1
|
Sun F, Wang J, Meng L, Zhou Z, Xu Y, Yang M, Li Y, Jiang T, Liu B, Yan H. AdipoRon promotes amyloid-β clearance through enhancing autophagy via nuclear GAPDH-induced sirtuin 1 activation in Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:3039-3063. [PMID: 38679474 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is one of the more important pathological markers in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The development of AD impairs autophagy, which results in an imbalanced clearance of Aβ. Our previous research demonstrated that AdipoRon, an agonist of adiponectin receptors, decreased the deposition of Aβ and enhanced cognitive function in AD. However, the exact mechanisms by which AdipoRon affects Aβ clearance remain unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We studied how AdipoRon affects autophagy in HT22 cells and APP/PS1 transgenic mice. We also investigated the signalling pathway involved and used pharmacological inhibitors to examine the role of autophagy in this process. KEY RESULTS AdipoRon promotes Aβ clearance by activating neuronal autophagy in the APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Interestingly, we found that AdipoRon induces the nuclear translocation of GAPDH, where it interacts with the SIRT1/DBC1 complex. This interaction then leads to the release of DBC1 and the activation of SIRT1, which in turn activates autophagy. Importantly, we found that inhibiting either GAPDH or SIRT1 to suppress the activity of SIRT1 counteracts the elevated autophagy and decreased Aβ deposition caused by AdipoRon. This suggests that SIRT1 plays a critical role in the effect of AdipoRon on autophagic induction in AD. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS AdipoRon promotes the clearance of Aβ by enhancing autophagy through the AdipoR1/AMPK-dependent nuclear translocation of GAPDH and subsequent activation of SIRT1. This novel molecular pathway sheds light on the modulation of autophagy in AD and may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Sun
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiangong Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Meizi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yixin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Tianrui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Haijing Yan
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wen X, Hu J. Targeting STAT3 signaling pathway in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with compounds from natural products. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112936. [PMID: 39163684 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is difficult to cure and of global concern. Neuroinflammation is closely associated with the onset and progression of AD, making its treatment increasingly important. Compounds from natural products, with fewer side effects than synthetic drugs, are of high research interest. STAT3, a multifunctional transcription factor, is involved in various cellular processes including inflammation, cell growth, and apoptosis. Its activation and inhibition can have different effects under various pathological conditions. In AD, the STAT3 protein plays a crucial role in promoting neuroinflammation and contributing to disease progression. This occurs primarily through the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, which impacts microglia, astrocytes, and hippocampal neurons. This paper reviews the STAT3 signaling pathway in AD and 25 compounds targeting STAT3 up to 2024. Notably, Rutin, Paeoniflorin, and Geniposide up-regulate STAT3 in hippocampal and cortex neurons, showing neuroprotective effects in various AD models. Other 23 compounds downregulate AD by suppressing neuroinflammation through inhibition of STAT3 activation in microglia and astrocytes. These findings highlight the potential of compounds from natural products in improving AD by targeting STAT3, offering insights into the prevention and management of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jinyue Hu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wan YC, Yang Y, Pang S, Kong ZL. A novel derivative of evodiamine improves cognitive impairment and synaptic integrity in AD mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117103. [PMID: 39018870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the major cause of dementia, is a multifactoral progressive neurodegenerative disorder that currently affects over 43 million people worldwide. The interaction betweengenetic and environmental factors decides pathogenesis and pathological development. The chemical drugs designed for clinical applications on AD have not reached the expected preventive effect so far.Here, we obtained a new evodiamine (Evo) derivative, LE-42, which exhibited lower cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and HepaG2 cells than that of Evo. The LD50 of LE-42 in SH-SY5Y cells and HepaG2 cells was increased by 9 folds and 14 folds than Evo, respectively. The LE-42 also exhibited much more potent effects on anti-oxidation and anti-cytotoxicity of AβOs than Evo. The LE-42 significantly improved the working memory, spatial learning, and memory of the 3×Tg AD mice, and the pharmacodynamic dose of LE-42 on AD mice was increased by 500 folds than that of Evo. LE-42 significantly improved the Tau hyperphosphorylation, a typical pathological feature in 3×Tg AD mice. The LE-42 restored the JAK2/STAT3 pathway's dysfunction and upregulated the expression of GluN1, GluA2, SYN, and PSD95, subsequentially improving the synaptic integrity in 3×Tg mice. The activation of the JAK2/STAT3 axis by LE-42 was a possible mechanism for a therapeutic effect on the AD mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chun Wan
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan.
| | - Yajun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuo Pang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing, China.
| | - Zwe-Ling Kong
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Panda SP, Kesharwani A, Datta S, Prasanth DSNBK, Panda SK, Guru A. JAK2/STAT3 as a new potential target to manage neurodegenerative diseases: An interactive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176490. [PMID: 38492876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a collection of incapacitating disorders in which neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis are major pathological consequences due to oxidative stress. Neuroinflammation manifests in the impacted cerebral areas as a result of pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulating the Janus Kinase2 (JAK2)/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription3 (STAT3) pathway via neuronal cells. The pro-inflammatory cytokines bind to their respective receptor in the neuronal cells and allow activation of JAK2. Activated JAK2 phosphorylates tyrosines on the intracellular domains of the receptor which recruit the STAT3 transcription factor. The neuroinflammation issues are exacerbated by the active JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in conjunction with additional transcription factors like nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Neuronal apoptosis is a natural process made worse by persistent neuroinflammation and immunological responses via caspase-3 activation. The dysregulation of micro-RNA (miR) expression has been observed in the consequences of neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis-associated gene amplification may be caused by dysregulated miR-mediated aberrant phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway components. Therefore, JAK2/STAT3 is an attractive therapeutic target for NDDs. Numerous synthetic and natural small molecules as JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors have therapeutic advances against a wide range of diseases, and many are now in human clinical studies. This review explored the interactive role of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling system with key pathological factors during the reinforcement of NDDs. Also, the clinical trial data provides reasoning evidence about the possible use of JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors to abate neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Adarsh Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samaresh Datta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Birbhum Pharmacy School, Sadaipur, Birbhum, West Bengal, India
| | - D S N B K Prasanth
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Polepally SEZ, TSIIC, Jadcherla, Mahbubnagar, Hyderabad, 509301, India
| | | | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang B, Wan H, Maierwufu M, Liu Q, Li T, He Y, Wang X, Liu G, Hong X, Feng Q. STAT3 ameliorates truncated tau-induced cognitive deficits. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:915-922. [PMID: 37843229 PMCID: PMC10664106 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic cleavage of tau by asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) creates tau-N368 fragments, which may drive the pathophysiology associated with synaptic dysfunction and memory deterioration in the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms of truncated tau-induced cognitive deficits remain unclear. Evidence suggests that signal transduction and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) is associated with modulating synaptic plasticity, cell apoptosis, and cognitive function. Using luciferase reporter assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, western blotting, and immunofluorescence, we found that human tau-N368 accumulation inhibited STAT3 activity by suppressing STAT3 translocation into the nucleus. Overexpression of STAT3 improved tau-N368-induced synaptic deficits and reduced neuronal loss, thereby improving the cognitive deficits in tau-N368 mice. Moreover, in tau-N368 mice, activation of STAT3 increased N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor levels, decreased Bcl-2 levels, reversed synaptic damage and neuronal loss, and thereby alleviated cognitive deficits caused by tau-N368. Taken together, STAT3 plays a critical role in truncated tau-related neuropathological changes. This indicates a new mechanism behind the effect of tau-N368 on synapses and memory deficits. STAT3 can be used as a new molecular target to treat tau-N368-induced protein pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingge Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huali Wan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial, People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Maimaitijiang Maierwufu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ye He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gongping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiong Feng
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cho SB. Comorbidity Genes of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Associated with Memory and Cognitive Function. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2211. [PMID: 38396891 PMCID: PMC10889845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are comorbidities that result from the sharing of common genes. The molecular background of comorbidities can provide clues for the development of treatment and management strategies. Here, the common genes involved in the development of the two diseases and in memory and cognitive function are reviewed. Network clustering based on protein-protein interaction network identified tightly connected gene clusters that have an impact on memory and cognition among the comorbidity genes of AD and T2DM. Genes with functional implications were intensively reviewed and relevant evidence summarized. Gene information will be useful in the discovery of biomarkers and the identification of tentative therapeutic targets for AD and T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Beom Cho
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 38-13, Dokgeom-ro 3 Street, Namdon-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan X, Li H, Liu L, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wang Z, He X, Xu J, Hu Q. Early Diagnosing and Transformation Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease Using Multi-Scaled Self-Attention Network on Structural MRI Images with Occlusion Sensitivity Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:909-926. [PMID: 38160355 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) is vital for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, though confirming specific biomarkers remains challenging. Our proposed Multi-Scale Self-Attention Network (MUSAN) enhances classification of cognitively normal (CN) and AD individuals, distinguishing stable (sMCI) from progressive mild cognitive impairment (pMCI). OBJECTIVE This study leverages AD structural atrophy properties to achieve precise AD classification, combining different scales of brain region features. The ultimate goal is an interpretable algorithm for this method. METHODS The MUSAN takes whole-brain sMRI as input, enabling automatic extraction of brain region features and modeling of correlations between different scales of brain regions, and achieves personalized disease interpretation of brain regions. Furthermore, we also employed an occlusion sensitivity algorithm to localize and visualize brain regions sensitive to disease. RESULTS Our method is applied to ADNI-1, ADNI-2, and ADNI-3, and achieves high performance on the classification of CN from AD with accuracy (0.93), specificity (0.82), sensitivity (0.96), and area under curve (AUC) (0.95), as well as notable performance on the distinguish of sMCI from pMCI with accuracy (0.85), specificity (0.84), sensitivity (0.74), and AUC (0.86). Our sensitivity masking algorithm identified key regions in distinguishing CN from AD: hippocampus, amygdala, and vermis. Moreover, cingulum, pallidum, and inferior frontal gyrus are crucial for sMCI and pMCI discrimination. These discoveries align with existing literature, confirming the dependability of our model in AD research. CONCLUSION Our method provides an effective AD diagnostic and conversion prediction method. The occlusion sensitivity algorithm enhances deep learning interpretability, bolstering AD research reliability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Fan
