
University, Guangzhou, China
- Faculty of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of
Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Wali N, Renzaho AMN. "Our riches are our family", the changing family dynamics & social capital for new migrant families in Australia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209421. [PMID: 30586405 PMCID: PMC6306218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immigration from collectivist cultures to Western countries often results in loss of social capital and changing family dynamics leading to isolation and acculturative stress. This study explored the impact of social and cultural changes experienced by seven migrant communities residing in Greater Western Sydney, Australia. It deconstructed the role of local community and networks in their initial settlement in absence of traditional forms of community support. Data were collected through fourteen focus group discussions (164 participants). Five major themes emerged: (i) changing gender roles and women empowerment; (ii) sending money home; (iii) culture shock and increased intercultural conflict; (iv) change in lifestyle from collective to individual culture; and (v) role of extended community in mitigating culture shock. These findings suggest that community interventions aimed at improving cultural and social engagement of migrants employ social capital framework. This will ensure enhanced communication within migrant families and communities from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Wali
- Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative, School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Andre M. N. Renzaho
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Toselli S, Gualdi-Russo E, Campa F. Ethnic differences in body image perception in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Hum Nutr Diet 2018; 32:356-371. [PMID: 30318634 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study compared the prevalence of obesity, fat distribution, body image perception and lifestyle among diabetic African and Albanian immigrants living in Italy, as well as diabetic Italians, aiming to identify health risks and their possible causes. METHODS The study sample consisted of 200 diabetic subjects living in Italy. A questionnaire regarding socio-demographic and lifestyle information was administered to participants, and anthropometric measurements and body image perception were assessed. Proper perception of weight status and the degree of dissatisfaction in body image perception were valued. RESULTS Italians showed a higher health risk, both with regard to anthropometric characteristics and lifestyle, whereas African immigrants showed a lower one. All of the male groups underestimated their weight and Albanians were the most dissatisfied. Women perceived their current body image as heavier than their desired body image, showing a dissatisfaction toward their weight. Subjects of both sexes belonging to the overweight and obese categories generally underestimated themselves; this was particularly true in obese Africans. People with a higher body mass index were more likely to be dissatisfied than those with a lower one. Body image dissatisfaction increased when people estimated themselves as being overweight. Among lifestyle habits, being an ex-smoker increased body image dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The underestimation of weight detected in the present study requires attention. Nevertheless, the high percentage of overweight/obese people, coupled with the higher frequency of people dissatisfied with their high weight, suggests an awareness of the problem that could be more effective for weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Toselli
- Departments of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Itlay
| | - E Gualdi-Russo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Surgical Specialties, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Campa
- Departments of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Itlay
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Huang X, Chen W, Lin Y, Zhang Q, Ling L. Association between acculturation and body weight status among migrant children in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018768. [PMID: 29934379 PMCID: PMC6020954 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between acculturation and body weight status among internal migrant children in China. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1154 pairs of migrant children aged 11-17 years and their primary caregivers in Guangzhou, China, from April to May 2016. MEASURES Migrant children's body weight status was measured by body mass index. Acculturation was measured by a questionnaire, developed and validated by the research team. The questionnaire had three dimensions with five factors, namely language, social interaction, custom, dressing and diet. Social anxiety was measured by Social Anxiety Scale for Children. Food intake was measured by the food frequency table that was developed from a previous study. Logistic regression was performed to examine the association between acculturation and overweight/obesity while controlling for migrant children's and their caregivers' demographic characteristics, children's social anxiety and food intake. RESULTS Seventy-six out of 1154 (6.6%) migrant children were overweight, and 36 (3.1%) were obese. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 12.5% in boys, and 6.1% in girls (p<0.001), respectively. The mean scores of acculturation were 41.8 (SD=14.6). Migrant children had the highest level of acculturation in the aspect of dressing (mean=61.7, SD=16.6), followed by language (mean=47.9, SD=22.3), diet (mean=45.0, SD=18.5), social interaction (mean=42.4, SD=21.3) and custom (mean=27.6, SD=19.2). After controlling for confounding factors, the levels of acculturation was negatively associated with overweight/obesity (adjusted OR (aOR)=0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.00, p=0.030). Furthermore, migrant children who had urban-to-urban migrant caregivers were more likely to be overweight/obese (aOR=2.07, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.69, p=0.014) than their counterparts living with rural-to-urban migrant caregivers. CONCLUSIONS The low levels of acculturation was associated with overweight/obesity among migrant children in Guangzhou, China. Promoting healthy acculturation and social campaign on healthy body weight may help prevent childhood overweight/obesity. Young migrant children, boys and children living with urban-to-urban migrant caregivers should be the target subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Huang
- Faculty of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Faculty of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Lin
- Faculty of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Community and Environmental Health, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Li Ling
- Faculty of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Condon LJ, McClean S. Maintaining pre-school children's health and wellbeing in the UK: a qualitative study of the views of migrant parents. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018; 39:455-463. [PMID: 27591301 PMCID: PMC5896591 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdw083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence that key health behaviours of people who migrate deteriorate over time, which has a consequent impact upon the health of dependent children. As health in the early years sets the course for lifelong health, it is important to explore parents' views on maintaining children's health following migration. Methods Five focus groups were held with parents of preschool children who had migrated to the UK within the last 10 years (n = 28). Parents originated from Romania, Poland, Somalia and Pakistan, with one group of Roma Gypsy parents. Data collection took place in January to March 2015. Results All groups, apart from the Roma, perceived barriers to maintaining optimal health and well-being for their preschool children following migration to the UK. Eastern European parents experienced difficulties in ensuring family financial security, while parents from more established communities focused on barriers to children's exercise, play and nutrition. Conclusions This study highlights aspects of public health where migrants and their children can experience adverse effects in the UK. These findings have implications for policymakers, commissioners and providers of health services who aim to promote good health among preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Condon
- Department of Nursing, University of Swansea, SwanseaSA2 8PP, UK
| | - S McClean
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, BristolBS16 1QY, UK
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Babatunde-Sowole OO, Power T, Davidson P, Ballard C, Jackson D. Exploring the diet and lifestyle changes contributing to weight gain among Australian West African women following migration: A qualitative study. Contemp Nurse 2018; 54:150-159. [PMID: 29635959 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2018.1459760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This paper reports on women's experiences of weight gain and obesity as they became acculturated to the Australian diet and lifestyle. BACKGROUND Migrants from sub-Saharan Africa have a much higher risk of obesity than the native population when settling in industrialised countries. METHOD Qualitative. RESULTS Women in this study reported weight gain post-migration. This was attributed to increased access to a wide variety of food including takeaway food and more sedentary lifestyles. CONCLUSIONS Obesity has long-term consequences for health and well-being. Further research is needed to support a healthy transition to life in Australia. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Gaining insight into the underlying reasons that West African immigrants to Australia become obese could contribute to assisting health professionals design culturally appropriate interventions and health education programmes to support new arrivals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamara Power
- a Faculty of Health , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Patricia Davidson
- b School of Nursing , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Charlotte Ballard
- c Oxford Institute for Nursing, Midwifery & Allied Health Research (OxINMAHR), Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK
| | - Debra Jackson
- a Faculty of Health , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , New South Wales , Australia.,c Oxford Institute for Nursing, Midwifery & Allied Health Research (OxINMAHR), Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK
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Blanchet R, Nana CP, Sanou D, Batal M, Giroux I. Dietary acculturation among black immigrant families living in Ottawa—a qualitative study. Ecol Food Nutr 2018; 57:223-245. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2018.1455674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanne Blanchet
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Constance P. Nana
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Dia Sanou
- FAO Sub Regional Office for Eastern Africa, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia
| | - Malek Batal
- TRANSNUT, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Isabelle Giroux
