1
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Xu L, Tan C, Barr J, Talaba N, Verheyden J, Chin JS, Gaboyan S, Kasaraneni N, Elgamal RM, Gaulton KJ, Lin G, Afshar K, Golts E, Meier A, Alexander LEC, Borok Z, Shen Y, Chung WK, McCulley DJ, Sun X. Context-dependent roles of mitochondrial LONP1 in orchestrating the balance between airway progenitor versus progeny cells. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:1465-1483.e6. [PMID: 39181129 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
While all eukaryotic cells are dependent on mitochondria for function, in a complex tissue, which cell type and which cell behavior are more sensitive to mitochondrial deficiency remain unpredictable. Here, we show that in the mouse airway, compromising mitochondrial function by inactivating mitochondrial protease gene Lonp1 led to reduced progenitor proliferation and differentiation during development, apoptosis of terminally differentiated ciliated cells and their replacement by basal progenitors and goblet cells during homeostasis, and failed airway progenitor migration into damaged alveoli following influenza infection. ATF4 and the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway are elevated and responsible for the airway phenotypes. Such context-dependent sensitivities are predicted by the selective expression of Bok, which is required for ISR activation. Reduced LONP1 expression is found in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) airways with squamous metaplasia. These findings illustrate a cellular energy landscape whereby compromised mitochondrial function could favor the emergence of pathological cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chunting Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Justinn Barr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicole Talaba
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jamie Verheyden
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ji Sun Chin
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Samvel Gaboyan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nikita Kasaraneni
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruth M Elgamal
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Grace Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kamyar Afshar
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eugene Golts
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Angela Meier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura E Crotty Alexander
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zea Borok
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; JP Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David J McCulley
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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2
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Wang J, Peng X, Yuan N, Wang B, Chen S, Wang B, Xie L. Interplay between pulmonary epithelial stem cells and innate immune cells contribute to the repair and regeneration of ALI/ARDS. Transl Res 2024; 272:111-125. [PMID: 38897427 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian lung is the important organ for ventilation and exchange of air and blood. Fresh air and venous blood are constantly delivered through the airway and vascular tree to the alveolus. Based on this, the airways and alveolis are persistently exposed to the external environment and are easily suffered from toxins, irritants and pathogens. For example, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a common cause of respiratory failure in critical patients, whose typical pathological characters are diffuse epithelial and endothelial damage resulting in excessive accumulation of inflammatory fluid in the alveolar cavity. The supportive treatment is the main current treatment for ALI/ARDS with the lack of targeted effective treatment strategies. However, ALI/ARDS needs more targeted treatment measures. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that maintain alveolar epithelial barrier and airway integrity. Previous researches have shown that the lung epithelial cells with tissue stem cell function have the ability to repair and regenerate after injury. Also, it is able to regulate the phenotype and function of innate immune cells involving in regeneration of tissue repair. Meanwhile, we emphasize that interaction between the lung epithelial cells and innate immune cells is more supportive to repair and regenerate in the lung epithelium following acute lung injury. We reviewed the recent advances in injury and repair of lung epithelial stem cells and innate immune cells in ALI/ARDS, concentrating on alveolar type 2 cells and alveolar macrophages and their contribution to post-injury repair behavior of ALI/ARDS through the latest potential molecular communication mechanisms. This will help to develop new research strategies and therapeutic targets for ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wang
- College of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xinyue Peng
- Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Lixin Xie
- College of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
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3
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Lin X, Chen W, Yang G, Zhang J, Wang H, Liu Z, Xi Y, Ren T, Liu B, Sui P. Viral infection induces inflammatory signals that coordinate YAP regulation of dysplastic cells in lung alveoli. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e176828. [PMID: 39352385 PMCID: PMC11444164 DOI: 10.1172/jci176828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe viral pneumonia can induce rapid expansion of KRT5+ basal-like cells in small airways and alveoli; this forms a scar-like structure that persists in the injured alveoli and impedes normal alveolar epithelium regeneration. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which viral infection induced this remodeling response. Through comparing different lung-injury models, we demonstrated that infection induced strong IFN-γ signal-stimulated dysplastic KRT5+ cell formation. Inactivation of interferon receptor 1 (Ifngr1) reduced dysplastic cell formation, ameliorated lung fibrosis, and improved lung-function recovery. Mechanistically, IFN-γ regulated dysplastic cell formation via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway. Inhibiting FAK/Src diminished IFN-γ-induced YAP nuclear translocation and dysplastic cell formation. Inhibiting YAP during viral infection prevented dysplastic cell formation, whereas inhibiting YAP in persistent KRT5+ cells led to their conversion into distal club cells. Importantly, human dysplastic cells exhibited elevated FAK and YAP activity, and IFN-γ treatment promoted the transformation of human alveolar progenitor cells into dysplastic cells. These findings uncover the role of infection-induced inflammatory response in alveolar remodeling and may provide potential therapeutic avenues for the treatment of alveolar remodeling in patients with severe viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Weicheng Chen
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Jiazhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xi
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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4
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Hiller BE, Mizgerd JP. IFN-γ and YAP lead epithelial cells astray after severe respiratory infection. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e185072. [PMID: 39352386 PMCID: PMC11444161 DOI: 10.1172/jci185072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ineffective recovery from pneumonia can lead to interstitial lung disease characterized by aberrant epithelial cells in fibrotic regions. In this issue of the JCI, Lin et al. define molecular pathways leading to the development and persistence of keratin 5+ (Krt5+) epithelial cells in the alveolar parenchyma when mice struggle to recover from influenza infection. The receptor for IFN-γ on lung epithelium was essential for the formation of aberrant Krt5+ cells and fibrotic lung disease. The transcription factor Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) was necessary for persistence of these Krt5+ cells, and IFN-γ activated YAP in lung epithelial cells via JAK, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and Src kinases. These findings establish a targetable pathway underlying some of the pulmonary postacute sequelae of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph P Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, and
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Shen S, Wang P, Wu P, Huang P, Chi T, Xu W, Xi Y. CasRx-based Wnt activation promotes alveolar regeneration while ameliorating pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model of lung injury. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00593-8. [PMID: 39245939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is an attractive target for regenerative medicine. A powerful driver of stem cell activity and hence tissue regeneration, Wnt signaling can promote fibroblast proliferation and activation, leading to fibrosis, while prolonged Wnt signaling is potentially carcinogenic. Thus, to harness its therapeutic potential, the activation of Wnt signaling must be transient, reversible, and tissue specific. In the lung, Wnt signaling is essential for alveolar stem cell activity and alveolar regeneration, which is impaired in lung fibrosis. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung epithelium may have anti-fibrotic effects. Here, we used intratracheal adeno-associated virus 6 injection to selectively deliver CasRx into the lung epithelium, where it reversibly activates Wnt signaling by simultaneously degrading mRNAs encoding Axin1 and Axin2, negative regulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Interestingly, CasRx-mediated Wnt activation specifically in lung epithelium not only promotes alveolar type II cell proliferation and alveolar regeneration but also inhibits lung fibrosis resulted from bleomycin-induced injury, relevant in both preventive and therapeutic settings. Our study offers an attractive strategy for treating pulmonary fibrosis, with general implications for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxi Shen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Pei Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Pengyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Tian Chi
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Wenqing Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ying Xi
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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6
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Lv Z, Liu Z, Liu K, Lin X, Pu W, Li Y, Zhao H, Xi Y, Sui P, Vaughan AE, Gillich A, Zhou B. Alveolar regeneration by airway secretory-cell-derived p63 + progenitors. Cell Stem Cell 2024:S1934-5909(24)00291-1. [PMID: 39232560 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Lung injury activates epithelial stem or progenitor cells for alveolar repair and regeneration. Unraveling the origin and fate of injury-induced progenitors is crucial for elucidating lung repair mechanisms. Here, we report that p63-expressing progenitors emerge upon bleomycin-induced mouse lung injury. Single-cell RNA sequencing and clonal analysis reveal that these p63+ progenitors proliferate rapidly and differentiate into alveolar type 1 and type 2 cells through different trajectories. Dual recombinase-mediated sequential genetic-lineage tracing demonstrates that p63+ progenitors originate from airway secretory cells and subsequently generate alveolar cells. Functionally, p63 activation is essential for efficient alveolar regeneration from secretory cells post injury. Our study identifies secretory-cell-derived p63+ progenitors as contributors to alveolar repair, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue for lung regeneration following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Lv
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xiuyu Lin
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wenjuan Pu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Xi
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Pengfei Sui
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Astrid Gillich
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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7
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Cai XT, Jia M, Heigl T, Shamir ER, Wong AK, Hall BM, Arlantico A, Hung J, Menon HG, Darmanis S, Brightbill HD, Garfield DA, Rock JR. IL-4-induced SOX9 confers lineage plasticity to aged adult lung stem cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114569. [PMID: 39088319 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing in response to acute injury is mediated by the coordinated and transient activation of parenchymal, stromal, and immune cells that resolves to homeostasis. Environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors associated with inflammation and aging can lead to persistent activation of the microenvironment and fibrosis. Here, we identify opposing roles of interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokine signaling in interstitial macrophages and type II alveolar epithelial cells (ATIIs). We show that IL4Ra signaling in macrophages promotes regeneration of the alveolar epithelium after bleomycin-induced lung injury. Using organoids and mouse models, we show that IL-4 directly acts on a subset of ATIIs to induce the expression of the transcription factor SOX9 and reprograms them toward a progenitor-like state with both airway and alveolar lineage potential. In the contexts of aging and bleomycin-induced lung injury, this leads to aberrant epithelial cell differentiation and bronchiolization, consistent with cellular and histological changes observed in interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu T Cai
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Minxue Jia
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Joint Carnegie Mellon University-University of Pittsburgh Ph.D. Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tobias Heigl
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Eliah R Shamir
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Aaron K Wong