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haining Li
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhewei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- Department of Psychology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jinping Xu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingmao Hu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cui X, Zong S, Song W, Wang C, Liu Y, Zhang L, Xia P, Wang X, Zhao H, Wang L, Lu Z. Omaveloxolone ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice by stabilizing the STAT3 pathway. Life Sci 2023; 335:122261. [PMID: 37951537 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the availability and the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of omaveloxolone (RTA408) on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study employed network pharmacology to assess the feasibility of drug treatment of AD. To determine the cognitive status and emotional state of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice after the RTA408 treatment, three classical behavioral experiments (water maze, Y-maze, and open field test) were conducted. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were utilized to evaluate hippocampal neuronal status and amyloid (Aβ) deposition in mice. RNA-seq and transcription factor prediction analyses were performed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms regulating the therapeutic effects of RTA408. Molecular docking was employed to predict the direct drug targets. To validate these molecular mechanisms, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence analyses were performed in two instrumental cell lines, i.e., mouse hippocampal neuronal cells (HT22) and microglia (BV2). RESULTS RTA408 was revealed with the capability to reduce Aβ plaque deposition and to restore damaged neurons in the hippocampal region of APP/PS1 mice, ultimately leading to an improvement in cognitive function. This beneficial effect was achieved by balancing the STAT3 pathway. Specifically, RTA408 facilitated the activations of both STAT3/OXR1 and NRF2/ARE axes, thereby enhancing the compromised resistance in neurons to oxidative stress. RTA408 inhibited the NFκB/IL6/STAT3 pathway, effectively countering the neuroinflammation triggered by microglial activation. CONCLUSION RTA408 is revealed with promising potential in the treatment of AD based on preclinical data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Zong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Wenao Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Pengcheng Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiming Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China; Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sarapultsev A, Gusev E, Komelkova M, Utepova I, Luo S, Hu D. JAK-STAT signaling in inflammation and stress-related diseases: implications for therapeutic interventions. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:40. [PMID: 37938494 PMCID: PMC10632324 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and transcription activator pathway (JAK-STAT) serves as a cornerstone in cellular signaling, regulating physiological and pathological processes such as inflammation and stress. Dysregulation in this pathway can lead to severe immunodeficiencies and malignancies, and its role extends to neurotransduction and pro-inflammatory signaling mechanisms. Although JAK inhibitors (Jakinibs) have successfully treated immunological and inflammatory disorders, their application has generally been limited to diseases with similar pathogenic features. Despite the modest expression of JAK-STAT in the CNS, it is crucial for functions in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, making it relevant in conditions like Parkinson's disease and other neuroinflammatory disorders. Furthermore, the influence of the pathway on serotonin receptors and phospholipase C has implications for stress and mood disorders. This review expands the understanding of JAK-STAT, moving beyond traditional immunological contexts to explore its role in stress-related disorders and CNS function. Recent findings, such as the effectiveness of Jakinibs in chronic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, expand their therapeutic applicability. Advances in isoform-specific inhibitors, including filgotinib and upadacitinib, promise greater specificity with fewer off-target effects. Combination therapies, involving Jakinibs and monoclonal antibodies, aiming to enhance therapeutic specificity and efficacy also give great hope. Overall, this review bridges the gap between basic science and clinical application, elucidating the complex influence of the JAK-STAT pathway on human health and guiding future interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Sarapultsev
- Russian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Evgenii Gusev
- Russian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Maria Komelkova
- Russian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Irina Utepova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049, Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Desheng Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, The Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center of Cancer Immunotherapy, Hubei Wuhan, 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Melchiorri D, Merlo S, Micallef B, Borg JJ, Dráfi F. Alzheimer's disease and neuroinflammation: will new drugs in clinical trials pave the way to a multi-target therapy? Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1196413. [PMID: 37332353 PMCID: PMC10272781 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1196413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research, no disease-modifying therapeutic option, able to prevent, cure or halt the progression of Alzheimer's disease [AD], is currently available. AD, a devastating neurodegenerative pathology leading to dementia and death, is characterized by two pathological hallmarks, the extracellular deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ) and the intraneuronal deposits of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) consisting of altered hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Both have been widely studied and pharmacologically targeted for many years, without significant therapeutic results. In 2022, positive data on two monoclonal antibodies targeting Aβ, donanemab and lecanemab, followed by the 2023 FDA accelerated approval of lecanemab and the publication of the final results of the phase III Clarity AD study, have strengthened the hypothesis of a causal role of Aβ in the pathogenesis of AD. However, the magnitude of the clinical effect elicited by the two drugs is limited, suggesting that additional pathological mechanisms may contribute to the disease. Cumulative studies have shown inflammation as one of the main contributors to the pathogenesis of AD, leading to the recognition of a specific role of neuroinflammation synergic with the Aβ and NFTs cascades. The present review provides an overview of the investigational drugs targeting neuroinflammation that are currently in clinical trials. Moreover, their mechanisms of action, their positioning in the pathological cascade of events that occur in the brain throughout AD disease and their potential benefit/limitation in the therapeutic strategy in AD are discussed and highlighted as well. In addition, the latest patent requests for inflammation-targeting therapeutics to be developed in AD will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Melchiorri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Merlo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - John-Joseph Borg
- Malta Medicines Authority, San Ġwann, Malta
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - František Dráfi
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
- State Institute for Drug Control, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kooshki L, Zarneshan SN, Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Echeverria J. The pivotal role of JAK/STAT and IRS/PI3K signaling pathways in neurodegenerative diseases: Mechanistic approaches to polyphenols and alkaloids. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154686. [PMID: 36804755 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by progressive neuronal dysfunctionality which results in disability and human life-threatening events. In recent decades, NDDs are on the rise. Besides, conventional drugs have not shown potential effectiveness to attenuate the complications of NDDs. So, exploring novel therapeutic agents is an urgent need to combat such disorders. Accordingly, growing evidence indicates that polyphenols and alkaloids are promising natural candidates, possessing several beneficial pharmacological effects against diseases. Considering the complex pathophysiological mechanisms behind NDDs, Janus kinase (JAK), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) seem to play critical roles during neurodegeneration/neuroregeneration. In this line, modulation of the JAK/STAT and IRS/PI3K signaling pathways and their interconnected mediators by polyphenols/alkaloids could play pivotal roles in combating NDDs, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), stroke, aging, multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), depression and other neurological disorders. PURPOSE Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of polyphenols/alkaloids as multi-target natural products against NDDs which are critically passing through the modulation of the JAK/STAT and IRS/PI3K signaling pathways. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic and comprehensive review was performed to highlight the modulatory roles of polyphenols and alkaloids on the JAK/STAT and IRS/PI3K signaling pathways in NDDs, according to the PRISMA guideline, using scholarly electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and associated reference lists. RESULTS In the present study 141 articles were included from a total of 1267 results. The results showed that phenolic compounds such as curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and quercetin, and alkaloids such as berberine could be introduced as new strategies in combating NDDs through JAK/STAT and IRS/PI3K signaling pathways. This is the first systematic review that reveals the correlation between the JAK/STAT and IRS/PI3K axis which is targeted by phytochemicals in NDDs. Hence, this review highlighted promising insights into the neuroprotective potential of polyphenols and alkaloids through the JAK/STAT and IRS/PI3K signaling pathway and interconnected mediators toward neuroprotection. CONCLUSION Amongst natural products, phenolic compounds and alkaloids are multi-targeting agents with the most antioxidants and anti-inflammatory effects possessing the potential of combating NDDs with high efficacy and lower toxicity. However, additional reports are needed to prove the efficacy and possible side effects of natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Javier Echeverria
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Z, Fan K, Meng J, Nie D, Zhao Z, Han Z. Deoxynivalenol hijacks the pathway of Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT-3) to drive caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161058. [PMID: 36565876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) can easily injure the intestinal tract, which represents the first barrier against food contaminants. The intestinal toxicity induced by DON was mainly focused on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, however, the underlying mechanisms by which DON triggers apoptosis by other pathways remain poorly understood. In this study, the Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT-3) pathway was proposed to regulate the intrinsic apoptosis induced by DON and thoroughly investigated in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). First, DON was found to be able to efficiently inhibit cell viability and increase the release of lactate dehydrogenase. It could also enhance the activity of the cleaved caspase-3 in a time-dependent manner, accompanied by a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and an up-regulation of the apoptosis rate. Then, the expression of genes associated with inflammation and apoptosis were investigated. DON increased the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, SOCS3 and Bax, but decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Moreover, we discovered that DON robustly inhibited STAT-3 activity together with the down-regulation of JAK2, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, paralleling the increase in p38 phosphorylation. Furthermore, a pharmacological activation of JAK2/STAT-3 alleviated DON induced-apoptosis. Concurrent with the apoptotic pathway, during the initial exposure to DON (first 4 h), a survival pathway involving phosphorylated Erk1/2, Akt, and FoxO1 was also observed. Thus, apoptosis induced by DON was Janus faced: although the survival pathway was activated, the DON-induced apoptotic JAK2/STAT-3/caspase-3 pathway dominated, leading to an imbalance in cell homeostasis. This study provides a novel avenue to comprehensively reveal the pathological mechanisms of DON-induced intestinal disorders, which is promising for future applications to other contaminants in food and feed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Zhang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jiajia Meng
