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Roberts LB, Neves JF, Lee DCH, Valpione S, Tachó-Piñot R, Howard JK, Hepworth MR, Lord GM. MicroRNA-142 regulates gut associated lymphoid tissues and group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00094-1. [PMID: 39245145 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The transcriptomic signatures that shape responses of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been well characterised, however post-transcriptional mechanisms which regulate their development and activity remain poorly understood. We demonstrate that ILC groups of the intestinal lamina propria express mature forms of microRNA-142 (miR-142), an evolutionarily conserved microRNA family with several non-redundant regulatory roles within the immune system. Germline Mir142 deletion alters intestinal ILC compositions, resulting in the absence of T-bet+ populations and significant defects in the cellularity and phenotypes of ILC3 subsets including CCR6+ LTi-like ILC3s. These effects were associated with decreased pathology in an innate-immune cell driven model of colitis. Furthermore, Mir142-/- mice demonstrate defective development of gut-associated lymphoid tissues, including a complete absence of mature Peyer's patches. Conditional deletion of Mir142 in ILC3s (RorcΔMir142) supported cell-intrinsic roles for these microRNAs in establishing or maintaining cellularity and functions of LTi-like ILC3s in intestinal associated tissues. RNAseq analysis revealed several target genes and biological pathways potentially regulated by miR-142 microRNAs in these cells. Finally, lack of Mir142 in ILC3 led to elevated IL-17A production. These data broaden our understanding of immune system roles of miR-142 microRNAs, identifying these molecules as critical post-transcriptional regulators of ILC3s and intestinal mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke B Roberts
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| | - Joana F Neves
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Dave C H Lee
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Valpione
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, 550 Wilmslow Road, M20 4BX Manchester; Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester; Cancer Research UK National Biomarker Centre, Wilmslow Road, M20 4BX Manchester
| | - Roser Tachó-Piñot
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jane K Howard
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Graham M Lord
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom.
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2
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Ignacio A, Czyz S, McCoy KD. Early life microbiome influences on development of the mucosal innate immune system. Semin Immunol 2024; 73:101885. [PMID: 38788491 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2024.101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is well known to possess immunomodulatory capacities, influencing a multitude of cellular signalling pathways to maintain host homeostasis. Although the formation of the immune system initiates before birth in a sterile environment, an emerging body of literature indicates that the neonatal immune system is influenced by a first wave of external stimuli that includes signals from the maternal microbiota. A second wave of stimulus begins after birth and must be tightly regulated during the neonatal period when colonization of the host occurs concomitantly with the maturation of the immune system, requiring a fine adjustment between establishing tolerance towards the commensal microbiota and preserving inflammatory responses against pathogenic invaders. Besides integrating cues from commensal microbes, the neonatal immune system must also regulate responses triggered by other environmental signals, such as dietary antigens, which become more complex with the introduction of solid food during the weaning period. This "window of opportunity" in early life is thought to be crucial for the proper development of the immune system, setting the tone of subsequent immune responses in adulthood and modulating the risk of developing chronic and metabolic inflammatory diseases. Here we review the importance of host-microbiota interactions for the development and maturation of the immune system, particularly in the early-life period, highlighting the known mechanisms involved in such communication. This discussion is focused on recent data demonstrating microbiota-mediated education of innate immune cells and its role in the development of lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ignacio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sonia Czyz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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3
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Lassoued N, Yero A, Jenabian MA, Soret R, Pilon N. Efficient enzyme-free method to assess the development and maturation of the innate and adaptive immune systems in the mouse colon. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11063. [PMID: 38744932 PMCID: PMC11094196 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Researchers who aim to globally analyze the gastrointestinal immune system via flow cytometry have many protocol options to choose from, with specifics generally tied to gut wall layers of interest. To get a clearer idea of the approach we should use on full-thickness colon samples from mice, we first undertook a systematic comparison of three tissue dissociation techniques: two based on enzymatic cocktails and the other one based on manual crushing. Using flow cytometry panels of general markers of lymphoid and myeloid cells, we found that the presence of cell-surface markers and relative cell population frequencies were more stable with the mechanical method. Both enzymatic approaches were associated with a marked decrease of several cell-surface markers. Using mechanical dissociation, we then developed two minimally overlapping panels, consisting of a total of 26 antibodies, for serial profiling of lymphoid and myeloid lineages from the mouse colon in greater detail. Here, we highlight how we accurately delineate these populations by manual gating, as well as the reproducibility of our panels on mouse spleen and whole blood. As a proof-of-principle of the usefulness of our general approach, we also report segment- and life stage-specific patterns of immune cell profiles in the colon. Overall, our data indicate that mechanical dissociation is more suitable and efficient than enzymatic methods for recovering immune cells from all colon layers at once. Additionally, our panels will provide researchers with a relatively simple tool for detailed immune cell profiling in the murine gastrointestinal tract, regardless of life stage or experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejia Lassoued
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexis Yero
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Human Immuno-Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Human Immuno-Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rodolphe Soret
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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4
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Serafini N, Di Santo JP. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells: A trained Gutkeeper. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:126-137. [PMID: 38491842 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are tissue-resident immune lymphocytes that critically regulate intestinal homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. ILC3s possess the capacity to "sense" the inflammatory environment within tissues, especially in the context of pathogen challenges that imprints durable non-antigen-specific changes in ILC3 function. As such, ILC3s become a new actor in the emerging field of trained innate immunity. Here, we summarize recent discoveries regarding ILC3 responses to bacterial challenges and the role these encounters play in triggering trained innate immunity. We further discuss how signaling events throughout ILC3 ontogeny potentially control the development and function of trained ILC3s. Finally, we highlight the open questions surrounding ILC3 "training" the answers to which may reveal new insights into innate immunity. Understanding the fundamental concepts behind trained innate immunity could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for improving immunity-based modulation therapies for inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Serafini
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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5
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Gu Y, Bartolomé-Casado R, Xu C, Bertocchi A, Janney A, Heuberger C, Pearson CF, Teichmann SA, Thornton EE, Powrie F. Immune microniches shape intestinal T reg function. Nature 2024; 628:854-862. [PMID: 38570678 PMCID: PMC11041794 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal immune system is highly adapted to maintaining tolerance to the commensal microbiota and self-antigens while defending against invading pathogens1,2. Recognizing how the diverse network of local cells establish homeostasis and maintains it in the complex immune environment of the gut is critical to understanding how tolerance can be re-established following dysfunction, such as in inflammatory disorders. Although cell and molecular interactions that control T regulatory (Treg) cell development and function have been identified3,4, less is known about the cellular neighbourhoods and spatial compartmentalization that shapes microorganism-reactive Treg cell function. Here we used in vivo live imaging, photo-activation-guided single-cell RNA sequencing5-7 and spatial transcriptomics to follow the natural history of T cells that are reactive towards Helicobacter hepaticus through space and time in the settings of tolerance and inflammation. Although antigen stimulation can occur anywhere in the tissue, the lamina propria-but not embedded lymphoid aggregates-is the key microniche that supports effector Treg (eTreg) cell function. eTreg cells are stable once their niche is established; however, unleashing inflammation breaks down compartmentalization, leading to dominance of CD103+SIRPα+ dendritic cells in the lamina propria. We identify and validate the putative tolerogenic interaction between CD206+ macrophages and eTreg cells in the lamina propria and identify receptor-ligand pairs that are likely to govern the interaction. Our results reveal a spatial mechanism of tolerance in the lamina propria and demonstrate how knowledge of local interactions may contribute to the next generation of tolerance-inducing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisu Gu
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raquel Bartolomé-Casado
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chuan Xu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alice Bertocchi
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alina Janney
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cornelia Heuberger
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Claire F Pearson
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily E Thornton
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Fiona Powrie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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6
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Rodriguez-Mogeda C, van Ansenwoude CMJ, van der Molen L, Strijbis EMM, Mebius RE, de Vries HE. The role of CD56 bright NK cells in neurodegenerative disorders. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:48. [PMID: 38350967 PMCID: PMC10865604 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests a potential role for natural killer (NK) cells in neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the precise function of NK cells in these diseases remains ambiguous. The existence of two NK cell subsets, CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells, complicates the understanding of the contribution of NK cells in neurodegeneration as their functions within the context of neurodegenerative diseases may differ significantly. CD56bright NK cells are potent cytokine secretors and are considered more immunoregulatory and less terminally differentiated than their mostly cytotoxic CD56dim counterparts. Hence, this review focusses on NK cells, specifically on CD56bright NK cells, and their role in neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, it explores the mechanisms underlying their ability to enter the central nervous system. By consolidating current knowledge, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview on the role of CD56bright NK cells in neurodegenerative diseases. Elucidating their impact on neurodegeneration may have implications for future therapeutic interventions, potentially ameliorating disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chaja M J van Ansenwoude
