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Wu Y, Zhu Z, Lan T, Li S, Li Y, Wang C, Feng Y, Mao X, Yu S. Levomilnacipran Improves Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Dysregulation of Synaptic Plasticity and Depression-Like Behaviors via Activating BDNF/TrkB Mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4102-4115. [PMID: 38057644 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychological disease with high morbidity and mortality. Recently, the involvement of synaptic plasticity in the pathogenesis of depression has shed light on the direction of developing novel antidepressants. Levomilnacipran is a newly approved medication for the treatment of adult major depressive disorder. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying its antidepressant-like effects have yet to be illuminated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of levomilnacipran in regulating synaptic plasticity and explore the possible molecular mechanisms of its antidepressant effects using a rat model of depression induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results demonstrated that levomilnacipran (30 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly ameliorated depression-like behaviors in rats, alleviated the dysregulation of synaptic plasticity, and suppressed neuroinflammation within hippocampus induced by LPS-treatment. Levomilnacipran increased the expression of postsynaptic dense 95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin (Syn) and reversed the imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines within hippocampus of depressed rats. Additionally, levomilnacipran elevated expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), accompanied by increased tyrosine kinase B (TrkB), phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR). Taken together, these results suggest that levomilnacipran may exert antidepressant effects via upregulating BDNF/TrkB mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to improve synaptic plasticity. These findings reveal potential mechanisms for the antidepressant effects of levomilnacipran and offer new insights into the treatments for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanpeng Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhan Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Changmin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabo Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Mao
- Department of Psychology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuyan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Smit AJT, Wu GWY, Rampersaud R, Reus VI, Wolkowitz OM, Mellon SH. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Val66Met polymorphism and open-label SSRI treatment response in Major Depressive Disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 165:107045. [PMID: 38636352 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been implicated in the therapeutic action of antidepressants and possibly in the pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Clinical studies of peripheral blood levels of BDNF in MDD have provided conflicting results, and there are also conflicting reports regarding the predictive value of peripheral BDNF levels for antidepressant treatment response. The present study investigated the association between serum BDNF levels, the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism (rs6265), clinical characteristics and SSRI treatment response. METHODS This open-label clinical trial included 99 physically healthy, unmedicated MDD participants and 70 healthy controls. Following a baseline assessment, 53 of the MDD participants completed an eight-week, open-label course of SSRI antidepressant treatment. Serum BDNF levels and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS) ratings were examined at baseline and after eight weeks of treatment. Antidepressant response was defined as a decrease in HDRS ratings of > 50% from baseline to the end-of-treatment. Finally, serum BDNF levels and SSRI treatment response were compared between MDD participants who were heterozygous or homozygous for the Met allele ("Met-carriers") and individuals homozygous for the Val allele. RESULTS Serum BDNF levels at baseline were significantly higher in the unmedicated MDD participants compared to healthy controls (15.90 ng/ml vs 13.75 ng/ml, t (167) = -2.041, p = 0.043). In a post-hoc analysis, this difference was seen in the female but not male participants (16.85 ng/ml vs 14.06 ng/ml, t (91) = -2.067, p = 0.042; 14.86 ng/ml vs 13.31 ng/ml, t (74) = -0.923, p = 0.359). Baseline serum BDNF levels were not associated with treatment responder status or with absolute change in depression ratings over the course of 8-week SSRI treatment (p = 0.599). In both Responders and Non-responders, no significant changes in serum BDNF levels were found over the 8-week period of SSRI-treatment (16.32 ng/ml vs 16.23 ng/ml, t (18) = 0.060, p = 0.953; 16.04 ng/ml vs 15.61 ng/ml, t (29) = 0.438, p = 0.665, respectively). Further, no differences were found in serum BDNF levels prior to treatment between MDD Met-carriers and MDD Val/Val homozygotes (15.32 ng/ml vs 16.36 ng/ml, t (85) = 0.747, p = 0.457), and no differences were found in post-treatment serum BDNF (F1,42= 0.031, p = 0.862). However, MDD Val/Val homozygotes showed significantly greater antidepressant responses at week 8 than did MDD Met-carriers (F1,46 = 4.366, p = 0.043). CONCLUSION Our results do not support sufficient reliability of using peripheral BDNF to characterize depression or to predict antidepressant response in clinical use. The role of sex in moderating BDNF differences in depression, and the role of BDNF gene polymorphisms in predicting antidepressant response, remain to be further investigated. We conclude that, while central nervous system BDNF is likely involved in antidepressant efficacy and in aspects of MDD pathophysiology, its reflection in serum BDNF levels is of limited diagnostic or prognostic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J T Smit
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gwyneth W Y Wu
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Rampersaud
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Victor I Reus
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Synthia H Mellon
- Department of OB-GYN and Reproductive Sciences, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Merabtine T, Tarhini Z, Preux PM, Christou N, Jost J. Effects of antidepressant and antipsychotic medication on peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115946. [PMID: 38703562 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulatory protein in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Several studies have reported the relationship between peripheral BDNF concentrations and the use of psychoactive drugs. However, the results remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of psychoactive drugs on BDNF concentrations and to explore the association between changes in BDNF concentrations and improvements in clinical scores. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Six electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Science Direct, were searched. Changes in BDNF concentrations were compared before and after psychoactive treatment, using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI). Twenty-three studies were included. A significant increase in serum BDNF concentrations was observed after treatment with antipsychotics (SMD=0.43; 95 %CI: 0.26, 0.60) and antidepressants (SMD=0.49; 95 %CI: 0.23, 0.74). However, the plasma BDNF concentration was not affected by antidepressant and antipsychotic medication. Although an improvement in clinical scores was observed after treatment, no significant association was observed between changes in BDNF concentrations and the changes in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) scores. In conclusion, antidepressants and antipsychotics increase serum BDNF concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassadit Merabtine
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France
| | - Zeinab Tarhini
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France; Laboratory INSERM U1308, CAPTuR, Control of cell Activation in Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance, Medical School- 2 rue du Docteur Marcland 87025 LIMOGES Cedex, France; General Cancer Registry in Haute-Vienne, University Hospital of Limoges, Avenue Martin Luther King 87000 Limoges, France.
| | - Pierre-Marie Preux
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France; General Cancer Registry in Haute-Vienne, University Hospital of Limoges, Avenue Martin Luther King 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Niki Christou
- Laboratory INSERM U1308, CAPTuR, Control of cell Activation in Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance, Medical School- 2 rue du Docteur Marcland 87025 LIMOGES Cedex, France; Digestive Surgery Department, University Hospital of Limoges, Avenue Martin Luther King 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Jeremy Jost
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France; Pharmacy Department, University Hospital of Limoges, Avenue Martin Luther King 87000 Limoges, France
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Medved S, Salinas J, Kojis D, Weinstein G, Vasan RS, Beiser A, Seshadri S. The association between levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and comorbid depression in patients with cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Heart Study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38842141 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM The current study aims to investigate the association of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels with symptoms of depression in adults with and without prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD), an often burdensome comorbidity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included participants from FHS (Framingham Heart Study) who had available serum BDNF levels. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) with a score ≥16 indicating mild to moderate and ≥21 severe depression. Participants taking antidepressant medications were excluded from the study. RESULTS Altogether 3716 FHS participants were included in the final analysis (mean age, 64.3 ± 11.5 years; 55% women). After adjusting for potential confounders, greater BDNF levels were associated with reduced severe depression risk (odds ratio [OR], 0.78 [95% CI, 0.64-0.96]; P = 0.016). Among participants with CVD, greater BDNF levels were related to lower risk of depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16 OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.45-0.89], P = 0.008; CES-D ≥ 21 OR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.31-0.76], P = 0.002). The inverse relationship between BDNF and depressive symptom risk was present in women with CVD (CES-D ≥ 16 OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.40-0.99], P = 0.047; CES-D ≥ 21 OR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.21-0.70], P = 0.002) but not in men. CONCLUSION Lower serum BDNF levels are associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms in CVD, particularly among women. These findings implicate BDNF in the complex biological mechanisms that underlie prior associations observed between CVD and depression. To reduce the burden of depression in the large proportion of midlife and older adults with CVD, a better understanding of how BDNF may modify these pathways is merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Medved
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Joel Salinas
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Kojis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexa Beiser
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Dal N, Bilici S. An Overview of the Potential Role of Nutrition in Mental Disorders in the Light of Advances in Nutripsychiatry. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:69-81. [PMID: 38329691 PMCID: PMC11133159 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As research on the potential impact of nutrition on mental disorders, a significant component of global disability continues to grow the concepts of "nutritional psychiatry, psycho-dietetics/nutripsychiatry" have taken their place in the literature. This review is a comprehensive examination of the literature on the the potential mechanisms between common mental disorders and nutrition and evaluates the effectiveness of dietary interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Inflammation, oxidative stress, intestinal microbiota, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neural plasticity are shown as potential mechanisms in the relationship between mental disorders and nutrition. As a matter of fact, neurotrophic factors, which make important contributions to repair mechanisms throughout life, and neuronal plasticity, which plays a role in mental disorders, are affected by nutritional factors. In metabolism, the antioxidant defense system works with nutritional cofactors and phytochemicals. A balanced, planned diet that provides these components is more likely to provide nutrients that increase resilience against the pathogenesis of mental disorders. Nutrition can be considered a risk factor for mental disorders. Therefore, developing public health strategies focused on improving diet may help reduce the global burden of mental disorders and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursel Dal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey.