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Dongxia Nie
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin L, Li C, Li T, Zheng J, Shu Y, Zhang J, Shen Y, Ren D. Plant‐derived peptides for the improvement of Alzheimer's disease: Production, functions, and mechanisms. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Like Lin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Jingyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yu Shu
- College of Food Science and Technology Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yehua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Difeng Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Safety in Forestry Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu S, Zhang Z, Li L, Yao L, Ma Z, Li J. ADAM10- and γ-secretase-dependent cleavage of the transmembrane protein PTPRT attenuates neurodegeneration in the mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22734. [PMID: 36583697 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201396r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PTPRT (receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase T), a brain-specific type 1 transmembrane protein, plays an important role in neurodevelopment and synapse formation. However, whether abnormal PTPRT signaling is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. Here, we report that Ptprt mRNA expression is found to be downregulated in the brains of both human and mouse models of AD. We further identified that the PTPRT intracellular domain (PICD), which is released by ADAM10- and γ-secretase-dependent cleavage of PTPRT, efficiently translocates to the nucleus via a conserved nuclear localization signal (NLS). We show that inhibition of nuclear translocation of PICD leads to an accumulation of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3), a substrate of PTPRT-eventually resulting in neuronal cell death. Consistently, RNA sequencing reveals that overexpression of PICD leads to changes in the expression of genes that are functionally associated with synapse formation, cell adhesion, and protein dephosphorylation. Moreover, overexpression of PICD not only decreases the level of phospho-STAT3Y705 and amyloid β production in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice but also partially improves synaptic function and behavioral deficits in this mouse model of AD. These findings suggest that a novel role of the ADAM 10- and γ-secretase-dependent cleavage of PTPRT may alleviate the AD-like neurodegenerative processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Li Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhanshan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Kunming Primate Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,National Research Facility for Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Model Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The Role of the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: New Potential Treatment Target. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010864. [PMID: 36614305 PMCID: PMC9821184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. However, emerging evidence suggests that neuroinflammation, mediated notably by activated neuroglial cells, neutrophils, and macrophages, also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, understanding the interplay between the nervous and immune systems might be the key to the prevention or delay of Alzheimer's disease progression. One of the most important mechanisms determining gliogenic cell fate is the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway that is influenced by the overactivation of microglia and astrocytes. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway is one of the critical factors that promote neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease by initiating innate immunity, orchestrating adaptive immune mechanisms, and finally, constraining neuroinflammatory response. Since a chronic neuroinflammatory environment in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, understanding the process would allow establishing the underlying role of neuroinflammation, then estimating the prognosis of Alzheimer's disease development and finding a new potential treatment target. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in the potential role of JAK/STAT signaling in neurological diseases with a focus on discussing future research directions regarding novel therapeutic approaches and predictive biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
|
16
|
Hoang GM, Kim UH, Kim JG. Vision transformers for the prediction of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease progression using mid-sagittal sMRI. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1102869. [PMID: 37122374 PMCID: PMC10133493 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1102869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of neurodegenerative disease affecting over 50 million people worldwide. However, most AD diagnosis occurs in the moderate to late stage, which means that the optimal time for treatment has already passed. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate state between cognitively normal people and AD patients. Therefore, the accurate prediction in the conversion process of MCI to AD may allow patients to start preventive intervention to slow the progression of the disease. Nowadays, neuroimaging techniques have been developed and are used to determine AD-related structural biomarkers. Deep learning approaches have rapidly become a key methodology applied to these techniques to find biomarkers. Methods In this study, we aimed to investigate an MCI-to-AD prediction method using Vision Transformers (ViT) to structural magnetic resonance images (sMRI). The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database containing 598 MCI subjects was used to predict MCI subjects' progression to AD. There are three main objectives in our study: (i) to propose an MRI-based Vision Transformers approach for MCI to AD progression classification, (ii) to evaluate the performance of different ViT architectures to obtain the most advisable one, and (iii) to visualize the brain region mostly affect the prediction of deep learning approach to MCI progression. Results Our method achieved state-of-the-art classification performance in terms of accuracy (83.27%), specificity (85.07%), and sensitivity (81.48%) compared with a set of conventional methods. Next, we visualized the brain regions that mostly contribute to the prediction of MCI progression for interpretability of the proposed model. The discriminative pathological locations include the thalamus, medial frontal, and occipital-corroborating the reliability of our model. Conclusion In conclusion, our methods provide an effective and accurate technique for the prediction of MCI conversion to AD. The results obtained in this study outperform previous reports using the ADNI collection, and it suggests that sMRI-based ViT could be efficiently applied with a considerable potential benefit for AD patient management. The brain regions mostly contributing to prediction, in conjunction with the identified anatomical features, will support the building of a robust solution for other neurodegenerative diseases in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gia Minh Hoang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ue-Hwan Kim
- AI Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Ue-Hwan Kim,
| | - Jae Gwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Jae Gwan Kim,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Panagaki T, Randi EB, Szabo C, Hölscher C. Incretin Mimetics Restore the ER-Mitochondrial Axis and Switch Cell Fate Towards Survival in LUHMES Dopaminergic-Like Neurons: Implications for Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:1149-1174. [PMID: 37718851 PMCID: PMC10657688 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that afflicts more than 10 million people worldwide. Available therapeutic interventions do not stop disease progression. The etiopathogenesis of PD includes unbalanced calcium dynamics and chronic dysfunction of the axis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria that all can gradually favor protein aggregation and dopaminergic degeneration. OBJECTIVE In Lund Human Mesencephalic (LUHMES) dopaminergic-like neurons, we tested novel incretin mimetics under conditions of persistent, calcium-dependent ER stress. METHODS We assessed the pharmacological effects of Liraglutide-a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog-and the dual incretin GLP-1/GIP agonist DA3-CH in the unfolded protein response (UPR), cell bioenergetics, mitochondrial biogenesis, macroautophagy, and intracellular signaling for cell fate in terminally differentiated LUHMES cells. Cells were co-stressed with the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor, thapsigargin. RESULTS We report that Liraglutide and DA3-CH analogs rescue the arrested oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. They mitigate the suppressed mitochondrial biogenesis and hyper-polarization of the mitochondrial membrane, all to re-establish normalcy of mitochondrial function under conditions of chronic ER stress. These effects correlate with a resolution of the UPR and the deficiency of components for autophagosome formation to ultimately halt the excessive synaptic and neuronal death. Notably, the dual incretin displayed a superior anti-apoptotic effect, when compared to Liraglutide. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm the protective effects of incretin signaling in ER and mitochondrial stress for neuronal degeneration management and further explain the incretin-derived effects observed in PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Panagaki
- Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Elisa B. Randi
- Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christian Hölscher
- Research & Experimental Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun H, Ma D, Cheng Y, Li J, Zhang W, Jiang T, Li Z, Li X, Meng H. The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway in Epilepsy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2049-2069. [PMID: 36518035 PMCID: PMC10556373 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221214170234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is defined as spontaneous recurrent seizures in the brain. There is increasing evidence that inflammatory mediators and immune cells are involved in epileptic seizures. As more research is done on inflammatory factors and immune cells in epilepsy, new targets for the treatment of epilepsy will be revealed. The Janus kinase-signal transducer and transcriptional activator (JAKSTAT) signaling pathway is strongly associated with many immune and inflammatory diseases, At present, more and more studies have found that the JAK-STAT pathway is involved in the development and development of epilepsy, indicating the JAK-STAT pathway's potential promise as a target in epilepsy treatment. In this review, we discuss the composition, activation, and regulation of the JAK-STAT pathway and the relationship between the JAK-STAT pathway and epilepsy. In addition, we summarize the common clinical inhibitors of JAK and STAT that we would expect to be used in epilepsy treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaai Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wuqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoran Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Meng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li Q, Wang X, Wang ZH, Lin Z, Yang J, Chen J, Wang R, Ye W, Li Y, Wu Y, Xuan A. Changes in dendritic complexity and spine morphology following BCG immunization in APP/PS1 mice. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2121568. [PMID: 36113067 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2121568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette - Guerin (BCG) is an immune regulator that can enhance hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats; however, it is unclear whether it can improve synaptic function in a mouse model with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that BCG plays a protective role in AD mice and investigated its effect on dendritic morphology. The results obtained show that BCG immunization significantly increases dendritic complexity, as indicated by the increased number of dendritic intersections and branch points, as well as the increase in the fractal dimension. Furthermore, the number of primary neurites and dendritic length also increased following BCG immunization, which increased the number of spines and promoted maturation. IFN-γ and IL-4 levels increased, while TNF-α levels decreased following BCG immunization; expression levels of p-JAK2, P-STAT3, SYN, and PSD-95 also increased. Therefore, this study demonstrates that BCG immunization in APP/PS1 mice mitigated hippocampal dendritic spine pathology, especially after the third round of immunization. This effect could possibly be attributed to; changes in dendritic arborization and spine morphology or increases in SYN and PSD-95 expression levels. It could also be related to mechanisms of BCG-induced increases in IFN-γ or IL-4/JAK2/STAT3 levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhenzong Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jieyi Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jichun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Ye