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ben M Hall
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Alexander Arlantico
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hung
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hari G Menon
- Department of Next Generation Sequencing and Microchemistry, Proteomics, and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Spyros Darmanis
- Department of Next Generation Sequencing and Microchemistry, Proteomics, and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hans D Brightbill
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - David A Garfield
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jason R Rock
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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8
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Adegunsoye A, Kropski JA, Behr J, Blackwell TS, Corte TJ, Cottin V, Glanville AR, Glassberg MK, Griese M, Hunninghake GM, Johannson KA, Keane MP, Kim JS, Kolb M, Maher TM, Oldham JM, Podolanczuk AJ, Rosas IO, Martinez FJ, Noth I, Schwartz DA. Genetics and Genomics of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Charting the Molecular Landscape and Shaping Precision Medicine. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 210:401-423. [PMID: 38573068 PMCID: PMC11351799 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202401-0238so] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic and genomic advancements have elucidated the complex etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and other progressive fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), emphasizing the contribution of heritable factors. This state-of-the-art review synthesizes evidence on significant genetic contributors to pulmonary fibrosis (PF), including rare genetic variants and common SNPs. The MUC5B promoter variant is unusual, a common SNP that markedly elevates the risk of early and established PF. We address the utility of genetic variation in enhancing understanding of disease pathogenesis and clinical phenotypes, improving disease definitions, and informing prognosis and treatment response. Critical research gaps are highlighted, particularly the underrepresentation of non-European ancestries in PF genetic studies and the exploration of PF phenotypes beyond usual interstitial pneumonia/IPF. We discuss the role of telomere length, often critically short in PF, and its link to progression and mortality, underscoring the genetic complexity involving telomere biology genes (TERT, TERC) and others like SFTPC and MUC5B. In addition, we address the potential of gene-by-environment interactions to modulate disease manifestation, advocating for precision medicine in PF. Insights from gene expression profiling studies and multiomic analyses highlight the promise for understanding disease pathogenesis and offer new approaches to clinical care, therapeutic drug development, and biomarker discovery. Finally, we discuss the ethical, legal, and social implications of genomic research and therapies in PF, stressing the need for sound practices and informed clinical genetic discussions. Looking forward, we advocate for comprehensive genetic testing panels and polygenic risk scores to improve the management of PF and related ILDs across diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Adegunsoye
- Pulmonary/Critical Care, and
- Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan A. Kropski
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Juergen Behr
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Timothy S. Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tamera J. Corte
- Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vincent Cottin
- National Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases (OrphaLung), Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Lyon, France
- Claude Bernard University Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Allan R. Glanville
- Lung Transplant Unit, St. Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marilyn K. Glassberg
- Department of Medicine, Loyola Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthias Griese
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Gary M. Hunninghake
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Michael P. Keane
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent’s University Hospital and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John S. Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, and
| | - Martin Kolb
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Toby M. Maher
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Justin M. Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Fernando J. Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - Imre Noth
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - David A. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
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9
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Zhao G, Gentile ME, Xue L, Cosgriff CV, Weiner AI, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Li X, Kass-Gergi S, Holcomb NP, Basal MC, Stewart KM, Planer JD, Cantu E, Christie JD, Crespo MM, Mitchell MJ, Meyer NJ, Vaughan AE. Vascular endothelial-derived SPARCL1 exacerbates viral pneumonia through pro-inflammatory macrophage activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4235. [PMID: 38762489 PMCID: PMC11102455 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation induced by lung infection is a double-edged sword, moderating both anti-viral and immune pathogenesis effects; the mechanism of the latter is not fully understood. Previous studies suggest the vasculature is involved in tissue injury. Here, we report that expression of Sparcl1, a secreted matricellular protein, is upregulated in pulmonary capillary endothelial cells (EC) during influenza-induced lung injury. Endothelial overexpression of SPARCL1 promotes detrimental lung inflammation, with SPARCL1 inducing 'M1-like' macrophages and related pro-inflammatory cytokines, while SPARCL1 deletion alleviates these effects. Mechanistically, SPARCL1 functions through TLR4 on macrophages in vitro, while TLR4 inhibition in vivo ameliorates excessive inflammation caused by endothelial Sparcl1 overexpression. Finally, SPARCL1 expression is increased in lung ECs from COVID-19 patients when compared with healthy donors, while fatal COVID-19 correlates with higher circulating SPARCL1 protein levels in the plasma. Our results thus implicate SPARCL1 as a potential prognosis biomarker for deadly COVID-19 pneumonia and as a therapeutic target for taming hyperinflammation in pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Maria E Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christopher V Cosgriff
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Aaron I Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Stephanie Adams-Tzivelekidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Wong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sara Kass-Gergi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicolas P Holcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basal
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen M Stewart
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joseph D Planer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason D Christie
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria M Crespo
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nuala J Meyer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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10
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Chen YY, Wang M, Zuo CY, Mao MX, Peng XC, Cai J. Nrf-2 as a novel target in radiation induced lung injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29492. [PMID: 38665580 PMCID: PMC11043957 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common and fatal complication of chest radiotherapy. The underlying mechanisms include radiation-induced oxidative stress caused by damage to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in apoptosis of lung and endothelial cells and recruitment of inflammatory cells and myofibroblasts expressing NADPH oxidase to the site of injury, which in turn contribute to oxidative stress and cytokine production. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) is a vital transcription factor that regulates oxidative stress and inhibits inflammation. Studies have shown that Nrf-2 protects against radiation-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. This review discusses the protective role of Nrf-2 in RILI and its possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
| | - Chen-Yang Zuo
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
| | - Meng-Xia Mao
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
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11
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Wang Y, Wang L, Ma S, Cheng L, Yu G. Repair and regeneration of the alveolar epithelium in lung injury. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23612. [PMID: 38648494 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400088r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Considerable progress has been made in understanding the function of alveolar epithelial cells in a quiescent state and regeneration mechanism after lung injury. Lung injury occurs commonly from severe viral and bacterial infections, inhalation lung injury, and indirect injury sepsis. A series of pathological mechanisms caused by excessive injury, such as apoptosis, autophagy, senescence, and ferroptosis, have been studied. Recovery from lung injury requires the integrity of the alveolar epithelial cell barrier and the realization of gas exchange function. Regeneration mechanisms include the participation of epithelial progenitor cells and various niche cells involving several signaling pathways and proteins. While alveoli are damaged, alveolar type II (AT2) cells proliferate and differentiate into alveolar type I (AT1) cells to repair the damaged alveolar epithelial layer. Alveolar epithelial cells are surrounded by various cells, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and various immune cells, which affect the proliferation and differentiation of AT2 cells through paracrine during alveolar regeneration. Besides, airway epithelial cells also contribute to the repair and regeneration process of alveolar epithelium. In this review, we mainly discuss the participation of epithelial progenitor cells and various niche cells involving several signaling pathways and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, Pingyuan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, Pingyuan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuaichen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, Pingyuan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lianhui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, Pingyuan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, Pingyuan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang, China
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12
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Warren R, Klinkhammer K, Lyu H, Yao C, Stripp B, De Langhe SP. Cell competition drives bronchiolization and pulmonary fibrosis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4177351. [PMID: 38746309 PMCID: PMC11092845 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4177351/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive scarring disease arising from the maladaptive differentiation of lung stem cells into bronchial epithelial cells rather than into alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells, which are responsible for gas exchange. Here, we report that healthy lungs maintain their stem cells through tonic Hippo and β-catenin signaling, which promote Yap/Taz degradation and allow for low level expression of the Wnt target gene Myc. Inactivation of upstream activators of the Hippo pathway in lung stem cells inhibits this tonic β-catenin signaling and Myc expression and promotes their Taz mediated differentiation into AT1 cells. Vice versa, increased Myc in collaboration with Yap promotes the differentiation of lung stem cells along the basal and myoepithelial like lineages allowing them to invade and bronchiolize the lung parenchyma in a process reminiscent of submucosal gland development. Our findings indicate that stem cells exhibiting the highest Myc levels become supercompetitors that drive remodeling, whereas loser cells with lower Myc levels terminally differentiate into AT1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Warren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kylie Klinkhammer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Handeng Lyu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Barry Stripp
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Stijn P. De Langhe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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13
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Basil MC, Alysandratos KD, Kotton DN, Morrisey EE. Lung repair and regeneration: Advanced models and insights into human disease. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:439-454. [PMID: 38492572 PMCID: PMC11070171 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The respiratory system acts as both the primary site of gas exchange and an important sensor and barrier to the external environment. The increase in incidences of respiratory disease over the past decades has highlighted the importance of developing improved therapeutic approaches. This review will summarize recent research on the cellular complexity of the mammalian respiratory system with a focus on gas exchange and immunological defense functions of the lung. Different models of repair and regeneration will be discussed to help interpret human and animal data and spur the investigation of models and assays for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Basil
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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14
