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Guo L, Huang E, Wang T, Ling Y, Li Z. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of asthma across multiple datasets. Ann Med 2024; 56:2258926. [PMID: 38489401 PMCID: PMC10946276 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2258926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory disorder, remains enigmatic, notwithstanding considerable advancements in our comprehension. Continuous efforts are crucial for discovering novel molecular targets and gaining a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we analyzed gene expression data from 212 individuals, including asthma patients and healthy controls, to identify 267 differentially expressed genes, among which C1orf64 and C7orf26 emerged as potential key genes in asthma pathogenesis. Various bioinformatics tools, including differential gene expression analysis, pathway enrichment, drug target prediction, and single-cell analysis, were employed to explore the potential roles of the genes. RESULTS Quantitative PCR demonstrated differential expression of C1orf64 and C7orf26 in the asthmatic airway epithelial tissue, implying their potential involvement in asthma pathogenesis. GSEA enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of these genes in signaling pathways associated with asthma progression, such as ABC transporters, cell cycle, CAMs, DNA replication, and the Notch signaling pathway. Drug target prediction, based on upregulated and downregulated differential expression, highlighted potential asthma treatments, including Tyrphostin-AG-126, Cephalin, Verrucarin-a, and Emetine. The selection of these drugs was based on their significance in the analysis and their established anti-inflammatory and antiviral invasion properties. Utilizing Seurat and Celldex packages for single-cell sequencing analysis unveiled disease-specific gene expression patterns and cell types. Expression of C1orf64 and C7orf26 in T cells, NK cells, and B cells, instrumental in promoting hallmark features of asthma, was observed, suggesting their potential influence on asthma development and progression. CONCLUSION This study uncovers novel genetic aspects of asthma, highlighting potential therapeutic pathways. It exemplifies the power of integrative bioinformatics in decoding complex disease patterns. However, these findings require further validation, and the precise roles of C1orf64 and C7orf26 in asthma warrant additional investigation to validate their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianshan Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Enhao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tongting Wang
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengzhao Li
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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2
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Sharma S, Gerber AN, Kraft M, Wenzel SE. Asthma Pathogenesis: Phenotypes, Therapies, and Gaps: Summary of the Aspen Lung Conference 2023. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:154-168. [PMID: 38635858 PMCID: PMC11299090 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0082ws] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although substantial progress has been made in our understanding of asthma pathogenesis and phenotypes over the nearly 60-year history of the Aspen Lung Conferences on asthma, many ongoing challenges exist in our understanding of the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of the disease and an individual patient's response to therapy. This report summarizes the proceedings of the 2023 Aspen Lung Conference, which was organized to review the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of asthma and to better understand the impact of genetic, environmental, cellular, and molecular influences on disease susceptibility, heterogeneity, and severity. The goals of the conference were to review new information about asthma phenotypes, cellular processes, and cellular signatures underlying disease heterogeneity and treatment response. The report concludes with ongoing gaps in our understanding of asthma pathobiology and provides some recommendations for future research to better understand the clinical and basic mechanisms underlying disease heterogeneity in asthma and to advance the development of new treatments for this growing public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Sharma
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Anthony N. Gerber
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Monica Kraft
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York; and
| | - Sally E. Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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3
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Liegeois MA, Braunreuther M, Charbit AR, Raymond WW, Tang M, Woodruff PG, Christenson SA, Castro M, Erzurum SC, Israel E, Jarjour NN, Levy BD, Moore WC, Wenzel SE, Fuller GG, Fahy JV. Peroxidase-mediated mucin cross-linking drives pathologic mucus gel formation in IL-13-stimulated airway epithelial cells. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e181024. [PMID: 38889046 PMCID: PMC11383604 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.181024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucus plugs occlude airways to obstruct airflow in asthma. Studies in patients and in mouse models show that mucus plugs occur in the context of type 2 inflammation, and studies in human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) show that IL-13-activated cells generate pathologic mucus independently of immune cells. To determine how HAECs autonomously generate pathologic mucus, we used a magnetic microwire rheometer to characterize the viscoelastic properties of mucus secreted under varying conditions. We found that normal HAEC mucus exhibited viscoelastic liquid behavior and that mucus secreted by IL-13-activated HAECs exhibited solid-like behavior caused by mucin cross-linking. In addition, IL-13-activated HAECs shows increased peroxidase activity in apical secretions, and an overlaid thiolated polymer (thiomer) solution shows an increase in solid behavior that was prevented by peroxidase inhibition. Furthermore, gene expression for thyroid peroxidase (TPO), but not lactoperoxidase (LPO), was increased in IL-13-activated HAECs and both TPO and LPO catalyze the formation of oxidant acids that cross-link thiomer solutions. Finally, gene expression for TPO in airway epithelial brushings was increased in patients with asthma with high airway mucus plug scores. Together, our results show that IL-13-activated HAECs autonomously generated pathologic mucus via peroxidase-mediated cross-linking of mucin polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude A Liegeois
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Annabelle R Charbit
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wilfred W Raymond
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Monica Tang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stephanie A Christenson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Serpil C Erzurum
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Elliot Israel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wendy C Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gerald G Fuller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - John V Fahy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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4
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Cao Z, Li Q, Wu J, Li Y. Causal association of rheumatoid arthritis with obstructive lung disease: Evidence from Mendelian randomization study. Heart Lung 2023; 62:35-42. [PMID: 37302263 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have found an association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and risk of obstructive lung disease (ORDs). However, whether RA plays a role in ORDs development remains unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the causal association of RA with ORDs. METHODS Both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were employed. Summary statistics for RA were obtained from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis, and the GWAS data source of ORDs, including the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, was accessed from the FinnGen Biobank. Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect Estimates (CAUSE) method was used to improve statistical power. multivariable and two-step mediation MR was applied to calculate the independent and mediated effects. RESULTS The causal estimates by univariable and CAUSE results indicated genetic predisposition to RA had an effect on the increased risk of asthma/COPD (A/C) (ORCAUSE = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02-1.04), COPD/asthma related infections (ACI) (ORCAUSE = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03) and COPD/asthma related pneumonia or pneumonia derived septicemia (ACP) (ORCAUSE = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03). Genetic predisposition to RA was significantly associated with early onset COPD (ORCAUSE = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03) and asthma (ORCAUSE = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03) risk and suggestively associated with non-allergic asthma (nAA) risk. After adjustment for confounders, independent causal effects remained for the associations of RA with risk of A/C, ACI, and ACP, as well as COPD, early-onset COPD, and asthma [total, nAA and allergic asthma (AA)] risk. Mediation analyses revealed no potential mediator. CONCLUSION This study indicates a causal effect of increased genetic predisposition to RA on an increased risk of ORDs, including COPD and asthma, especially early-onset COPD and nAA, and on asthma/COPD related infections, pneumonia or pneumonia derived septicemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiangxiang Li
- Ningxia Geriatric Disease Clinical Research Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750001, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (Sub-center of Ningxia), Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750001, China; Hunan People's Hospital, Geriatrics Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, China, Changsha 410002, China
| | - Jianhuang Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yajia Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Qian G, Jiang W, Sun D, Sun Z, Chen A, Fang H, Wang J, Liu Y, Yin Z, Wei H, Fang H, Zhang X. B-cell-derived IL-10 promotes allergic sensitization in asthma regulated by Bcl-3. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1313-1327. [PMID: 37653127 PMCID: PMC10616210 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01079-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeroallergen sensitization, mainly mediated by lung epithelium and dendritic cells (DCs), is integral to allergic asthma pathogenesis and progression. IL-10 has a dual role in immune responses, as it inhibits myeloid cell activation but promotes B-cell responses and epithelial cell proliferation. Here, we report a proinflammatory function of B-cell-derived IL-10 modulated by Bcl-3 in allergic asthma. Specifically, Bcl-3-/- mice showed elevated IL-10 levels and were found to be highly vulnerable to allergic asthma induced by house dust mites (HDMs). IL-10 had a positive correlation with the levels of the DC chemoattractant CCL-20 in HDM-sensitized mice and in patients with asthma and induced a selective increase in CCL-20 production by mouse lung epithelial cells. Blockade of IL-10 or IL-10 receptors during sensitization dampened both HDM-induced sensitization and asthma development. IL-10 levels peaked 4 h post sensitization with HDM and IL-10 was primarily produced by B cells under Bcl-3-Blimp-1-Bcl-6 regulation. Mice lacking B-cell-derived IL-10 displayed decreased lung epithelial CCL-20 production and diminished DC recruitment to the lungs upon HDM sensitization, thereby demonstrating resistance to HDM-induced asthma. Moreover, responses to HDM stimulation in Bcl-3-/- mice lacking B-cell-derived IL-10 were comparable to those in Bcl-3+/+ mice. The results revealed an unexpected role of B-cell-derived IL-10 in promoting allergic sensitization and demonstrated that Bcl-3 prevents HDM-induced asthma by inhibiting B-cell-derived IL-10 production. Thus, targeting the Bcl-3/IL-10 axis to inhibit allergic sensitization is a promising approach for treating allergic asthma. IL-10 is released rapidly from lung plasma cells under Bcl-3-Blimp-1-Bcl-6 regulation upon house dust mite exposure and amplifies lung epithelial cell (EC)-derived CCL-20 production and subsequent dendritic cell (DC) recruitment to promote allergic sensitization in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Qian
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital/Institute and GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 511436, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, 200001, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenxia Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Donglin Sun
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital/Institute and GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhun Sun
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital/Institute and GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anning Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital/Institute and GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyao Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital/Institute and GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 511436, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhong Liu
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Zhuhai People's Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, 230000, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 201100, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoren Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital/Institute and GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 511436, Guangzhou, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China.
