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Li M, Xing X, Yuan J, Zeng Z. Research progress on the regulatory role of cell membrane surface tension in cell behavior. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29923. [PMID: 38720730 PMCID: PMC11076917 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane surface tension has emerged as a pivotal biophysical factor governing cell behavior and fate. This review systematically delineates recent advances in techniques for cell membrane surface tension quantification, mechanosensing mechanisms, and regulatory roles of cell membrane surface tension in modulating major cellular processes. Micropipette aspiration, tether pulling, and newly developed fluorescent probes enable the measurement of cell membrane surface tension with spatiotemporal precision. Cells perceive cell membrane surface tension via conduits including mechanosensitive ion channels, curvature-sensing proteins (e.g. BAR domain proteins), and cortex-membrane attachment proteins (e.g. ERM proteins). Through membrane receptors like integrins, cells convert mechanical cues into biochemical signals. This conversion triggers cytoskeletal remodeling and extracellular matrix interactions in response to environmental changes. Elevated cell membrane surface tension suppresses cell spreading, migration, and endocytosis while facilitating exocytosis. Moreover, reduced cell membrane surface tension promotes embryonic stem cell differentiation and cancer cell invasion, underscoring cell membrane surface tension as a regulator of cell plasticity. Outstanding questions remain regarding cell membrane surface tension regulatory mechanisms and roles in tissue development/disease in vivo. Emerging tools to manipulate cell membrane surface tension with high spatiotemporal control in combination with omics approaches will facilitate the elucidation of cell membrane surface tension-mediated effects on signaling networks across various cell types/states. This will accelerate the development of cell membrane surface tension-based biomarkers and therapeutics for regenerative medicine and cancer. Overall, this review provides critical insights into cell membrane surface tension as a potent orchestrator of cell function, with broader impacts across mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqing Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 5180080, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 5180080, China
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Zhuoying Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Chemical Analysis & Physical Testing Institute, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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2
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Zhang N, Häring M, Wolf F, Großhans J, Kong D. Dynamics and functions of E-cadherin complexes in epithelial cell and tissue morphogenesis. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:585-601. [PMID: 38045551 PMCID: PMC10689684 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-023-00206-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell-cell adhesion is at the center of structure and dynamics of epithelial tissue. E-cadherin-catenin complexes mediate Ca2+-dependent trans-homodimerization and constitute the kernel of adherens junctions. Beyond the basic function of cell-cell adhesion, recent progress sheds light the dynamics and interwind interactions of individual E-cadherin-catenin complex with E-cadherin superclusters, contractile actomyosin and mechanics of the cortex and adhesion. The nanoscale architecture of E-cadherin complexes together with cis-interactions and interactions with cortical actomyosin adjust to junctional tension and mechano-transduction by reinforcement or weakening of specific features of the interactions. Although post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and glycosylation have been implicated, their role for specific aspects of in E-cadherin function has remained unclear. Here, we provide an overview of the E-cadherin complex in epithelial cell and tissue morphogenesis focusing on nanoscale architectures by super-resolution approaches and post-translational modifications from recent, in particular in vivo, studies. Furthermore, we review the computational modelling in E-cadherin complexes and highlight how computational modelling has contributed to a deeper understanding of the E-cadherin complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Häring
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fred Wolf
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Großhans
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Deqing Kong
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Zhang J, Jiang Z, Chen C, Yao L, Gao Z, Cheng Z, Yan Y, Liu H, Shi A. Age-associated decline in RAB-10 efficacy impairs intestinal barrier integrity. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1107-1127. [PMID: 37640905 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00475-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The age-related decline in the ability of the intestinal barrier to maintain selective permeability can lead to various physiological disturbances. Adherens junctions play a vital role in regulating intestinal permeability, and their proper assembly is contingent upon endocytic recycling. However, how aging affects the recycling efficiency and, consequently, the integrity of adherens junctions remains unclear. Here we show that RAB-10/Rab10 functionality is reduced during senescence, leading to impaired adherens junctions in the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine. Mechanistic analysis reveals that SDPN-1/PACSINs is upregulated in aging animals, suppressing RAB-10 activation by competing with DENN-4/GEF. Consistently, SDPN-1 knockdown alleviates age-related abnormalities in adherens junction integrity and intestinal barrier permeability. Of note, the inhibitory effect of SDPN-1 on RAB-10 requires KGB-1/JUN kinase, which presumably enhances the potency of SDPN-1 by altering its oligomerization state. Together, by examining age-associated changes in endocytic recycling, our study sheds light on how aging can impact intestinal barrier permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongyan Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changling Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longfeng Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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4
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Nan W, He Y, Wang S, Zhang Y. Molecular mechanism of VE-cadherin in regulating endothelial cell behaviour during angiogenesis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1234104. [PMID: 37601629 PMCID: PMC10433914 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1234104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, an endothelium-specific adhesion protein, is found in the junctions between endothelial cells (ECs). It's crucial to maintain the homogeneity of ECs. Keeping and controlling the contact between ECs is essential. In addition to its adhesive function, VE-cadherin plays important roles in vascular development, permeability, and tumour angiogenesis. Signal transfer, cytoskeletal reconstruction, and contractile integrating, which are crucial for constructing and maintaining monolayer integrity as well as for repair and regeneration, are the foundation of endothelial cell (EC) junctional dynamics. The molecular basis of adhesion junctions (AJs), which are closely related and work with actin filaments, is provided by the VE-cadherin-catenin complex. They can activate intracellular signals that drive ECs to react or communicate structural changes to junctions. An increasing number of molecules, including the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP), have been connected to VE-cadherin in addition to the conventional VE-cadherin-catenin complex. This review demonstrates significant progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that affect VE-cadherin's function in the regulation of EC behaviour during angiogenesis. The knowledge of the molecular processes that control VE-cadherin's role in the regulation of EC behaviour during angiogenesis has recently advanced, as shown in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijin Nan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxi He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Dumont V, Lehtonen S. PACSIN proteins in vivo: Roles in development and physiology. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13783. [PMID: 34990060 PMCID: PMC9285741 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons (PACSINs), or syndapins (synaptic dynamin‐associated proteins), are a family of proteins involved in the regulation of cell cytoskeleton, intracellular trafficking and signalling. Over the last twenty years, PACSINs have been mostly studied in the in vitro and ex vivo settings, and only in the last decade reports on their function in vivo have emerged. We first summarize the identification, structure and cellular functions of PACSINs, and then focus on the relevance of PACSINs in vivo. During development in various model organisms, PACSINs participate in diverse processes, such as neural crest cell development, gastrulation, laterality development and neuromuscular junction formation. In mouse, PACSIN2 regulates angiogenesis during retinal development and in human, PACSIN2 associates with monosomy and embryonic implantation. In adulthood, PACSIN1 has been extensively studied in the brain and shown to regulate neuromorphogenesis, receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity. Several genetic studies suggest a role for PACSIN1 in the development of schizophrenia, which is also supported by the phenotype of mice depleted of PACSIN1. PACSIN2 plays an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and participates in kidney repair processes after injury. PACSIN3 is abundant in muscle tissue and necessary for caveolar biogenesis to create membrane reservoirs, thus controlling muscle function, and has been linked to certain genetic muscular disorders. The above examples illustrate the importance of PACSINs in diverse physiological or tissue repair processes in various organs, and associations to diseases when their functions are disturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Dumont
