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Malpeli A, Fasano MV, Sala M, Obregón P, Casado C, Mendez I, Fotia L, Castrogiovanni D, Varea A, Disalvo L, Tournier A, Mazziota L, Rocha D, Kruger AL, Orellano L, Andreoli MF. Leptin receptor expression in blood mononuclear cells of lactating women is associated with infant body weight: Potential role as a molecular biomarker. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13072. [PMID: 37650320 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular biomarkers of maternal leptin resistance associated with infant weight are needed. OBJECTIVES To evaluate gene expression of leptin receptor (LEPR), suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) and insulin receptor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of lactating women and their relationship with infant body weight and adiposity. METHODS At day 10 postpartum, maternal gene expression in PBMCs as well as leptin and insulin concentrations in plasma and milk were assessed (n = 68). Infant weight and BMI z-scores, skinfolds and arm circumference were obtained at 10 days and/or at 3 months old. RESULTS In mothers with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (OW/OB), LEPR expression was reduced (p = 0.013) whereas plasma and milk leptin and milk insulin concentrations were elevated. LEPR expression was positively related with infant weight z-score (Beta (95% CI): 0.40 (0.17, 0.63), p = 0.001) but not with leptin concentrations. SOCS3 expression was positively related with infant weight z-score (Beta (95% CI): 0.28 (0.04, 0.51), p = 0.024) and arm circumference (Beta (95% CI): 0.57 (0.32, 0.82), p < 0.001). Relationships remained significant after adjusting for maternal and infant confounders. CONCLUSIONS LEPR and SOCS3 gene expression in PBMCs are novel maternal molecular biomarkers that reflect leptin resistance and are associated with infant body weight and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Malpeli
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Fasano
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
- Centro de Matemática de La Plata (CMaLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional La Plata (UNLP) - CIC-PBA, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marisa Sala
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Obregón
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carla Casado
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Mendez
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Lucrecia Fotia
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniel Castrogiovanni
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE), (UNLP - CIC-PBA - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana Varea
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Liliana Disalvo
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrea Tournier
- Laboratorio Central, HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Lucía Mazziota
- Laboratorio Central, HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniela Rocha
- Laboratorio Central, HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana Luz Kruger
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
- CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Laura Orellano
- Laboratorio Central, HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María F Andreoli
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), HIAEP "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
- CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
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Picó C, Lurbe E, Keijer J, Kopecky J, Landrier JF, Álvarez-Pitti J, Martin JC, Oliver P, Palou A, Palou M, Zouhar P, Ribot J, Rodríguez AM, Sánchez J, Serra F, Bonet ML. Study protocol: Identification and validation of integrative biomarkers of physical activity level and health in children and adolescents (INTEGRActiv). Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1250731. [PMID: 37772038 PMCID: PMC10522911 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1250731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) provides health benefits across the lifespan and improves many established cardiovascular risk factors that have a significant impact on overall mortality. However, discrepancies between self-reported and device-based measures of PA make it difficult to obtain consistent results regarding PA and its health effects. Moreover, PA may produce different health effects depending on the type, intensity, duration, and frequency of activities and individual factors such as age, sex, body weight, early life conditions/exposures, etc. Appropriate biomarkers relating the degree of PA level with its effects on health, especially in children and adolescents, are required and missing. The main objective of the INTEGRActiv study is to identify novel useful integrative biomarkers of PA and its effects on the body health in children and adolescents, who represent an important target population to address personalized interventions to improve future metabolic health. Methods/design The study is structured in two phases. First, biomarkers of PA and health will be identified at baseline in a core cohort of 180 volunteers, distributed into two age groups: prepubertal (n = 90), and postpubertal adolescents (n = 90). Each group will include three subgroups (n = 30) with subjects of normal weight, overweight, and obesity, respectively. Identification of new biomarkers will be achieved by combining physical measures (PA and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, anthropometry) and molecular measures (cardiovascular risk factors, endocrine markers, cytokines and circulating miRNA in plasma, gene expression profile in blood cells, and metabolomics profiling in plasma). In the second phase, an educational intervention and its follow-up will be carried out in a subgroup of these subjects (60 volunteers), as a first validation step of the identified biomarkers. Discussion The INTEGRActiv study is expected to provide the definition of PA and health-related biomarkers (PA-health biomarkers) in childhood and adolescence. It will allow us to relate biomarkers to factors such as age, sex, body weight, sleep behavior, dietary factors, and pubertal status and to identify how these factors quantitatively affect the biomarkers' responses. Taken together, the INTEGRActiv study approach is expected to help monitor the efficacy of interventions aimed to improve the quality of life of children/adolescents through physical activity. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT05907785.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Empar Lurbe
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics (Innovation in Paediatrics and Technologies-iPEDITEC- research group), Fundación de Investigación, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Julio Álvarez-Pitti
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics (Innovation in Paediatrics and Technologies-iPEDITEC- research group), Fundación de Investigación, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Paula Oliver
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Petr Zouhar
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joan Ribot
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Sánchez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Serra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Luisa Bonet
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
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Galmés S, Rupérez AI, Sánchez J, Moreno LA, Foraita R, Hebestreit A, Molnár D, Palou A, Picó C. KLB and NOX4 expression levels as potential blood-based transcriptional biomarkers of physical activity in children. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5563. [PMID: 37019912 PMCID: PMC10074339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31537-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insufficient physical activity (PA) in children is considered one of the major contributors to obesity and cardiometabolic complications later in life. Although regular exercise may contribute to disease prevention and health promotion, reliable early biomarkers are required to objectively discern people performing low PA from those who exercise enough. Here, we aimed to identify potential transcript-based biomarkers through the analysis of a whole-genome microarray in peripheral blood cells (PBC) from physically less active (n = 10) comparing with more active (n = 10) children. A set of genes differentially expressed (p < 0.01, Limma test) in less physically active children were identified, including the down-regulation of genes related to cardiometabolic benefits and improved skeletal function (KLB, NOX4, and SYPL2), and the up-regulation of genes whose elevated expression levels are associated with metabolic complications (IRX5, UBD, and MGP). The analysis of the enriched pathways significantly affected by PA levels were those associated with protein catabolism, skeletal morphogenesis, and wound healing, among others, which may suggest a differential impact of low PA on these processes. Microarray analysis comparing children according to their usual PA has revealed potential PBC transcript-based biomarkers that may be useful in early discerning children expending high sedentary time and its associated negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastià Galmés
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation - NuBE), University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Azahara I Rupérez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juana Sánchez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation - NuBE), University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ronja Foraita
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Medical School and National Laboratories of Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation - NuBE), University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation - NuBE), University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Valderrábano RJ, Badour S, Ferri-Guerra J, Barb D, Garg R. Body Fat Distribution in Lean Individuals with Metabolic Abnormalities. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:79-84. [PMID: 36448994 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI) >30 kilogram/m2 is associated with metabolic derangements, but lean individuals with BMI <25 kilogram/m2 may also have metabolic abnormalities. This study was conducted to evaluate fat distribution in metabolically unhealthy lean (MUL) individuals. Methods: Adults with BMI 18.5-24.9 kilogram/m2 had their body composition evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Metabolic data were obtained from their medical records. Patients with ≥2 components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) were considered MUL and those with ≤1 component metabolically healthy lean (MHL). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between metabolic abnormalities and anthropometric indexes. Results: The study includes 119 subjects; 69 in MHL and 50 in the MUL group. Two groups had comparable total body fat, fat mass index, and appendicular lean mass. Indices of visceral fat were associated with increased odds of being MUL (odds ratio with 95% confidence interval): visceral adipose tissue 1.75 (1.13-2.73), trunk-to-legs fat ratio 2.28 (1.30-4.00), trunk-to-limb fat ratio 2.43 (1.37-4.32), android-to-gynoid fat ratio 1.80 (1.07-3.03), and visceral-to-total fat percentage 1.80 (1.07-3.05). Conclusion: Metabolically unhealthy subjects had increased truncal distribution of body fat without an increase in total body fat. Body morphometry in MUL was similar to that of obese individuals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo J Valderrábano
- Section in Men's Health and Aging, Clinical Research Unit, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanaa Badour
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Juliana Ferri-Guerra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Diana Barb
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Rajesh Garg
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Increased mRNA Levels of ADAM17, IFITM3, and IFNE in Peripheral Blood Cells Are Present in Patients with Obesity and May Predict Severe COVID-19 Evolution. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082007. [PMID: 36009555 PMCID: PMC9406212 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression patterns in blood cells from SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with different clinical phenotypes and body mass index (BMI) could help to identify possible early prognosis factors for COVID-19. We recruited patients with COVID-19 admitted in Hospital Universitari Son Espases (HUSE) between March 2020 and November 2021, and control subjects. Peripheral blood cells (PBCs) and plasma samples were obtained on hospital admission. Gene expression of candidate transcriptomic biomarkers in PBCs were compared based on the patients’ clinical status (mild, severe and critical) and BMI range (normal weight, overweight, and obesity). mRNA levels of ADAM17, IFITM3, IL6, CXCL10, CXCL11, IFNG and TYK2 were increased in PBCs of COVID-19 patients (n = 73) compared with controls (n = 47), independently of sex. Increased expression of IFNE was observed in the male patients only. PBC mRNA levels of ADAM17, IFITM3, CXCL11, and CCR2 were higher in those patients that experienced a more serious evolution during hospitalization. ADAM17, IFITM3, IL6 and IFNE were more highly expressed in PBCs of patients with obesity. Interestingly, the expression pattern of ADAM17, IFITM3 and IFNE in PBCs was related to both the severity of COVID-19 evolution and obesity status, especially in the male patients. In conclusion, gene expression in PBCs can be useful for the prognosis of COVID-19 evolution.
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Zingale VD, D’Angiolini S, Chiricosta L, Calcaterra V, Selvaggio GGO, Zuccotti G, Destro F, Pelizzo G, Mazzon E. Does Childhood Obesity Trigger Neuroinflammation? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081953. [PMID: 36009499 PMCID: PMC9405861 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is constantly increasing around the world, and it has become a major public health issue. Considerable evidence indicates that overweight and obesity are important risk factors for the development of comorbidities such as cognitive decline, neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. It is known that during obesity, adipose tissue undergoes immune, metabolic and functional changes which could induce a neuroinflammatory response of the central nervous system (CNS). In this context, to inspect if obesity can start to trigger the neuroinflammation from a pediatric age, we surgically collected and analyzed adipose tissue from the periumbilical area of three obese children (AT-OB) and two normal-weight children (AT-Ctrl). We considered the transcriptomic profile of our samples to detect alterations in different biological processes that might be also involved in the inflammatory and neuroinflammatory response. Our results show alterations of lipid and fatty acids metabolism in AT-OB compared to the AT-Ctrl. We also observed an onset of inflammatory response in AT-OB. Interestingly, among the genes involved in neuroinflammation, GRN and SMO were upregulated, while IFNGR1 and SNCA were downregulated. Our study highlights that obesity may trigger inflammation and neuroinflammation from a pediatric age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Domenica Zingale
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Simone D’Angiolini
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Destro
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Pelizzo