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Rhodes CM, Chang Y, Percac-Lima S. Development of Obesity and Related Diseases in African Refugees After Resettlement to United States. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 18:1386-1391. [PMID: 26392397 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-015-0278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite increases in obesity and related diseases in developing nations, initial refugee clinical visits do not address these issues. We explored the development of obesity and related diseases in a longitudinal prospective cohort of African refugees resettling in northeastern US. Using state Department of Health data, refugees were linked to a health system. Body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia status were extracted from charts. US regional controls from NAMCS/NHAMCS data were matched by age, sex, race, and visit year. African refugee BMI increased after resettlement at 1 (1.7 ± 2.9, p < 0.0001) and 5 years (3.1 ± 3.7, p < 0.0001), a different trend than matched regional controls (p = 0.01). Refugees had increased rates of diabetes (1.0 vs. 10.8 %, p < 0.0001), hypertension (16.7 vs. 21.6 %, p < 0.0001) and hyperlipidemia (3.9 vs. 10.8 %, p < 0.0001) at 5 years not observed in regional controls. Our findings emphasize the need for interventions during resettlement to prevent development of obesity and related disease in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne M Rhodes
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yuchiao Chang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanja Percac-Lima
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Renzaho AMN. Dissecting and customising the Childhood Obesity Prevention Advisory Council (COPAC): the development and application of a community engagement framework to improve childhood obesity prevention among migrant populations. Glob Health Action 2017; 10:1321822. [PMID: 28573912 PMCID: PMC5496055 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2017.1321822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Migrant communities in Australia bear a disproportionate childhood obesity burden. They also show poor engagement in obesity prevention initiatives which may contribute to widening obesity disparities. Community engagement has been shown to be effective in reducing health disparities by improving migrant communities’ participation in prevention programmes. Objective: This study aimed to develop a community engagement framework to improve childhood obesity prevention among migrants. Design: Based on the African Review Panel model and the Community-Based Participatory Research conceptual logic model, the Childhood Obesity Prevention Advisory Council (COPAC) framework was developed and established in four disadvantaged areas in Victoria, Australia. The COPAC included service providers and migrant community members from the same project’s site. Results: COPAC demonstrated several benefits including cross-organisational and multidisciplinary collaborations; understanding of the cultural barriers in childhood obesity prevention; enthusiasm from the COPAC members in addressing childhood obesity in their multicultural communities; equitable involvement, motivation, and empowerment of COPAC members in research development; and establishing organisational affiliations to foster long-term community involvement. This study also documented several challenges in community engagement including lack of prioritisation of migration-related childhood obesity disparities by the policymakers; staffing constraints among service providers leading to frequent disruptions in COPAC members’ contributions; and lack of adequate training and skill-building of bicultural workers. Conclusions: The COPAC model adopted a flexible and dynamic community engagement process to suit the ongoing needs of the migrant community which incorporated the existing talents and resources within the community. For effective community engagement of migrant communities, it is important for policymakers to develop the knowledge, capacity and skills of the bicultural migrant workforce. Integrating both service providers and migrant community members in the COPAC has demonstrated that a multifaceted community-led approach has the potential to reduce childhood obesity-related disparities in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M N Renzaho
- a Humanitarian and Development Studies, School of Social Sciences and Psychology , Western Sydney University , Penrith , NSW , Australia
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Renzaho AMN, Dhingra N, Georgeou N. Youth as contested sites of culture: The intergenerational acculturation gap amongst new migrant communities-Parental and young adult perspectives. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170700. [PMID: 28170406 PMCID: PMC5295684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immigration often results in changes in family dynamics, and within this process of dynamic relational adjustment youth can be conceptualised as contested sites of culture and associated intergenerational conflicts. This paper considers the experiences of migrant youth in Greater Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia using conflict as a useful lens through which to view issues of migrant youth identity and their sense of social connectedness, belonging, and agency. The aim of this study was twofold: 1) to explore how migrant youth cope with acculturative stress and intergenerational conflicts, and 2) to better understand the systemic and family-related factors that facilitate positive settlement experiences for migrant youth. METHODS A total of 14 focus group discussions, comprising 164 people, were