| | - Saniye Bilici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Page CE, Epperson CN, Novick AM, Duffy KA, Thompson SM. Beyond the serotonin deficit hypothesis: communicating a neuroplasticity framework of major depressive disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02625-2. [PMID: 38816586 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The serotonin deficit hypothesis explanation for major depressive disorder (MDD) has persisted among clinicians and the general public alike despite insufficient supporting evidence. To combat rising mental health crises and eroding public trust in science and medicine, researchers and clinicians must be able to communicate to patients and the public an updated framework of MDD: one that is (1) accessible to a general audience, (2) accurately integrates current evidence about the efficacy of conventional serotonergic antidepressants with broader and deeper understandings of pathophysiology and treatment, and (3) capable of accommodating new evidence. In this article, we summarize a framework for the pathophysiology and treatment of MDD that is informed by clinical and preclinical research in psychiatry and neuroscience. First, we discuss how MDD can be understood as inflexibility in cognitive and emotional brain circuits that involves a persistent negativity bias. Second, we discuss how effective treatments for MDD enhance mechanisms of neuroplasticity-including via serotonergic interventions-to restore synaptic, network, and behavioral function in ways that facilitate adaptive cognitive and emotional processing. These treatments include typical monoaminergic antidepressants, novel antidepressants like ketamine and psychedelics, and psychotherapy and neuromodulation techniques. At the end of the article, we discuss this framework from the perspective of effective science communication and provide useful language and metaphors for researchers, clinicians, and other professionals discussing MDD with a general or patient audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Page
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - C Neill Epperson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Helen and Arthur E. Johnson Depression Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew M Novick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Korrina A Duffy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Scott M Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Maier HB, Neyazi A, Bundies GL, Meyer-Bockenkamp F, Bleich S, Pathak H, Ziert Y, Neuhaus B, Müller FJ, Pollmann I, Illig T, Mücke S, Müller M, Möller BK, Oeltze-Jafra S, Kacprowski T, Voges J, Müntefering F, Scheiber J, Reif A, Aichholzer M, Reif-Leonhard C, Schmidt-Kassow M, Hegerl U, Reich H, Unterecker S, Weber H, Deckert J, Bössel-Debbert N, Grabe HJ, Lucht M, Frieling H. Validation of the predictive value of BDNF -87 methylation for antidepressant treatment success in severely depressed patients-a randomized rater-blinded trial. Trials 2024; 25:247. [PMID: 38594753 PMCID: PMC11005235 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for antidepressant treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Our repeated studies suggest that DNA methylation of a specific CpG site in the promoter region of exon IV of the BDNF gene (CpG -87) might be predictive of the efficacy of monoaminergic antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and others. This trial aims to evaluate whether knowing the biomarker is non-inferior to treatment-as-usual (TAU) regarding remission rates while exhibiting significantly fewer adverse events (AE). METHODS The BDNF trial is a prospective, randomized, rater-blinded diagnostic study conducted at five university hospitals in Germany. The study's main hypothesis is that {1} knowing the methylation status of CpG -87 is non-inferior to not knowing it with respect to the remission rate while it significantly reduces the AE rate in patients experiencing at least one AE. The baseline assessment will occur upon hospitalization and a follow-up assessment on day 49 (± 3). A telephone follow-up will be conducted on day 70 (± 3). A total of 256 patients will be recruited, and methylation will be evaluated in all participants. They will be randomly assigned to either the marker or the TAU group. In the marker group, the methylation results will be shared with both the patient and their treating physician. In the TAU group, neither the patients nor their treating physicians will receive the marker status. The primary endpoints include the rate of patients achieving remission on day 49 (± 3), defined as a score of ≤ 10 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-24), and the occurrence of AE. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial protocol has received approval from the Institutional Review Boards at the five participating universities. This trial holds significance in generating valuable data on a predictive biomarker for antidepressant treatment in patients with MDD. The findings will be shared with study participants, disseminated through professional society meetings, and published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00032503. Registered on 17 August 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Benedictine Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Neyazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg (OVGU), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel L Bundies
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Fiona Meyer-Bockenkamp
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Hansi Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Yvonne Ziert
- Institute of Biostatistics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara Neuhaus
- Center for Clinial Trials (ZKS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris Pollmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefanie Mücke
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Meike Müller
- Department of Biomarker Analysis and Development, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Brinja Kira Möller
- Department of Biomarker Analysis and Development, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steffen Oeltze-Jafra
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Division Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute of Technische Universität Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre for Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan Voges
- Institut Für Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabian Müntefering
- Institut Für Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Reif
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt Am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Mareike Aichholzer
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christine Reif-Leonhard
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maren Schmidt-Kassow
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- German Foundation for Depression and Suicide Prevention, Leipzig, Germany
- Senckenberg Distinguished Professorship, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Goethe Universität Frankfurt Am Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hanna Reich
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Foundation for Depression and Suicide Prevention, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Unterecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Bössel-Debbert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Lucht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
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Zwolińska W, Bilska K, Tarhonska K, Reszka E, Skibińska M, Pytlińska N, Słopień A, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M. Biomarkers of Depression among Adolescent Girls: BDNF and Epigenetics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3281. [PMID: 38542252 PMCID: PMC10970207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression have been suggested to mediate the influence of environmental factors on the emergence of depression through epigenetic modifications. However, research on this subject in the developmental population is lacking and the pathophysiology of adolescent depression remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the alterations in BDNF expression and global DNA methylation in depression among adolescent girls. Thirty female inpatients with the initial diagnosis of depression were assessed before and after the period of antidepressant treatment and compared with thirty age-matched healthy controls. The assessment involved BDNF and proBDNF serum levels, the BDNF gene exon IV promoter methylation, and global DNA methylation. The methylation level in the BDNF gene exon IV promoter was significantly lower in the studied group compared with the control and correlated negatively with the severity of depression. The test distinguished the studied group from the controls with a sensitivity of 37% and specificity of 90%. The differences were no longer present after the period of antidepressant treatment. No differences in the global DNA methylation, BDNF, and proBDNF levels were found. We concluded that decreased methylation in the BDNF exon IV promoter could be considered as a biomarker of a depression state among adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Zwolińska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Karol Jonscher Clinical Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 St., 60-572 Poznan, Poland; (W.Z.); (N.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Karolina Bilska
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Medical Biology Center, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka St. 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Kateryna Tarhonska
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Łódź, Poland; (K.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Edyta Reszka
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Łódź, Poland; (K.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Maria Skibińska
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Medical Biology Center, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka St. 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Natalia Pytlińska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Karol Jonscher Clinical Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 St., 60-572 Poznan, Poland; (W.Z.); (N.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Słopień
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Karol Jonscher Clinical Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 St., 60-572 Poznan, Poland; (W.Z.); (N.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Medical Biology Center, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka St. 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.B.); (M.S.)
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9
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Barak R, Goshtasbi G, Fatehi R, Firouzabadi N. Signaling pathways and genetics of brain Renin angiotensin system in psychiatric disorders: State of the art. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 236:173706. [PMID: 38176544 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Along the conventional pathways, Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in the physiology of the CNS and pathogenesis of psychiatric diseases. RAS is a complex regulatory pathway which is composed of several peptides and receptors and comprises two counter-regulatory axes. The classical (ACE1/AngII/AT1 receptor) axis and the contemporary (ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas receptor) axis. The genes coding for elements of both axes have been broadly studied. Numerous functional polymorphisms on components of RAS have been identified to serve as informative disease and treatment markers. This review summarizes the role of each peptide and receptor in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders (depression, bipolar disorders and schizophrenia), followed by a concise look at the role of genetic polymorphism of the RAS in the pathophysiology of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Barak
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ghazal Goshtasbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Fatehi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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10
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Li S, Shao H, Sun T, Guo X, Zhang X, Zeng Q, Fang S, Liu X, Wang F, Liu F, Ling P. Anti-neuroinflammatory effect of hydroxytyrosol: a potential strategy for anti-depressant development. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366683. [PMID: 38495098 PMCID: PMC10940523 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder with substantial societal impact. While current antidepressants offer moderate efficacy, their adverse effects and limited understanding of depression's pathophysiology hinder the development of more effective treatments. Amidst this complexity, the role of neuroinflammation, a recognized but poorly understood associate of depression, has gained increasing attention. This study investigates hydroxytyrosol (HT), an olive-derived phenolic antioxidant, for its antidepressant and anti-neuroinflammatory properties based on mitochondrial protection. Methods: In vitro studies on neuronal injury models, the protective effect of HT on mitochondrial ultrastructure from inflammatory damage was investigated in combination with high-resolution imaging of mitochondrial substructures. In animal models, depressive-like behaviors of chronic restraint stress (CRS) mice and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats were examined to investigate the alleviating effects of HT. Targeted metabolomics and RNA-Seq in CUMS rats were used to analyze the potential antidepressant pathways of HT. Results: HT protected mitochondrial ultrastructure from inflammatory damage, thus exerting neuroprotective effects in neuronal injury models. Moreover, HT reduced depressive-like behaviors in mice and rats exposed to CRS and CUMS, respectively. HT's influence in the CRS model included alleviating hippocampal neuronal damage and modulating cytokine production, mitochondrial dysfunction, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Targeted metabolomics in CUMS rats revealed HT's effect on neurotransmitter levels and tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism. RNA-Seq data underscored HT's antidepressant mechanism through the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways, key in nerve fiber functions, myelin formation, microglial differentiation, and neural regeneration. Discussion: The findings underscore HT's potential as an anti-neuroinflammatory treatment for depression, shedding light on its antidepressant effects and its relevance in nutritional psychiatry. Further investigations are warranted to comprehensively delineate its mechanisms and optimize its clinical application in depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiguang Li
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huarong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingkai Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoying Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peixue Ling
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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11
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Vyas A, Doshi G. A cross talk on the role of contemporary biomarkers in depression. Biomarkers 2024; 29:18-29. [PMID: 38261718 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2308834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Biomarkers can be used to identify determinants of response to various treatments of mental disorders. Evidence to date demonstrates that markers of inflammatory, neurotransmitter, neurotrophic, neuroendocrine, and metabolic function can predict the psychological and physical consequences of depression in individuals, allowing for the development of new therapeutic targets with fewer side effects. Extensive research has included hundreds of potential biomarkers of depression, but their roles in depression, abnormal patients, and how bioinformatics can be used to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis have not been determined or defined. To determine which biomarkers can and cannot be used to predict treatment response, classify patients for specific treatments, and develop targets for new interventions, proprietary strategies, and current research projects need to be tailored.Material and Methods: This review article focuses on - biomarker systems that would help in the further development and expansion of newer targets - which holds great promise for reducing the burden of depression.Results and Discussion: Further, this review point to the inflammatory response, metabolic marker, and microribonucleic acids, long non-coding RNAs, HPA axis which are - related to depression and can serve as future targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Vyas
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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12