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Pirmoradi S, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Zununi Vahed S, Homaei Rad H, Khamaneh AM, Akbarpour Z, Seyedrezazadeh E, Teshnehlab M, Chapman KR, Ansarin K. Unraveling the link between PTBP1 and severe asthma through machine learning and association rule mining method. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15399. [PMID: 37717070 PMCID: PMC10505163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease with great therapeutic challenges. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of severe asthma may help identify therapeutic strategies for this complex condition. RNA expression data were analyzed using a combination of artificial intelligence methods to identify novel genes related to severe asthma. Through the ANOVA feature selection approach, 100 candidate genes were selected among 54,715 mRNAs in blood samples of patients with severe asthmatic and healthy groups. A deep learning model was used to validate the significance of the candidate genes. The accuracy, F1-score, AUC-ROC, and precision of the 100 genes were 83%, 0.86, 0.89, and 0.9, respectively. To discover hidden associations among selected genes, association rule mining was applied. The top 20 genes including the PTBP1, RAB11FIP3, APH1A, and MYD88 were recognized as the most frequent items among severe asthma association rules. The PTBP1 was found to be the most frequent gene associated with severe asthma among those 20 genes. PTBP1 was the gene most frequently associated with severe asthma among candidate genes. Identification of master genes involved in the initiation and development of asthma can offer novel targets for its diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted-signaling therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Pirmoradi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Homaei Rad
- Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mahdi Khamaneh
- Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Akbarpour
- Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Seyedrezazadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Teshnehlab
- Department of Electric and Computer Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kenneth R Chapman
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
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7
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Xu T, Wu Z, Yuan Q, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wu C, Song M, Wu J, Jiang J, Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhang M, Huang M, Ji N. Proline is increased in allergic asthma and promotes airway remodeling. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167395. [PMID: 37432745 PMCID: PMC10543727 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proline and its synthesis enzyme pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) are implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), yet how proline and PYCR1 function in allergic asthmatic airway remodeling via EMT has not yet been addressed to our knowledge. In the present study, increased levels of plasma proline and PYCR1 were observed in patients with asthma. Similarly, proline and PYCR1 in lung tissues were high in a murine allergic asthma model induced by house dust mites (HDMs). Pycr1 knockout decreased proline in lung tissues, with reduced airway remodeling and EMT. Mechanistically, loss of Pycr1 restrained HDM-induced EMT by modulating mitochondrial fission, metabolic reprogramming, and the AKT/mTORC1 and WNT3a/β-catenin signaling pathways in airway epithelial cells. Therapeutic inhibition of PYCR1 in wild-type mice disrupted HDM-induced airway inflammation and remodeling. Deprivation of exogenous proline relieved HDM-induced airway remodeling to some extent. Collectively, this study illuminates that proline and PYCR1 involved with airway remodeling in allergic asthma could be viable targets for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chaojie Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingxian Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongqi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingshun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningfei Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Du L, Xu C, Tang K, Shi J, Tang L, Lisha X, Lei C, Liu H, Liang Y, Guo Y. Epithelial CST1 Promotes Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation in Asthma via the AKT Signaling Pathway. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 15:374-394. [PMID: 37075800 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.3.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epithelial cystatin SN (CST1), a type 2 cysteine protease inhibitor, was significantly upregulated in asthma. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role and mechanism of CST1 in eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis on Gene Expression Omnibus datasets were used to explore the expression of CST1 in asthma. Sputum samples were collected from 76 asthmatics and 22 control subjects. CST1 mRNA and protein expression in the induced sputum were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blotting. The possible function of CST1 was explored in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced eosinophilic asthma. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to predict the possible regulated mechanism of CST1 in bronchial epithelial cells. Overexpression or knockdown of CST1 was further used to verify potential mechanisms in bronchial epithelial cells. RESULTS CST1 expression was significantly increased in the epithelial cells and induced sputum of asthma. Increased CST1 was significantly associated with eosinophilic indicators and T helper cytokines. CST1 aggravated airway eosinophilic inflammation in the OVA-induced asthma model. In addition, overexpression of CST1 significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of AKT and the expression of serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 2 (SERPINB2), while knockdown using anti-CST1 siRNA reversed the trend. Furthermore, AKT had a positive effect on SERPINB2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Increased sputum CST1 may play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma through involvement in eosinophilic and type 2 inflammation through activation of the AKT signaling pathway, further promoting SERPINB2 expression. Therefore, targeting CST1 might be of therapeutic value in treating asthma with severe and eosinophilic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Du
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Changyi Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lisha
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Lei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huicong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxia Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yubiao Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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De Prado Gomez L, Pavord I, Busse W, Brightling CE, Wechsler ME, Rabe KF, Zhang M, Xing J, Jacob-Nara JA, Rowe PJ. Long-term effect of dupilumab on prevention of lung function decline in patients with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma: ATLAS trial design. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00417-2022. [PMID: 36891077 PMCID: PMC9986762 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00417-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many patients with asthma experience loss of lung function over time, and in certain patients this can lead to progressive obstructive patterns similar to COPD. Patients with severe asthma may experience accelerated lung function decline (LFD). However, characteristics and risk factors for LFD in asthma have not been well described. Dupilumab may prevent or slow the rate of LFD in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma. ATLAS trial is designed to evaluate the role of dupilumab in preventing/slowing LFD over a period of 3 years versus standard-of-care therapy. Methods ATLAS (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT05097287) is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study that will include adult patients with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma. ∼1828 patients will be randomised (2:1) to dupilumab 300 mg or placebo in combination with maintenance therapy every 2 weeks for 3 years. The primary objective is to assess the effect of dupilumab on preventing or slowing LFD by year 1 in the exhaled nitric oxide fraction (F eNO) population (patients with F eNO ≥35 ppb). The effect of dupilumab in slowing the rate of LFD by year 2 and year 3 in both F eNO and total populations, exacerbations, asthma control, quality of life, biomarker changes and utility of F eNO as a biomarker of LFD will also be evaluated. Discussion ATLAS is the first trial assessing the effect of a biologic on LFD, designed to establish the role of dupilumab in prevention of long-term loss of lung function and its potential effect on disease modification, which may provide unique insights into asthma pathophysiology, including predictive and prognostic factors of LFD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Pavord
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - William Busse
- UW Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Center, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Klaus F Rabe
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf (member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Grosshansdorf, Germany.,Christian-Albrechts University (member of the DZL), ARCN, Kiel, Germany
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10
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Ray A, Das J, Wenzel SE. Determining asthma endotypes and outcomes: Complementing existing clinical practice with modern machine learning. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100857. [PMID: 36543110 PMCID: PMC9798025 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is unprecedented opportunity to use machine learning to integrate high-dimensional molecular data with clinical characteristics to accurately diagnose and manage disease. Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous disease and cannot be solely explained by an aberrant type 2 (T2) immune response. Available and emerging multi-omics datasets of asthma show dysregulation of different biological pathways including those linked to T2 mechanisms. While T2-directed biologics have been life changing for many patients, they have not proven effective for many others despite similar biomarker profiles. Thus, there is a great need to close this gap to understand asthma heterogeneity, which can be achieved by harnessing and integrating the rich multi-omics asthma datasets and the corresponding clinical data. This article presents a compendium of machine learning approaches that can be utilized to bridge the gap between predictive biomarkers and actual causal signatures that are validated in clinical trials to ultimately establish true asthma endotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Ray
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3459 Fifth Avenue, MUH 628 NW, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Jishnu Das
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3459 Fifth Avenue, MUH 628 NW, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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11
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Identification of miRNA-mRNA-TFs regulatory network and crucial pathways involved in asthma through advanced systems biology approaches. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271262. [PMID: 36264868 PMCID: PMC9584516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a life-threatening and chronic inflammatory lung disease that is posing a true global health challenge. The genetic basis of the disease is fairly well examined. However, the molecular crosstalk between microRNAs (miRNAs), target genes, and transcription factors (TFs) networks and their contribution to disease pathogenesis and progression is not well explored. Therefore, this study was aimed at dissecting the molecular network between mRNAs, miRNAs, and TFs using robust computational biology approaches. The transcriptomic data of bronchial epithelial cells of severe asthma patients and healthy controls was studied by different systems biology approaches like differentially expressed gene detection, functional enrichment, miRNA-target gene pairing, and mRNA-miRNA-TF molecular networking. We detected the differential expression of 1703 (673 up-and 1030 down-regulated) genes and 71 (41 up-and 30 down-regulated) miRNAs in the bronchial epithelial cells of asthma patients. The DEGs were found to be enriched in key pathways like IL-17 signaling (KEGG: 04657), Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation (KEGG: 04658), and the Th17 cell differentiation (KEGG: 04659) (p-values = 0.001). The results from miRNAs-target gene pairs-transcription factors (TFs) have detected the key roles of 3 miRs (miR-181a-2-3p; miR-203a-3p; miR-335-5p), 6 TFs (TFAM, FOXO1, GFI1, IRF2, SOX9, and HLF) and 32 miRNA target genes in eliciting autoimmune reactions in bronchial epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. Through systemic implementation of comprehensive system biology tools, this study has identified key miRNAs, TFs, and miRNA target gene pairs as potential tissue-based asthma biomarkers.
