1
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Kim N, Li Y, Yu R, Kwon HS, Song A, Jun MH, Jeong JY, Lee JH, Lim HH, Kim MJ, Kim JW, Oh WJ. Repulsive Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling coordinates both axonal extension and steering via activating an autoregulatory factor, Mtss1. eLife 2024; 13:e96891. [PMID: 38526535 PMCID: PMC11001299 DOI: 10.7554/elife.96891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Axon guidance molecules are critical for neuronal pathfinding because they regulate directionality and growth pace during nervous system development. However, the molecular mechanisms coordinating proper axonal extension and turning are poorly understood. Here, metastasis suppressor 1 (Mtss1), a membrane protrusion protein, ensured axonal extension while sensitizing axons to the Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E)-Plexin-D1 repulsive cue. Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling enhanced Mtss1 expression in projecting striatonigral neurons. Mtss1 localized to the neurite axonal side and regulated neurite outgrowth in cultured neurons. Mtss1 also aided Plexin-D1 trafficking to the growth cone, where it signaled a repulsive cue to Sema3E. Mtss1 ablation reduced neurite extension and growth cone collapse in cultured neurons. Mtss1-knockout mice exhibited fewer striatonigral projections and irregular axonal routes, and these defects were recapitulated in Plxnd1- or Sema3e-knockout mice. These findings demonstrate that repulsive axon guidance activates an exquisite autoregulatory program coordinating both axonal extension and steering during neuronal pathfinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namsuk Kim
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Yan Li
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Ri Yu
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Shin Kwon
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Anji Song
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Jun
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Jeong
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and TechnologyDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ho Lim
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Won-Jong Oh
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
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2
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Garg R, Endzhievskaya S, Williamson M. B-type Plexins promote the GTPase activity of Ran to affect androgen receptor nuclear translocation in prostate cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1513-1523. [PMID: 37563360 PMCID: PMC10645588 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to anti-androgen therapy for metastatic prostate cancer is a major clinical problem. Sema3C promotes resistance to androgen withdrawal via its receptor, PlexinB1. Activation of PlexinB1 promotes the ligand-independent nuclear translocation of the androgen receptor (AR), which may contribute to resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. However, the mechanism by which PlexinB1 promotes nuclear translocation is unclear. We show here that PlexinB1 and B2 regulate nuclear import by acting as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for the small RasGTPase Ran, a key regulator of nuclear trafficking. Purified PlexinB1/B2 protein catalyses the hydrolysis of RanGTP, and mutations in the GAP domain of PlexinB1 inhibit this activity. Activation of PlexinB1/B2 with Sema4D decreases the levels of RanGTP, while PlexinB1 or B2 depletion increases the levels of activated Ran in the cell. Ran directly associates with B-type plexins in a GTP-dependent manner. Sema4D is internalised by endocytosis, and PlexinB1 and Ran display overlapping patterns of expression. Furthermore, Sema4D/PlexinB1-induced AR nuclear translocation is dependent on the GAP domain of PlexinB1 and is blocked by the expression of non-functional Ran mutants. Depletion of PlexinB1 decreases the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio of Ran, indicative of a higher RanGTP/GDP ratio. Plexins may promote the growth of androgen-independent prostate cancer through their activity as RanGAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Garg
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sofia Endzhievskaya
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Magali Williamson
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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3
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Puig S, Xue X, Salisbury R, Shelton MA, Kim SM, Hildebrand MA, Glausier JR, Freyberg Z, Tseng GC, Yocum AK, Lewis DA, Seney ML, MacDonald ML, Logan RW. Circadian rhythm disruptions associated with opioid use disorder in synaptic proteomes of human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4777-4792. [PMID: 37674018 PMCID: PMC10914630 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Opioid craving and relapse vulnerability is associated with severe and persistent sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions. Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of circadian rhythms and opioid use disorder (OUD) may prove valuable for developing new treatments for opioid addiction. Previous work indicated molecular rhythm disruptions in the human brain associated with OUD, highlighting synaptic alterations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc)-key brain regions involved in cognition and reward, and heavily implicated in the pathophysiology of OUD. To provide further insights into the synaptic alterations in OUD, we used mass-spectrometry based proteomics to deeply profile protein expression alterations in bulk tissue and synaptosome preparations from DLPFC and NAc of unaffected and OUD subjects. We identified 55 differentially expressed (DE) proteins in DLPFC homogenates, and 44 DE proteins in NAc homogenates, between unaffected and OUD subjects. In synaptosomes, we identified 161 and 56 DE proteins in DLPFC and NAc, respectively, of OUD subjects. By comparing homogenate and synaptosome protein expression, we identified proteins enriched specifically in synapses that were significantly altered in both DLPFC and NAc of OUD subjects. Across brain regions, synaptic protein alterations in OUD subjects were primarily identified in glutamate, GABA, and circadian rhythm signaling. Using time-of-death (TOD) analyses, where the TOD of each subject is used as a time-point across a 24-h cycle, we were able to map circadian-related changes associated with OUD in synaptic proteomes associated with vesicle-mediated transport and membrane trafficking in the NAc and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta signaling in DLPFC. Collectively, our findings lend further support for molecular rhythm disruptions in synaptic signaling in the human brain as a key factor in opioid addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Puig
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiangning Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Salisbury
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Micah A Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sam-Moon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mariah A Hildebrand
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jill R Glausier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George C Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - David A Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marianne L Seney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matthew L MacDonald
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Ryan W Logan
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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4
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Zheng R, Xu FX, Zhou L, Xu J, Shen Y, Hao K, Wang XT, Deng J. Ablation of KIF2C in Purkinje cells impairs metabotropic glutamate receptor trafficking and motor coordination in male mice. J Physiol 2023; 601:3905-3920. [PMID: 37431690 DOI: 10.1113/jp284214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C)/mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK), is thought to be oncogenic as it is involved in tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, it also plays a part in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease and psychiatric disorders such as suicidal schizophrenia. Our previous study conducted on mice demonstrated that KIF2C is widely distributed in various regions of the brain, and is localized in synaptic spines. Additionally, it regulates microtubule dynamic properties through its own microtubule depolymerization activity, thereby affecting AMPA receptor transport and cognitive behaviour in mice. In this study, we show that KIF2C regulates the transport of mGlu1 receptors in Purkinje cells by binding to Rab8. KIF2C deficiency in Purkinje cells results in abnormal gait, reduced balance ability and motor incoordination in male mice. These data suggest that KIF2C is essential for maintaining normal transport and synaptic function of mGlu1 and motor coordination in mice. KEY POINTS: KIF2C is localized in synaptic spines of hippocampus neurons, and regulates excitatory transmission, synaptic plasticity and cognitive behaviour. KIF2C is extensively expressed in the cerebellum, and we investigated its functions in development and synaptic transmission of cerebellar Purkinje cells. KIF2C deficiency in Purkinje cells alters the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGlu1) and the AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit at Purkinje cell synapses, and changes excitatory synaptic transmission, but not inhibitory transmission. KIF2C regulates the transport of mGlu1 receptors in Purkinje cells by binding to Rab8. KIF2C deficiency in Purkinje cells affects motor coordination, but not social behaviour in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang-Xiao Xu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Ministry of Education Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Ministry of Education Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Xu
