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Lou S, Jiang ZL, Zhu YW, Zhang RY, Wang Y, Chu T, Liu YF, Zhang YX, Zhang CH, Su YK, Liu HX, Ji XY, Wu DD. Exploring the impact of hydrogen sulfide on hematologic malignancies: A review. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111236. [PMID: 38810860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the three most crucial gaseous messengers in the body. The discovery of H2S donors, coupled with its endogenous synthesis capability, has sparked hope for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. In the last decade, the investigation into the impact of H2S has expanded, particularly within the fields of cardiovascular function, inflammation, infection, and neuromodulation. Hematologic malignancies refer to a diverse group of cancers originating from abnormal proliferation and differentiation of blood-forming cells, including leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. In this review, we delve deeply into the complex interrelation between H2S and hematologic malignancies. In addition, we comprehensively elucidate the intricate molecular mechanisms by which both H2S and its donors intricately modulate the progression of tumor growth. Furthermore, we systematically examine their impact on pivotal aspects, encompassing the proliferation, invasion, and migration capacities of hematologic malignancies. Therefore, this review may contribute novel insights to our understanding of the prospective therapeutic significance of H2S and its donors within the realm of hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Lou
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Jiang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yi-Wen Zhu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Rui-Yu Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ti Chu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ya-Fang Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Chuan-Hao Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yi-Kun Su
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Hong-Xia Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450064, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Department of Stomatology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China.
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Pilsova A, Pilsova Z, Klusackova B, Zelenkova N, Chmelikova E, Postlerova P, Sedmikova M. Hydrogen sulfide and its role in female reproduction. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1378435. [PMID: 38933705 PMCID: PMC11202402 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1378435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule produced in the body by three enzymes: cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). H2S is crucial in various physiological processes associated with female mammalian reproduction. These include estrus cycle, oocyte maturation, oocyte aging, ovulation, embryo transport and early embryo development, the development of the placenta and fetal membranes, pregnancy, and the initiation of labor. Despite the confirmed presence of H2S-producing enzymes in all female reproductive tissues, as described in this review, the exact mechanisms of H2S action in these tissues remain in most cases unclear. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the knowledge about the presence and effects of H2S in these tissues and outline possible signaling pathways that mediate these effects. Understanding these pathways may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies in the field of women's health and perinatal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Pilsova
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
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Zhu YX, Yang Q, Zhang YP, Liu ZG. FGF2 Functions in H 2S's Attenuating Effect on Brain Injury Induced by Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest in Rats. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00952-3. [PMID: 37919618 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) can protect the brain during cardiac and aortic surgery by cooling the body, but meanwhile, temporary or permanent brain injury may arise. H2S protects neurons and the central nervous system, especially from secondary neuronal injury. We aim to unveil part of the mechanism of H2S's attenuating effect on brain injury induced by DHCA by exploring crucial target genes, and further promote the clinical application of H2S in DHCA. Nine SD rats were utilized to provide histological and microarray samples, and further the differential expression analysis. Then we conducted GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses on candidate genes. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were performed by STRING and GeneMANIA. Crucial target genes' expression was validated by qRT-PCR and western blot. Histological study proved DHCA's damaging effect and H2S's repairing effect on brain. Next, we got 477 candidate genes by analyzing differentially expressed genes. The candidate genes were enriched in 303 GO terms and 28 KEGG pathways. Then nine genes were selected as crucial target genes. The function prediction by GeneMANIA suggested their close relation to immunity. FGF2 was identified as the crucial gene. FGF2 plays a vital role in the pathway when H2S attenuates brain injury after DHCA. Our research provides more information for understanding the mechanism of H2S attenuating brain injury after DHCA. We infer the process might probably be closely associated with immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 61 No. 3 Ave, Binhai District, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- Center for Basic Medical Research, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Binhai District, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 61 No. 3 Ave, Binhai District, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 61 No. 3 Ave, Binhai District, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China.
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. The Triple Crown: NO, CO, and H 2S in cancer cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108502. [PMID: 37517510 PMCID: PMC10529678 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are three endogenously produced gases with important functions in the vasculature, immune defense, and inflammation. It is increasingly apparent that, far from working in isolation, these three exert many effects by modulating each other's activity. Each gas is produced by three enzymes, which have some tissue specificities and can also be non-enzymatically produced by redox reactions of various substrates. Both NO and CO share similar properties, such as activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. At the same time, H2S both inhibits phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), an enzyme that metabolizes sGC and exerts redox regulation on sGC. The role of NO, CO, and H2S in the setting of cancer has been quite perplexing, as there is evidence for both tumor-promoting and pro-inflammatory effects and anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Each gasotransmitter has been found to have dual effects on different aspects of cancer biology, including cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. These seemingly contradictory actions may relate to each gas having a dual effect dependent on its local flux. In this review, we discuss the major roles of NO, CO, and H2S in the context of cancer, with an effort to highlight the dual nature of each gas in different events occurring during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York 10091, USA.
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Rong F, Wang T, Zhou Q, Peng H, Yang J, Fan Q, Li P. Intelligent polymeric hydrogen sulfide delivery systems for therapeutic applications. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:198-216. [PMID: 35510171 PMCID: PMC9034248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in regulating various pathological processes such as protecting mammalian cell from harmful injuries, promoting tissue regeneration, and regulating the process of various diseases caused by physiological disorders. Studies have revealed that the physiological effects of H2S are highly associated with its concentrations. At relatively low concentration, H2S shows beneficial functions. However, long-time and high-dose donation of H2S would inhibit regular biological process, resulting in cell dysfunction and apoptosis. To regulate the dosage of H2S delivery for precision medicine, H2S delivery systems with intelligent characteristics were developed and a variety of biocompatibility polymers have been utilized to establish intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems, with the abilities to specifically target the lesions, smartly respond to pathological microenvironments, as well as real-timely monitor H2S delivery and lesion conditions by incorporating imaging-capable moieties. In this review, we focus on the design, preparation, and therapeutic applications of intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems in cardiovascular therapy, inflammatory therapy, tissue regenerative therapy, cancer therapy and bacteria-associated therapy. Strategies for precise H2S therapies especially imaging-guided H2S theranostics are highlighted. Since H2S donors with stimuli-responsive characters are vital components for establishing intelligent H2S delivery systems, the development of H2S donors is also briefly introduced. H2S is an endogenous gasotransmitter that plays important role in regulating various physiological and pathological pathways. Controlled H2S delivery is vital since the therapeutic effects of H2S are highly associated with its concentrations. Intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems possess specific targeting, stimuli responsive and imaging guided capabilities, representing a strategic option for next generation of therapies.