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart van der Molen
- IQ Health Science Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva M M Strijbis
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reina E Mebius
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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7
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Bajaj S, Chow A, Drilon A, Kalchiem-Dekel O. Spontaneous Bilateral Chylothorax Development During Alectinib Therapy for ALK-Rearranged NSCLC-A Case Report. JTO Clin Res Rep 2023; 4:100606. [PMID: 38162174 PMCID: PMC10755351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2023.100606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of spontaneous nonmalignant chylous effusions during treatment with various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been previously described; however, there have been no prior reports for alectinib. Herein, we report a case of symptomatic bilateral chylothorax during alectinib therapy in a patient with ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. Although immediate control of symptoms was achieved by placement of bilateral tunneled pleural catheters, the chylothorax ultimately resolved only after alectinib discontinuation and transition to an alternative TKI. This case adds alectinib to the growing list of TKIs that may be associated with the rare emergence of spontaneous, nonmalignant chylous effusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunanjay Bajaj
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew Chow
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Alexander Drilon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Or Kalchiem-Dekel
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York, New York
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8
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Wang M, Rajkumar S, Lai Y, Liu X, He J, Ishikawa T, Nallapothula D, Singh RR. Tertiary lymphoid structures as local perpetuators of organ-specific immune injury: implication for lupus nephritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1204777. [PMID: 38022566 PMCID: PMC10644380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1204777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to inflammatory stimuli in conditions such as autoimmune disorders, infections and cancers, immune cells organize in nonlymphoid tissues, which resemble secondary lymphoid organs. Such immune cell clusters are called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). Here, we describe the potential role of TLS in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease, focusing on lupus nephritis, a condition that incurs major morbidity and mortality. In the kidneys of patients and animals with lupus nephritis, the presence of immune cell aggregates with similar cell composition, structure, and gene signature as lymph nodes and of lymphoid tissue-inducer and -organizer cells, along with evidence of communication between stromal and immune cells are indicative of the formation of TLS. TLS formation in kidneys affected by lupus may be instigated by local increases in lymphorganogenic chemokines such as CXCL13, and in molecules associated with leukocyte migration and vascularization. Importantly, the presence of TLS in kidneys is associated with severe tubulointerstitial inflammation, higher disease activity and chronicity indices, and poor response to treatment in patients with lupus nephritis. TLS may contribute to the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis by increasing local IFN-I production, facilitating the recruitment and supporting survival of autoreactive B cells, maintaining local production of systemic autoantibodies such as anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm/RNP autoantibodies, and initiating epitope spreading to local autoantigens. Resolution of TLS, along with improvement in lupus, by treating animals with soluble BAFF receptor, docosahexaenoic acid, complement inhibitor C4BP(β-), S1P1 receptor modulator Cenerimod, dexamethasone, and anti-CXCL13 further emphasizes a role of TLS in the pathogenesis of lupus. However, the mechanisms underlying TLS formation and their roles in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis are not fully comprehended. Furthermore, the lack of non-invasive methods to visualize/quantify TLS in kidneys is also a major hurdle; however, recent success in visualizing TLS in lupus-prone mice by photon emission computed tomography provides hope for early detection and manipulation of TLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hosiptal, Shenzhen, China
- Autoimmunity and Tolerance Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Snehin Rajkumar
- Autoimmunity and Tolerance Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yupeng Lai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingjiao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tatsuya Ishikawa
- Autoimmunity and Tolerance Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dhiraj Nallapothula
- Autoimmunity and Tolerance Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ram Raj Singh
- Autoimmunity and Tolerance Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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9
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Choi EL, Taheri N, Tan E, Matsumoto K, Hayashi Y. The Crucial Role of the Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Neurointestinal Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1358. [PMID: 37759758 PMCID: PMC10526372 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurointestinal diseases result from dysregulated interactions between the nervous system and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, leading to conditions such as Hirschsprung's disease and irritable bowel syndrome. These disorders affect many people, significantly diminishing their quality of life and overall health. Central to GI motility are the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), which play a key role in muscle contractions and neuromuscular transmission. This review highlights the role of ICC in neurointestinal diseases, revealing their association with various GI ailments. Understanding the functions of the ICC could lead to innovative perspectives on the modulation of GI motility and introduce new therapeutic paradigms. These insights have the potential to enhance efforts to combat neurointestinal diseases and may lead to interventions that could alleviate or even reverse these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egan L. Choi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Guggenheim 10, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (E.L.C.); (N.T.)
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Negar Taheri
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Guggenheim 10, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (E.L.C.); (N.T.)
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Elijah Tan
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Guggenheim 10, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (E.L.C.); (N.T.)
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan;
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Guggenheim 10, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (E.L.C.); (N.T.)
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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10
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Zheng M, Yao C, Ren G, Mao K, Chung H, Chen X, Hu G, Wang L, Luan X, Fang D, Li D, Zhong C, Lu X, Cannon N, Zhang M, Bhandoola A, Zhao K, O'Shea JJ, Zhu J. Transcription factor TCF-1 regulates the functions, but not the development, of lymphoid tissue inducer subsets in different tissues. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112924. [PMID: 37540600 PMCID: PMC10504686 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells, a subset of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), play an essential role in the formation of secondary lymphoid tissues. However, the regulation of the development and functions of this ILC subset is still elusive. In this study, we report that the transcription factor T cell factor 1 (TCF-1), just as GATA3, is indispensable for the development of non-LTi ILC subsets. While LTi cells are still present in TCF-1-deficient mice, the organogenesis of Peyer's patches (PPs), but not of lymph nodes, is impaired in these mice. LTi cells from different tissues have distinct gene expression patterns, and TCF-1 regulates the expression of lymphotoxin specifically in PP LTi cells. Mechanistically, TCF-1 may directly and/or indirectly regulate Lta, including through promoting the expression of GATA3. Thus, the TCF-1-GATA3 axis, which plays an important role during T cell development, also critically regulates the development of non-LTi cells and tissue-specific functions of LTi cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Zheng
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Chen Yao
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Immunology & Kidney Cancer Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gang Ren
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Kairui Mao
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hyunwoo Chung
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Bioinformatics Core, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Bioinformatics Core, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Xuemei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Difeng Fang
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Lu
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nikki Cannon
- Bioinformatics Core, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Mingxu Zhang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining 314400, China
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Keji Zhao
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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11
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D'Acquisto F, D'Addario C, Cooper D, Pallanti S, Blacksell I. Peripheral control of psychiatric disorders: Focus on OCD. Are we there yet? Compr Psychiatry 2023; 123:152388. [PMID: 37060625 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
"We are all in this together" - we often hear this phrase when we want to flag up a problem that is not for a single individual but concerns us all. A similar reflection has been recently made in the field of mental disorders where brain-centric scientists have started to zoom out their brain-focused graphical representations of the mechanisms regulating psychiatric diseases to include other organs or mediators that did not belong historically to the world of neuroscience. The brain itself - that has long been seen as a master in command secluded in its fortress (the blood brain barrier), has now become a collection of Airbnb(s) where all sorts of cells come in and out and sometimes even rearrange the furniture! Under this new framework of reference, mental disorders have become multisystem pathologies where different biological systems - not just the CNS -contribute 'all together' to the development and severity of the disease. In this narrative review article, we will focus on one of the most popular biological systems that has been shown to influence the functioning of the CNS: the immune system. We will specifically highlight the two main features of the immune system and the CNS that we think are important in the context of mental disorders: plasticity and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio D'Acquisto
- School of Life and Health Science, University of Roehampton, London, UK.