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Ministry of Education Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Hao
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Tai Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Deng
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Puig S, Xue X, Salisbury R, Shelton MA, Kim SM, Hildebrand MA, Glausier JR, Freyberg Z, Tseng GC, Yocum AK, Lewis DA, Seney ML, MacDonald ML, Logan RW. Circadian rhythm disruptions associated with opioid use disorder in the synaptic proteomes of the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.07.536056. [PMID: 37066169 PMCID: PMC10104116 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.07.536056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Opioid craving and relapse vulnerability is associated with severe and persistent sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions. Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of circadian rhythms and opioid use disorder (OUD) may prove valuable for developing new treatments for opioid addiction. Previous work indicated molecular rhythm disruptions in the human brain associated with OUD, highlighting synaptic alterations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc)-key brain regions involved in cognition and reward, and heavily implicated in the pathophysiology of OUD. To provide further insights into the synaptic alterations in OUD, we used mass-spectrometry based proteomics to deeply profile protein expression alterations in bulk tissue and synaptosome preparations from DLPFC and NAc of unaffected and OUD subjects. We identified 55 differentially expressed (DE) proteins in DLPFC homogenates, and 44 DE proteins in NAc homogenates, between unaffected and OUD subjects. In synaptosomes, we identified 161 and 56 DE proteins in DLPFC and NAc, respectively, of OUD subjects. By comparing homogenate and synaptosome protein expression, we identified proteins enriched specifically in synapses that were significantly altered in both DLPFC and NAc of OUD subjects. Across brain regions, synaptic protein alterations in OUD subjects were primarily identified in glutamate, GABA, and circadian rhythm signaling. Using time-of-death (TOD) analyses, where the TOD of each subject is used as a time-point across a 24- hour cycle, we were able to map circadian-related changes associated with OUD in synaptic proteomes related to vesicle-mediated transport and membrane trafficking in the NAc and platelet derived growth factor receptor beta signaling in DLPFC. Collectively, our findings lend further support for molecular rhythm disruptions in synaptic signaling in the human brain as a key factor in opioid addiction.
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6
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Cantu-Guerra HL, Papazian MR, Gorsky AL, Alekos NS, Caccavano A, Karagulyan N, Neef J, Vicini S, Moser T, Coate TM. Cochlear hair cell innervation is dependent on a modulatory function of Semaphorin-3A. Dev Dyn 2023; 252:124-144. [PMID: 36284453 PMCID: PMC9812910 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proper connectivity between type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and inner hair cells (IHCs) in the cochlea is necessary for conveying sound information to the brain in mammals. Previous studies have shown that type I SGNs are heterogeneous in form, function and synaptic location on IHCs, but factors controlling their patterns of connectivity are not well understood. RESULTS During development, cochlear supporting cells and SGNs express Semaphorin-3A (SEMA3A), a known axon guidance factor. Mice homozygous for a point mutation that attenuates normal SEMA3A repulsive activity (Sema3aK108N ) show cochleae with grossly normal patterns of IHC innervation. However, genetic sparse labeling and three-dimensional reconstructions of individual SGNs show that cochleae from Sema3aK108N mice lacked the normal synaptic distribution of type I SGNs. Additionally, Sema3aK108N cochleae show a disrupted distribution of GLUA2 postsynaptic patches around the IHCs. The addition of SEMA3A-Fc to postnatal cochleae led to increases in SGN branching, similar to the effects of inhibiting glutamate receptors. Ca2+ imaging studies show that SEMA3A-Fc decreases SGN activity. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to the canonical view of SEMA3A as a guidance ligand, our results suggest SEMA3A may regulate SGN excitability in the cochlea, which may influence the morphology and synaptic arrangement of type I SGNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homero L. Cantu-Guerra
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington,
District of Columbia, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown
University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Michael R. Papazian
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington,
District of Columbia, USA
| | - Anna L. Gorsky
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington,
District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nathalie S. Alekos
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington,
District of Columbia, USA
| | - Adam Caccavano
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown
University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Georgetown University School of
Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nare Karagulyan
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab,
University Medical Center, and Auditory Neuroscience & Synaptic Nanophysiology
Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, and Cluster of
Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of
Excitable Cells” (MBExC), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Neef
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab,
University Medical Center, and Auditory Neuroscience & Synaptic Nanophysiology
Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, and Cluster of
Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of
Excitable Cells” (MBExC), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefano Vicini
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown
University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Georgetown University School of
Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Tobias Moser
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab,
University Medical Center, and Auditory Neuroscience & Synaptic Nanophysiology
Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, and Cluster of
Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of
Excitable Cells” (MBExC), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Coate
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington,
District of Columbia, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown
University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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7
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Chung S, Yang J, Kim HJ, Hwang EM, Lee W, Suh K, Choi H, Mook-Jung I. Plexin-A4 mediates amyloid-β-induced tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease animal model. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 203:102075. [PMID: 34004220 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau are major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies have revealed that Aβ accelerates pathological tau transition and spreading during the disease progression, and that reducing tau can mitigate pathological features of AD. However, molecular links between Aβ and tau pathologies remain elusive. Here, we suggest a novel role for the plexin-A4 as an Aβ receptor that induces aggregated tau pathology. Plexin-A4, previously known as proteins involved in regulating axon guidance and synaptic plasticity, can bound to Aβ with co-receptor, neuropilin-2. Genetic downregulation of plexin-A4 in neurons was sufficient to prevent Aβ-induced activation of CDK5 and reduce tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, even in the presence of Aβ. In an AD mouse model that manifests both Aβ and tau pathologies, genetic downregulation of plexin-A4 in the hippocampus reduced tau pathology and ameliorated spatial memory impairment. Collectively, these results indicate that the plexin-A4 is capable of mediating Aβ-induced tau pathology in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunwoo Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; SNU Dementia Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
| | - Jinhee Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Biorchestra Co., Ltd., Techno 4-ro 17, Daejeon 34013, South Korea.