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12
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Zhang S, Lin K, Qiu J, Feng B, Wang J, Li J, Peng X, Ji R, Qiao L, Liang Y. Identification of potential key autophagy-related genes in asthma with bioinformatics approaches. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:7350-7361. [PMID: 36398258 PMCID: PMC9641494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway remodeling and inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated that multiple autophagy-related genes are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the roles of many of these autophagy-related genes in asthma remain unclear, particularly with regard to the diagnosis of asthma. METHODS In this study, autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in asthma were identified by bioinformatics analysis of the GSE76262 datasets. Hub genes were screened by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module analyses. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were used to explore potential signaling pathways. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of autophagy-related biomarkers in asthma. RESULTS A total of 17 autophagy-related DEGs were identified, most of which were involved in autophagy and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum signaling pathway. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the hub genes (HIF1A, ERN1, and DNAJB1) identified from the PPI network exhibited good performance in the diagnosis of asthma. The GSE137268 and GSE43696 databases were used to verify the expression of 17 autophagy-related DEGs in asthma. Interestingly, ERN1 was an overlapping gene defined by the intersection of hub autophagy-related DEGs and key modules (including HIF1A, ERN1, and DNAJB1). We also analyzed the interaction between miRNAs and mRNAs for 14 autophagy-related DEGs with an area under the curve > 0.7. The identified genes were involved in the glypican, interferon-gamma, and plasma membrane estrogen receptor signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that specific signaling pathways and autophagy-related DEGs are potential diagnostic biomarkers related to the inception and progression of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian UniversityPutian 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000, China
| | - Xia Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000, China
| | - Renxin Ji
- The School of International Medical Technology of Shanghai Sanda UniversityShanghai 201209, China
| | - Longwei Qiao
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, School of Gusu, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Liang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Weare-Regales N, Chiarella SE, Cardet JC, Prakash YS, Lockey RF. Hormonal Effects on Asthma, Rhinitis, and Eczema. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2066-2073. [PMID: 35436605 PMCID: PMC9392967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hormones significantly influence the pathogenesis of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema. This review aims to summarize relevant clinical considerations for practicing allergists and immunologists. The first section reviews the effects of sex hormones: estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. The second concerns insulin production in the context of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The third concludes with a discussion of thyroid and adrenal pathology in relationship to asthma, rhinitis, and eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Weare-Regales
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, James A. Haley Veterans Administration, Tampa, Fla.
| | - Sergio E Chiarella
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Juan Carlos Cardet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Richard F Lockey
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, James A. Haley Veterans Administration, Tampa, Fla; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla
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14
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Bravo‐Solarte DC, Stelzig KE, Cuervo‐Pardo L, Berdnikovs S, Chiarella SE. Genomic evidence for dysregulated glutamine metabolism in the asthmatic airway epithelium. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12178. [PMID: 35813976 PMCID: PMC9254217 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly E. Stelzig
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Lyda Cuervo‐Pardo
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- Division of Allergy and ImmunologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
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15
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Signori D, Magliocca A, Hayashida K, Graw JA, Malhotra R, Bellani G, Berra L, Rezoagli E. Inhaled nitric oxide: role in the pathophysiology of cardio-cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases. Intensive Care Med Exp 2022; 10:28. [PMID: 35754072 PMCID: PMC9234017 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-022-00455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key molecule in the biology of human life. NO is involved in the physiology of organ viability and in the pathophysiology of organ dysfunction, respectively. In this narrative review, we aimed at elucidating the mechanisms behind the role of NO in the respiratory and cardio-cerebrovascular systems, in the presence of a healthy or dysfunctional endothelium. NO is a key player in maintaining multiorgan viability with adequate organ blood perfusion. We report on its physiological endogenous production and effects in the circulation and within the lungs, as well as the pathophysiological implication of its disturbances related to NO depletion and excess. The review covers from preclinical information about endogenous NO produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to the potential therapeutic role of exogenous NO (inhaled nitric oxide, iNO). Moreover, the importance of NO in several clinical conditions in critically ill patients such as hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension, hemolysis, cerebrovascular events and ischemia-reperfusion syndrome is evaluated in preclinical and clinical settings. Accordingly, the mechanism behind the beneficial iNO treatment in hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension is investigated. Furthermore, investigating the pathophysiology of brain injury, cardiopulmonary bypass, and red blood cell and artificial hemoglobin transfusion provides a focus on the potential role of NO as a protective molecule in multiorgan dysfunction. Finally, the preclinical toxicology of iNO and the antimicrobial role of NO-including its recent investigation on its role against the Sars-CoV2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic-are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Signori
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Aurora Magliocca
- Department of Medical Physiopathology and Transplants, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Kei Hayashida
- Laboratory for Critical Care Physiology, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jan A Graw
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, CCM/CVK Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- ARDS/ECMO Centrum Charité, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giacomo Bellani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Berra
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Respiratory Care Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emanuele Rezoagli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
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16
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Understanding the Cellular Sources of the Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) and Its Role as a Biomarker of Type 2 Inflammation in Asthma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5753524. [PMID: 35547356 PMCID: PMC9085317 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5753524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has gained great clinical importance as a biomarker of type 2 inflammation in chronic airway diseases such as asthma. FeNO originates primarily in the bronchial epithelium and is produced in large quantities by the enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). It should be noted that nitric oxide (NO) produced at femtomolar to picomolar levels is fundamental for respiratory physiology. This basal production is induced in the bronchial epithelium by interferon gamma (IFNγ) via Janus kinases (JAK)/STAT-1 signaling. However, when there is an increase in the expression of type 2 inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13, the STAT-6 pathway is activated, leading to overexpression of iNOS and consequently to an overproduction of airway NO. Increased NO levels contributes to bronchial hyperreactivity and mucus hypersecretion, increases vascular permeability, reduces ciliary heartbeat, and promotes free radical production, airway inflammation, and tissue damage. In asthmatic patients, FeNO levels usually rise above 25 parts per billion (ppb) and its follow-up helps to define asthma phenotype and to monitor the effectiveness of corticosteroid treatment and adherence to treatment. FeNO is also very useful to identify those severe asthma patients that might benefit of personalized therapies with monoclonal antibodies. In this review, we revised the cellular and molecular mechanisms of NO production in the airway and its relevance as a biomarker of type 2 inflammation in asthma.
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17
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Portelli MA, Rakkar K, Hu S, Guo Y, Adcock IM, Sayers I. Translational Analysis of Moderate to Severe Asthma GWAS Signals Into Candidate Causal Genes and Their Functional, Tissue-Dependent and Disease-Related Associations. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 2:738741. [PMID: 35386986 PMCID: PMC8974692 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.738741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma affects more than 300 million people globally and is both under diagnosed and under treated. The most recent and largest genome-wide association study investigating moderate to severe asthma to date was carried out in 2019 and identified 25 independent signals. However, as new and in-depth downstream databases become available, the translational analysis of these signals into target genes and pathways is timely. In this study, unique (U-BIOPRED) and publicly available datasets (HaploReg, Open Target Genetics and GTEx) were investigated for the 25 GWAS signals to identify 37 candidate causal genes. Additional traits associated with these signals were identified through PheWAS using the UK Biobank resource, with asthma and eosinophilic traits amongst the strongest associated. Gene expression omnibus dataset examination identified 13 candidate genes with altered expression profiles in the airways and blood of asthmatic subjects, including MUC5AC and STAT6. Gene expression analysis through publicly available datasets highlighted lung tissue cell specific expression, with both MUC5AC and SLC22A4 genes showing enriched expression in ciliated cells. Gene enrichment pathway and interaction analysis highlighted the dominance of the HLA-DQA1/A2/B1/B2 gene cluster across many immunological diseases including asthma, type I diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. Interaction and prediction analyses found IL33 and IL18R1 to be key co-localization partners for other genes, predicted that CD274 forms co-expression relationships with 13 other genes, including the HLA-DQA1/A2/B1/B2 gene cluster and that MUC5AC and IL37 are co-expressed. Drug interaction analysis revealed that 11 of the candidate genes have an interaction with available therapeutics. This study provides significant insight into these GWAS signals in the context of cell expression, function, and disease relationship with the view of informing future research and drug development efforts for moderate-severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Portelli
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kamini Rakkar
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sile Hu
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yike Guo
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Adcock
- The National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Sayers
- Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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18
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common condition affecting approximately 1% of the general population. RA is a multisystem disorder that causes progressive articular destruction through synovial inflammation. One of the most common extraarticular manifestations of RA is pulmonary involvement, where all compartments of the pulmonary system can be impacted (e.g., pulmonary vasculature, pleura, parenchyma, and the airways). Although it has been known for decades that a portion of patients with RA develop interstitial lung disease, and recent advancements in understanding the genetic risk and treatment for RA-interstitial lung disease have drawn attention, more recent data have begun to highlight the significance of airway disease in patients with RA. Yet, little is known about the underlying pathogenesis, clinical impact, or optimal treatment strategies for airway disease in RA. This review will focus on airway disease involvement in patients with RA by highlighting areas of clinical inquiry for pulmonologists and rheumatologists and discuss areas for future research. Finally, we discuss a potential screening algorithm for providers when approaching patients with RA with respiratory complaints.