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang J, Liu B, Sun F, Xu Y, Luan H, Yang M, Wang C, Zhang T, Zhou Z, Yan H. Histamine H3R antagonist counteracts the impaired hippocampal neurogenesis in Lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109045. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
21
|
Zhang H, Jiang X, Ma L, Wei W, Li Z, Chang S, Wen J, Sun J, Li H. Role of Aβ in Alzheimer’s-related synaptic dysfunction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:964075. [PMID: 36092715 PMCID: PMC9459380 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.964075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction is closely related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which is also recognized as synaptic disorder. β-amyloid (Aβ) is one of the main pathogenic factors in AD, which disrupts synaptic plasticity and mediates the synaptic toxicity through different mechanisms. Aβ disrupts glutamate receptors, such as NMDA and AMPA receptors, which mediates calcium dyshomeostasis and damages synapse plasticity characterized by long-term potentiation (LTP) suppression and long-term depression (LTD) enhancement. As Aβ stimulates and Ca2+ influx, microglial cells and astrocyte can be activated and release cytokines, which reduces glutamate uptake and further impair synapse function. Besides, extracellular glutamate accumulation induced by Aβ mediates synapse toxicity resulting from reduced glutamate receptors and glutamate spillovers. Aβ also mediates synaptic dysfunction by acting on various signaling pathways and molecular targets, disrupting mitochondria and energy metabolism. In addition, Aβ overdeposition aggravates the toxic damage of hyperphosphorylated tau to synapses. Synaptic dysfunction plays a critical role in cognitive impairment of AD. The review addresses the possible mechanisms by which Aβ mediates AD-related synaptic impairment from distant perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefan Jiang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Surui Chang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Wen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Li,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Forghaniesfidvajani R, Tavakol C, Farahighasreaboonasr F, Pakizeh F, Dana VG, Seif F. Quercetin as a JAK-STAT inhibitor: a potential role in solid tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:60. [PMID: 35883021 PMCID: PMC9327369 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is involved in many immunological processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. Some of these processes can contribute to cancer progression and neurodegeneration. Owing to the complexity of this pathway and its potential crosstalk with alternative pathways, monotherapy as targeted therapy has usually limited long-term efficacy. Currently, the majority of JAK-STAT-targeting drugs are still at preclinical stages. Meanwhile, a variety of plant polyphenols, especially quercetin, exert their inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT pathway through known and unknown mechanisms. Quercetin has shown prominent inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT pathway in terms of anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity, as well as control of neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the pharmacological effects of quercetin on the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in solid tumors and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Forghaniesfidvajani
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Farid Pakizeh
- Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Ghobadi Dana
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Enghelab St., Aboureyhan St., Vahid Nazari Crossroad, P17, Tehran, Postal code: 1315795613 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Custodia A, Romaus-Sanjurjo D, Aramburu-Núñez M, Álvarez-Rafael D, Vázquez-Vázquez L, Camino-Castiñeiras J, Leira Y, Pías-Peleteiro JM, Aldrey JM, Sobrino T, Ouro A. Ceramide/Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Axis as a Key Target for Diagnosis and Treatment in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158082. [PMID: 35897658 PMCID: PMC9331765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Sphingolipids, such as ceramide or sphingosine 1-phosphate, are bioactive molecules implicated in structural and signaling functions. Metabolic dysfunction in the highly conserved pathways to produce sphingolipids may lead to or be a consequence of an underlying disease. Recent studies on transcriptomics and sphingolipidomics have observed alterations in sphingolipid metabolism of both enzymes and metabolites involved in their synthesis in several neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. In this review, we highlight the most relevant findings related to ceramide and neurodegeneration, with a special focus on AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tomás Sobrino
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (A.O.); Tel.: +34-981951098 (T.S.); +34-664326589 (A.O.)
| | - Alberto Ouro
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (A.O.); Tel.: +34-981951098 (T.S.); +34-664326589 (A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Taylor HA, Przemylska L, Clavane EM, Meakin PJ. BACE1: More than just a β-secretase. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13430. [PMID: 35119166 PMCID: PMC9286785 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) research has historically focused on its actions as the β-secretase responsible for the production of β-amyloid beta, observed in Alzheimer's disease. Although the greatest expression of BACE1 is found in the brain, BACE1 mRNA and protein is also found in many cell types including pancreatic β-cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, and vascular cells. Pathologically elevated BACE1 expression in these cells has been implicated in the development of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we examine key questions surrounding the BACE1 literature, including how is BACE1 regulated and how dysregulation may occur in disease, and understand how BACE1 regulates metabolism via cleavage of a myriad of substrates. The phenotype of the BACE1 knockout mice models, including reduced weight gain, increased energy expenditure, and enhanced leptin signaling, proposes a physiological role of BACE1 in regulating energy metabolism and homeostasis. Taken together with the weight loss observed with BACE1 inhibitors in clinical trials, these data highlight a novel role for BACE1 in regulation of metabolic physiology. Finally, this review aims to examine the possibility that BACE1 inhibitors could provide a innovative treatment for obesity and its comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A Taylor
- Discovery & Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lena Przemylska
- Discovery & Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Eva M Clavane
- Discovery & Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul J Meakin
- Discovery & Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Aerobic Exercise Improves Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Related Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 and Enhancing AMPK/SIRT1 Pathways in Mice. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6010504. [PMID: 35578689 PMCID: PMC9107038 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6010504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent risk factor for cognitive impairment. Aerobic exercise can improve T2DM-related cognitive impairment; however, the possible mechanisms remain elusive. Thus, we assessed db/m mice and leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice that did or did not perform aerobic exercise (8 m/min, 60 min/day, and 5 days/week for 12 weeks). In this study, cognitive function was significantly impaired in the T2DM mice; aerobic exercise improved cognitive impairment through activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signalling pathway and inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in T2DM mice. However, after the application of RO8191 (JAK2 activator) or Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), the positive improvement of the exercise was evidently suppressed. Taken together, our data indicated that long-term aerobic exercise improves type 2 diabetes mellitus-related cognitive impairment by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 and enhancing AMPK/SIRT1 pathways in mice.
Collapse
|
26
|
Taylor HA, Simmons KJ, Clavane EM, Trevelyan CJ, Brown JM, Przemyłska L, Watt NT, Matthews LC, Meakin PJ. PTPRD and DCC Are Novel BACE1 Substrates Differentially Expressed in Alzheimer's Disease: A Data Mining and Bioinformatics Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094568. [PMID: 35562959 PMCID: PMC9103286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-site Amyloid precursor protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) is an extensively studied therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD), owing to its role in the production of neurotoxic amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. However, despite numerous BACE1 inhibitors entering clinical trials, none have successfully improved AD pathogenesis, despite effectively lowering Aβ concentrations. This can, in part, be attributed to an incomplete understanding of BACE1, including its physiological functions and substrate specificity. We propose that BACE1 has additional important physiological functions, mediated through substrates still to be identified. Thus, to address this, we computationally analysed a list of 533 BACE1 dependent proteins, identified from the literature, for potential BACE1 substrates, and compared them against proteins differentially expressed in AD. We identified 15 novel BACE1 substrates that were specifically altered in AD. To confirm our analysis, we validated Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D (PTPRD) and Netrin receptor DCC (DCC) using Western blotting. These findings shed light on the BACE1 inhibitor failings and could enable the design of substrate-specific inhibitors to target alternative BACE1 substrates. Furthermore, it gives us a greater understanding of the roles of BACE1 and its dysfunction in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. Taylor
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
| | - Katie J. Simmons
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
| | - Eva M. Clavane
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
| | - Christopher J. Trevelyan
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
| | - Jane M. Brown
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
| | - Lena Przemyłska
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
| | - Nicole T. Watt
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
| | - Laura C. Matthews
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Paul J. Meakin
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.A.T.); (K.J.S.); (E.M.C.); (C.J.T.); (J.M.B.); (L.P.); (N.T.W.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Is the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway Involved in the Pathogenesis of Depression? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11072056. [PMID: 35407663 PMCID: PMC8999744 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11072056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Only 60–70% of depressed patients respond to standard antidepressant treatments. Hence, it is essential to search for new, effective and safe therapies for unmet clinical needs of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Agents targeting the components of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway have been shown to be relevant in immunology and are commonly used in the treatment of many hematological, rheumatological and dermatological diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of elements of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in the etiopathogenesis of depressive disorders. (2) Methods: A total of 290 subjects took part in the study (190 depressed patients, 100 healthy controls). Sociodemographic data were collected. The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The gene expression at the mRNA protein levels of JAK (JAK1-JAK3) and STAT (STAT1-STAT5) was assessed by using RT-PCR and ELISA. (3) Results: Increased expression of JAK3 and decreased expression of STAT1 were observed in the group of depressed patients. (4) Conclusions: Further studies are necessary to determine whether moderation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathways is involved in the treatment of depression.