| | - Haeng Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; SNU Dementia Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
| | - Eun Mi Hwang
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea.
| | - Wonik Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; SNU Dementia Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
| | - Kyujin Suh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; SNU Dementia Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
| | - Hayoung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; SNU Dementia Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea; SNU Dementia Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
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8
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Carulli D, de Winter F, Verhaagen J. Semaphorins in Adult Nervous System Plasticity and Disease. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:672891. [PMID: 34045951 PMCID: PMC8148045 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.672891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins, originally discovered as guidance cues for developing axons, are involved in many processes that shape the nervous system during development, from neuronal proliferation and migration to neuritogenesis and synapse formation. Interestingly, the expression of many Semaphorins persists after development. For instance, Semaphorin 3A is a component of perineuronal nets, the extracellular matrix structures enwrapping certain types of neurons in the adult CNS, which contribute to the closure of the critical period for plasticity. Semaphorin 3G and 4C play a crucial role in the control of adult hippocampal connectivity and memory processes, and Semaphorin 5A and 7A regulate adult neurogenesis. This evidence points to a role of Semaphorins in the regulation of adult neuronal plasticity. In this review, we address the distribution of Semaphorins in the adult nervous system and we discuss their function in physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carulli
- Laboratory for Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fred de Winter
- Laboratory for Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost Verhaagen
- Laboratory for Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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9
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Transcriptomic expression of AMPA receptor subunits and their auxiliary proteins in the human brain. Neurosci Lett 2021; 755:135938. [PMID: 33915226 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Receptors to glutamate of the AMPA type (AMPARs) serve as the major gates of excitation in the human brain, where they participate in fundamental processes underlying perception, cognition and movement. Due to their central role in brain function, dysregulation of these receptors has been implicated in neuropathological states associated with a large variety of diseases that manifest with abnormal behaviors. The participation of functional abnormalities of AMPARs in brain disorders is strongly supported by genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic studies. Most of these studies have focused on the expression and function of the subunits that make up the channel and define AMPARs (GRIA1-GRIA4), as well of some accessory proteins. However, it is increasingly evident that native AMPARs are composed of a complex array of accessory proteins that regulate their trafficking, localization, kinetics and pharmacology, and a better understanding of the diversity and regional expression of these accessory proteins is largely needed. In this review we will provide an update on the state of current knowledge of AMPA receptors subunits in the context of their accessory proteins at the transcriptome level. We also summarize the regional expression in the human brain and its correlation with the channel forming subunits. Finally, we discuss some of the current limitations of transcriptomic analysis and propose potential ways to overcome them.
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10
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FEZ1 Forms Complexes with CRMP1 and DCC to Regulate Axon and Dendrite Development. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0193-20.2021. [PMID: 33771901 PMCID: PMC8174033 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0193-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Elaboration of neuronal processes is an early step in neuronal development. Guidance cues must work closely with intracellular trafficking pathways to direct expanding axons and dendrites to their target neurons during the formation of neuronal networks. However, how such coordination is achieved remains incompletely understood. Here, we characterize an interaction between fasciculation and elongation protein zeta 1 (FEZ1), an adapter involved in synaptic protein transport, and collapsin response mediator protein (CRMP)1, a protein that functions in growth cone guidance, at neuronal growth cones. We show that similar to CRMP1 loss-of-function mutants, FEZ1 deficiency in rat hippocampal neurons causes growth cone collapse and impairs axonal development. Strikingly, FEZ1-deficient neurons also exhibited a reduction in dendritic complexity stronger than that observed in CRMP1-deficient neurons, suggesting that the former could partake in additional developmental signaling pathways. Supporting this, FEZ1 colocalizes with VAMP2 in developing hippocampal neurons and forms a separate complex with deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and Syntaxin-1 (Stx1), components of the Netrin-1 signaling pathway that are also involved in regulating axon and dendrite development. Significantly, developing axons and dendrites of FEZ1-deficient neurons fail to respond to Netrin-1 or Netrin-1 and Sema3A treatment, respectively. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of FEZ1 as a common effector to integrate guidance signaling pathways with intracellular trafficking to mediate axo-dendrite development during neuronal network formation.