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Ikenouchi A, Okamoto N, Hamada S, Chibaatar E, Fujii R, Konishi Y, Igata R, Tesen H, Yoshimura R. Association between salivary mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor and psychological distress in healthcare workers. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3278. [PMID: 37822121 PMCID: PMC10726813 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have suggested association between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the stress level of workers. However, no studies have investigated the potential of salivary mature BDNF (mBDNF) level as a noninvasive biomarker for psychological distress. This study aimed to explore the reliability of salivary mBDNF as a biomarker for psychological distress in healthcare workers. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between salivary and plasma mBDNF levels and their correlation with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and exercise habits. METHODS Fifty-one healthy healthcare workers (26 men) from the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, participated in this study. In this cross-sectional study, participants provided demographic information. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler 6 (K6). Saliva and blood samples were collected, and mBDNF was measured by ELISA. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was performed to analyze the relationship between mBDNF (saliva and plasma) and K6. Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 17.0, and a significance level of p < .05 was applied. RESULTS The median K6 score was 1 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0-3). The median (IQR) salivary mBDNF was 1.36 (1.12-1.96) pg/mL, whereas the mean (standard deviation) plasma mBDNF was 1261.11 (242.98) pg/mL. No correlation was observed between salivary and plasma mBDNF concentrations or with the K6 score. Additionally, there were no associations between salivary or plasma mBDNF concentrations and age, sex, or exercise habits. Finally, an association between plasma mBDNF concentration and BMI was found only in univariate analysis. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that salivary mBDNF can be accurately measured noninvasively in healthcare workers. Within our study sample, salivary mBDNF did not demonstrate any correlation with K6 and plasma mBDNF. Future studies with a larger study sample and a diverse study population consisting of healthy participants and patients with psychiatric disorders are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Ikenouchi
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
- Medical Center for DementiaHospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Naomichi Okamoto
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Shinsuke Hamada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
- Medical Center for DementiaHospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Enkhmurun Chibaatar
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Rintaro Fujii
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Yuki Konishi
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Ryohei Igata
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Hirofumi Tesen
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
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13
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Castillo-Navarrete JL, Vicente B, Schmidt K, Moraga-Escobar E, Rojas-Ponce R, Lagos P, Macaya X, Guzman-Castillo A. Interaction of Val66Met BDNF and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms with prevalence of post-earthquake 27-F PTSD in Chilean population. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15870. [PMID: 37692110 PMCID: PMC10484206 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress (PTSD) disorder is a mental health condition that can occur after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. The 27-F earthquake that struck Chile in 2010 was one such event that had a significant impact on the mental health of the population. A study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of PTSD and its associated factors among survivors of this earthquake. The study was a longitudinal design, involving a sample of 913 patients aged 18 to 75 years who attended 10 Primary Care Centers in Concepción, Chile. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to assess both depressive episodes (DE) and PTSD before and after the earthquake. The study also involved genotyping studies using saliva samples from the participants, specifically focusing on the Val66Met and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. Statistical analysis was performed to examine the association between different variables and the presence of PTSD. These variables included demographic factors, family history of psychiatric disorders, DE, childhood maltreatment experiences, and critical traumatic events related to the earthquake. The results showed that the incidence of post-earthquake PTSD was 11.06%. No significant differences were found between the groups of participants who developed post-earthquake PTSD regarding the Val66Met or 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. However, a significant association was found between the concomitant diagnosis of DE and the development of post-earthquake PTSD. The presence of DE doubled the risk of developing post-earthquake PTSD. The number of traumatic events experienced also had a statistically significant association with an increased risk of developing post-earthquake PTSD. The study's limitations include the potential interference of different DE subtypes, the complexity of quantifying the degree of earthquake exposure experienced by each individual, and events entailing social disruption, such as looting, that can profoundly influence distress. In conclusion, the study found that PTSD following the 27-F earthquake in Chile was associated with a concomitant diagnosis of DE and the number of traumatic events experienced. The study did not find a significant association between PTSD and the Val66Met or 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. The researchers recommend that mental health professionals should prioritize the detection and treatment of concomitant depressive episodes and exposure to critical traumatic events in survivors of disasters. They also suggest that further research is needed to better understand the relationship between genetic factors and post-disaster PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Luis Castillo-Navarrete
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Programa Doctorado Salud Mental, Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Benjamin Vicente
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Kristin Schmidt
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Programa Doctorado Salud Mental, Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Esteban Moraga-Escobar
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Romina Rojas-Ponce
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Programa Doctorado Salud Mental, Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Paola Lagos
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ximena Macaya
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Alejandra Guzman-Castillo
- Programa Neurociencias, Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, NEPSAM, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Programa Doctorado Salud Mental, Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Morfología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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14
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Anaeigoudari F, Anaeigoudari A, Kheirkhah‐Vakilabad A. A review of therapeutic impacts of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its constituents. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15785. [PMID: 37537722 PMCID: PMC10400758 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of herbal medicines in the treatment of diseases is in the center of attention of medical scientific societies. Saffron (Cricus sativus L.) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Iridaceae family with different therapeutic properties. The outcomes of human and animal experiments indicate that therapeutic impacts of saffron and its constituents, crocin, crocetin, and safranal, mainly are mediated via inhibiting the inflammatory reactions and scavenging free radicals. It has been suggested that saffron and crocin extracted from it also up-regulate the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), down-regulate nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and untimely improve the body organs dysfunction. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) also is attributed to crocin. The current review narrates the therapeutic effects of saffron and its constituents on various body systems through looking for the scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar from the beginning of 2010 until the end of 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Anaeigoudari
- Student Research Committee, Afzalipour Faculty of MedicineKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Akbar Anaeigoudari
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineJiroft University of Medical SciencesJiroftIran
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15
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Vyas CM, Mischoulon D, Chang G, Reynolds CF, Cook NR, Weinberg A, Copeland T, Bubes V, Bradwin G, Lee IM, Buring JE, Mora S, Rifai N, Manson JE, Okereke OI. Relation of serum BDNF to major depression and exploration of mechanistic roles of serum BDNF in a study of vitamin D3 and omega-3 supplements for late-life depression prevention. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 163:357-364. [PMID: 37267732 PMCID: PMC10306120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study: 1) examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relations of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to late-life depression (LLD); 2) tested effects of vitamin D3 and omega-3s on change in BDNF; 3) explored modifying or mediating roles of BDNF on effects of vitamin D3 and omega-3s for LLD. We selected 400 adults from a completed trial of vitamin D3 and omega-3 supplements for LLD prevention. BDNF was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We administered semi-structured diagnostic interviews and Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]-9 to ascertain outcomes at baseline (depression caseness vs. non-caseness; PHQ-9) and at 2-year follow-up among baseline non-depressed individuals (incident vs. no incident MDD; change in PHQ-9). At baseline, while there were no significant differences in mean serum BDNF comparing depression cases and non-cases, being in the lowest vs. highest serum BDNF quartile was significantly associated with worse depressive symptoms. There were no significant longitudinal associations between serum BDNF and LLD. Neither supplement significantly affected change in BDNF; serum BDNF did not appear to modify or mediate treatment effects on LLD. In conclusion, we observed significant cross-sectional but not longitudinal associations between serum BDNF levels and LLD. Vitamin D3 or omega-3s did not alter serum BDNF over 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag M Vyas
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - David Mischoulon
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grace Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles F Reynolds
- Department of Psychiatry, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nancy R Cook
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison Weinberg
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Trisha Copeland
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vadim Bubes
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary Bradwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samia Mora
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nader Rifai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia I Okereke
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Chauhan V, Khan SA, Kulhari K. Correlation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor with severity of depression and treatment response. Med J Armed Forces India 2023; 79:451-457. [PMID: 37441286 PMCID: PMC10334149 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a modulator of neuroplasticity in the brain. It plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression through the stress pathway. The information about correlation of BDNF levels with depression severity and treatment response in Indian population is scarce. Methods Consecutive 60 never treated cases with depression reporting to a large tertiary care psychiatry unit and 60 healthy matched controls from 01 January 2016 to 31 December 2016 were enrolled for study. Sociodemographic data were collected. Diagnosis of depression was carried out as per International Classification of Diseases-10th revision (ICD-10) diagnostic criteria for research. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) was administered and accordingly scored. Venous blood for BDNF levels was collected from all cases and controls. Cases were reassessed after 04 weeks of treatment with HRSD and BDNF levels. Results The mean level of serum BDNF among cases (18.56 ng/ml) was found to be reduced significantly as compared with healthy controls (32.41 ng/ml). The mean serum BDNF level (18.56 ng/ml) in never treated cases was significantly negatively correlated with the median clinical HRSD score (18.5). There was a significant increase in the mean level of serum BDNF after antidepressant treatment. Conclusion The study has revealed statistically significant low levels of serum BDNF in cases not exposed to treatment with depression compared with healthy controls. There was significant negative correlation of levels of serum BDNF with depression severity. The levels of serum BDNF significantly increased after four weeks of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V.S. Chauhan
- Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Shahbaz Ali Khan
- Classified Specialist (Psychiatry), Command Hospital (Central Command), Lucknow, India
| | - Kanchan Kulhari
- Classified Specialist (Biochemistry & Pathology) Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandimandir, India
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Nakayama H, Ihara D, Fukuchi M, Toume K, Yuri C, Tsuda M, Shibahara N, Tabuchi A. The extract based on the Kampo formula daikenchuto (Da Jian Zhong Tang) induces Bdnf expression and has neurotrophic effects in cultured cortical neurons. J Nat Med 2023; 77:584-595. [PMID: 37148454 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01703-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Reductions in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression levels have been reported in the brains of patients with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, upregulating BDNF and preventing its decline in the diseased brain could help ameliorate neurological dysfunctions. Accordingly, we sought to discover agents that increase Bdnf expression in neurons. Here, we screened a library of 42 Kampo extracts to identify those with the ability to induce Bdnf expression in cultured cortical neurons. Among the active extracts identified in the screen, we focused on the extract based on the Kampo formula daikenchuto. The extract of daikenchuto in the library used in this study was prepared using the mixture of Zingiberis Rhizoma Processum (ZIN), Zanthoxyli Piperiti Pericarpium (ZAN), and Ginseng Radix (GIN) without Koi. In this study, we defined DKT as the mixture of ZIN, ZAN, and GIN without Koi (DKT extract means the extract prepared from the mixture of ZIN, ZAN, and GIN without Koi). DKT extract significantly increased endogenous Bdnf expression by mediated, at least in part, via Ca2+ signaling involving L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in cultured cortical neurons. Furthermore, DKT extract significantly improved the survival of cultured cortical neurons and increased neurite complexity in immature neurons. Taken together, our findings suggest that DKT extract induces Bdnf expression and has a neurotrophic effect in neurons. Because BDNF inducers are expected to have therapeutic potential for neurological disorders, re-positioning of Kampo formulations such as daikenchuto may lead to clinical application in diseases associated with reduced BDNF in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Nakayama
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mamoru Fukuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Department of Medicinal Resources Management, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Chisato Yuri
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Shibahara
- Kampo Education and Training Center, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Akiko Tabuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Jazvinšćak Jembrek M, Oršolić N, Karlović D, Peitl V. Flavonols in Action: Targeting Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086888. [PMID: 37108052 PMCID: PMC10138550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses that highly impairs quality of life. Pharmacological interventions are mainly focused on altered monoamine neurotransmission, which is considered the primary event underlying the disease's etiology. However, many other neuropathological mechanisms that contribute to the disease's progression and clinical symptoms have been identified. These include oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, hippocampal atrophy, reduced synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, the depletion of neurotrophic factors, and the dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Current therapeutic options are often unsatisfactory and associated with adverse effects. This review highlights the most relevant findings concerning the role of flavonols, a ubiquitous class of flavonoids in the human diet, as potential antidepressant agents. In general, flavonols are considered to be both an effective and safe therapeutic option in the management of depression, which is largely based on their prominent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, preclinical studies have provided evidence that they are capable of restoring the neuroendocrine control of the HPA axis, promoting neurogenesis, and alleviating depressive-like behavior. Although these findings are promising, they are still far from being implemented in clinical practice. Hence, further studies are needed to more comprehensively evaluate the potential of flavonols with respect to the improvement of clinical signs of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalibor Karlović