- Department of Pathology and Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology and Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Department of Pathology University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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6
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Zudeh G, Franca R, Stocco G, Decorti G. Biomarkers for gastrointestinal adverse events related to thiopurine therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6348-6356. [PMID: 34720526 PMCID: PMC8517779 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i38.6348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiopurines are immunomodulators used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and inflammatory bowel diseases. Adverse reactions to these agents are one of the main causes of treatment discontinuation or interruption. Myelosuppression is the most frequent adverse effect; however, approximately 5%-20% of patients develop gastrointestinal toxicity. The identification of biomarkers able to prevent and/or monitor these adverse reactions would be useful for clinicians for the proactive management of long-term thiopurine therapy. In this editorial, we discuss evidence supporting the use of PACSIN2, RAC1, and ITPA genes, in addition to TPMT and NUDT15, as possible biomarkers for thiopurine-related gastrointestinal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zudeh
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Raffaella Franca
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Gabriele Stocco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Giuliana Decorti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health I.R.C.C.S Burlo Garofolo, Trieste 34137, Italy
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7
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Phng LK, Belting HG. Endothelial cell mechanics and blood flow forces in vascular morphogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 120:32-43. [PMID: 34154883 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate cardiovascular system is made up by a hierarchically structured network of highly specialised blood vessels. This network emerges during early embryogenesis and evolves in size and complexity concomitant with embryonic growth and organ formation. Underlying this plasticity are actin-driven endothelial cell behaviours, which allow endothelial cells to change their shape and move within the vascular network. In this review, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in vascular network formation and how these intrinsic mechanisms are influenced by haemodynamic forces provided by pressurized blood flow. While most of this review focusses on in vivo evidence from zebrafish embryos, we also mention complementary findings obtained in other experimental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Phng
- Laboratory for Vascular Morphogenesis, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Heinz-Georg Belting
- Department of Cell Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
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8
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Lynn KS, Easley KF, Martinez FJ, Reed RC, Schlingmann B, Koval M. Asymmetric distribution of dynamin-2 and β-catenin relative to tight junction spikes in alveolar epithelial cells. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1929786. [PMID: 34107845 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1929786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions between lung alveolar epithelial cells maintain an air-liquid barrier necessary for healthy lung function. Previously, we found that rearrangement of tight junctions from a linear, cortical orientation into perpendicular protrusions (tight junction spikes) is associated with a decrease in alveolar barrier function, especially in alcoholic lung syndrome. Using quantitative super-resolution microscopy, we found that spikes in control cells were enriched for claudin-18 as compared with alcohol-exposed cells. Moreover, using an in situ method to measure barrier function, tight junction spikes were not associated with localized increases in permeability. This suggests that tight junction spikes have a regulatory role as opposed to causing a physical weakening of the epithelial barrier. We found that tight junction spikes form at cell-cell junctions oriented away from pools of β-catenin associated with actin filaments, suggesting that adherens junctions determine the directionality of tight junction spikes. Dynamin-2 was associated with junctional claudin-18 and ZO-1, but showed little localization with β-catenin and tight junction spikes. Treatment with Dynasore decreased the number of tight junction spikes/cell, increased tight junction spike length, and stimulated actin to redistribute to cortical tight junctions. By contrast, Dynole 34-2 and MiTMAB altered β-catenin localization, and reduced tight junction spike length. These data suggest a novel role for dynamin-2 in tight junction spike formation by reorienting junction-associated actin. Moreover, the greater spatial separation of adherens and tight junctions in squamous alveolar epithelial cells as compared with columnar epithelial cells facilitates analysis of molecular regulation of the apical junctional complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sabrina Lynn
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Kristen F Easley
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Francisco J Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Ryan C Reed
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Barbara Schlingmann
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
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9
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A junctional PACSIN2/EHD4/MICAL-L1 complex coordinates VE-cadherin trafficking for endothelial migration and angiogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2610. [PMID: 33972531 PMCID: PMC8110786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenic sprouting relies on collective migration and coordinated rearrangements of endothelial leader and follower cells. VE-cadherin-based adherens junctions have emerged as key cell-cell contacts that transmit forces between cells and trigger signals during collective cell migration in angiogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that govern these processes and their functional importance for vascular development still remain unknown. We previously showed that the F-BAR protein PACSIN2 is recruited to tensile asymmetric adherens junctions between leader and follower cells. Here we report that PACSIN2 mediates the formation of endothelial sprouts during angiogenesis by coordinating collective migration. We show that PACSIN2 recruits the trafficking regulators EHD4 and MICAL-L1 to the rear end of asymmetric adherens junctions to form a recycling endosome-like tubular structure. The junctional PACSIN2/EHD4/MICAL-L1 complex controls local VE-cadherin trafficking and thereby coordinates polarized endothelial migration and angiogenesis. Our findings reveal a molecular event at force-dependent asymmetric adherens junctions that occurs during the tug-of-war between endothelial leader and follower cells, and allows for junction-based guidance during collective migration in angiogenesis. Communication between endothelial leader and follower cells during collective cell migration is crucial for vascular development. Here, the authors show that PACSIN2 guides collective cell migration and angiogenesis by recruiting a protein trafficking complex to asymmetric cell-cell junctions, controlling local junction plasticity.