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11
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Jitsuki-Takahashi A, Jitsuki S, Yamashita N, Kawamura M, Abe M, Sakimura K, Sano A, Nakamura F, Goshima Y, Takahashi T. Activity-induced secretion of semaphorin 3A mediates learning. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3279-3293. [PMID: 33772906 PMCID: PMC8252788 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The semaphorin family is a well‐characterized family of secreted or membrane‐bound proteins that are involved in activity‐independent neurodevelopmental processes, such as axon guidance, cell migration, and immune functions. Although semaphorins have recently been demonstrated to regulate activity‐dependent synaptic scaling, their roles in Hebbian synaptic plasticity as well as learning and memory remain poorly understood. Here, using a rodent model, we found that an inhibitory avoidance task, a hippocampus‐dependent contextual learning paradigm, increased secretion of semaphorin 3A in the hippocampus. Furthermore, the secreted semaphorin 3A in the hippocampus mediated contextual memory formation likely by driving AMPA receptors into hippocampal synapses via the neuropilin1–plexin A4–semaphorin receptor complex. This signaling process involves alteration of the phosphorylation status of collapsin response mediator protein 2, which has been characterized as a downstream molecule in semaphorin signaling. These findings implicate semaphorin family as a regulator of Hebbian synaptic plasticity and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Jitsuki-Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Jitsuki
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Meiko Kawamura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akane Sano
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Fumio Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takuya Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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12
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Pathak A, Clark S, Bronfman FC, Deppmann CD, Carter BD. Long-distance regressive signaling in neural development and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2021; 10:e382. [PMID: 32391977 PMCID: PMC7655682 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nervous system development proceeds via well-orchestrated processes involving a balance between progressive and regressive events including stabilization or elimination of axons, synapses, and even entire neurons. These progressive and regressive events are driven by functionally antagonistic signaling pathways with the dominant pathway eventually determining whether a neural element is retained or removed. Many of these developmental sculpting events are triggered by final target innervation necessitating a long-distance mode of communication. While long-distance progressive signaling has been well characterized, particularly for neurotrophic factors, there remains relatively little known about how regressive events are triggered from a distance. Here we discuss the emergent phenomenon of long-distance regressive signaling pathways. In particular, we will cover (a) progressive and regressive cues known to be employed after target innervation, (b) the mechanisms of long-distance signaling from an endosomal platform, (c) recent evidence that long-distance regressive cues emanate from platforms like death receptors or repulsive axon guidance receptors, and (d) evidence that these pathways are exploited in pathological scenarios. This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles Signaling Pathways > Global Signaling Mechanisms Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Cytoplasmic Localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shayla Clark
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Francisca C. Bronfman
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Departments of Biology, Cell Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bruce D. Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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13
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Abstract
During the development of the nervous system, neurons respond to diffusible cues secreted by target cells. Because such target-derived factors regulate development, maturation, and maintenance of axons as well as somatodendritic compartments, signals initiated at distal axons must be retrogradely transmitted toward cell bodies. Neurotrophins, including the nerve growth factor (NGF), provide one of the best-known examples of target-derived growth factors. The cell biological processes of endocytosis and retrograde trafficking of their Trk receptors from growth cones to cell bodies are key mechanisms by which target-derived neurotrophins influence neurons. Evidence accumulated over the past several decades has begun to uncover the molecular mechanisms of formation, transport, and biological functions of these specialized endosomes called "signaling endosomes."
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14
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A Novel Mechanism Underlying Activity-Dependent Pruning in Postnatal Prefrontal Cortex. J Neurosci 2020; 40:2186-2188. [PMID: 32161181 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2394-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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15
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Jiang T, Zhang G, Liang Y, Cai Z, Liang Z, Lin H, Tan M. PlexinA3 Interacts with CRMP2 to Mediate Sema3A Signalling During Dendritic Growth in Cultured Cerebellar Granule Neurons. Neuroscience 2020; 434:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Tempes A, Weslawski J, Brzozowska A, Jaworski J. Role of dynein-dynactin complex, kinesins, motor adaptors, and their phosphorylation in dendritogenesis. J Neurochem 2020; 155:10-28. [PMID: 32196676 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the characteristic features of different classes of neurons that is vital for their proper functioning within neuronal networks is the shape of their dendritic arbors. To properly develop dendritic trees, neurons need to accurately control the intracellular transport of various cellular cargo (e.g., mRNA, proteins, and organelles). Microtubules and motor proteins (e.g., dynein and kinesins) that move along microtubule tracks play an essential role in cargo sorting and transport to the most distal ends of neurons. Equally important are motor adaptors, which may affect motor activity and specify cargo that is transported by the motor. Such transport undergoes very dynamic fine-tuning in response to changes in the extracellular environment and synaptic transmission. Such regulation is achieved by the phosphorylation of motors, motor adaptors, and cargo, among other mechanisms. This review focuses on the contribution of the dynein-dynactin complex, kinesins, their adaptors, and the phosphorylation of these proteins in the formation of dendritic trees by maturing neurons. We primarily review the effects of the motor activity of these proteins in dendrites on dendritogenesis. We also discuss less anticipated mechanisms that contribute to dendrite growth, such as dynein-driven axonal transport and non-motor functions of kinesins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tempes
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Weslawski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Jaworski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Tanaka H, Kanatome A, Takagi S. Involvement of the synaptotagmin/stonin2 system in vesicular transport regulated by semaphorins in Caenorhabditis elegans epidermal cells. Genes Cells 2020; 25:391-401. [PMID: 32167217 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular transport serves as an important mechanism for cell shape regulation during development. Although the semaphorin signaling molecule, a well-known regulator of axon guidance, induces endocytosis in the growth cone and the axonal transport of vertebrate neurons, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans SNT-1/synaptotagmin-UNC-41/stonin2 system, whose role in synaptic vesicle recycling in neurons has been studied extensively, is involved in semaphorin-regulated vesicular transport in larval epidermal cells. Mutations in the snt-1/unc-41 genes strongly suppressed the cell shape defects of semaphorin mutants. The null mutation in the semaphorin receptor gene, plx-1, altered the expression and localization pattern of endocytic and exocytic markers in the epidermal cells while repressing the transport of SNT-1-containing vesicles toward late endosome/lysosome pathways. Our findings suggest that the nematode semaphorins regulate the vesicular transport in epidermal cells in a manner distinct from that of vertebrate semaphorins in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayana Kanatome