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang L, Cao J, Yang H, Pham P, Khan U, Brown B, Wang Y, Zieneldien T, Cao C. Commercial and Instant Coffees Effectively Lower Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 in N2a/APPswe Cells. Front Nutr 2022; 9:850523. [PMID: 35369094 PMCID: PMC8965317 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.850523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurological disease with neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques as histopathological markers. Due to this, although AD is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, clinical AD dementia cannot be certainly diagnosed until neuropathological post-mortem evaluation. Coffee has been reported to have neurologically protective factors, particularly against AD, but coffee brand and type have not been taken into consideration in previous studies. We examined the discrepancies among popular commercial and instant coffees in limiting the development and progression through Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 production, and hypothesized that coffee consumption, regardless of brand or type, is beneficial for stalling the progression and development of Aβ-related AD. Methods Coffee samples from four commercial coffee brands and four instant coffees were purchased or prepared following given instructions and filtered for the study. 5, 2.5, and 1.25% concentrations of each coffee were used to treat N2a/APPswe cell lines. MTT assay was used to assess cell viability for coffee concentrations, as well as pure caffeine concentrations. Sandwich ELISA assay was used to determine Aβ concentration for Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 peptides of coffee-treated cells. Results Caffeine concentrations were significantly varied among all coffees (DC vs. MDC, PC, SB, NIN, MIN p < 0.05). There was no correlation between caffeine concentration and cell toxicity among brands and types of coffee, with no toxicity at 0.5 mg/ml caffeine and lower. Most coffees were toxic to N2a/APPswe cells at 5% (p < 0.05), but not at 2.5%. Most coffees at a 2.5% concentration reduced Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 production, with comparable results between commercial and instant coffees. Conclusion All coffees tested have beneficial health effects for AD through lowering Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 production, with Dunkin' Donuts® medium roast coffee demonstrating the most consistent and optimal cell survival rates and Aβ concentration. On the other hand, Starbucks® coffee exhibited the highest cell toxicity rates among the tested coffees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Zhang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guanzhou, China
| | - Jessica Cao
- Department of Kinesiology, Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Haiqiang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Phillip Pham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Umer Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Breanna Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Tarek Zieneldien
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang J, Zhu S, Lu W, Li A, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Chen M, Qian C, Hu X, Zhang Y, Huang C. Varenicline improved laparotomy-induced cognitive impairment by restoring mitophagy in aged mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 916:174524. [PMID: 34582844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the elderly populations after major surgery challenges us to provide stable and effective treatments. Mitochondria dysfunction is essential in the pathogenesis of aging and neurodegenerative diseases. It is hypothesized that varenicline improves cognitive impairment through restoring mitophagy and tau phosphorylation. Wild type C57BL/6 mice (male, 18-month-old) were subjected to laparotomy with or without chronic varenicline administration. Postoperative cognition and anxiety were determined by Morris water maze and elevated plus maze tests. Meanwhile, oxidative stress, mitochondria function, mitophagy and tau phosphorylation, as well as the correlation of PKR and STAT3 were characterized. In aged mice following laparotomy, persistent cognitive dysfunction in spatial learning and memory were indicated by longer escape latency and less crossing frequency in the target quadrant. Laparotomy also induced anxiety responses deficits. After postoperative 14 days, significant ROS accumulation and smaller mitochondria with impaired function were presented in the hippocampus. Simultaneously, there were abundant of neuronal apoptosis and translocation of tau phosphorylation in the mitochondria. Enhanced mitophagy and down regulated ChAT activity were distributed in the mice subjected to laparotomy. PKR signaling was activated and required for subcellular activation of STAT3 in the brain. After chronic varenicline administration (1 mg/kg/day), cognitive dysfunction, hippocampal oxidative stress, as well as fragile mitophagy were improved. Our results highlight that laparotomy caused cognitive impairment with persistent oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction and autophagy dysregulation. PKR/STAT3 maybe the potential mechanism, and perioperative varenicline treatment could be an efficient therapeutic strategy for POCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shoufeng Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wenping Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ao Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuqi Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yihuan Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ming Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xianwen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Scientific Research and Experiment Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kusakari S, Nawa M, Hashimoto Y, Matsuoka M. CLSPCOL rescues Alzheimer’s disease mouse models. Transl Neurosci 2022; 13:11-19. [PMID: 35178248 PMCID: PMC8814939 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP) inhibits Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related neurotoxicity. The activity of CLSP is reduced in AD. To restore the CLSP activity, we developed a hybrid peptide named CLSPCOL, consisting of CLSP(1–61) and the collagen-homologous region (COL) of adiponectin. It was previously shown that the CLSPCOL-mediated restoration of the reduced CLSP activity alleviated memory impairment and neuronal synaptic loss in APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice (APP/PS1 mice) at an advanced phase. Here, we examined whether CLSPCOL is effective against the memory impairment of the APP/PS1 mice at an early phase, and the memory impairment, caused by the temporal disturbance of the cholinergic neurotransmission, that mimics a part of AD-linked neuronal abnormality. The CLSPCOL-mediated restoration of the CLSP activity corrected the impairment in acquisition of fear-conditioned memory at an early-phase AD model. A single subcutaneous injection of CLSPCOL rescued the short-term working memory impairment, caused by subcutaneous injection of scopolamine. We have concluded that CLSPCOL is a promising disease-modifying therapeutic agent for not only the advanced phase but also the early-phase AD. It also serves as a symptomatic modifier of AD by potentiating the cholinergic neurotransmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kusakari
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical University , 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku , Tokyo 160-8402 , Japan
| | - Mikiro Nawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical University , 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku , Tokyo 160-8402 , Japan
| | - Yuichi Hashimoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical University , 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku , Tokyo 160-8402 , Japan
| | - Masaaki Matsuoka
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical University , 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku , Tokyo 160-8402 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Klotho gene was originally recognized as a putative aging-suppressor and its prominent age-regulating effects are mostly attributed to the modulation of mineral homeostasis in the kidney. However, recent studies link alterations in hippocampal Klotho expression with cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. This suggests that hippocampal neurons require Klotho for health and proper functionality. Klotho protects against neuronal dysfunction and regulates several intracellular signaling pathways including oxidative stress response, inflammation, DNA damage, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress response, and multiple types of cell death. Specifically, this chapter covers the current knowledge as to how Klotho protein affects the hippocampal neuronal cells, with special attention paid to underlying molecular mechanisms, and thus influences hippocampal development, hippocampal-dependent cognition, behavior, and motor skills as well as mediates neurodegenerative processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mytych
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Collegium Scientarium Naturalium, University of Rzeszow, Werynia, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Park M, Hoang GM, Nguyen T, Lee E, Jung HJ, Choe Y, Lee MH, Hwang JY, Kim JG, Kim T. Effects of transcranial ultrasound stimulation pulsed at 40 Hz on Aβ plaques and brain rhythms in 5×FAD mice. Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:48. [PMID: 34872618 PMCID: PMC8650290 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-021-00274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tauopathy. Reducing Aβ has been considered a major AD treatment strategy in pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Impairment of gamma oscillations, which play an important role in perception and cognitive function, has been shown in mouse AD models and human patients. Recently, the therapeutic effect of gamma entrainment in AD mouse models has been reported. Given that ultrasound is an emerging neuromodulation modality, we investigated the effect of ultrasound stimulation pulsed at gamma frequency (40 Hz) in an AD mouse model. METHODS We implanted electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes and a piezo-ceramic disc ultrasound transducer on the skull surface of 6-month-old 5×FAD and wild-type control mice (n = 12 and 6, respectively). Six 5×FAD mice were treated with two-hour ultrasound stimulation at 40 Hz daily for two weeks, and the other six mice received sham treatment. Soluble and insoluble Aβ levels in the brain were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spontaneous EEG gamma power was computed by wavelet analysis, and the brain connectivity was examined with phase-locking value and cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling. RESULTS We found that the total Aβ42 levels, especially insoluble Aβ42, in the treatment group decreased in pre- and infra-limbic cortex (PIL) compared to that of the sham treatment group. A reduction in the number of Aβ plaques was also observed in the hippocampus. There was no increase in microbleeding in the transcranial ultrasound stimulation (tUS) group. In addition, the length and number of microglial processes decreased in PIL and hippocampus. Encelphalographic spontaneous gamma power was increased, and cross-frequency coupling was normalized, implying functional improvement after tUS stimulation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the transcranial ultrasound-based gamma-band entrainment technique can be an effective therapy for AD by reducing the Aβ load and improving brain connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mincheol Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Gia Minh Hoang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunkyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Jung
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngshik Choe
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Hwan Lee