carried out in Greater Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. These focus groups targeted newly arrived migrant parents and young adults (aged 18-24) of African, Burmese, Nepalese, Indian, Afghani, Bangladeshi and Iraqi backgrounds. Each focus group was 1.5 hours in duration and was conducted by a team of three people (an experienced facilitator, an accredited interpreter/bilingual worker, and a note taker). Data were collected using a standard interview schedule, and an accredited interpreter/bilingual worker asked the questions in the appropriate language and translated participant responses into English. RESULTS The findings highlight how youth in new migrant families become contested sites of culture as they try to balance integration into the new culture while maintaining their originating country's cultural values. Two themes and four subthemes emerged from the analysis: Intergenerational acculturation gap (loss of family capital and intergenerational conflicts); and factors that successfully protected positive family values while still allowing young people to integrate (the legal system that disarm authoritarian parenting practices and family rules; and parental use of children's increased knowledge of the new environment to navigate their new environment). Migrant families conceptualised family capital as the social solidarity, influence, and control governing obligations and expectations, intergenerational knowledge transmission and information flow, social norms, and cultural identity. The loss of family capital was characterised by children's refusal to associate with or meet family members, preferring to be alone in their rooms and private space. Migrant youth find themselves caught between and negotiating two cultures, with unwanted negative consequences at the family level in the form of intergenerational conflicts. The new found freedom among children and their rapid transition into the Australian society gives children an increased sense of agency, which in turn threatens parental authority, allowing children to exercise three forms of power: increased assertiveness due to legal protection of children against any corporal punishment; and English language fluency and greater understanding of the functioning of Australian social institutions. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest the need for an inter-generational approach to healthy family dynamics within migrant communities when dealing with youth negotiating the complexity and sensitivity of forging their cultural identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre M. N. Renzaho
- Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative, School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Nidhi Dhingra
- Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative, School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nichole Georgeou
- Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative, School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Socio-Demographic Determinants of Diet Quality in Australian Adults Using the Validated Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults (HEIFA-2013). Healthcare (Basel) 2017; 5:healthcare5010007. [PMID: 28165394 PMCID: PMC5371913 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare5010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet quality indices have been shown to predict cardiovascular disease, cancer, Type 2 Diabetes, obesity and all-cause mortality. This study aimed to determine the socio-demographics of Australian adults with poor diet quality. Diet quality was assessed for participants of the 2011-2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey aged 18 years or above (n = 9435), with the validated 11-component Healthy Eating Index for Australians (HEIFA-2013), based on the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines. Differences in scores by demographics (ANOVA) and regression models for associations between the HEIFA-2013 score and demographic characteristics were conducted. The mean (SD) HEIFA-2013 score was 45.5 (14.7) out of 100 due to poor intakes of vegetables, fruit, grains, dairy and fat and high intakes of added sugar, sodium and discretionary foods. Lower mean HEIFA-2013 scores (SD) were found for males 43.3 (14.7), young-adults 41.6 (14.2) obese 44.1 (14.3), smokers 40.0 (14.2), low socio-economic status 43.7 (14.9) and Australian country-of-birth 44.2 (14.6) (p < 0.05). The overall diet quality of the Australian population is poor and targeted interventions for young-adults, males, obese and those with lower socio-economic status are recommended.
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Ngoubene-Atioky AJ, Williamson-Taylor C. Culturally based health assumptions in Sub-Saharan African immigrants: Body mass index predicting self-reported health status. J Health Psychol 2016; 24:750-760. [PMID: 28810367 DOI: 10.1177/1359105316683241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether Sub-Saharan African adult immigrants maintained cultural preferences for curvier/higher body size post-migration to the United States. Linear and multiple regression analyses were utilized to discern the predicting effects of Sub-Saharan African immigrants' body mass index score on their self-reported health status at two post-migration data collection points. The initial assessment reveals that Sub-Saharan African immigrants' overweight body mass index score predicted better self-reported health status. Four to six years later, higher body mass index score predicted a better self-reported health status and lower dietary acculturation moderated the predicting effect of body mass index on self-reported health status. Limitations of the study and implications for research and practice are explored.