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Peitl
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Markov DD, Dolotov OV, Grivennikov IA. The Melanocortin System: A Promising Target for the Development of New Antidepressant Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076664. [PMID: 37047638 PMCID: PMC10094937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders, causing significant human suffering and socioeconomic loss. Since conventional antidepressants are not sufficiently effective, there is an urgent need to develop new antidepressant medications. Despite marked advances in the neurobiology of depression, the etiology and pathophysiology of this disease remain poorly understood. Classical and newer hypotheses of depression suggest that an imbalance of brain monoamines, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) and immune system, or impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotrophic factors pathways are cause of depression. It is assumed that conventional antidepressants improve these closely related disturbances. The purpose of this review was to discuss the possibility of affecting these disturbances by targeting the melanocortin system, which includes adrenocorticotropic hormone-activated receptors and their peptide ligands (melanocortins). The melanocortin system is involved in the regulation of various processes in the brain and periphery. Melanocortins, including peripherally administered non-corticotropic agonists, regulate HPAA activity, exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, stimulate the levels of neurotrophic factors, and enhance hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotransmission. Therefore, endogenous melanocortins and their analogs are able to complexly affect the functioning of those body’s systems that are closely related to depression and the effects of antidepressants, thereby demonstrating a promising antidepressant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii D. Markov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Dolotov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A. Grivennikov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Carotenoids in Mood Disorders: An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030676. [PMID: 36978923 PMCID: PMC10045512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression has a multifactorial etiology comprising family history and unemployment. This review aims to summarize the evidence available for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of carotenoids in mood disorders. This review article’s methodologies were based on a search of the PubMed database for all linked published papers. Epidemiological studies indicate that a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, fish, and olive oil may prevent the development of depression. Antioxidant supplementation has been found to combat various stress-induced psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. A growing body of evidence indicates that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Studies also suggest that poor dietary intake, particularly low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of fast food and other convenience foods, may increase the risk of developing depression. Thus, dietary interventions have the potential to help mitigate the risk of mental health decline in both the general population and those with mood disorders. Considering that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it is expected that they might exert a promising antidepressant effect. Nevertheless, further studies (including interventional and mechanistic studies) assessing the effect of carotenoids on preventing and alleviating depression symptoms are needed.
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Caliman-Fontes AT, Leal GC, Correia-Melo FS, Paixao CS, Carvalho MS, Jesus-Nunes AP, Vieira F, Magnavita G, Bandeira ID, Mello RP, Beanes G, Silva SS, Echegaray M, Carvalho LP, Machado P, Sampaio AS, Cardoso TDA, Kapczinski F, Lacerda ALT, Quarantini LC. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum levels following ketamine and esketamine intervention for treatment-resistant depression: secondary analysis from a randomized trial. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2023; 45:e20210298. [PMID: 34904800 PMCID: PMC9991420 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence suggests that ketamine's influence on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be involved in its mechanism of rapid antidepressant action. We aimed to evaluate the differential impact of ketamine and esketamine on serum BDNF levels and its association with response patterns in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). METHODS Participants (n = 53) are from a randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing the efficacy of single-dose ketamine (0.5mg/kg, n = 27) and esketamine (0.25mg/kg, n = 26) in TRD. Depression severity was assessed before and 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after the intervention, using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Blood samples were collected before infusion, 24 hours, and 7 days afterwards. RESULTS There were no significant changes in BDNF levels at post-infusion evaluation points, and no difference in BDNF levels comparing ketamine and esketamine. Both drugs exhibited similar therapeutic effect. There was no association between BDNF levels and response to treatment or severity of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION There was no significant treatment impact on BDNF serum levels - neither with ketamine nor esketamine - despite therapeutic response. These results suggest that ketamine or esketamine intervention for TRD has no impact on BDNF levels measured at 24 hours and 7 days after the infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teresa Caliman-Fontes
- Faculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo C. Leal
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Serviço de PsiquiatriaHospital Universitário Professor Edgard SantosUFBASalvadorBABrazil Serviço de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda S. Correia-Melo
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Camilla S. Paixao
- Laboratório de Pesquisas ClínicasInstituto Gonçalo MonizFiocruzSalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Serviço de ImunologiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Serviço de Imunologia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Michelle S. Carvalho
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Neurociências ClínicasUniversidade Federal de São PauloSão PauloBrazil Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Neurociências Clínicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Jesus-Nunes
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Flavia Vieira
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Magnavita
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Igor D. Bandeira
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo P. Mello
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Graziele Beanes
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Samantha S. Silva
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Serviço de PsiquiatriaHospital Universitário Professor Edgard SantosUFBASalvadorBABrazil Serviço de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Echegaray
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Lucas P. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisas ClínicasInstituto Gonçalo MonizFiocruzSalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Serviço de ImunologiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Serviço de Imunologia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Machado
- Laboratório de Pesquisas ClínicasInstituto Gonçalo MonizFiocruzSalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Serviço de ImunologiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Serviço de Imunologia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Aline S. Sampaio
- Faculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Taiane de A. Cardoso
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural NeurosciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Mood Disorders ProgramDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural NeurosciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Acioly L. T. Lacerda
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Neurociências ClínicasUniversidade Federal de São PauloSão PauloBrazil Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Neurociências Clínicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lucas C. Quarantini
- Faculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde MentalFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Serviço de PsiquiatriaHospital Universitário Professor Edgard SantosUFBASalvadorBABrazil Serviço de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaUFBASalvadorBABrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Quaioto BR, Borçoi AR, Mendes SO, Doblas PC, Dos Santos Vieira T, Arantes Moreno IA, Dos Santos JG, Hollais AW, Olinda AS, de Souza MLM, Freitas FV, Pinheiro JA, Cunha ER, Sorroche BP, Arantes LMRB, Álvares-da-Silva AM. Tobacco use modify exon IV BDNF gene methylation levels in depression. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 159:240-248. [PMID: 36753898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate BDNF gene methylation in individuals with depression based on tobacco use. Therefore, 384 adults from southeastern Brazil were recruited to assess depression, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and methylation by pyrosequencing exon IV promoter region of the BDNF gene. The Generalized Linear Model (GzLM) was used to check the effect of depression, tobacco, and the interaction between depression and tobacco use in methylation levels. In addition, the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's post hoc test, was used to compare methylation levels. Interaction between depression and tobacco use was significant at levels of BDNF methylation in the CpG 5 (p = 0.045), 8 (p = 0.016), 9 (p = 0.042), 10 (p = 0.026) and mean 5-11 (p < 0.001). Dunn's post hoc test showed that individuals with depression and tobacco use compared to those with or without depression who did not use tobacco had lower levels of BDNF methylation in CpG 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, and mean 5-11. Therefore, we suggest that tobacco use appears to interfere with BDNF gene methylation in depressed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Risse Quaioto
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Aline Ribeiro Borçoi
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Suzanny Oliveira Mendes
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Paola Cerbino Doblas
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Tamires Dos Santos Vieira
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ivana Alece Arantes Moreno
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Gasparini Dos Santos
- ICESP, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Instituto Do Câncer Do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Multiprofessional Residency Program in Adult Oncology Care, Comissão de Residência Multiprofissional/Hospital Das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Willian Hollais
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Sgrancio Olinda
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia Vitorino Freitas
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Assis Pinheiro
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ester Ribeiro Cunha
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Pereira Sorroche
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Hospital Do Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Madeira Álvares-da-Silva
- Biotechnology Postgraduate Program/RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Möhn N, Mahjoub S, Duzzi L, Narten E, Grote-Levi L, Körner G, Seeliger T, Beutel G, Bollmann BA, Wirth T, Huss A, Tumani H, Grimmelmann I, Gutzmer R, Ivanyi P, Skripuletz T. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 as a potential biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated neurotoxicity. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9373-9383. [PMID: 36794673 PMCID: PMC10166892 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncological patients can benefit substantially from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). However, there is a growing awareness of immune-related adverse events (irAE). Especially ICI-mediated neurological adverse events (nAE(+)), are tough to diagnose and biomarkers to identify patients at risk are missing. METHODS A prospective register with prespecified examinations was established for ICI treated patients in December 2019. At the time of data cut-off, 110 patients were enrolled and completed the clinical protocol. Herein, cytokines and serum neurofilament light chain (sNFL) from 21 patients were analyzed. RESULTS nAE of any grade were observed in 31% of the patients (n = 34/110). In nAE(+) patients a significant increase in sNFL concentrations over time was observed. Patients with higher-grade nAE had significantly elevated serum-concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) at baseline compared to individuals without any nAE (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Here, we identified nAE to occur more frequently than previously reported. Increase of sNFL during nAE confirms the clinical diagnosis of neurotoxicity and might be a suitable marker for neuronal damage associated with ICI therapy. Furthermore, MCP-1 and BDNF are potentially the first clinical-class nAE predictors for patients under ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Möhn
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susann Mahjoub
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Duzzi
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Emily Narten
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lea Grote-Levi
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gudrun Körner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tabea Seeliger
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gernot Beutel
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Wirth
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - André Huss
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Skin-Cancer-Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Dermatology Venerology, Allergy and Phlebology, Hannover Medical School, Minden, Germany
| | - Philipp Ivanyi
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Onisiforou A, Georgiou P, Zanos P. Role of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in ketamine's antidepressant actions. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 223:173531. [PMID: 36841543 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder afflicting around 16-17 % of the global population and is accompanied by recurrent episodes of low mood, hopelessness and suicidal thoughts. Current pharmacological interventions take several weeks to even months for an improvement in depressive symptoms to emerge, with a significant percentage of individuals not responding to these medications at all, thus highlighting the need for rapid and effective next-generation treatments for MDD. Pre-clinical studies in animals have demonstrated that antagonists of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2/3 (mGlu2/3 receptor) exert rapid antidepressant-like effects, comparable to the actions of ketamine. Therefore, it is possible that mGlu2 or mGlu3 receptors to have a regulatory role on the unique antidepressant properties of ketamine, or that convergent intracellular mechanisms exist between mGlu2/3 receptor signaling and ketamine's effects. Here, we provide a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the literature on these convergent processes underlying the antidepressant action of mGlu2/3 receptor inhibitors and ketamine. Importantly, combining sub-threshold doses of mGlu2/3 receptor inhibitors with sub-antidepressant ketamine doses induce synergistic antidepressant-relevant behavioral effects. We review the evidence supporting these combinatorial effects since sub-effective dosages of mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists and ketamine could reduce the risk for the emergence of significant adverse events compared with taking normal dosages. Overall, deconvolution of ketamine's pharmacological targets will give critical insights to influence the development of next-generation antidepressant treatments with rapid actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Onisiforou
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus
| | - Polymnia Georgiou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Panos Zanos
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus.