| | - Claudio D'Addario
- Faculty of Bioscience, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dianne Cooper
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stefano Pallanti
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine,New York, USA; Istituto di Neuroscienze, Florence, Italy
| | - Isobel Blacksell
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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12
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Ochoa MC, Sanchez-Gregorio S, de Andrea CE, Garasa S, Alvarez M, Olivera I, Glez-Vaz J, Luri-Rey C, Etxeberria I, Cirella A, Azpilikueta A, Berraondo P, Argemi J, Sangro B, Teijeira A, Melero I. Synergistic effects of combined immunotherapy strategies in a model of multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101009. [PMID: 37040772 PMCID: PMC10140615 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint-inhibitor combinations are the best therapeutic option for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, but improvements in efficacy are needed to improve response rates. We develop a multifocal HCC model to test immunotherapies by introducing c-myc using hydrodynamic gene transfer along with CRISPR-Cas9-mediated disruption of p53 in mouse hepatocytes. Additionally, induced co-expression of luciferase, EGFP, and the melanosomal antigen gp100 facilitates studies on the underlying immunological mechanisms. We show that treatment of the mice with a combination of anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD1 mAbs results in partial clearance of the tumor with an improvement in survival. However, the addition of either recombinant IL-2 or an anti-CD137 mAb markedly improves both outcomes in these mice. Combining tumor-specific adoptive T cell therapy to the aCTLA-4/aPD1/rIL2 or aCTLA-4/aPD1/aCD137 regimens enhances efficacy in a synergistic manner. As shown by multiplex tissue immunofluorescence and intravital microscopy, combined immunotherapy treatments enhance T cell infiltration and the intratumoral performance of T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmen Ochoa
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Gregorio
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos E de Andrea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Saray Garasa
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Alvarez
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Olivera
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Glez-Vaz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Luri-Rey
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Etxeberria
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Assunta Cirella
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josepmaria Argemi
- Liver Unit and HPB Oncology Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sangro
- Liver Unit and HPB Oncology Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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13
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Howley K, Berthelette A, Ceglia S, Kang J, Reboldi A. Embryonic type 3 innate lymphoid cells sense maternal dietary cholesterol to control local Peyer's patch development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.19.533339. [PMID: 36993524 PMCID: PMC10055282 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.19.533339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells develop during intrauterine life and rely on developmental programs to initiate the organogenesis of secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). This evolutionary conserved process endows the fetus with the ability to orchestrate the immune response after birth and to react to the triggers present in the environment. While it is established that LTi function can be shaped by maternal-derived cues and is critical to prepare the neonate with a functional scaffold to mount immune response, the cellular mechanisms that control anatomically distinct SLO organogenesis remain unclear. We discovered that LTi cells forming Peyer's patches, gut-specific SLOs, require the coordinated action of two migratory G protein coupled receptors (GPCR) GPR183 and CCR6. These two GPCRs are uniformly expressed on LTi cells across SLOs, but their deficiency specifically impacts Peyer's patch formation, even when restricted to fetal window. The unique CCR6 ligand is CCL20, while the ligand for GPR183 is the cholesterol metabolite 7α,25-Dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-HC), whose production is controlled by the enzyme cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H). We identified a fetal stromal cell subset that expresses CH25H and attracts LTi cells in the nascent Peyer's patch anlagen. GPR183 ligand concentration can be modulated by the cholesterol content in the maternal diet and impacts LTi cell maturation in vitro and in vivo, highlighting a link between maternal nutrients and intestinal SLO organogenesis. Our findings revealed that in the fetal intestine, cholesterol metabolite sensing by GPR183 in LTi cells for Peyer's patch formation is dominant in the duodenum, the site of cholesterol absorption in the adult. This anatomic requirement suggests that embryonic, long-lived non-hematopoietic cells might exploit adult metabolic functions to ensure highly specialized SLO development in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Howley
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Alyssa Berthelette
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Simona Ceglia
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Joonsoo Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Andrea Reboldi
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
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14
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Torow N, Hand TW, Hornef MW. Programmed and environmental determinants driving neonatal mucosal immune development. Immunity 2023; 56:485-499. [PMID: 36921575 PMCID: PMC10079302 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system of neonates goes through successive, non-redundant phases that support the developmental needs of the infant and ultimately establish immune homeostasis. These phases are informed by environmental cues, including dietary and microbial stimuli, but also evolutionary developmental programming that functions independently of external stimuli. The immune response to exogenous stimuli is tightly regulated during early life; thresholds are set within this neonatal "window of opportunity" that govern how the immune system will respond to diet, the microbiota, and pathogenic microorganisms in the future. Thus, changes in early-life exposure, such as breastfeeding or environmental and microbial stimuli, influence immunological and metabolic homeostasis and the risk of developing diseases such as asthma/allergy and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Torow
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Timothy W Hand
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| | - Mathias W Hornef
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
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15
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Teijeira A, Garasa S, Luri-Rey C, de Andrea C, Gato M, Molina C, Kaisho T, Cirella A, Azpilikueta A, Wculek SK, Egea J, Olivera I, Rodriguez I, Rouzaut A, Verkhusha V, Valencia K, Sancho D, Berraondo P, Melero I. Depletion of Conventional Type-1 Dendritic Cells in Established Tumors Suppresses Immunotherapy Efficacy. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4373-4385. [PMID: 36130020 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The ability of conventional type-1 dendritic cells (cDC1) to cross-present tumor antigens to CD8+ T cells is critical for the induction of antitumor CTLs. Mice that are constitutively deficient in cDC1 cells have been reported to fail to respond to immunotherapy strategies based on checkpoint inhibitors. However, further work is needed to clarify the precise time during immunotherapy treatment that cDC1 cells are required for the beneficial effect of treatment. Here, we used a refined XCR1-DTR-Venus transgenic mouse model to acutely deplete cDC1 cells and trace their behavior using intravital microscopy. Diphtheria toxin-mediated cDC1 depletion prior to immunotherapy treatment with anti-PD-1 and/or anti-CD137 immunostimulatory mAbs completely ablated antitumor efficacy. The efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy was also hampered by prior cDC1 depletion. After the onset of immunotherapy treatment, depletion of cDC1s only moderately reduced the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-CD137 mAbs. Intravital microscopy of liver-engrafted tumors revealed changes in the intratumoral behavior of cDC1 cells in mice receiving immunotherapy, and treatment with diphtheria toxin to deplete cDC1s impaired tumor T-cell infiltration and function. These results reveal that the functional integrity of the cDC1 compartment is required at the onset of various immunotherapies to successfully treat established tumors. SIGNIFICANCE These findings reveal the intratumoral behavior of cDC1 dendritic cells in transgenic mouse models and demonstrate that the efficacy of immunotherapy regimens is precluded by elimination of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Teijeira
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Saray Garasa
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Luri-Rey
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos de Andrea
- Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Pathology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Gato
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Molina
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Assunta Cirella
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Steffanie K Wculek
- Immunobiology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigación Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josune Egea
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Olivera
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rodriguez
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rouzaut
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Vladislav Verkhusha
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Karmele Valencia
- Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Oncology Department, CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigación Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute of Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Deparments of Immunology and Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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16
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Maladaptive consequences of inflammatory events shape individual immune identity. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:1675-1686. [PMID: 36411382 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate immune system develops in layers, as modes of immunity have evolved on top of each other through time with the expansion of organismal complexity. The maturation timing of immune cell subsets, such as innate immune cells, innate-like cells and adaptive cells, corresponds to their physiological roles in protective immunity. While various cell subsets have specialized roles, they also complement each other to clear pathogens, resolve inflammation and maintain homeostasis, especially at barrier sites with high microbial density. Immune cells adapt to inflammatory insults through mechanisms including epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming, clonal expansion and enhanced communication with the surrounding tissue environment. Over time, these adaptations shape an individual immune identity, reflective of the overlay between the genetic predisposition and the antigenic and environmental exposures of each individual. While some aspects of this immune shaping are natural consequences of immune maturation over time, others are maladaptive and predispose to irreversible pathology. In this Perspective, we provide a framework for categorizing the shaping events of the immune response, in terms of mechanisms, contexts and functional outcomes. We aim to clarify how these terms can be appropriately applied to future findings that impact immune function.
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17
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CHEN J, CHEN J, WANG L. Tertiary lymphoid structures as unique constructions associated with the organization, education, and function of tumor-infiltrating immunocytes. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:812-822. [PMID: 36226536 PMCID: PMC9561406 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are formations at sites with persistent inflammatory stimulation, including tumors. These ectopic lymphoid organs mainly consist of chemo-attracting B cells, T cells, and supporting dendritic cells (DCs). Mature TLSs exhibit functional organization for the optimal development and collaboration of adaptive immune response, delivering an augmented effect on the tumor microenvironment (TME). The description of the positive correlation between TLSs and tumor prognosis is reliable only under a certain condition involving the localization and maturation of TLSs. Emerging evidence suggests that underlying mechanisms of the anti-tumor effect of TLSs pave the way for novel immunotherapies. Several approaches have been developed to take advantage of intratumoral TLSs, either by combining it with therapeutic agents or by inducing the neogenesis of TLSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing CHEN
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310009, China,Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Jian CHEN
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310009, China,Jian CHEN,
| | - Lie WANG
- Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou311121, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Lie WANG,
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18
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Wang X, Du C, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Wang X. Artemin affects the survival and prognosis of endometrial cancer patients via regulating tumor cell proliferation. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100597. [PMID: 35772316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the study is to analyze the impact of Artemin on survival and prognosis in endometrial cancer (EC) patients by bioinformatics methods. As a member of the glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family, Artemin is not only important in the repair process of nerve damage, but also involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that Artemin mRNA was overexpressed in EC tissues. Artemin expression was closely related to the FIGO stage, pathologic differentiation, deep myometrial infiltration, lymphatic metastasis, and survival status. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ectopic overexpression of Artemin predicted poor survival prognosis. Artemin expression could be used as an independent risk factor for the prognosis of EC patients. The proliferation of EC cells was significantly downregulated by silencing of Artemin. Artemin promotes tumor progression by regulating the proliferation of EC cells, thereby affecting the prognosis of EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China.
| | - Chao Du
- Department of Biochemistry, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Xingcha Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
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19
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LTα, TNF, and ILC3 in Peyer's Patch Organogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121970. [PMID: 35741098 PMCID: PMC9221848 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF and LTα are structurally related cytokines of the TNF superfamily. Their genes are located in close proximity to each other and to the Ltb gene within the TNF/LT locus inside MHC. Unlike Ltb, transcription of Tnf and of Lta is tightly controlled, with the Tnf gene being an immediate early gene that is rapidly induced in response to various inflammatory stimuli. Genes of the TNF/LT locus play a crucial role in lymphoid tissue organogenesis, although some aspects of their specific contribution remain controversial. Here, we present new findings and discuss the distinct contribution of TNF produced by ILC3 cells to Peyer’s patch organogenesis.