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19
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Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Goel S, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Hafezi S, Al Heialy S, Hachim MY, Hachim IY, Mahboub B, Salameh L, Abdelrazig M, Elzain EI, Al-Muhsen S, Al-Hajjaj MS, Ratemi E, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Asthma Associated Cytokines Regulate the Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 in the Lung Tissue of Asthmatic Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 12:796094. [PMID: 35111161 PMCID: PMC8801531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.796094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It is still controversial whether chronic lung inflammation increases the risk for COVID-19. One of the risk factors for acquiring COVID-19 is the level of expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2, in lung tissue. It is, however, not clear how lung tissue inflammation affects expression levels of these receptors. We hence aimed to determine the level of SARS-CoV-2 receptors in lung tissue of asthmatic relative to age, gender, and asthma severity, and to investigate the factors regulating that. Therefore, gene expression data sets of well-known asthmatic cohorts (SARP and U-BIOPRED) were used to evaluate the association of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 with age, gender of the asthmatic patients, and also the type of the underlying lung tissue inflammatory cytokines. Notably, ACE2 and to less extent TMPRSS2 expression were upregulated in the lung tissue of asthmatics compared to healthy controls. Although a differential expression of ACE2, but not TMPRSS2 was observed relative to age within the moderate and severe asthma groups, our data suggest that age may not be a key regulatory factor of its expression. The type of tissue inflammation, however, associated significantly with ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression levels following adjusting with age, gender and oral corticosteroids use of the patient. Type I cytokine (IFN-γ), IL-8, and IL-19 were associated with increased expression, while Type II cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) with lower expression of ACE2 in lung tissue (airway epithelium and/or lung biopsies) of moderate and severe asthmatic patients. Of note, IL-19 was associated with ACE2 expression while IL-17 was associated with TMPRSS2 expression in sputum of asthmatic subjects. In vitro treatment of bronchial fibroblasts with IL-17 and IL-19 cytokines confirmed the regulatory effect of these cytokines on SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors. Our results suggest that the type of inflammation may regulate ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in the lung tissue of asthmatics and may hence affect susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Swati Goel
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shirin Hafezi
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Al Heialy
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mahmood Yaseen Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Yaseen Hachim
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam Mahboub
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laila Salameh
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mawada Abdelrazig
- Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Saleh Al-Muhsen
- Immunology Research Lab, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Al-Hajjaj
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elaref Ratemi
- Jubail-Industrial College, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail-Industrial City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Chair, department of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Zhang Q, Xi G, Yin J. Artemisia sieversiana pollen allergy and immunotherapy in mice. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:13654-13664. [PMID: 35035704 PMCID: PMC8748105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a murine model of asthma using Artemisia sieversiana pollen extract (ASE) and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) without an adjuvant. BALB/c mice were sensitized subcutaneously with 25 μg of ASE and challenged with 0.1% ASE aerosol. To investigate the efficacy of SCIT, mice were subcutaneously injected with 0.3 mg ASE without adjuvant once a week for 8 weeks, followed by challenge for 3 additional days. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, cytokine levels of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, histopathology of the lung, and serum allergen-specific serum IgE and IgG2a levels were assessed following the final challenge. Mice sensitized with ASE developed AHR and had significantly higher interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels as well as lower IL-12 level than those of control mice. Moreover, mice sensitized with ASE showed increased plasma levels of allergen-specific IgE, and histologic analyses showed peribranchial infiltration of inflammatory cells and mucosal hyperplasia. After SCIT, allergic symptoms and immunological parameters were effectively improved, and the plasma level of allergen-specific IgG2a was significantly increased cmpared to that in the vehicle group. These findings described successful development of an A. sieversiana pollen-induced asthma model in BALB/c mice, with in vivo findings revealing that SCIT without adjuvant significantly improved the symptoms and pathophysiology of asthmatic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment on Allergic DiseasesBeijing 100730, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic DiseasesBeijing 100034, China
| | - Guangpeng Xi
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment on Allergic DiseasesBeijing 100730, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic DiseasesBeijing 100034, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment on Allergic DiseasesBeijing 100730, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic DiseasesBeijing 100034, China
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21
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Khatri SB, Iaccarino JM, Barochia A, Soghier I, Akuthota P, Brady A, Covar RA, Debley JS, Diamant Z, Fitzpatrick AM, Kaminsky DA, Kenyon NJ, Khurana S, Lipworth BJ, McCarthy K, Peters M, Que LG, Ross KR, Schneider-Futschik EK, Sorkness CA, Hallstrand TS. Use of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide to Guide the Treatment of Asthma: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 204:e97-e109. [PMID: 34779751 PMCID: PMC8759314 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202109-2093st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) test is a point-of-care test that is used in the assessment of asthma. Objective: To provide evidence-based clinical guidance on whether FENO testing is indicated to optimize asthma treatment in patients with asthma in whom treatment is being considered. Methods: An international, multidisciplinary panel of experts was convened to form a consensus document regarding a single question relevant to the use of FENO. The question was selected from three potential questions based on the greatest perceived impact on clinical practice and the unmet need for evidence-based answers related to this question. The panel performed systematic reviews of published randomized controlled trials between 2004 and 2019 and followed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) evidence-to-decision framework to develop recommendations. All panel members evaluated and approved the recommendations. Main Results: After considering the overall low quality of the evidence, the panel made a conditional recommendation for FENO-based care. In patients with asthma in whom treatment is being considered, we suggest that FENO is beneficial and should be used in addition to usual care. This judgment is based on a balance of effects that probably favors the intervention; the moderate costs and availability of resources, which probably favors the intervention; and the perceived acceptability and feasibility of the intervention in daily practice. Conclusions: Clinicians should consider this recommendation to measure FENO in patients with asthma in whom treatment is being considered based on current best available evidence.
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22
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Li B, Sun WX, Zhang WY, Zheng Y, Qiao L, Hu YM, Li WQ, Liu D, Leng B, Liu JR, Jiang XF, Zhang Y. The Transcriptome Characteristics of Severe Asthma From the Prospect of Co-Expressed Gene Modules. Front Genet 2021; 12:765400. [PMID: 34759961 PMCID: PMC8573341 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.765400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease with multiple molecular mechanisms. Gene expression studies of asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells have provided biological insights and underscored possible pathological mechanisms; however, the molecular basis in severe asthma is still poorly understood. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the features of asthma and uncover the molecular basis of severe asthma in distinct molecular phenotype. Methods: The k-means clustering and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed in 129 asthma individuals in the Severe Asthma Research Program. The DEG profiles were analyzed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and the expression value of each gene module in each individual was annotated by gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Results: Expression analysis defined five stable asthma subtype (AS): 1) Phagocytosis-Th2, 2) Normal-like, 3) Neutrophils, 4) Mucin-Th2, and 5) Interferon-Th1 and 15 co-expressed gene modules. “Phagocytosis-Th2” enriched for receptor-mediated endocytosis, upregulation of Toll-like receptor signal, and myeloid leukocyte activation. “Normal-like” is most similar to normal samples. “Mucin-Th2” preferentially expressed genes involved in O-glycan biosynthesis and unfolded protein response. “Interferon-Th1” displayed upregulation of genes that regulate networks involved in cell cycle, IFN gamma response, and CD8 TCR. The dysregulation of neural signal, REDOX, apoptosis, and O-glycan process were related to the severity of asthma. In non-TH2 subtype (Neutrophils and Interferon-Th1) with severe asthma individuals, the neural signals and IL26-related co-expression module were dysregulated more significantly compared to that in non-severe asthma. These data infer differences in the molecular evolution of asthma subtypes and identify opportunities for therapeutic development. Conclusions: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease. The co-expression analysis provides new insights into the biological mechanisms related to its phenotypes and the severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Computational Biology Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wan-Ying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lu Qiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue-Ming Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bing Leng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia-Ren Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Computational Biology Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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23
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DRP1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission Regulates Lung Epithelial Response to Allergen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011125. [PMID: 34681784 PMCID: PMC8540036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria regulate a myriad of cellular functions. Dysregulation of mitochondrial control within airway epithelial cells has been implicated in the pro-inflammatory response to allergens in asthma patients. Because of their multifaceted nature, mitochondrial structure must be tightly regulated through fission and fusion. Dynamin Related Protein 1 (DRP1) is a key driver of mitochondrial fission. During allergic asthma, airway epithelial mitochondria appear smaller and structurally altered. The role of DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission, however, has not been fully elucidated in epithelial response to allergens. We used a Human Bronchial Epithelial Cell line (HBECs), primary Mouse Tracheal Epithelial Cells (MTECs), and conditional DRP1 ablation in lung epithelial cells to investigate the impact of mitochondrial fission on the pro-inflammatory response to house dust mite (HDM) in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that, following HDM challenge, mitochondrial fission is rapidly upregulated in airway epithelial cells and precedes production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Further, deletion of Drp1 in lung epithelial cells leads to decreased fission and enhanced pro-inflammatory signaling in response to HDM in vitro, as well as enhanced airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), inflammation, differential mucin transcription, and epithelial cell death in vivo. Mitochondrial fission, therefore, regulates the lung epithelial pro-inflammatory response to HDM.
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24
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Camiolo MJ, Kale SL, Oriss TB, Gauthier M, Ray A. Immune responses and exacerbations in severe asthma. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 72:34-42. [PMID: 33773471 PMCID: PMC8460694 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma as a clinical entity manifests with a broad spectrum of disease severity. Unlike milder asthma, severe disease is poorly controlled by inhaled corticosteroids, the current standard of care. Transcriptomic data, along with patient characteristics and response to biologics show that though Type 2 (T2) immune response remains an integral feature of asthma, additional molecular and immunologic factors may play important roles in pathogenesis. Mechanisms of T2 development, cellular sources of T2 cytokines and their relationship to additional immune pathways concurrently activated may distinguish several different subphenotypes, and perhaps endotypes of asthma, with differential response to non-specific and targeted anti-inflammatory therapies. Recent data have also associated non-T2 cytokines derived from T cells, particularly IFN-γ, and epithelial mediators with severe asthma. These topics and their relationships to acute asthma exacerbations are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Camiolo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sagar L Kale