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Janssen JJE, Lagerwaard B, Porbahaie M, Nieuwenhuizen AG, Savelkoul HFJ, van Neerven RJJ, Keijer J, de Boer VCJ. Extracellular flux analyses reveal differences in mitochondrial PBMC metabolism between high-fit and low-fit females. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E141-E153. [PMID: 35001658 PMCID: PMC8897018 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00365.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing metabolism of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can possibly serve as a cellular metabolic read-out for lifestyle factors and lifestyle interventions. However, the impact of PBMC composition on PBMC metabolism is not yet clear, neither is the differential impact of a longer-term lifestyle factor versus a short-term lifestyle intervention. We investigated the effect of aerobic fitness level and a recent exercise bout on PBMC metabolism in females. PBMCs from 31 young female adults divided into a high-fit (V̇o2peak ≥ 47 mL/kg/min, n = 15) and low-fit (V̇o2peak ≤ 37 mL/kg/min, n = 16) groups were isolated at baseline and overnight after a single bout of exercise (60 min, 70% V̇o2peak). Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and glycolytic rate (GR) were measured using extracellular flux (XF) assays and PBMC subsets were characterized using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Basal OCR, FCCP-induced OCR, spare respiratory capacity, ATP-linked OCR, and proton leak were significantly higher in high-fit than in low-fit females (all P < 0.01), whereas no significant differences in glycolytic rate (GR) were found (all P > 0.05). A recent exercise bout did not significantly affect GR or OCR parameters (all P > 0.05). The overall PBMC composition was similar between high-fit and low-fit females. Mitochondrial PBMC function was significantly higher in PBMCs from high-fit than from low-fit females, which was unrelated to PBMC composition and not impacted by a recent bout of exercise. Our study reveals a link between PBMC metabolism and levels of aerobic fitness, increasing the relevance of PBMC metabolism as a marker to study the impact of lifestyle factors on human health.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mitochondrial metabolism was significantly higher in PBMCs from high-fit than from low-fit females. This was unrelated to PBMC composition and not impacted by a recent bout of exercise. Our study reveals a link between PBMC metabolism and levels of aerobic fitness, increasing the relevance of PBMC metabolism as a marker to study the impact of lifestyle factors on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle J E Janssen
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Lagerwaard
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mojtaba Porbahaie
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arie G Nieuwenhuizen
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Huub F J Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - R J Joost van Neerven
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent C J de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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8
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Gawlik A, Salonen A, Jian C, Yanover C, Antosz A, Shmoish M, Wasniewska M, Bereket A, Wudy SA, Hartmann MF, Thivel D, Matusik P, Weghuber D, Hochberg Z. Personalized approach to childhood obesity: Lessons from gut microbiota and omics studies. Narrative review and insights from the 29th European childhood obesity congress. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12835. [PMID: 34296826 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The traditional approach to childhood obesity prevention and treatment should fit most patients, but misdiagnosis and treatment failure could be observed in some cases that lie away from average as part of individual variation or misclassification. Here, we reflect on the contributions that high-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and microbiome analysis make towards a personalized medicine approach to childhood obesity. We hypothesize that diagnosing a child as someone with obesity captures only part of the phenotype; and that metabolomics, genomics, transcriptomics and analyses of the gut microbiome, could add precision to the term "obese," providing novel corresponding biomarkers. Identifying a cluster -omic signature in a given child can thus facilitate the development of personalized prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches. It can also be applied to the monitoring of symptoms/signs evolution, treatment choices and efficacy, predisposition to drug-related side effects and potential relapse. This article is a narrative review of the literature and summary of the main observations, conclusions and perspectives raised during the annual meeting of the European Childhood Obesity Group. Authors discuss some recent advances and future perspectives on utilizing a systems approach to understanding and managing childhood obesity in the context of the existing omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Gawlik
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ching Jian
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Chen Yanover
- Healthcare Informatics, IBM Research-Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Aleksandra Antosz
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michael Shmoish
- Bioinformatics Knowledge Unit, The Lokey Centre, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Malgorzata Wasniewska