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Rouhani MJ, Janes SM, Kim CF. Epithelial stem and progenitor cells of the upper airway. Cells Dev 2024; 177:203905. [PMID: 38355015 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2024.203905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The upper airway acts as a conduit for the passage of air to the respiratory system and is implicated in several chronic diseases. Whilst the cell biology of the distal respiratory system has been described in great detail, less is known about the proximal upper airway. In this review, we describe the relevant anatomy of the upper airway and discuss the literature detailing the identification and roles of the progenitor cells of these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral J Rouhani
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carla F Kim
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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15
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Jones DL, Morley MP, Li X, Ying Y, Cardenas-Diaz FL, Li S, Zhou S, Schaefer SE, Chembazhi UV, Nottingham A, Lin S, Cantu E, Diamond JM, Basil MC, Vaughan AE, Morrisey EE. An injury-induced tissue niche shaped by mesenchymal plasticity coordinates the regenerative and disease response in the lung. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.26.582147. [PMID: 38529490 PMCID: PMC10962740 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.582147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Severe lung injury causes basal stem cells to migrate and outcompete alveolar stem cells resulting in dysplastic repair and a loss of gas exchange function. This "stem cell collision" is part of a multistep process that is now revealed to generate an injury-induced tissue niche (iTCH) containing Keratin 5+ epithelial cells and plastic Pdgfra+ mesenchymal cells. Temporal and spatial single cell analysis reveals that iTCHs are governed by mesenchymal proliferation and Notch signaling, which suppresses Wnt and Fgf signaling in iTCHs. Conversely, loss of Notch in iTCHs rewires alveolar signaling patterns to promote euplastic regeneration and gas exchange. The signaling patterns of iTCHs can differentially phenotype fibrotic from degenerative human lung diseases, through apposing flows of FGF and WNT signaling. These data reveal the emergence of an injury and disease associated iTCH in the lung and the ability of using iTCH specific signaling patterns to discriminate human lung disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota L. Jones
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P. Morley
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yun Ying
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabian L. Cardenas-Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shanru Li
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Schaefer
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ullas V. Chembazhi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ana Nottingham
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan Lin
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua M. Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria C. Basil
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew E. Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward E. Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Wang Y, Meng Z, Liu M, Zhou Y, Chen D, Zhao Y, Zhang T, Zhong N, Dai X, Li S, Zuo W. Autologous transplantation of P63 + lung progenitor cells for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease therapy. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadi3360. [PMID: 38354225 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Adult lung resident stem/progenitor cells, including P63+ progenitor cells, have demonstrated the capacity for regeneration of lung epithelium in preclinical models. Here, we report a clinical trial of intrapulmonary P63+ progenitor cell transplantation in 28 participants with stage II to IV chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Autologous P63+ progenitor cells were isolated from the airway basal layer of participants in the intervention group via bronchoscopic brushing, cultured for 3 to 5 weeks, and then transplanted back into the lungs via bronchoscopy at 0.7 × 106 to 5.2 × 106 cells per kilogram of body weight. Twenty patients were evaluable at the end of the study (intervention group, n = 17; control group, n = 3). No grade 3 to 5 adverse events (AEs) or serious AEs occurred. Although bronchoscopy-associated AEs were recorded in participants in the intervention group, other AEs were not substantial different between groups. Twenty-four weeks after transplantation, participants in the intervention group displayed improvement in gas transfer capacity [diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) change from baseline: +18.2%], whereas the control group experienced a decrease (DLCO change from baseline: -17.4%; P = 0.008). Furthermore, participants in the intervention group showed >30-meter increase in walking distance within 6 minutes. Transcriptomic analysis of progenitor cells isolated from responding and nonresponding individuals in the intervention group showed that higher expression of P63 was associated with treatment efficacy. In conclusion, transplantation of cultured P63+ lung progenitor cells was safe and might represent a potential therapeutic strategy for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wang
- Department of Organ Regeneration, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zili Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yueqing Zhou
- Department of Organ Regeneration, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
- Super Organ R&D Center, Regend Therapeutics, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Difei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Organ Regeneration, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Super Organ R&D Center, Regend Therapeutics, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaotian Dai
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of PLA, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Department of Organ Regeneration, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
- Super Organ R&D Center, Regend Therapeutics, Shanghai 201318, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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17
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Meng X, Zhu Y, Yang W, Zhang J, Jin W, Tian R, Yang Z, Wang R. HIF-1α promotes virus replication and cytokine storm in H1N1 virus-induced severe pneumonia through cellular metabolic reprogramming. Virol Sin 2024; 39:81-96. [PMID: 38042371 PMCID: PMC10877445 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality of patients with severe pneumonia caused by H1N1 infection is closely related to viral replication and cytokine storm. However, the specific mechanisms triggering virus replication and cytokine storm are still not fully elucidated. Here, we identified hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) as one of the major host molecules that facilitates H1N1 virus replication followed by cytokine storm in alveolar epithelial cells. Specifically, HIF-1α protein expression is upregulated after H1N1 infection. Deficiency of HIF-1α attenuates pulmonary injury, viral replication and cytokine storm in vivo. In addition, viral replication and cytokine storm were inhibited after HIF-1α knockdown in vitro. Mechanistically, the invasion of H1N1 virus into alveolar epithelial cells leads to a shift in glucose metabolism to glycolysis, with rapid production of ATP and lactate. Inhibition of glycolysis significantly suppresses viral replication and inflammatory responses. Further analysis revealed that H1N1-induced HIF-1α can promote the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2), the key enzyme of glycolysis, and then not only provide energy for the rapid replication of H1N1 virus but also produce lactate, which reduces the accumulation of the MAVS/RIG-I complex and inhibits IFN-α/β production. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the upregulation of HIF-1α by H1N1 infection augments viral replication and cytokine storm by cellular metabolic reprogramming toward glycolysis mainly through upregulation of HK2, providing a theoretical basis for finding potential targets for the treatment of severe pneumonia caused by H1N1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhengfeng Yang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Ruilan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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18
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Chen Y, Li Z, Ji G, Wang S, Mo C, Ding B. Lung regeneration: diverse cell types and the therapeutic potential. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e494. [PMID: 38405059 PMCID: PMC10885188 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung tissue has a certain regenerative ability and triggers repair procedures after injury. Under controllable conditions, lung tissue can restore normal structure and function. Disruptions in this process can lead to respiratory system failure and even death, causing substantial medical burden. The main types of respiratory diseases are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Multiple cells, such as lung epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells, are involved in regulating the repair process after lung injury. Although the mechanism that regulates the process of lung repair has not been fully elucidated, clinical trials targeting different cells and signaling pathways have achieved some therapeutic effects in different respiratory diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the cell type involved in the process of lung regeneration and repair, research models, and summarize molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of lung regeneration and fibrosis. Moreover, we discuss the current clinical trials of stem cell therapy and pharmacological strategies for COPD, IPF, and ARDS treatment. This review provides a reference for further research on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of lung regeneration, drug development, and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhen Li
- The Department of Endovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Gaili Ji
- Department of GynecologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shaochi Wang
- Department of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bi‐Sen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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19
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Güllülü Ö, Mayer BE, Toplek FB. Linking Gene Fusions to Bone Marrow Failure and Malignant Transformation in Dyskeratosis Congenita. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1606. [PMID: 38338888 PMCID: PMC10855549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dyskeratosis Congenita (DC) is a multisystem disorder intrinsically associated with telomere dysfunction, leading to bone marrow failure (BMF). Although the pathology of DC is largely driven by mutations in telomere-associated genes, the implications of gene fusions, which emerge due to telomere-induced genomic instability, remain unexplored. We meticulously analyzed gene fusions in RNA-Seq data from DC patients to provide deeper insights into DC's progression. The most significant DC-specific gene fusions were subsequently put through in silico assessments to ascertain biophysical and structural attributes, including charge patterning, inherent disorder, and propensity for self-association. Selected candidates were then analyzed using deep learning-powered structural predictions and molecular dynamics simulations to gauge their potential for forming higher-order oligomers. Our exploration revealed that genes participating in fusion events play crucial roles in upholding genomic stability, facilitating hematopoiesis, and suppressing tumors. Notably, our analysis spotlighted a particularly disordered polyampholyte fusion protein that exhibits robust higher-order oligomerization dynamics. To conclude, this research underscores the potential significance of several high-confidence gene fusions in the progression of BMF in DC, particularly through the dysregulation of genomic stability, hematopoiesis, and tumor suppression. Additionally, we propose that these fusion proteins might hold a detrimental role, specifically in inducing proteotoxicity-driven hematopoietic disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Güllülü
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Benjamin E. Mayer
- Computational Biology & Simulation, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Fran Bačić Toplek
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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20
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Shiraishi K, Morley MP, Jones DL, Zhao G, Weiner AI, Basil MC, Cantu E, Ferguson LT, Oyster M, Babu A, Ying Y, Zhou S, Li S, Vaughan AE, Morrisey EE. Airway epithelial cell identity and plasticity are constrained by Sox2 during lung homeostasis, tissue regeneration, and in human disease. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:2. [PMID: 38182591 PMCID: PMC10770358 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-023-00344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of the cellular boundary between airway and alveolar compartments during homeostasis and after injury is essential to prohibit pathological plasticity which can reduce respiratory function. Lung injury and disease can induce either functional alveolar epithelial regeneration or dysplastic formation of keratinized epithelium which does not efficiently contribute to gas exchange. Here we show that Sox2 preserves airway cell identity and prevents fate changes into either functional alveolar tissue or pathological keratinization following lung injury. Loss of Sox2 in airway epithelium leads to a loss of airway epithelial identity with a commensurate gain in alveolar and basal cell identity, in part due to activation of Wnt signaling in secretory cells and increased Trp63 expression in intrapulmonary basal-like progenitors. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, loss of SOX2 expression correlates with increased WNT signaling activity in dysplastic keratinized epithelium. SOX2-deficient dysplastic epithelial cells are also observed in COVID-19 damaged lungs. Thus, Sox2 provides a molecular barrier that suppresses airway epithelial plasticity to prevent acquisition of alveolar or basal cell identity after injury and help guide proper epithelial fate and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushige Shiraishi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dakota L Jones