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10
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Monster JL, Donker L, Vliem MJ, Win Z, Matthews HK, Cheah JS, Yamada S, de Rooij J, Baum B, Gloerich M. An asymmetric junctional mechanoresponse coordinates mitotic rounding with epithelial integrity. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202001042. [PMID: 33688935 PMCID: PMC7953256 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202001042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelia are continuously self-renewed, but how epithelial integrity is maintained during the morphological changes that cells undergo in mitosis is not well understood. Here, we show that as epithelial cells round up when they enter mitosis, they exert tensile forces on neighboring cells. We find that mitotic cell-cell junctions withstand these tensile forces through the mechanosensitive recruitment of the actin-binding protein vinculin to cadherin-based adhesions. Surprisingly, vinculin that is recruited to mitotic junctions originates selectively from the neighbors of mitotic cells, resulting in an asymmetric composition of cadherin junctions. Inhibition of junctional vinculin recruitment in neighbors of mitotic cells results in junctional breakage and weakened epithelial barrier. Conversely, the absence of vinculin from the cadherin complex in mitotic cells is necessary to successfully undergo mitotic rounding. Our data thus identify an asymmetric mechanoresponse at cadherin adhesions during mitosis, which is essential to maintain epithelial integrity while at the same time enable the shape changes of mitotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooske L. Monster
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Donker
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein J. Vliem
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Zaw Win
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Helen K. Matthews
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joleen S. Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Soichiro Yamada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Johan de Rooij
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Buzz Baum
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martijn Gloerich
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Zakirov B, Charalambous G, Thuret R, Aspalter IM, Van-Vuuren K, Mead T, Harrington K, Regan ER, Herbert SP, Bentley K. Active perception during angiogenesis: filopodia speed up Notch selection of tip cells in silico and in vivo. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190753. [PMID: 33550953 PMCID: PMC7934951 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
How do cells make efficient collective decisions during tissue morphogenesis? Humans and other organisms use feedback between movement and sensing known as 'sensorimotor coordination' or 'active perception' to inform behaviour, but active perception has not before been investigated at a cellular level within organs. Here we provide the first proof of concept in silico/in vivo study demonstrating that filopodia (actin-rich, dynamic, finger-like cell membrane protrusions) play an unexpected role in speeding up collective endothelial decisions during the time-constrained process of 'tip cell' selection during blood vessel formation (angiogenesis). We first validate simulation predictions in vivo with live imaging of zebrafish intersegmental vessel growth. Further simulation studies then indicate the effect is due to the coupled positive feedback between movement and sensing on filopodia conferring a bistable switch-like property to Notch lateral inhibition, ensuring tip selection is a rapid and robust process. We then employ measures from computational neuroscience to assess whether filopodia function as a primitive (basal) form of active perception and find evidence in support. By viewing cell behaviour through the 'basal cognitive lens' we acquire a fresh perspective on the tip cell selection process, revealing a hidden, yet vital time-keeping role for filopodia. Finally, we discuss a myriad of new and exciting research directions stemming from our conceptual approach to interpreting cell behaviour. This article is part of the theme issue 'Basal cognition: multicellularity, neurons and the cognitive lens'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahti Zakirov
- Cellular Adaptive Behaviour Lab, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Informatics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Georgios Charalambous
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Raphael Thuret
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Irene M. Aspalter
- Cellular Adaptive Behaviour Lab, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kelvin Van-Vuuren
- Cellular Adaptive Behaviour Lab, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Thomas Mead
- Cellular Adaptive Behaviour Lab, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Informatics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kyle Harrington
- Virtual Technology and Design, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erzsébet Ravasz Regan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Shane Paul Herbert
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Katie Bentley
- Cellular Adaptive Behaviour Lab, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Informatics, King's College London, London, UK
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Mesarec L, Drab M, Penič S, Kralj-Iglič V, Iglič A. On the Role of Curved Membrane Nanodomains, and Passive and Active Skeleton Forces in the Determination of Cell Shape and Membrane Budding. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2348. [PMID: 33652934 PMCID: PMC7956631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes are composed of isotropic and anisotropic curved nanodomains. Anisotropic membrane components, such as Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) superfamily protein domains, could trigger/facilitate the growth of membrane tubular protrusions, while isotropic curved nanodomains may induce undulated (necklace-like) membrane protrusions. We review the role of isotropic and anisotropic membrane nanodomains in stability of tubular and undulated membrane structures generated or stabilized by cyto- or membrane-skeleton. We also describe the theory of spontaneous self-assembly of isotropic curved membrane nanodomains and derive the critical concentration above which the spontaneous necklace-like membrane protrusion growth is favorable. We show that the actin cytoskeleton growth inside the vesicle or cell can change its equilibrium shape, induce higher degree of segregation of membrane nanodomains or even alter the average orientation angle of anisotropic nanodomains such as BAR domains. These effects may indicate whether the actin cytoskeleton role is only to stabilize membrane protrusions or to generate them by stretching the vesicle membrane. Furthermore, we demonstrate that by taking into account the in-plane orientational ordering of anisotropic membrane nanodomains, direct interactions between them and the extrinsic (deviatoric) curvature elasticity, it is possible to explain the experimentally observed stability of oblate (discocyte) shapes of red blood cells in a broad interval of cell reduced volume. Finally, we present results of numerical calculations and Monte-Carlo simulations which indicate that the active forces of membrane skeleton and cytoskeleton applied to plasma membrane may considerably influence cell shape and membrane budding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Mesarec
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.M.); (M.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Mitja Drab
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.M.); (M.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Samo Penič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.M.); (M.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aleš Iglič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.M.); (M.D.); (S.P.)