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shin Takagi
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
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18
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Glasgow SD, Ruthazer ES, Kennedy TE. Guiding synaptic plasticity: Novel roles for netrin-1 in synaptic plasticity and memory formation in the adult brain. J Physiol 2020; 599:493-505. [PMID: 32017127 DOI: 10.1113/jp278704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult neural plasticity engages mechanisms that change synapse structure and function, yet many of the underlying events bear a striking similarity to processes that occur during the initial establishment of neural circuits during development. It is a long-standing hypothesis that the molecular mechanisms critical for neural development may also regulate synaptic plasticity related to learning and memory in adults. Netrins were initially described as chemoattractant guidance cues that direct cell and axon migration during embryonic development, yet they continue to be expressed by neurons in the adult brain. Recent findings have identified roles for netrin-1 in synaptogenesis during postnatal maturation, and in synaptic plasticity in the adult mammalian brain, regulating AMPA glutamate receptor trafficking at excitatory synapses. These findings provide an example of a conserved developmental guidance cue that is expressed by neurons in the adult brain and functions as a key regulator of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Notably, in humans, genetic polymorphisms in netrin-1 and its receptors have been linked to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. The molecular mechanisms associated with the synaptic function of netrin-1 therefore present new therapeutic targets for neuropathologies associated with memory dysfunction. Here, we summarize recent findings that link netrin-1 signalling to synaptic plasticity, and discuss the implications of these discoveries for the neurobiological basis of memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Glasgow
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Edward S Ruthazer
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada
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19
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Projecting an ultra-strongly-coupled system in a non-energy-eigenbasis with a driven nonlinear resonator. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1751. [PMID: 32019941 PMCID: PMC7000414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We explore the problem of projecting the ground-state of an ultra-strong-coupled circuit-QED system into a non-energy-eigenstate. As a measurement apparatus we consider a nonlinear driven resonator. We find that the post-measurement state of the nonlinear resonator exhibits a large correlation with the post-measurement state of the ultra-strongly coupled system even when the coupling between measurement device and system is much smaller than the energy scales of the system itself. While the projection is imperfect, we argue that because of the strong nonlinear response of the resonator it works in a practical regime where a linear measurement apparatus would fail.
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20
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Yamashita N. Retrograde signaling via axonal transport through signaling endosomes. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 141:91-96. [PMID: 31679963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons extend axons far from cell bodies, and retrograde communications from distal axons to cell bodies and/or dendrites play critical roles in the development and maintenance of neuronal circuits. In neurotrophin signaling, the retrograde axonal transport of endosomes containing active ligand-receptor complexes from distal axons to somatodendrite compartments mediates retrograde signaling. However, the generality and specificity of these endosome-based transportations called "signaling endosomes" remain to be elucidated. Here, I summarize the discovery of semaphorin3A signaling endosomes, the first example other than neurotrophins to regulate dendritic development via AMPA receptor GluA2 localization in dendrites. The molecular components of Sema3A and neurotrophin signaling endosomes are distinct, but partially overlap to regulate specific and common cellular events. Because receptors are transported back to the cell bodies, neurons must replenish receptors on the growth cone surface to ensure continued response to the target-derived ligands. Recent findings have demonstrated that retrograde signaling endosomes also induce anterograde delivery of nascent receptors in neurotrophin signaling. The coupling between anterograde and retrograde axonal transport via signaling endosomes therefore plays a critical role in regulating proper neuronal network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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21
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Mohan V, Wade SD, Sullivan CS, Kasten MR, Sweetman C, Stewart R, Truong Y, Schachner M, Manis PB, Maness PF. Close Homolog of L1 Regulates Dendritic Spine Density in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex Through Semaphorin 3B. J Neurosci 2019; 39:6233-6250. [PMID: 31182634 PMCID: PMC6687901 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2984-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines in the developing mammalian neocortex are initially overproduced and then eliminated during adolescence to achieve appropriate levels of excitation in mature networks. We show here that the L1 family cell adhesion molecule Close Homolog of L1 (CHL1) and secreted repellent ligand Semaphorin 3B (Sema3B) function together to induce dendritic spine pruning in developing cortical pyramidal neurons. Loss of CHL1 in null mutant mice in both genders resulted in increased spine density and a greater proportion of immature spines on apical dendrites in the prefrontal and visual cortex. Electron microscopy showed that excitatory spine synapses with postsynaptic densities were increased in the CHL1-null cortex, and electrophysiological recording in prefrontal slices from mutant mice revealed deficiencies in excitatory synaptic transmission. Mechanistically, Sema3B protein induced elimination of spines on apical dendrites of cortical neurons cultured from wild-type but not CHL1-null embryos. Sema3B was secreted by the cortical neuron cultures, and its levels increased when cells were treated with the GABA antagonist gabazine. In vivo CHL1 was coexpressed with Sema3B in pyramidal neuron subpopulations and formed a complex with Sema3B receptor subunits Neuropilin-2 and PlexinA4. CHL1 and NrCAM, a closely related L1 adhesion molecule, localized primarily to distinct spines and promoted spine elimination to Sema3B or Sema3F, respectively. These results support a new concept in which selective spine elimination is achieved through different secreted semaphorins and L1 family adhesion molecules to sculpt functional neural circuits during postnatal maturation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Dendritic spines in the mammalian neocortex are initially overproduced and then pruned in adolescent life through unclear mechanisms to sculpt maturing cortical circuits. Here, we show that spine and excitatory synapse density of pyramidal neurons in the developing neocortex is regulated by the L1 adhesion molecule, Close Homolog of L1 (CHL1). CHL1 mediated spine pruning in response to the secreted repellent ligand Semaphorin 3B and associated with receptor subunits Neuropilin-2 and PlexinA4. CHL1 and related L1 adhesion molecule NrCAM localized to distinct spines, and promoted spine elimination to Semaphorin 3B and -3F, respectively. These results support a new concept in which selective elimination of individual spines and nascent synapses can be achieved through the action of distinct secreted semaphorins and L1 adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael R Kasten
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
| | | | | | - Young Truong
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, and
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Paul B Manis