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20
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Yano H, Artis D. Neuronal regulation of innate lymphoid cell responses. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 76:102205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Jørgensen PB, Eriksen LL, Fenton TM, Bailey M, Agace WW, Mörbe UM. The porcine large intestine contains developmentally distinct submucosal lymphoid clusters and mucosal isolated lymphoid follicles. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:104375. [PMID: 35219758 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) serve as key priming sites for intestinal adaptive immune responses. Most of our understanding of GALT function and development arises from studies in mice. However, the diversity, structure and cellular composition of GALT differs markedly between mammalian species and the developmental window in which distinct GALT structures develop in large mammals remains poorly understood. Given the importance of pigs as models of human disease, as well as their role in livestock production, we adapted a recently developed protocol for the isolation of human GALT to assess the diversity, development and immune composition of large intestinal GALT in neonatal and adult pigs. We demonstrate that the large intestine of adult pigs contains two major GALT types; multifollicular submucosal GALT that we term submucosal lymphoid clusters (SLC) which develop prenatally, and as yet undescribed mucosal isolated lymphoid follicles (M-ILF), which arise after birth. Using confocal laser microscopy and flow cytometry, we additionally assess the microanatomy and lymphocyte composition of SLC and M-ILF, compare them to jejunal Peyer's patches (PP), and describe the maturation of these structures. Collectively, our results provide a deeper understanding of the diversity and development of GALT within the porcine large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Jørgensen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lise L Eriksen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Fenton
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michael Bailey
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
| | - William W Agace
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark; Immunology Section, Lund University, BMC D14, Lund, Sweden
| | - Urs M Mörbe
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark.
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22
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Yao WL, Liu LP, Wen YQ, Wang BS, Dong JQ, He WH, Fan XP, Wang WH, Zhang WD. Moniezia benedeni infection enhances neuromedin U (NMU) expression in sheep (Ovis aries) small intestine. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:143. [PMID: 35439995 PMCID: PMC9016964 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromedin U (NMU) plays an important role in activating the group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and initiating the host's anti-parasitic immune responses. It is aimed to explore the distribution characteristics of NMU in the sheep small intestine and the influence of Moniezia benedeni infection on them. In the present study, the pET-28a-NMU recombinant plasmids were constructed, and Escherichia coli. BL21 (DE3) were induced to express the recombinant protein. And then, the rabbit anti-sheep NMU polyclonal antibody was prepared and immunofluorescence staining was performed with it. The expression levels of NMU in the intestine of normal and Moniezia benedeni-infected sheep were detected by ELISA. RESULTS The results showed that the molecular weight of the obtained NMU recombinant protein was consistent with the expected molecular (13 kDa) and it was expressed in the form of inclusion body. The titer and specificity of obtained rabbit anti-sheep NMU polyclonal antibody were good. The results of immunofluorescence analysis showed that the nerve fibers which specifically expressed NMU mainly extended from the ganglion in the submucosal to lamina propria (LP) in the sheep small intestine, and the expression level was relatively high; especially on the nerve fibers of LP around the intestinal glands. The expression levels were gradually increased from the duodenum to the ileum, and the levels in the jejunum and ileum were significantly higher than that in the duodenum (P < 0.05). In addition, scattered NMU positive cells were distributed in the epithelium of the jejunal crypts. Moniezia benedeni infection increased the expression of NMU in each intestinal segment, especially in the jejunum and ileum there were significant increase (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It was suggested that Moniezia benedeni infection could be detected by the high expression of NMU in sheep enteric nervous, and which laid the foundation for further studies on whether NMU exerts anti-parasitic immunity by activating ILC2s. In addition, NMU was expressed in some intestinal gland epitheliums, which also provided a basis for studying its roles in regulation of the immune homeostasis. The present study laid the foundation for further revealing the molecular mechanism of sheep's neural-immune interaction network perceiving the colacobiosis of parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ling Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yan-Qiao Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Bao-Shan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Jia-Qi Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Wan-Hong He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Xi-Ping Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Wen-Hui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Wang-Dong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
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23
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You R, Artichoker J, Ray A, Gonzalez Velozo H, Rock DA, Conner KP, Krummel MF. Visualizing Spatial and Stoichiometric Barriers to Bispecific T-cell Engager Efficacy. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:698-712. [PMID: 35413104 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) molecules are biologic T cell-directing immunotherapies. Blinatumomab is approved for treatment of B-cell malignancies, but BiTE molecule development in solid tumors has been more challenging. Here, we employed intravital imaging to characterize exposure and pharmacodynamic response of an anti-muCD3/anti-huEGFRvIII mouse surrogate BiTE molecule in epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII)-positive breast tumors implanted within immunocompetent mice. Our study revealed heterogeneous temporal and spatial dynamics of BiTE molecule extravasation into solid tumors, highlighting physical barriers to BiTE molecule function. We also discovered that high, homogeneous EGFRvIII expression on cancer cells was necessary for a BiTE molecule to efficiently clear tumors. Additionally, we found that resident tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were sufficient for optimal tumor killing only at high BiTE molecule dosage, whereas inclusion of peripheral T-cell recruitment was synergistic at moderate to low dosages. We report that deletion of stimulatory conventional type I DCs (cDC1) diminished BiTE molecule-induced T-cell activation and tumor clearance, suggesting that in situ antigen-presenting cell (APC) engagements modulate the extent of BiTE molecule efficacy. In summary, our work identified multiple requirements for optimal BiTE molecule efficacy in solid tumors, providing insights that could be harnessed for solid cancer immunotherapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran You
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jordan Artichoker
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Biological Imaging Development CoLab, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Arja Ray
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Hugo Gonzalez Velozo
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Dan A Rock
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, South San Francisco, California
| | - Kip P Conner
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, South San Francisco, California
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Biological Imaging Development CoLab, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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24
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Klein Wolterink RGJ, Wu GS, Chiu IM, Veiga-Fernandes H. Neuroimmune Interactions in Peripheral Organs. Annu Rev Neurosci 2022; 45:339-360. [PMID: 35363534 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-111020-105359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between the nervous and immune systems were recognized long ago, but recent studies show that this crosstalk occurs more frequently than was previously appreciated. Moreover, technological advances have enabled the identification of the molecular mediators and receptors that enable the interaction between these two complex systems and provide new insights on the role of neuroimmune crosstalk in organismal physiology. Most neuroimmune interaction occurs at discrete anatomical locations in which neurons and immune cells colocalize. Here, we describe the interactions of the different branches of the peripheral nervous system with immune cells in various organs, including the skin, intestine, lung, and adipose tissue. We highlight how neuroimmune crosstalk orchestrates physiological processes such as host defense, tissue repair, metabolism, and thermogenesis. Unraveling these intricate relationships is invaluable to explore the therapeutic potential of neuroimmune interaction. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 45 is July 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Glendon S Wu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
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25