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Commodore-Mensah Y, Ukonu N, Obisesan O, Aboagye JK, Agyemang C, Reilly CM, Dunbar SB, Okosun IS. Length of Residence in the United States is Associated With a Higher Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Immigrants: A Contemporary Analysis of the National Health Interview Survey. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.004059. [PMID: 27815269 PMCID: PMC5210341 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors including hypertension, overweight/obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia are high among United States ethnic minorities, and the immigrant population continues to burgeon. METHODS AND RESULTS Hypothesizing that acculturation (length of residence) would be associated with a higher prevalence of CMR factors, the authors analyzed data on 54, 984 US immigrants in the 2010-2014 National Health Interview Surveys. The main predictor was length of residence. The outcomes were hypertension, overweight/obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. The authors used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between length of US residence and these CMR factors.The mean (SE) age of the patients was 43 (0.12) years and half were women. Participants residing in the United States for ≥10 years were more likely to have health insurance than those with <10 years of residence (70% versus 54%, P<0.001). After adjusting for region of birth, poverty income ratio, age, and sex, immigrants residing in the United States for ≥10 years were more likely to be overweight/obese (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% CI, 1.10-1.29), diabetic (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.17-1.73), and hypertensive (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05-1.32) than those residing in the United States for <10 years. CONCLUSIONS In an ethnically diverse sample of US immigrants, acculturation was associated with CMR factors. Culturally tailored public health strategies should be developed in US immigrant populations to reduce CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nwakaego Ukonu
- Counseling Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | | | | | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carolyn M Reilly
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff, School of Nursing Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sandra B Dunbar
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff, School of Nursing Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ike S Okosun
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
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Melius J, Cannonier C. Exploring U.S. Hispanic parents' length of time in the United States: Influences on obesity outcomes among U.S. Hispanic children. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2016; 55:826-842. [PMID: 27805497 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2016.1223259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The 2009 California Health Interview Survey was used to examine effects of Hispanic immigrant parents' length of stay (less or more than 10 years) in the United States on the overweight and obesity outcomes among their children (N = 956, aged 6-11). The socio-ecological model of health was used to conceptualize health risk behaviors and associations with overweight/obesity outcomes among children. Weight (using body mass index) among children was influenced by parents' length of stay, country of origin, income, and urban/rural residence. Future directions for social work professionals working with obese Hispanic children and their families are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janella Melius
- a Department of Human Services Studies , Winston Salem State University , Winston-Salem , North Carolina , USA
| | - Colin Cannonier
- b Jack C. Massey College of Business , Belmont University , Nashville , Tennessee , USA
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Mude W, Mwanri L. Barriers to Participation in Physical Activity Among South Sudanese Children in South Australia: Parents' Perspectives. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2016; 39:293-300. [PMID: 27536934 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is one of the determinants of childhood obesity. Although its facilitators are well documented for the general community, limited evidence exists informing newly arrived and emerging migrant communities in Australia. To explore parents' perspectives of barriers to participation in physical activity among South Sudanese children in South Australia. Qualitative, face-to-face interviews were conducted with parents. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically using NVivo software. Multiple and complex barriers to physical activity participation were described. Enabling and supportive programs are needed to improve physical activity participation and health outcomes of new migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mude
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health, and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (Dr Mude); and Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Dr Mwanri)