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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13
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Grimsley-Myers CM, Isaacson RH, Cadwell CM, Campos J, Hernandes MS, Myers KR, Seo T, Giang W, Griendling KK, Kowalczyk AP. VE-cadherin endocytosis controls vascular integrity and patterning during development. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:151601. [PMID: 32232465 PMCID: PMC7199849 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201909081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue morphogenesis requires dynamic intercellular contacts that are subsequently stabilized as tissues mature. The mechanisms governing these competing adhesive properties are not fully understood. Using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we tested the role of p120-catenin (p120) and VE-cadherin (VE-cad) endocytosis in vascular development using mouse mutants that exhibit increased (VE-cadGGG/GGG) or decreased (VE-cadDEE/DEE) internalization. VE-cadGGG/GGG mutant mice exhibited reduced VE-cad-p120 binding, reduced VE-cad levels, microvascular hemorrhaging, and decreased survival. By contrast, VE-cadDEE/DEE mutants exhibited normal vascular permeability but displayed microvascular patterning defects. Interestingly, VE-cadDEE/DEE mutant mice did not require endothelial p120, demonstrating that p120 is dispensable in the context of a stabilized cadherin. In vitro, VE-cadDEE mutant cells displayed defects in polarization and cell migration that were rescued by uncoupling VE-cadDEE from actin. These results indicate that cadherin endocytosis coordinates cell polarity and migration cues through actin remodeling. Collectively, our results indicate that regulated cadherin endocytosis is essential for both dynamic cell movements and establishment of stable tissue architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin H Isaacson
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Chantel M Cadwell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jazmin Campos
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Marina S Hernandes
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kenneth R Myers
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Tadahiko Seo
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - William Giang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Andrew P Kowalczyk
- Department of Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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14
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The MARCH6-SQLE Axis Controls Endothelial Cholesterol Homeostasis and Angiogenic Sprouting. Cell Rep 2020; 32:107944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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15
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Lynn KS, Peterson RJ, Koval M. Ruffles and spikes: Control of tight junction morphology and permeability by claudins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183339. [PMID: 32389670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial barrier function is regulated by a family of transmembrane proteins known as claudins. Functional tight junctions are formed when claudins interact with other transmembrane proteins, cytosolic scaffold proteins and the actin cytoskeleton. The predominant scaffold protein, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), directly binds to most claudin C-terminal domains, crosslinking them to the actin cytoskeleton. When imaged by immunofluorescence microscopy, tight junctions most frequently are linear structures that form between tricellular junctions. However, tight junctions also adapt non-linear architectures exhibiting either a ruffled or spiked morphology, which both are responses to changes in claudin engagement of actin filaments. Other terms for ruffled tight junctions include wavy, tortuous, undulating, serpentine or zig-zag junctions. Ruffling is under the control of hypoxia induced factor (HIF) and integrin-mediated signaling, as well as direct mechanical stimulation. Tight junction ruffling is specifically enhanced by claudin-2, antagonized by claudin-1 and requires claudin binding to ZO-1. Tight junction spikes are sites of active vesicle budding and fusion that appear as perpendicular projections oriented towards the nucleus. Spikes share molecular features with focal adherens junctions and tubulobulbar complexes found in Sertoli cells. Lung epithelial cells under stress form spikes due to an increase in claudin-5 expression that directly disrupts claudin-18/ZO-1 interactions. Together this suggests that claudins are not simply passive cargoes controlled by scaffold proteins. We propose a model where claudins specifically influence tight junction scaffold proteins to control interactions with the cytoskeleton as a mechanism that regulates tight junction assembly and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sabrina Lynn
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Raven J Peterson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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16
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Angulo-Urarte A, van der Wal T, Huveneers S. Cell-cell junctions as sensors and transducers of mechanical forces. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183316. [PMID: 32360073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial and endothelial monolayers are multicellular sheets that form barriers between the 'outside' and 'inside' of tissues. Cell-cell junctions, made by adherens junctions, tight junctions and desmosomes, hold together these monolayers. They form intercellular contacts by binding their receptor counterparts on neighboring cells and anchoring these structures intracellularly to the cytoskeleton. During tissue development, maintenance and pathogenesis, monolayers encounter a range of mechanical forces from the cells themselves and from external systemic forces, such as blood pressure or tissue stiffness. The molecular landscape of cell-cell junctions is diverse, containing transmembrane proteins that form intercellular bonds and a variety of cytoplasmic proteins that remodel the junctional connection to the cytoskeleton. Many junction-associated proteins participate in mechanotransduction cascades to confer mechanical cues into cellular responses that allow monolayers to maintain their structural integrity. We will discuss force-dependent junctional molecular events and their role in cell-cell contact organization and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Angulo-Urarte
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanne van der Wal
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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17