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Sameri MJ, Savari F, Hoseinynejad K, Danyaei A, Mard SA. The hepato-protective effect of H2S-modified and non-modified mesenchymal stem cell exosomes on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice: The role of MALAT1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 635:194-202. [PMID: 36279681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) by causing histopathological changes is considered one of the most important causes of liver failure and dysfunction after surgery which affect graft outcomes. Stem cells are new promising approaches to treating different diseases. One of the critical strategies to improve their function is the preconditioning of their culture medium. This study compared the effect of NaHS-modified and non-modified mesenchymal stem cell exosomes on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. METHODS Human umbilical cord-derived MSC (MSC) cultured in a 75 cm3 flask and when confluency reached about 80%, the culture medium replaced with a serum-free medium, and 48 h later supernatants collected, concentrated, and then MSC-Exo extracted. To obtain H2S-Exo, MSC was treated with NaHS (1 μmol),the supernatant collected after 48 h, concentrated and exosomes extracted. Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6) including: 1-ischemia, 2-sham-operated, 3- MSC-Exo, and 4- H2S-Exo. To induce ischemia, the hepatic artery and portal vein clamped using an atraumatic clip for 60 min followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Just upon ending the time of ischemia (removal of clamp artery), animals in MSC-Exo, and H2S-Exo groups received 100 μg exosomes in 100 μl PBS via tail vein. At the end of reperfusion, blood, and liver samples were collected for further serological, molecular, and histological analyses. RESULTS Administration of both MSC-Exo and H2S-Exo improved liver function by reducing inflammatory cytokines, cellular apoptosis, liver levels of total oxidant status, and liver aminotransferases. The results showed that protecting effect of MSC exosomes enhanced following NaHS preconditioning of cell culture medium. CONCLUSION MSC-Exo and H2S-Exo had hepato-protective effects against injuries induced by ischemia-reperfusion in mice. NaHS preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells could enhance the therapeutic effects of MSC-derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam J Sameri
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Feryal Savari
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Khojasteh Hoseinynejad
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Danyaei
- Department of Medical Physics, The School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mard
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Cirino G, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues and organs. Physiol Rev 2022; 103:31-276. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
H2S belongs to the class of molecules known as gasotransmitters, which also includes nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Three enzymes are recognized as endogenous sources of H2S in various cells and tissues: cystathionine g-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). The current article reviews the regulation of these enzymes as well as the pathways of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation and elimination. The multiple interactions of H2S with other labile endogenous molecules (e.g. NO) and reactive oxygen species are also outlined. The various biological targets and signaling pathways are discussed, with special reference to H2S and oxidative posttranscriptional modification of proteins, the effect of H2S on channels and intracellular second messenger pathways, the regulation of gene transcription and translation and the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. The pharmacological and molecular tools currently available to study H2S physiology are also reviewed, including their utility and limitations. In subsequent sections, the role of H2S in the regulation of various physiological and cellular functions is reviewed. The physiological role of H2S in various cell types and organ systems are overviewed. Finally, the role of H2S in the regulation of various organ functions is discussed as well as the characteristic bell-shaped biphasic effects of H2S. In addition, key pathophysiological aspects, debated areas, and future research and translational areas are identified A wide array of significant roles of H2S in the physiological regulation of all organ functions emerges from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece & Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
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Pozzi G, Gobbi G, Masselli E, Carubbi C, Presta V, Ambrosini L, Vitale M, Mirandola P. Buffering Adaptive Immunity by Hydrogen Sulfide. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030325. [PMID: 35159135 PMCID: PMC8834412 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell-mediated adaptive immunity is designed to respond to non-self antigens and pathogens through the activation and proliferation of various T cell populations. T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and Treg cells finely orchestrate cellular responses through a plethora of paracrine and autocrine stimuli that include cytokines, autacoids, and hormones. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of these mediators able to induce/inhibit immunological responses, playing a role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders, asthma, acute pancreatitis, and sepsis. Both endogenous and exogenous H2S modulate numerous important cell signaling pathways. In monocytes, polymorphonuclear, and T cells H2S impacts on activation, survival, proliferation, polarization, adhesion pathways, and modulates cytokine production and sensitivity to chemokines. Here, we offer a comprehensive review on the role of H2S as a natural buffer able to maintain over time a functional balance between Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pozzi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Giuliana Gobbi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Elena Masselli
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- University Hospital of Parma, AOU-PR, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Cecilia Carubbi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Valentina Presta
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Luca Ambrosini
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Vitale
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- University Hospital of Parma, AOU-PR, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Italian Foundation for the Research in Balneology, Via Po 22, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (P.M.)
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Sultan S, El-Mowafy M, Elgaml A, Ahmed TAE, Hassan H, Mottawea W. Metabolic Influences of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis on Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715506. [PMID: 34646151 PMCID: PMC8502967 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic medical disorders characterized by recurrent gastrointestinal inflammation. While the etiology of IBD is still unknown, the pathogenesis of the disease results from perturbations in both gut microbiota and the host immune system. Gut microbiota dysbiosis in IBD is characterized by depleted diversity, reduced abundance of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producers and enriched proinflammatory microbes such as adherent/invasive E. coli and H2S producers. This dysbiosis may contribute to the inflammation through affecting either the immune system or a metabolic pathway. The immune responses to gut microbiota in IBD are extensively discussed. In this review, we highlight the main metabolic pathways that regulate the host-microbiota interaction. We also discuss the reported findings indicating that the microbial dysbiosis during IBD has a potential metabolic impact on colonocytes and this may underlie the disease progression. Moreover, we present the host metabolic defectiveness that adds to the impact of symbiont dysbiosis on the disease progression. This will raise the possibility that gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with IBD results in functional perturbations of host-microbiota interactions, and consequently modulates the disease development. Finally, we shed light on the possible therapeutic approaches of IBD through targeting gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Sultan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammed El-Mowafy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Elgaml
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Tamer A E Ahmed
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hebatoallah Hassan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Walid Mottawea
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Antonelli M, Donelli D, Veronesi L, Vitale M, Pasquarella C. Clinical efficacy of medical hydrology: an umbrella review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2021; 65:1597-1614. [PMID: 33866427 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02133-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to summarize available scientific evidence on the efficacy of medical hydrology for the management of any health condition. The search was conducted on 26th March 2021, in the following databases: Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. All relevant literature reviews investigating the clinical efficacy of interventions characterized by the use of natural mineral waters and muds were included. The quality of studies was assessed with the "AMSTAR 2" tool. After article screening, 49 reviews were included in this work. Overall, retrieved scientific evidence suggests that spa therapy is beneficial for patients affected by some specific musculoskeletal conditions, with improvements potentially lasting up to 9 months. Moreover, balneotherapy can be an integrative support for the management of chronic venous insufficiency and some inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis. The role of spa therapy in rehabilitation appears relevant as well. More limited, although interesting evidence exists for inhalation and hydropinic therapies. Globally, retrieved evidence suggests that, besides individual wellbeing, medical hydrology can be useful for public health. In particular, higher-quality studies seem to support the integrative use of spa-related interventions for conditions like osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, low back pain of rheumatic origin, and chronic venous insufficiency. However, the body of evidence has some limitations and further clinical trials should be designed for each relevant application to consolidate and expand acquired knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Antonelli
- AUSL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Via Giovanni Amendola 2, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Davide Donelli
- AUSL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Via Giovanni Amendola 2, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Licia Veronesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- FoRST Foundation, Rome, Italy
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11
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Pozzi G, Masselli E, Gobbi G, Mirandola P, Taborda-Barata L, Ampollini L, Carbognani P, Micheloni C, Corazza F, Galli D, Carubbi C, Vitale M. Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits TMPRSS2 in Human Airway Epithelial Cells: Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1273. [PMID: 34572459 PMCID: PMC8469712 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has now affected around 190 million people worldwide, accounting for more than 4 million confirmed deaths. Besides ongoing global vaccination, finding protective and therapeutic strategies is an urgent clinical need. SARS-CoV-2 mostly infects the host organism via the respiratory system, requiring angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) to enter target cells. Therefore, these surface proteins are considered potential druggable targets. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter produced by several cell types and is also part of natural compounds, such as sulfurous waters that are often inhaled as low-intensity therapy and prevention in different respiratory conditions. H2S is a potent biological mediator, with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and, as more recently shown, also anti-viral activities. Considering that respiratory epithelial cells can be directly exposed to H2S by inhalation, here we tested the in vitro effects of H2S-donors on TMPRSS2 and ACE2 expression in human upper and lower airway epithelial cells. We showed that H2S significantly reduces the expression of TMPRSS2 without modifying ACE2 expression both in respiratory cell lines and primary human upper and lower airway epithelial cells. Results suggest that inhalational exposure of respiratory epithelial cells to natural H2S sources may hinder SARS-CoV-2 entry into airway epithelial cells and, consequently, potentially prevent the virus from spreading into the lower respiratory tract and the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pozzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Elena Masselli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Giuliana Gobbi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Luis Taborda-Barata
- CICS-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal;
| | - Luca Ampollini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Paolo Carbognani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Cristina Micheloni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Francesco Corazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Daniela Galli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Cecilia Carubbi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (E.M.); (G.G.); (P.M.); (L.A.); (P.C.); (C.M.); (F.C.); (D.G.); (M.V.)