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Friess MC, Kritikos I, Schineis P, Medina-Sanchez JD, Gkountidi AO, Vallone A, Sigmund EC, Schwitter C, Vranova M, Matti C, Arasa J, Saygili Demir C, Bovay E, Proulx ST, Tomura M, Rot A, Legler DF, Petrova TV, Halin C. Mechanosensitive ACKR4 scavenges CCR7 chemokines to facilitate T cell de-adhesion and passive transport by flow in inflamed afferent lymphatics. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110334. [PMID: 35108538 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell migration via afferent lymphatics to draining lymph nodes (dLNs) depends on expression of CCR7 in T cells and CCL21 in the lymphatic vasculature. Once T cells have entered lymphatic capillaries, they slowly migrate into contracting collecting vessels. Here, lymph flow picks up, inducing T cell detachment and rapid transport to the dLNs. We find that the atypical chemokine receptor 4 (ACKR4), which binds and internalizes CCL19 and CCL21, is induced by lymph flow in endothelial cells lining lymphatic collectors, enabling them to scavenge these chemokines. In the absence of ACKR4, migration of T cells to dLNs in TPA-induced inflammation is significantly reduced. While entry into capillaries is not impaired, T cells accumulate in the ACKR4-deficient dermal collecting vessel segments. Overall, our findings identify an ACKR4-mediated mechanism by which lymphatic collectors facilitate the detachment of lymph-borne T cells in inflammation and their transition from crawling to free-flow toward the dLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona C Friess
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Kritikos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schineis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Angela Vallone
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena C Sigmund
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corina Schwitter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Vranova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Matti
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Jorge Arasa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cansaran Saygili Demir
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Esther Bovay
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, UK; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel F Legler
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland; Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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26
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TAKAHASHI M. RET receptor signaling: Function in development, metabolic disease, and cancer. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 98:112-125. [PMID: 35283407 PMCID: PMC8948417 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase whose alterations are responsible for various human cancers and developmental disorders, including thyroid cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, and Hirschsprung's disease. RET receptors are physiologically activated by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands that bind to the coreceptor GDNF family receptor α (GFRα). Signaling via the GDNF/GFRα1/RET ternary complex plays crucial roles in the development of the enteric nervous system, kidneys, and urinary tract, as well as in the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells. In addition, another ligand, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), has been shown to bind to GFRα-like and activate RET, regulating body weight. GDF15 is a stress response cytokine, and its elevated serum levels affect metabolism and anorexia-cachexia syndrome. Moreover, recent development of RET-specific kinase inhibitors contributed significantly to progress in the treatment of patients with RET-altered cancer. This review focuses on the broad roles of RET in development, metabolic diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide TAKAHASHI
- International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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27
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Collado-Diaz V, Medina-Sanchez JD, Gkountidi AO, Halin C. Imaging leukocyte migration through afferent lymphatics. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:43-57. [PMID: 34708414 PMCID: PMC9298274 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Afferent lymphatics mediate the transport of antigen and leukocytes, especially of dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, from peripheral tissues to draining lymph nodes (dLNs). As such they play important roles in the induction and regulation of adaptive immunity. Over the past 15 years, great advances in our understanding of leukocyte trafficking through afferent lymphatics have been made through time‐lapse imaging studies performed in tissue explants and in vivo, allowing to visualize this process with cellular resolution. Intravital imaging has revealed that intralymphatic leukocytes continue to actively migrate once they have entered into lymphatic capillaries, as a consequence of the low flow conditions present in this compartment. In fact, leukocytes spend considerable time migrating, patrolling and interacting with the lymphatic endothelium or with other intralymphatic leukocytes within lymphatic capillaries. Cells typically only start to detach once they arrive in downstream‐located collecting vessels, where vessel contractions contribute to enhanced lymph flow. In this review, we will introduce the biology of afferent lymphatic vessels and report on the presumed significance of DC and T cell migration via this route. We will specifically highlight how time‐lapse imaging has contributed to the current model of lymphatic trafficking and the emerging notion that ‐ besides transport – lymphatic capillaries exert additional roles in immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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28
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Stehle C, Rückert T, Fiancette R, Gajdasik DW, Willis C, Ulbricht C, Durek P, Mashreghi MF, Finke D, Hauser AE, Withers DR, Chang HD, Zimmermann J, Romagnani C. T-bet and RORα control lymph node formation by regulating embryonic innate lymphoid cell differentiation. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1231-1244. [PMID: 34556887 PMCID: PMC7614953 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The generation of lymphoid tissues during embryogenesis relies on group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) displaying lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) activity and expressing the master transcription factor RORγt. Accordingly, RORγt-deficient mice lack ILC3 and lymphoid structures, including lymph nodes (LN). Whereas T-bet affects differentiation and functions of ILC3 postnatally, the role of T-bet in regulating fetal ILC3 and LN formation remains completely unknown. Using multiple mouse models and single-cell analyses of fetal ILCs and ILC progenitors (ILCP), here we identify a key role for T-bet during embryogenesis and show that its deficiency rescues LN formation in RORγt-deficient mice. Mechanistically, T-bet deletion skews the differentiation fate of fetal ILCs and promotes the accumulation of PLZFhi ILCP expressing central LTi molecules in a RORα-dependent fashion. Our data unveil an unexpected role for T-bet and RORα during embryonic ILC function and highlight that RORγt is crucial in counteracting the suppressive effects of T-bet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Stehle
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Rückert
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rémi Fiancette
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dominika W Gajdasik
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Claire Willis
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Carolin Ulbricht
- Immune Dynamics, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- Cell Biology, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Finke
- Department of Biomedicine and University Children's Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Erika Hauser
- Immune Dynamics, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - David R Withers
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- Schwiete Laboratory for Microbiota and Inflammation, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cytometry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Zimmermann
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Romagnani
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Centre-a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany.
- Leibniz-Science Campus Chronic Inflammation, Berlin, Germany.
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29
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Szudy-Szczyrek A, Ahern S, Kozioł M, Majowicz D, Szczyrek M, Krawczyk J, Hus M. Therapeutic Potential of Innate Lymphoid Cells for Multiple Myeloma Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4806. [PMID: 34638291 PMCID: PMC8507621 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently identified family of lymphocyte-like cells lacking a specific antigen receptor. They are part of the innate immune system. They play a key role in tissue homeostasis and also control inflammatory and neoplastic processes. In response to environmental stimuli, ILCs change their phenotype and functions, and influence the activity of other cells in the microenvironment. ILC dysfunction can lead to a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. ILC can be divided into three subgroups: ILC Group 1, comprising NK cells and ILC1; Group 2, including ILC2 alone; and Group 3, containing Lymphoid Tissue inducers (LTi) and ILC3 cells. While Group 1 ILCs mainly exert antitumour activity, Group 2 and Group 3 ILCs are protumorigenic in nature. A growing body of preclinical and clinical data support the role of ILCs in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, targeting ILCs may be of clinical benefit. In this manuscript, we review the available data on the role of ILCs in MM immunology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Szudy-Szczyrek
- Chair and Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Sean Ahern
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (S.A.); (J.K.)
- National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Magdalena Kozioł
- Chair and Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Daria Majowicz
- Chair and Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Michał Szczyrek
- Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Janusz Krawczyk
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (S.A.); (J.K.)
- National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Marek Hus
- Chair and Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.); (D.M.)