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
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22
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Buonarati OR, Hammes EA, Watson JF, Greger IH, Hell JW. Mechanisms of postsynaptic localization of AMPA-type glutamate receptors and their regulation during long-term potentiation. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/562/eaar6889. [PMID: 30600260 PMCID: PMC7175813 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aar6889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
l-Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, with postsynaptic responses to its release predominantly mediated by AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs). A critical component of synaptic plasticity involves changes in the number of responding postsynaptic receptors, which are dynamically recruited to and anchored at postsynaptic sites. Emerging findings continue to shed new light on molecular mechanisms that mediate AMPAR postsynaptic trafficking and localization. Accordingly, unconventional secretory trafficking of AMPARs occurs in dendrites, from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through the ER-Golgi intermediary compartment directly to recycling endosomes, independent of the Golgi apparatus. Upon exocytosis, AMPARs diffuse in the plasma membrane to reach the postsynaptic site, where they are trapped to contribute to transmission. This trapping occurs through a combination of both intracellular interactions, such as TARP (transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein) binding to α-actinin-stabilized PSD-95, and extracellular interactions through the receptor amino-terminal domain. These anchoring mechanisms may facilitate precise receptor positioning with respect to glutamate release sites to enable efficient synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R. Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8636, USA
| | - Erik A. Hammes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8636, USA
| | - Jake F. Watson
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ingo H. Greger
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Johannes W. Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8636, USA,Correspondence:
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23
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Zhang FY, Yang CP. Tunable coupling of spin ensembles. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:466-469. [PMID: 29400816 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spin ensembles are promising candidates for quantum memory units because they have long coherence time. Controlling the coupling between spin ensembles is necessary and important in quantum information processing. In this Letter, we propose a method to realize tunable coupling between spin ensembles by a superconducting flux qubit acting as a coupler. The resulting coupling can be used to high-fidelity speed up the adiabatic transfer of quantum information.
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24
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Wang Q, Chiu SL, Koropouli E, Hong I, Mitchell S, Easwaran TP, Hamilton NR, Gustina AS, Zhu Q, Ginty DD, Huganir RL, Kolodkin AL. Neuropilin-2/PlexinA3 Receptors Associate with GluA1 and Mediate Sema3F-Dependent Homeostatic Scaling in Cortical Neurons. Neuron 2017; 96:1084-1098.e7. [PMID: 29154130 PMCID: PMC5726806 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) number at synapses is a major mechanism for controlling synaptic strength during homeostatic scaling in response to global changes in neural activity. We show that the secreted guidance cue semaphorin 3F (Sema3F) and its neuropilin-2 (Npn-2)/plexinA3 (PlexA3) holoreceptor mediate homeostatic plasticity in cortical neurons. Sema3F-Npn-2/PlexA3 signaling is essential for cell surface AMPAR homeostatic downscaling in response to an increase in neuronal activity, Npn-2 associates with AMPARs, and Sema3F regulates this interaction. Therefore, Sema3F-Npn-2/PlexA3 signaling controls both synapse development and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shu-Ling Chiu
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Eleftheria Koropouli
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ingie Hong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sarah Mitchell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Teresa P Easwaran
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Natalie R Hamilton
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ahleah S Gustina
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qianwen Zhu
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - David D Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard L Huganir
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Alex L Kolodkin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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25
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Yamane M, Yamashita N, Hida T, Kamiya Y, Nakamura F, Kolattukudy P, Goshima Y. A functional coupling between CRMP1 and Na v1.7 for retrograde propagation of Semaphorin3A signaling. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1393-1403. [PMID: 28254884 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.199737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) is a secreted type of axon guidance molecule that regulates axon wiring through complexes of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) with PlexinA protein receptors. Sema3A regulates the dendritic branching through tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive retrograde axonal transport of PlexA proteins and tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) complex. We here demonstrate that Nav1.7 (encoded by SCN9A), a TTX-sensitive Na+ channel, by coupling with collapsin response mediator protein 1 (CRMP1), mediates the Sema3A-induced retrograde transport. In mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, Sema3A increased co-localization of PlexA4 and TrkA in the growth cones and axons. TTX treatment and RNAi knockdown of Nav1.7 sustained Sema3A-induced colocalized signals of PlexA4 and TrkA in growth cones and suppressed the subsequent localization of PlexA4 and TrkA in distal axons. A similar localization phenotype was observed in crmp1-/- DRG neurons. Sema3A induced colocalization of CRMP1 and Nav1.7 in the growth cones. The half maximal voltage was increased in crmp1-/- neurons when compared to that in wild type. In HEK293 cells, introduction of CRMP1 lowered the threshold of co-expressed exogenous Nav1.7. These results suggest that Nav1.7, by coupling with CRMP1, mediates the axonal retrograde signaling of Sema3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Yamane
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan .,Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Tomonobu Hida
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.,RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kamiya
- Department of Anesthesiology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 4132 Urasa, Minami-uonuma, Niigata 949-7302, Japan
| | - Fumio Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Pappachan Kolattukudy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Song WL, Yang WL, Yin ZQ, Chen CY, Feng M. Controllable quantum dynamics of inhomogeneous nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles coupled to superconducting resonators. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33271. [PMID: 27627994 PMCID: PMC5024108 DOI: 10.1038/srep33271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We explore controllable quantum dynamics of a hybrid system, which consists of an array of mutually coupled superconducting resonators (SRs) with each containing a nitrogen-vacancy center spin ensemble (NVE) in the presence of inhomogeneous broadening. We focus on a three-site model, which compared with the two-site case, shows more complicated and richer dynamical behavior, and displays a series of damped oscillations under various experimental situations, reflecting the intricate balance and competition between the NVE-SR collective coupling and the adjacent-site photon hopping. Particularly, we find that the inhomogeneous broadening of the spin ensemble can suppress the population transfer between the SR and the local NVE. In this context, although the inhomogeneous broadening of the spin ensemble diminishes entanglement among the NVEs, optimal entanglement, characterized by averaging the lower bound of concurrence, could be achieved through accurately adjusting the tunable parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Lu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wan-Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhang-Qi Yin