- Italian Foundation for Research in Balneotherapy (FoRST), 00198 Rome, Italy
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12
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Otteson CE, Levinn CM, Van Raden JM, Pluth MD, Jasti R. Nanohoop Rotaxane Design to Enhance the Selectivity of Reaction-Based Probes: A Proof-of-Principle Study. Org Lett 2021; 23:4608-4612. [PMID: 34061551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical interlocking of a nanohoop fluorophore and a reactive thread couples the benefits of a reaction-based probe with a sterically congested active site for enhanced selectivity. Advantageously, the thread design uses dual function stoppers that act as both a quencher and a trigger for sensing. In progress toward expanding this approach to biologically relevant analytes, this system is used to demonstrate steric differentiation and provide a selective turn-on fluorescent response with size selectivity for HS- rather than larger thiolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Otteson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Carolyn M Levinn
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Jeff M Van Raden
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Michael D Pluth
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Ramesh Jasti
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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13
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Characterization of hyperglycemia due to sub-chronic administration of red ginseng extract via comparative global proteomic analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12374. [PMID: 34117292 PMCID: PMC8196207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is commonly used as an herbal remedy worldwide. Few studies have explored the possible physiological changes in the liver although patients often self-medicate with ginseng preparations, which may lead to exceeding the recommended dose for long-term administration. Here, we analyzed changes in the hepatic proteins of mouse livers using quantitative proteomics after sub-chronic administration of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extract (control group and 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg KRG) using tandem mass tag (TMT) 6-plex technology. The 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg KRG groups exhibited signs of liver injury, including increased levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum. Furthermore, serum glucose levels were significantly higher following KRG administration compared with the control group. Based on the upregulated proteins found in the proteomic analysis, we found that increased cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) levels promoted greater hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthesis in the liver. This investigation provides novel evidence that sub-chronic administration of KRG can elevate H2S production by increasing protein expression of CBS and CSE in the liver.
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14
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Hydrogen Sulfide Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice by Reducing Apoptosis, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Effects. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1310-1322. [PMID: 34021860 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is reported to have a neuroprotective activity; however, the role of H2S in neuroinflammation-induced neuronal damage is ambiguous. Here, we aimed to evaluate the underlying mechanisms for the neuroprotective effect of NaHS, a known H2S donor, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory impairment (MI). All the treatments were administered for 28 days, and LPS (0.25 mg/kg i.p.) was co-administered intermittently for 7 days from days 15 to 21. Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze tests were performed to evaluate MI. Neurodegeneration was histopathologically examined, and the brain homogenates were characterized for reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, caspase-3, c-Jun, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by biochemical analysis. H2S administration significantly improved spatial and working memory in MWM and Y-maze tasks, respectively. Exogenous H2S significantly reversed LPS-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by improved GSH, MDA, and SOD levels. H2S pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation by decreasing c-Jun and caspase-3 levels and inhibiting TNF-α and IL-6, respectively. The decrease in these markers was supported by H&E and Nissl staining, which confirmed the anti-necrotic activity of H2S. However, there was no significant improvement in LPS-induced increase in AChE activity. These results indicate that chronic systemic inflammation leads to neurodegeneration and MI and H2S exerts its neuroprotective effect due to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential via modulation of JNK and extrinsic apoptosis pathways.
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15
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Maccarone MC, Magro G, Solimene U, Scanu A, Masiero S. From in vitro research to real life studies: an extensive narrative review of the effects of balneotherapy on human immune response. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021; 17:817-835. [PMID: 34035862 PMCID: PMC8136372 DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00778-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The biologic mechanisms by which balneotherapy (BT) alleviates symptoms of different diseases are still poorly understood. Recently, preclinical models and clinical trials have been developed to study the effects of BT on the immune system. This review summarizes the currently available evidence regarding the effects of spa therapy on the immune response, to confirm the role of BT in the enhancement of immune system and open interesting research fields. Methods PubMed and Google Scholar were searched from 1997 up to June 2020, with search criteria including terms related to BT and immune system. We selected only in vitro research, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or clinical trials. Results In vitro studies on human and animal samples have demonstrated that thermal waters exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. In particular, H2S donors seem to counteract the inflammatory processes in psoriatic lesions, arthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes and chondrocytes, and regulate important factors implicated in osteoarthritis pathogenesis and progression. RCTs and clinical trials revealed, after BT, a reduction in circulating levels of pro-inflammatory molecules, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and C-reactive protein, and an increase in anti-inflammatory molecules such as the IGF-1 growth factor especially in musculoskeletal diseases. Conclusion Further preclinical studies and RCTs could help to exploit BT in real life for preventive and therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Maccarone
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - G Magro
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - U Solimene
- World Federation of Hydrotherapy and Climatotherapy, Milan, Italy
| | - A Scanu
- Reumathology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S Masiero
- Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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16
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Paganelli F, Mottola G, Fromonot J, Marlinge M, Deharo P, Guieu R, Ruf J. Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Disease: Is the Adenosinergic System the Missing Link? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1690. [PMID: 33567540 PMCID: PMC7914561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCy) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear. HHCy is associated with inflammation and atherosclerosis, and it is an independent risk factor for CVD, stroke and myocardial infarction. However, homocysteine (HCy)-lowering therapy does not affect the inflammatory state of CVD patients, and it has little influence on cardiovascular risk. The HCy degradation product hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a cardioprotector. Previous research proposed a positive role of H2S in the cardiovascular system, and we discuss some recent data suggesting that HHCy worsens CVD by increasing the production of H2S, which decreases the expression of adenosine A2A receptors on the surface of immune and cardiovascular cells to cause inflammation and ischemia, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Paganelli
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, North Hospital, F-13015 Marseille, France
| | - Giovanna Mottola
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Julien Fromonot
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marion Marlinge
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Deharo
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Régis Guieu
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Ruf
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
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17
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Li Y, Liu M, Yi J, Song X, Zheng X, Liu D, Wang S, Chu C, Yang J. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide inhibits apoptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagy axis and improves myocardial reconstruction after acute myocardial infarction. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:1325-1336. [PMID: 33210714 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During acute myocardial infarction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced autophagy and apoptosis have been shown as important pathogeneses of myocardial reconstruction. Importantly, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a third endogenous gas signaling molecule, exerts strong cytoprotective effect on anti-ER stress, autophagy regulation and antiapoptosis. Here, we showed that H2S treatment inhibits apoptosis by regulating ER stress-autophagy axis and improves myocardial reconstruction after acute myocardial infarction. We found that H2S intervention improved left ventricle function, reduced glycogen deposition in myocardial tissue mesenchyme, and inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, the expressions of fibrosis indicators (Col3a1 and Col1a2), ER stress-related proteins (CHOP and BIP/ERP78), autophagy-related proteins (Beclin and ATG5), apoptosis protein (Bax), as well as fibrosis protein Col4a3bp were all decreased after treatment with H2S. H2S administration also maintained MMP/TIMP balance. Mechanistically, H2S activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In addition, H2S treatment also reduced the expressions of ER stress-related proteins, autophagy-related proteins, and apoptins in in vitro experiments. Interestingly, activation of ER stress-autophagy axis could reverse the inhibitory effect of H2S on myocardial apoptosis. Altogether, these results suggested that exogenous H2S suppresses myocardial apoptosis by blocking ER stress-autophagy axis, which in turn reverses cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Maojun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jiali Yi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiong Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xia Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Chun Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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18
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Dilek N, Papapetropoulos A, Toliver-Kinsky T, Szabo C. Hydrogen sulfide: An endogenous regulator of the immune system. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105119. [PMID: 32781284 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now recognized as an endogenous signaling gasotransmitter in mammals. It is produced by mammalian cells and tissues by various enzymes - predominantly cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) - but part of the H2S is produced by the intestinal microbiota (colonic H2S-producing bacteria). Here we summarize the available information on the production and functional role of H2S in the various cell types typically associated with innate immunity (neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils) and adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes) under normal conditions and as it relates to the development of various inflammatory and immune diseases. Special attention is paid to the physiological and the pathophysiological aspects of the oral cavity and the colon, where the immune cells and the parenchymal cells are exposed to a special "H2S environment" due to bacterial H2S production. H2S has many cellular and molecular targets. Immune cells are "surrounded" by a "cloud" of H2S, as a result of endogenous H2S production and exogenous production from the surrounding parenchymal cells, which, in turn, importantly regulates their viability and function. Downregulation of endogenous H2S producing enzymes in various diseases, or genetic defects in H2S biosynthetic enzyme systems either lead to the development of spontaneous autoimmune disease or accelerate the onset and worsen the severity of various immune-mediated diseases (e.g. autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis or asthma). Low, regulated amounts of H2S, when therapeutically delivered by small molecule donors, improve the function of various immune cells, and protect them against dysfunction induced by various noxious stimuli (e.g. reactive oxygen species or oxidized LDL). These effects of H2S contribute to the maintenance of immune functions, can stimulate antimicrobial defenses and can exert anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahzli Dilek
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Tracy Toliver-Kinsky
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Masiero S, Maccarone MC, Magro G. Balneotherapy and human immune function in the era of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2020; 64:1433-1434. [PMID: 32300868 PMCID: PMC7160818 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-020-01914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Masiero
- Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padova, Italy.