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Abdullah Bereket
- School of Medicine, Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Steroid Research & Mass Spectrometry Unit, Laboratory for Translational Hormone Analytics, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michaela F Hartmann
- Steroid Research & Mass Spectrometry Unit, Laboratory for Translational Hormone Analytics, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - David Thivel
- University Clermont Auvergne, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pawel Matusik
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Paediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ze'ev Hochberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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9
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Park M, Kim KH, Jaiswal V, Choi J, Chun JL, Seo KM, Lee MJ, Lee HJ. Effect of black ginseng and silkworm supplementation on obesity, the transcriptome, and the gut microbiome of diet-induced overweight dogs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16334. [PMID: 34381138 PMCID: PMC8358025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95789-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Like humans, weight control in overweight dogs is associated with a longer life expectancy and a healthier life. Dietary supplements are one of the best strategies for controlling obesity and obesity-associated diseases. This study was conducted to assess the potential of black ginseng (BG) and silkworm (SW) as supplements for weight control in diet-induced overweight beagle dogs. To investigate the changes that occur in dogs administered the supplements, different obesity-related parameters, such as body condition score (BCS), blood fatty acid profile, transcriptome, and microbiome, were assessed in high energy diet (HD) and HD with BG + SW supplementation (HDT) groups of test animals. After 12 weeks of BG + SW supplementation, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were reduced in the HDT group. In the transcriptome analysis, nine genes (NUGGC, EFR3B, RTP4, ACAN, HOXC4, IL17RB, SOX13, SLC18A2, and SOX4) that are known to be associated with obesity were found to be differentially expressed between the ND (normal diet) and HD groups as well as the HD and HDT groups. Significant changes in some taxa were observed between the HD and ND groups. These data suggest that the BG + SW supplement could be developed as dietary interventions against diet-induced obesity, and obesity-related differential genes could be important candidates in the mechanism of the anti-obesity effects of the BG + SW supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miey Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Korea
| | - Varun Jaiswal
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jihee Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ju Lan Chun
- Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Korea
| | - Kang Min Seo
- Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Lee
- Clinical Nutritional Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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10
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Banerjee S, Simonetti FL, Detrois KE, Kaphle A, Mitra R, Nagial R, Söding J. Tejaas: reverse regression increases power for detecting trans-eQTLs. Genome Biol 2021; 22:142. [PMID: 33957961 PMCID: PMC8101255 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans-acting expression quantitative trait loci (trans-eQTLs) account for ≥70% expression heritability and could therefore facilitate uncovering mechanisms underlying the origination of complex diseases. Identifying trans-eQTLs is challenging because of small effect sizes, tissue specificity, and a severe multiple-testing burden. Tejaas predicts trans-eQTLs by performing L2-regularized “reverse” multiple regression of each SNP on all genes, aggregating evidence from many small trans-effects while being unaffected by the strong expression correlations. Combined with a novel unsupervised k-nearest neighbor method to remove confounders, Tejaas predicts 18851 unique trans-eQTLs across 49 tissues from GTEx. They are enriched in open chromatin, enhancers, and other regulatory regions. Many overlap with disease-associated SNPs, pointing to tissue-specific transcriptional regulation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Banerjee
- Quantitative and Computational Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, 37077, Germany.
| | - Franco L Simonetti
- Quantitative and Computational Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Kira E Detrois
- Quantitative and Computational Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, 37077, Germany.,Georg-August University, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Anubhav Kaphle
- Quantitative and Computational Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, 37077, Germany.,Georg-August University, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | | | | | - Johannes Söding
- Quantitative and Computational Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, 37077, Germany. .,Campus-Institut Data Science (CIDAS), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37073, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37075, Germany.