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Gasilina A, Vitali T, Luo R, Jian X, Randazzo PA. The ArfGAP ASAP1 Controls Actin Stress Fiber Organization via Its N-BAR Domain. iScience 2019; 22:166-180. [PMID: 31785555 PMCID: PMC6889188 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ASAP1 is a multi-domain ArfGAP that controls cell migration, spreading, and focal adhesion dynamics. Although its GAP activity contributes to remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, it does not fully explain all cellular functions of ASAP1. Here we find that ASAP1 regulates actin filament assembly directly through its N-BAR domain and controls stress fiber maintenance. ASAP1 depletion caused defects in stress fiber organization. Conversely, overexpression of ASAP1 enhanced actin remodeling. The BAR-PH fragment was sufficient to affect actin. ASAP1 with the BAR domain replaced with the BAR domain of the related ACAP1 did not affect actin. The BAR-PH tandem of ASAP1 bound and bundled actin filaments directly, whereas the presence of the ArfGAP and the C-terminal linker/SH3 domain reduced binding and bundling of filaments by BAR-PH. Together these data provide evidence that ASAP1 may regulate the actin cytoskeleton through direct interaction of the BAR-PH domain with actin filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjelika Gasilina
- Section on Regulation of Ras Superfamily, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 37, Rm. 2042, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Teresa Vitali
- Section on Regulation of Ras Superfamily, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 37, Rm. 2042, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ruibai Luo
- Section on Regulation of Ras Superfamily, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 37, Rm. 2042, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaoying Jian
- Section on Regulation of Ras Superfamily, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 37, Rm. 2042, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul A Randazzo
- Section on Regulation of Ras Superfamily, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 37, Rm. 2042, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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18
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Abstract
The endothelium physically separates blood from surrounding tissue and yet allows for the regulated passage of nutrients, waste, and leukocytes into and out of the circulation. Trans-endothelium flux occurs across endothelial cells (transcellular) and between endothelial cells (paracellular). Paracellular endothelial barrier function depends on the regulation of cell-cell junctions. Interestingly, a functional relationship between cell-cell junctions and cell-matrix adhesions has long been appreciated but the molecular mechanisms underpinning this relationship are not fully understood. Here we review the evidence that supports the notion that cell-matrix interactions contribute to the regulation of cell-cell junctions, focusing primarily on the important adherens junction protein VE-cadherin. In particular, we will discuss recent insights gained into how integrin signaling impacts VE-cadherin stability in adherens junctions and endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi E Pulous
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center (FEP, BGP) and Cancer Biology Graduate Program (FEP), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brian G Petrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center (FEP, BGP) and Cancer Biology Graduate Program (FEP), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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19
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Gómez-Escudero J, Clemente C, García-Weber D, Acín-Pérez R, Millán J, Enríquez JA, Bentley K, Carmeliet P, Arroyo AG. PKM2 regulates endothelial cell junction dynamics and angiogenesis via ATP production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15022. [PMID: 31636306 PMCID: PMC6803685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, occurs in pathophysiological contexts such as wound healing, cancer, and chronic inflammatory disease. During sprouting angiogenesis, endothelial tip and stalk cells coordinately remodel their cell-cell junctions to allow collective migration and extension of the sprout while maintaining barrier integrity. All these processes require energy, and the predominant ATP generation route in endothelial cells is glycolysis. However, it remains unclear how ATP reaches the plasma membrane and intercellular junctions. In this study, we demonstrate that the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) is required for sprouting angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo through the regulation of endothelial cell-junction dynamics and collective migration. We show that PKM2-silencing decreases ATP required for proper VE-cadherin internalization/traffic at endothelial cell-cell junctions. Our study provides fresh insight into the role of ATP subcellular compartmentalization in endothelial cells during angiogenesis. Since manipulation of EC glycolysis constitutes a potential therapeutic intervention route, particularly in tumors and chronic inflammatory disease, these findings may help to refine the targeting of endothelial glycolytic activity in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Gómez-Escudero
- Vascular Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC). Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Biology Department, Barts Cancer Institute, John´s Vane Centre, Queen Mary´s University of London. Charterhouse Sq, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Cristina Clemente
- Vascular Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC). Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC). Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego García-Weber
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Acín-Pérez
- Myocardial Pathology Areas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC). Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Enríquez
- Myocardial Pathology Areas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC). Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katie Bentley
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cellular Adaptive Behaviour Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongsan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alicia G Arroyo
- Vascular Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC). Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC). Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Abstract
Cell-cell junctions are specializations of the plasma membrane responsible for physically integrating cells into tissues. We are now beginning to appreciate the diverse impacts that mechanical forces exert upon the integrity and function of these junctions. Currently, this is best understood for cadherin-based adherens junctions in epithelia and endothelia, where cell-cell adhesion couples the contractile cytoskeletons of cells together to generate tissue-scale tension. Junctional tension participates in morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Changes in tension can also be detected by mechanotransduction pathways that allow cells to communicate with each other. In this review, we discuss progress in characterising the forces present at junctions in physiological conditions; the cellular mechanisms that generate intrinsic tension and detect changes in tension; and, finally, we consider how tissue integrity is maintained in the face of junctional stresses.