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gan Zhao
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Aaron I Weiner
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basil
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Laura T Ferguson
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michele Oyster
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yun Ying
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shanru Li
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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21
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Wang C, Khatun MS, Zhang Z, Allen MJ, Chen Z, Ellsworth CR, Currey JM, Dai G, Tian D, Bach K, Yin XM, Traina-Dorge V, Rappaport J, Maness NJ, Blair RV, Kolls JK, Pociask DA, Qin X. COVID-19 and influenza infections mediate distinct pulmonary cellular and transcriptomic changes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1265. [PMID: 38092883 PMCID: PMC10719262 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause persistent respiratory sequelae. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we report that sub-lethally infected K18-human ACE2 mice show patchy pneumonia associated with histiocytic inflammation and collagen deposition at 21 and 45 days post infection (DPI). Transcriptomic analyses revealed that compared to influenza-infected mice, SARS-CoV-2-infected mice had reduced interferon-gamma/alpha responses at 4 DPI and failed to induce keratin 5 (Krt5) at 6 DPI in lung, a marker of nascent pulmonary progenitor cells. Histologically, influenza- but not SARS-CoV-2-infected mice showed extensive Krt5+ "pods" structure co-stained with stem cell markers Trp63/NGFR proliferated in the pulmonary consolidation area at both 7 and 14 DPI, with regression at 21 DPI. These Krt5+ "pods" structures were not observed in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected humans or nonhuman primates. These results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection fails to induce nascent Krt5+ cell proliferation in consolidated regions, leading to incomplete repair of the injured lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxiao Wang
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Mst Shamima Khatun
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Michaela J Allen
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Calder R Ellsworth
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Joshua M Currey
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Guixiang Dai
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Di Tian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Konrad Bach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Vicki Traina-Dorge
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jay Rappaport
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Nicholas J Maness
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Robert V Blair
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Derek A Pociask
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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22
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Narasimhan H, Cheon IS, Qian W, Hu S, Parimon T, Li C, Goplen N, Wu Y, Wei X, Son YM, Fink E, Santos G, Tang J, Yao C, Muehling L, Canderan G, Kadl A, Cannon A, Young S, Hannan R, Bingham G, Arish M, Chaudhari AS, Sturek J, Pramoonjago P, Shim YM, Woodfolk J, Zang C, Chen P, Sun J. Proximal immune-epithelial progenitor interactions drive chronic tissue sequelae post COVID-19. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3587418. [PMID: 38077031 PMCID: PMC10705705 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3587418/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The long-term physiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2, termed Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), are rapidly evolving into a major public health concern. The underlying cellular and molecular etiology remain poorly defined but growing evidence links PASC to abnormal immune responses and/or poor organ recovery post-infection. Yet, the precise mechanisms driving non-resolving inflammation and impaired tissue repair in the context of PASC remain unclear. With insights from three independent clinical cohorts of PASC patients with abnormal lung function and/or viral infection-mediated pulmonary fibrosis, we established a clinically relevant mouse model of post-viral lung sequelae to investigate the pathophysiology of respiratory PASC. By employing a combination of spatial transcriptomics and imaging, we identified dysregulated proximal interactions between immune cells and epithelial progenitors unique to the fibroproliferation in respiratory PASC but not acute COVID-19 or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Specifically, we found a central role for lung-resident CD8+ T cell-macrophage interactions in maintaining Krt8hi transitional and ectopic Krt5+ basal cell progenitors, thus impairing alveolar regeneration and driving fibrotic sequelae after acute viral pneumonia. Mechanistically, CD8+ T cell derived IFN-γ and TNF stimulated lung macrophages to chronically release IL-1β, resulting in the abnormal accumulation of dysplastic epithelial progenitors and fibrosis. Notably, therapeutic neutralization of IFN-γ and TNF, or IL-1β after the resolution of acute infection resulted in markedly improved alveolar regeneration and restoration of pulmonary function. Together, our findings implicate a dysregulated immune-epithelial progenitor niche in driving respiratory PASC. Moreover, in contrast to other approaches requiring early intervention, we highlight therapeutic strategies to rescue fibrotic disease in the aftermath of respiratory viral infections, addressing the current unmet need in the clinical management of PASC and post-viral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Narasimhan
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - In Su Cheon
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Wei Qian
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sheng’en Hu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Tanyalak Parimon
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles CA 90048, USA
| | - Chaofan Li
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nick Goplen
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yue Wu
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wei
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Young Min Son
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Elizabeth Fink
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Gislane Santos
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jinyi Tang
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles CA 90048, USA
| | - Lyndsey Muehling
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Glenda Canderan
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Alexandra Kadl
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Abigail Cannon
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Samuel Young
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Riley Hannan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Grace Bingham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mohammed Arish
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Arka Sen Chaudhari
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jeffrey Sturek
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Yun Michael Shim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Judith Woodfolk
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Chongzhi Zang
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles CA 90048, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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23
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Narasimhan H, Cheon IS, Qian W, Hu S, Parimon T, Li C, Goplen N, Wu Y, Wei X, Son YM, Fink E, Santos G, Tang J, Yao C, Muehling L, Canderan G, Kadl A, Cannon A, Young S, Hannan R, Bingham G, Arish M, Chaudhari AS, Sturek J, Pramoonjago P, Shim YM, Woodfolk J, Zang C, Chen P, Sun J. Proximal immune-epithelial progenitor interactions drive chronic tissue sequelae post COVID-19. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.13.557622. [PMID: 37745354 PMCID: PMC10515929 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.13.557622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The long-term physiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2, termed Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), are rapidly evolving into a major public health concern. The underlying cellular and molecular etiology remain poorly defined but growing evidence links PASC to abnormal immune responses and/or poor organ recovery post-infection. Yet, the precise mechanisms driving non-resolving inflammation and impaired tissue repair in the context of PASC remain unclear. With insights from three independent clinical cohorts of PASC patients with abnormal lung function and/or viral infection-mediated pulmonary fibrosis, we established a clinically relevant mouse model of post-viral lung sequelae to investigate the pathophysiology of respiratory PASC. By employing a combination of spatial transcriptomics and imaging, we identified dysregulated proximal interactions between immune cells and epithelial progenitors unique to the fibroproliferation in respiratory PASC but not acute COVID-19 or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Specifically, we found a central role for lung-resident CD8+ T cell-macrophage interactions in maintaining Krt8hi transitional and ectopic Krt5+ basal cell progenitors, thus impairing alveolar regeneration and driving fibrotic sequelae after acute viral pneumonia. Mechanistically, CD8+ T cell derived IFN-γ and TNF stimulated lung macrophages to chronically release IL-1β, resulting in the abnormal accumulation of dysplastic epithelial progenitors and fibrosis. Notably, therapeutic neutralization of IFN-γ and TNF, or IL-1β after the resolution of acute infection resulted in markedly improved alveolar regeneration and restoration of pulmonary function. Together, our findings implicate a dysregulated immune-epithelial progenitor niche in driving respiratory PASC. Moreover, in contrast to other approaches requiring early intervention, we highlight therapeutic strategies to rescue fibrotic disease in the aftermath of respiratory viral infections, addressing the current unmet need in the clinical management of PASC and post-viral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Narasimhan
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - In Su Cheon
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Wei Qian
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sheng’en Hu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Tanyalak Parimon
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles CA 90048, USA
| | - Chaofan Li
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nick Goplen
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yue Wu
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wei
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Young Min Son
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Elizabeth Fink
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Gislane Santos
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jinyi Tang
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles CA 90048, USA
| | - Lyndsey Muehling
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Glenda Canderan
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Alexandra Kadl
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Abigail Cannon
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Samuel Young
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Riley Hannan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Grace Bingham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mohammed Arish
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Arka Sen Chaudhari
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jeffrey Sturek
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Yun Michael Shim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Judith Woodfolk
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Chongzhi Zang
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles CA 90048, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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24
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Han S, Budinger GS, Gottardi CJ. Alveolar epithelial regeneration in the aging lung. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170504. [PMID: 37843280 PMCID: PMC10575730 DOI: 10.1172/jci170504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancing age is the most important risk factor for the development of and mortality from acute and chronic lung diseases, including pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. This risk was manifest during the COVID-19 pandemic, when elderly people were disproportionately affected and died from SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. However, the recent pandemic also provided lessons on lung resilience. An overwhelming majority of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, even those with severe disease, recovered with near-complete restoration of lung architecture and function. These observations are inconsistent with historic views of the lung as a terminally differentiated organ incapable of regeneration. Here, we review emerging hypotheses that explain how the lung repairs itself after injury and why these mechanisms of lung repair fail in some individuals, particularly the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeungHye Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - G.R. Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cara J. Gottardi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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25