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Giacomo Magro
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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20
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Clementi M, Signorelli C, Romano Spica V, Vitali M, Conti M, Vitale M. Protocols and self-checking plans for the safety of post-COVID-19 balneotherapy. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:40-49. [PMID: 32701916 PMCID: PMC8023090 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i9-s.10167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemics, balneotherapic establishments were closed in Italy like in the rest of Europe. The Italian Foundation for Research in balneotherapy (FoRST) was asked to prepare a safety protocol to be proposed to the National Health Authorities to allow the establishments to restart their activity when possible, under safe conditions (the so-called Phase-2). The group of experts proposed the following hygienic and sanitary protocols of risk management for the initial reopening of the balneology settings in Italy. The plan aims to define the operating procedures to be implemented at the balneology establishments for the beginning of Phase-2 and to keep them constantly updated in the different periods that will characterize Phase-2 in relation to the trends of the disease. To this end the procedures, defined on the basis of the scientific state-of-the-art available today, will be updated and revised from time to time whenever further scientific evidence and directives from the Health Authorities make it necessary and/or useful.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- San Raffaele University Vita e Salute, Milano; DiMeC Dept., University of Parma, Parma.
| | | | | | | | - Marco Vitale
- DiMeC Dept., University of Parma, Parma; Fondazione per la Ricerca Scientifica Termale (FoRST), Rome, Italy.
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21
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Immune Dysfunction in Uremia 2020. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12070439. [PMID: 32635646 PMCID: PMC7404977 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12070439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and infections are major causes for the high incidence of morbidity and mortality of patients with chronic kidney disease. Both complications are directly or indirectly associated with disturbed functions or altered apoptotic rates of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. Normal responses of immune cells can be reduced, leading to infectious diseases or pre-activated/primed, giving rise to inflammation and subsequently to cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the impact of kidney dysfunction on the immune system. Renal failure results in disturbed renal metabolic activities with reduced renin, erythropoietin, and vitamin D production, which adversely affects the immune system. Decreased kidney function also leads to reduced glomerular filtration and the retention of uremic toxins. A large number of uremic toxins with detrimental effects on immune cells have been identified. Besides small water-soluble and protein-bound compounds originating from the intestinal microbiome, several molecules in the middle molecular range, e.g., immunoglobulin light chains, retinol-binding protein, the neuropeptides Met-enkephalin and neuropeptide Y, endothelin-1, and the adipokines leptin and resistin, adversely affect immune cells. Posttranslational modifications such as carbamoylation, advanced glycation products, and oxidative modifications contribute to uremic toxicity. Furthermore, high-density lipoprotein from uremic patients has an altered protein profile and thereby loses its anti-inflammatory properties.
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22
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Cheleschi S, Gallo I, Tenti S. A comprehensive analysis to understand the mechanism of action of balneotherapy: why, how, and where they can be used? Evidence from in vitro studies performed on human and animal samples. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2020; 64:1247-1261. [PMID: 32200439 PMCID: PMC7223834 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-020-01890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Balneotherapy (BT) is one of the most commonly used complementary therapies for many pathological conditions. Its beneficial effects are related to physical and chemical factors, but the exact mechanism of action is not fully understood. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the use of preclinical models to investigate the influence of BT on inflammation, immunity, and cartilage and bone metabolism. The objective of this comprehensive analysis was to summarize the current knowledge about the in vitro studies in BT and to revise the obtained results on the biological effects of mineral waters. Special attention has been paid to the main rheumatological and dermatological conditions, and to the regulation of the immune response. The objective of this review was to summarize the in vitro studies, on human and animal samples, investigating the biological effects of BT. In particular, we analyzed the properties of a thermal water, as a whole, of an inorganic molecule, such as hydrogen sulfide in different cell cultures (keratinocytes, synoviocytes, chondrocytes, and peripheral blood cells), or of the organic component. The results corroborated the scientific value of in vitro studies in demonstrating the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chondroprotective, and immunosuppressive role of BT at the cellular level. However, the validity of the cell culture model is limited by several sources of bias, as the differences in experimental procedures, the high heterogeneity among the available researches, and the difficulties in considering all the chemical and physical factors of BT. We would like to stimulate the scientific community to standardize the experimental procedures and enhance in vitro research in the field of BT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cheleschi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Policlinico Le Scotte, 53100, Siena, Italy.
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Rheumatology Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 1, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Ines Gallo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Policlinico Le Scotte, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Sara Tenti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Policlinico Le Scotte, 53100, Siena, Italy
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Hsieh MH, Tsai HW, Lin KJ, Wu ZY, Hu HY, Chang Y, Wei HJ, Sung HW. An in situ slow-releasing H2S donor depot with long-term therapeutic effects for treating ischemic diseases. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Rajendran S, Shen X, Glawe J, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG. Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulation of Ischemic Vascular Growth and Remodeling. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1213-1247. [PMID: 31187898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic vascular remodeling occurs in response to stenosis or arterial occlusion leading to a change in blood flow and tissue perfusion. Altered blood flow elicits a cascade of molecular and cellular physiological responses leading to vascular remodeling of the macro- and micro-circulation. Although cellular mechanisms of vascular remodeling such as arteriogenesis and angiogenesis have been studied, therapeutic approaches in these areas have had limited success due to the complexity and heterogeneous constellation of molecular signaling events regulating these processes. Understanding central molecular players of vascular remodeling should lead to a deeper understanding of this response and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) are gaseous signaling molecules that are critically involved in regulating fundamental biochemical and molecular responses necessary for vascular growth and remodeling. This review examines how NO and H2 S regulate pathophysiological mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, along with important chemical and experimental considerations revealed thus far. The importance of NO and H2 S bioavailability, their synthesis enzymes and cofactors, and genetic variations associated with cardiovascular risk factors suggest that they serve as pivotal regulators of vascular remodeling responses. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1213-1247, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - John Glawe
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
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25