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21
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Ebrahimkutty MP, Galic M. Receptor‐Free Signaling at Curved Cellular Membranes. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900068. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirsana P. Ebrahimkutty
- DFG Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”University of Muenster Muenster 48149 Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and BiophysicsUniversity of Muenster Muenster 48149 Germany
- CIM‐IMRPS Graduate School Muenster 48149 Germany
| | - Milos Galic
- DFG Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”University of Muenster Muenster 48149 Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and BiophysicsUniversity of Muenster Muenster 48149 Germany
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22
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Ogi S, Matsuda A, Otsuka Y, Liu Z, Satoh T, Satoh AK. Syndapin constricts microvillar necks to form a united rhabdomere in Drosophila photoreceptors. Development 2019; 146:dev.169292. [PMID: 31371377 DOI: 10.1242/dev.169292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila photoreceptors develop from polarized epithelial cells that have apical and basolateral membranes. During morphogenesis, the apical membranes subdivide into a united bundle of photosensory microvilli (rhabdomeres) and a surrounding supporting membrane (stalk). By EMS-induced mutagenesis screening, we found that the F-Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) protein syndapin is essential for apical membrane segregation. The analysis of the super-resolution microscopy, STORM and the electron microscopy suggest that syndapin localizes to the neck of the microvilli at the base of the rhabdomere. Syndapin and moesin are required to constrict the neck of the microvilli to organize the membrane architecture at the base of the rhabdomere, to exclude the stalk membrane. Simultaneous loss of syndapin along with the microvilli adhesion molecule chaoptin significantly enhanced the disruption of stalk-rhabdomere segregation. However, loss of the factors involving endocytosis do not interfere. These results indicated syndapin is most likely functioning through its membrane curvature properties, and not through endocytic processes for stalk-rhabdomere segregation. Elucidation of the mechanism of this unconventional domain formation will provide novel insights into the field of cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Ogi
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuda
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Advanced ICT Research Institute, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2492, Japan
| | - Yuna Otsuka
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Ziguang Liu
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.,Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xuefu Road No. 368, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150-086, China
| | - Takunori Satoh
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Akiko K Satoh
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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23
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Sanderlin AG, Vondrak C, Scricco AJ, Fedrigo I, Ahyong V, Lamason RL. RNAi screen reveals a role for PACSIN2 and caveolins during bacterial cell-to-cell spread. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:2124-2133. [PMID: 31242077 PMCID: PMC6743452 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-04-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a human bacterial pathogen that disseminates through host tissues using a process called cell-to-cell spread. This critical yet understudied virulence strategy resembles a vesicular form of intercellular trafficking that allows L. monocytogenes to move between host cells without escaping the cell. Interestingly, eukaryotic cells can also directly exchange cellular components via intercellular communication pathways (e.g., trans-endocytosis) using cell–cell adhesion, membrane trafficking, and membrane remodeling proteins. Therefore, we hypothesized that L. monocytogenes would hijack these types of host proteins during spread. Using a focused RNA interference screen, we identified 22 host genes that are important for L. monocytogenes spread. We then found that caveolins (CAV1 and CAV2) and the membrane sculpting F-BAR protein PACSIN2 promote L. monocytogenes protrusion engulfment during spread, and that PACSIN2 specifically localizes to protrusions. Overall, our study demonstrates that host intercellular communication pathways may be coopted during bacterial spread and that specific trafficking and membrane remodeling proteins promote bacterial protrusion resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen G Sanderlin
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Cassandra Vondrak
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Arianna J Scricco
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Indro Fedrigo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Vida Ahyong
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Rebecca L Lamason
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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24
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Juettner VV, Kruse K, Dan A, Vu VH, Khan Y, Le J, Leckband D, Komarova Y, Malik AB. VE-PTP stabilizes VE-cadherin junctions and the endothelial barrier via a phosphatase-independent mechanism. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:1725-1742. [PMID: 30948425 PMCID: PMC6504901 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Juettner et al. describe a novel phosphatase-activity–independent mechanism by which the phosphatase VE-PTP restricts endothelial permeability. VE-PTP functions as a scaffold that binds and inhibits the RhoGEF GEF-H1, limiting RhoA-dependent tension across VE-cadherin junctions and decreasing VE-cadherin internalization to stabilize adherens junctions and reduce endothelial permeability. Vascular endothelial (VE) protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) is an endothelial-specific phosphatase that stabilizes VE-cadherin junctions. Although studies have focused on the role of VE-PTP in dephosphorylating VE-cadherin in the activated endothelium, little is known of VE-PTP’s role in the quiescent endothelial monolayer. Here, we used the photoconvertible fluorescent protein VE-cadherin-Dendra2 to monitor VE-cadherin dynamics at adherens junctions (AJs) in confluent endothelial monolayers. We discovered that VE-PTP stabilizes VE-cadherin junctions by reducing the rate of VE-cadherin internalization independently of its phosphatase activity. VE-PTP serves as an adaptor protein that through binding and inhibiting the RhoGEF GEF-H1 modulates RhoA activity and tension across VE-cadherin junctions. Overexpression of the VE-PTP cytosolic domain mutant interacting with GEF-H1 in VE-PTP–depleted endothelial cells reduced GEF-H1 activity and restored VE-cadherin dynamics at AJs. Thus, VE-PTP stabilizes VE-cadherin junctions and restricts endothelial permeability by inhibiting GEF-H1, thereby limiting RhoA signaling at AJs and reducing the VE-cadherin internalization rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa V Juettner
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Kevin Kruse
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Arkaprava Dan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois College of Engineering at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Vinh H Vu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois College of Engineering at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Yousaf Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Jonathan Le
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Deborah Leckband
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois College of Engineering at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Yulia Komarova
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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25