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30
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Lan C, Wu Y, Wang N, Luo Y, Zhao J, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Huang L, Zhu Y, Lu L, Zhong W, Zeng J, Xia H. Association between ABHD1 and DOK6 polymorphisms and susceptibility to Hirschsprung disease in Southern Chinese children. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9609-9616. [PMID: 34545688 PMCID: PMC8505836 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is an infrequent congenital intestinal dysplasia. The known genetic variations are unable to fully explain the pathogenesis of HSCR. The α/β‐hydratase domain 1 (ABHD1) interferes with the proliferation and migration of intestinal stem cells. Docking protein 6 (DOK6) is involved in neurodevelopment through RET signalling pathway. We examined the association of ABHD1 and DOK6 genetic variants with HSCR using 1470 controls and 1473 HSCR patients from Southern Chinese children. The results clarified that DOK6 rs12968648 G allele significantly increased HSCR susceptibility, in the allelic model (p = 0.034; OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.01~1.24) and the dominant model (p = 0.038; OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.01~1.25). Clinical stratification analysis showed that rs12968648 G allele was associated with increased risk of short‐segment HSCR (S‐HSCR), in the allelic model (p = 0.028; OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.01~1.28) and the additive model (p = 0.030; OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.01~1.28). ABHD1 rs2304678 C allele had higher risk to develop total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) in the allelic model (p = 7.04E‐03; OR = 1.67, 95%CI = 1.15~2.43) and the dominant model (p = 4.12E‐03; OR = 1.93, 95%CI = 1.23~3.04). DOK6 rs12968648 and ABHD1 rs2304678 had significant intergenic synergistic effect according to logical regression (p = 0.0081; OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.63~0.93) and multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR, p = 0.0045; OR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.07~1.46). This study verified two susceptible variations of HSCR on ABHD1 and DOK6. Their roles in HSCR should be conducted in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Lan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Baiyunshan Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinglu Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lifeng Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jixiao Zeng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huimin Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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31
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Cardoso F, Klein Wolterink RGJ, Godinho-Silva C, Domingues RG, Ribeiro H, da Silva JA, Mahú I, Domingos AI, Veiga-Fernandes H. Neuro-mesenchymal units control ILC2 and obesity via a brain-adipose circuit. Nature 2021; 597:410-414. [PMID: 34408322 PMCID: PMC7614847 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Signals from sympathetic neurons and immune cells regulate adipocytes and thereby contribute to fat tissue biology. Interactions between the nervous and immune systems have recently emerged as important regulators of host defence and inflammation1-4. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether neuronal and immune cells co-operate in brain-body axes to orchestrate metabolism and obesity. Here we describe a neuro-mesenchymal unit that controls group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), adipose tissue physiology, metabolism and obesity via a brain-adipose circuit. We found that sympathetic nerve terminals act on neighbouring adipose mesenchymal cells via the β2-adrenergic receptor to control the expression of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and the activity of ILC2s in gonadal fat. Accordingly, ILC2-autonomous manipulation of the GDNF receptor machinery led to alterations in ILC2 function, energy expenditure, insulin resistance and propensity to obesity. Retrograde tracing and chemical, surgical and chemogenetic manipulations identified a sympathetic aorticorenal circuit that modulates ILC2s in gonadal fat and connects to higher-order brain areas, including the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Our results identify a neuro-mesenchymal unit that translates cues from long-range neuronal circuitry into adipose-resident ILC2 function, thereby shaping host metabolism and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Cardoso
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | - Rita G Domingues
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Hélder Ribeiro
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Inês Mahú
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Ana I Domingos
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
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Abstract
Glia, the non-neuronal cells of the nervous system, were long considered secondary cells only necessary for supporting the functions of their more important neuronal neighbors. Work by many groups over the past two decades has completely overturned this notion, revealing the myriad and vital functions of glia in nervous system development, plasticity, and health. The largest population of glia outside the brain is in the enteric nervous system, a division of the autonomic nervous system that constitutes a key node of the gut-brain axis. Here, we review the latest in the understanding of these enteric glia in mammals with a focus on their putative roles in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry J. Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Meenakshi Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Abstract
Infants are born without an established gut microbiota, which develops rapidly after birth and is shaped by the maternal microbiota. However, how the maternal microbiota, through shaping the neonatal microbiota, would affect the establishment of a strong immune system in neonates remains unclear. Here, we show mechanistically how the maternal microbiota regulates the de novo production of neonatal IgA. Infants are prone to enteric infections due to an underdeveloped immune system. The maternal microbiota, through shaping the neonatal microbiota, helps establish a strong immune system in infants. We and others have observed the phenomenon of enhanced early neonatal immunoglobulin A (IgA) production in preweaning immunocompetent mice nursed by immunodeficient dams. Here, we show that this enhancement of IgA in neonates results from maternally derived microbiota. In addition, we have found that the neonatal IgA production can be induced by Lactobacillus reuteri, which is enriched in the milk of immunodeficient dams. Moreover, we show that while the production of neonatal IgA is dependent on neonatal T cells, the immunodeficient maternal microbiota-mediated enhancement of neonatal IgA has a T cell–independent component. Indeed, this enhancement may be dependent on type 3 innate lymphoid cells in the neonatal small intestinal lamina propria. Interestingly, maternal microbiota-induced neonatal IgA does not cross-react with common enteric pathogens. Future investigations will determine the functional consequences of having this extra IgA.
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34
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Group 3 innate lymphoid cells mediate host defense against attaching and effacing pathogens. Curr Opin Microbiol 2021; 63:83-91. [PMID: 34274597 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are innate effector cells that have essential roles in lymphoid organogenesis and maintenance of tissue homeostasis under steady-state and pathogenic conditions. ILC3 also promote immune defense, notably during bacterial breach of epithelial barriers, including those caused by attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogens for which Citrobacter rodentium infection in mice is a relevant pre-clinical model. Through their ability to sustain interactions with tissue-resident immune cells, epithelial cells, neurons or stromal cells, ILC3 constitute a key orchestrator that maintains the intestinal barrier. In this review, we will examine the function of murine ILC3 in host defense against C. rodentium infection and provide a discussion of recent advances that help elucidate the specific roles of these novel innate immune effector cells at mucosal surfaces.
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35
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Zheng M, Mao K, Fang D, Li D, Lyu J, Peng D, Chen X, Cannon N, Hu G, Han J, Zhao K, Chen W, Zhu J. B cell residency but not T cell-independent IgA switching in the gut requires innate lymphoid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106754118. [PMID: 34187897 PMCID: PMC8271577 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106754118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing plasma cells derived from conventional B cells in the gut play an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of gut flora. Both T cell-dependent and T cell-independent IgA class switching occurs in the lymphoid structures in the gut, whose formation depends on lymphoid tissue inducers (LTis), a subset of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). However, our knowledge on the functions of non-LTi helper-like ILCs, the innate counter parts of CD4 T helper cells, in promoting IgA production is still limited. By cell adoptive transfer and utilizing a unique mouse strain, we demonstrated that the generation of IgA-producing plasma cells from B cells in the gut occurred efficiently in the absence of both T cells and helper-like ILCs and without engaging TGF-β signaling. Nevertheless, B cell recruitment and/or retention in the gut required functional NKp46-CCR6+ LTis. Therefore, while CCR6+ LTis contribute to the accumulation of B cells in the gut through inducing lymphoid structure formation, helper-like ILCs are not essential for the T cell-independent generation of IgA-producing plasma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Zheng
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kairui Mao
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Difeng Fang
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Dan Li
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingkang Peng
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Nikki Cannon
- Bioinformatics Core, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Bioinformatics Core, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Jiajia Han
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Keji Zhao
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892;
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Human gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT); diversity, structure, and function. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:793-802. [PMID: 33753873 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) are the key antigen sampling and adaptive immune inductive sites within the intestinal wall. Human GALT includes the multi-follicular Peyer's patches of the ileum, the vermiform appendix, and the numerous isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF) which are distributed along the length of the intestine. Our current understanding of GALT diversity and function derives primarily from studies in mice, and the relevance of many of these findings to human GALT remains unclear. Here we review our current understanding of human GALT diversity, structure, and composition as well as their potential for regulating intestinal immune responses during homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Finally, we outline some key remaining questions regarding human GALT, the answers to which will advance our understanding of intestinal immune responses and provide potential opportunities to improve the treatment of intestinal diseases.