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Hewitt RJ, Puttur F, Gaboriau DCA, Fercoq F, Fresquet M, Traves WJ, Yates LL, Walker SA, Molyneaux PL, Kemp SV, Nicholson AG, Rice A, Roberts E, Lennon R, Carlin LM, Byrne AJ, Maher TM, Lloyd CM. Lung extracellular matrix modulates KRT5 + basal cell activity in pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6039. [PMID: 37758700 PMCID: PMC10533905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expansion of KRT5+ basal cells in the distal lung accompanies progressive alveolar epithelial cell loss and tissue remodelling during fibrogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The mechanisms determining activity of KRT5+ cells in IPF have not been delineated. Here, we reveal a potential mechanism by which KRT5+ cells migrate within the fibrotic lung, navigating regional differences in collagen topography. In vitro, KRT5+ cell migratory characteristics and expression of remodelling genes are modulated by extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and organisation. Mass spectrometry- based proteomics revealed compositional differences in ECM components secreted by primary human lung fibroblasts (HLF) from IPF patients compared to controls. Over-expression of ECM glycoprotein, Secreted Protein Acidic and Cysteine Rich (SPARC) in the IPF HLF matrix restricts KRT5+ cell migration in vitro. Together, our findings demonstrate how changes to the ECM in IPF directly influence KRT5+ cell behaviour and function contributing to remodelling events in the fibrotic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Hewitt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Franz Puttur
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David C A Gaboriau
- Facility for Imaging by Light Microscopy, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Maryline Fresquet
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - William J Traves
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Laura L Yates
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Simone A Walker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Philip L Molyneaux
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Samuel V Kemp
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew G Nicholson
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Alexandra Rice
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Edward Roberts
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Rachel Lennon
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Adam J Byrne
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Toby M Maher
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Keck Medicine of USC, 1510 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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26
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Wang Y, Bin E, Yuan J, Huang M, Chen J, Tang N. Aberrant differentiation of epithelial progenitors is accompanied by a hypoxic microenvironment in the paraquat-injured human lung. Cell Discov 2023; 9:98. [PMID: 37752109 PMCID: PMC10522573 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ennan Bin
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Man Huang
- Center for Lung Transplantation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Center for Lung Transplantation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Wuxi Lung Transplantation Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Nan Tang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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27
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Sun J, Zhang H, Liu D, Liu W, Du J, Wen D, Li L, Zhang A, Jiang J, Zeng L. CTGF promotes the repair and regeneration of alveoli after acute lung injury by promoting the proliferation of subpopulation of AEC2s. Respir Res 2023; 24:227. [PMID: 37741976 PMCID: PMC10517460 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional alveolar regeneration is essential for the restoration of normal lung homeostasis after acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Lung is a relatively quiescent organ and a variety of stem cells are recruited to participate in lung repair and regeneration after lung tissue injury. However, there is still no effective method for promoting the proliferation of endogenous lung stem cells to promote repair and regeneration. METHODS Using protein mass spectrometry analysis, we analyzed the microenvironment after acute lung injury. RNA sequencing and image cytometry were used in the alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s) subgroup identification. Then we used Sftpc+AEC2 lineage tracking mice and purified AEC2s to further elucidate the molecular mechanism by which CTGF regulates AEC2s proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from thirty ARDS patients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage was collected for the analysis of the correlation between the expressing of Krt5 in BALF and patients' prognosis. RESULTS Here, we elucidate that AEC2s are the main facultative stem cells of the distal lung after ALI and ARDS. The increase of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the microenvironment after ALI promoted the proliferation of AEC2s subpopulations. Proliferated AEC2s rapidly expanded and differentiated into alveolar epithelial type 1 cells (AEC1s) in the regeneration after ALI. CTGF initiates the phosphorylation of LRP6 by promoting the interaction between Krt5 and LRP6 of AEC2s, thus activating the Wnt signaling pathway, which is the molecular mechanism of CTGF promoting the proliferation of AEC2s subpopulation. CONCLUSIONS Our study verifies that CTGF promotes the repair and regeneration of alveoli after acute lung injury by promoting the proliferation of AEC2s subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Sun
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Huacai Zhang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wenyi Liu
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Dalin Wen
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Luoxi Li
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Anqiang Zhang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Ling Zeng
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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28
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Beppu AK, Zhao J, Yao C, Carraro G, Israely E, Coelho AL, Drake K, Hogaboam CM, Parks WC, Kolls JK, Stripp BR. Epithelial plasticity and innate immune activation promote lung tissue remodeling following respiratory viral infection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5814. [PMID: 37726288 PMCID: PMC10509177 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial plasticity has been suggested in lungs of mice following genetic depletion of stem cells but is of unknown physiological relevance. Viral infection and chronic lung disease share similar pathological features of stem cell loss in alveoli, basal cell (BC) hyperplasia in small airways, and innate immune activation, that contribute to epithelial remodeling and loss of lung function. We show that a subset of distal airway secretory cells, intralobar serous (IS) cells, are activated to assume BC fates following influenza virus infection. Injury-induced hyperplastic BC (hBC) differ from pre-existing BC by high expression of IL-22Ra1 and undergo IL-22-dependent expansion for colonization of injured alveoli. Resolution of virus-elicited inflammation results in BC to IS re-differentiation in repopulated alveoli, and increased local expression of protective antimicrobial factors, but fails to restore normal alveolar epithelium responsible for gas exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Beppu
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Gianni Carraro
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Edo Israely
- Department of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Anna Lucia Coelho
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Katherine Drake
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Cory M Hogaboam
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - William C Parks
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Tulane Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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29
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Herriges MJ, Yampolskaya M, Thapa BR, Lindstrom-Vautrin J, Wang F, Huang J, Na CL, Ma L, Montminy MM, Bawa P, Villacorta-Martin C, Mehta P, Kotton DN. Durable alveolar engraftment of PSC-derived lung epithelial cells into immunocompetent mice. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1217-1234.e7. [PMID: 37625412 PMCID: PMC10529386 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Durable reconstitution of the distal lung epithelium with pluripotent stem cell (PSC) derivatives, if realized, would represent a promising therapy for diseases that result from alveolar damage. Here, we differentiate murine PSCs into self-renewing lung epithelial progenitors able to engraft into the injured distal lung epithelium of immunocompetent, syngeneic mouse recipients. After transplantation, these progenitors mature in the distal lung, assuming the molecular phenotypes of alveolar type 2 (AT2) and type 1 (AT1) cells. After months in vivo, donor-derived cells retain their mature phenotypes, as characterized by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), histologic profiling, and functional assessment that demonstrates continued capacity of the engrafted cells to proliferate and differentiate. These results indicate durable reconstitution of the distal lung's facultative progenitor and differentiated epithelial cell compartments with PSC-derived cells, thus establishing a novel model for pulmonary cell therapy that can be utilized to better understand the mechanisms and utility of engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Herriges
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Bibek R Thapa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Feiya Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Cheng-Lun Na
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Liang Ma
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - McKenna M Montminy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pushpinder Bawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pankaj Mehta
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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30
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Naik A, Forrest KM, Paul O, Issah Y, Valekunja UK, Tang SY, Reddy AB, Hennessy EJ, Brooks TG, Chaudhry F, Babu A, Morley M, Zepp JA, Grant GR, FitzGerald GA, Sehgal A, Worthen GS, Frank DB, Morrisey EE, Sengupta S. Circadian regulation of lung repair and regeneration. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164720. [PMID: 37463053 PMCID: PMC10543710 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal lung repair and regeneration are essential for recovery from viral infections, including influenza A virus (IAV). We have previously demonstrated that acute inflammation and mortality induced by IAV is under circadian control. However, it is not known whether the influence of the circadian clock persists beyond the acute outcomes. Here, we utilize the UK Biobank to demonstrate an association between poor circadian rhythms and morbidity from lower respiratory tract infections, including the need for hospitalization and mortality after discharge; this persists even after adjusting for common confounding factors. Furthermore, we use a combination of lung organoid assays, single-cell RNA sequencing, and IAV infection in different models of clock disruption to investigate the role of the circadian clock in lung repair and regeneration. We show that lung organoids have a functional circadian clock and the disruption of this clock impairs regenerative capacity. Finally, we find that the circadian clock acts through distinct pathways in mediating lung regeneration - in tracheal cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and through IL-1β in alveolar epithelial cells. We speculate that adding a circadian dimension to the critical process of lung repair and regeneration will lead to novel therapies and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Naik
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Oindrila Paul
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yasmine Issah
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Utham K. Valekunja
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Soon Y. Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
| | - Akhilesh B. Reddy
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Thomas G. Brooks
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
| | - Fatima Chaudhry
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gregory R. Grant
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Department of Genetics
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, and
| | - G. Scott Worthen
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David B. Frank
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward E. Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaon Sengupta
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Pediatrics
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31