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Pulous FE, Grimsley-Myers CM, Kansal S, Kowalczyk AP, Petrich BG. Talin-Dependent Integrin Activation Regulates VE-Cadherin Localization and Endothelial Cell Barrier Function. Circ Res 2019; 124:891-903. [PMID: 30707047 PMCID: PMC6521868 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.314560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Endothelial barrier function depends on the proper localization and function of the adherens junction protein VE (vascular endothelial)-cadherin. Previous studies have suggested a functional relationship between integrin-mediated adhesion complexes and VE-cadherin yet the underlying molecular links are unclear. Binding of the cytoskeletal adaptor protein talin to the β-integrin cytoplasmic domain is a key final step in regulating the affinity of integrins for extracellular ligands (activation) but the role of integrin activation in VE-cadherin mediated endothelial barrier function is unknown. OBJECTIVE To test the requirement of talin-dependent activation of β1 integrin in VE-cadherin organization and endothelial cell (EC) barrier function. METHODS AND RESULTS EC-specific deletion of talin in adult mice resulted in impaired stability of intestinal microvascular blood vessels, hemorrhage, and death. Talin-deficient endothelium showed altered VE-cadherin organization at EC junctions in vivo. shRNA (short hairpin RNA)-mediated knockdown of talin1 expression in cultured ECs led to increased radial actin stress fibers, increased adherens junction width and increased endothelial monolayer permeability measured by electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing. Restoring β1-integrin activation in talin-deficient cells with a β1-integrin activating antibody normalized both VE-cadherin organization and EC barrier function. In addition, VE-cadherin organization was normalized by reexpression of talin or integrin activating talin head domain but not a talin head domain mutant that is selectively deficient in activating integrins. CONCLUSIONS Talin-dependent activation of EC β1-integrin stabilizes VE-cadherin at endothelial junctions and promotes endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi E Pulous
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center (F.E.P., S.K., B.G.P.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program (F.E.P.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Shevali Kansal
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center (F.E.P., S.K., B.G.P.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Andrew P Kowalczyk
- Winship Cancer Institute (A.P.K.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Dermatology (A.P.K.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Brian G Petrich
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center (F.E.P., S.K., B.G.P.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Khalil AA, de Rooij J. Cadherin mechanotransduction in leader-follower cell specification during collective migration. Exp Cell Res 2019; 376:86-91. [PMID: 30633881 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Collective invasion drives the spread of multicellular cancer groups, into the normal tissue surrounding several epithelial tumors. Collective invasion recapitulates various aspects of the multicellular organization and collective migration that take place during normal development and repair. Collective migration starts with the specification of leader cells in which a polarized, migratory phenotype is established. Leader cells initiate and organize the migration of follower cells, to allow the group of cells to move as a cohesive and polarized unit. Leader-follower specification is essential for coordinated and directional collective movement. Forces exerted by cohesive cells represent key signals that dictate multicellular coordination and directionality. Physical forces originate from the contraction of the actomyosin cytoskeleton, which is linked between cells via cadherin-based cell-cell junctions. The cadherin complex senses and transduces fluctuations in forces into biochemical signals that regulate processes like cell proliferation, motility and polarity. With cadherin junctions being maintained in most collective movements the cadherin complex is ideally positioned to integrate mechanical information into the organization of collective cell migration. Here we discuss the potential roles of cadherin mechanotransduction in the diverse aspects of leader versus follower cell specification during collective migration and neoplastic invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine A Khalil
- Dept. Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Stratenum 3.231, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johan de Rooij
- Dept. Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Stratenum 3.231, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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27
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Cao J, Schnittler H. Putting VE-cadherin into JAIL for junction remodeling. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/1/jcs222893. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Junction dynamics of endothelial cells are based on the integration of signal transduction, cytoskeletal remodeling and contraction, which are necessary for the formation and maintenance of monolayer integrity, but also enable repair and regeneration. The VE-cadherin–catenin complex forms the molecular basis of the adherence junctions and cooperates closely with actin filaments. Several groups have recently described small actin-driven protrusions at the cell junctions that are controlled by the Arp2/3 complex, contributing to cell junction regulation. We identified these protrusions as the driving force for VE-cadherin dynamics, as they directly induce new VE-cadherin-mediated adhesion sites, and have accordingly referred to these structures as junction-associated intermittent lamellipodia (JAIL). JAIL extend over only a few microns and thus provide the basis for a subcellular regulation of adhesion. The local (subcellular) VE-cadherin concentration and JAIL formation are directly interdependent, which enables autoregulation. Therefore, this mechanism can contribute a subcellularly regulated adaptation of cell contact dynamics, and is therefore of great importance for monolayer integrity and relative cell migration during wound healing and angiogenesis, as well as for inflammatory responses. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms and functions underlying these actin-driven protrusions and consider their contribution to the dynamic regulation of endothelial cell junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Cao
- Institute of Anatomy and Vascular Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster Germany
| | - Hans Schnittler
- Institute of Anatomy and Vascular Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster Germany
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28
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Bibli SI, Hu J, Sigala F, Wittig I, Heidler J, Zukunft S, Tsilimigras DI, Randriamboavonjy V, Wittig J, Kojonazarov B, Schürmann C, Siragusa M, Siuda D, Luck B, Abdel Malik R, Filis KA, Zografos G, Chen C, Wang DW, Pfeilschifter J, Brandes RP, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A, Fleming I. Cystathionine γ Lyase Sulfhydrates the RNA Binding Protein Human Antigen R to Preserve Endothelial Cell Function and Delay Atherogenesis. Circulation 2019; 139:101-114. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.034757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Jiong Hu
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Fragiska Sigala
- First Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Division, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece (F.S., D.I.T., K.A.F., G.Z.)
| | - Ilka Wittig
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Juliana Heidler
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit (J.W., J. Heidler), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Sven Zukunft
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Diamantis I. Tsilimigras
- First Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Division, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece (F.S., D.I.T., K.A.F., G.Z.)
| | - Voahanginirina Randriamboavonjy
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Janina Wittig
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit (J.W., J. Heidler), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University, Germany (B.K.)
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (C. Schürmann, R.P.B.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Mauro Siragusa
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Daniel Siuda
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Bert Luck
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Randa Abdel Malik
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
| | - Konstantinos A. Filis
- First Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Division, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece (F.S., D.I.T., K.A.F., G.Z.)
| | - George Zografos
- First Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Division, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece (F.S., D.I.T., K.A.F., G.Z.)
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gene Therapy Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (C.C., D.W.W.)
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Pharmacentre Frankfurt/Zentrum für Arzneimittelforschung, Entwicklung und –Sicherheit (J.P.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf P. Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (C. Schürmann, R.P.B.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (C. Szabo)
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (A.P.)
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece (A.P.)
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (S.-I.B., J. Hu, S.Z., V.R., J.W., M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., I.F.), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (S.-I.B., J. Hu, I.W., J. Heidler, S.Z., V.R., J.W., C. Schürmann, M.S., D.S., B.L., R.A.M., R.P.B., I.F.)