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Kinker GS, Vitiello GAF, Ferreira WAS, Chaves AS, Cordeiro de Lima VC, Medina TDS. B Cell Orchestration of Anti-tumor Immune Responses: A Matter of Cell Localization and Communication. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:678127. [PMID: 34164398 PMCID: PMC8215448 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a crucial role in cancer development either by fostering tumor growth or destroying tumor cells, which has open new avenues for cancer immunotherapy. It was only over the last decade that the role of B cells in controlling anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor milieu has begun to be appreciated. B and plasma cells can exert anti-tumor effects through antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) and activation of the complement cascade, even though their effector functions extend beyond the classical humoral immunity. In tumor tissues, B cells can be found in lymphoid aggregates, known as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), well-organized non-encapsulated structures composed of immune and stromal cells. These structures reflect a process of lymphoid neogenesis occurring in peripheral tissues upon long-lasting exposure to inflammatory signals. The TLS provides an area of intense B cell antigen presentation that can lead to optimal T cell activation and effector functions, as well as the generation of effector B cells, which can be further differentiated in either antibody-secreting plasma cells or memory B cells. Of clinical interest, the crosstalk between B cells and antigen-experienced and exhausted CD8+ T cells within mature TLS was recently associated with improved response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in melanoma, sarcoma and lung cancer. Otherwise, B cells sparsely distributed in the tumor microenvironment or organized in immature TLSs were found to exert immune-regulatory functions, inhibiting anti-tumor immunity through the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Such phenotype might arise when B cells interact with malignant cells rather than T and dendritic cells. Differences in the spatial distribution likely underlie discrepancies between the role of B cells inferred from human samples or mouse models. Many fast-growing orthotopic tumors develop a malignant cell-rich bulk with reduced stroma and are devoid of TLSs, which highlights the importance of carefully selecting pre-clinical models. In summary, strategies that promote TLS formation in close proximity to tumor cells are likely to favor immunotherapy responses. Here, the cellular and molecular programs coordinating B cell development, activation and organization within TLSs will be reviewed, focusing on their translational relevance to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Sarti Kinker
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauco Akelinghton Freire Vitiello
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tissue Culture and Cytogenetics, Environment Section (SAMAM), Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Silva Chaves
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago da Silva Medina
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo, Brazil
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38
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Wagner C, Torow N, Hornef MW, Lelouard H. Spatial and temporal key steps in early-life intestinal immune system development and education. FEBS J 2021; 289:4731-4757. [PMID: 34076962 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Education of our intestinal immune system early in life strongly influences adult health. This education strongly relies on series of events that must occur in well-defined time windows. From initial colonization by maternal-derived microbiota during delivery to dietary changes from mother's milk to solid foods at weaning, these early-life events have indeed long-standing consequences on our immunity, facilitating tolerance to environmental exposures or, on the contrary, increasing the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases such as allergies, asthma, obesity, and inflammatory bowel diseases. In this review, we provide an outline of the recent advances in our understanding of these events and how they are mechanistically related to intestinal immunity development and education. First, we review the susceptibility of neonates to infections and inflammatory diseases, related to their immune system and microbiota changes. Then, we highlight the maternal factors involved in protection and education of the mucosal immune system of the offspring, the role of the microbiota, and the nature of neonatal immune system until weaning. We also present how the development of some immune responses is intertwined in temporal and spatial windows of opportunity. Finally, we discuss pending questions regarding the neonate particular immune status and the activation of the intestinal immune system at weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Wagner
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Natalia Torow
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mathias W Hornef
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
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39
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Structure and Immune Function of Afferent Lymphatics and Their Mechanistic Contribution to Dendritic Cell and T Cell Trafficking. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051269. [PMID: 34065513 PMCID: PMC8161367 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Afferent lymphatic vessels (LVs) mediate the transport of antigen and leukocytes to draining lymph nodes (dLNs), thereby serving as immunologic communication highways between peripheral tissues and LNs. The main cell types migrating via this route are antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) and antigen-experienced T cells. While DC migration is important for maintenance of tolerance and for induction of protective immunity, T cell migration through afferent LVs contributes to immune surveillance. In recent years, great progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms of lymphatic migration. Specifically, time-lapse imaging has revealed that, upon entry into capillaries, both DCs and T cells are not simply flushed away with the lymph flow, but actively crawl and patrol and even interact with each other in this compartment. Detachment and passive transport to the dLN only takes place once the cells have reached the downstream, contracting collecting vessel segments. In this review, we describe how the anatomy of the lymphatic network supports leukocyte trafficking and provide updated knowledge regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for lymphatic migration of DCs and T cells. In addition, we discuss the relevance of DC and T cell migration through afferent LVs and its presumed implications on immunity.
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40
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Salvatore D, Santoro M, Schlumberger M. The importance of the RET gene in thyroid cancer and therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:296-306. [PMID: 33603219 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase in 1985, alterations of this protein have been found in diverse thyroid cancer subtypes. RET gene rearrangements are observed in papillary thyroid carcinoma, which result in RET fusion products. By contrast, single amino acid substitutions and small insertions and/or deletions are typical of hereditary and sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. RET rearrangements and mutations of extracellular cysteines facilitate dimerization and kinase activation, whereas mutations in the RET kinase coding domain drive dimerization-independent kinase activation. Thus, RET kinase inhibition is an attractive therapeutic target in patients with RET alterations. This approach was initially achieved using multikinase inhibitors, which affect multiple deregulated pathways that include RET kinase. In clinical practice, use of multikinase inhibitors in patients with advanced thyroid cancer resulted in therapeutic efficacy, which was associated with frequent and sometimes severe adverse effects. However, remarkable progress has been achieved with the identification of novel potent and selective RET kinase inhibitors for the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer. Although expanded clinical validation in future trials is needed, the sustained antitumoural activity and the improved safety profile of these novel compounds is opening a new exciting era in precision oncology for RET-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Salvatore
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Santoro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Martin Schlumberger
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Cancérologie Endocrinienne, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
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41
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Holland AM, Bon-Frauches AC, Keszthelyi D, Melotte V, Boesmans W. The enteric nervous system in gastrointestinal disease etiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4713-4733. [PMID: 33770200 PMCID: PMC8195951 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A highly conserved but convoluted network of neurons and glial cells, the enteric nervous system (ENS), is positioned along the wall of the gut to coordinate digestive processes and gastrointestinal homeostasis. Because ENS components are in charge of the autonomous regulation of gut function, it is inevitable that their dysfunction is central to the pathophysiology and symptom generation of gastrointestinal disease. While for neurodevelopmental disorders such as Hirschsprung, ENS pathogenesis appears to be clear-cut, the role for impaired ENS activity in the etiology of other gastrointestinal disorders is less established and is often deemed secondary to other insults like intestinal inflammation. However, mounting experimental evidence in recent years indicates that gastrointestinal homeostasis hinges on multifaceted connections between the ENS, and other cellular networks such as the intestinal epithelium, the immune system, and the intestinal microbiome. Derangement of these interactions could underlie gastrointestinal disease onset and elicit variable degrees of abnormal gut function, pinpointing, perhaps unexpectedly, the ENS as a diligent participant in idiopathic but also in inflammatory and cancerous diseases of the gut. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence on the role of the ENS in the pathogenesis of enteric neuropathies, disorders of gut-brain interaction, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Marie Holland
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ana Carina Bon-Frauches
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Keszthelyi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, NUTRIM-School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle Melotte
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Werend Boesmans
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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The OSMR Gene Is Involved in Hirschsprung Associated Enterocolitis Susceptibility through an Altered Downstream Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083831. [PMID: 33917126 PMCID: PMC8067804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung (HSCR) Associated Enterocolitis (HAEC) is a common life-threatening complication in HSCR. HAEC is suggested to be due to a loss of gut homeostasis caused by impairment of immune system, barrier defense, and microbiome, likely related to genetic causes. No gene has been claimed to contribute to HAEC occurrence, yet. Genetic investigation of HAEC by Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) on 24 HSCR patients affected (HAEC) or not affected (HSCR-only) by enterocolitis and replication of results on a larger panel of patients allowed the identification of the HAEC susceptibility variant p.H187Q in the Oncostatin-M receptor (OSMR) gene (14.6% in HAEC and 5.1% in HSCR-only, p = 0.0024). Proteomic analysis on the lymphoblastoid cell lines from one HAEC patient homozygote for this variant and one HAEC patient not carrying the variant revealed two well distinct clusters of proteins significantly up or downregulated upon OSM stimulation. A marked enrichment in immune response pathways (q < 0.0001) was shown in the HAEC H187 cell line, while proteins upregulated in the HAEC Q187 lymphoblasts sustained pathways likely involved in pathogen infection and inflammation. In conclusion, OSMR p.H187Q is an HAEC susceptibility variant and perturbates the downstream signaling cascade necessary for the gut immune response and homeostasis maintenance.
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van de Pavert SA. Lymphoid Tissue inducer (LTi) cell ontogeny and functioning in embryo and adult. Biomed J 2021; 44:123-132. [PMID: 33849806 PMCID: PMC8178546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC) are involved in homeostasis and immunity. Their dynamic differentiation and characterization depend on their tissue of residency and is adapted to their role within these tissues. Lymphoid Tissue inducer (LTi) cells are an ILC member and essential for embryonic lymph node (LN) formation. LNs are formed at pre-defined and strategic positions throughout the body and how LTi cells are initially attracted towards these areas is under debate. Besides their role in LN formation, LTi-like and the closely related ILC type 3 (ILC3) cells have been observed within the embryonic gut. New studies have now shown more information on their origin and differentiation within the embryo. This review will evaluate the embryonic LTi cell origin from a specific embryonic hemogenic wave, which has recently been described in mouse. Moreover, I will discuss their differentiation and similarities with the closely related ILC3 cells in embryo and adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge A van de Pavert
- Aix-Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France.
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44
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Prados A, Onder L, Cheng HW, Mörbe U, Lütge M, Gil-Cruz C, Perez-Shibayama C, Koliaraki V, Ludewig B, Kollias G. Fibroblastic reticular cell lineage convergence in Peyer's patches governs intestinal immunity. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:510-519. [PMID: 33707780 PMCID: PMC7610542 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) determine the organization of lymphoid organs and control immune cell interactions. While the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying FRC differentiation in lymph nodes and the splenic white pulp have been elaborated to some extent, in Peyer's patches (PPs) they remain elusive. Using a combination of single-cell transcriptomics and cell fate mapping in advanced mouse models, we found that PP formation in the mouse embryo is initiated by an expansion of perivascular FRC precursors, followed by FRC differentiation from subepithelial progenitors. Single-cell transcriptomics and cell fate mapping confirmed the convergence of perivascular and subepithelial FRC lineages. Furthermore, lineage-specific loss- and gain-of-function approaches revealed that the two FRC lineages synergistically direct PP organization, maintain intestinal microbiome homeostasis and control anticoronavirus immune responses in the gut. Collectively, this study reveals a distinct mosaic patterning program that generates key stromal cell infrastructures for the control of intestinal immunity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Communication
- Cell Lineage
- Cells, Cultured
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Coronavirus Infections/metabolism
- Coronavirus Infections/virology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibroblasts/immunology
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology
- Intestinal Mucosa/virology
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/microbiology
- Intestine, Small/virology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Murine hepatitis virus/immunology
- Murine hepatitis virus/pathogenicity
- Peyer's Patches/immunology
- Peyer's Patches/metabolism
- Peyer's Patches/microbiology
- Peyer's Patches/virology
- Phenotype
- Single-Cell Analysis
- Transcriptome
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Prados
- Institute for Bioinnovation, BSRC "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Lucas Onder
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Hung-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Urs Mörbe
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Mechthild Lütge
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Gil-Cruz
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland.