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Ballesio A, Zagaria A, Curti DG, Moran R, Goadsby PJ, Rosenzweig I, Lombardo C. Peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 67:101738. [PMID: 36577338 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with emotional and cognitive functioning, and it is considered a transdiagnostic biomarker for mental disorders. Literature on insomnia related BDNF changes yielded contrasting results and it has never been synthetized using meta-analysis. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies examining the levels of peripheric BDNF in individuals with insomnia and healthy controls using the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Medline, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched up to Nov 2022. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eight studies reported sufficient data for meta-analysis. Random-effects models showed lower BDNF in subjects with insomnia (n = 446) than in controls (n = 706) (Hedge's g = -0.86, 95% CI: -1.39 to -0.32, p = .002). Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirmed that the pooled effect size was robust and not driven by any single study. However, given the small sample size, the cross-sectional nature of the measurement, and the high heterogeneity of included data, the results should be cautiously interpreted. Progress in the study of BDNF in insomnia is clinically relevant to better understand the mechanisms that may explain the relationship between disturbed sleep and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Zagaria
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosalyn Moran
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, UK
| | - Peter J Goadsby
- NIHR-Wellcome Trust King's Clinical Research Facility, King's College London UK
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK; Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Sharma V, Singh TG, Kaur A, Mannan A, Dhiman S. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Novel Dynamically Regulated Therapeutic Modulator in Neurological Disorders. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:317-339. [PMID: 36308619 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03755-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The growth factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase receptor type B (TrkB) play an active role in numerous areas of the adult brain, where they regulate the neuronal activity, function, and survival. Upregulation and downregulation of BDNF expression are critical for the physiology of neuronal circuits and functioning in the brain. Loss of BDNF function has been reported in the brains of patients with neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders. This article reviews the BDNF gene structure, transport, secretion, expression and functions in the brain. This article also implicates BDNF in several brain-related disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, epilepsy and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerta Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sonia Dhiman
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Rajpura, Punjab, India
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Liu L, Yang W, Lu Y, Wang J, Zheng Y, Gu S. Clinical Efficacy of Tandospirone on Functional Dyspepsia Patients with Anxiety: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:521-528. [PMID: 36383269 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) is characterized with multiple symptoms of indigestion and often accompanied with anxiety. However, there is currently an absence of effective treatment. Tandospirone is commonly used to treat generalized anxiety disorders. Whether tandospirone can improve the clinical symptoms of FD remain unknown. AIMS The present study was designed to explore the pharmacological effect of tandospirone on FD patient with anxiety, and the potential mechanisms were also elucidated. METHODS FD patients with anxiety were randomly divided into placebo and tandospirone treatment groups. Healthy volunteers were simultaneously recruited as control group. The gastrointestinal symptom score (GIS) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A) were performed before and after treatments with placebo or tandospirone. The serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and multiple inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4, IL-1β, and IL-10 were determined. Regression analyses relating BDNF levels and gastrointestinal symptoms were performed. RESULTS Tandospirone significantly alleviated the gastrointestinal and anxiety symptoms of FD patient, as evidenced by reductions of GIS index and HAM-A scores. Compared with the healthy volunteers, FD patients had lower BDNF and IL-10 levels, but higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. Importantly, tandospirone increased serum BDNF and IL-10 and decreased IL-6 levels in FD patients. Relative analysis revealed that BDNF level was negatively associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in FD patients. CONCLUSION Tandospirone effectively improved both anxiety and gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with FD, and these therapeutic effects may be associated with the modulation of BDNF and inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Wenguang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Ya Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Sai Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 40016, China.
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The Bright Side of Psychedelics: Latest Advances and Challenges in Neuropharmacology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021329. [PMID: 36674849 PMCID: PMC9865175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The need to identify effective therapies for the treatment of psychiatric disorders is a particularly important issue in modern societies. In addition, difficulties in finding new drugs have led pharmacologists to review and re-evaluate some past molecules, including psychedelics. For several years there has been growing interest among psychotherapists in psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, of depression, or of post-traumatic stress disorder, although results are not always clear and definitive. In fact, the mechanisms of action of psychedelics are not yet fully understood and some molecular aspects have yet to be well defined. Thus, this review aims to summarize the ethnobotanical uses of the best-known psychedelic plants and the pharmacological mechanisms of the main active ingredients they contain. Furthermore, an up-to-date overview of structural and computational studies performed to evaluate the affinity and binding modes to biologically relevant receptors of ibogaine, mescaline, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, psilocin, and lysergic acid diethylamide is presented. Finally, the most recent clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of psychedelic molecules in some psychiatric disorders are discussed and compared with drugs already used in therapy.
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Zwolińska W, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Słopień A. Biomarkers in Child and Adolescent Depression. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:266-281. [PMID: 34590201 PMCID: PMC9867683 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the significant prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder in the pediatric population, the pathophysiology of this condition remains unclear, and the treatment outcomes poor. Investigating tools that might aid in diagnosing and treating early-onset depression seems essential in improving the prognosis of the future disease course. Recent studies have focused on searching for biomarkers that constitute biochemical indicators of MDD susceptibility, diagnosis, or treatment outcome. In comparison to increasing evidence of possible biomarkers in adult depression, the studies investigating this subject in the youth population are lacking. This narrative review aims to summarize research on molecular and biochemical biomarkers in child and adolescent depression in order to advocate future directions in the research on this subject. More studies on depression involving the youth population seem vital to comprehend the natural course of the disease and identify features that may underlie commonly observed differences in treatment outcomes between adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Zwolińska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna St. 27/33, 60-572, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Medical Biology Center, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka St. 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Słopień
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna St. 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
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30
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Ross RE, VanDerwerker CJ, Saladin ME, Gregory CM. The role of exercise in the treatment of depression: biological underpinnings and clinical outcomes. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:298-328. [PMID: 36253441 PMCID: PMC9969795 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Globally, depression is a leading cause of disability and has remained so for decades. Antidepressant medications have suboptimal outcomes and are too frequently associated with side effects, highlighting the need for alternative treatment options. Although primarily known for its robust physical health benefits, exercise is increasingly recognized for its mental health and antidepressant benefits. Empirical evidence indicates that exercise is effective in treating individuals with depression; however, the mechanisms by which exercise exerts anti-depressant effects are not fully understood. Acute bouts of exercise have been shown to transiently modulate circulating levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and a variety of immuno-inflammatory mechanisms in clinical cohorts with depression. However, exercise training has not been demonstrated to consistently modulate such mechanisms, and evidence linking these putative mechanisms and reductions in depression is lacking. The complexity of the biological underpinnings of depression coupled with the intricate molecular cascade induced by exercise are significant obstacles in the attempt to disentangle exercise's effects on depression. Notwithstanding our limited understanding of these effects, clinical evidence uniformly argues for the use of exercise to treat depression. Regrettably, exercise remains underutilized despite being an accessible, low-cost alternative/adjunctive intervention that can simultaneously reduce depression and improve overall health. To address the gaps in our understanding of the clinical and molecular effects of exercise on depression, we propose a model that leverages systems biology and multidisciplinary team science with a large-scale public health investment. Until the science matches the scale of complexity and burden posed by depression, our ability to advance knowledge and treatment will continue to be plagued by fragmented, irreproducible mechanistic findings and no guidelines for standards of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E. Ross
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC,Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Michael E. Saladin
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Chris M. Gregory