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy B Oriss
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marc Gauthier
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anuradha Ray
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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25
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Zhu F, Jiao J, Zhuang P, Huang M, Zhang Y. Association of exposures to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with allergic symptoms: A population-based nationwide cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117068. [PMID: 33892368 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases have been one of the leading causes of chronic disorders in the United States. Animal studies have suggested that exposures to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate could induce allergic inflammation. However, the associations have not been examined among general populations. Here, we investigated data of 7030 participants aged ≥6 years from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. Urinary levels of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were measured by ion chromatography combined with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Information on allergic symptoms (hay fever, allergy, rash, sneeze, wheeze, eczema, and current asthma) was collected by questionnaire. Allergic sensitization was defined by a concentration ≥150 kU/L for total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. The associations were estimated using multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models. A positive association was observed for urinary nitrate and eczema (p < 0.001 for the trend). Compared with quartile 1 (lowest quartile), the odds ratios of eczema with 95% confidence intervals [ORs (95% CIs)] from quartiles 2 to 4 were 1.72 (95% CI, 1.41, 2.09), 1.94 (1.53, 2.47) and 2.10 (1.49, 2.97) for urinary nitrate. In addition, urinary thiocyanate was positively related to sneeze (ORQ4 vs. Q1: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.55; p = 0.015 for the trend). However, urinary perchlorate was not correlated with any allergic-related outcome. Additionally, the associations were different among subgroups in a four-level polytomous model. Thus, our results suggested that exposures to nitrate and thiocyanate may be associated with allergic symptoms. Further investigations are warranted to concentrate on the practical strategies to monitor exposure levels and the latent mechanisms of the relationship between exposure and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghuan Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengmeng Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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26
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Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Goel S, Mahboub B, Ansari AW, Temsah MH, Zakri AM, Ratemi E, Hamoudi R, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Upregulation of interleukin-19 in severe asthma: a potential saliva biomarker for asthma severity. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00984-2020. [PMID: 34322544 PMCID: PMC8311130 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00984-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-19, a designated IL-20 subfamily cytokine, has been implicated in inflammatory disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and, lately, asthma. Here, through the analysis of transcriptomic datasets of lung tissue of large asthma cohorts, we report that IL-19 expression is upregulated in asthma and correlates with disease severity. The gene expression of IL-19 was significantly higher in lung tissue from patients with severe and mild/moderate asthma compared to healthy controls. IL-19 protein level, however, was significantly higher in the blood and saliva of patients with severe asthma compared to mild/moderate subgroups as measured by ELISA assay. IL-19 protein level was not affected by corticosteroid treatment in plasma. Our data provide insights into the potential use of IL-19 as a saliva marker for asthma severity and a potential therapeutic target. Plasma and saliva IL-19 are significantly upregulated in asthma and correlate with disease severity. Plasma IL-19 is not affected by steroid treatment. This suggests that IL-19 can be used as a biomarker of asthma severity.https://bit.ly/2QfYwpc
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Swati Goel
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam Mahboub
- Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Wahid Ansari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- Immunology Research Lab, Dept of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Sharjah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M Zakri
- Dept of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elaref Ratemi
- Dept of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Dept of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Dept of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Dept of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Dept of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Di Cicco M, Peroni DG, Ragazzo V, Comberiati P. Application of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in pediatric asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 21:151-158. [PMID: 33620882 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fractional concentration of Nitric Oxide in the exhaled air (FeNO) is a moderately good biomarker of type-2 airway inflammation, and its measurement is feasible also in children. The available evidence is still not enough to support the routine use of FeNO to diagnose or manage asthma in every patient in clinical practice. However, its role in identifying asthma with eosinophilic inflammation is of particular interest in the management of severe asthma. RECENT FINDINGS In healthy subjects, FeNO levels increase with age and height, particularly in males, and are also influenced by ethnicity. FeNO measurement can support asthma diagnosis and help in predicting asthma development later in life in young children with recurrent wheezing. FeNO-guided asthma management is effective in reducing asthma exacerbations but may result in a higher daily dose of inhaled corticosteroids. FeNO can also be used as a marker to evaluate adherence to asthma treatment and predict response to different biologicals, especially Omalizumab and Dupilumab. SUMMARY This review outlines recent data on the application of FeNO in childhood-onset asthma diagnosis and management, as well as in phenotyping subjects with severe asthma who may benefit from monoclonal antibodies administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Di Cicco
- Pediatrics Unit, Pisa University Hospital
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Diego Giampietro Peroni
- Pediatrics Unit, Pisa University Hospital
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Vincenzo Ragazzo
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Division, Women's and Children's Health Department, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Italy
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Pediatrics Unit, Pisa University Hospital
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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28
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Wenzel SE. Severe Adult Asthmas: Integrating Clinical Features, Biology, and Therapeutics to Improve Outcomes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 203:809-821. [PMID: 33326352 PMCID: PMC8017568 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202009-3631ci] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation and effective management of asthma, and in particular severe asthma, remains at the core of pulmonary practice. Over the last 20-30 years, there has been increasing appreciation that "severe asthma" encompasses multiple different subgroups or phenotypes, each with differing presentations. Using clinical phenotyping, in combination with rapidly advancing molecular tools and targeted monoclonal antibodies (human knockouts), the understanding of these phenotypes, and our ability to treat them, have greatly advanced. Type-2 (T2)-high and -low severe asthmas are now easily identified. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide and blood eosinophil counts can be routinely employed in clinical settings to identify these phenotypes and predict responses to specific therapies, meeting the initial goals of precision medicine. Integration of molecular signals, biomarkers, and clinical responses to targeted therapies has enabled identification of critical molecular pathways and, in certain phenotypes, advanced them to near-endotype status. Despite these advances, little guidance is available to determine which class of biologic is appropriate for a given patient, and current "breakthrough" therapies remain expensive and even inaccessible to many patients. Many of the most severe asthmas, with and without T2-biomarker elevations, remain poorly understood and treated. Nevertheless, conceptual understanding of "the severe asthmas" has evolved dramatically in a mere 25 years, leading to dramatic improvements in the lives of many.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh Asthma and Environmental Lung Health Institute at UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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29
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SARS-CoV-2 infection and smoking: What is the association? A brief review. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1654-1660. [PMID: 33777332 PMCID: PMC7985684 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The link between smoking and the expression of SARS-CoV-2 key entry genes is discussed. Smoking-related cardiac and respiratory diseases are risk factors for COVID-19. The impact of smoking on ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 receptors expression is controversial.
Susceptibility to severe illness from COVID-19 is anticipated to be associated with cigarette smoking as it aggravates the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory illness, including infections. This is particularly important with the advent of a new strain of coronaviruses, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that has led to the present pandemic, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although, the effects of smoking on COVID-19 are less described and controversial, we presume a link between smoking and COVID-19. Smoking has been shown to enhance the expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) key entry genes utilized by SARS-CoV-2 to infect cells and induce a ‘cytokine storm’, which further increases the severity of COVID-19 clinical course. Nevertheless, the impact of smoking on ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 receptors expression remains paradoxical. Thus, further research is necessary to unravel the association between smoking and COVID-19 and to pursue the development of potential novel therapies that are able to constrain the morbidity and mortality provoked by this infectious disease. Herein we present a brief overview of the current knowledge on the correlation between smoking and the expression of SARS-CoV-2 key entry genes, clinical manifestations, and disease progression.
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Key Words
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2
- ACEIs, Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors
- ADAM17, ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17
- ALCAM, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
- ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Ang, angiotensin
- BatCoV, bat coronavirus
- CLDN7, claudin 7
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- CTNNB1, catenin beta 1
- Coronavirus
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases
- HDAC6, histone deacetylase 6
- HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus 1
- IFN, Interferons
- IPF, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- IR, Ionizing radiation
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- Lung disease
- MCN, mucin
- MERS, middle-East respiratory syndrome
- NO, nitric oxide
- Oral disease
- R0, R-nought
- RAS, renin-angiotensin
- RR, relative risk
- SARS-CoV-2
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- Smoking
- TJP3, tight junction protein 3
- TMPRSS, transmembrane serine protease
- hrsACE2, human recombinant soluble ACE-2
- nAChR, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
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30
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The potency of lncRNA MALAT1/miR-155/CTLA4 axis in altering Th1/Th2 balance of asthma. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221794. [PMID: 31909418 PMCID: PMC7024843 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The present study examined if the metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)/miR-155/CTLA-4 axis was involved in modifying Th1/Th2 balance, a critical indicator for asthma progression. Methods: Altogether 772 asthma patients and 441 healthy controls were recruited, and their blood samples were collected to determine expressional levels of MALAT1, miR-155, CTLA-4, T-bet, GATA3, Th1-type cytokines and Th2-type cytokines. The CD4+ T cells were administered with pcDNA3.1-MALAT1, si-MALAT1, miR-155 mimic and miR-155 inhibitor to assess their effects on cytokine release. The luciferase reporter gene assay was also adopted to evaluate the sponging relationships between MALAT1 and miR-155, as well as between miR-155 and CTLA-4. Results: Over-expressed MALAT1 and under-expressed miR-155 were more frequently detected among asthma patients who showed traits of reduced forced expiratory failure volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1% of predicted (P<0.05). Moreover, MALAT1 expression was negatively expressed with the Th1/Th2 and T-bet/GATA3 ratios, yet miR-155 expression displayed a positively correlation with the ratios (P<0.05). Additionally, the IFN-γ, IL-2 and T-bet levels were reduced under the influence of pcDNA3.1-MALAT1 and miR-155 inhibitor, while levels of IL-4, IL-10 and GATA3 were raised under identical settings (P<0.05). Furthermore, MALAT1 constrained expression of miR-155 within CD4+ T cells by sponging it, and CTLA-4 could interfere with the effects of MALAT1 and miR-155 on Th1/Th2 balance and T-bet/Gata3 ratio (P<0.05). Conclusion: MALAT1 sponging miR-155 was involved with regulation of Th1/Th2 balance within CD4+ T cells, which might aid to develop therapies for amelioration of asthmatic inflammation.