- The Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Yong Chen
- Department of Physics, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512005, China
| | - Mang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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27
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Lee FHF, Su P, Xie YF, Wang KE, Wan Q, Liu F. Disrupting GluA2-GAPDH Interaction Affects Axon and Dendrite Development. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30458. [PMID: 27461448 PMCID: PMC4962050 DOI: 10.1038/srep30458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
GluA2-containing AMPA receptors (AMPARs) play a critical role in various aspects of neurodevelopment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are largely unknown. We report here that the interaction between GluA2 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is necessary for neuron and cortical development. Using an interfering peptide (GluA2-G-Gpep) that specifically disrupts this interaction, we found that primary neuron cultures with peptide treatment displayed growth cone development deficits, impairment of axon formation, less dendritic arborization and lower spine protrusion density. Consistently, in vivo data with mouse brains from pregnant dams injected with GluA2-G-Gpep daily during embryonic day 8 to 19 revealed a reduction of cortical tract axon integrity and neuronal density in post-natal day 1 offspring. Disruption of GluA2-GAPDH interaction also impairs the GluA2-Plexin A4 interaction and reduces p53 acetylation in mice, both of which are possible mechanisms leading to the observed neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Furthermore, electrophysiological experiments indicate altered long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices of offspring mice. Our results provide novel evidence that AMPARs, specifically the GluA2 subunit via its interaction with GAPDH, play a critical role in cortical neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frankie Hang Fung Lee
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8 Canada
| | - Ping Su
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8 Canada
| | - Yu-Feng Xie
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8 Canada
| | - Kyle Ethan Wang
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8 Canada
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8 Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8 Canada
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28
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Goshima Y, Yamashita N, Nakamura F, Sasaki Y. Regulation of dendritic development by semaphorin 3A through novel intracellular remote signaling. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 10:627-640. [PMID: 27392015 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1210758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix proteins and axon guidance molecules participate in neuronal network formation through local effects at axo-dendritic, axo-axonic or dendro-dendritic contact sites. In contrast, neurotrophins and their receptors play crucial roles in neural wiring by sending retrograde signals to remote cell bodies. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a prototype of secreted type 3 semaphorins, is implicated in axon repulsion, dendritic branching and synapse formation via binding protein neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and the signal transducing protein PlexinAs (PlexAs) complex. This review focuses on Sema3A retrograde signaling that regulates dendritic localization of AMPA-type glutamate receptor GluA2 and dendritic patterning. This signaling is elicited by activation of NRP1 in growth cones and is propagated to cell bodies by dynein-dependent retrograde axonal transport of PlexAs. It also requires interaction between PlexAs and a high-affinity receptor for nerve growth factor, toropomyosin receptor kinase A. We propose a control mechanism by which retrograde Sema3A signaling regulates the glutamate receptor localization through trafficking of cis-interacting PlexAs with GluA2 along dendrites; this remote signaling may be an alternative mechanism to local adhesive contacts for neural network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Goshima
- a Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Naoya Yamashita
- a Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan.,c Department of Biology , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Fumio Nakamura
- a Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Yukio Sasaki
- b Functional Structural, Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science , Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama , Japan
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29
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Yamashita N, Yamane M, Suto F, Goshima Y. TrkA mediates retrograde semaphorin 3A signaling through plexin A4 to regulate dendritic branching. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1802-14. [PMID: 26945060 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.184580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a secretory semaphorin, exerts various biological actions through a complex between neuropilin-1 and plexin-As (PlexAs). Sema3A induces retrograde signaling, which is involved in regulating dendritic localization of GluA2 (also known as GRIA2), an AMPA receptor subunit. Here, we investigated a possible interaction between retrograde signaling pathways for Sema3A and nerve growth factor (NGF). Sema3A induces colocalization of PlexA4 (also known as PLXNA4) signals with those of tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA, also known as NTRK1) in growth cones, and these colocalized signals were then observed along the axons. The time-lapse imaging of PlexA4 and several TrkA mutants showed that the kinase and dynein-binding activity of TrkA were required for Sema3A-induced retrograde transport of the PlexA4-TrkA complex along the axons. The inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signal, a downstream signaling pathway of TrkA, in the distal axon suppressed Sema3A-induced dendritic localization of GluA2. The knockdown of TrkA suppressed Sema3A-induced dendritic localization of GluA2 and that suppressed Sema3A-regulated dendritic branching both in vitro and in vivo These findings suggest that by interacting with PlexA4, TrkA plays a crucial role in redirecting local Sema3A signaling to retrograde axonal transport, thereby regulating dendritic GluA2 localization and patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Masayuki Yamane
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Suto
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Ultrastructural Research, 4-1-1, Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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30
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Entanglement dynamics of Nitrogen-vacancy centers spin ensembles coupled to a superconducting resonator. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21775. [PMID: 26902910 PMCID: PMC4763275 DOI: 10.1038/srep21775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration of macroscopic quantum entanglement is of great interest in both fundamental science and practical application. We investigate a hybrid quantum system that consists of two nitrogen-vacancy centers ensembles (NVE) coupled to a superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator (CPWR). The collective magnetic coupling between the NVE and the CPWR is employed to generate macroscopic entanglement between the NVEs, where the CPWR acts as the quantum bus. We find that, this NVE-CPWR hybrid system behaves as a system of three coupled harmonic oscillators, and the excitation prepared initially in the CPWR can be distributed into these two NVEs. In the nondissipative case, the entanglement of NVEs oscillates periodically and the maximal entanglement always keeps unity if the CPWR is initially prepared in the odd coherent state. Considering the dissipative effect from the CPWR and NVEs, the amount of entanglement between these two NVEs strongly depends on the initial state of the CPWR, and the maximal entanglement can be tuned by adjusting the initial states of the total system. The experimental feasibility and challenge with currently available technology are discussed.