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Renzaho A, Polonsky M, Mellor D, Cyril S. Addressing migration-related social and health inequalities in Australia: call for research funding priorities to recognise the needs of migrant populations. AUST HEALTH REV 2016; 40:3-10. [PMID: 26164042 DOI: 10.1071/ah14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Migrants constitute 26% of the total Australian population and, although disproportionately affected by chronic diseases, they are under-represented in health research. The aim of the present study was to describe trends in Australian Research Council (ARC)- and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)-funded initiatives from 2002 to 2011 with a key focus on migration-related research funding. METHODS Data on all NHMRC- and ARC-funded initiatives between 2002 and 2011 were collected from the research funding statistics and national competitive grants program data systems, respectively. The research funding expenditures within these two schemes were categorised into two major groups: (1) people focused (migrant-related and mainstream-related); and (2) basic science focused. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data and report the trends in NHMRC and ARC funding over the 10-year period. RESULTS Over 10 years, the ARC funded 15 354 initiatives worth A$5.5 billion, with 897 (5.8%) people-focused projects funded, worth A$254.4 million. Migrant-related research constituted 7.8% of all people-focused research. The NHMRC funded 12399 initiatives worth A$5.6 billion, with 447 (3.6%) people-focused projects funded, worth A$207.2 million. Migrant-related research accounted for 6.2% of all people-focused initiatives. CONCLUSIONS Although migrant groups are disproportionately affected by social and health inequalities, the findings of the present study show that migrant-related research is inadequately funded compared with mainstream-related research. Unless equitable research funding is achieved, it will be impossible to build a strong evidence base for planning effective measures to reduce these inequalities among migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Renzaho
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Michael Polonsky
- Deakin Business School, Department of Marketing, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email
| | - David Mellor
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email
| | - Sheila Cyril
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 3 Burnet Building, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia. Email
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Cyril S, Halliday J, Green J, Renzaho AMN. Relationship between body mass index and family functioning, family communication, family type and parenting style among African migrant parents and children in Victoria, Australia: a parent-child dyad study. BMC Public Health 2016; 15:707. [PMID: 27487945 PMCID: PMC4973039 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3394-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although childhood obesity prevalence is stabilised in developed countries including Australia, it is continuing to rise among migrants and socially disadvantaged groups in these countries. African migrants and refugees in particular, are at high risk of obesity due to changes in their family dynamics. The aim of this study was to examine the difference between children and parental perception of family functioning, family communication, family type and parenting styles and their relationship with body mass index. Methods A cross-sectional parent-child dyad study was conducted among 284 African families from migrant and refugee backgrounds living in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. Bilingual workers were trained to collect demographic, anthropometric and questionnaire data on family functioning, parenting, family type and family communication. Results Parents and children reported different levels of family dynamics. Children reported a higher prevalence of poor family functioning (61.5 %, 95 % CI: 55.6, 67.2 versus 56.8 %, 95 % CI: 49.7, 61.6) and protective family type (29 %, 95 % CI: 23.9, 34.5 vs. 13.4 %, 95 % CI: 9.9, 17.9), but a lower prevalence of authoritative parenting style (51.6 %, 95 % CI: 45.7, 57.5 vs. 63 %, 95 % CI: 57.5, 68.8) than parents. There was a positive relationship between poor family functioning and child BMI both before (β = 1.28; 95 % CI: 0.14, 2.41; p < 0.05) and after (β = 1.73; 95 % CI: 0.53, 2.94; p < 0.001) controlling for confounders, and an inverse relationship between consensual family type and child BMI after adjustment (β = −1.92; 95 % CI: −3.59, −0.24; p < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between parental BMI and family functioning, communication, family type or parenting style. Conclusion Children’s perception of poor family functioning was associated with childhood obesity. Family interventions to reduce childhood obesity need to adopt an intergenerational approach to promote a clear understanding of family dynamics between children and parents. Unless these intergenerational challenges associated with family dynamics are clearly addressed in obesity interventions, current obesity prevention initiatives will continue to widen the childhood obesity gap in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cyril
- Centre for Cardiovascular Research and Education, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 5, Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Prahran, VIC, 3004, Australia.,School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith, 2751, NSW, Australia
| | - J Halliday
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - J Green
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne and Parenting Research Centre, 323 Victoria Pde, East Melbourne, 3002, VIC, Australia
| | - A M N Renzaho
- Humanitarian and Development Studies, School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, 2751, NSW, Australia.