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Chen O. Identification of biomarkers and pathogenesis in severe asthma by coexpression network analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:51. [PMID: 33602227 PMCID: PMC7893911 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease. The increase in precise immunotherapy for severe asthmatics requires a greater understanding of molecular mechanisms and biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to identify the underlying mechanisms and hub genes that determine asthma severity. METHODS Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on bronchial epithelial brushings from mild and severe asthmatics. Then, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify gene networks and the module most significantly associated with asthma severity. Furthermore, hub gene screening and functional enrichment analysis were performed. Replication with another dataset was conducted to validate the hub genes. RESULTS DEGs from 14 mild and 11 severe asthmatics were subjected to WGCNA. Six modules associated with asthma severity were identified. Three modules were positively correlated (P < 0.001) with asthma severity and contained genes that were upregulated in severe asthmatics. Functional enrichment analysis showed that genes in the most significant module were mainly enriched in neutrophil activation and degranulation, and cytokine receptor interaction. Hub genes included CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR1, CCR7, TLR2, FPR1, FCGR3B, FCGR2A, ITGAM, and PLEK; CXCR1, CXCR2, and TLR2 were significantly related to asthma severity in the validation dataset. The combination of ten hub genes exhibited a moderate ability to distinguish between severe and mild-moderate asthmatics. CONCLUSION Our results identified biomarkers and characterized potential pathogenesis of severe asthma, providing insight into treatment targets and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Ou Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, #44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012 China
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32
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Chang YD, Li CH, Tsai CH, Cheng YW, Kang JJ, Lee CC. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor deficiency enhanced airway inflammation and remodeling in a murine chronic asthma model. FASEB J 2020; 34:15300-15313. [PMID: 32959404 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001529r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent-activated transcriptional factor that regulates the metabolism of xenobiotic and endogenous compounds. Recent studies have shown that AhR is a novel master regulator of the mucosal immune system, including lungs and intestine. To elucidate the role of AhR in chronic severe asthma, AhR wild-type and knockout mice (AhR-/- ) were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin for 4 weeks. To uncover the underlying mechanisms, inflammatory cells profile and cytokines production were analyzed in bronchial lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue. Compared to wild-type mice, AhR-/- mice had exacerbated asthma symptoms, including airway inflammation, mucus production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. BALF monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes were all enhanced in OVA-immunized AhR-/- mice. In OVA-immunized AhR-/- mice, T helper (Th) 17 cell-specific cytokine IL-17A, as well as airway remodeling factors, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were all enhanced in lung tissue. Moreover, human cohort studies showed that AhR gene expression in bronchial epithelial cells decreases in severe asthma patients. Loss of AhR leads to worsening of allergic asthma symptoms, indicating its importance in maintaining normal lung function and mediating disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Di Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medicine University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Tsai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Jou Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chen Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medicine University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Ray A, Camiolo M, Fitzpatrick A, Gauthier M, Wenzel SE. Are We Meeting the Promise of Endotypes and Precision Medicine in Asthma? Physiol Rev 2020; 100:983-1017. [PMID: 31917651 PMCID: PMC7474260 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00023.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While the term asthma has long been known to describe heterogeneous groupings of patients, only recently have data evolved which enable a molecular understanding of the clinical differences. The evolution of transcriptomics (and other 'omics platforms) and improved statistical analyses in combination with large clinical cohorts opened the door for molecular characterization of pathobiologic processes associated with a range of asthma patients. When linked with data from animal models and clinical trials of targeted biologic therapies, emerging distinctions arose between patients with and without elevations in type 2 immune and inflammatory pathways, leading to the confirmation of a broad categorization of type 2-Hi asthma. Differences in the ratios, sources, and location of type 2 cytokines and their relation to additional immune pathway activation appear to distinguish several different (sub)molecular phenotypes, and perhaps endotypes of type 2-Hi asthma, which respond differently to broad and targeted anti-inflammatory therapies. Asthma in the absence of type 2 inflammation is much less well defined, without clear biomarkers, but is generally linked with poor responses to corticosteroids. Integration of "big data" from large cohorts, over time, using machine learning approaches, combined with validation and iterative learning in animal (and human) model systems is needed to identify the biomarkers and tightly defined molecular phenotypes/endotypes required to fulfill the promise of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Ray
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Medicine and of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Matthew Camiolo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Medicine and of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anne Fitzpatrick
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Medicine and of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marc Gauthier
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Medicine and of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Medicine and of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Smith JC, Sausville EL, Girish V, Yuan ML, Vasudevan A, John KM, Sheltzer JM. Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Inflammatory Signaling Increase the Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 in the Respiratory Tract. Dev Cell 2020; 53:514-529.e3. [PMID: 32425701 PMCID: PMC7229915 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The factors mediating fatal SARS-CoV-2 infections are poorly understood. Here, we show that cigarette smoke causes a dose-dependent upregulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, in rodent and human lungs. Using single-cell sequencing data, we demonstrate that ACE2 is expressed in a subset of secretory cells in the respiratory tract. Chronic smoke exposure triggers the expansion of this cell population and a concomitant increase in ACE2 expression. In contrast, quitting smoking decreases the abundance of these secretory cells and reduces ACE2 levels. Finally, we demonstrate that ACE2 expression is responsive to inflammatory signaling and can be upregulated by viral infections or interferon treatment. Taken together, these results may partially explain why smokers are particularly susceptible to severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. Furthermore, our work identifies ACE2 as an interferon-stimulated gene in lung cells, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infections could create positive feedback loops that increase ACE2 levels and facilitate viral dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan C Smith
- Google, Inc., New York City, NY 10011, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Erin L Sausville
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Vishruth Girish
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Monet Lou Yuan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Anand Vasudevan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Kristen M John
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Jason M Sheltzer
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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Novel Comprehensive Bioinformatics Approaches to Determine the Molecular Genetic Susceptibility Profile of Moderate and Severe Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114022. [PMID: 32512817 PMCID: PMC7312607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition linked to hyperresponsiveness in the airways. There is currently no cure available for asthma, and therapy choices are limited. Asthma is the result of the interplay between genes and the environment. The exact molecular genetic mechanism of asthma remains elusive. Aims: The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive, detailed molecular etiology profile for the molecular factors that regulate the severity of asthma and pathogenicity using integrative bioinformatics tools. Methods: The GSE43696 omnibus gene expression dataset, which contains 50 moderate cases, 38 severe cases, and 20 healthy controls, was used to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs), susceptible chromosomal loci, gene networks, pathways, gene ontologies, and protein–protein interactions (PPIs) using an intensive bioinformatics pipeline. Results: The PPI network analysis yielded DEGs that contribute to interactions that differ from moderate-to-severe asthma. The combined interaction scores resulted in higher interactions for the genes STAT3, AGO2, COL1A1, CLCN6, and KSR for moderate asthma and JAK2, INSR, ERBB2, NR3C1, and PTK6 for severe asthma. Enrichment analysis (EA) demonstrated differential enrichment between moderate and severe asthma phenotypes; the ion transport regulation pathway was significantly enhanced in severe asthma phenotypes compared to that in moderate asthma phenotypes and involved PER2, GCR, IRS-2, KCNK7, KCNK6, NOX1, and SCN7A. The most enriched common pathway in both moderate and severe asthma is the development of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling pathway followed by glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of proinflammatory and proconstrictory signaling in the airway of smooth muscle cell pathways. Gene sets were shared between severe and moderate asthma at 16 chromosome locations, including 17p13.1, 16p11.2, 17q21.31, 1p36, and 19q13.2, while 60 and 48 chromosomal locations were unique for both moderate and severe asthma, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis for DEGs showed that several genes have been intersected in phases of asthma in the same cluster of genes. This could indicate that several asthma-associated genes have a common ancestor and could be linked to the same biological function or gene family, implying the importance of these genes in the pathogenesis of asthma. Conclusion: New genetic risk factors for the development of moderate-to-severe asthma were identified in this study, and these could provide a better understanding of the molecular pathology of asthma and might provide a platform for the treatment of asthma.
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Cong X, Nagre N, Herrera J, Pearson AC, Pepper I, Morehouse R, Ji HL, Jiang D, Hubmayr RD, Zhao X. TRIM72 promotes alveolar epithelial cell membrane repair and ameliorates lung fibrosis. Respir Res 2020; 21:132. [PMID: 32471489 PMCID: PMC7257505 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic tissue injury was shown to induce progressive scarring in fibrotic diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), while an array of repair/regeneration and stress responses come to equilibrium to determine the outcome of injury at the organ level. In the lung, type I alveolar epithelial (ATI) cells constitute the epithelial barrier, while type II alveolar epithelial (ATII) cells play a pivotal role in regenerating the injured distal lungs. It had been demonstrated that eukaryotic cells possess repair machinery that can quickly patch the damaged plasma membrane after injury, and our previous studies discovered the membrane-mending role of Tripartite motif containing 72 (TRIM72) that expresses in a limited number of tissues including the lung. Nevertheless, the role of alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) repair in the pathogenesis of IPF has not been examined yet. Method In this study, we tested the specific roles of TRIM72 in the repair of ATII cells and the development of lung fibrosis. The role of membrane repair was accessed by saponin assay on isolated primary ATII cells and rat ATII cell line. The anti-fibrotic potential of TRIM72 was tested with bleomycin-treated transgenic mice. Results We showed that TRIM72 was upregulated following various injuries and in human IPF lungs. However, TRIM72 expression in ATII cells of the IPF lungs had aberrant subcellular localization. In vitro studies showed that TRIM72 repairs membrane injury of immortalized and primary ATIIs, leading to inhibition of stress-induced p53 activation and reduction in cell apoptosis. In vivo studies demonstrated that TRIM72 protects the integrity of the alveolar epithelial layer and reduces lung fibrosis. Conclusion Our results suggest that TRIM72 protects injured lungs and ameliorates fibrosis through promoting post-injury repair of AECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cong
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Nagaraja Nagre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
| | - Jeremy Herrera
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andrew C Pearson
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Ian Pepper
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Robell Morehouse
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Hong-Long Ji
- Texas Lung Injury Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rolf D Hubmayr
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA. .,National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Wang K, Verbakel JY, Oke J, Fleming-Nouri A, Brewin J, Roberts N, Harada N, Atsuta R, Takahashi K, Mori K, Fujisawa T, Shirai T, Kawayama T, Inoue H, Lazarus S, Szefler S, Martinez F, Shaw D, Pavord ID, Thomas M. Using fractional exhaled nitric oxide to guide step-down treatment decisions in patients with asthma: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2020; 55:13993003.02150-2019. [PMID: 32139458 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02150-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High exhaled nitric oxide fraction (F ENO) levels are associated with greater risk of asthma exacerbation. However, it is not clear how F ENO can be used to guide safe reductions in inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) doses in asthma patients. This study assesses the ability of F ENO to guide ICS reductions. METHODS Systematic searching of electronic databases identified prospective observational studies and randomised controlled trials which recruited participants with mild-to-moderate asthma aged ≥12 years and measured F ENO before reducing ICS. We performed multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression in relation to acute exacerbations and estimated each participant's exacerbation risk using our logistic regression model. RESULTS We included data from seven out of eight eligible studies, representing 384 participants. ICS doses were halved in four studies and withdrawn in three studies. A baseline F ENO measurement of ≥50 ppb was associated with increased risk of exacerbations (crude OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.41-7.00, p=0.005; adjusted OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.36-6.98, p=0.007) and corresponded to an estimated exacerbation risk cut-off of 15%. Reducing ICS when estimated exacerbation risk was <15% versus <10% would result in fewer patients remaining on the same ICS dose (40 (10.4%) out of 384 versus 141 (36.7%) out of 384), but similar proportions of patients avoiding exacerbations (222 (91.4%) out of 243, 95% CI 87.1-94.6% versus 311 (90.4%) out of 344, 95% CI 86.8-93.3%). CONCLUSION In patients with mild-to-moderate asthma, gradual ICS reduction when F ENO is <50 ppb may help decrease ICS use without increasing exacerbations. Future research should aim to validate these findings in larger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Wang
- Nuffield Dept of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan Y Verbakel
- KU Leuven, Dept of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jason Oke
- Nuffield Dept of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Josh Brewin
- Nuffield Dept of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nia Roberts
- Bodleian Health Care Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Norihiro Harada
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Atsuta
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Mori
- Second Division Dept of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hammamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division Dept of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hammamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Shirai
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Kawayama
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Inoue
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Stephen Lazarus
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stanley Szefler
- Children's Hospital Colorado, The Breathing Institute, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fernando Martinez
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Dominick Shaw
- Nottingham Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian D Pavord
- Oxford Respiratory NIHR BRC and Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Dept of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mike Thomas
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education (PPM), University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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He LL, Xu F, Zhan XQ, Chen ZH, Shen HH. Identification of critical genes associated with the development of asthma by co-expression modules construction. Mol Immunol 2020; 123:18-25. [PMID: 32388106 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a worldwide problem that is caused by complex underlying immune dysregulation. The identification of potential prognostic markers of asthma may provide information for treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore the key mechanisms involved in the development of asthma on the basis of microarray analysis. METHODS The expression profile data of GSE43696, which contains 20 endobronchial epithelial brushing samples from healthy patients and 88 from asthma patients, were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. For the present study, we built co-expression modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). This new analysis strategy was applied to the data set to investigate the relationships underlying the modules and the pathogenesis of asthma. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on these co-expression genes from the modules, and a gene network was then constructed. In addition, mouse models of HDM-induced and OVA-induced asthma were established, and the expression of hub genes was measured. RESULTS First, using WGCNA, 20 co-expression modules were constructed with 19,596 genes obtained from 108 human endobronchial epithelial brushing samples. The number of genes within the modules ranged from 41 to 845. According to the colours assigned by the system, the module positively correlated with asthma status was named 'red module', and the module positively correlated with asthma severity was named 'purple module'. The results of a functional enrichment analysis showed that the red module was mainly enriched in intracellular calcium-activated chloride channel activity, intracellular chloride channel activity and endopeptidase inhibitor activity. The purple module was mainly enriched in microtubule motor activity and microtubule-binding and motor activity. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of the 15 hub genes were confirmed to be significantly upregulated in the HDM mouse model, and 12 hub genes were upregulated in the OVA model. CONCLUSIONS The hub genes ANO7, PYCR1 and UBE2C might play potential roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. Our findings provided a framework of co-expression gene modules of asthma and led to the identification of some new markers that might be potential targets for the development of new drugs and diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu He
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Qin Zhan
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Hao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.