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Parimon T, Chen P, Stripp BR, Liang J, Jiang D, Noble PW, Parks WC, Yao C. Senescence of alveolar epithelial progenitor cells: a critical driver of lung fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C483-C495. [PMID: 37458437 PMCID: PMC10511168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00239.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis comprises a range of chronic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) that impose a significant burden on patients and public health. Among these, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disease of aging, is the most common and most severe form of ILD and is treated largely by lung transplantation. The lack of effective treatments to stop or reverse lung fibrosis-in fact, fibrosis in most organs-has sparked the need to understand causative mechanisms with the goal of identifying critical points for potential therapeutic intervention. Findings from many groups have indicated that repeated injury to the alveolar epithelium-where gas exchange occurs-leads to stem cell exhaustion and impaired alveolar repair that, in turn, triggers the onset and progression of fibrosis. Cellular senescence of alveolar epithelial progenitors is a critical cause of stemness failure. Hence, senescence impairs repair and thus contributes significantly to fibrosis. In this review, we discuss recent evidence indicating that senescence of epithelial progenitor cells impairs alveolar homeostasis and repair creating a profibrotic environment. Moreover, we discuss the impact of senescent alveolar epithelial progenitors, alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, and AT2-derived transitional epithelial cells in fibrosis. Emerging evidence indicates that transitional epithelial cells are prone to senescence and, hence, are a new player involved in senescence-associated lung fibrosis. Understanding the complex interplay of cell types and cellular regulatory factors contributing to alveolar epithelial progenitor senescence will be crucial to developing targeted therapies to mitigate their downstream profibrotic sequelae and to promote normal alveolar repair.NEW & NOTEWORTHY With an aging population, lung fibrotic diseases are becoming a global health burden. Dysfunctional repair of the alveolar epithelium is a key causative process that initiates lung fibrosis. Normal alveolar regeneration relies on functional progenitor cells; however, the senescence of these cells, which increases with age, hinders their ability to contribute to repair. Here, we discuss studies on the control and consequence of progenitor cell senescence in fibrosis and opportunities for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyalak Parimon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Peter Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Barry R Stripp
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jiurong Liang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Paul W Noble
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - William C Parks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Changfu Yao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
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32
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El Agha E, Thannickal VJ. The lung mesenchyme in development, regeneration, and fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170498. [PMID: 37463440 DOI: 10.1172/jci170498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal cells are uniquely located at the interface between the epithelial lining and the stroma, allowing them to act as a signaling hub among diverse cellular compartments of the lung. During embryonic and postnatal lung development, mesenchyme-derived signals instruct epithelial budding, branching morphogenesis, and subsequent structural and functional maturation. Later during adult life, the mesenchyme plays divergent roles wherein its balanced activation promotes epithelial repair after injury while its aberrant activation can lead to pathological remodeling and fibrosis that are associated with multiple chronic pulmonary diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this Review, we discuss the involvement of the lung mesenchyme in various morphogenic, neomorphogenic, and dysmorphogenic aspects of lung biology and health, with special emphasis on lung fibroblast subsets and smooth muscle cells, intercellular communication, and intrinsic mesenchymal mechanisms that drive such physiological and pathophysiological events throughout development, homeostasis, injury repair, regeneration, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie El Agha
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Nabhan AN, Webster JD, Adams JJ, Blazer L, Everrett C, Eidenschenk C, Arlantico A, Fleming I, Brightbill HD, Wolters PJ, Modrusan Z, Seshagiri S, Angers S, Sidhu SS, Newton K, Arron JR, Dixit VM. Targeted alveolar regeneration with Frizzled-specific agonists. Cell 2023; 186:2995-3012.e15. [PMID: 37321220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wnt ligands oligomerize Frizzled (Fzd) and Lrp5/6 receptors to control the specification and activity of stem cells in many species. How Wnt signaling is selectively activated in different stem cell populations, often within the same organ, is not understood. In lung alveoli, we show that distinct Wnt receptors are expressed by epithelial (Fzd5/6), endothelial (Fzd4), and stromal (Fzd1) cells. Fzd5 is uniquely required for alveolar epithelial stem cell activity, whereas fibroblasts utilize distinct Fzd receptors. Using an expanded repertoire of Fzd-Lrp agonists, we could activate canonical Wnt signaling in alveolar epithelial stem cells via either Fzd5 or, unexpectedly, non-canonical Fzd6. A Fzd5 agonist (Fzd5ag) or Fzd6ag stimulated alveolar epithelial stem cell activity and promoted survival in mice after lung injury, but only Fzd6ag promoted an alveolar fate in airway-derived progenitors. Therefore, we identify a potential strategy for promoting regeneration without exacerbating fibrosis during lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad N Nabhan
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Joshua D Webster
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jarret J Adams
- AntlerA Therapeutics, 348 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Levi Blazer
- AntlerA Therapeutics, 348 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Christine Everrett
- Department of Molecular Discovery and Cancer Cell Biology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Celine Eidenschenk
- Department of Molecular Discovery and Cancer Cell Biology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Alexander Arlantico
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Isabel Fleming
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hans D Brightbill
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Paul J Wolters
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Stephane Angers
- AntlerA Therapeutics, 348 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A2, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- AntlerA Therapeutics, 348 Hatch Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada
| | - Kim Newton
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Joseph R Arron
- Department of Immunology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Vishva M Dixit
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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34
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DeMichele E, Sosnowski O, Buret AG, Allain T. Regulatory Functions of Hypoxia in Host-Parasite Interactions: A Focus on Enteric, Tissue, and Blood Protozoa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1598. [PMID: 37375100 PMCID: PMC10303274 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Body tissues are subjected to various oxygenic gradients and fluctuations and hence can become transiently hypoxic. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the master transcriptional regulator of the cellular hypoxic response and is capable of modulating cellular metabolism, immune responses, epithelial barrier integrity, and local microbiota. Recent reports have characterized the hypoxic response to various infections. However, little is known about the role of HIF activation in the context of protozoan parasitic infections. Growing evidence suggests that tissue and blood protozoa can activate HIF and subsequent HIF target genes in the host, helping or hindering their pathogenicity. In the gut, enteric protozoa are adapted to steep longitudinal and radial oxygen gradients to complete their life cycle, yet the role of HIF during these protozoan infections remains unclear. This review focuses on the hypoxic response to protozoa and its role in the pathophysiology of parasitic infections. We also discuss how hypoxia modulates host immune responses in the context of protozoan infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily DeMichele
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Olivia Sosnowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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35
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Feng F, Wang LJ, Li JC, Chen TT, Liu L. Role of heparanase in ARDS through autophagy and exosome pathway (review). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1200782. [PMID: 37361227 PMCID: PMC10285077 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1200782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most common respiratory disease in ICU. Although there are many treatment and support methods, the mortality rate is still high. The main pathological feature of ARDS is the damage of pulmonary microvascular endothelium and alveolar epithelium caused by inflammatory reaction, which may lead to coagulation system disorder and pulmonary fibrosis. Heparanase (HPA) plays an significant role in inflammation, coagulation, fibrosis. It is reported that HPA degrades a large amount of HS in ARDS, leading to the damage of endothelial glycocalyx and inflammatory factors are released in large quantities. HPA can aggrandize the release of exosomes through syndecan-syntenin-Alix pathway, leading to a series of pathological reactions; at the same time, HPA can cause abnormal expression of autophagy. Therefore, we speculate that HPA promotes the occurrence and development of ARDS through exosomes and autophagy, which leads to a large amount of release of inflammatory factors, coagulation disorder and pulmonary fibrosis. This article mainly describes the mechanism of HPA on ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Feng
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin-Jun Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Chun Li
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liping Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Departments of Emergency Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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36
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Cardenas-Diaz FL, Liberti DC, Leach JP, Babu A, Barasch J, Shen T, Diaz-Miranda MA, Zhou S, Ying Y, Callaway DA, Morley MP, Morrisey EE. Temporal and spatial staging of lung alveolar regeneration is determined by the grainyhead transcription factor Tfcp2l1. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112451. [PMID: 37119134 PMCID: PMC10360042 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells harbor the facultative progenitor capacity in the lung alveolus to drive regeneration after lung injury. Using single-cell transcriptomics, software-guided segmentation of tissue damage, and in vivo mouse lineage tracing, we identified the grainyhead transcription factor cellular promoter 2-like 1 (Tfcp2l1) as a regulator of this regenerative process. Tfcp2l1 loss in adult AT2 cells inhibits self-renewal and enhances AT2-AT1 differentiation during tissue regeneration. Conversely, Tfcp2l1 blunts the proliferative response to inflammatory signaling during the early acute injury phase. Tfcp2l1 temporally regulates AT2 self-renewal and differentiation in alveolar regions undergoing active regeneration. Single-cell transcriptomics and lineage tracing reveal that Tfcp2l1 regulates cell fate dynamics across the AT2-AT1 differentiation and restricts the inflammatory program in murine AT2 cells. Organoid modeling shows that Tfcp2l1 regulation of interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor expression controlled these cell fate dynamics. These findings highlight the critical role Tfcp2l1 plays in balancing epithelial cell self-renewal and differentiation during alveolar regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian L Cardenas-Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Derek C Liberti
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John P Leach
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan Barasch
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tian Shen
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maria A Diaz-Miranda
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yun Ying
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Danielle A Callaway
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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37
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Zhao G, Gentile ME, Xue L, Cosgriff CV, Weiner AI, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Li X, Kass-Gergi S, Holcomb NP, Basal MC, Stewart KM, Planer JD, Cantu E, Christie JD, Crespo MM, Mitchell MJ, Meyer NJ, Vaughan AE. Vascular Endothelial-derived SPARCL1 Exacerbates Viral Pneumonia Through Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.25.541966. [PMID: 37292817 PMCID: PMC10245987 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.541966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation upon infectious lung injury is a double-edged sword: while tissue-infiltrating immune cells and cytokines are necessary to control infection, these same factors often aggravate injury. Full appreciation of both the sources and targets of inflammatory mediators is required to facilitate strategies to maintain antimicrobial effects while minimizing off-target epithelial and endothelial damage. Recognizing that the vasculature is centrally involved in tissue responses to injury and infection, we observed that pulmonary capillary endothelial cells (ECs) exhibit dramatic transcriptomic changes upon influenza injury punctuated by profound upregulation of Sparcl1 . Endothelial deletion and overexpression of SPARCL1 implicated this secreted matricellular protein in driving key pathophysiologic symptoms of pneumonia, which we demonstrate result from its effects on macrophage polarization. SPARCL1 induces a shift to a pro-inflammatory "M1-like" phenotype (CD86 + CD206 - ), thereby increasing associated cytokine levels. Mechanistically, SPARCL1 acts directly on macrophages in vitro to induce the pro-inflammatory phenotype via activation of TLR4, and TLR4 inhibition in vivo ameliorates inflammatory exacerbations caused by endothelial Sparcl1 overexpression. Finally, we confirmed significant elevation of SPARCL1 in COVID-19 lung ECs in comparison with those from healthy donors. Survival analysis demonstrated that patients with fatal COVID-19 had higher levels of circulating SPARCL1 protein compared to those who recovered, indicating the potential of SPARCL1 as a biomarker for prognosis of pneumonia and suggesting that personalized medicine approaches might be harnessed to block SPARCL1 and improve outcomes in high-expressing patients.