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youn Hwang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang S, Wang H, Zhou Q, Li Q, Liu N, Li Z, Chen C, Deng Y. Melatonin Ameliorates Axonal Hypomyelination of Periventricular White Matter by Transforming A1 to A2 Astrocyte via JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in Septic Neonatal Rats. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5919-5937. [PMID: 34803390 PMCID: PMC8595063 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s337499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Astrocyte A1/A2 phenotypes may play differential role in the pathogenesis of periventricular white matter (PWM) damage in septic postnatal rats. This study aimed to determine whether melatonin (MEL) would improve the axonal hypomyelination through shifting A1 astrocytes towards A2. Methods One-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, LPS, and LPS+MEL groups. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect C1q, IL-1α, TNF-α, IBA1, GFAP, MAG, C3 and S100A10 immunoreactivity in the PWM of neonatal rats. Electron microscopy was conducted to observe alterations of axonal myelin sheath in the PWM; moreover, myelin protein expression was assessed using in situ hybridization. The effects of MEL on neurological function were evaluated by behavioral tests. In vitro, A1 astrocytes were induced by IL-1α, C1q and TNF-α, and following which the effect of MEL on C3 and S100A10 expression was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Results At 1 and 3 days after LPS injection, IBA1+ microglia in the PWM were significantly increased in cell numbers which generated excess amounts of IL-1α, TNF-α, and C1q. The number of A1 astrocytes was significantly increased at 7-28d after LPS injection. In rats given MEL treatment, the number of A1 astrocytes was significantly decreased, but that of A2 astrocytes, PLP+, MBP+ and MAG+ cells was increased. By electron microscopy, ultrastructural features of axonal hypomyelination were attenuated by MEL. Furthermore, MEL improved neurological dysfunction as evaluated by different neurological tests. In vitro, MEL decreased the C3 significantly, and upregulated expression of S100A10 in primary astrocytes subjected to IL-1α, TNF-α and C1q treatment. Importantly, JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was found to be involved in modulation of A1/A2 phenotype transformation. Conclusion MEL effectively alleviates PWMD of septic neonatal rats, which is most likely through modulating astrocyte phenotypic transformation from A1 to A2 via the MT1/JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggong Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunbo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyu Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Soubh AA, El-Gazar AA, Mohamed EA, Awad AS, El-Abhar HS. Further insights for the role of Morin in mRTBI: Implication of non-canonical Wnt/PKC-α and JAK-2/STAT-3 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108123. [PMID: 34560511 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The slightly available data about the pathogenesis process of mild repetitive traumatic brain injury (mRTBI) indicates to the necessity of further exploration of mRTBI consequences. Several cellular changes are believed to contribute to the cognitive disabilities, and neurodegenerative changes observed later in persons subjected to mRTBI. We investigated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the important severity related biomarker, where it showed further increase after multiple trauma compared to single one. To authenticate our aim, Morin (10 mg/kg loading dose, then twice daily 5 mg/kg for 7 days), MK-801 (1 mg/kg; i.p) and their combination were used. The results obtained has shown that all the chosen regimens opposed the upregulated dementia markers (Aβ1-40,p(Thr231)Tau) and inflammatory protein contents/expression of p(Ser53s6)NF-κBp65, TNF-α, IL-6,and IL-1β and the elevated GFAP in immune stained cortex sections. Additionally, they exerted anti-apoptotic activity by decreasing caspase-3 activity and increasing Bcl-2 contents. Saving brain tissues was evident after these therapeutic agents via upregulating the non-canonical Wnt-1/PKC-α cue and IL-10/p(Tyr(1007/1008))JAK-2/p(Tyr705)STAT-3 signaling pathway to confirm enhancement of survival pathways on the molecular level. Such results were imitated by correcting the injury dependent deviated behavior, where Morin alone or in combination enhanced behavior outcome. On one side, our study refers to the implication of two survival signaling pathways; viz.,the non-canonical Wnt-1/PKC-α and p(Tyr(1007/1008))JAK-2/p(Tyr705)STAT-3 in single and repetitive mRTBI along with distorted dementia markers, inflammation and apoptotic process that finally disrupted behavior. On the other side, intervention through affecting all these targets by Morin alone or with MK-801 affords a promising neuroprotective effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman A Soubh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amira A El-Gazar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman A Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza S Awad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang W, Bai SS, Zhang Q, Shi RL, Wang HC, Liu YC, Ni TJ, Wu Y, Yao ZY, Sun Y, Wang MY. Physalin B reduces Aβ secretion through down-regulation of BACE1 expression by activating FoxO1 and inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:732-740. [PMID: 34688463 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Physalin B (PB), one of the major active steroidal constituents of Solanaceae Physalis plants, has a wide variety of biological activities. We found that PB significantly down-regulated β-amyloid (Aβ) secretion in N2a/APPsw cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the current study, we investigated the changes in key enzymes involved in β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism and other APP metabolites by treating N2a/APPsw cells with PB at different concentrations. The results indicated that PB reduced Aβ secretion, which was caused by down-regulation of β-secretase (BACE1) expression, as indicated at both the protein and mRNA levels. Further research revealed that PB regulated BACE1 expression by inducing the activation of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In addition, the effect of PB on BACE1 expression and Aβ secretion was reversed by treatment with FoxO1 siRNA and STAT3 antagonist S3I-201. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that PB can effectively down-regulate the expression of BACE1 to reduce Aβsecretion by activating the expression of FoxO1 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shan-Shan Bai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Grade 2019, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ru-Ling Shi
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - He-Cheng Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - You-Cai Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Tian-Jun Ni
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Nursing Care, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Ming-Yong Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yun JH, Lee DH, Jeong HS, Kim HS, Ye SK, Cho CH. STAT3 activation in microglia exacerbates hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in diabetic brains. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7058-7070. [PMID: 33754353 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by hyperglycemia leads to a variety of complications, including cognitive impairment or memory loss. The hippocampus is a key brain area for learning and memory and is one of the regions that is most sensitive to diabetes. However, the pathogenesis of diabetic neuronal lesion is not yet completely understood. We focused on the association of microglia activation and brain lesions in diabetes. In this study, we investigated whether and how signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation in microglia affects neuronal lesions in diabetic brains. Using a streptozotocin-induced type 1 DM model, we showed enhanced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis that was associated with increased STAT3 activation. We found that hyperglycemia increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-6, in the diabetic hippocampus. In particular, IFN-γ induced autocrine activation of microglia, and STAT3 activation is important for this process. We also demonstrated that STAT3 activation in microglia increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression; subsequently, TNF-α increased neuronal apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the neuronal cells. We also took advantage of mice lacking STAT3 in microglia and demonstrated that depletion of microglial STAT3 reduced neuronal apoptosis in the diabetic hippocampus. Taken together, these results suggest that STAT3 activation in microglia plays an important role in hyperglycemia-induced neuronal apoptosis in the diabetic hippocampus and provide a potential therapeutic benefit of STAT3 inhibition in microglia for preventing diabetic neuronal lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Hyuk Yun
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwondo, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seok Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang J, Liu B, Xu Y, Luan H, Wang C, Yang M, Zhao R, Song M, Liu J, Sun L, You J, Wang W, Sun F, Yan H. Thioperamide attenuates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease via inhibiting gliosis. Exp Neurol 2021; 347:113870. [PMID: 34563511 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, which characterized by deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal loss, and accompanied by neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammatory processes are well acknowledged to contribute to the progression of AD pathology. Histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is a presynaptic autoreceptor regulating histamine release via negative feedback way. Recently, studies show that H3R are highly expressed not only in neurons but also in microglia and astrocytes. H3R antagonist has been reported to have anti-inflammatory efficacy. However, whether inhibition of H3R is responsible for the anti-neuroinflammation in glial cells and neuroprotection on APPswe, PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1 Tg) mice remain unclear. In this study, we found that inhibition of H3R by thioperamide reduced the gliosis and induced a phenotypical switch from A1 to A2 in astrocytes, and ultimately attenuated neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Tg mice. Additionally, thioperamide rescued the decrease of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and suppressed the phosphorylated P65 nuclear factor kappa B (p-P65 NF-κB) in APP/PS1 Tg mice. H89, an inhibitor of CREB signaling, abolished these effects of thioperamide to suppress gliosis and proinflammatory cytokine release. Lastly, thioperamide alleviated the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) and cognitive dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice, which were both reversed by administration of H89. Taken together, these results suggested the H3R antagonist thioperamide improved cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 Tg mice via modulation of the CREB-mediated gliosis and inflammation inhibiting, which contributed to Aβ clearance. This study uncovered a novel mechanism involving inflammatory regulating behind the therapeutic effect of thioperamide in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Haiyun Luan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Meizi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Runming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Linshan Sun
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jingjing You
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Fengjiao Sun
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Haijing Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Conz A, Musi CA, Russo L, Borsello T, Colnaghi L. Super-resolution study of PIAS SUMO E3-ligases in hippocampal and cortical neurons. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65:3241. [PMID: 34459572 PMCID: PMC8419632 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The SUMOylation machinery is a regulator of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. It is composed of SUMO isoforms and specialized enzymes named E1, E2 and E3 SUMO ligases. Recent studies have highlighted how SUMO isoforms and E2 enzymes localize with synaptic markers to support previous functional studies but less information is available on E3 ligases. PIAS proteins - belonging to the protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS) SUMO E3-ligase family - are the best-characterized SUMO E3-ligases and have been linked to the formation of spatial memory in rodents. Whether however they exert their function co-localizing with synaptic markers is still unclear. In this study, we applied for the first time structured illumination microscopy (SIM) to PIAS ligases to investigate the co-localization of PIAS1 and PIAS3 with synaptic markers in hippocampal and cortical murine neurons. The results indicate partial co-localization of PIAS1 and PIAS3 with synaptic markers in hippocampal neurons and much rarer occurrence in cortical neurons. This is in line with previous super-resolution reports describing the co-localization with synaptic markers of other components of the SUMOylation machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Conz
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan.
| | - Clara Alice Musi
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan.
| | - Luca Russo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan.