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Cardona Cano S, Tiemeier H, Van Hoeken D, Tharner A, Jaddoe VWV, Hofman A, Verhulst FC, Hoek HW. Trajectories of picky eating during childhood: A general population study. Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:570-9. [PMID: 25644130 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cohort study describes the prevalence of picky eating and examines prognostic factors for picky eating trajectories during childhood. METHODS 4,018 participants of a population-based cohort with measurements from pregnancy onwards were included. Picky eating was assessed by maternal report when children were 1.5, 3, and 6 years old. The associations of child and family characteristics with trajectories of picky eating were examined using logistic regression. Never picky eaters were used as the reference group. RESULTS Prevalence of picky eating was 26.5% at 1.5 years of age, 27.6% at the age of 3 and declined to 13.2% at 6 years. Four main picky eating trajectories were defined: (1) never picky eating at all three assessments (55% of children), (2) remitting (0-4 years, 32%), (3) late-onset (6 years only, 4%), and (4) persistent (all ages, 4%). This implies that almost two thirds of the early picky eaters remitted within 3 years. Male sex, lower birth weight, non-Western maternal ethnicity, and low parental income predicted persistent picky eating. More often late-onset picky eaters were children of parents with low income and non-Western ethnicity. DISCUSSION We found that nearly half (46%) of children were picky eaters at some point during early childhood. Remittance was very high. This suggests that picky eating is usually a transient behavior and part of normal development in preschool children. However, a substantial group of persistent picky eaters, often from a socially disadvantaged background, continues to have problems beyond the preschool age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Cardona Cano
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne Tharner
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank C Verhulst
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans W Hoek
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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Dietary habits of Samoan adults in an urban Australian setting: a cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutr 2015; 19:788-95. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015001998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo describe key characteristics of the dietary habits of Samoans residing in Logan, Queensland and to compare these characteristics with comparable populations.DesignDietary intake was measured using a self-administered structured questionnaire between December 2012 and March 2013. Demographic characteristics included age and sex. Questionnaire results were compared with data from samples of Brisbane residents of similar social and economic characteristics and Pacific Islanders in New Zealand. The association between demographic characteristics and diet was investigated.SettingLogan, Queensland, Australia.SubjectsSamoans aged 16 years and older.ResultsA total of 207 Samoans participated, ninety-six (46 %) of whom were male. Of the participants, seventy-nine (38 %) were aged 16–29 years, sixty-three (30 %) were aged 30–49 years and sixty-five (31 %) were aged ≥50 years. Younger adults were significantly more likely to eat hamburgers, pizza, cakes, savoury pastries, potato crisps, sweets and soft drinks (all variablesP<0·001). Among Samoans, 44·7 % consumed two or more pieces of fruit daily, compared with 43·8 % of comparable Brisbane residents (relative risk=1·0; 95 % CI 0·8, 1·2). Three or more servings of vegetables each day were consumed by 9·2 % of Samoans compared with 36·6 % of comparable Brisbane residents (relative risk=3·8; 95 % CI 2·5, 6·0).ConclusionsSamoans are consuming significantly fewer vegetables and more discretionary foods than other populations. Socio-economic factors, length of stay in Australia and cultural practices may impact upon Samoans’ diets. Further comprehensive studies on Samoans’ dietary habits in Australia are recommended.