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11
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Plaza-Florido A, Altmäe S, Esteban FJ, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Aguilera CM, Einarsdottir E, Katayama S, Krjutškov K, Kere J, Zaldivar F, Radom-Aizik S, Ortega FB. Distinct whole-blood transcriptome profile of children with metabolic healthy overweight/obesity compared to metabolic unhealthy overweight/obesity. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:1687-1694. [PMID: 33230195 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth populations with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit heterogeneity in cardiometabolic health phenotypes. The underlying mechanisms for those differences are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the whole-blood transcriptome profile (RNA-seq) of children with metabolic healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) and metabolic unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotypes. METHODS Twenty-seven children with OW/OB (10.1 ± 1.3 years, 59% boys) from the ActiveBrains project were included. MHO was defined as having none of the following criteria for metabolic syndrome: elevated fasting glucose, high serum triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and high systolic or diastolic blood pressure, while MUO was defined as presenting one or more of these criteria. Inflammatory markers were additionally determined. Total blood RNA was analyzed by 5'-end RNA-sequencing. RESULTS Whole-blood transcriptome analysis revealed a distinct pattern of gene expression in children with MHO compared to MUO children. Thirty-two genes differentially expressed were linked to metabolism, mitochondrial, and immune functions. CONCLUSIONS The identified gene expression patterns related to metabolism, mitochondrial, and immune functions contribute to a better understanding of why a subset of the population remains metabolically healthy despite having overweight/obesity. IMPACT A distinct pattern of whole-blood transcriptome profile (RNA-seq) was identified in children with metabolic healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) compared to metabolic unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotype. The most relevant genes in understanding the molecular basis underlying the MHO/MUO phenotypes in children could be: RREB1, FAM83E, SLC44A1, NRG1, TMC5, CYP3A5, TRIM11, and ADAMTSL2. The identified whole-blood transcriptome profile related to metabolism, mitochondrial, and immune functions contribute to a better understanding of why a subset of the population remains metabolically healthy despite having overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Plaza-Florido
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain.
| | - Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Esteban
- Systems Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain.,Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21, Solna, Sweden
| | - Shintaro Katayama
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kaarel Krjutškov
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Juha Kere
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Frank Zaldivar
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, UC Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, UC Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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12
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Szostaczuk N, van Schothorst EM, Sánchez J, Priego T, Palou M, Bekkenkamp-Grovenstein M, Faustmann G, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Tiran B, Roob JM, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Keijer J, Palou A, Picó C. Identification of blood cell transcriptome-based biomarkers in adulthood predictive of increased risk to develop metabolic disorders using early life intervention rat models. FASEB J 2020; 34:9003-9017. [PMID: 32474969 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000071rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction during gestation in rats has long-lasting adverse effects in the offspring. It induces metabolic syndrome-related alterations, which are partially reversed by leptin supplementation during lactation. We employed these conditions to identify transcript-based nutrient sensitive biomarkers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) predictive of later adverse metabolic health. The best candidate was validated in humans. Transcriptome analysis of PBMCs from adult male Wistar rats of three experimental groups was performed: offspring of control dams (CON), and offspring of 20% calorie-restricted dams during gestation without (CR) and with leptin supplementation throughout lactation (CR-LEP). The expression of 401 genes was affected by gestational calorie restriction and reversed by leptin. The changes preceded metabolic syndrome-related phenotypic alterations. Of these genes, Npc1 mRNA levels were lower in CR vs CON, and normalized to CON in CR-LEP. In humans, NPC1 mRNA levels in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) were decreased in subjects with mildly impaired metabolic health compared to healthy subjects. Therefore, a set of potential transcript-based biomarkers indicative of a predisposition to metabolic syndrome-related alterations were identified, including NPC1, which was validated in humans. Low NPC1 transcript levels in PBCs are a candidate biomarker of increased risk for impaired metabolic health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Szostaczuk
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Juana Sánchez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Teresa Priego
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mariona Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Gernot Faustmann
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Beate Tiran
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes M Roob
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte M Winklhofer-Roob
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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13