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Viegas J, Esteves AF, Cardoso EM, Arosa FA, Vitale M, Taborda-Barata L. Biological Effects of Thermal Water-Associated Hydrogen Sulfide on Human Airways and Associated Immune Cells: Implications for Respiratory Diseases. Front Public Health 2019; 7:128. [PMID: 31231626 PMCID: PMC6560203 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural mineral (thermal) waters have been used for centuries as treatment for various diseases. However, the scientific background of such therapeutic action is mostly empiric and based on knowledge acquired over time. Among the various types of natural mineral waters, sulfurous thermal waters (STWs) are the most common type in the center of Portugal. STWs are characterized by high pH, poor mineralization, and the presence of several ions and salts, such as bicarbonate, sodium, fluoride, silica, and carbonate. Furthermore, these waters are indicated as a good option for the treatment of various illnesses, namely respiratory diseases (e.g., allergic rhinitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). From the sulfide species present in these waters, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) stands out due to its abundance. In healthy conditions, H2S-related enzymes (e.g., cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase) are expressed in human lungs, where they have mucolytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial roles, thus contributing to airway epithelium homeostasis. These roles occur mainly through S-sulfhydration, a post-translational modification through which H2S is able to change the activity of several targets, such as ion channels, second messengers, proteins, among others. However, in respiratory diseases the metabolism of H2S is altered, which seems to contribute somehow to the respiratory deterioration. Moreover, H2S has been regarded as a good biomarker of airway dysfunction and severity, and can be measured in serum, sputum, and exhaled air. Hence, in this review we will recapitulate the effects of STWs on lung epithelial-immune crosstalk through the action of its main component, H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Viegas
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Esteves
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elsa M Cardoso
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,FCS-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Escola Superior da Saúde, IPG-Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Fernando A Arosa
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,FCS-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Marco Vitale
- DiMeC-Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,FoRST-Fondazione per la Ricerca Scientifica Termale, Rome, Italy
| | - Luís Taborda-Barata
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,NuESA-Health & Environment Study Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Department of Immunoallergology, CHUCB-Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre, Covilhã, Portugal
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26
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Kar S, Kambis TN, Mishra PK. Hydrogen sulfide-mediated regulation of cell death signaling ameliorates adverse cardiac remodeling and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1237-H1252. [PMID: 30925069 PMCID: PMC6620689 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00004.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The death of cardiomyocytes is a precursor for the cascade of hypertrophic and fibrotic remodeling that leads to cardiomyopathy. In diabetes mellitus (DM), the metabolic environment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress causes cardiomyocyte cell death, leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DMCM), an independent cause of heart failure. Understanding the roles of the cell death signaling pathways involved in the development of cardiomyopathies is crucial to the discovery of novel targeted therapeutics and biomarkers for DMCM. Recent evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous molecule, has cardioprotective effects against cell death. However, very little is known about signaling by which H2S and its downstream targets regulate myocardial cell death in the DM heart. This review focuses on H2S in the signaling of apoptotic, autophagic, necroptotic, and pyroptotic cell death in DMCM and other cardiomyopathies, abnormalities in H2S synthesis in DM, and potential H2S-based therapeutic strategies to mitigate myocardial cell death to ameliorate DMCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kar
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tyler N Kambis
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
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27
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Han Y, Shang Q, Yao J, Ji Y. Hydrogen sulfide: a gaseous signaling molecule modulates tissue homeostasis: implications in ophthalmic diseases. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:293. [PMID: 30926772 PMCID: PMC6441042 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) serves as a gasotransmitter in the regulation of organ development and maintenance of homeostasis in tissues. Its abnormal levels are associated with multiple human diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease, myocardial injury, and ophthalmic diseases. Excessive exposure to H2S could lead to cellular toxicity, orchestrate pathological process, and increase the risk of various diseases. Interestingly, under physiological status, H2S plays a critical role in maintaining cellular physiology and limiting damages to tissues. In mammalian species, the generation of H2S is catalyzed by cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS), cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE), 3-mercapto-methylthio pyruvate aminotransferase (3MST) and cysteine aminotransferase (CAT). These enzymes are found inside the mammalian eyeballs at different locations. Their aberrant expression and the accumulation of substrates and intermediates can change the level of H2S by orders of magnitude, causing abnormal structures or functions in the eyes. Detailed investigations have demonstrated that H2S donors' administration could regulate intraocular pressure, protect retinal cells, inhibit oxidative stress and alleviate inflammation by modulating the function of intra or extracellular proteins in ocular tissues. Thus, several slow-releasing H2S donors have been shown to be promising drugs for treating multiple diseases. In this review, we discuss the biological function of H2S metabolism and its application in ophthalmic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Qianwen Shang
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Yao
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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28
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Abdulle AE, van Goor H, Mulder DJ. Hydrogen Sulfide: A Therapeutic Option in Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4121. [PMID: 30572591 PMCID: PMC6320961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a lethal disease that is characterized by auto-immunity, vascular injury, and progressive fibrosis of multiple organ systems. Despite the fact that the exact etiology of SSc remains unknown, oxidative stress has been associated with a large range of SSc-related complications. In addition to the well-known detrimental properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS), gasotransmitters (e.g., nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)) are also thought to play an important role in SSc. Accordingly, the diverse physiologic actions of NO and CO and their role in SSc have been previously studied. Recently, multiple studies have also shown the importance of the third gasotransmitter H₂S in both vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Interestingly, homocysteine (which is converted into H₂S through the transsulfuration pathway) is often found to be elevated in SSc patients; suggesting defects in the transsulfuration pathway. Hydrogen sulfide, which is known to have several effects, including a strong antioxidant and vasodilator effect, could potentially play a prominent role in the initiation and progression of vasculopathy. A better understanding of the actions of gasotransmitters, like H₂S, in the development of SSc-related vasculopathy, could help to create early interventions to attenuate the disease course. This paper will review the role of H₂S in vascular (patho-)physiology and potential disturbances in SSc. Moreover, current data from experimental animal studies will be reviewed. Lastly, we will evaluate potential interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaal Eman Abdulle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Section Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Douwe J Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Vascular Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
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29
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Hydrogen sulfide limits neutrophil transmigration, inflammation, and oxidative burst in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14676. [PMID: 30279441 PMCID: PMC6168479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmigration and activation of neutrophils in the lung reflect key steps in the progression of acute lung injury (ALI). It is known that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can limit neutrophil activation, but the respective mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we aimed to examine the underlying pathways in pulmonary inflammation. In vivo, C57BL/6N mice received the H2S slow releasing compound GYY4137 prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation. LPS challenge led to pulmonary injury, inflammation, and neutrophil transmigration that were inhibited in response to H2S pretreatment. Moreover, H2S reduced mRNA expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and its receptor in lung tissue, as well as the accumulation of MIP-2 and interleukin-1β in the alveolar space. In vitro, GYY4137 did not exert toxic effects on Hoxb8 neutrophils, but prevented their transmigration through an endothelial barrier in the presence and absence of MIP-2. In addition, the release of MIP-2 and reactive oxygen species from LPS-stimulated Hoxb8 neutrophils were directly inhibited by H2S. Taken together, we provide first evidence that H2S limits lung neutrophil sequestration upon LPS challenge. As proposed underlying mechanisms, H2S prevents neutrophil transmigration through the inflamed endothelium and directly inhibits pro-inflammatory as well as oxidative signalling in neutrophils. Subsequently, H2S pretreatment ameliorates LPS-induced ALI.