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38
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Mayro B, Hoj JP, Cerda-Smith CG, Hutchinson HM, Caminear MW, Thrash HL, Winter PS, Wardell SE, McDonnell DP, Wu C, Wood KC, Pendergast AM. ABL kinases regulate the stabilization of HIF-1α and MYC through CPSF1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2210418120. [PMID: 37040401 PMCID: PMC10120083 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210418120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) enables cells to adapt and respond to hypoxia (Hx), and the activity of this transcription factor is regulated by several oncogenic signals and cellular stressors. While the pathways controlling normoxic degradation of HIF-1α are well understood, the mechanisms supporting the sustained stabilization and activity of HIF-1α under Hx are less clear. We report that ABL kinase activity protects HIF-1α from proteasomal degradation during Hx. Using a fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based CRISPR/Cas9 screen, we identified HIF-1α as a substrate of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor-1 (CPSF1), an E3-ligase which targets HIF-1α for degradation in the presence of an ABL kinase inhibitor in Hx. We show that ABL kinases phosphorylate and interact with CUL4A, a cullin ring ligase adaptor, and compete with CPSF1 for CUL4A binding, leading to increased HIF-1α protein levels. Further, we identified the MYC proto-oncogene protein as a second CPSF1 substrate and show that active ABL kinase protects MYC from CPSF1-mediated degradation. These studies uncover a role for CPSF1 in cancer pathobiology as an E3-ligase antagonizing the expression of the oncogenic transcription factors, HIF-1α and MYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Mayro
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Jacob P. Hoj
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Christian G. Cerda-Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Haley M. Hutchinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Michael W. Caminear
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Hannah L. Thrash
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Peter S. Winter
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Suzanne E. Wardell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Donald P. McDonnell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Colleen Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Kris C. Wood
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
| | - Ann Marie Pendergast
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710
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39
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Meng X, Cui G, Peng G. Lung development and regeneration: newly defined cell types and progenitor status. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 12:5. [PMID: 37009950 PMCID: PMC10068224 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The lung is the most critical organ of the respiratory system supporting gas exchange. Constant interaction with the external environment makes the lung vulnerable to injury. Thus, a deeper understanding of cellular and molecular processes underlying lung development programs and evaluation of progenitor status within the lung is an essential part of lung regenerative medicine. In this review, we aim to discuss the current understanding of lung development process and regenerative capability. We highlight the advances brought by multi-omics approaches, single-cell transcriptome, in particular, that can help us further dissect the cellular player and molecular signaling underlying those processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogao Meng
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, Guangdong, China
- Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Guizhong Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Guangdun Peng
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, Guangdong, China.
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40
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Ciminieri C, Woest ME, Reynaert NL, Heijink IH, Wardenaar R, Spierings DCJ, Brandsma CA, Königshoff M, Gosens R. IL-1β Induces a Proinflammatory Fibroblast Microenvironment that Impairs Lung Progenitors' Function. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:444-455. [PMID: 36608844 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0209oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a persistent inflammatory state in the lungs and defective tissue repair. Although the inflammatory response in patients with COPD is well characterized and known to be exaggerated during exacerbations, its contribution to lung injury and abnormal repair is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate how the inflammatory microenvironment affects the epithelial progenitors and their supporting mesenchymal niche cells involved in tissue repair of the distal lung. We focused on IL-1β, a key inflammatory mediator that is increased during exacerbations of COPD, and used an organoid model of lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts to assess the effect of IL-1β treatment on these cells' transcriptome and secreted factors. Whereas direct treatment of the lung organoids with IL-1β promoted organoid growth, this switched toward inhibition when it was added as fibroblast pretreatment followed by organoid treatment. We then investigated the IL-1β-driven mechanisms in the fibroblasts and found an inflammatory response related to (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) chemokines; we confirmed that these chemokines were responsible for the impaired organoid growth and found that targeting their C-X-C chemokine receptors 1/2 (CXCR1/2) receptors or the IL-1β intracellular signaling reduced the proinflammatory response and restored organoid growth. These data demonstrate that IL-1β alters the fibroblasts' state by promoting a distinct inflammatory response, switching their supportive function on epithelial progenitors toward an inhibitory one in an organoid assay. These results imply that chronic inflammation functions as a shift toward inhibition of repair, thereby contributing to chronic inflammatory diseases like COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ciminieri
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD
| | - Manon E Woest
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD
- Aquilo BV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD
- Groningen Department of Pathology and Medical Biology
- Groningen Department of Pulmonary Diseases, and
| | - René Wardenaar
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana C J Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD
- Groningen Department of Pathology and Medical Biology
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD
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41
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Huang G, Liang J, Huang K, Liu X, Taghavifar F, Yao C, Parimon T, Liu N, Dai K, Aziz A, Wang Y, Waldron RT, Mou H, Stripp B, Noble PW, Jiang D. Basal Cell-derived WNT7A Promotes Fibrogenesis at the Fibrotic Niche in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:302-313. [PMID: 36318668 PMCID: PMC9989475 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0074oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of epithelial integrity, bronchiolarization, and fibroblast activation are key characteristics of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Prolonged accumulation of basal-like cells in IPF may impact the fibrotic niche to promote fibrogenesis. To investigate their role in IPF, basal cells were isolated from IPF explant and healthy donor lung tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to assess differentially expressed genes in basal cells. Basal cell and niche interaction was demonstrated with the sLP-mCherry niche labeling system. Luminex assays were used to assess cytokines secreted by basal cells. The role of basal cells in fibroblast activation was studied. Three-dimensional organoid culture assays were used to interrogate basal cell effects on AEC2 (type 2 alveolar epithelial cell) renewal capacity. Perturbation was used to investigate WNT7A function in vitro and in a repetitive bleomycin model in vivo. We found that WNT7A is highly and specifically expressed in basal-like cells. Proteins secreted by basal cells can be captured by neighboring fibroblasts and AEC2s. Basal cells or basal cell-conditioned media activate fibroblasts through WNT7A. Basal cell-derived WNT7A inhibits AEC2 progenitor cell renewal in three-dimensional organoid cultures. Neutralizing antibodies against WNT7A or a small molecule inhibitor of Frizzled signaling abolished basal cell-induced fibroblast activation and attenuated lung fibrosis in mice. In summary, basal cells and basal cell-derived WNT7A are key components of the fibrotic niche, providing a unique non-stem cell function of basal cells in IPF progression and a novel targeting strategy for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Xue Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | | | - Changfu Yao
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute
| | | | - Ningshan Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Kristy Dai
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Adam Aziz
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | | | | | - Hongmei Mou
- The Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barry Stripp
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute
| | - Paul W Noble
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
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42
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Wang X, Cui L, Hong J, Wang Z, Li J, Liu Z, Zhu Z, Hao Y, Cheng G, Jiang J. Incorporating GSE4 peptide in PEG/hyaluronic acid hydrogels to promote the alveolar epithelial differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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43
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Yang L, Gilbertsen A, Xia H, Benyumov A, Smith K, Herrera J, Racila E, Bitterman PB, Henke CA. Hypoxia enhances IPF mesenchymal progenitor cell fibrogenicity via the lactate/GPR81/HIF1α pathway. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163820. [PMID: 36656644 PMCID: PMC9977506 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a sentinel feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The IPF microenvironment contains high lactate levels, and hypoxia enhances cellular lactate production. Lactate, acting through the GPR81 lactate receptor, serves as a signal molecule regulating cellular processes. We previously identified intrinsically fibrogenic mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) that drive fibrosis in the lungs of patients with IPF. However, whether hypoxia enhances IPF MPC fibrogenicity is unclear. We hypothesized that hypoxia increases IPF MPC fibrogenicity via lactate and its cognate receptor GPR81. Here we show that hypoxia promotes IPF MPC self-renewal. The mechanism involves hypoxia-mediated enhancement of LDHA function and lactate production and release. Hypoxia also increases HIF1α levels, and this increase in turn augments the expression of GPR81. Exogenous lactate operating through GPR81 promotes IPF MPC self-renewal. IHC analysis of IPF lung tissue demonstrates IPF MPCs expressing GPR81 and hypoxic markers on the periphery of the fibroblastic focus. We show that hypoxia enhances IPF MPC fibrogenicity in vivo. We demonstrate that knockdown of GPR81 inhibits hypoxia-induced IPF MPC self-renewal in vitro and attenuates hypoxia-induced IPF MPC fibrogenicity in vivo. Our data demonstrate that hypoxia creates a feed-forward loop that augments IPF MPC fibrogenicity via the lactate/GPR81/HIF1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen Smith
- CSENG Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Emil Racila
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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44
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Sierra I, Pyfrom S, Weiner A, Zhao G, Driscoll A, Yu X, Gregory BD, Vaughan AE, Anguera MC. Unusual X chromosome inactivation maintenance in female alveolar type 2 cells is correlated with increased numbers of X-linked escape genes and sex-biased gene expression. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:489-502. [PMID: 36638790 PMCID: PMC9968984 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differences exist for many lung pathologies, including COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis, but the mechanistic basis for this remains unclear. Alveolar type 2 cells (AT2s), which play a key role in alveolar lung regeneration, express the X-linked Ace2 gene that has roles in lung repair and SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, suggesting that X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in AT2s might impact sex-biased lung pathology. Here we investigate XCI maintenance and sex-specific gene expression profiles using male and female AT2s. Remarkably, the inactive X chromosome (Xi) lacks robust canonical Xist RNA "clouds" and less enrichment of heterochromatic modifications in human and mouse AT2s. We demonstrate that about 68% of expressed X-linked genes in mouse AT2s, including Ace2, escape XCI. There are genome-wide expression differences between male and female AT2s, likely influencing both lung physiology and pathophysiologic responses. These studies support a renewed focus on AT2s as a potential contributor to sex-biased differences in lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Sierra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Pyfrom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Driscoll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiang Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Brian D Gregory
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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45