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC,Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Nahar Z, Sal‐Sabil N, Sohan M, Qusar MMAS, Islam MR. Higher serum interleukin-12 levels are associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: A case-control study results. Health Sci Rep 2022; 6:e1005. [PMID: 36582626 PMCID: PMC9789678 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the fourth biggest health-related concern that dramatically impacts individuals' mental and physical health. Alteration of serum proinflammatory cytokine levels may take part in the development and progression of MDD. We aimed to explore and compare the role of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and its involvement with the disease severity. Methods The present study included 85 patients and 87 age-sex matched HCs. A qualified psychiatrist utilized the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) criteria to diagnose patients and evaluate HCs. We applied the Ham-D rating scale to measure the severity of depression. Serum IL-12 levels were measured using ELISA kits. Results We observed a notable increase in the serum levels of IL-12 in MDD patients compared to HCs (164.27 ± 10.18 pg/ml and 82.55 ± 4.40 pg/ml; p < 0.001). Moreover, we noticed a positive correlation between serum IL-12 levels and Ham-D scores in MDD patients (r = 0.363; p = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed a good predictive performance (AUC = 0.871; p < 0.001) at the cut-off point of 53.46 pg/ml for serum IL-12. Conclusion The current study findings support that IL-12 levels are involved with the pathogenesis and inflammatory process in MDD. At the same time, this involvement may make this cytokine eligible for the risk evaluation of MDD. However, we recommend further interventional studies to explore more accurate associations between IL-12 and depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabun Nahar
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
| | - Nisat Sal‐Sabil
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Sohan
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
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Suseelan S, Pinna G. Heterogeneity in major depressive disorder: The need for biomarker-based personalized treatments. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 112:1-67. [PMID: 36642481 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or depression is a pathological mental condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Identification of objective biological markers of depression can provide for a better diagnostic and intervention criteria; ultimately aiding to reduce its socioeconomic health burden. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the major biomarker candidates that have been implicated in depression neurobiology. The key biomarker categories are covered across all the "omics" levels. At the epigenomic level, DNA-methylation, non-coding RNA and histone-modifications have been discussed in relation to depression. The proteomics system shows great promise with inflammatory markers as well as growth factors and neurobiological alterations within the endocannabinoid system. Characteristic lipids implicated in depression together with the endocrine system are reviewed under the metabolomics section. The chapter also examines the novel biomarkers for depression that have been proposed by studies in the microbiome. Depression affects individuals differentially and explicit biomarkers identified by robust research criteria may pave the way for better diagnosis, intervention, treatment, and prediction of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayam Suseelan
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Graziano Pinna
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; UI Center on Depression and Resilience (UICDR), Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Casarotto P, Umemori J, Castrén E. BDNF receptor TrkB as the mediator of the antidepressant drug action. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1032224. [PMID: 36407765 PMCID: PMC9666396 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1032224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling through its receptor TrkB has for a long time been recognized as a critical mediator of the antidepressant drug action, but BDNF signaling has been considered to be activated indirectly through the action of typical and rapid-acting antidepressants through monoamine transporters and glutamate NMDA receptors, respectively. However, recent findings demonstrate that both typical and the fast-acting antidepressants directly bind to TrkB and thereby allosterically potentiate BDNF signaling, suggesting that TrkB is the direct target for antidepressant drugs. Increased TrkB signaling particularly in the parvalbumin-expressing interneurons orchestrates iPlasticity, a state of juvenile-like enhanced plasticity in the adult brain. iPlasticity sensitizes neuronal networks to environmental influences, enabling rewiring of networks miswired by adverse experiences. These findings have dramatically changed the position of TrkB in the antidepressant effects and they propose a new end-to-end model of the antidepressant drug action. This model emphasizes the enabling role of antidepressant treatment and the active participation of the patient in the process of recovery from mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plinio Casarotto
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juzoh Umemori
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Gene and Cell Technology, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eero Castrén
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Liu X, Li P, Ma X, Zhang J, Sun X, Luo X, Zhang Y. Association between plasma levels of BDNF and GDNF and the diagnosis, treatment response in first-episode MDD. J Affect Disord 2022; 315:190-197. [PMID: 35908604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of our study are: i) to explore whether plasma levels of BDNF/GDNF are valuable in the diagnosis of first-episode depression; ii) to discuss whether there is an association between peripheral plasma levels of BDNF/GDNF and patients' depression severity and cognitive dysfunction; iii) to explore the association between plasma levels of BDNF/GDNF and the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment. METHODS Ninety patients with first-episode unmedicated MDD and healthy controls were recruited. MDD patients were treated with antidepressant medication for 8 weeks. Patients were assessed for clinical symptoms using HDRS-17 and HAMA-14. Social and neurocognitive functioning of all subjects was assessed at baseline using the Functional Assessment Test Short Form (FAST) and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). At the same time, peripheral venous blood was drawn from all subjects for BDNF/GDNF peripheral plasma level analysis at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS The baseline BDNF/GDNF levels in MDD patients were significantly lower than that in healthy controls. The area under ROC curve (AUC) of baseline plasma BDNF and GDNF levels predicting MDD was 0.776 (95 % CI: 0.705-0.846, p < 0.001) and 0.864 (95 % CI: 0.808-0.920, p < 0.001), respectively. The baseline GDNF level (beta = 0.425, p = 0.001), the autonomy score of FAST (beta = -0.247, p = 0.037) and BACS-SC score of MCCB (beta = 0.323, p = 0.039) were predictors of HDRS-17 reduction rate after 8 weeks' antidepressant treatment. LIMITATIONS A longer follow-up period than 8 weeks may make the results more convincing, and the sample size of this study is still insufficient. CONCLUSION The decreased plasma levels of BDNF and GDNF are strong indicators for predicting the occurrence of MDD. This preliminary finding highlighted the value of GDNF plasma concentrations in the diagnosis of MDD and the prognosis of antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Unit of Bipolar Disorder, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peijun Li
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Jian Zhang
- Unit of Bipolar Disorder, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Unit of Bipolar Disorder, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Unit of Bipolar Disorder, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Impact of brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and response to escitalopram or paroxetine in obsessive-compulsive disorder. CNS Spectr 2022; 27:645-651. [PMID: 34313207 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852921000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by its heterogeneous nature and by different dimensions of obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are used to treat OCD, but up to 40% to 60% of patients do not show a significant improvement with these medications. In this study, we aimed to test the impact of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism on the efficacy of antidepressants in OCD overall, and in relation to the different OC dimensions. METHODS In a 6-month prospective treatment study, 69 Caucasian OCD patients were treated with escitalopram for 24 weeks or with escitalopram for 12 weeks followed by paroxetine for an additional 12-week period. Patients were genotyped and assessed for treatment response. The main clinical outcomes were improvement of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale score and in different OC symptom dimension scores. RESULTS The Val/Val group comprised 43 (62%) patients, the Val/Met and Met/Met group comprised 26 (38%) patients. Forty-two patients were classified as responders at 12 weeks and 38 at 24 weeks; no significant association was found between BDNF Val66Met and SRIs response at 12 and 24 weeks. In analyses of the different OC symptom dimensions, the Met allele was associated with a slightly reduced score in the aggressive/checking dimension at 6 months (P = .048). CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not support the usefulness of BDNF Val66Met genotyping to predict overall response to treatment with SRIs in OCD; they did however suggest a better outcome at 6 months for the aggressive/checking symptom dimension for patients carrying the Met allele.
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Lu X, Xue Z, Qian Y, Wei S, Qiao Y, Zhang W, Lu H. Changes in intestinal microflora and its metabolites underlie the cognitive impairment in preterm rats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:945851. [PMID: 36061856 PMCID: PMC9437323 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.945851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The brain development of preterm infants is easily affected by various adverse extrauterine factors and complications, resulting in abnormal neurological and cognitive development. Recent studies have found that there is a significant correlation between intestinal microbial changes and cognitive behavior. Nevertheless, the correlation between the cognitive impairment and abnormal changes of intestinal microflora in the preterm newborn has been rarely elucidated. Aim To analyze the differences of fecal intestinal flora, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA)-related serum factors between preterm birth with and without cognitive impairment. Methods Healthy female rats (body weight 410 ± 40 g) of 16-17 days of gestation were selected for the establishment of preterm cognitive impairment model and screened by Morris water maze navigation experiments. The pathological change of rat hippocampus was confirmed by HE staining. The abundance of fecal intestinal microflora was determined by 16sRNA sequencing, while the contents of fecal SCFAs were examined by gas chromatography. Results Compared with the control group, the cognitive impairment group had decreased abundance and diversity of intestinal microflora and increased abundance of Proteobacteria at the level of phylum. While the abundances of Alistipes, Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Lactobacillus decreased significantly at the level of order, family, and genus, the abundances of Staphylococcaceae, Enterococci, Psychrobacter, and Oligella increased significantly. Moreover, the levels of total SCFAs and acetic acid in the disease group were significantly lower. The fecal abundance of acetic acid was positively correlated with that of Lactobacillaceae or Peptostreptococcaceae, and negatively correlated with that of Aerococcaceae, and Alcaligenaceae in disease rats. Furthermore, cognitive impairment caused significantly decreased levels of 5-HT, GABA, and BDNF, and increased levels of GR, CRH, IL-6, and TNF-α in rat blood. Conclusion Alterations in intestinal microflora structure and the abundances of SCFAs contributed substantially to the cognitive impairment in preterm rats, which was associated with significant changes in MGBA-related soluble factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lu
- Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhengyang Xue
- Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu Qian
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shanjie Wei
- Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Zhang, ; Hongyan Lu,
| | - Hongyan Lu
- Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Zhang, ; Hongyan Lu,