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30
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Ciocci M, Iorio E, Carotenuto F, Khashoggi HA, Nanni F, Melino S. H2S-releasing nanoemulsions: a new formulation to inhibit tumor cells proliferation and improve tissue repair. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84338-84358. [PMID: 27741519 PMCID: PMC5356665 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement of solubility and/or dissolution rate of poorly soluble natural compounds is an ideal strategy to make them optimal candidates as new potential drugs. Accordingly, the allyl sulfur compounds and omega-3 fatty acids are natural hydrophobic compounds that exhibit two important combined properties: cardiovascular protection and antitumor activity. Here, we have synthesized and characterized a novel formulation of diallyl disulfide (DADS) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) as protein-nanoemulsions (BAD-NEs), using ultrasounds. BAD-NEs are stable over time at room temperature and show antioxidant and radical scavenging property. These NEs are also optimal H2S slow-release donors and show a significant anti-proliferative effect on different human cancer cell lines: MCF-7 breast cancer and HuT 78 T-cell lymphoma cells. BAD-NEs are able to regulate the ERK1/2 pathway, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. We have also investigated their effect on cell proliferation of human adult stem/progenitor cells. Interestingly, BAD-NEs are able to improve the Lin- Sca1+ human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPC) proliferation. This stem cell growth stimulation is combined with the expression and activation of proteins involved in tissue-repair, such as P-AKT, α-sma and connexin 43. Altogether, our results suggest that these antioxidant nanoemulsions might have potential application in selective cancer therapy and for promoting the muscle tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ciocci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Iorio
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Felicia Carotenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Haneen A Khashoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Nanni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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31
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Benedetti F, Curreli S, Krishnan S, Davinelli S, Cocchi F, Scapagnini G, Gallo RC, Zella D. Anti-inflammatory effects of H 2S during acute bacterial infection: a review. J Transl Med 2017; 15:100. [PMID: 28490346 PMCID: PMC5424385 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), previously only considered a toxic environmental air pollutant, is now increasingly recognized as an important signaling molecule able to modulate several cellular pathways in many human tissues. As demonstrated in recent studies, H2S is produced endogenously in response to different cellular stimuli and plays different roles in controlling a number of physiological responses. The precise role of H2S in inflammation is still largely unknown. In particular, the role of H2S in the regulation of the inflammatory response in acute and chronic infections is being actively investigated because of its potential therapeutic use. To study the effect of H2S as an anti-inflammatory mediator during bacterial infections, we developed an ex vivo model of primary cells and cell lines infected with Mycoplasma. Our data demonstrate a dichotomic effect of H2S on the NF-kB and Nrf-2 molecular pathways, which were inhibited and stimulated, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Sabrina Curreli
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Selvi Krishnan
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Cocchi
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Robert C Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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32
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Sulphurous Mineral Waters: New Applications for Health. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8034084. [PMID: 28484507 PMCID: PMC5397653 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8034084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulphurous mineral waters have been traditionally used in medical hydrology as treatment for skin, respiratory, and musculoskeletal disorders. However, driven by recent intense research efforts, topical treatments are starting to show benefits for pulmonary hypertension, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, peptic ulcer, and acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. The beneficial effects of sulphurous mineral waters, sulphurous mud, or peloids made from sulphurous mineral water have been attributed to the presence of sulphur mainly in the form of hydrogen sulphide. This form is largely available in conditions of low pH when oxygen concentrations are also low. In the organism, small amounts of hydrogen sulphide are produced by some cells where they have numerous biological signalling functions. While high levels of hydrogen sulphide are extremely toxic, enzymes in the body are capable of detoxifying it by oxidation to harmless sulphate. Hence, low levels of hydrogen sulphide may be tolerated indefinitely. In this paper, we review the chemistry and actions of hydrogen sulphide in sulphurous mineral waters and its natural role in body physiology. This is followed by an update of available data on the impacts of exogenous hydrogen sulphide on the skin and internal cells and organs including new therapeutic possibilities of sulphurous mineral waters and their peloids.
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Sulen A, Gullaksen SE, Bader L, McClymont DW, Skavland J, Gavasso S, Gjertsen BT. Signaling effects of sodium hydrosulfide in healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:216-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting large and medium arteries and is considered to be a major underlying cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the development of pharmacotherapies to treat CVD has contributed to a decline in cardiac mortality in the past few decades, CVD is estimated to be the cause of one-third of deaths globally. Nutraceuticals are natural nutritional compounds that are beneficial for the prevention or treatment of disease and, therefore, are a possible therapeutic avenue for the treatment of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this Review is to highlight potential nutraceuticals for use as antiatherogenic therapies with evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, the current evidence from observational and randomized clinical studies into the role of nutraceuticals in preventing atherosclerosis in humans will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe W E Moss
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Dipak P Ramji
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
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35
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Yang R, Liu Y, Shi S. Hydrogen Sulfide Regulates Homeostasis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Regulatory T Cells. J Dent Res 2016; 95:1445-1451. [PMID: 27432317 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516659041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has long been known as a toxic gas. However, recently accumulated evidence suggests that H2S contributes to a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes. Endogenous H2S production is regulated by multiple enzymes that are differentially expressed in the cardiovascular, neuronal, immune, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, reproductive, liver, and endocrine systems. Alteration of H2S metabolism may affect multiple signaling pathways and tissue homeostasis. The growing number of diverse targets for which H2S serves as a gasotransmitter has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. In this review, the authors discuss current emerging evidence that H2S regulates mesenchymal stem cell and T-cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Y Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - S Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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36
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Sulen A, Lygre SHL, Hjelle SM, Hollund BE, Gjertsen BT. Elevated monocyte phosphorylated p38 in nearby employees after a chemical explosion. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29060. [PMID: 27380711 PMCID: PMC4933906 DOI: 10.1038/srep29060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalised health surveillance is infrequent or absent in occupational and environmental medicine. The shortage of functional tests in relevant cells and tissues greatly limits our understanding of environmental exposures and associated disease risk. We evaluated single cell signalling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 301 individuals in a cross sectional health survey 18 months after a chemical explosion of sulphorous coker gasoline. The accident created a malodourous environment leading to long-term health complaints. Multiple regression analysis revealed T-cell specific elevated phosphorylation of the stress kinase p-p38 (T180/Y182) among tobacco smokers and monocyte-specific elevated phosphorylation in employees at the explosion site. Other studies of the accident reported reduced tear film stability, and more airway obstruction and subjective health complaints among the employees at the accident site. Elevated monocyte p-p38 in the employee group was independent of such health effects, and could therefore be dependent on the sulphuric malodorous environment. The present study proposes signalling status in leukocytes as a scalable biomarker providing information about environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Sulen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, N-5021 Norway
| | - Stein H L Lygre
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021 Norway
| | - Sigrun M Hjelle
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, N-5021 Norway
| | - Bjørg E Hollund
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, N-5021 Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021 Norway
| | - Bjørn T Gjertsen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, N-5021 Norway.,Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021 Norway
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37
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Li F, Luo J, Wu Z, Xiao T, Zeng O, Li L, Li Y, Yang J. Hydrogen sulfide exhibits cardioprotective effects by decreasing endoplasmic reticulum stress in a diabetic cardiomyopathy rat model. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:865-73. [PMID: 27222111 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is critical in the occurrence and development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been found to be the third gaseous signaling molecule with anti‑ER stress effects. Previous studies have shown that H2S acts as a potent inhibitor of fibrosis in the heart of diabetic rats. This study aimed to demonstrate whether H2S exhibits protective effects on the myocardium of streptozotocin (STZ)‑induced diabetic rats by suppressing ER stress. In this study, diabetic models were established by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 40 mg/kg STZ. The STZ‑treated mice were divided into three groups, and subsequently treated with normal saline, 30 µmol/kg or 100 µmol/kg NaHS, i.p., respectively, for 8 weeks. The extent of myocyte hypertrophy was measured using hematoxylin and eosin‑stained sections and collagen components were investigated using immunostaining. The expression of glucose-regulated protein (Grp78), C/EBP‑homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase‑12 in the heart tissue of each group was detected by western blot analysis. It was demonstrated that H2S could improve myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial collagen deposition in diabetic rats. In addition, it could reduce the expression of Grp78, caspase-12 and CHOP. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that H2S suppresses STZ‑induced ER stress in the hearts of rats, and it may serve as a novel cardioprotective agent for DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ou Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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Korean red ginseng ameliorated experimental pancreatitis through the inhibition of hydrogen sulfide in mice. Pancreatology 2016; 16:326-36. [PMID: 26992849 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Effective therapy to treat acute pancreatitis (AP) or to prevent its recurrence/complication is still not available. Based on previous results that suggest that: i) hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels were significantly increased in pancreatitis and gastritis and ii) Korean red ginseng (KRG) efficiently attenuated Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis through the suppressive actions of H2S, we hypothesized that KRG can ameliorate experimental pancreatitis through suppression of H2S generation. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were pre-administered KRG and then subjected to cerulein injection or pancreatic duct ligation (PDL) to induce pancreatitis. Blood and pancreas tissues were collected and processed to measure serum levels of amylase, lipase and myeloperoxidase and the concentration of H2S and the levels of various inflammatory cytokine in pancreatic tissues of mice with induced AP. RESULTS KRG significantly inhibited NaHS-induced COX-2 and TNF-α mRNA in pancreatic cells, but dl-propargylglycine did not. KRG ameliorated cerulein-induced edematous pancreatitis accompanied with significant inactivation of NF-κB and JNK in pancreatic tissues of C57BL/6 mice (p < 0.001) and also significantly ameliorated PDL-induced necrotizing pancreatitis (p<0.01); in both conditions, the significant suppression of H2S resulting from KRG pretreatment afforded rescuing outcomes. Along with suppressed levels of H2S consequent to depressed expressions of CBS and CSE mRNA, KRG administration efficiently decreased the serum level of amylase, lipase, and myeloperoxidase and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in animal models of mild or severe AP. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence for the preventive and therapeutic roles of KRG against AP mediated by H2S suppression.