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31
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Yamashita N, Aoki R, Chen S, Jitsuki-Takahashi A, Ohura S, Kamiya H, Goshima Y. Voltage-gated calcium and sodium channels mediate Sema3A retrograde signaling that regulates dendritic development. Brain Res 2015; 1631:127-36. [PMID: 26638837 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Growing axons rely on local signaling at the growth cone for guidance cues. Semaphorin3A (Sema3A), a secreted repulsive axon guidance molecule, regulates synapse maturation and dendritic branching. We previously showed that local Sema3A signaling in the growth cones elicits retrograde retrograde signaling via PlexinA4 (PlexA4), one component of the Sema3A receptor, thereby regulating dendritic localization of AMPA receptor GluA2 and proper dendritic development. In present study, we found that nimodipine (voltage-gated L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker) and tetrodotoxin (TTX; voltage-gated Na(+) channel blocker) suppress Sema3A-induced dendritic localization of GluA2 and dendritic branch formation in cultured hippocampal neurons. The local application of nimodipine or TTX to distal axons suppresses retrograde transport of Venus-Sema3A that has been exogenously applied to the distal axons. Sema3A facilitates axonal transport of PlexA4, which is also suppressed in neurons treated with either TTX or nimodipine. These data suggest that voltage-gated calcium and sodium channels mediate Sema3A retrograde signaling that regulates dendritic GluA2 localization and branch formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad, Chiyoda-ku 102-0083, Japan
| | - Reina Aoki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sandy Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Aoi Jitsuki-Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ohura
- Department of Neurobiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Kamiya
- Department of Neurobiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
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32
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Quantitative analysis of intraneuronal transport in human iPS neurons. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 128:170-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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33
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Yamashita N, Jitsuki-Takahashi A, Ogawara M, Ohkubo W, Araki T, Hotta C, Tamura T, Hashimoto SI, Yabuki T, Tsuji T, Sasakura Y, Okumura H, Takaiwa A, Koyama C, Murakami K, Goshima Y. Anti-Semaphorin 3A neutralization monoclonal antibody prevents sepsis development in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. Int Immunol 2015; 27:459-66. [PMID: 25855660 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxv014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), originally identified as a potent growth cone collapsing factor in developing sensory neurons, is now recognized as a key player in immune, cardiovascular, bone metabolism and neurological systems. Here we established an anti-Sema3A monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the effects of Sema3A both in vitro and in vivo. The anti-Sema3A neutralization chick IgM antibodies were screened by combining an autonomously diversifying library selection system and an in vitro growth cone collapse assay. We further developed function-blocking chick-mouse chimeric and humanized anti-Sema3A antibodies. We found that our anti-Sema3A antibodies were effective for improving the survival rate in lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in mice. Our antibody is a potential therapeutic agent that may prevent the onset of or alleviate symptoms of human diseases associated with Sema3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Aoi Jitsuki-Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Miyuki Ogawara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Wataru Ohkubo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomomi Araki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Chie Hotta
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | | | | | - Toru Tsuji
- Chiome Bioscience Inc., Tokyo 151-0071, Japan
| | | | | | - Aki Takaiwa
- Chiome Bioscience Inc., Tokyo 151-0071, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshio Goshima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Semaphorin3A-induced axonal transport mediated through phosphorylation of Axin-1 by GSK3β. Brain Res 2014; 1598:46-56. [PMID: 25528666 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of neuronal polarity is necessary for proper neuronal wiring. Semaphorin3A (Sema3A), originally identified as a repulsive axon guidance molecule, exerts a wide variety of biological functions through signaling pathways including sequential phosphorylation of collapsin response mediator protein by cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (Cdk5) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). Sema3A acts on its receptor neuropilin-1 to regulate axonal transport. To delineate mechanism by which Sema3A induces axonal transport, we investigate whether GSK3β is involved in mediating Sema3A-induced axonal transport. 4-Benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione, an inhibitor of GSK3β, suppressed Sema3A-induced antero- and retrograde axonal transport. Introduction of either GSK3β mutants, GSK3β-L128A or K85M, suppressed Sema3A-induced axonal transport. On the other hand, introduction of GSK3β-R96A did not affect the Sema3A effect, suggesting that unprimed substrates are primarily involved in Sema3A-induced axonal transport. Overexpression of a partial fragment of frequently rearranged in advanced T-cell lymphomas 1 (FRATtide), which interferes the interaction between GSK3β and Axis inhibitor-1 (Axin-1), also suppressed Sema3A-induced transport. siRNA knockdown of Axin-1, an unprimed substrate of GSK3β, suppressed Sema3A-induced antero- and retrograde axonal transport. These results indicate that GSK3β and Axin-1 are involved in Sema3A-induced bidirectional axonal transport. This finding should provide a clue for understanding of mechanisms of a wide variety of biological activities of Sema3A.
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