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He X, Song J, Gao H, Li Z, Wang X, Zeng Q, Xiao Y, Feng J, Zhou D, Wang G. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with first-episode depression at different ages. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35980319 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2022.2107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the differences in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) levels and clinical symptoms with first-episode depression at different ages. METHODS Ninety patients (15-60 years old) diagnosed with first-episode depression were enrolled as the study group, and they were divided into early-onset, adult and late-onset groups. The age-matched control groups were healthy volunteers. Serum BDNF and GDNF concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). GraphPad Prism 9 was used for t tests, one-way ANOVAs, chi-square tests, and correlation analyses. p < 0.05 indicated significant differences. RESULTS Serum BDNF and GDNF levels were lower in the whole study group and the three subgroups than in the healthy groups. Illness severity, anxiety and education were higher in the early-onset than late-onset patients. Serum BDNF levels were lower in the adult than late-onset patients. Serum BDNF levels were negatively correlated with patient CGI-SI scores. After the LSD test for multiple comparisons, the results were also significant. CONCLUSIONS Low serum BDNF and GDNF levels may be involved in the pathophysiology of first-episode depression, and there were differences in serum BDNF levels at different ages, verifying that serum BDNF and GDNF could serve as potential biomarkers of depression. KEY POINTSDepression is often conceptualised as a systemic illness with different biological mechanisms, but satisfactory explanations have not been provided thus far.The aim of our study was to investigate differences in serum BDNF and GDNF levels and their relationships with clinical symptoms in patients with first-episode depression at different ages.The potential of the neurotrophic factor hypothesis to advance the diagnosis and treatment of depression will be a very exciting new strategy for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping He
- Growth, Development, and Mental Health of Children and Adolescence Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyao Song
- Chongqing Changshou District Third People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - He Gao
- Chongqing Changshou District Third People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenyang Li
- Chongqing Changshou District Third People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoling Zeng
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yucen Xiao
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxin Feng
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongdong Zhou
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaomao Wang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Adu MK, Shalaby R, Chue P, Agyapong VIO. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Resistant Depression: A Scoping Review. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12060195. [PMID: 35735405 PMCID: PMC9220129 DOI: 10.3390/bs12060195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is associated with significant disability, and due to its high prevalence, it results in a substantive socio-economic burden at a global level. TRD is the inability to accomplish and/or achieve remission after an adequate trial of antidepressant treatments. Studies comparing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and pharmacotherapy have revealed evidence of the therapeutic efficacy of rTMS in TRD. These findings suggest a crucial role for rTMS in the management of TRD. This article aims to conduct a comprehensive scoping review of the current literature concerning the use of rTMS and its therapeutic efficacy as a treatment modality for TRD. PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, and Cinahl were used to identify important articles on rTMS for TRD. The search strategy was limited to English articles within the last five years of data publication. Articles were included if they reported on a completed randomized controlled trial (RCT) of rTMS intervention for TRD. The exclusion criteria involved studies with rTMS for the treatment of conditions other than TRD, and study and experimental protocols of rTMS on TRD. In total, 17 studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. The search strategy spanned studies published in the last five years, to the date of the data search (14 February 2022). The regional breakdown of the extracted studies was North American (n = 9), European (n = 5), Asian (n = 2) and Australian (n = 1). The applied frequencies of rTMS ranged from 5 Hz to 50 Hz, with stimulation intensities ranging from 80% MT to 120% MT. Overall, 16 out of the 17 studies suggested that rTMS treatment was effective, safe and tolerated in TRD. For patients with TRD, rTMS appears to provide significant benefits through the reduction of depressive symptoms, and while there is progressive evidence in support of the same, more research is needed in order to define standardized protocols of rTMS application in terms of localization, frequency, intensity, and pulse parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medard Kofi Adu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Reham Shalaby
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
| | - Pierre Chue
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
| | - Vincent I. O. Agyapong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Mehterov N, Minchev D, Gevezova M, Sarafian V, Maes M. Interactions Among Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neuroimmune Pathways Are Key Components of the Major Psychiatric Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4926-4952. [PMID: 35657457 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the reciprocal associations between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and immune-inflammatory pathways and how these links may explain the involvement of this neurotrophin in the immune pathophysiology of mood disorders and schizophrenia. Toward this end, we delineated the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network centered around BDNF and searched PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct for papers dealing with the involvement of BDNF in the major psychosis, neurodevelopment, neuronal functions, and immune-inflammatory and related pathways. The PPI network was built based on the significant interactions of BDNF with neurotrophic (NTRK2, NTF4, and NGFR), immune (cytokines, STAT3, TRAF6), and cell-cell junction (CTNNB, CDH1) DEPs (differentially expressed proteins). Enrichment analysis shows that the most significant terms associated with this PPI network are the tyrosine kinase receptor (TRKR) and Src homology region two domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP2) pathways, tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathways, positive regulation of kinase and transferase activity, cytokine signaling, and negative regulation of the immune response. The participation of BDNF in the immune response and its interactions with neuroprotective and cell-cell adhesion DEPs is probably a conserved regulatory process which protects against the many detrimental effects of immune activation and hyperinflammation including neurotoxicity. Lowered BDNF levels in mood disorders and schizophrenia (a) are associated with disruptions in neurotrophic signaling and activated immune-inflammatory pathways leading to neurotoxicity and (b) may interact with the reduced expression of other DEPs (CTNNB1, CDH1, or DISC1) leading to multiple aberrations in synapse and axonal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Danail Minchev
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Gevezova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Michael Maes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. .,Department of Psychiatry, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
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Pathak P, Mehra A, Ram S, Pal A, Grover S. Association of Serum BDNF level and Val66Met polymorphism with response to treatment in patients of Major Depressive Disease: A step towards personalized therapy. Behav Brain Res 2022; 430:113931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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ProBDNF as an Indicator of Improvement among Women with Depressive Episodes. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040358. [PMID: 35448545 PMCID: PMC9027259 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a chronic psychiatric disorder with a heavy socioeconomic burden. Studies on biomarkers are needed to comprehend the pathophysiology of depression and to improve treatment outcomes. Research points to the importance of imbalance between mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor, pro–brain–derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF), in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and the potential neurodegenerative role of calcium-binding protein B (S100B). Our objective was to compare BDNF, proBDNF, and S100B serum levels before and after the treatment of acute depressive episodes and to assess their correlation with the severity of symptoms and history of stress. We also aimed to investigate the differences in BDNF, proBDNF, and S100B levels between depression in the course of bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). We recruited 31 female patients diagnosed with BD or MDD who were hospitalized due to current depressive episodes. The patients had their serum BDNF, proBDNF, and S100B levels evaluated using the ELISA method upon admission and after the symptoms improved, at discharge. We found that proBDNF levels decreased significantly with the treatment (p = 0.0478), while BDNF and S100B levels were not altered significantly. No differences in biochemical parameters between MDD and BD subjects were observed. Consequently, we concluded that a decrease in serum proBDNF levels could be considered a biomarker of recovery from depressive episodes.
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Zhu X, Li Z, Guo C, Wang Z, Wang Z, Li X, Qian Y, Wei Y. Risk of neurodegeneration among residents of electronic waste recycling areas. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113132. [PMID: 34979305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal disposal process of electronic waste (e-waste) always emits a variety of toxic substances that enter the human body through various environmental media and can have many adverse health effects. Metals are thought to be inextricably linked to neurodegeneration. In the present study, we tried to explore the neurodegenerative status of subjects exposed to e-waste and the association between metal intake and neurodegeneration. We recruited the residents near the e-waste recycling area (the exposed group) and the residents without any e-waste contact history (the reference group) for a comparative study with detection and analysis of metals, biomarkers associated with neurodegeneration or oxidative stress (OS). The results showed that the metals between the reference and exposed group were significantly different. The concentrations of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and β-amyloid protein 42 (Aβ42) in the exposed groups were significantly lower, while the levels of Euchromatic Histone lysine Methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1), Bromodomain Adjacent to Zinc finger domain 2B (BAZ2B) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly higher than in the reference groups. Although the ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40 had no statistical significance in the two groups, the medians of the ratio in the exposed group was lower than in the reference group. The linear regression and mediating effect analysis showed that MDA (OS) might mediate the effects of metals on EHMT1(pAg-MDA <0.001, pMDA-EHMT1 <0.05, pAg-EHMT1 <0.001). It could be inferred from the results of the present investigation that e-waste exposure had a high risk of neurodegeneration, especially Sliver (Ag) and Nickel (Ni).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ziye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yongjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.