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Crotta S, Villa M, Major J, Finsterbusch K, Llorian M, Carmeliet P, Buescher J, Wack A. Repair of airway epithelia requires metabolic rewiring towards fatty acid oxidation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:721. [PMID: 36781848 PMCID: PMC9925445 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues provide front-line barriers shielding the organism from invading pathogens and harmful substances. In the airway epithelium, the combined action of multiciliated and secretory cells sustains the mucociliary escalator required for clearance of microbes and particles from the airways. Defects in components of mucociliary clearance or barrier integrity are associated with recurring infections and chronic inflammation. The timely and balanced differentiation of basal cells into mature epithelial cell subsets is therefore tightly controlled. While different growth factors regulating progenitor cell proliferation have been described, little is known about the role of metabolism in these regenerative processes. Here we show that basal cell differentiation correlates with a shift in cellular metabolism from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that pharmacological and genetic impairment of FAO blocks the development of fully differentiated airway epithelial cells, compromising the repair of airway epithelia. Mechanistically, FAO links to the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway to support protein glycosylation in airway epithelial cells. Our findings unveil the metabolic network underpinning the differentiation of airway epithelia and identify novel targets for intervention to promote lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crotta
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Matteo Villa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jack Major
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, and Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology (BTC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joerg Buescher
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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46
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Wasnick R, Korfei M, Piskulak K, Henneke I, Wilhelm J, Mahavadi P, Dartsch RC, von der Beck D, Koch M, Shalashova I, Weiss A, Klymenko O, Askevold I, Fink L, Witt H, Hackstein H, El Agha E, Bellusci S, Klepetko W, Königshoff M, Eickelberg O, Schermuly RT, Braun T, Seeger W, Ruppert C, Guenther A. Notch1 Induces Defective Epithelial Surfactant Processing and Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:283-299. [PMID: 36047984 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202105-1284oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Although type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) are chronically injured in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), they contribute to epithelial regeneration in IPF. Objectives: We hypothesized that Notch signaling may contribute to AEC2 proliferation, dedifferentiation characterized by loss of surfactant processing machinery, and lung fibrosis in IPF. Methods: We applied microarray analysis, kinome profiling, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence analysis, western blotting, quantitative PCR, and proliferation and surface activity analysis to study epithelial differentiation, proliferation, and matrix deposition in vitro (AEC2 lines, primary murine/human AEC2s), ex vivo (human IPF-derived precision-cut lung slices), and in vivo (bleomycin and pepstatin application, Notch1 [Notch receptor 1] intracellular domain overexpression). Measurements and Main Results: We document here extensive SP-B and -C (surfactant protein-B and -C) processing defects in IPF AEC2s, due to loss of Napsin A, resulting in increased intra-alveolar surface tension and alveolar collapse and induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress in AEC2s. In vivo pharmacological inhibition of Napsin A results in the development of AEC2 injury and overt lung fibrosis. We also demonstrate that Notch1 signaling is already activated early in IPF and determines AEC2 fate by inhibiting differentiation (reduced lamellar body compartment, reduced capacity to process hydrophobic SP) and by causing increased epithelial proliferation and development of lung fibrosis, putatively via altered JAK (Janus kinase)/Stat (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling in AEC2s. Conversely, inhibition of Notch signaling in IPF-derived precision-cut lung slices improved the surfactant processing capacity of AEC2s and reversed fibrosis. Conclusions: Notch1 is a central regulator of AEC2 fate in IPF. It induces alveolar epithelial proliferation and loss of Napsin A and of surfactant proprotein processing, and it contributes to fibroproliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Wasnick
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Martina Korfei
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Piskulak
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Henneke
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Poornima Mahavadi
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ruth Charlotte Dartsch
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Daniel von der Beck
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Miriam Koch
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Lung Clinic, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Mittelhessen, 35398 Giessen, Germany
| | - Irina Shalashova
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Astrid Weiss
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Oleksiy Klymenko
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ingolf Askevold
- Department of Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ludger Fink
- Institut für Pathologie, Überregionale Gemeinschaftspraxis für Pathologie und Zytologie, 35578 Wetzlar, Germany
| | - Heiko Witt
- Pediatric Nutritional Medicine, Else-Kröner-Fresenius-Fresenius-Ceter for Nutritional Sciences, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; and
| | - Werner Seeger
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; and
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,European IPF Registry/Biobank, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Lung Clinic, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Mittelhessen, 35398 Giessen, Germany.,European IPF Registry/Biobank, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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47
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Liu D, Xu C, Jiang L, Zhu X. Pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell subpopulation: Physiology, pathogenesis, and progress. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2023; 3:38-51. [PMID: 36789358 PMCID: PMC9924023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lungs are structurally and functionally complex organs consisting of diverse cell types from the proximal to distal axis. They have direct contact with the external environment and are constantly at risk of various injuries. Capable to proliferate and differentiate, pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cells contribute to the maintenance of lung structure and function both under homeostasis and following injuries. Discovering candidate pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell types and underlying regenerative mechanisms provide insights into therapeutic strategy development for lung diseases. In this review, we reveal their compositions, roles in lung disease pathogenesis and injury repair, and the underlying mechanisms. We further underline the advanced progress in research approach and potential therapy for lung regeneration. We also demonstrate the feasibility and prospects of pulmonary endogenous stem cell transplantation for lung disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chufan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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48
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Planer JD, Morrisey EE. After the Storm: Regeneration, Repair, and Reestablishment of Homeostasis Between the Alveolar Epithelium and Innate Immune System Following Viral Lung Injury. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 18:337-359. [PMID: 36270292 PMCID: PMC10875627 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-031621-024344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian lung has an enormous environmental-epithelial interface that is optimized to accomplish the principal function of the respiratory system, gas exchange. One consequence of evolving such a large surface area is that the lung epithelium is continuously exposed to toxins, irritants, and pathogens. Maintaining homeostasis in this environment requires a delicate balance of cellular signaling between the epithelium and innate immune system. Following injury, the epithelium can be either fully regenerated in form and function or repaired by forming dysplastic scar tissue. In this review, we describe the major mechanisms of damage, regeneration, and repair within the alveolar niche where gas exchange occurs. With a focus on viral infection, we summarize recent work that has established how epithelial proliferation is arrested during infection and how the innate immune system guides its reconstitution during recovery. The consequences of these processes going awry are also considered, with an emphasis on how this will impact postpandemic pulmonary biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Planer
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; ,
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; ,
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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49
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Dobrinskikh E, Hennessy CE, Kurche JS, Kim E, Estrella AM, Cardwell J, Yang IV, Schwartz DA. Epithelial Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Enhances the Risk of Muc5b-associated Lung Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:62-74. [PMID: 36108173 PMCID: PMC9817917 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0252oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gain-of-function minor allele of the MUC5B (mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming) promoter (rs35705950) is the strongest risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a devastating fibrotic lung disease that leads to progressive respiratory failure in adults. We have previously demonstrated that Muc5b overexpression in mice worsens lung fibrosis after bleomycin exposure and have hypothesized that excess Muc5b promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis, stimulating fibrotic lung injury. Here, we report that ER stress pathway members ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4) and ATF6 coexpress with MUC5B in epithelia of the distal IPF airway and honeycomb cyst and that this is more pronounced in carriers of the gain-of-function MUC5B promoter variant. Similarly, in mice exposed to bleomycin, Muc5b expression is temporally associated with markers of ER stress. Using bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing in bleomycin-exposed mice, we found that pathologic ER stress-associated transcripts Atf4 and Ddit3 (DNA damage inducible transcript 3) were elevated in alveolar epithelia of SFTPC-Muc5b transgenic (SFTPC-Muc5bTg) mice relative to wild-type (WT) mice. Activation of the ER stress response inhibits protein translation for most genes by phosphorylation of Eif2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha), which prevents guanine exchange by Eif2B and facilitates translation of Atf4. The integrated stress response inhibitor (ISRIB) facilitates interaction of phosphorylated Eif2α with Eif2B, overcoming translation inhibition associated with ER stress and reducing Atf4. We found that a single dose of ISRIB diminished Atf4 translation in SFTPC-Muc5bTg mice after bleomycin injury. Moreover, ISRIB resolved the exaggerated fibrotic response of SFTPC-Muc5bTg mice to bleomycin. In summary, we demonstrate that MUC5B and Muc5b expression is associated with pathologic ER stress and that restoration of normal translation with a single dose of ISRIB promotes lung repair in bleomycin-injured Muc5b-overexpressing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan S. Kurche
- Department of Medicine
- Pulmonary Section, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Alani M. Estrella
- Roy and Diana Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and
| | | | - Ivana V. Yang
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David A. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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50
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Glenn LM, Troy LK, Corte TJ. Novel diagnostic techniques in interstitial lung disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1174443. [PMID: 37188089 PMCID: PMC10175799 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1174443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into novel diagnostic techniques and targeted therapeutics in interstitial lung disease (ILD) is moving the field toward increased precision and improved patient outcomes. An array of molecular techniques, machine learning approaches and other innovative methods including electronic nose technology and endobronchial optical coherence tomography are promising tools with potential to increase diagnostic accuracy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding evolving diagnostic methods in ILD and to consider their future role in routine clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Glenn
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Laura M. Glenn,
| | - Lauren K. Troy
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamera J. Corte
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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