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Closing the gap in maternal and child health: a qualitative study examining health needs of migrant mothers in Dandenong, Victoria, Australia. Matern Child Health J 2015; 18:1391-402. [PMID: 24158505 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-013-1378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a qualitative study that explored the views and perceptions of migrant women in, Dandenong, Victoria, Australia about sociocultural barriers and health needs during pregnancy and in the postnatal period. The study was informed by the Social Identity Theory and the Acculturation Theory. It involved five focus group discussions with 35 migrant mothers from Afghanistan, Africa, China, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, Iran and Jordan. Five themes emerged from the analysis: (1) the need for family support and complex social environments; (2) dealing with two cultural identities; (3) the health of mother and offspring; (4) access to the health system; and (5) life-skills for better health. Pregnancy and motherhood are challenges that are made more difficult by migration. The findings point towards the need for policies and interventions: (1) to reduce the negative impact of social isolation and lack of support during pregnancy and postnatally; (2) to support greater fathers' involvement in childcare; and (3) to reconcile different practices and expectations between traditional cultures and Australian norms. They also suggest a need to test culturally competent interventions that address health and lifestyle needs in migrant women and education programs for mothers that effectively address their concerns about maternal and child health.
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The Healthy Migrant Families Initiative: development of a culturally competent obesity prevention intervention for African migrants. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:272. [PMID: 25881105 PMCID: PMC4372278 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1628-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although obesity among immigrants remains an important area of study given the increasing migrant population in Australia and other developed countries, research on factors amenable to intervention is sparse. The aim of the study was to develop a culturally-competent obesity prevention program for sub-Saharan African (SSA) families with children aged 12–17 years using a community-partnered participatory approach. Methods A community-partnered participatory approach that allowed the intervention to be developed in collaborative partnership with communities was used. Three pilot studies were carried out in 2008 and 2009 which included focus groups, interviews, and workshops with SSA parents, teenagers and health professionals, and emerging themes were used to inform the intervention content. A cultural competence framework containing 10 strategies was developed to inform the development of the program. Using findings from our scoping research, together with community consultations through the African Review Panel, a draft program outline (skeleton) was developed and presented in two separate community forums with SSA community members and health professionals working with SSA communities in Melbourne. Results The ‘Healthy Migrant Families Initiative (HMFI): Challenges and Choices’ program was developed and designed to assist African families in their transition to life in a new country. The program consists of nine sessions, each approximately 1 1/2 hours in length, which are divided into two modules based on the topic. The first module ‘Healthy lifestyles in a new culture’ (5 sessions) focuses on healthy eating, active living and healthy body weight. The second module ‘Healthy families in a new culture’ (4 sessions) focuses on parenting, communication and problem solving. The sessions are designed for a group setting (6–12 people per group), as many of the program activities are discussion-based, supported by session materials and program resources. Conclusion Strong partnerships and participation by SSA migrant communities enabled the design of a culturally competent and evidence-based intervention that addresses obesity prevention through a focus on healthy lifestyles and healthy families. Program implementation and evaluation will further inform obesity prevention interventions for ethnic minorities and disadvantaged communities.
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Issaka A, Lamaro G, Renzaho A. Sociocultural factors and perceptions associated with type 2 diabetes among sub-Saharan African migrants in Melbourne, Victoria. Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayuba Issaka
- School of Health and Social Development; Faculty of Health; Deakin University; Melbourne Victoria
- Hume City Council; Policy & Planning, Aged Services & Public Health Department; Melbourne Victoria
| | - Greer Lamaro
- School of Health and Social Development; Faculty of Health; Deakin University; Melbourne Victoria
- Centre for Health through Action on Social Exclusion (CHASE); Deakin University; Melbourne Victoria
| | - André Renzaho
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology; University of Western Sydney; Sydney New South Wales
- Migration, Social Disadvantage and Health Programs; Monash University
- Centre for International Health; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Victoria
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50
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Griffith M, Mellor D, Green J, Renzaho AM. Migration-related influences on obesity among sub-Saharan African migrant adolescents in Melbourne, Australia. Nutr Diet 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madelaine Griffith
- Centre for International Health; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - David Mellor
- School of Psychology; Faculty of Health; Melbourne Burwood Campus; Deakin University; Burwood Victoria Australia
| | - Julie Green
- Parenting Research Centre; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Andre M.N. Renzaho
- Migration, Social Disadvantage, and Health Programs; Global Health and Society Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Centre for International Health; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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