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Yang XJ, Zhao BC, Li J, Shi C, Song YQ, Gao XZ, Jiang HL, Yu QY, Liang XC, Feng SX, Li X, Sun Y, Li YH, Wang YP, Bao T, Zhang ZJ. Serum NLRP3 Inflammasome and BDNF: Potential Biomarkers Differentiating Reactive and Endogenous Depression. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:814828. [PMID: 35295780 PMCID: PMC8918660 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.814828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly heterogeneous pathogenesis of depression and limited response to current antidepressants call for more objective evidence for depression subtypes. Reactive and endogenous depression are two etiologically distinct subtypes associated with different treatment responses. This study aims to explore the potential biomarkers that differentiate reactive and endogenous depressions. METHODS The clinical manifestations and biological indicators of 64 unmedicated mild-to-moderate depression patients (32 reactive depression patients and 32 endogenous depression patients) and 21 healthy subjects were observed. The 24-item Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD-24) was used to evaluate the severity of depression. Serum levels of depression-related biological indicators were measured by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The NLRP3 level of reactive depression was significantly lower than those of endogenous depression and healthy controls. There was a significant negative correlation between the BDNF level and the HAMD-24 total scores for patients with reactive depression. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested the serum NLRP3 and BDNF levels could be potential biomarkers for detecting and evaluating the severity of reactive depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jing Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bing-Cong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Center on Aging Psychology Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Shi
- Psychological Assessment Center, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qing Song
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Zhou Gao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Li Jiang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Chen Liang
- Bei Tai Ping Zhuang Community Health Service Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Xing Feng
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Huan Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang-Peng Wang
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tuya Bao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ekong MB, Iniodu CF. Nutritional therapy can reduce the burden of depression management in low income countries: A review. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 11:15-28. [PMID: 34939062 PMCID: PMC8664701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious mental and mood disorder with global health and economic burden. This burden may be overwhelming in low income countries, although there are insufficient data. Most antidepressant formulations are predicated on the monoamine, neuroendocrine and neuro-inflammation hypotheses, with little or no cognizance to other neurochemicals altered in depression. A nutritional strategy with or without conventional antidepressants is recommended, as nutrition plays vital roles in the onset, severity and duration of depression, with poor nutrition contributing to its pathogenesis. This review discusses nutritional potentials of utilizing omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, vitamins, minerals and herbs or their phytochemicals in the management of depression with the aim of reducing depression burden. Literature search of empirical data in books and journals in data bases including but not limited to PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar that might contain discussions of sampling were sought, their full text obtained, and searched for relevant content to determine eligibility. Omega-3 fatty and amino acids had significant positive anti-depression outcomes, while vitamins and minerals although essential, enhanced omega-3 fatty and amino acids activities. Some herbs either as whole extracts or their phytochemicals/metabolites had significant positive anti-depression efficacy. Nutrition through the application of necessary food classes or herbs as well as their phytochemicals, may go a long way to effectively manage depression. This therefore will provide inexpensive, natural, and non-invasive therapeutic means with reduced adverse effects that can also be applied alongside clinical management. This nutritional strategy should be given more attention in research, assessment and treatment for those with depression and other mental illness in low income countries, especially in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses B Ekong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Clementina F Iniodu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria
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Sealock JM, Lee YH, Moscati A, Venkatesh S, Voloudakis G, Straub P, Singh K, Feng YCA, Ge T, Roussos P, Smoller JW, Chen G, Davis LK. Use of the PsycheMERGE Network to Investigate the Association Between Depression Polygenic Scores and White Blood Cell Count. JAMA Psychiatry 2021; 78:1365-1374. [PMID: 34668925 PMCID: PMC8529528 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.2959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although depression is a common psychiatric disorder, its underlying biological basis remains poorly understood. Pairing depression polygenic scores with the results of clinical laboratory tests can reveal biological processes involved in depression etiology and in the physiological changes resulting from depression. OBJECTIVE To characterize the association between depression polygenic scores and an inflammatory biomarker, ie, white blood cell count. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This genetic association study was conducted from May 19, 2019, to June 5, 2021, using electronic health record data from 382 452 patients across 4 health care systems. Analyses were conducted separately in each health care system and meta-analyzed across all systems. Primary analyses were conducted in Vanderbilt University Medical Center's biobank. Replication analyses were conducted across 3 other PsycheMERGE sites: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mass General Brigham, and the Million Veteran Program. All patients with available genetic data and recorded white blood cell count measurements were included in the analyses. Primary analyses were conducted in individuals of European descent and then repeated in a population of individuals of African descent. EXPOSURES Depression polygenic scores. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES White blood cell count. RESULTS Across the 4 PsycheMERGE sites, there were 382 452 total participants of European ancestry (18.7% female; median age, 57.9 years) and 12 383 participants of African ancestry (61.1% female; median age, 39.0 [range, birth-90.0 years]). A laboratory-wide association scan revealed a robust association between depression polygenic scores and white blood cell count (β, 0.03; SE, 0.004; P = 1.07 × 10-17), which was replicated in a meta-analysis across the 4 health care systems (β, 0.03; SE, 0.002; P = 1.03 × 10-136). Mediation analyses suggested a bidirectional association, with white blood cell count accounting for 2.5% of the association of depression polygenic score with depression diagnosis (95% CI, 2.2%-20.8%; P = 2.84 × 10-70) and depression diagnosis accounting for 9.8% of the association of depression polygenic score with white blood cell count (95% CI, 8.4%-11.1%; P = 1.78 × 10-44). Mendelian randomization provided additional support for an association between increased white blood count and depression risk, but depression modeled as the exposure showed no evidence of an influence on white blood cell counts. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This genetic association study found that increased depression polygenic scores were associated with increased white blood cell count, and suggests that this association may be bidirectional. These findings highlight the potential importance of the immune system in the etiology of depression and may motivate future development of clinical biomarkers and targeted treatment options for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M. Sealock
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Younga H. Lee
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sanan Venkatesh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Georgios Voloudakis
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Peter Straub
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kritika Singh
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Yen-Chen A. Feng
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Tian Ge
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Guanhua Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison
| | - Lea K. Davis
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Yousef AM, El-Deen GMS, Ibrahim AS, Mohamed AE. Serum BDNF and suicidal ideation in drug-naïve and drug-treated MDD patients: a case–control study. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-021-00337-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Disturbances in structural and synaptic plasticity have been linked to depression and suicidal ideation. One of the major neurotrophic factors, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), is involved in the maintenance and survival of neurons and synaptic plasticity. This case–control study assesses the serum BDNF and suicidal ideation among drug-naïve and drug-treated MDD patients attending university hospitals and comparing them to healthy control. A simple random sample of 57 MDD patients and 57 age- and sex-comparable controls were enrolled. The researchers conducted a semi-structured interview to collect the demographic characteristics and disease history. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS) were applied to the participants. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma BDNF level.
Results
The MDD group had lower BDNF than the control group. Within the MDD group, drug-naïve patients had significantly lower BDNF than drug-treated patients. Female patients had lower BDNF than male patients. Positive family history of MDD was associated with low BDNF. Severe and moderate cases had lower BDNF than mild cases. High BSS (≥24) was associated with low BDNF. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between BDNF and age, disease duration, duration of the current episode, and the number of previous episodes.
On the other hand, a statistically significant negative correlation was found between BDNF and age of MDD onset, HDRS, and BSS. A regression model was highly statistically significant in the prediction of HDRS. BDNF and disease duration were negatively correlated with HDRS. On the other hand, depression treatment status was not significantly associated with the HDRS prediction model.
Conclusion
Our findings extend the neurotrophic concept of depression by identifying the decreased BDNF levels as a peripheral biomarker of MDD. Our assessment of depression and suicidal ideation (SI) and their relationship to decreased BDNF levels shed light on the etiopathology of MDD and its related suicidality. They should be more studied to understand better the mechanisms by which they develop. To further explore the effect of BDNF in suicide, larger study sizes and a range of psychiatric diagnoses associated with suicide attempts are required.
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Integrative Mental Health, Part 2: The Emerging Paradigm of Nutritional Therapy. Holist Nurs Pract 2021; 36:56-58. [PMID: 34783701 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang Y, Cui B, Wang T, Lu Y, Chen Z, Zou Z, Miao J, Zhao X, Yuan Y, Wang H, Chen G. Early Enhancement of Neuroplasticity Index, the Ratio of Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level to HAMD-24 Score, in Predicting the Long-Term Antidepressant Efficacy. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:712445. [PMID: 34776888 PMCID: PMC8578865 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.712445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Current mainstream treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) has a disadvantage in delayed onset of efficacy, making detection of early signatures predicative of the long-term treatment efficacy urgent. Methods: MDD patients were scored with HAMD-24 and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were measured at different times in two independent trials: a single-arm observation of Yueju pill, a clinically approved traditional multiherbal medicine, and a two-arm random placebo-controlled trial for Yueju vs escitalopram. The ratio of the BDNF level to HAMD-24 score, or neuroplasticity index (NI), and its derived parameters were used for correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: On both the early (4th) and final (28th) days, Yueju and escitalopram significantly reduced HAMD-24 scores, compared to baselines, but only Yueju increased BDNF at both times. For either Yueju or escitalopram treatment, NI, but not BDNF, at baseline was correlated to NIs at the early or final treatment day. NI at early time was significantly correlated to early NI enhancement from the baseline for both Yueju and escitalopram, and to final NI enhancement from the baseline for Yueju in both trials. ROC analysis supported the predictability of Yueju’s final treatment efficacy from early NI enhancement. Limitations: The small sample size and 28 days of treatment time may lead to the impossibility of ROC analysis of escitalopram. Conclusion: Early NI enhancement is useful for prediction of long-term efficacy of Yueju and presumably some other antidepressants. Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR1900021114].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Biomedicine for Brain Diseases, Center for Translational Systems Biology and Neuroscience, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine, Institute of Psychosomatics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lu
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhenlin Chen
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhilu Zou
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinlin Miao
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine, Institute of Psychosomatics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haosen Wang
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Hernandez-Garcia E, Chrysikou E, Kalea AZ. The Interplay between Housing Environmental Attributes and Design Exposures and Psychoneuroimmunology Profile-An Exploratory Review and Analysis Paper in the Cancer Survivors' Mental Health Morbidity Context. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10891. [PMID: 34682637 PMCID: PMC8536084 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult cancer survivors have an increased prevalence of mental health comorbidities and other adverse late-effects interdependent with mental illness outcomes compared with the general population. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) heralds an era of renewed call for actions to identify sustainable modalities to facilitate the constructs of cancer survivorship care and health care delivery through physiological supportive domestic spaces. Building on the concept of therapeutic architecture, psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) indicators-with the central role in low-grade systemic inflammation-are associated with major psychiatric disorders and late effects of post-cancer treatment. Immune disturbances might mediate the effects of environmental determinants on behaviour and mental disorders. Whilst attention is paid to the non-objective measurements for examining the home environmental domains and mental health outcomes, little is gathered about the multidimensional effects on physiological responses. This exploratory review presents a first analysis of how addressing the PNI outcomes serves as a catalyst for therapeutic housing research. We argue the crucial component of housing in supporting the sustainable primary care and public health-based cancer survivorship care model, particularly in the psychopathology context. Ultimately, we illustrate a series of interventions aiming at how housing environmental attributes can trigger PNI profile changes and discuss the potential implications in the non-pharmacological treatment of cancer survivors and patients with mental morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hernandez-Garcia
- The Bartlett Real Estate Institute, The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Evangelia Chrysikou
- The Bartlett Real Estate Institute, The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anastasia Z. Kalea
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK;
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK
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50
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Piotrkowicz M, Janoska-Jazdzik M, Koweszko T, Szulc A. The Influence of Psychotherapy on Peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Concentration Levels and Gene Methylation Status: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4424. [PMID: 34640441 PMCID: PMC8509187 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotherapy is a well-established method of treating many mental disorders. It has been proven that psychotherapy leads to structural and functional changes in the brain; however, knowledge about the molecular and cellular mechanisms of these changes is limited. Neuroplasticity and one of its mediators, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are potential research targets in this field. To define the role of BDNF concentration in serum, or in plasma, and BDNF promoter gene methylation in saliva or leucocytes, in psychotherapy, an extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. The literature review was conducted based on papers published up until May 2021 that included pre and post psychotherapy measurements of either BDNF concentration levels or promoter gene methylation status. Ten studies were indicated as eligible for analysis: eight studies that investigated peripheral BDNF concentration levels, one study that investigated methylation status, and one study that included an evaluation of both subject matters. Patients underwent cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal psychotherapy. Patients were diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, major depressive disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or post-traumatic stress disorder. There were only three of the nine studies that showed statistically significant increases in BDNF concentration levels after psychotherapy. The two studies that involved BDNF gene methylation status showed a decrease in methylation after dialectical behavioral therapy of borderline patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Piotrkowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Partyzantow 2/4, 05-802 Pruszkow, Poland; (M.J.-J.); (T.K.); (A.S.)
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