| | - Tiziana Borsello
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rather MA, Khan A, Alshahrani S, Rashid H, Qadri M, Rashid S, Alsaffar RM, Kamal MA, Rehman MU. Inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications by Natural Products. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9982954. [PMID: 34381308 PMCID: PMC8352708 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9982954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no clear causative event making the disease difficult to diagnose and treat. The pathological hallmarks of AD include amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and widespread neuronal loss. Amyloid-beta has been extensively studied and targeted to develop an effective disease-modifying therapy, but the success rate in clinical practice is minimal. Recently, neuroinflammation has been focused on as the event in AD progression to be targeted for therapies. Various mechanistic pathways including cytokines and chemokines, complement system, oxidative stress, and cyclooxygenase pathways are linked to neuroinflammation in the AD brain. Many cells including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes work together to protect the brain from injury. This review is focused to better understand the AD inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs to slow down the progression of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mashoque Ahmad Rather
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana M. Alsaffar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- West China School of Nursing/Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Shan S, Xu F, Brenig B. Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal Neurological Genes for Dog Herding, Predation, Temperament, and Trainability Traits. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:693290. [PMID: 34368281 PMCID: PMC8335642 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.693290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using dog breed standard values as phenotypic measurements is an efficient way to identify genes associated with morphological and behavioral traits. As a result of strong human purposeful selections, several specialized behavioral traits such as herding and hunting have been formed in different modern dog breeds. However, genetic analyses on this topic are rather limited due to the accurate phenotyping difficulty for these complex behavioral traits. Here, 268 dog whole-genome sequences from 130 modern breeds were used to investigate candidate genes underlying dog herding, predation, temperament, and trainability by GWAS. Behavioral phenotypes were obtained from the American Kennel Club based on dog breed standard descriptions or groups (conventional categorization of dog historical roles). The GWAS results of herding behavior (without body size as a covariate) revealed 44 significantly associated sites within five chromosomes. Significantly associated sites on CFA7, 9, 10, and 20 were located either in or near neuropathological or neuronal genes including THOC1, ASIC2, MSRB3, LLPH, RFX8, and CHL1. MSRB3 and CHL1 genes were reported to be associated with dog fear. Since herding is a restricted hunting behavior by removing killing instinct, 36 hounds and 55 herding dogs were used to analyze predation behavior. Three neuronal-related genes (JAK2, MEIS1, and LRRTM4) were revealed as candidates for predation behavior. The significantly associated variant of temperament GWAS was located within ACSS3 gene. The highest associated variant in trainability GWAS is located on CFA22, with no variants detected above the Bonferroni threshold. Since dog behaviors are correlated with body size, we next incorporate body mass as covariates into GWAS; and significant signals around THOC1, MSRB3, LLPH, RFX8, CHL1, LRRTM4, and ACSS3 genes were still detected for dog herding, predation, and temperament behaviors. In humans, these candidate genes are either involved in nervous system development or associated with mental disorders. In conclusion, our results imply that these neuronal or psychiatric genes might be involved in biological processes underlying dog herding, predation, and temperament behavioral traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Shan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fangzheng Xu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang L, Fang Y, Zhao X, Zheng Y, Ma Y, Li S, Huang Z, Li L. miR-204 silencing reduces mitochondrial autophagy and ROS production in a murine AD model via the TRPML1-activated STAT3 pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:822-831. [PMID: 34026326 PMCID: PMC8121631 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereby accumulation of damaged mitochondria in conjunction with impaired mitophagy contributes to neurodegeneration. Various non-transcribed microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in this process. In the present study, we aimed to decipher the participation of miR-204 in a murine AD model. Primary hippocampal neurons were isolated from mice and treated with β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42) to establish a cell model of AD. Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate and dihydrorhodamine 123 staining assays were performed to measure total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS production in neurons, and MitoSOX staining was done to analyze mitochondrial ROS production in hippocampus. Furthermore, mitochondrial autophagy was observed in hippocampus from amyloid precursor protein/pesenilin-1 AD modeled mice, and their cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze. Mitochondrial damage, ROS production, and mitochondrial autophagy were observed in AD cell model induced by Aβ1-42. In AD, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and transient receptor potential mucolipin-1 (TRPML1) expression was downregulated, although miR-204 expression was upregulated. TRPML1 overexpression, downregulation of miR-204, or STAT3 pathway activation reduced the Aβ1-42-induced mitochondrial damage, along with ROS production and mitochondrial autophagy in vivo and in vitro. Silencing of miR-204 could upregulate TRPML1 expression, thus suppressing ROS production and mitochondrial autophagy in AD through STAT3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yake Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yunqing Ma
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lihao Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
You J, Sun L, Wang J, Sun F, Wang W, Wang D, Fan X, Liu D, Xu Z, Qiu C, Chen J, Yan H, Liu B. Role of Adiponectin-Notch pathway in cognitive dysfunction associated with depression and in the therapeutic effect of physical exercise. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13387. [PMID: 34053165 PMCID: PMC8208781 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial percentage of late‐life depression patients also have an cognitive impairment, which severely affects the life quality, while the co‐occurring mechanisms are still unclear. Physical exercise can ameliorate both depressive behaviors and cognitive dysfunction, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects remain elusive. In this study, we uncover a novel adipose tissue to hippocampus crosstalk mediated by Adiponectin‐Notch pathway, with an impact on hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. Adiponectin, an adipocyte‐derived hormone, could activate Notch signaling in the hippocampus through upregulating ADAM10 and Notch1, two key molecules in the Notch signaling. Chronic stress inhibits the Adiponectin‐Notch pathway and induces impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive dysfunction, which can be rescued by AdipoRon and running. Inhibition Notch signaling by DAPT mimics the adverse effects of chronic stress on hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. Adiponectin knockout mice display depressive‐like behaviors, associated with inhibited Notch signaling, impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive dysfunction. Physical exercise could activate Adiponectin‐Notch pathway, and improve hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function, while deleting adiponectin gene or inhibiting Notch signaling blocks its beneficial effects. Together, our data not only suggest that Adiponectin‐Notch pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction associated with depression, but also contributes to the therapeutic effect of physical exercise. This work helps to decipher the etiology of cognitive impairment associated with depression and hence will provide a potential innovative therapeutic target for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing You
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Linshan Sun
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Jiangong Wang
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Fengjiao Sun
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Xueli Fan
- Department of Neurology Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Dunjiang Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Changyun Qiu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Jinbo Chen
- Department of Neurology Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| | - Haijing Yan
- Department of Pharmacology College of Basic Medicine Binzhou Medical University Yantai China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University Hospital Shandong China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lyra E Silva NM, Gonçalves RA, Pascoal TA, Lima-Filho RAS, Resende EDPF, Vieira ELM, Teixeira AL, de Souza LC, Peny JA, Fortuna JTS, Furigo IC, Hashiguchi D, Miya-Coreixas VS, Clarke JR, Abisambra JF, Longo BM, Donato J, Fraser PE, Rosa-Neto P, Caramelli P, Ferreira ST, De Felice FG. Pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 signaling links cognitive impairments and peripheral metabolic alterations in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:251. [PMID: 33911072 PMCID: PMC8080782 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with memory impairment and altered peripheral metabolism. Mounting evidence indicates that abnormal signaling in a brain-periphery metabolic axis plays a role in AD pathophysiology. The activation of pro-inflammatory pathways in the brain, including the interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway, comprises a potential point of convergence between memory dysfunction and metabolic alterations in AD that remains to be better explored. Using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed signs of probable inflammation in the hypothalamus and in the hippocampus of AD patients when compared to cognitively healthy control subjects. Pathological examination of post-mortem AD hypothalamus revealed the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau and tangle-like structures, as well as parenchymal and vascular amyloid deposits surrounded by astrocytes. T2 hyperintensities on MRI positively correlated with plasma IL-6, and both correlated inversely with cognitive performance and hypothalamic/hippocampal volumes in AD patients. Increased IL-6 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) were observed in post-mortem AD brains. Moreover, activation of the IL-6 pathway was observed in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of AD mice. Neutralization of IL-6 and inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in the brains of AD mouse models alleviated memory impairment and peripheral glucose intolerance, and normalized plasma IL-6 levels. Collectively, these results point to IL-6 as a link between cognitive impairment and peripheral metabolic alterations in AD. Targeting pro-inflammatory IL-6 signaling may be a strategy to alleviate memory impairment and metabolic alterations in the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Lyra E Silva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Rafaella A Gonçalves
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tharick A Pascoal
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ricardo A S Lima-Filho
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elisa de Paula França Resende
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Erica L M Vieira
- Centre of Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Antonio L Teixeira
- Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Santa Casa BH Ensino e Pesquisa, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo C de Souza
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Julyanna A Peny
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana T S Fortuna
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isadora C Furigo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Debora Hashiguchi
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian S Miya-Coreixas
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Julia R Clarke
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jose F Abisambra
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Beatriz M Longo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Donato
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paul E Fraser
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sergio T Ferreira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda G De Felice
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical and Molecuar Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
An activity-dependent determinant of synapse elimination in the mammalian brain. Neuron 2021; 109:1333-1349.e6. [PMID: 33770504 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
To establish functional neural circuits in the brain, synaptic connections are refined by neural activity during development, where active connections are maintained and inactive ones are eliminated. However, the molecular signals that regulate synapse refinement remain to be elucidated. When we inactivate a subset of neurons in the mouse cingulate cortex, their callosal connections are eliminated through activity-dependent competition. Using this system, we identify JAK2 tyrosine kinase as a key regulator of inactive synapse elimination. We show that JAK2 is necessary and sufficient for elimination of inactive connections; JAK2 is activated at inactive synapses in response to signals from other active synapses; STAT1, a substrate of JAK2, mediates inactive synapse elimination; JAK2 signaling is critical for physiological refinement of synapses during normal development; and JAK2 regulates synapse refinement in multiple brain regions. We propose that JAK2 is an activity-dependent switch that serves as a determinant of inactive synapse elimination.