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29
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Szymborska A, Gerhardt H. Hold Me, but Not Too Tight-Endothelial Cell-Cell Junctions in Angiogenesis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a029223. [PMID: 28851748 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell-cell junctions must perform seemingly incompatible tasks during vascular development-providing stable connections that prevent leakage, while allowing dynamic cellular rearrangements during sprouting, anastomosis, lumen formation, and functional remodeling of the vascular network. This review aims to highlight recent insights into the molecular mechanisms governing endothelial cell-cell adhesion in the context of vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szymborska
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
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30
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Malinova TS, Huveneers S. Sensing of Cytoskeletal Forces by Asymmetric Adherens Junctions. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:328-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Neto F, Klaus-Bergmann A, Ong YT, Alt S, Vion AC, Szymborska A, Carvalho JR, Hollfinger I, Bartels-Klein E, Franco CA, Potente M, Gerhardt H. YAP and TAZ regulate adherens junction dynamics and endothelial cell distribution during vascular development. eLife 2018; 7:31037. [PMID: 29400648 PMCID: PMC5814147 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of blood vessel networks by sprouting angiogenesis is critical for tissue growth, homeostasis and regeneration. How endothelial cells arise in adequate numbers and arrange suitably to shape functional vascular networks is poorly understood. Here we show that YAP/TAZ promote stretch-induced proliferation and rearrangements of endothelial cells whilst preventing bleeding in developing vessels. Mechanistically, YAP/TAZ increase the turnover of VE-Cadherin and the formation of junction associated intermediate lamellipodia, promoting both cell migration and barrier function maintenance. This is achieved in part by lowering BMP signalling. Consequently, the loss of YAP/TAZ in the mouse leads to stunted sprouting with local aggregation as well as scarcity of endothelial cells, branching irregularities and junction defects. Forced nuclear activity of TAZ instead drives hypersprouting and vascular hyperplasia. We propose a new model in which YAP/TAZ integrate mechanical signals with BMP signaling to maintain junctional compliance and integrity whilst balancing endothelial cell rearrangements in angiogenic vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Neto
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Vascular Biology Laboratory, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London Research Institute - Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Klaus-Bergmann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yu Ting Ong
- Angiogenesis and Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Silvanus Alt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne-Clémence Vion
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Szymborska
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joana R Carvalho
- Vascular Morphogenesis Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Eireen Bartels-Klein
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudio A Franco
- Vascular Morphogenesis Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Michael Potente
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.,Angiogenesis and Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Vascular Biology Laboratory, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London Research Institute - Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.,Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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32
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Radeva MY, Waschke J. Mind the gap: mechanisms regulating the endothelial barrier. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28231640 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The endothelial barrier consists of intercellular contacts localized in the cleft between endothelial cells, which is covered by the glycocalyx in a sievelike manner. Both types of barrier-forming junctions, i.e. the adherens junction (AJ) serving mechanical anchorage and mechanotransduction and the tight junction (TJ) sealing the intercellular space to limit paracellular permeability, are tethered to the actin cytoskeleton. Under resting conditions, the endothelium thereby builds a selective layer controlling the exchange of fluid and solutes with the surrounding tissue. However, in the situation of an inflammatory response such as in anaphylaxis or sepsis intercellular contacts disintegrate in post-capillary venules leading to intercellular gap formation. The resulting oedema can cause shock and multi-organ failure. Therefore, maintenance as well as coordinated opening and closure of interendothelial junctions is tightly regulated. The two principle underlying mechanisms comprise spatiotemporal activity control of the small GTPases Rac1 and RhoA and the balance of the phosphorylation state of AJ proteins. In the resting state, junctional Rac1 and RhoA activity is enhanced by junctional components, actin-binding proteins, cAMP signalling and extracellular cues such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1). In addition, phosphorylation of AJ components is prevented by junction-associated phosphatases including vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP). In contrast, inflammatory mediators inhibiting cAMP/Rac1 signalling cause strong activation of RhoA and induce AJ phosphorylation finally leading to endocytosis and cleavage of VE-cadherin. This results in dissolution of TJs the outcome of which is endothelial barrier breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Y. Radeva
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - J. Waschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Munich Germany
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33
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34
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Bembenek JN, Meshik X, Tsarouhas V. Meeting report - Cellular dynamics: membrane-cytoskeleton interface. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2775-2779. [PMID: 29360626 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.208660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first ever 'Cellular Dynamics' meeting on the membrane-cytoskeleton interface took place in Southbridge, MA on May 21-24, 2017 and was co-organized by Michael Way, Elizabeth Chen, Margaret Gardel and Jennifer Lippincott-Schwarz. Investigators from around the world studying a broad range of related topics shared their insights into the function and regulation of the cytoskeleton and membrane compartments. This provided great opportunities to learn about key questions in various cellular processes, from the basic organization and operation of the cell to higher-order interactions in adhesion, migration, metastasis, division and immune cell interactions in different model organisms. This unique and diverse mix of research interests created a stimulating and educational meeting that will hopefully continue to be a successful meeting for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N Bembenek
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Xenia Meshik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vasilios Tsarouhas
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Hayer A, Shao L, Chung M, Joubert LM, Yang HW, Tsai FC, Bisaria A, Betzig E, Meyer T. Engulfed cadherin fingers are polarized junctional structures between collectively migrating endothelial cells. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:1311-1323. [PMID: 27842057 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development and maintenance of tissues requires collective cell movement, during which neighbouring cells coordinate the polarity of their migration machineries. Here, we ask how polarity signals are transmitted from one cell to another across symmetrical cadherin junctions, during collective migration. We demonstrate that collectively migrating endothelial cells have polarized VE-cadherin-rich membrane protrusions, 'cadherin fingers', which leading cells extend from their rear and follower cells engulf at their front, thereby generating opposite membrane curvatures and asymmetric recruitment of curvature-sensing proteins. In follower cells, engulfment of cadherin fingers occurs along with the formation of a lamellipodia-like zone with low actomyosin contractility, and requires VE-cadherin/catenin complexes and Arp2/3-driven actin polymerization. Lateral accumulation of cadherin fingers in follower cells precedes turning, and increased actomyosin contractility can initiate cadherin finger extension as well as engulfment by a neighbouring cell, to promote follower behaviour. We propose that cadherin fingers serve as guidance cues that direct collective cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Hayer
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Lin Shao
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA
| | - Mingyu Chung
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Lydia-Marie Joubert
- Cell Sciences Imaging Facility, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Hee Won Yang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Feng-Chiao Tsai
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Anjali Bisaria
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Eric Betzig
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA
| | - Tobias Meyer
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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