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Huang Y, Liu H, Zuo L, Tao A. Key genes and co-expression modules involved in asthma pathogenesis. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8456. [PMID: 32117613 PMCID: PMC7003696 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Machine learning and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) have been widely used due to its well-known accuracy in the biological field. However, due to the nature of a gene’s multiple functions, it is challenging to locate the exact genes involved in complex diseases such as asthma. In this study, we combined machine learning and WGCNA in order to analyze the gene expression data of asthma for better understanding of associated pathogenesis. Specifically, the role of machine learning is assigned to screen out the key genes in the asthma development, while the role of WGCNA is to set up gene co-expression network. Our results indicated that hormone secretion regulation, airway remodeling, and negative immune regulation, were all regulated by critical gene modules associated with pathogenesis of asthma progression. Overall, the method employed in this study helped identify key genes in asthma and their roles in the asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zuo
- The Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,College of Arts and Sciences, University of Maine Presque Isle Campus, Presque Isle, ME, USA
| | - Ailin Tao
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Rochon ER, Corti P. Globins and nitric oxide homeostasis in fish embryonic development. Mar Genomics 2020; 49:100721. [PMID: 31711848 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2019.100721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of new members of the globin superfamily such as Cytoglobin, Neuroglobin and Globin X, in addition to the most well-known members, Hemoglobin and Myoglobin, different hypotheses have been suggested about their function in vertebrates. Globins are ubiquitously found in living organisms and can carry out different functions based on their ability to bind ligands such as O2, and nitric oxide (NO) and to catalyze reactions scavenging NO or generating NO by reducing nitrite. NO is a highly diffusible molecule with a central role in signaling important for egg maturation, fertilization and early embryonic development. The globins ability to scavenge or generate NO makes these proteins ideal candidates in regulating NO homeostasis depending on the micro environment and tissue NO demands. Different amounts of various globins have been found in zebrafish eggs and developing embryos where it's unlikely that they function as respiratory proteins and instead could play a role in maintaining embryonic NO homeostasis. Here we summarize the current knowledge concerning the role of NO in adult fish in comparison to mammals and we discuss NO function during embryonic development with possible implications for globins in maintaining embryonic NO homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Rochon
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Paola Corti
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Liao Y, Li P, Wang Y, Chen H, Ning S, Su D. Construction of asthma related competing endogenous RNA network revealed novel long non-coding RNAs and potential new drugs. Respir Res 2020; 21:14. [PMID: 31924195 PMCID: PMC6954528 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Long non-coding RNA can act as competing endogenous RNA to mRNA, and play significant role in many diseases. However, there is little known about the profiles of long non-coding RNA and the long non-coding RNA related competing endogenous RNA network in asthma. In current study, we aimed to explore the long non-coding RNA-microRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNA network in asthma and their potential implications for therapy and prognosis. Methods Asthma-related gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, re-annotated with these genes and identified for asthma-associated differentially expressed mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. The long non-coding RNA-miRNA interaction data and mRNA-miRNA interaction data were downloaded using the starBase database to construct a long non-coding RNA-miRNA-mRNA global competing endogenous RNA network and extract asthma-related differentially expressed competing endogenous RNA network. Finally, functional enrichment analysis and drug repositioning of asthma-associated differentially expressed competing endogenous RNA networks were performed to further identify key long non-coding RNAs and potential therapeutics associated with asthma. Results This study constructed an asthma-associated competing endogenous RNA network, determined 5 key long non-coding RNAs (MALAT1, MIR17HG, CASC2, MAGI2-AS3, DAPK1-IT1) and identified 8 potential new drugs (Tamoxifen, Ruxolitinib, Tretinoin, Quercetin, Dasatinib, Levocarnitine, Niflumic Acid, Glyburide). Conclusions The results suggested that long non-coding RNA played an important role in asthma, and these novel long non-coding RNAs could be potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarkers. At the same time, potential new drugs for asthma treatment have been discovered through drug repositioning techniques, providing a new direction for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Liao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Shangwei Ning
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Dongju Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Patel NB, Ostilla LA, Cuervo-Pardo L, Berdnikovs S, Chiarella SE. Gene expression of TMEM178, which encodes a negative regulator of NFATc1, decreases with the progression of asthma severity. Clin Transl Allergy 2019; 9:38. [PMID: 31406566 PMCID: PMC6686220 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-019-0280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In two independent microarray studies involving primary airway epithelial cells, the relative gene expression of TMEM178 decreases with the progression of asthma severity. Our manuscript creates a paradigm for future studies dissecting the role of Tmem178 in the pathogenesis of severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiya B Patel
- 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 211 East Ontario Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Lorena A Ostilla
- 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 211 East Ontario Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | | | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 211 East Ontario Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Sergio E Chiarella
- 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 211 East Ontario Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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Gautam Y, Afanador Y, Abebe T, López JE, Mersha TB. Genome-wide analysis revealed sex-specific gene expression in asthmatics. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:2600-2614. [PMID: 31095684 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Global gene-expression analysis has shown remarkable difference between males and females in response to exposure to many diseases. Nevertheless, gene expression studies in asthmatics have so far focused on sex-combined analysis, ignoring inherent variabilities between the sexes, which potentially drive disparities in asthma prevalence. The objectives of this study were to identify (1) sex-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs), (2) genes that show sex-interaction effects and (3) sex-specific pathways and networks enriched in asthma risk. We analyzed 711 males and 689 females and more than 2.8 million transcripts covering 20 000 genes leveraged from five different tissues and cell types (i.e. epithelial, blood, induced sputum, T cells and lymphoblastoids). Using tissue-specific meta-analysis, we identified 439 male- and 297 female-specific DEGs in all cell types, with 32 genes in common. By linking DEGs to the genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog and the lung and blood eQTL annotation data from GTEx, we identified four male-specific genes (FBXL7, ITPR3 and RAD51B from epithelial tissue and ALOX15 from blood) and one female-specific gene (HLA-DQA1 from epithelial tissue) that are disregulated during asthma. The hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway was enriched only in males, and IL-17 and chemokine signaling pathways were enriched in females. The cytokine-cytokine signaling pathway was enriched in both sexes. The presence of sex-specific genes and pathways demonstrates that sex-combined analysis does not identify genes preferentially expressed in each sex in response to diseases. Linking DEG and molecular eQTLs to GWAS catalog represents an important avenue for identifying biologically and clinically relevant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadu Gautam
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yashira Afanador
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tilahun Abebe
- Department of Biology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, USA
| | - Javier E López
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Saqi M, Lysenko A, Guo YK, Tsunoda T, Auffray C. Navigating the disease landscape: knowledge representations for contextualizing molecular signatures. Brief Bioinform 2019; 20:609-623. [PMID: 29684165 PMCID: PMC6556902 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bby025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Large amounts of data emerging from experiments in molecular medicine are leading to the identification of molecular signatures associated with disease subtypes. The contextualization of these patterns is important for obtaining mechanistic insight into the aberrant processes associated with a disease, and this typically involves the integration of multiple heterogeneous types of data. In this review, we discuss knowledge representations that can be useful to explore the biological context of molecular signatures, in particular three main approaches, namely, pathway mapping approaches, molecular network centric approaches and approaches that represent biological statements as knowledge graphs. We discuss the utility of each of these paradigms, illustrate how they can be leveraged with selected practical examples and identify ongoing challenges for this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Saqi
- Mansoor Saqi Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Artem Lysenko
- Artem Lysenko Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yi-Ke Guo
- Yi-Ke Guo Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Tatsuhiko Tsunoda Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan CREST, JST, Tokyo, Japan Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Charles Auffray
- Charles Auffray European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Lyon, France
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45
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Gézsi A, Kovács Á, Visnovitz T, Buzás EI. Systems biology approaches to investigating the roles of extracellular vesicles in human diseases. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-11. [PMID: 30872567 PMCID: PMC6418293 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed structures secreted by cells. In the past decade, EVs have attracted substantial attention as carriers of complex intercellular information. They have been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes in health and disease. They are also considered to hold promise for future diagnostics and therapy. EVs are characterized by a previously underappreciated heterogeneity. The heterogeneity and molecular complexity of EVs necessitates high-throughput analytical platforms for detailed analysis. Recently, mass spectrometry, next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics tools have enabled detailed proteomic, transcriptomic, glycomic, lipidomic, metabolomic, and genomic analyses of EVs. Here, we provide an overview of systems biology experiments performed in the field of EVs. Furthermore, we provide examples of how in silico systems biology approaches can be used to identify correlations between genes involved in EV biogenesis and human diseases. Using a knowledge fusion system, we investigated whether certain groups of proteins implicated in the biogenesis/release of EVs were associated with diseases and phenotypes. Furthermore, we investigated whether these proteins were enriched in publicly available transcriptomic datasets using gene set enrichment analysis methods. We found associations between key EV biogenesis proteins and numerous diseases, which further emphasizes the key role of EVs in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Gézsi