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Ballester M, Quintanilla R, Ortega FJ, Serrano JCE, Cassanyé A, Rodríguez-Palmero M, Moreno-Muñoz JA, Portero-Otin M, Tibau J. Dietary intake of bioactive ingredients impacts liver and adipose tissue transcriptomes in a porcine model of prepubertal early obesity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5375. [PMID: 32214182 PMCID: PMC7096439 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Global prevalence of obesity has increased to epidemic proportions over the past 40 years, with childhood obesity reaching alarming rates. In this study, we determined changes in liver and adipose tissue transcriptomes of a porcine model for prepubertal early obesity induced by a high-calorie diet and supplemented with bioactive ingredients. A total of 43 nine-weeks-old animals distributed in four pens were fed with four different dietary treatments for 10 weeks: a conventional diet; a western-type diet; and a western-type diet with Bifidobacterium breve and rice hydrolysate, either adding or not omega-3 fatty acids. Animals fed a western-type diet increased body weight and total fat content and exhibited elevated serum concentrations of cholesterol, whereas animals supplemented with bioactive ingredients showed lower body weight gain and tended to accumulate less fat. An RNA-seq experiment was performed with a total of 20 animals (five per group). Differential expression analyses revealed an increase in lipogenesis, cholesterogenesis and inflammatory processes in animals on the western-type diet while the supplementation with bioactive ingredients induced fatty acid oxidation and cholesterol catabolism, and decreased adipogenesis and inflammation. These results reveal molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of bioactive ingredient supplementation in an obese pig model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ballester
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Programme, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140, Caldes de Montbui, Spain.
| | - Raquel Quintanilla
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Programme, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140, Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - Francisco J Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (UDEN), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - José C E Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, 25196, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Cassanyé
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, 25196, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, 25196, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Tibau
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Programme, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Finca Camps i Armet, 17121, Monells, Spain
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14
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Palou M, Picó C, Palou A. Leptin as a breast milk component for the prevention of obesity. Nutr Rev 2019; 76:875-892. [PMID: 30285146 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin ingested as a component of breast milk is increasingly recognized to play a role in the postnatal programming of a healthy phenotype in adulthood. Besides its primary function in controlling body weight, leptin may be an essential nutrient required during lactation to ensure that the system controlling fat accumulation and body composition is well organized from the early stages of development. This review delves into the following topics: (1) the imprinted protective function of adequate leptin intake during lactation in future metabolic health; (2) the consequences of a lack of leptin intake or of alterations in leptin levels; and (3) the mechanisms described for the effects of leptin on postnatal programming. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of breastfeeding and the need to establish optimal or reference intake values for leptin during lactation to design patterns of personalized nutrition from early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Palou
- Alimentómica SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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15
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Gene Expression and Cardiometabolic Phenotypes of Vitamin D-Deficient Overweight and Obese Black Children. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092016. [PMID: 31466225 PMCID: PMC6770908 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Associations between whole blood transcriptome and clinical phenotypes in vitamin D-deficient overweight and obese children can provide insight into the biological effects of vitamin D and obesity. We determined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in relation to body mass index (BMI) in vitamin D-deficient black children with a BMI ≥ 85th percentile and ascertained the cardiometabolic phenotypes associated with the DEGs. We examined whole-blood transcriptome gene expression by RNA sequencing and cardiometabolic profiling in 41, 10- to 18-year-old children. We found 296 DEGs in association with BMI after adjusting for age, race, sex, and pubertal status. Cardiometabolic phenotypes associated with the BMI-related DEGs, after adjusting for age, sex, pubertal status, and %total body fat, were (i) flow-mediated dilation (marker of endothelial function), (ii) c-reactive protein (marker of inflammation), and (iii) leptin (adipocytokine). Canonical pathways of relevance for childhood obesity and its phenotypes that were significantly associated with the BMI-related DEGs affected immune cell function/inflammation, vascular health, metabolic function, and cell survival/death; several immune and inflammatory pathways overlapped across the three phenotypes. We have identified transcriptome-based biomarkers associated with BMI in vitamin D-deficient, overweight and obese black children. Modulating effects of vitamin D supplementation on these biomarkers and their related phenotypes need further exploration.