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Bioinnovation, BSRC "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece.
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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45
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Distinct Waves from the Hemogenic Endothelium Give Rise to Layered Lymphoid Tissue Inducer Cell Ontogeny. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108004. [PMID: 32783932 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryogenesis, lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells are essential for lymph node organogenesis. These cells are part of the innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family. Although their earliest embryonic hematopoietic origin is unclear, other innate immune cells have been shown to be derived from early hemogenic endothelium in the yolk sac as well as the aorta-gonad-mesonephros. A proper model to discriminate between these locations was unavailable. In this study, using a Cxcr4-CreERT2 lineage tracing model, we identify a major contribution from embryonic hemogenic endothelium, but not the yolk sac, toward LTi progenitors. Conversely, embryonic LTi cells are replaced by hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells in adults. We further show that, in the fetal liver, common lymphoid progenitors differentiate into highly dynamic alpha-lymphoid precursor cells that, at this embryonic stage, preferentially mature into LTi precursors and establish their functional LTi cell identity only after reaching the periphery.
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46
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CD112 Regulates Angiogenesis and T Cell Entry into the Spleen. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010169. [PMID: 33467729 PMCID: PMC7830896 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Junctional adhesion proteins play important roles in controlling angiogenesis, vascular permeability and leukocyte trafficking. CD112 (nectin-2) belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and was shown to engage in homophilic and heterophilic interactions with a variety of binding partners expressed on endothelial cells and on leukocytes. Recent in vitro studies suggested that CD112 regulates human endothelial cell migration and proliferation as well as transendothelial migration of leukocytes. However, so far, the role of CD112 in endothelial cell biology and in leukocyte trafficking has not been elucidated in vivo. We found CD112 to be expressed by lymphatic and blood endothelial cells in different murine tissues. In CD112-deficient mice, the blood vessel coverage in the retina and spleen was significantly enhanced. In functional in vitro studies, a blockade of CD112 modulated endothelial cell migration and significantly enhanced endothelial tube formation. An antibody-based blockade of CD112 also significantly reduced T cell transmigration across endothelial monolayers in vitro. Moreover, T cell homing to the spleen was significantly reduced in CD112-deficient mice. Overall, our results identify CD112 as a regulator of angiogenic processes in vivo and demonstrate a novel role for CD112 in T cell entry into the spleen.
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47
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Fawkner-Corbett D, Antanaviciute A, Parikh K, Jagielowicz M, Gerós AS, Gupta T, Ashley N, Khamis D, Fowler D, Morrissey E, Cunningham C, Johnson PRV, Koohy H, Simmons A. Spatiotemporal analysis of human intestinal development at single-cell resolution. Cell 2021; 184:810-826.e23. [PMID: 33406409 PMCID: PMC7864098 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Development of the human intestine is not well understood. Here, we link single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to characterize intestinal morphogenesis through time. We identify 101 cell states including epithelial and mesenchymal progenitor populations and programs linked to key morphogenetic milestones. We describe principles of crypt-villus axis formation; neural, vascular, mesenchymal morphogenesis, and immune population of the developing gut. We identify the differentiation hierarchies of developing fibroblast and myofibroblast subtypes and describe diverse functions for these including as vascular niche cells. We pinpoint the origins of Peyer’s patches and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and describe location-specific immune programs. We use our resource to present an unbiased analysis of morphogen gradients that direct sequential waves of cellular differentiation and define cells and locations linked to rare developmental intestinal disorders. We compile a publicly available online resource, spatio-temporal analysis resource of fetal intestinal development (STAR-FINDer), to facilitate further work. Multimodal atlas of human intestinal development maps 101 cell types onto tissue Charts developmental origins of diverse cellular compartments and their progenitors Functional diversity of fibroblasts in stem cell, vasculature, and GALT formation Resource applied to interrogate pathology of in utero intestinal diseases
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fawkner-Corbett
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Academic Paediatric Surgery Unit (APSU), Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Agne Antanaviciute
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC WIMM Centre For Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Kaushal Parikh
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Marta Jagielowicz
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Ana Sousa Gerós
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Tarun Gupta
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Neil Ashley
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Doran Khamis
- MRC WIMM Centre For Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Darren Fowler
- Paediatric Pathology, Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Edward Morrissey
- MRC WIMM Centre For Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Chris Cunningham
- Colorectal Surgery Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Paul R V Johnson
- Academic Paediatric Surgery Unit (APSU), Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Hashem Koohy
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC WIMM Centre For Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Alison Simmons
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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48
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Jia X, Berta G, Gábris F, Kellermayer Z, Balogh P. Role of adipose-associated lymphoid tissues in the immunological homeostasis of the serosal surface. Immunol Lett 2020; 228:135-141. [PMID: 33166529 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although not typical lymphoid organs, analysis of the visceral adipose-associated lymphoid tissues has recently substantially expanded our knowledge about the immunological features of these elusive compartments. Recent data have highlighted their considerable complexity in cellular organization and interactions in several biological processes, including adaptive immune responses, tissue plasticity to accommodate mesenchymal stem cells and progenitors, and providing a suitable microenvironment for serosal tumor propagation. This review aims to present a comprehensive view of the adipose-associated lymphoid tissues in local and systemic immune responsiveness, with particular emphasis on the omental and mesenteric lymphoid tissues in the serosal defense of abdominal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkai Jia
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Fanni Gábris
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Hungary.
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49
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Connolly E, Morgan DJ, Franklin M, Simpson A, Shah R, Brand OJ, Jagger CP, Casulli J, Mohamed K, Grabiec AM, Hussell T. Neurturin regulates the lung-resident macrophage inflammatory response to viral infection. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/12/e202000780. [PMID: 33020210 PMCID: PMC7556752 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophic factor RET is induced in lung macrophages by viral triggers and activation via its ligand neurturin regulates matrix proteins and cytokines that shape the inflammatory response. Lung-resident macrophages are crucial to the maintenance of health and in the defence against lower respiratory tract infections. Macrophages adapt to local environmental cues that drive their appropriate function; however, this is often dysregulated in many inflammatory lung pathologies. In mucosal tissues, neuro-immune interactions enable quick and efficient inflammatory responses to pathogenic threats. Although a number of factors that influence the antimicrobial response of lung macrophages are known, the role of neuronal factors is less well understood. Here, we show an intricate circuit involving the neurotrophic factor, neurturin (NRTN) on human lung macrophages that dampens pro-inflammatory cytokine release and modulates the type of matrix metalloproteinases produced in response to viral stimuli. This circuit involves type 1 interferon–induced up-regulation of RET that when combined with the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor α2 (GFRα2) allows binding to epithelial-derived NRTN. Our research highlights a non-neuronal immunomodulatory role for NRTN and a novel process leading to a specific antimicrobial immune response by human lung-resident macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Connolly
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David J Morgan
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Miriam Franklin
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela Simpson
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rajesh Shah
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Oliver J Brand
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher P Jagger
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joshua Casulli
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Karishma Mohamed
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Aleksander M Grabiec
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tracy Hussell
- The Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK .,Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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50
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Zhou W, Sonnenberg GF. Activation and Suppression of Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Gut. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:721-733. [PMID: 32646594 PMCID: PMC7395873 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have emerged as master regulators of intestinal health and tissue homeostasis in mammals. Through a diverse array of cytokines and cellular interactions, ILC3s crucially orchestrate lymphoid organogenesis, promote tissue protection or regeneration, facilitate antimicrobial responses, and directly regulate adaptive immunity. Further, translational studies have found that ILC3 responses are altered in the intestine of defined patient populations with chronic infectious, inflammatory, or metabolic diseases. Therefore, it is essential to broadly understand the signals that activate, suppress, or fine-tune ILC3s in the gut. Here, we discuss recent exciting advances in this field, integrate them into our current understanding of ILC3 biology, and highlight fundamental gaps in knowledge that require additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Zhou
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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