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Xie L, Feng H, Li S, Meng G, Liu S, Tang X, Ma Y, Han Y, Xiao Y, Gu Y, Shao Y, Park CM, Xian M, Huang Y, Ferro A, Wang R, Moore PK, Wang H, Ji Y. SIRT3 Mediates the Antioxidant Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide in Endothelial Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:329-43. [PMID: 26422756 PMCID: PMC4761821 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Oxidative stress is a key contributor to endothelial dysfunction and associated cardiovascular pathogenesis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an antioxidant gasotransmitter that protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress. Sirtuin3 (SIRT3), which belongs to the silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) family, is an important deacetylase under oxidative stress. H2S is able to regulate the activity of several sirtuins. The present study aims to investigate the role of SIRT3 in the antioxidant effect of H2S in endothelial cells. RESULTS Cultured EA.hy926 endothelial cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a model of oxidative stress-induced cell injury. GYY4137, a slow-releasing H2S donor, improved cell viability, reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis, and improved mitochondrial function following H2O2 treatment. H2S reversed the stimulation of MAPK phosphorylation, downregulation of SIRT3 mRNA and reduction of the superoxide dismutase 2 and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 expression which were induced by H2O2. H2S also increased activator protein 1 (AP-1) binding activity with SIRT3 promoter and this effect was absent in the presence of the specific AP-1 inhibitor, SR11302 or curcumin. Paraquat administration to mice induced a defected endothelium-dependent aortic vasodilatation and increased oxidative stress in both mouse aorta and small mesenteric artery, which were alleviated by GYY4137 treatment. This vasoprotective effect of H2S was absent in SIRT3 knockout mice. INNOVATION The present results highlight a novel role for SIRT3 in the protective effect of H2S against oxidant damage in the endothelium both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION H2S enhances AP-1 binding activity with the SIRT3 promoter, thereby upregulating SIRT3 expression and ultimately reducing oxidant-provoked vascular endothelial dysfunction. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 24, 329-343.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xie
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Haihua Feng
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Sha Li
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Guoliang Meng
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China .,2 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Shangmin Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Tang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Han
- 3 Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yujiao Xiao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Gu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yongfeng Shao
- 4 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Chung-Min Park
- 5 Department of Chemistry, Washington State University , Pullman, Washington
| | - Ming Xian
- 5 Department of Chemistry, Washington State University , Pullman, Washington
| | - Yu Huang
- 6 Institute of Vascular Biology, Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Ferro
- 7 Cardiovascular Division, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, King's College London , London, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Wang
- 8 Department of Biology, Cardivascular and Molecular Research Unit, Lakehead University , Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip K Moore
- 9 Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Hong Wang
- 10 Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yong Ji
- 1 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
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Ercole F, Mansfeld FM, Kavallaris M, Whittaker MR, Quinn JF, Halls ML, Davis TP. Macromolecular Hydrogen Sulfide Donors Trigger Spatiotemporally Confined Changes in Cell Signaling. Biomacromolecules 2015; 17:371-83. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ercole
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Friederike M. Mansfeld
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Children’s
Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children’s
Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence
in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and Australian Centre
for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michael R. Whittaker
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - John F. Quinn
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michelle L. Halls
- Drug
Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, ULCV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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Zhen Y, Pan W, Hu F, Wu H, Feng J, Zhang Y, Chen J. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide exerts proliferation/anti-apoptosis/angiogenesis/migration effects via amplifying the activation of NF-κB pathway in PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2194-204. [PMID: 25738635 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) takes part in a diverse range of intracellular pathways and hss physical and pathological properties in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of H2S on cancer are controversial and remain unclear. The present study investigates the effects of H2S on liver cancer progression via activating NF-κB pathway in PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells. PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells were pretreated with 500 µmol/l NaHS (a donor of H2S) for 24 h. The expression levels of CSE, CBS, phosphosphorylate (p)-NF-κB p65, caspase-3, COX-2, p-IκB and MMP-2 were measured by western blot assay. Cell viability was detected by cell counter kit 8 (CCK-8). Apoptotic cells were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining assay. The production level of H2S in cell culture medium was measured by using the sulfur-sensitive electrode method. The production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results showed that the production of H2S was dramatically increased in the PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells, compared with human LO2 hepatocyte cells group, along with the overexpression levels of CSE and CBS. Treatment of PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells with 500 µmol/l NaHS (a donor of H2S) for 24 h markedly increased the expression levels of CSE, CBS, p-IκB and NF-κB activation, leading to COX-2 and MMP-2 overexpression, and decreased caspase-3 production, as well as increased cell viability and decreased number of apoptotic cells. Otherwise, the production level of H2S and VEGF were also significantly increased. Furthermore, co-treatment of PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells with 500 µmol/l NaHS and 200 µmol/l PDTC for 24 h significantly overturned these indexes. The findings of the present study provide evidence that the NF-κB is involved in the NaHS-induced cell proliferation, anti-apoptisis, angiogenesis, and migration in PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells, and that the PDTC against the NaHS-induced effects were by inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhen
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Wanying Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Fen Hu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiang Feng
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Jingfu Chen
- Department of Cardiovasology and Cardiac Care Unit (CCU), Huangpu Division, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
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Krejcova T, Smelcova M, Petr J, Bodart JF, Sedmikova M, Nevoral J, Dvorakova M, Vyskocilova A, Weingartova I, Kucerova-Chrpova V, Chmelikova E, Tumova L, Jilek F. Hydrogen sulfide donor protects porcine oocytes against aging and improves the developmental potential of aged porcine oocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116964. [PMID: 25615598 PMCID: PMC4304783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine oocytes that have matured in in vitro conditions undergo the process of aging during prolonged cultivation, which is manifested by spontaneous parthenogenetic activation, lysis or fragmentation of aged oocytes. This study focused on the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the process of porcine oocyte aging. H2S is a gaseous signaling molecule and is produced endogenously by the enzymes cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST). We demonstrated that H2S-producing enzymes are active in porcine oocytes and that a statistically significant decline in endogenous H2S production occurs during the first day of aging. Inhibition of these enzymes accelerates signs of aging in oocytes and significantly increases the ratio of fragmented oocytes. The presence of exogenous H2S from a donor (Na2S.9H2O) significantly suppressed the manifestations of aging, reversed the effects of inhibitors and resulted in the complete suppression of oocyte fragmentation. Cultivation of aging oocytes in the presence of H2S donor positively affected their subsequent embryonic development following parthenogenetic activation. Although no unambiguous effects of exogenous H2S on MPF and MAPK activities were detected and the intracellular mechanism underlying H2S activity remains unclear, our study clearly demonstrates the role of H2S in the regulation of porcine oocyte aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Krejcova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Smelcova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jean-Francois Bodart
- Université Lille1, Sciences et Technologies, Laboratoire de Régulation des Signaux de Division - EA 4479, Villeneuve d´Ascq, France
| | - Marketa Sedmikova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Nevoral
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Dvorakova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Vyskocilova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivona Weingartova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Kucerova-Chrpova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Chmelikova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Tumova
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Jilek
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Pharmacological concentrations of H2S donors inhibit some T cell functions by inhibiting mitochondrial function, but evidence is also emerging that H2S at physiological concentrations produced via chemical sources and endogenously is a positive physiological mediator of T cell function. Expression of the H2S biosynthetic enzymes cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) is induced in response to T cell receptor signaling. Inhibiting the induction of these enzymes limits T cell activation and proliferation, which can be overcome by exposure to exogenous H2S at submicromolar concentrations. Exogenous H2S at physiological concentrations increases the ability of T cells to form an immunological synapse by altering cytoskeletal actin dynamics and increasing the reorientation of the microtubule-organizing center. Downstream, H2S enhances T cell receptor-dependent induction of CD69, CD25, and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene expression. The T cell stimulatory activity of H2S is enhanced under hypoxic conditions that limit its oxidative metabolism by mitochondrial and nonenzymatic processes. Studies of the receptor CD47 have revealed the first endogenous inhibitory signaling pathway that regulates H2S signaling in T cells. Binding of the secreted protein thrombospondin-1 to CD47 elicits signals that block the stimulatory activity of exogenous H2S on T cell activation and limit the induction of CSE and CBS gene expression. CD47 signaling thereby inhibits T cell receptor-mediated T cell activation.