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16
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Picó C, Serra F, Rodríguez AM, Keijer J, Palou A. Biomarkers of Nutrition and Health: New Tools for New Approaches. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1092. [PMID: 31100942 PMCID: PMC6567133 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A main challenge in nutritional studies is the valid and reliable assessment of food intake, as well as its effects on the body. Generally, food intake measurement is based on self-reported dietary intake questionnaires, which have inherent limitations. They can be overcome by the use of biomarkers, capable of objectively assessing food consumption without the bias of self-reported dietary assessment. Another major goal is to determine the biological effects of foods and their impact on health. Systems analysis of dynamic responses may help to identify biomarkers indicative of intake and effects on the body at the same time, possibly in relation to individuals' health/disease states. Such biomarkers could be used to quantify intake and validate intake questionnaires, analyse physiological or pathological responses to certain food components or diets, identify persons with specific dietary deficiency, provide information on inter-individual variations or help to formulate personalized dietary recommendations to achieve optimal health for particular phenotypes, currently referred as "precision nutrition." In this regard, holistic approaches using global analysis methods (omics approaches), capable of gathering high amounts of data, appear to be very useful to identify new biomarkers and to enhance our understanding of the role of food in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, ES-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Francisca Serra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, ES-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Ana María Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, ES-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Group of Nutrigenomics and Obesity), CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, ES-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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17
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Alvarez-Pitti J, Ros-Forés MA, Bayo-Pérez A, Palou M, Lurbe E, Palou A, Picó C. Blood cell transcript levels in 5-year-old children as potential markers of breastfeeding effects in those small for gestational age at birth. J Transl Med 2019; 17:145. [PMID: 31064394 PMCID: PMC6505189 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1896-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition of the newborn during the early postnatal period seems to be of capital importance and there is clinical evidence showing the protective effect of breastfeeding compared with formula feeding on childhood obesity and its comorbidities. Infants born small for gestation age may be more sensitive to the type of feeding during lactation. Here, we aimed to analyze the impact of birth weight and the type of infant feeding on the expression levels in peripheral blood cells of selected candidate genes involved in energy homeostasis in 5-year-old children, to find out potential early biomarkers of metabolic programming effects during this period of metabolic plasticity. METHODS Forty subjects were recruited at birth and divided in four groups according to birth weight (adequate or small for gestational age) and type of infant feeding (breastfeeding or formula feeding). They were followed from birth to the age of 5 years. RESULTS At 5 years, no significant differences regarding anthropometric parameters were found between groups, and all children had normal biochemical values. Expression levels of UCP2 and MC4R in peripheral blood cells were lower and higher, respectively, in formula feeding children compared with breastfeeding ones (P = 0.002 and P = 0.064, two-way ANOVA). Differences were more marked and significant by Student's t test in small for gestation age children (P < 0.001 and P = 0.017, respectively). Transcript levels of FASN and FTO in peripheral blood cells were also different according to the type of infant feeding, but only in small for gestation age children. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results suggest that small for gestation age infants are more sensitive to the type of feeding during lactation, and transcript levels of particular genes in peripheral blood cells, especially the MC4R/UCP2 mRNA ratio, may precisely reflect these effects in the absence of clear differences in phenotypic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Alvarez-Pitti
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico. University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Amparo Ros-Forés
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Bayo-Pérez
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariona Palou
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Empar Lurbe
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico. University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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18
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Reynés B, Priego T, Cifre M, Oliver P, Palou A. Peripheral Blood Cells, a Transcriptomic Tool in Nutrigenomic and Obesity Studies: Current State of the Art. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1006-1020. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bàrbara Reynés
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
- Inst. d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa); Palma Spain
| | - Teresa Priego
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Univ. Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Margalida Cifre
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
| | - Paula Oliver
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
- Inst. d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa); Palma Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
- Inst. d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa); Palma Spain
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