Collapse
|
45
|
Wan HL, Hong XY, Zhao ZH, Li T, Zhang BG, Liu Q, Zhao S, Wang JZ, Shen XF, Liu GP, Liu GP. STAT3 ameliorates cognitive deficits via regulation of NMDAR expression in an Alzheimer's disease animal model. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5511-5524. [PMID: 33859760 PMCID: PMC8039956 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Abnormal tau accumulation in the brain has a positively correlation with neurodegeneration and memory deterioration, but the mechanism underlying tau-associated synaptic and cognitive impairments remains unclear. Our previous work has found that human full length tau (hTau) accumulation activated signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) to suppress N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) expression, followed by memory deficits. STAT3 also belongs to STAT protein family and is reported to involve in regulation of synaptic plasticity and cognition. Here, we investigated the role of STAT3 in the cognitive deficits induced by hTau accumulation. Methods: In vitro studies HEK293 cells were used. EMSA, Luciferase reporter assay, and Immunoprecipitation were applied to detect STAT3 activity. In vivo studies, AAV virus were injected into the hippocampal CA3 region of C57 mice. Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence were applied to examine the level of synaptic proteins. Electrophysiological analysis, behavioral testing and Golgi impregnation were used to determine synaptic plasticity and memory ability recovery after overexpressing STAT3 or non-acetylated STAT1. Results: Our results showed that hTau accumulation acetylated STAT1 to retain STAT3 in the cytoplasm by increasing the binding of STAT1 with STAT3, and thus inactivated STAT3. Overexpressing STAT3 or non-acetylated STAT1 ameliorated hTau-induced synaptic loss and memory deficits by increasing the expression of NMDARs. Conclusions: Taken together, our study indicates that hTau accumulation impaired synaptic plasticity through STAT3 inactivation induced suppression of NMDARs expression, revealing a novel mechanism for hTau-associated synapse and memory deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gong-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang J, Liu B, Xu Y, Yang M, Wang C, Song M, Liu J, Wang W, You J, Sun F, Wang D, Liu D, Yan H. Activation of CREB-mediated autophagy by thioperamide ameliorates β-amyloid pathology and cognition in Alzheimer's disease. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13333. [PMID: 33682314 PMCID: PMC7963336 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, and the imbalance between production and clearance of β-amyloid (Aβ) is involved in its pathogenesis. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway whereby leads to removal of aggregated proteins, up-regulation of which may be a plausible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD. Histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is a presynaptic autoreceptor regulating histamine release via negative feedback way. Our previous study showed that thioperamide, as an antagonist of H3R, enhances autophagy and protects against ischemic injury. However, the effect of thioperamide on autophagic function and Aβ pathology in AD remains unknown. In this study, we found that thioperamide promoted cognitive function, ameliorated neuronal loss, and Aβ pathology in APP/PS1 transgenic (Tg) mice. Interestingly, thioperamide up-regulated autophagic level and lysosomal function both in APP/PS1 Tg mice and in primary neurons under Aβ-induced injury. The neuroprotection by thioperamide against AD was reversed by 3-MA, inhibitor of autophagy, and siRNA of Atg7, key autophagic-related gene. Furthermore, inhibition of activity of CREB, H3R downstream signaling, by H89 reversed the effect of thioperamide on promoted cell viability, activated autophagic flux, and increased autophagic-lysosomal proteins expression, including Atg7, TFEB, and LAMP1, suggesting a CREB-dependent autophagic activation by thioperamide in AD. Taken together, these results suggested that H3R antagonist thioperamide improved cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 Tg mice via modulation of the CREB-mediated autophagy and lysosomal pathway, which contributed to Aβ clearance. This study uncovered a novel mechanism involving autophagic regulating behind the therapeutic effect of thioperamide in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Meizi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jingjing You
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Fengjiao Sun
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Dunjiang Liu
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Haijing Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li L, Zhang C. Venlafaxine Attenuated the Cognitive and Memory Deficit in Mice Exposed to Isoflurane Alone. Front Neurol 2021; 12:591223. [PMID: 33708168 PMCID: PMC7940694 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.591223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication during the post-operative period. It affects the recovery time of the patient after surgery and the stay time in hospital, which causes a great deal of burden to patients and families emotionally and financially. However, there is no specific and effective treatment available for this disorder. Recent study indicated exposure to general anesthetics contributed to POCD by triggering gamma-amino butyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors hyperactivities that persisted even the anesthetic compounds have been eliminated. Here, we investigated the antidepressant, venlafaxine (VLX), in a mouse model of POCD and studied whether VLX attenuated the cognitive dysfunction of mice exposed to general anesthetic, isoflurane (ISO). We found that ISO significantly induced an increased surface expression of the GABAA receptor subunit, α5, in the hippocampus of the mice. However, VLX treatment reduced the increase in α5 subunit expression. Meanwhile, we found the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6 in the brains of mice exposed to ISO were significantly increased. However, VLX could prevent the increase in these cytokines. We also investigated the memory deficit of these mice by using a Y maze behavioral test. Mice with ISO exposure showed decreased alternation performance that could be prevented by the VLX treatment. Collectively, our results here are in line with the previous findings that α5 subunit plays an important role of the formation of POCD, but VLX may be a promising candidate compound for the treatment of POCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital, South Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunhai Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li M, Geng R, Li C, Meng F, Zhao H, Liu J, Dai J, Wang X. Dysregulated gene-associated biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and aging. Transl Neurosci 2021; 12:83-95. [PMID: 33623715 PMCID: PMC7885957 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder with a hidden onset, including difficult early detection and diagnosis. Nevertheless, the new crucial biomarkers for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of AD need to be explored further. Here, the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through a comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Furthermore, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that these DEGs were mainly associated with biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, which are involved in multiple cellular functions. Next, we found that 9 of the 24 genes showed the same regulatory changes in the blood of patients with AD compared to those in the GEO database, and 2 of the 24 genes showed a significant correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. Finally, we determined that mice with AD and elderly mice had the same regulatory changes in the identified DEGs in both the blood and hippocampus. Our study identified several potential core biomarkers of AD and aging, which could contribute to the early detection, differential diagnosis, treatment, and pathological analysis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Rongxin Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Fantao Meng
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Long QH, Wu YG, He LL, Ding L, Tan AH, Shi HY, Wang P. Suan-Zao-Ren Decoction ameliorates synaptic plasticity through inhibition of the Aβ deposition and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in AD model of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Chin Med 2021; 16:14. [PMID: 33478552 PMCID: PMC7818567 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Suan-Zao-Ren Decoction (SZRD) has been widely used to treat neurological illnesses, including dementia, insomnia and depression. However, the mechanisms underlying SZRD’s improvement in cognitive function remain unclear. In this study, we examined SZRD’s effect on APP/PS1 transgenic mice and mechanisms associated with SZRD’s action in alleviating neuroinflammation and improving synaptic plasticity. Methods
The APP/PS1 mice were treated with different dosages of SZRD (12.96 and 25.92 g/kg/day, in L-SZRD and H-SZRD groups, respectively) for 4 weeks. Morris water maze was conducted to determine changes in behaviors of the mice after the treatment. Meanwhile, in the samples of the hippocampus, Nissl staining and Golgi-Cox staining were used to detect synaptic plasticity. ELISA was applied to assess the expression levels of Aβ1−40 and Aβ1−42 in the hippocampus of mice. Western blot (WB) was employed to test the protein expression level of Aβ1−42, APP, ADAM10, BACE1, PS1, IDE, IBA1, GFAP, PSD95 and SYN, as well as the expressions of JAK2, STAT3 and their phosphorylation patterns to detect the involvement of JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Besides, we examined the serum and hippocampal contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α through ELISA. Results Compared to the APP/PS1 mice without any treatment, SZRD, especially the L-SZRD, significantly ameliorated cognitive impairment of the APP/PS1 mice with decreases in the loss of neurons and Aβ plaque deposition as well as improvement of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Also, SZRD, in particular, the L-SZRD markedly inhibited the serum and hippocampal concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, while reducing the expression of p-JAK2-Tyr1007 and p-STAT3-Tyr705 in the hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions The SZRD, especially the L-SZRD, may improve the cognitive impairment and ameliorate the neural degeneration in APP/PS1 transgenic mice through inhibiting Aβ accumulation and neuroinflammation via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Long
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Yong-Gui Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Li-Ling He
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Li Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Ai-Hua Tan
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - He-Yuan Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Restoration of the reduced CLSP activity alleviates memory impairment in Alzheimer disease. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:44. [PMID: 33441550 PMCID: PMC7806720 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP), a secreted peptide, inhibits neuronal death in cell-based Alzheimer's disease (AD) models and transgenic overexpression of the CLSP gene suppresses synaptic loss and memory impairment in AD model mice, APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice (APP/PS1 mice). Despite the anticipated role of CLSP as an AD-suppressing factor, it remains unanswered whether the insufficiency of the CLSP activity is linked to the AD pathogenesis. In this study, we first show that adiponectin, a CLSP potentiator/protector, dominantly determines the CLSP activity in the central nervous system where there are sufficient concentrations of CLSP, higher concentrations of CLSP inhibitors such as apolipoprotein E, and smaller concentrations of adiponectin. We next show that both the levels of brain adiponectin and the intraneuronal levels of SH3BP5, an important effector of the CLSP signal, are reduced in both AD patients and APP/PS1 mice. Finally, the restoration of the CLSP activity by subcutaneous injection of a hybrid peptide named CLSPCOL consisting of CLSP(1-61) and the collagen-homologous region of adiponectin, which has more potent neuroprotective activity than CLSP, is insensitive to the suppression by the CLSP inhibitors, and is efficiently recruited into brains, alleviates dementia and synaptic loss in the aged APP/PS1 mice. Collectively, these results suggest that the reduction in the CLSP activity, likely caused by the reduction in the levels of adiponectin, leads to the insufficient protection of neurons from neurotoxicity in the AD brains and the restoration of the CLSP activity is a promising strategy for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
|