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Immune-Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit I Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-SE Immune-Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
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Tejero J, Shiva S, Gladwin MT. Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:311-379. [PMID: 30379623 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free radical with critical signaling roles in physiology and pathophysiology. The generation of sufficient NO levels to regulate the resistance of the blood vessels and hence the maintenance of adequate blood flow is critical to the healthy performance of the vasculature. A novel paradigm indicates that classical NO synthesis by dedicated NO synthases is supplemented by nitrite reduction pathways under hypoxia. At the same time, reactive oxygen species (ROS), which include superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, are produced in the vascular system for signaling purposes, as effectors of the immune response, or as byproducts of cellular metabolism. NO and ROS can be generated by distinct enzymes or by the same enzyme through alternate reduction and oxidation processes. The latter oxidoreductase systems include NO synthases, molybdopterin enzymes, and hemoglobins, which can form superoxide by reduction of molecular oxygen or NO by reduction of inorganic nitrite. Enzymatic uncoupling, changes in oxygen tension, and the concentration of coenzymes and reductants can modulate the NO/ROS production from these oxidoreductases and determine the redox balance in health and disease. The dysregulation of the mechanisms involved in the generation of NO and ROS is an important cause of cardiovascular disease and target for therapy. In this review we will present the biology of NO and ROS in the cardiovascular system, with special emphasis on their routes of formation and regulation, as well as the therapeutic challenges and opportunities for the management of NO and ROS in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Tejero
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; and Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; and Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; and Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Pezzulo AA, Tudas RA, Stewart CG, Buonfiglio LGV, Lindsay BD, Taft PJ, Gansemer ND, Zabner J. HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin reverts IL-13- and IL-17-induced airway goblet cell metaplasia. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:744-758. [PMID: 30640172 PMCID: PMC6355221 DOI: 10.1172/jci123524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Goblet cell metaplasia, a disabling hallmark of chronic lung disease, lacks curative treatments at present. To identify novel therapeutic targets for goblet cell metaplasia, we studied the transcriptional response profile of IL-13-exposed primary human airway epithelia in vitro and asthmatic airway epithelia in vivo. A perturbation-response profile connectivity approach identified geldanamycin, an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) as a candidate therapeutic target. Our experiments confirmed that geldanamycin and other HSP90 inhibitors prevented IL-13-induced goblet cell metaplasia in vitro and in vivo. Geldanamycin also reverted established goblet cell metaplasia. Geldanamycin did not induce goblet cell death, nor did it solely block mucin synthesis or IL-13 receptor-proximal signaling. Geldanamycin affected the transcriptome of airway cells when exposed to IL-13, but not when exposed to vehicle. We hypothesized that the mechanism of action probably involves TGF-β, ERBB, or EHF, which would predict that geldanamycin would also revert IL-17-induced goblet cell metaplasia, a prediction confirmed by our experiments. Our findings suggest that persistent airway goblet cell metaplasia requires HSP90 activity and that HSP90 inhibitors will revert goblet cell metaplasia, despite active upstream inflammatory signaling. Moreover, HSP90 inhibitors may be a therapeutic option for airway diseases with goblet cell metaplasia of unknown mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro A. Pezzulo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rosarie A. Tudas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Carley G. Stewart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Brian D. Lindsay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
| | - Peter J. Taft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nicholas D. Gansemer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Joseph Zabner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, and
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Liao SY, Linderholm AL, Yoneda KY, Kenyon NJ, Harper RW. Airway transcriptomic profiling after bronchial thermoplasty. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00123-2018. [PMID: 30792984 PMCID: PMC6378341 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00123-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial thermoplasty is a nonpharmacological, device-based treatment option for a specific population of severe asthmatic subjects, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to identify potential altered pathways by bronchial thermoplasty using a transcriptomic approach. METHODS Patients undergoing bronchial thermoplasty were recruited to the study, and a bronchial brushing sample was obtained before each bronchial thermoplasty session and sent for RNA sequencing. A variance component score test was performed to identify those genes whose expression varied after bronchial thermoplasty sessions. Differential gene expression meta-analysis of severe asthmatic subjects versus controls was performed using public repositories. Overlapping genes were included for downstream pathway and network analyses. RESULTS 12 patients were enrolled in our study. A total of 133 severe asthma cases and 107 healthy controls from the public repositories were included in the meta-analysis. Comparison of differentially expressed genes from our study patients with the public repositories identified eight overlapping genes: AMIGO2, CBX7, NR3C2, SETBP1, SHANK2, SNTB1, STXBP1 and ZNF853. Network analysis of these overlapping genes identified pathways associated with neurophysiological processes. CONCLUSION We have shown that bronchial thermoplasty treatment alters several gene networks that are important in asthma pathogenesis. These results potentially elucidate the disease-modifying mechanisms of bronchial thermoplasty and provide several targets for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Liao
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
- These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Angela L. Linderholm
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ken Y. Yoneda
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Kenyon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Richart W. Harper
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
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Tsai MJ, Tsai YC, Chang WA, Lin YS, Tsai PH, Sheu CC, Kuo PL, Hsu YL. Deducting MicroRNA-Mediated Changes Common in Bronchial Epithelial Cells of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-A Next-Generation Sequencing-Guided Bioinformatic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030553. [PMID: 30696075 PMCID: PMC6386886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic airway inflammatory diseases that share some common features, although these diseases are somewhat different in etiologies, clinical features, and treatment policies. The aim of this study is to investigate the common microRNA-mediated changes in bronchial epithelial cells of asthma and COPD. The microRNA profiles in primary bronchial epithelial cells from asthma (AHBE) and COPD (CHBE) patients and healthy subjects (NHBE) were analyzed with next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the significant microRNA changes common in AHBE and CHBE were extracted. The upregulation of hsa-miR-10a-5p and hsa-miR-146a-5p in both AHBE and CHBE was confirmed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Using bioinformatic methods, we further identified putative targets of these microRNAs, which were downregulated in both AHBE and CHBE: miR-10a-5p might suppress BCL2, FGFR3, FOXO3, PDE4A, PDE4C, and PDE7A; miR-146a-5p might suppress BCL2, INSR, PDE4D, PDE7A, PDE7B, and PDE11A. We further validated significantly decreased expression levels of FOXO3 and PDE7A in AHBE and CHBE than in NHBE with qPCR. Increased serum miR-146a-5p level was also noted in patients with asthma and COPD as compared with normal control subjects. In summary, our study revealed possible mechanisms mediated by miR-10a-5p and miR-146a-5p in the pathogenesis of both asthma and COPD. The findings might provide a scientific basis for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Shiuan Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Hsun Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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50
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Qin R, Long F, Xiao X, Xiao J, Zheng Z, Feng M, Huang R, Peng T, Li J. Sputum Autoantibodies Are More Relevant in Autoimmune Responses in Asthma than Are Serum Autoantibodies. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 11:406-421. [PMID: 30912329 PMCID: PMC6439185 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2019.11.3.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The data on the differences between sputum autoantibodies (Sp-Abs) and serum autoantibodies (Se-Abs) in reflection of autoimmune responses to lungs is still lacking. Methods Ten types of Abs were investigated in matched Se and Sp samples collected from recruited subjects. Correlations between Ab levels and airway inflammatory parameters and measures of pulmonary function were assessed. The network-based and inter-correlated analysis was performed to explore the patterns of Sp- and Se-Ab profiles. Results Fifty stable asthmatic patients and 24 healthy volunteers were recruited for our study, 15 with mild asthma, 18 with moderate asthma and 17 with severe asthma. The concentrations of Sp-Ab against U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP), Sp-Ab against Smith antigen and Se-Ab against thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) in severe asthmatics and Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP in moderate asthmatics were significantly higher compared to healthy controls and mild asthmatic subjects (P < 0.05). Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP levels were positively correlated with the dose of inhaled corticosteroids, Sp eosinophil counts and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (r = 0.326, P = 0.022; r = 0.356, P = 0.012; r = 0.241, P = 0.025, respectively) and negatively correlated with Sp neutrophil counts (r = −0.308, P = 0.031) with adjustment for age. Spearman's correlation matrix showed multiple inter-correlations among Sp-Abs and Se-Abs (P < 0.05) while only the levels of Ab against DNA topoisomerase and anti-TPO in Se were correlated with those Sp-Ab counterparts (P < 0.05). The network-based analysis defined 2 clusters: clusters 1 and 2 contained 10 Sp-Abs and 10 Se-Abs, respectively. Conclusions This study observes that Sp-Abs are more associated with clinical parameters and the severity of disease in asthma compared to Se-Abs. Targeting on Sp-Abs which are the hallmark of the localized autoimmune event might help us better understand the role of autoimmunity in the pathological mechanism of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Qin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyu Zheng
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mulin Feng
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renbin Huang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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