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Dragotto J, Capuozzo E, Fontana M, Curci A, Fiorenza MT, Canterini S. Thiotaurine protects mouse cerebellar granule neurons from potassium deprivation-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of caspase-3. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 803:513-23. [PMID: 25833523 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Dragotto
- Section of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Sardi 70, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Ageing, a progressive structural and functional decline, is considered to be a major risk factor for virtually all ageing-associated pathologies and disabilities, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, diabetes, atherosclerosis and certain cancers. Biogerontology research has now been largely directed towards finding novel drug targets to decelerate the ageing process and attain healthy ageing in order to delay the onset of all ageing-related diseases. H2S has been reported to exert vasodilatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions and has been shown to act as a signalling molecule, neuromodulator and cytoprotectant. Intriguingly, H2S has been reported to regulate cell cycle and survival in healthy cells which suggests that it may regulate cell fate and hence the ageing process. This chapter sets out to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the involvement of H2S in ageing, with a specific focus on the invertebrate model nematode C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedoor Qabazard
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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Wu Z, Peng H, Du Q, Lin W, Liu Y. GYY4137, a hydrogen sulfide‑releasing molecule, inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the activation of nuclear factor‑kappa B and mitogen‑activated protein kinases in Coxsackie virus B3‑infected rat cardiomyocytes. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1837-44. [PMID: 25377925 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
GYY4137 is a water‑soluble, small molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S)‑release agent that possesses potent cardioprotective and anti‑inflammatory properties in experimental models. Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3) infection commonly causes viral myocarditis, which mainly involves immune cell infiltration, eventually resulting in heart failure. In the present study, the effects and underlying mechanisms of GYY4137 treatment of CVB3‑induced myocarditis were investigated. The effects of GYY4137 on CVB3‑induced nuclear factor‑kappa B (NF‑κB) activity were examined by western blotting, immunofluorescence and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling protein expression levels were detected by western blotting. Cardiomyocyte damage‑related enzyme activities, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase MB (CK‑MB), were measured by ELISA, as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The results revealed that GYY4137 suppressed CVB3‑induced secretion of LDH, CK‑MB and pro‑inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6. Furthermore, the activation of NF‑κB and the IκBα degradation induced by CVB3 were also inhibited by GYY4137. Notably, the phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 induced by CVB3 was also inhibited by GYY4137. In conclusion, the data demonstrate that GYY4137 exerts anti‑inflammatory effects in CVB3‑infected cardiomyocytes. This anti‑inflammatory mechanism may be associated with suppression of NF‑κB and MAPK signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubo Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Hua Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qing Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wen Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Sun Z, Wang L, Zhang T, Zhou Z, Jiang Q, Yi Q, Yang C, Qiu L, Song L. The immunomodulation of inducible hydrogen sulfide in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 46:530-536. [PMID: 24699445 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gasotransmitter, which plays indispensable roles in cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems of vertebrates. However, the information about the immunomodulation of H2S in invertebrates is still very limited. In the present study, the temporal expression profile of cystathionine γ lyase in oyster Crassostrea gigas (CgCSE) was investigated after the oysters were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The expression levels of CgCSE mRNA transcripts in hemocytes increased significantly at 12h (1.31-fold of the PBS group, P<0.05) after LPS stimulation. The immunomodulation of inducible H2S in oyster was examined by monitoring the alterations of both cellular and humoral immune parameters in response to the stimulations of LPS, LPS+Na2S and LPS+propargylglycine (PAG). The total hemocyte counts (THC) and hemolymph PO activity increased significantly after LPS stimulation, and the increase could be further enhanced by adding PAG, while inhibited by appending Na2S. The phagocytosis activity of hemocytes was also increased firstly after LPS treatment, and the increase was enhanced by adding Na2S but inhibited after appending PAG. The anti-bacterial activity in hemolymph increased at 3h post LPS treatment, and then decreased after adding PAG. The total SOD activity of hemolymph was also elevated at 6h post LPS treatment, and the elevated activity was depressed by adding Na2S. These results collectively indicated that H2S might play crucial roles in the immune response of oyster via modulating the turnover and phagocytosis of hemocytes, and regulating the anti-bacterial activity and proPO activation in the hemolymph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qiufen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qilin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuanyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Safar MM, Abdelsalam RM. H2S donors attenuate diabetic nephropathy in rats: Modulation of oxidant status and polyol pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 67:17-23. [PMID: 25560570 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfurous mineral water and its main active ingredient sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) are major sources of H2S. The present study aimed to explore their protective effect on one of the serious long-term complications of diabetes; diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Sulfurous mineral water (as drinking water), NaHS (14 μmol/kg/day; ip), and gliclazide (10mg/kg; po) were administered daily for 6 weeks to streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. RESULTS STZ-induced diabetes was associated with body weight reduction, hyperglycemia, overproduction of glycated hemoglobin, as well as decline in serum insulin, C-peptide, and insulin like growth factor-I. Besides, diabetes impaired kidney functions and imposed oxidative and nitrosative stress as manifested by elevated contents of renal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide, parallel to reduced glutathione content. These deleterious effects were antagonized by sulfurous water and to a better extent by NaHS. Activities of myeloperoxidase and sorbitol dehydrogenase were not altered by STZ or any of the treatments. However, STZ-induced diabetes was accompanied by an increment of aldose reductase which was only mitigated by gliclazide and NaHS. Histopathological examination of kidney sections corroborated the biochemical findings. CONCLUSION This study suggests a novel therapeutic approach for diabetic nephropathy using H2S donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Safar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hydrogen sulfide in hemostasis: Friend or foe? Chem Biol Interact 2014; 217:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Prandelli C, Parola C, Buizza L, Delbarba A, Marziano M, Salvi V, Zacchi V, Memo M, Sozzani S, Calza S, Uberti D, Bosisio D. Sulphurous thermal water increases the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and modulates antioxidant enzyme activity. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2014; 26:633-46. [PMID: 24067460 DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of hot springs have been known for centuries and treatments with sulphurous thermal waters are recommended in a number of chronic pathologies as well as acute recurrent infections. However, the positive effects of the therapy are often evaluated in terms of subjective sense of wellbeing and symptomatic clinical improvements. Here, the effects of an S-based compound (NaSH) and of a specific sulphurous thermal water characterized by additional ions such as sodium chloride, bromine and iodine (STW) were investigated in terms of cytokine release and anti-oxidant enzyme activity in primary human monocytes and in saliva from 50 airway disease patients subjected to thermal treatments. In vitro, NaSH efficiently blocked the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and counterbalanced the formation of ROS. Despite STW not recapitulating these results, possibly due to the low concentration of S-based compounds reached at the minimum non-toxic dilution, we found that it enhanced the release of IL-10, a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine. Notably, higher levels of IL-10 were also observed in patients' saliva following STW treatment and this increase correlated positively with salivary catalase activity (r2 = 0.19, *p less than 0.01). To our knowledge, these results represent the first evidence suggesting that S-based compounds and STW may prove useful in facing chronic inflammatory and age-related illness due to combined anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Prandelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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